Theodore Roosevelt Biography — Transcript
Full transcript
- 0:02at the turn of the century this man
- 0:04spoke of strength of courage and honor
- 0:07and the entire nation was caught up by
- 0:09his Spirit the principles for which we
- 0:13stand are the principles of fair pray
- 0:17and a square deal for every man and
- 0:21every woman in the United States I wish
- 0:25to see you boys join the party and act
- 0:30in that body in the same way I'd expect
- 0:35any one of you to act in a football game
- 0:39in other words don't Flinch don't F and
- 0:44hit the line hard he carried a big stick
- 0:48but he seldom spoke softly his name
- 0:51Theodore Roosevelt and this is his
- 0:54biography
- 1:21[Music]
- 1:25the
- 1:31I'm Mike Wallace this is biography our
- 1:34story Theodore
- 1:36Roosevelt Teddy Roosevelt was a dynamic
- 1:38leader he was the colonel who led the
- 1:41charge up San Juan Hill in the Spanish
- 1:43American war he was the president they
- 1:45called the trustbuster he was the
- 1:48Statesman who told his country to speak
- 1:50softly and carry a big
- 1:52stick the night he died a close friend
- 1:55remarked death had to catch him asleep
- 1:57or if Roosevelt had been awake there
- 1:59would have been a
- 2:00fight that's the kind of man he
- 2:04was Theodore Roosevelt the 26th
- 2:08president of the United States he was a
- 2:11man of Boundless Energy of deep
- 2:13conviction and his personal magnetism
- 2:16was such that a rival politician
- 2:18complained when he is in the
- 2:19neighborhood the public can no more turn
- 2:21away than a small boy can turn from a
- 2:23circus parade to the American people he
- 2:26was a symbol of strength and vitality
- 2:30yet Theodore Roosevelt began Life as a
- 2:32weak and sickly
- 2:39child New York City
- 2:421863 this handsome townhouse is
- 2:45virtually a present to 5-year-old Teddy
- 2:48roselt crippled by asthma he wistfully
- 2:51admires healthy children the free the
- 2:54active and most of all the
- 2:57strong young Teddy is thrilled by stor
- 3:00is of the Civil War raging in the South
- 3:02to be a soldier he thinks is to be a
- 3:05real
- 3:06man Teddy's mother a gentle cultivated
- 3:09woman Ador her delicate son but Theodore
- 3:12Roosevelt senior a prominent lawyer is
- 3:14determined that his son will not be
- 3:16coddled you must make your body he tells
- 3:19Teddy it is hard drudgery but I know you
- 3:22will do
- 3:23it by the time he enters Harvard
- 3:25University to study law he is a vigorous
- 3:28young man he is come to love sports and
- 3:31the rugged outdoor Life by Joe he writes
- 3:35I enjoy every moment I
- 3:37live and he especially enjoys the
- 3:40company of Alice Lee a beautiful Boston
- 3:43debutant a few months after Teddy's
- 3:45graduation from Harvard he and Alice are
- 3:49married and the young couple's future
- 3:51does seem assured they have social
- 3:53position and a trust fund brings Teddy a
- 3:56regular income but one year later he
- 3:59shocks his aristocratic friends and
- 4:01relatives by taking up an ungentlemanly
- 4:03career Teddy becomes a politician he is
- 4:06elected as a republican to the New York
- 4:08State
- 4:09Legislature and astonishes his
- 4:11colleagues by attacking the ruling
- 4:13political machine tamy Hall but then
- 4:17Teddy's mother dies of typhoid fever and
- 4:20only 4 hours later his wife dies in
- 4:23childb
- 4:24[Music]
- 4:26birth Teddy seeks Escape he buys a ranch
- 4:30in North Dakota and throws himself into
- 4:32the hard life of a
- 4:35cowand here he goes out of his way to
- 4:37court discomfort and danger and in time
- 4:40he realizes a Boyhood
- 4:43dream he becomes a hardened
- 4:48Adventurer he returns East and marries
- 4:51again in 1886 his bride is Edith Carol a
- 4:55friend since
- 4:57childhood resuming his career in
- 4:59politics he receives a Washington
- 5:00appointment as civil service
- 5:02commissioner in Washington
- 5:04DC his startling aggressiveness in this
- 5:07minor position makes him the talk of
- 5:10Washington after a few years Teddy moves
