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The Future of Construction Detail Drawings: Faster Than Ever — Transcript

by Rayon Academy · 3,801 words · 667 segments · language en · Watch on YouTube

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0:00Hey everyone, I'm David. Today's
0:02tutorial, I'll walk you through how to
0:03draw clear professional construction
0:05details. We'll focus on two typical but
0:07critical details, a retaining wall and a
0:09roof construction detail. You'll learn
0:11principles that you can apply to dozens
0:12of other details in your project. We use
0:14line weights, hatching, dimensions, and
0:16annotations to express material layers
0:18and construction intent. Then I'll show
0:20you how to organize your detail drawing
0:22within a complete architectural drawing
0:23set. You follow along with me in Rayon
0:25by downloading the free construction
0:27detail template. There's a link below
0:28the video. Rayon is the fastest way to
0:30create 2D drawings. It's browser-based
0:32and made for collaboration. Feel free to
0:34subscribe to our channel for more
0:35architectural drawing tutorials. Now,
0:37let's get started.
0:39Architectural details are where design
0:41meets construction. Whether you're
0:42referencing manufacturer drawings or
0:44creating your own, these details show
0:46how materials come together. To begin
0:47with construction details, let's talk
0:49about scale.
0:51Here we are on the paper space where you
0:52can see our whole project layout.
0:55And at the end we're going to add
0:56construction details. Since construction
0:58details are done at a different scale
1:00than floor plans and sections, we're
1:01going to want to make a new model
1:03canvas. So, click on layers
1:06and let's add a new canvas.
1:09We're going to make a new model canvas
1:11and we'll call it con-
1:13struc-
1:15tion
1:16details.
1:20And now we can set the stroke scale to 1
1:22to 1
1:24and we can begin drawing here.
1:26This is the blank canvas where we would
1:27start drawing from scratch. But, if you
1:29have some reference files like CAD
1:32drawings, you can always import them.
1:35Go here to the menu and you can import
1:37PDFs or DWGs, you can start tracing, or
1:40you can use existing lines drawn in
1:41other programs. But, for now let's start
1:43from scratch.
1:45Okay, let's start by drawing a
1:47foundation detail. So, we're here
1:50somewhere on the blank canvas and I have
1:51one grid line set up and this is going
1:53to be the inside of my
1:55concrete. Um I'll show you how to a grid
1:57line. You can push
1:59uh the shortcut G or you can go here and
2:01click guideline.
2:03Uh you can choose between a horizontal
2:05or a vertical or
2:07a free
2:09guideline. I'm going to just put one
2:11anywhere I want here and that's sort of
2:13going to be our our 0 0
2:15uh origin of our detail. So, we'll start
2:18by
2:20drawing a rectangle
2:22for the concrete.
2:24And we are going to make the width of it
2:273 cm
2:29and the height can be whatever we want.
2:33And then we're going to make the bottom
2:35of the foundation
2:37be another rectangle.
2:39And we'll start it from here and I think
2:41we want it to be
2:44Uh now we're more concerned with the
2:45height. So, this will be the uh depth of
2:48the foundation. It's going to be
2:50I guess 3.8.
2:53And what we can do is just sort of
2:55stretch this out so that it forms that
2:58T-shape that a
3:01foundation
3:03looks like in section and we're going to
3:05drag it out to
3:07uh
3:09just be in the center and we can change
3:11all of this later. I'm just sort of
3:12blocking out the drawing.
3:14So, first thing we'll do now is uh
3:16select both of these rectangles
3:20and we can go into the Boolean
3:24shortcut BO and you have these little
3:26options. You can union, you can
3:28intersect, exclude, subtract. It's a
3:31great tool for when you're using areas
3:34uh like rectangles.
3:36We're going to simply just Boolean them
3:37together
3:38and now it's one rectangle and of course
3:40you can
3:42uh you can edit this now. So, if we
3:44wanted to make the um
3:47if you wanted to change anything
3:50make it wider
3:52uh
3:53you can even add a add a point
3:56on the shape, but uh let's just undo it
4:00because the shape is good enough for
4:02now.
4:03So, that's our foundation.
4:05And we're going to make another
4:07rectangle now as the uh
4:11just really roughly
4:14let's make the height
4:163 cm and just make This is the ground
4:19beneath our foundation.
