Vector3 - Roblox Advanced Scripting #7 — Transcript

Full transcript

1. 0:00hey thanks for stopping by we're going to be  introduced to a new data type that Roblox has
2. 0:05provided for us called Vector 3 so pretty much  Vector 3 is a value that allows us to manipulate
3. 0:12specific properties inside of our 3D World usually  with things that have to do with positioning a
4. 0:18part inside of our world so it's definitely  a very powerful data type which is why we're
5. 0:22going to be introduced to how to use Vector 3s  inside of our 3D world through scripting and so
6. 0:28I basically whipped up like a little example here  with this part um so basically what should happen
7. 0:33is something magical when I click this part um  what happens is when I click it then bro this
8. 0:38part is just flying by it's just like sliding all  the way out to somewhere that's not close to me
9. 0:45because this part does not love me um but yeah I  basically just constantly change the value of one
10. 0:51of its positional values to go in this direction  uh Forever and Ever After I clicked on it so this
11. 0:57is with the use of vector 3 and I'm going to  be showing you how to do this but before we
12. 1:02start implementing Vector 3s I want you to really  understand how this all works and I'm going to do
13. 1:08that by showing you an example all right let's  think about this for a minute so I'm in a game
14. 1:12of Minecraft and I know it's kind of weird but  trust me it'll make sense Minecraft is a 3D game
15. 1:18and it has a 3D world that has three directional  values that correlate to the location of where
16. 1:25the player is inside of the game called The X Y  and Z coordinates and if you want to see these
17. 1:30coordinates you have to press F3 on your keyboard  like this that shows a bunch of Statistics from
18. 1:36of the world that you're currently playing but  we're mostly interested in the X Y and Z values
19. 1:41on the left side so as you can see our X Y and  Z value are X being -16 our y being 63 and then
20. 1:48our Z being 239 if we move around inside of the  workspace uh these values are changing accordingly
21. 1:56to where we are inside of the world so if I move  in this Direction then it's increasing the x value
22. 2:03um every time we move in this direction so this  is called the X Direction and if we move backwards
23. 2:09then we're decreasing our number in the X uh Axis  or coordinate and now let's say we go this way
24. 2:17this is increasing our Z value uh every time we  move forward inside of this direction but if we
25. 2:23move backwards then it's going to continuously  decrease our zv value um the further we go
26. 2:30backwards and the Y which is the which is the  second value like how high we are in the workspace
27. 2:37right now so if I just fly up then you can see  that our yv value is constantly increasing and
28. 2:44if I just drop back down then it goes all the way  back down to where we are um inside of the world
29. 2:50so these are the three positional values um that  represents a vector 3 if you were to compare this
30. 2:56to Roblox but it's essentially the same idea so  this was just something I wanted to show you um
31. 3:02before we start implementing this stuff just so  that you can get a better understanding of what
32. 3:07the heck of vector 3 value is it's pretty much  a vector that comprises of three values called
33. 3:13the x value the yv value and the Z value that can  be used to change values of parts that are inside
34. 3:21of our Roblox world not just with positions both  sizes and rotation and all of that sorts of stuff
35. 3:28so that's what we're going to be doing in this  episode now that we understand it let me show you
36. 3:31what a vector looks like inside of Roblox studio  so on the top right of the screen I don't know if
37. 3:36you have this but this essentially shows us our  directional values with x y and z um to tell us
38. 3:43where inside of Roblox Studio our three axes are  located so if we go this way then it's going to
39. 3:50increase our x value if we go backwards it's  going to decrease our XV value and if we turn
40. 3:55around this way then we increase our zv value by  going this way and of course the yv value it just
41. 4:00it's basically determined by how high you are  versus how low you are so now let's translate
42. 4:04that to a part when we insert it inside of studio  so let's go up here to model and hit part so with
43. 4:11this part we can come down here to cframe and we  can see that there's a property called position
44. 4:17um ignore this position that's inside of the  or origin category we're mainly focused on the
45. 4:23C frame position so this one basically shows us  our X Y and Z coordinates just like in Minecraft
46. 4:29so if we select this part uh select move and move  it in this direction it increases our zv value if
47. 4:39we make it go back this way it decreases our  zv value and if we make the part go this way
