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TLE 8 QUARTER 2 WEEK 4 DAY 1 OHS Hazard and Its Types PART2 — Transcript

by maestrider_phine · 2,227 words · 412 segments · language en · Watch on YouTube

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0:02Occupational safety and health OSH
0:04hazards in fisheries.
0:07OSH is a risk associated with working in
0:09specific occupations. The Occupational
0:12Safety and Health Administration OSHA
0:14describes five categories of
0:15occupational hazards. Ergonomic health,
0:18physical health, biological,
0:20psychological health, environmental, and
0:23chemical risk factors. Ergonomic health.
0:25It is the science of fitting jobs to
0:27workers instead of trying to get the
0:29worker to fit the job. It focuses on
0:31designing workstations, tools, and work
0:33tasks for safety, efficiency, and
0:35comfort. Ergonomics seeks to decrease
0:38fatigue and injuries along with
0:39increasing comfort, productivity, job
0:42satisfaction, and safety because work
0:44injuries are not inevitable, and a
0:46well-designed job should not hurt you.
0:48Ergonomics is important because when
0:50you're doing a job and your body is
0:52stressed by an awkward posture, extreme
0:54temperature, or repeated movement, your
0:56muscularkeeletal system is affected.
0:58Your body may begin to have symptoms
1:00such as fatigue, discomfort, and pain,
1:02which can be the first signs of a
1:04muscularkeeletal disorder.
1:06What are muscularkeeletal disorders or
1:08MSDs? Muscularkeeletal disorders or MSDs
1:11are cumulative and chronic injuries of
1:13the soft tissue muscles, tendons,
1:15ligaments, nerves, joints, and blood
1:18vessels. The body has limits and can
1:20fail or wear out when abused or misused.
1:23MSDs are defined as injuries to muscles,
1:25tendons, ligaments, joints, nerves, and
1:28discs that are caused or aggravated by
1:30our actions and or environment that does
1:32not follow safe and healthy work
1:33practices. A well-known MSD is carpal
1:36tunnel syndrome which occurs when the
1:38nerve which runs from the forearm into
1:40the palm of the hand becomes pressed or
1:42squeezed at the wrist. The carpal
1:44tunnel, a narrow rigid passageway of
1:46ligament and bones at the base of the
1:48hand, houses the five median nerves and
1:50tendons. Sometimes thickening from
1:52irritated tendons or other swelling
1:54narrows the tunnel and causes the median
1:56nerve to be compressed resulting in
1:58pain, weakness, loss of grip or numbness
2:00in the hand and wrist radiating up the
2:02arm. Symptoms
2:05of MSDS: Pain, weakness, stiffness,
2:09sensitivity, swelling, burning
2:11sensation, tingling, drowsiness,
2:13difficulty moving, clumsiness, ergonomic
2:16risk factors, force, heaving, lifting,
2:19push or pull, carrying, gripping,
2:21awkward or prolonged postures,
2:23repetitive activities, overhead work,
2:26contact stress, vibration. Some ways to
2:29reduce ergonomic risks. Engineering
2:31improvements rearrange, modify, redesign
2:35or replace tools, equipment or
2:37workstations, packaging, parts or
2:39products. It help reduce risks, improve
2:42comfort and support healthy posture.
2:45Example, use an adjustable chair or foot
2:47stool so knees are higher than hips to
2:49protects lower back. Administrative
2:52improvements. Administrative
2:54improvements include changing work
2:55practices or the way work is organized.
2:58Providing variety in jobs, adjusting
3:00work schedules and work pace, providing
3:03recovery time, i.e. muscle relaxation
3:06time, modifying work practices, ensuring
3:09regular housekeeping and maintenance of
3:11workspaces, tools, and equipment.
3:13encouraging exercise.
3:16Personal protective equipment, safety
3:18gear, or personal protective equipment,
3:20PPE, includes gloves, knee and elbow
3:22pads, footwear, and other items that
3:25employees wear.
