Veins of the Head and Neck (Internal & External Jugular) | Anatomy — Transcript

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1. 0:00hello and welcome to another video in this video  we're going to look at the veins of the head and
2. 0:04neck or to be specific the external veins of the  head and the veins of the neck that drain directly
3. 0:10into the external and the internal jugler veins  and at the end of this video you will find a quiz
4. 0:17which you will hopefully be able to pass based on  this video so the veinous system is divided into
5. 0:23four systems the first one is the veins of the  heart then there's the veins of the vava superior
6. 0:29and the veins of the vava inferior and then  there's the portal system so our focus in this
7. 0:36video is going to be up here um in The Superficial  veins of the head and neck which drains into the
8. 0:41ven aava Superior so as since this is my first  video of veins I just want to inform you that
9. 0:48usually when we talk about veins we start from the  periphery and then into the Centrum because that's
10. 0:54how the blood flow goes It goes from the heart  to arteries and then to veins and then to back
11. 1:00to the heart again but when I started studying  veins from the beginning I found that it was a
12. 1:06little harder to understand or to visualize  the veins using starting from the periphery
13. 1:13and then into the Centrum so what I want to do  is start from the heart towards the periphery
14. 1:18the same the same method as we use to to study the  arteries and another thing I want to mention when
15. 1:24we talk about veins is that in arteries we have  side branches but in veins we usually talk about
16. 1:32tributaries which means smaller veins which drain  into larger veins so yeah but I will go through
17. 1:39it throughout this video now just to begin from  the heart we have the superior venova which going
18. 1:46which is going to divide into the right bralic  vein and the left bralic vein now the bralic
19. 1:53vein are formed by the internal jugular vein and  the subclavian vein and now as the subclavian vein
20. 2:02passes below the clavicle is going to give off the  external jugular vein and here I made the external
21. 2:09jugler vein in yellow to really separate these  two veins now and then the subclavian vein is
22. 2:15going to continue as the Axel vein but now let's  look at the neck and head from this perspective
23. 2:21in order to to visualize the external and the  internal jugler vein better now the internal
24. 2:27jugler vein is going to pass uh through the jugler  foramin and then is going to drain blood from the
25. 2:34sigmoid sinus and the sigmoid sinus is one of the  Dural sinuses we have in the brain and I'm going
26. 2:41to try to cover the Dural sinuses in my next video  but just keep in mind that the the Dural sinuses
27. 2:47the sigmo sinus is one of the Dural sinus that  drain blood from the brain and they lie in the
28. 2:52in the two layers of the dur um the external  jugler however is going to divide into the the
29. 3:00posterior arular vein and the posterior root of  the retromandibular vein retromandibular vein is
30. 3:07going to become more logical later now the first  vein that drains directly into the internal jugler
31. 3:14vein is the lingual vein uh the lingual vein is  going to receive blood from three different veins
32. 3:20the first one is the Deep lingual vein and then we  have the dorsal lingual vein and then we have the
33. 3:28sublingual vein which blood from the sublingual  gland then there's the common facial vein which
34. 3:35is formed by two different veins and these are  the facial vein as you see here and the anterior
35. 3:43root of the retromandibular vein now the anterior  root of the retromandibular vein and the posterior
36. 3:49root of the retromandibular vein are going to go  together and form the retromandibular vein when we
37. 3:58talk about the facial vein however um this one is  going to just like the just like the facial artery
38. 4:04the facial veins going to supply the facial region  with blood and that's mostly all the superficial
39. 4:10structures you find in the anterior part of  the face like the eyelids the lips you know
40. 4:15the the masticatory muscles the masor muscle  the pared glands and and so on that's all the
41. 4:22structures the facial veins going to supply  but one important tributary one important um
42. 4:30vein that's going to drain into the facial vein  is the Deep facial vein and the Deep facial vein
43. 4:36is going to go towards the infratemporal fossa  you know between the uh medial and lateral teroid
44. 4:43muscles and then form this plexus called the  PID plexus which is going to to supply a lot
45. 4:50of structures in that region um if you remember  the the maxillary archery all the structures the
46. 4:57maxillary archery is going to supply the the pgo  plexus is is the kind of the vein veinous version
47. 5:03of of the maxillary artery uh the teroid plexus is  is going to supply you know it's going to supply
