VENTILACIÓN PULMONAR 💨 (Volúmenes y Capacidades) FÁCIL — Transcript

Full transcript

1. 0:00Hello, hello, how are you? Welcome. In
2. 0:02this video, we are going to look at
3. 0:04lung volumes and capacities in a very
4. 0:06easy, very simple way. This is a topic
5. 0:08that often gets complicated, but we
6. 0:10will see that it is easy and simple to
7. 0:12understand. We have this chart on the
8. 0:15left, which shows volumes, and on the
9. 0:17right, all the capacities. Well, there
10. 0:19is a difference between one and the
11. 0:21other. Let's start by looking at the
12. 0:23volumes. As we see here, yes, we are
13. 0:27going to have different volumes. We are
14. 0:30going to start with tidal volume. First
15. 0:33of all, to understand how to read this
16. 0:36chart, every time the line goes up, it
17. 0:39means an inspiration is happening, and
18. 0:41every time it goes down, it's an
19. 0:44expiration. Phew! So, keeping this
20. 0:48concept in mind, let's see the
21. 0:50following. Tidal volume. Yes, this one
22. 0:54you see here in that light yellow color
23. 0:57. What would it be? It is the volume of
24. 1:00air that circulates between a normal
25. 1:02inspiration and expiration without
26. 1:04making an additional effort. The normal
27. 1:06value is approximately 500 ml or 7 ml
28. 1:09per kg of body weight. What is tidal
29. 1:12volume? It is your normal breathing.
30. 1:14Yes, it's the one where you don't even
31. 1:16realize you are breathing. Yes,
32. 1:17actually, sometimes we are breathing
33. 1:19and we don't even notice, and now you
34. 1:21are focusing on the fact that you are
35. 1:23breathing. It is the normal breathing
36. 1:26that we have all the time, without, as
37. 1:29it says there, making an additional
38. 1:31effort. Why does it talk about this
39. 1:34additional effort? Because precisely
40. 1:36the next one, the inspiratory reserve
41. 1:38volume, what is it going to be about?
42. 1:42It says it represents the additional
43. 1:44volume that can be introduced into the
44. 1:48lungs by performing a maximum
45. 1:50inspiration from the tidal volume.
46. 1:54Right, the inspiratory reserve volume
47. 1:57is that extra we can inhale. For
48. 2:00example, we are breathing normally and
49. 2:02suddenly I inflate my lungs. Yes, there
50. 2:07I made an inspiratory reserve volume,
51. 2:09which clearly shows here how the line
52. 2:12goes up. Yes, we often use it when we
53. 2:15are about to go into the water, right?
54. 2:18In a pool. Maximum inspiratory volume,
55. 2:22the inspiratory reserve volume.
56. 2:24Sometimes we yawn, right? We take in a
57. 2:27lot of air. Well, that is the extra we
58. 2:30can inhale. Well, it bears that name.
59. 2:33Inspiratory reserve volume. Now, just
60. 2:37as there is an inspiratory reserve
61. 2:39volume, there is an expiratory reserve
62. 2:41volume, which is the additional gas
63. 2:43volume that can be exhaled from the
64. 2:45lung after exhaling at tidal volume.
65. 2:48Sure, I’ve been breathing, breathing,
66. 2:50breathing, and suddenly I take, yes, an
67. 2:56extra, forced exhalation, and this
68. 2:59would be the expiratory reserve volume.
69. 3:03Now we see that below is the residual
70. 3:05volume. And what would the residual
71. 3:07volume be? It corresponds to the volume
72. 3:10of gas that remains inside the lung
73. 3:11after a maximum forced exhalation.
74. 3:13Right. Notice the following. You start
75. 3:16to blow out until you run out of air.
76. 3:22But that "running out of air" is in
77. 3:23quotes because the lung still has some
78. 3:25air left inside. It's like a balloon
79. 3:28that we suddenly let go of. Yes. And it
80. 3:30deflates. Some air remains inside that
81. 3:34balloon. Yes, even if it's minimal,
82. 3:36something remains. So that residual
83. 3:38volume refers to that extra air that
84. 3:41stayed, even though we performed a
85. 3:43maximum forced exhalation. Right, so
86. 3:46tidal volume is your normal breathing.