3:27Physical health refer to the potential
3:29risks that can cause physical harm or
3:30injury to workers due to physical
3:32agents, factors or conditions present in
3:34the workplace. Types of physical
3:37hazards. The main factors and conditions
3:39associated with physical hazards include
3:41one, body stressing. Body stress is a
3:44collective term covering a broad range
3:46of health problems associated with
3:47repetitive and strenuous work. Factors
3:50influencing body stress. Body stressing
3:52injuries or muscularkeeletal disorders
3:55MSD often develop from ergonomic hazards
3:58or carrying out hazardous manual tasks.
4:00Body stressing injuries at work can
4:02result from a variety of factors.
4:04Psychosocial aspects of work. Factors
4:07such as job demands, control, support
4:09and satisfaction, imbalance between
4:11effort and reward and monotony of tasks.
4:14Financial concerns or relationship
4:16issues may also contribute.
4:17Biomechanical soft tissue damage which
4:20may occur through direct exposure, blunt
4:22trauma or sudden overload leading to a
4:25muscle tear or sprain or indirect
4:27exposure, repeated light loading leading
4:30to symptoms that may accumulate to cause
4:32further degeneration and injury.
4:34Individual worker characteristics.
4:36Factors including health problems or out
4:38of hours demands.
4:40Electricity. Electric shock through poor
4:42electrical installation and faulty
4:44appliances can cause serious injury and
4:46even death. It can result in death from
4:49electrocution, burn injuries to skin and
4:51internal tissue as well as damage to the
4:53heart. Other injuries such as falling
4:55from ladders and heights, muscle spasms,
4:58palpitations and unconsciousness.
5:00Heat. Heat strain can result from
5:02working in hot temperatures and being
5:04exposed to high levels of humidity or
5:06thermal radiation such as in foundaries,
5:08commercial kitchens, and when working in
5:11extreme heat conditions, you must be
5:13able to carry out work without a risk to
5:15your health and safety so far as is
5:17reasonably practicable. Heights. Working
5:19at heights is a high-risisk activity and
5:21a leading cause of death and serious
5:23injury. Noise. Noise in the workplace is
5:26considered excessive when you need to
5:28raise your voice to be heard by someone
5:29a meter away. Excessive noise can lead
5:32to temporary or permanent hearing loss
5:34or tinidis, ringing in the ears. It can
5:36also affect psychological health
5:38including anxiety, depression, fatigue,
5:41sleeplessness, memory, and
5:42decision-making. Vibration. There are
5:45risks connected to working with
5:46vibrating equipment and plant which need
5:48to be assessed and managed. Evidence
5:51also shows that people who experience
5:52vibration and noise at the same time are
5:54more likely to suffer hearing loss and
5:56muscularkeeletal problems than people
5:58exposed to noise or vibration alone.
6:01Biological health. Biological hazards,
6:04also known as biohazards, are organic
6:06substances that pose a threat to the
6:08health of living organisms, primarily
6:10humans. This category includes pathogens
6:13such as viruses, bacteria, fungi,
6:16parasites, and other microorganisms that
6:18can cause infections. They also include
6:20biological toxins, allergens, and
6:23biological vectors that can carry
6:25diseases across different species.
6:27Biological hazards can affect the human
6:29body in several ways depending on the
6:31nature of the hazard and the route of
6:33exposure. The primary roots of entry
6:35into the body are examples of biological
6:38hazards. Inhalation, breathing, and
6:40airborne pathogens or toxins can lead to
6:42respiratory infections or conditions.
6:45Examples include tuberculosis bacteria
6:47or the spores of fungi. Skin contact.
6:50Some biohazards can enter through cuts
6:52or abrasions in the skin or can cause
6:54infections or allergic reactions upon
6:55contact. For instance, bloodborne
6:58pathogens like HIV and hepatitis B virus
7:01can enter through open wounds. Ingestion
7:04consuming contaminated food or water can
7:06result in gastrointestinal illnesses. E.
7:09coli or salmonella bacteria are common
7:12causes of food born diseases.
7:14Inoculation. This occurs when a pathogen
7:17is introduced into the body through a
7:18puncture, needlestick injury or a bite
7:20from an infected vector like a mosquito
7:23carrying the dingi virus. Mucous
7:25membrane exposure. Pathogens can enter
7:28the body through the eyes, nose or
7:29mouth. For example, conjunctivitis can
7:32be caused by certain viruses or bacteria
7:35entering the eye.