48. 4:44it decreases our x value and if we make it go  this way then it increases our x value and of
49. 4:50course the same thing for the yv value increase it  goes up here and then just goes back down here so
50. 4:54that's pretty self-explanatory we can even change  individual values of our X Y and Z position so
51. 5:00we can make this five for example uh this just  makes it five and then for Z we can make it uh
52. 5:0610 it goes this way so you get the basic idea  our position consists of three values X Y and
53. 5:13Z that's basically contained inside of one data  type called a vector 3 and now I'll show you what
54. 5:19it looks like in a script so what we're going to  do is on the right side let's click on the plus
55. 5:24sign and at part and let's insert a script and  we're first going to make reference to our part
56. 5:29which is going to be local part equals script.  parent and then what we'll do is we're going to
57. 5:37change the position of the part when we run the  script inside of our game so currently right now
58. 5:43our position is -12 0.5 And1 let's change it to  something different let's change the position when
59. 5:51we run the script by saying part. position equals  and now you have to understand how to to actually
60. 6:00create this new Vector value um and we will do  that by using a new Constructor and the way it's
61. 6:07going to look is something like this we're going  to say Vector 3. new because we're constructing a
62. 6:15new Vector 3 value full of three different numbers  put inside of here so we're going to say open and
63. 6:21close parentheses and now inside of here we we're  first going to put in our our new x value which
64. 6:28we're going to say 10 and then our new y value  which we'll just say three and then our new Z
65. 6:36value which is going to be let's say 10 again so  effectively this is going to replace the parts
66. 6:42position which is currently this value right here  -12 0.5 And1 to this new value which is going to
67. 6:49be 10 3 and 10 so let's go to the game hit test  we're going to hit run because we don't need to
68. 6:55play the game in order to see this and as you can  see the script ran and it CH automatically changed
69. 7:01the position of this part when we ran this script  to change its position to this new value right
70. 7:09here so to reiterate a vector 3 is a data type  that holds three numbers the x value the Y value
71. 7:16and the Z value to change the position of this  part but Vector 3s can be used for other things
72. 7:22other than positions so if we look more into this  part let's look at some properties that also have
73. 7:28three values so for instance our size has an X Y  and Z our orientation also known as our rotational
74. 7:36value has an X Y and Z so we can use Vector  3es for that and then some other complicated
75. 7:41stuff like assembly linear velocity and assembly  angular velocity that also has X Y and Z values
76. 7:47so anything that has three values that are  comprised of X Y and Z coordinates is deemed
77. 7:52a vector 3 data type now let's do some Vector  operations and what I mean is adding subtracting
78. 7:59multiplying and dividing uh like all those basic  operations with multiple vectors and I'll show
79. 8:05you a really easy example for this one so if we  select our part I don't know if you noticed but
80. 8:10and we have it selected to our move tool then it  automatically shows our x y and z-axis to be able
81. 8:16to change the location of the part but now what  we're going to do is basically take the position
82. 8:22of this current part and add a new Vector to it so  that it'll just move in a certain direction rather
83. 8:29than having a whole new location um and we're  going to do that first by changing the position
84. 8:36of this to something very easy to grasp so let's  just highlight this and make the position at the
85. 8:45origin of 0 0 so we're going to select position  and we're going to and we're going to put in a 0
86. 8:52comma 0 comma 0 and so that's going to be located  at the very origin let's take our our um spawn
87. 9:00location and just move it a little bit so we can  see this part and now our and now our part is in
88. 9:05the origin of the world but let's also move the  base plate down a little bit so that so that the
89. 9:10part has room to be able to move freely without  being clipped through any parts so let's change
90. 9:15the Y value of the base plate to 8.5 so now we  should be able to see the part freely over here
91. 9:26uh with no issues let's also move this um spawn  location a bit over here okay now essentially what
92. 9:31we want to do is take this part have its current  location which is 00 0 and add a number that goes
93. 9:38in the Z Direction like let's say five five in  this direction so first what we're going to do is
94. 9:46go to our script and let's delete this new Vector  3 value that we created and how we're going to
95. 9:52change this position is by obviously getting the  parts position first so we're going to say part.