4:22And then what we're going to do is
4:26add sort of the the earth that this
4:31retaining wall is uh retaining, right?
4:33So, let's just put a
4:35rectangle there. Quickly select a
4:38different hatch here. Let's go uh
4:40let's just fill it with a color so that
4:42you can see what's happening. We could
4:44use the draw order to uh make the
4:46foundation cover the ground. So, let's
4:50uh let's just edit this path
4:52and add some points
4:54on
4:56the foundation.
5:23Cool. So, now you can see how the uh
5:26we're not stacking these layers on top
5:29of each other. They're uh
5:31they're actually
5:33aligned with each other, which is good
5:34for hatches, which we'll show you next.
5:37So, first let's make the ground.
5:39Let's change the fill to a hatch
5:42pattern.
5:43And we can pick the
5:50soil
5:53And that's a little big, so we can
5:55transform it.
5:57Let's maybe put it to 0.2.
6:01That looks good.
6:05And this below, let's change this to
6:12dense grass and then transform it.
6:18small
6:22Okay, getting there.
6:26And let's do concrete.
6:28Let's make concrete this oblique
6:30compact. We like these diagonal lines.
6:33It's a pretty common way to show
6:34concrete
6:35as a hatch.
6:37Transform it.
6:40smaller
6:42No, even smaller.
6:45Okay, we can start with that.
6:48And then because the concrete is
6:50actually the material being cut here, we
6:53want to show that with a slightly
6:54thicker line than the other objects
6:57in the details. So, you can go here and
7:00edit the stroke.
7:04And let's just double this and you can
7:06see that it gets thicker.
7:10So, okay, we're off to a good start
7:12here.
7:13Let's uh
7:14Let's edit this again and
7:17just show the
7:19the ground like that.
7:21See, things are starting to look a
7:22little bit like an architectural
7:23drawing. Um
7:26Let's go back though and uh look at this
7:28concrete hatch. Because we're going to
7:30be using concrete a lot in the drawing,
7:31let's save this as a style.
7:34So, save style and we'll say concrete.
7:37Now it's going to take these
7:39uh style properties and save them.
7:44So, here we have concrete. Now,
7:47just to show you how this works, let's
7:48make another
7:51Let's make another shape.
7:53Say this is in our next detail and we
7:56can say
7:57we can apply concrete to it.
8:00And then if we click on either of these
8:02and click on concrete, we can edit this
8:05concrete style.
8:09And let's say we wanted to make the, you
8:12know, scale down the oblique.
8:16So, the magic of this is both things
8:19that we've applied the concrete style to
8:21changed. So, this makes it super easy to
8:23control your graphics and make changes
8:26across all of your details all at once.
8:29And of course, we're going to make
8:30styles for
8:32for the ground and for the soil and for
8:34anything else in your drawing. You can
8:36do that all very quickly and easily with
8:37styles in Rayon. Okay, now I'm going to
8:39show you a few different ways to draw
8:41the wall assemblies in your detail.
8:43Um there's no right or wrong way to do
8:45this. Rayon offers many different
8:46options. Uh so, I'm just going to show
8:48you a couple different ways to do this.
8:51Um it's nice to work with grid lines.
8:53Then you can sort of block out your
8:55drawing and measure it and make sure
8:56that everything is
8:58uh to scale.
9:00So,
9:01nice way to use these grid lines is to
9:03use the offset function. So, we know
9:06that from the face of this
9:08um
9:09foundation, maybe we want to
9:11leave a little air gap.
9:14And then we want to offset that again.
9:17Uh maybe point eight for a wall.
9:21And let's go point eight again.
9:23Set
9:25eight.
9:30So, now if we want to go really quickly
9:32and easily, you can just draw lines. You
9:34can trace these grid lines.
9:37You can give the line any style
9:40you want, but I think it's a little bit
9:42easier to use rectangles.
9:45Rectangles are a little better cuz then
9:46you can assign the the fill and the
9:49stroke like we did to the concrete.
9:51So, you can just go down and snap.
9:54Now you know that
9:56the width of this rectangle is correct
9:58and you can just drag it up
10:00to the top of your drawing
10:02and you can start
10:04giving it a fill.