7:37Control measures for biohazards. One,
7:39prevent spread. Avoid aerosols and dust
7:42during processes, cleaning and
7:44maintenance. Two, maintain hygiene. Good
7:46housekeeping and hygienic work
7:48procedures. Post warning signs in
7:50hazardous areas. Three, decontamination
7:53and disposal. Decontaminate waste,
7:55equipment, and clothing. Provide
7:57hygienic facilities for workers. Ensure
8:00safe waste disposal procedures. Four,
8:02emergency preparedness. Clear
8:04instructions for emergencies. First aid
8:07measures in place. Psychosocial health.
8:10Psychosocial hazards refer to the
8:12stressors and factors in the workplace
8:13or environment that can cause emotional
8:15distress or mental health issues in
8:17individuals. They are increasingly
8:19recognized as major challenges to
8:21occupational health and safety.
8:23Psychosocial hazards are aspects of work
8:25design, organization, and management as
8:28well as social and environmental factors
8:30that have the potential to cause
8:31psychological or physical harm. Examples
8:34of psychosocial hazards. Work stress.
8:37This can be caused by a variety of
8:38factors such as high workloads, tight
8:40deadlines, lack of control over work,
8:43and poor organizational support. Chronic
8:45work stress can lead to burnout, which
8:47is characterized by exhaustion,
8:49cynicism, and reduced professional
8:51efficacy. Workplace violence. This
8:54includes bullying, harassment, and
8:56physical violence from colleagues,
8:58managers, or members of the public. It
9:00can lead to physical injury as well as
9:02psychological trauma. Work life balance.
9:05Poor work life balance due to long hours
9:07or shift work can lead to stress and
9:08conflict between work and family or
9:10personal life. Job insecurity.
9:13Uncertainty about the future of one's
9:15job can be a significant source of
9:16stress and anxiety. Poor organizational
9:19culture. A workplace that lacks policies
9:22for promoting respect and fair treatment
9:24may lead to a toxic work environment.
9:26Lack of participation and control.
9:28Having little influence over one's job
9:30or working conditions can lead to
9:31dissatisfaction, stress, and a feeling
9:34of lack of control. Environmental
9:36Environmental Health is a field that
9:38focuses on how the natural and human
9:40built surroundings as well as behaviors
9:42affect human well-being. The field is
9:44concerned with preventing disease,
9:46death, and disability by reducing
9:48exposure to environmental hazards and
9:50promoting behavioral change.
9:51Environmental hazards are threats to
9:53human health and well-being. The
9:55importance of workplace health. The
9:57world of work is evolving rapidly and
9:59employee health has become a major
10:01concern. The CO 19 pandemic has
10:04heightened this awareness emphasizing
10:06the importance of a healthy work
10:07environment. Studies indicate that
10:10companies implementing a proactive
10:11approach to prevention and occupational
10:13health and safety standards OS have
10:16employees who are healthy, safe, and
10:17perform well. Employee health stands as
10:20a fundamental pillar within a company's
10:22overall framework. Healthy employees are
10:24more engaged, productive, and less prone
10:27to extended absences or workplace
10:28accidents.
10:30The role of occupational health
10:32prevention services in environmental
10:34monitoring. OPS ensures the protection
10:36and promotion of workers health. Assess
10:39occupational risks related to the work
10:41environment. Monitor exposure to
10:43pollutants, chemical agents, solvents,
10:45fumes, dust, physical agents, noise,
10:48heat, radiation, biological agents,
10:51bacteria, viruses, mold.
10:54Impact and importance of OPS monitoring.
10:57Risk assessments support preventive
10:59measures and action plans. Helps reduce
11:01occupational accidents and work-related
11:03illnesses. Work-related health issues
11:05cost 4 to 6% of GDP globally. WH
11:09promotes regulatory compliance, healthy
11:12and safe work environment, employee
11:14well-being and productivity.