96. 10:01position plus Vector 3. new and we want to just  change the Z value to wherever currently is + 5
97. 10:14so what we're going to do is first put in our x  value which is going to be zero comma our Y which
98. 10:20is also going to be zero and then finally our Z  value which is going to be five so basically we're
99. 10:26going to take the parts position which is just 0  0 and then add that to a new Vector with 0 05 so
100. 10:36in the end this will end up resulting in a new  Vector 3 position that is 0 05 so let's see what
101. 10:45happens if we hit test and hit run we should see  that when the script fired it moved the position
102. 10:54of this part to what it was at the beginning  which was 0 0 0 and then to 005 and the reason
103. 11:03it looks like this is because we have the part  angered so it was impacted by gravity a little
104. 11:08bit let me just anchor this part so that we can  really see the new Vector change so if we select
105. 11:13the part again then as you can see our position is  now 005 because its original position before the
106. 11:23script ran was 0000 0 and then we added a five  to the Z value to make it 0 0 five I hope this
107. 11:32basic example made sense a little bit because  when we use vectors we are going to be using
108. 11:38computations to get a new result from different  Vector values like adding vectors for instance
109. 11:45and there's also another way of writing this too  instead of just reiterating part. position equals
110. 11:49part. position plus Vector 3. new what we could  do instead is delete this first part and we can
111. 11:56just put in a plus equals this BAS basically  means the same thing as the one we just had
112. 12:01before where we basically take the current Parts  position and add a new Vector to that position
113. 12:09and we should just get the same exact result it  it really comes down to preference which one you
114. 12:13like to do more I'm just letting you know this is  also another way of just taking the current Parts
115. 12:18position and adding a new Vector to it we can even  do this with subtraction and there's two ways of
116. 12:23doing subtractions so the first way is just taking  part. position and then subtract equals Vector 3.
117. 12:31new 005 so just to make this easier let's change  the syntax to part. position minus instead of what
118. 12:42we had before so the part's position is going  to be whatever the position it currently is and
119. 12:48then subtract that by our new Vector here now you  have to be careful that this is supposed to be a
120. 12:55five and not a NE because we are subtracting this  Vector so if we have a five here this essentially
121. 13:02means take the Z value and subtract it by five  so if we go into the game we should see that the
122. 13:08zv value will go in the other direction so it  goes back here so our zv value is now ne5 and
123. 13:16not five there's another way of writing this uh  we can actually do part. position plus Vector 3.