48. 5:10the teeth it's going to supply the mastication  muscles the pared gland uh the temporo mandibular
49. 5:17articulation and you know so on nasal cavity Etc  and the internal structures of the ear for example
50. 5:23and then it's going to continue posteriorly as the  maxillary vein now the maxillary vein is going to
51. 5:29connect Conn with the rrand vein and form the  superficial temporal vein now the superficial
52. 5:37temporal vein is going to supply the pyal and the  frontal region uh with blood now the last vein of
53. 5:46the blood supply of the head the superficial blood  supply of the head is the occipital vein now I've
54. 5:52put the occipital vein a little to the side as  a variation because as I was making this video
55. 5:59I found out that different sources write that the  occipital vein drains into different places so
56. 6:07One Source I found said that the occipital vein  drains directly into the posterior arular vein
57. 6:13meaning that when the posterior arular vein and  the occipital vein connect they form the posterior
58. 6:19root of the external jugler vein so that's one  variation of the occipital vein another variation
59. 6:26is that the occipital vein can drain directly into  the internal nuc vein now there are a couple of
60. 6:31other variations I found also but uh just remember  this vein can vary and along with many other veins
61. 6:37as well so that was all for The Superficial Venus  supply of the head now let's do the Venus supply
62. 6:44of the neck and what I want to do is mention the  veins that drain directly into the internal juglar
63. 6:52vein and the veins that drain directly into the  external jugular vein and the veins that drain
64. 6:58directly into the internal jugler vein uh we can  arrange them using this pneumonic that I found in
65. 7:03the internet it goes like this medical schools  let confident people in and the first two uh
66. 7:10are associated with the thyroid glands so let's  go ahead and add that so the first one is the
67. 7:15middle thyroid vein which drains the middle part  of the thyroid gland then we have the superior
68. 7:21thyroid vein which drains the Superior part of  the thyroid gland then the L and C stand for the
69. 7:28lingual and the Comm facial vein then P stands for  the Fingal vein which goes towards the fings and
70. 7:36form this uh plexus the fenial plexus as you see  in this picture now the next one I stands for the
71. 7:45inferior petal sinus now the inferior petal sinus  as I mentioned earlier when I talked about the
72. 7:51sigmoid sinus the inferior petal sinus is one  of the Dural sinus that's also going to drain
73. 7:56structures within the brain so the inferior pet  sinus is going to drain blood from the cavos sinus
74. 8:03and then directly into the internal jugler vein  and so the inferior patal sinus is going to drain
75. 8:09into the internal jugular vein within the cranial  cavity so after the uh internal jugler vein goes
76. 8:17through the jugler fen so that's that one another  vein I found is the stoc vein which drains blood
77. 8:27from the stoc muscle and then directly into the  internal JC vein some sources might might not
78. 8:33even mention the St Cloud muscle vein and some  some sources might do but keep that also in mind
79. 8:40then when we talk about the external juglar vein  there are four veins that drain directly into the
80. 8:46external juglar vein and to do that we use pasts  P is for the posterior external jugular vein which
81. 8:55drains mostly muscles and the skin of the neck  and the occipital region then a stands for the
82. 9:02anterior jugular vein the anterior juglar vein  is going to go anteriorly and Supply the muscles
83. 9:09and the skin on the anterior surface of the neck  and as it ascends is going to communicate with
84. 9:15the other anterior jugular vein on the other side  and that connection is called the jugular venous
85. 9:21Arch which um helps with a nice collateral blood  flow in case there's any um occlusion for example
86. 9:30uh then s stands for the suprascapular vein and  the Supras scaper vein is going to go towards the
87. 9:37um scapula and Supply the muscles of the scapa  then lastly there's the transverse cervical vein
88. 9:44which is going to go along the neck and Supply  The Superficial muscles of the back and also deep
89. 9:50muscles of the uh of the neck region so that's it  that's all the veins I wanted to cover now I made
90. 9:58this table that covers all the veins I just  went through along with structures that they
91. 10:03drain now this is where this video gets scary  I am going to make all of these names disappear
92. 10:11and can you you know from the beginning tell me  what is the name of number one what is the name
93. 10:16of the vein of number two what does number three  drain and what does number four drain if you can
94. 10:22do that then I've managed to help you with  this topic successfully um until next time