87. 3:50Inspiratory reserve volume is when we
88. 3:54took a forced inspiration, and
89. 3:56expiratory reserve volume is a forced
90. 3:59expiration. Yes, subscribe to the
91. 4:03channel. Okay, let's move on to what's
92. 4:06next. Inspiratory capacity. Let's move
93. 4:09now from volumes to capacities. Wait,
94. 4:12wait, haven't you visited my website
95. 4:14yet? Use the link I left in the
96. 4:17description, and you will find the best
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100. 4:25classroom to make the experience much
101. 4:27more pleasant and comfortable. Take
102. 4:30your knowledge to the max and become a
103. 4:32professional. See you there. And once
104. 4:36we have understood volumes, we move on
105. 4:38to how to add the volumes and we obtain
106. 4:40capacities. Inspiratory capacity, first
107. 4:44, as we see here, yes, in this green
108. 4:46part, what is added? Tidal volume with
109. 4:50inspiratory reserve volume. So,
110. 4:53inspiratory capacity, of course,
111. 4:55includes tidal volume plus inspiratory
112. 4:58reserve volume, everything I can
113. 5:00inspire in total. So, let's read the
114. 5:03definition. It is equal to tidal volume
115. 5:06plus inspiratory reserve volume, as we
116. 5:08said, it represents the amount of air a
117. 5:11person can inspire, starting at the
118. 5:13normal expiratory level and uh
119. 5:15distending the lungs to maximum
120. 5:17capacity. Its approximate value is 3600
121. 5:21ml. Yes, we inspire, we inspire, we
122. 5:24inspire to the limit. That would be the
123. 5:27inspiratory capacity. Capacity always
124. 5:30talks about a limit, yes? If I have a 2
125. 5:33-liter bottle, well, 2 liters is the
126. 5:35capacity, yes? So, we talk about the
127. 5:37lungs in the same way. Functional
128. 5:40residual capacity, we see here below,
129. 5:43is the volume of air that remains in
130. 5:45the lungs at the end of a normal
131. 5:48exhalation or expiratory resting point.
132. 5:51It is practically the same as the
133. 5:53residual volume. Yes, it says, it is
134. 5:55the volume of air remaining in the
135. 5:56lungs at the end of a normal expiration
136. 5:58. and there is volume left in my lungs.
137. 6:04Yes, what's more, sometimes we can blow
138. 6:06out a little more and that's when we
139. 6:08realize there was air left. Now, vital
140. 6:12capacity. What is vital capacity? Well,
141. 6:16it’s speaking right there, vital,
142. 6:18something of life, what we live with.
143. 6:21So, vital capacity is the volume of air
144. 6:23that can be expelled from the lungs
145. 6:24starting from a position of full
146. 6:26inspiration; it corresponds to the
147. 6:28inspiratory capacity plus the
148. 6:29expiratory reserve volume. Right? These
149. 6:32are the three volumes we use in daily
150. 6:34life. Yes, our day is defined by tidal
151. 6:37volume, plus what we use for
152. 6:39inspiratory reserve volume. Oh, you see
153. 6:43, I filled myself with air or I did a
154. 6:45maximum inspiration, a maximum
155. 6:46expiration. Our day is defined by these
156. 6:50three volumes, that is why it is the
157. 6:51vital capacity, right? And the total
158. 6:54lung capacity precisely encompasses the
159. 6:56tidal volume, the inspiratory reserve
160. 6:58volume, the expiratory reserve volume,
161. 7:00and the residual volume, that is, all
162. 7:02the volumes. It is the maximum volume
163. 7:04of gas that the lungs can contain.
164. 7:06Right? So, it was very simple. Review
165. 7:09the lesson if you have any doubts left,
166. 7:11because I really think it is a topic
167. 7:12that is not complicated, right? But
168. 7:14sometimes all the names can be a bit
169. 7:16confusing. So look, if you liked the
170. 7:18video, subscribe right there, give it a
171. 7:20like, and leave me a comment for future
172. 7:22videos. See you soon. Bye. Bye.