- 5:13to another job that calls for a
- 5:15crusader as police commissioner of New
- 5:18York City he enthusiastically fights
- 5:20corruption but he's impatient and he
- 5:22wants an even bigger
- 5:24challenge in 1897 he wins a post as
- 5:28assistant Secretary of the Navy in
- 5:29president McKinley's new
- 5:32Administration then February 15th 1898
- 5:36the battleship main blows up in Havana
- 5:39Harbor and a wave of indignation against
- 5:41Spain sweeps the nation McKinley
- 5:44declares
- 5:46war Teddy seizes the opportunity to
- 5:48become a soldier he organizes a
- 5:51volunteer regiment bringing together cow
- 5:54hands and gamblers from the west and
- 5:56Polo playing Harvard boys from the East
- 5:59they call themselves Roosevelt's Rough
- 6:03Riders they are amateur soldiers but
- 6:06their enthusiasm runs
- 6:09high and newly commissioned Lieutenant
- 6:12Colonel Theodore Roosevelt is the most
- 6:14enthusiastic of
- 6:17all Teddy slashes through red tape to
- 6:20get his men to Cuba he's afraid that the
- 6:22war will end before he can see
- 6:25action finally on July 1st 1898 Teddy
- 6:29get his chance at the head of his troops
- 6:31he leads a charge up San Juan Hill I
- 6:34waved my hat he recalls and up the hill
- 6:37we
- 6:52went Teddy and his Rough Riders emerge
- 6:54as the most colorful Heroes of the
- 6:57war his Fame and popular he catapult him
- 7:00into a race for governor of New York
- 7:03Teddy the Rough Rider is presented to
- 7:05the voters as the man who can clean up
- 7:07the Scandal ridden state
- 7:09housee after a hard campaign he is
- 7:14elected he is 42 but still almost
- 7:17boyishly
- 7:20vigorous Teddy loves his role as head of
- 7:22a bustling energetic family he's a
- 7:25wonderful father warm-hearted and full
- 7:27of fun he boasts I I have the happiest
- 7:30home life of any man I have ever
- 7:34known here he can momentarily forget the
- 7:36intrigues of fellow Republicans who are
- 7:39already looking for a way to ease him
- 7:41out of office for them he is too much of
- 7:44a
- 7:46rebel the party bosses make their move
- 7:49at the Republican convention in
- 7:511900 they nominate Teddy for an
- 7:53impressive but traditionally powerless
- 7:57position against his will t runs for
- 8:00vice president on the McKinley
- 8:04ticket the Republicans easily win the
- 8:06election and Teddy is put away on the
- 8:08back shelf of the vice
- 8:12presidency but one of Teddy's most
- 8:14bitter opponents political boss Mark
- 8:16Hannah is worried now he complains there
- 8:19is only one light between this madman
- 8:22and the White
- 8:24House
- 8:2619001 on September 6 president McKinley
- 8:29attends the Pan-American Exposition in
- 8:33Buffalo an assassin
- 8:38strike a week later President William
- 8:41McKinley is
- 8:43dead Theodore Rosevelt the man who was
- 8:46made vice president to thwart his
- 8:48political career now takes over the
- 8:51nation's highest
- 8:54office at first Teddy is dazed by his
- 8:57new position he pledges to go slow and
- 9:00continue McKinley's conservative
- 9:02policies some newspapers hail Teddy's
- 9:05apparent change of heart he is an
- 9:07entirely different man today one reports
- 9:10hopefully then in May of
- 9:1319002 147,000 miners strike in eastern
- 9:17Pennsylvania the mine operators refuse
- 9:19even to negotiate with the workers they
- 9:21are out to break the union the strike
- 9:24drags on for 6
- 9:26months with winter coming on school and
- 9:29hospitals are without heat the cold
- 9:31shortage creates a National
- 9:34Emergency Teddy forgets his promise of
- 9:37moderation he shocks the conservatives
- 9:39by threatening to send the Army in to
- 9:41operate the mine and the strike is
- 9:45settled it is the first time a president
- 9:48has personally interfered to break a
- 9:50deadlock between capital and
- 9:54labor
- 9:5519004 an election year and a time of
- 9:58Crisis for Teddy
- 10:00Rosevelt to be reelected Teddy must go
- 10:02directly to the
- 10:04people Teddy makes sure that his message
- 10:06reaches every interested voter he tours