124. 13:24new -5 and this should basically give us the same  result as subtracting a vector three of five so as
125. 13:33you can see it basically did the exact same thing  as we did with subtraction except we kind of just
126. 13:39flipped the signs around because as you know how  math works if you flip signs you can basically get
127. 13:45the same result in this way if you prefer to do it  so I just wanted to let you know that that there's
128. 13:50two ways of making this calculation and then of  course you have multiplication and subtraction
129. 13:55which I hope you know how those two operations  work so so so the way multiplication works is
130. 14:00we're going to replace this plus sign with an  aster so this represents uh multiplication and
131. 14:06we're going to multiply the current Parts position  to whatever uh new value we have here for Vector
132. 14:123 let's get rid of this zv value by putting in  a zero and let's change the x value to uh two
133. 14:19so what it's going to do is it's going to take  the x value of this part which is zero and it's
134. 14:26going to multiply it by two now what should happen  is that it's still going to be in the same place
135. 14:33as it usually is because 0 * 2 is 0 so let's  actually change this position to one so that
136. 14:39we can effectively see the multiplication that we  do with this part so it's a very small difference
137. 14:45but as you can see our x value changed to two  because 1 * 2 is 2 so we effectively made that
138. 14:51calculation and you can pretty much do the same  thing with division it's um basically a forward
139. 14:56slash to represent division and you basically get  the idea I hope so far this is making sense to you
140. 15:02because there is a bunch of math required when it  comes to Vector 3 values in due time the more you
141. 15:08practice the more you'll definitely get better  at it so I believe in you but anyways we dealt
142. 15:12with changing the position of this part but there  are other values we can change that uses Vector
143. 15:183 values like size and rotation or orientation in  this case so let's change those values and so the
144. 15:25way we change the size of a part inside of Studio  is by going to model and going to our scale tool
145. 15:32and it's basically the same way with moving  except we can scale this part uh in whatever
146. 15:38axes we want to scale the part to um whether that  be the x value the yv value or the Z value we can
147. 15:45pretty much do the same thing and this also takes  in a vector 3 value so if we want to change this
148. 15:51through a script we essentially do it the same  way we do with the position so let's go to our
149. 15:56script and let's change the parts size size so  we're going to say part. size equals Vector 3.
150. 16:06new and we can put in some value like four four  and four so it's going to change the size of this
151. 16:14part to forward when we test the game so if we  test it then we should see that the part size
152. 16:20have has been successfully changed to be 4X 4X 4  and we can even do the same thing with rotation
153. 16:27as well what we can do here is drop a line and say  part. orientation equals Vector 3. new and we can
154. 16:40say 25 0 25 let's see what that results in when  we hit run so as you can see the orientation or
155. 16:52the rotation of the part has changed accordingly  to what we said it to do inside of our script so
156. 16:58it's basically the equivalence of our rotation  tool so the red is our x value the the blue is
157. 17:05our zv value and the green is our y value so it's  a bit more confusing and less intuitive for X Y
158. 17:12and Z values for rotation so you're going to have  to be familiar with how uh rotational axes in
159. 17:19orientation works with uh parts or models inside  of the game another thing we can do is multiply
160. 17:25and divide a vector with just a number so in this  case what we can do is we can take the position
161. 17:33of our part and just multiply that Vector value  by a number to then change every value that's
162. 17:40in the vector 3 value and I'll explain to you  what I'm talking about but first let's change
163. 17:45the base position of our part so we're going to  go down here and let's change this position to 1
164. 17:540 and one and let's go to our script so let's  delete these two lines of code right here and
165. 18:01the first thing we're going to do is say part.  position equals part. position and we're going to
166. 18:10multiply this by number so we'll say times 5 you  can take a guess what's going to happen here but
167. 18:16essentially it's going to take every value that's  in this Vector 3 which is 1 0 and one and multiply
168. 18:24all the numbers by five so our x value is one so 1  * 5 is 5 0 * 5 is 0 and then 1 * 5 is 5 from that
169. 18:34we're going to get a result of 505 When We Run the  game like so so if we select this part we can see
170. 18:41that the new position is 505 because we took the  original position of the part which was 0 1 0 and
171. 18:49then we multiplied all those values by five and so  that's how we got the result of this position we
172. 18:56can even do the same thing with division 1 / 5 is  going to give us a pretty small number um so it's
173. 19:03going to have a very small difference but let's  see this very small difference um in play so our
174. 19:10parts should have a position of 0.2 because  1 / 5 is 1/ 15s and in and in decimal that's
175. 19:190.2 so I hope that part makes sense to you we're  going to create a practical use case of vector 3
176. 19:24values by creating a Teleport script whenever the  player joins the game let me show you how this is
177. 19:29going to look so first thing we're going to do is  create a new part so let's go to model part and
178. 19:36let's name let's rename this part to teleport part  let's even change the color of this too to Blue
179. 19:45and let's move this over here now what we're going  to do is create a script inside of server script
180. 19:50service like so and then what we're going to do  is create a player added event so game. players.