11:17Potential environmental risk hazards and
11:19effects on employee health. The
11:20environmental risks to which employees
11:22are exposed can vary depending on the
11:24industry, type of work performed, and
11:26geographical location. Here are some of
11:28the environmental risks commonly
11:30encountered by workers. Air pollution,
11:32possibility of exposure to various
11:34pollutants and chemicals in the service
11:36sector. pollutants such as fine
11:38particles, carbon dioxide, CO2, nitrogen
11:42dioxide number two, or volatile organic
11:44compounds, vox or light, VOLC's are
11:48found. Noise pollution, exposure to high
11:51levels of noise from machinery,
11:53equipment, or industrial processes.
11:56According to the INRS, National
11:58Institute for Research and Safety, noise
12:00represents a significant nuisance in the
12:02workplace. Thermal comfort. High
12:04temperature can lead to heat strokes,
12:07dehydration, and discomfort with
12:09potentially serious health consequences.
12:11Low temperature exposing workers to cold
12:14conditions can result in frostbite,
12:16hypothermia, and circulatory problems.
12:19The benefits of environmental
12:20monitoring, detects health risks,
12:23identifies harmful exposures early.
12:25Prevents occupational diseases. Reduces
12:28risks from chemicals, carcinogens, etc.
12:31Ensures regulatory compliance. Meets O
12:33standards. Avoids legal sanctions.
12:36Improves productivity. Fewer absences.
12:39Lower costs. Higher output. Raises
12:41employee awareness. Educates workers to
12:43adopt safe behaviors. Tracks trends and
12:46interventions. Evaluates and improves
12:48prevention strategies.
12:50Chemical. Chemical hazards mean any
12:52organic or inorganic substance of a
12:54particular identity, any element or
12:56uncombbined chemical and any combination
12:58of such substances or any mixture or two
13:00or more chemical substances. Inhalation,
13:04skin absorption, ingestion or contact
13:06with harmful substances can pose risks.
13:09In various industries, these substances
13:11can be present in the form of liquids,
13:13solids, gases, mist, dusts, fumes, and
13:16vapors. Examples of chemical hazards,
13:19toxic substances. These can cause
13:21various health effects ranging from mild
13:23irritation to severe health conditions,
13:25including organ damage and cancer.
13:28Toxicity can depend on the dose,
13:30duration of exposure, and the nature of
13:32the chemical. Corrosives. Chemicals like
13:35acids and bases can cause burns on
13:37contact with skin or eyes. They can also
13:39damage respiratory tissues if inhaled
13:41and can corrode metal equipment.
13:43Irritants. These substances may not
13:45cause immediate damage but can lead to
13:47inflammation or irritation of the skin,
13:49eyes, nose or throat with exposure.
13:52Sensitizers. Sensitizers can lead to
13:55allergic reactions upon exposure.
13:57Repeated exposure can increase
13:58sensitivity and lead to several
14:00reactions like dermatitis or respiratory
14:02issues. Carcinogens. These are
14:05substances that are known or suspected
14:06to cause cancer. Regular exposure even
14:09at low levels can be dangerous over
14:11time. Mutagens. Mutagenic chemicals can
14:15cause changes in the DNA of exposed
14:17individuals leading to genetic
14:18mutations. Reproductive toxins. These
14:21chemicals affect reproductive
14:23capabilities, including fertility
14:25issues, developmental disorders, and
14:27birth defects. Affixient. These
14:30chemicals either consume or displace
14:32oxygen in the air or interfere with the
14:33body's ability to transport or utilize
14:35oxygen leading to suffocation. Carbon
14:38monoxide is a well-known example.
14:40Neurotoxins, substances that have
14:43harmful effects on the nervous system,
14:44leading to symptoms such as dizziness,
14:46tremors, and in severe cases, brain
14:48damage. Systemic toxins. These affect
14:52entire body systems or multiple organs
14:54such as the liver, kidneys, or the
14:56central nervous system.
15:01Lesson activity.
15:08Spot the hazard. How observant are you?
15:10Do you know what it takes to spot the
15:12hazards in these photos? Photo one. What
15:15do you think are the ergonomic hazards
15:17in this photo? Enter three hazards
15:19below. Enter safety hazards below. Photo
15:22two. What do you think are the physical
15:24hazards in this photo? Enter three
15:26hazards below. Enter safety hazards
15:28below. How can these safety practices be
15:31applied at home, school, or community?

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