- 10:09the country making an exhausting
- 10:11schedule of
- 10:13speeches The Prestige of the United
- 10:15State is a major issue Americans are
- 10:18proud of their growing strength but
- 10:19Teddy warns them that the nation is
- 10:21still considered a minor world power we
- 10:24are a great people he says and we must
- 10:27play a great part in the world
- 10:29all we can decide is whether we shall
- 10:31play it well or
- 10:33ill but on the eve of election Teddy
- 10:36feels that he has failed to win popular
- 10:38support he fears that the public may not
- 10:41be ready for his bold
- 10:43policies the huge crowds which have
- 10:46turned out to hear his fighting speeches
- 10:48seem more Curious than inspired and
- 10:51Teddy Roosevelt is convinced that the
- 10:53American people will consign him to
- 10:55political Oblivion
- 11:02[Music]
- 11:05Washington DC
- 11:0619005 a large and enthusiastic crowd
- 11:10gathers to cheer Teddy Rosevelt he has
- 11:12been returned to office by a landslide
- 11:15vote I had no conception that such a
- 11:17thing was possible he says at last I am
- 11:20no longer a political
- 11:22accident full of assurance Rosevelt
- 11:25throws the nation into the arena of
- 11:26international
- 11:28politics kedy boldly offers himself as a
- 11:31mediator in the Russo Japanese
- 11:34war responding to his invitation
- 11:36diplomats from both countries meet at
- 11:38Portsmouth New Hampshire in August of
- 11:41195 and at this conference arranged by
- 11:44Roosevelt they quickly reach agreement
- 11:47his new Administration has its first
- 11:49resounding Triumph on the international
- 11:53scene now Teddy decides on a bold move
- 11:56to demonstrate the United States
- 11:58military
- 12:01capability he orders 16 American
- 12:04warships to cirle the globe on what he
- 12:06calls a Goodwill
- 12:08Cruise the Great White Fleet visits
- 12:11various major foreign
- 12:13ports and leaves a lasting impression of
- 12:15America's power to dominate the high
- 12:19seas but the United States has only one
- 12:22Fleet and two great coastlines to defend
- 12:26to ensure the safety of his country
- 12:28Teddy is determined to realize a dream
- 12:30which has fascinated Engineers the
- 12:34centuries to link the Atlantic and
- 12:36Pacific Oceans by a canal across the
- 12:38narrow ismiss of
- 12:41Panama in the 1880s a French company had
- 12:44attempted the project but disease and
- 12:46Engineering difficulties brought
- 12:48bankruptcy and total
- 12:51failure the United States government is
- 12:54now ready to try where the French had
- 12:57failed but the Latin American nation of
- 12:59Colombia which controls Panama will not
- 13:01agree to sell the needed land at a price
- 13:04Teddy Roosevelt considers
- 13:08reasonable suddenly a revolution erupts
- 13:11in Panama
- 13:16City as the fighting rages American
- 13:19warships appear off the coast of Panama
- 13:21and they leave only after the Colombian
- 13:24government has been
- 13:26overthrown within 10 days Teddy has
- 13:29purchased from the new Colombian
- 13:30government a 6mile wide strip of land
- 13:33Bridging the isness of Panama Teddy
- 13:37admits that he has used unusual tactics
- 13:39to get the canal
- 13:41underway if i' followed conventional
- 13:43methods he explains Congress would still
- 13:45be debating now while the debate Goes On
- 13:49the Canal does
- 13:51also the greatest obstacle is disease a
- 13:55giant sanitation project is necessary
- 13:57before Construction can
- 14:00continue the Panama Canal is the biggest
- 14:03costliest and most difficult Public
- 14:05Works project the country has ever
- 14:17attempt but finally success the Mariners
- 14:22map of the world is drastically alter
- 14:25New York has brought 8,000 sea miles
- 14:28closer to San
- 14:30Francisco the Panama Canal is held as a
- 14:33monument to American Technical genius
- 14:37and to the determination of Teddy
- 14:44Rosell in Washington Teddy continues to
- 14:47carry on his unrelenting battle against
- 14:49the