181. 19:58player added connect function open parentheses  close parentheses enter the parameter here is
182. 20:06going to be player one thing we have to do is  know how we can actually teleport our character to
183. 20:14another position inside of the game so I'm going  to show you how we're going to do that right now
184. 20:18if we open up workspace and go to our character  and open this up we can see that there's a prop
185. 20:24there's a part here called humanoid root Parts  it's kind kind of hard to see the humanoid root
186. 20:29part but essentially it's like an invisible box  that's surrounding our torso area much like our
187. 20:36upper torso so we can actually see our upper  torso here but our humanoid root part is like
188. 20:41this invisible part that basically connects all  of the attachments to our character together into
189. 20:48one and so we're going to be changing the position  of this humanoid root part to the position of our
190. 20:55teleport part in order to move our character from  where we currently are to that part over there so
191. 21:02that's what we're going to be doing so now that  we understand that let's locate the humanoid root
192. 21:06part by first making reference to the humanoid  root part so we're going to say local humanoid
193. 21:13root part equals player. character and we're going  to wait until the player's character completely
194. 21:22loads into the game so we're first going to say so  we're going to say colon wait for child so we're
195. 21:29going to have the script wait until a humanoid  root part exists inside of the characters so in
196. 21:35quotations we're going to say humanoid root part  and then down here we're going to say humanoid
197. 21:44root part. position so we're going to modify the  position of the current humanoid root part equal
198. 21:51to game. workpace do teleport part Doos so in  these two lines of code we're basically getting
199. 22:04the humanoid root part from the player's character  and then we're going to change that position to
200. 22:10the position of this teleport over teleport part  over here um after the player has joined the game
201. 22:16so if we hit play okay so there's a little error  here um there isn't enough time for the script
202. 22:22to wait until the player joins into the game so we  can either do this in two ways uh one is by adding
203. 22:28a task. weight function or we can add in another  event that calls the character every time every
204. 22:35time their character loads into the game or resets  so for the sake of Simplicity let's just add a
205. 22:40task. weight to this event so we're going to say  task. wait and then we're going to wait 5 seconds
206. 22:46before the script runs so let's go into the game  and hit play and after we wait about 5 seconds
207. 22:51it's going to locate the characters humanoid  report and then we should be able to teleport just
208. 22:55fine so as you can see our character did indeed  teleport to the part the part's position but then
209. 23:02we kind of slid off a little bit because if we're  teleporting our player to the direct position of
210. 23:08this part it's going to literally be inside of  this part so what we can do we can add a y value
211. 23:14of five so that the player spawns right on top  of the part not in the part so we're going to go
212. 23:21over here and let me just zoom out a little bit  and we're going to add in a new vector by saying
213. 23:28plus Vector 3. new 0 comma 5 comma 0 so it's going  to take the teleport Parts position and add five
214. 23:40to the height or the yv value so that the player  spawns right on top of it not inside of the part
215. 23:46so let's go into the game and see our change after  about 5 Seconds it should spawn our character on
216. 23:51top of the part not in the part so there you  go our teleport script should be working just
217. 23:55fine I hope this introduction to Vector 3s served  you well um I'm not going to go over every single
218. 24:01thing that Vector 3s have to offer because this  just serves as an introduction to get your foot
219. 24:07in the door to be able to understand Vector 3s  for your future Roblox projects because Vector
220. 24:133s they it's a complicated data type and it'll  only get more complicated from here so I highly
221. 24:19encourage you to read the documentations for  Vector 3s maybe look up more tutorial guides
222. 24:25from other YouTubers who've talked about uh Vector  3s as well so that you can really understand how
223. 24:31you can use these Vector 3 data types in your  Roblox games again I hope this introduction to
224. 24:37Vector 3 served you well continue to improve your  Roblox developer skills because sitting down and
225. 24:42struggling through things that are tough for you  will make you a more competent Roblox developer
226. 24:47in the long run and I believe you got this  so that's going to be for this episode join
227. 24:51my Discord server the link is in the description  and I will see you in the next episode take care