- 14:52trusts monopolies in railroads steel
- 14:55sugar and other basic Industries have
- 14:57gained colossal economic power power and
- 15:00they are all but free of
- 15:02Regulation instead they often control
- 15:04the government the United States Senate
- 15:07is even called the millionaires
- 15:09Club Teddy's attack on the trusts is
- 15:12direct and Powerful his big stick policy
- 15:16is a combination of public outrage court
- 15:18rulings and the president's withering
- 15:21scorn Court battles drag on for years
- 15:24but never again will the presidency be
- 15:26subject to the will of the Tycoon
- 15:31at the end of his ter in Office teddy
- 15:33feels bound to honor a longstanding
- 15:35pledge not to run again he is begged to
- 15:38accept the nomination but he firmly
- 15:40refuses instead Teddy handpicks his
- 15:43successor William Howard Taff who has
- 15:46been Secretary of War in the Rosevelt
- 15:49cabinet Taff carries the election with
- 15:52ease but he is considered little more
- 15:54than Teddy Roosevelt's obedient Shadow
- 15:57when he takes office
- 15:59Teddy is determined to leave political
- 16:01Warriors behind and to
- 16:04relax so he sails for Africa on an
- 16:06extended
- 16:08Safari for 11 months Teddy wanders in
- 16:11the Wilds engrossed in nature study and
- 16:14hunting for long periods he's content in
- 16:17the African Wilderness facing no
- 16:19diplomatic problem greater than deciding
- 16:21who gets the first shot at a
- 16:24lion on his way home Teddy is welcomed
- 16:27in Europe with the dignity and ceremon
- 16:29due the leader of a major
- 16:31Nation to most Europeans he is still the
- 16:34president of the United
- 16:39States He is showered With
- 16:43Honor I feel he says that if I met
- 16:46another king I should bite
- 16:50him in Norway he accepts the Nobel Peace
- 16:54Prize for his role in ending the Russo
- 16:56Japanese war
- 17:03June 10th 1910 Teddy arrives in New York
- 17:07City his friends and admirers welcome
- 17:09him home with noisy enthusiasm but TFT
- 17:13is conspicuously
- 17:15absent for a Time Teddy rests in
- 17:18seclusion at home at Sagamore Hill but
- 17:21inevitably he is drawn back into
- 17:23politics tap's enemies come to him from
- 17:26all over the nation daily he hears
- 17:29reports that ta is becoming a
- 17:31conservative president but he is not
- 17:33carrying on the Roosevelt
- 17:36tradition during the country Teddy
- 17:39accuses Taft of being a weak president
- 17:41of being soft on big business soon it is
- 17:45clear that he and Taft will contend for
- 17:48the nomination in
- 17:511912 Taft replies to the challenge I do
- 17:55not want to fight Teddy Rosell he tells
- 17:57the public but sometimes s a man in a
- 17:59corner fights and I am going to
- 18:03fight the 1912 Republican convention
- 18:06brings The Showdown after a Bitner
- 18:09struggle Taft wins the nomination and
- 18:12the support of conservative
- 18:13Republicans Teddy walks out taking the
- 18:16liberal faction with him in the heat of
- 18:18anger and disappointment he makes a
- 18:20faithful decision he will run in the
- 18:23election as an independent I am as fit
- 18:26as a bull moose Teddy says early in the
- 18:28campaign
- 18:29and the B moose becomes the symbol of
- 18:31his Renegade
- 18:33Party Teddy accuses Taft of giving up
- 18:36national sovereignty and of going to any
- 18:39lengths to prevent conflict with other
- 18:42nations Taff feels he is being accused
- 18:44simply of not being Teddy roselt and in
- 18:47the end the only man who benefits by the
- 18:50contest is the Democratic candidate
- 18:53woodro
- 18:54Wilson the bulm party is disbanded Teddy
- 18:59turns back to his private life tired and
- 19:02embittered by failure he has always
- 19:04drawn strength from living close to
- 19:06Nature and now he again becomes
- 19:08engrossed in the study of Wildlife and
- 19:11conservation on field trips he's happy
- 19:13to be left to
- 19:18himself despite his political setbacks
- 19:21Teddy remains a popular hero he's a
- 19:24leader in the Boy Scout movement and an
- 19:26avid Outdoorsman he Delights the public
- 19:29with his enthusiasm for exercise and
- 19:31good hard work more than any other
- 19:34Statesman of his time he is admired by
- 19:36the average American
- 19:48citizen in 1913 Teddy travels to South
- 19:52America from Brazilian officials he
- 19:54hears of an unexplored jungle stream
- 19:57called the river of doubt
- 19:59this has the sound of
- 20:01Adventure despite warnings that this is
- 20:03a venture for younger men he leaves an
- 20:06expedition to chart the desolate
- 20:08territory Teddy drives himself hard
- 20:11elated at the prospect of challenging
- 20:13the Wilderness once more
- 20:29but he emerges from the jungle exhausted
- 20:32and with a seriously injured
- 20:34leg I had to go he sadly explains it was
- 20:39my last chance to be a
- 20:43boy 1916 war is Raging in Europe the
- 20:48nation is caught up in a violent
- 20:50controversy should the United States Aid
- 20:52England or remain neutral as long as
- 20:54possible President Wilson reelected by a
- 20:57slim margin leads for the American
- 20:59people to remain
- 21:01impartial Teddy Rosevelt dives into the
- 21:04controversy he's convinced that wison is
- 21:06making a tragic error the events soon
- 21:09prove him right finally on April 6th
- 21:131917 Wilson has no choice he signs
- 21:17America's declaration of
- 21:19war it has come at last for a year Teddy
- 21:23has been hammering at American
- 21:25unpreparedness now finally he can do
- 21:27something
- 21:29he goes to Wilson and asks for a combat
- 21:31assignment in France but the president's
- 21:34answer is firm he will not allow Teddy
- 21:36Rosevelt to fight Teddy is humiliated
- 21:39and Furious he's convinced that Wilson
- 21:43has turned him down for political
- 21:47reason but Teddy Rosevelt can't stay
- 21:49away from the Great Adventure for long
- 21:52he begins his own kind of campaign a
- 21:54strenuous speaking tour covering the
- 21:56nation in support of the war
- 22:00[Music]
- 22:02he's a familiar visitor in the training
- 22:05camp he loves to spend his time with
- 22:08soldiers and he's always ready to recall
- 22:10a glorious Victory long ago at San Juan
- 22:19Hill he's deeply proud that his four
- 22:21sons are fighting in
- 22:25France then in July 1918 a few months
- 22:29before the end of the war Teddy's
- 22:31youngest son Quon flies an a sorty over
- 22:34the German
- 22:36line his claim does not return and the
- 22:39next day he is reported killed in
- 22:44action when the doughbys come home a
- 22:47pale and shaken Theodore Roosevelt is
- 22:49there to greet them he composes a moving
- 22:52epap of Quenton only those are fit to
- 22:56live who do not fear to die both life
- 23:00and death he writes are part of the same
- 23:04Great
- 23:06Adventure Teddy Roosevelt's Great
- 23:08Adventure is almost over he spends most
- 23:11of his time at Sagamore
- 23:13hill now the old energy and exuberance
- 23:16have
- 23:18gone shortly before the end he says to
- 23:20his wife I wonder if you will ever know
- 23:23how much I love Sagamore Hill and then
- 23:28in the early morning of January 6th
- 23:311919 Theodore Roosevelt dies in his
- 23:39sleep Theodore Roosevelt's death brings
- 23:42worldwide expressions of
- 23:45grief but perhaps his finest epap was
- 23:48spoken by a distant relative Franklin
- 23:51Delano
- 23:54Rosevelt we know and the nation know
- 23:59yes the world
- 24:02knows that Theodore Roosevelt was a
- 24:04great Patriot and a great
- 24:16Soul Theodore Roosevelt wasn't the kind
- 24:19of man or the kind of politician who
- 24:21played it safe time and again he
- 24:23jeopardized his political career for the
- 24:25sake of his principles and he often paid
- 24:28dearly for it but he had a personal
- 24:31philosophy about this it is better to
- 24:33DARE Mighty things and fail he said than
- 24:37to live in a gray Twilight where there
- 24:39is neither Victory nor
- 24:42defeat Mike Wallace for biography
- 24:58oh
- 25:24[Applause]
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