10:09Fill and then you can start duplicating
10:12these.
10:14And if you decide that they need to be a
10:16different dimension, you can do that all
10:18very simply.
10:20Um let's start over though and I'll show
10:23you one other method, which is to use
10:25the wall tool.
10:28So, the wall tool draws you a sort of
10:31like a rectangle, but it has the
10:32information of a wall. So, let's start
10:35at that
10:37Zoom in, snap to that location.
10:40And now we can just start dragging up a
10:43wall across that grid line.
10:46And of course, the wall can turn, but
10:49this we just need a straight piece.
10:51And you can save the wall style
10:53including the wall's thickness. So,
10:56let's reduce that down back down to the
10:57point eight. And you can
11:00add a fill.
11:04Another useful tool is the trim
11:06function. I'm just going to very quickly
11:08show you
11:09uh
11:11We draw a few
12:25Okay, so let's say we have these uh
12:28three floor assembly
12:30rectangles that I've drawn. Um
12:32This is just for show. We can tighten
12:34them up later, but
12:35you can just very simply
12:37can start dragging them
12:39to align with the parts of your drawing
12:42that you need them to be aligned to.
12:45And then there's also the trim tool. So,
12:47we can take a a grid line,
12:50duplicate it to anywhere we want.
12:54We can click on the trim function, tr,
12:58and first you select what you want to
12:59trim with. So, we're going to trim with
13:01the grid line.
13:02We say done, and now we can choose the
13:04paths to trim.
13:06And we can really quickly trim all of
13:09these assemblies
13:11to the line,
13:13and then get rid of the line, and now we
13:15have
13:16the end of our detail.
13:18Now, let's look at this roof assembly
13:19detail. I'll show you another common
13:22tool we should be using, which is the
13:23line tool.
13:25So, for the little the small details
13:28like flashing details or membranes,
13:30things that aren't walls that don't need
13:33fills, the line tool is really useful.
13:36So, let's zoom in here. You can see that
13:37I've already drawn
13:39um
13:39So, this metal flashing or this little
13:42upstand piece of membrane, this is all
13:45just lines. Very simple lines, and you
13:48can of course
13:49you can click onto them and edit them.
13:51I'll show you now we want to make a
13:53little like overlap piece. You can just
13:56start clicking with the um
13:59the line tool.
14:07And you can always of course you can
14:10make this more precise
14:11and measured later, but for now
14:15you can see
14:18see how quick it is to draw a custom
14:21little piece.
14:25And then you can style it however you
14:27want to make it
14:30stand out.
14:33Another cool thing you can do with the
14:34line tool
14:35is uh let's go into this cavity wall,
14:38and we can fill it with insulation.
14:40So,
14:42let's just draw a simple line
14:44down the middle.
14:47And
14:48if you look in the stroke part of the
14:50line tool, you can click on this
14:54to add a dash. So,
14:58let's scale up this dash so that we can
15:00see it.
15:03And great, there you go.
15:05So, now you can see that
15:07there's all sorts of different dash
15:09types you can select from.
15:13And one of the dot from So, like dots uh
15:16even custom ones, but uh
15:19one of them is called batting, and this
15:21is the insulation one. So, you can scale
15:23this up and
15:26really nicely and with a lot of control
15:28add insulation to your drawing.
15:31Of course, once you've
15:33locked in your style, you can save it.
15:36Call it insulation.
15:38And now you can use it all over your
15:39drawing and maintain consistency with
15:42styles. Okay, fast forward a bit and
15:44I've blocked out my foundation detail.
15:46Now, I'm going to show you how to
15:47annotate this detail.
15:49First, let's start with some dimensions.
15:50You select the dimension tool
15:53and we have some options here. We can
15:55either do a single dimension or a
15:57chained dimension. Let's start with a
15:58single.
16:00And this is just the most simple way you
16:02can
16:03choose
16:05two ends of a object and show the
16:08dimension.
16:11And I'm going to continue doing that.
16:13You can also click the uh
16:15loop to continue drawing. So, I can
16:17dimension the depth here.
16:20And I can move up to the top.
16:22Dimension top of the wall and that's all
16:25without clicking and then I can hit
16:27escape to
16:28exit the dimension tool.
16:32Now, to style these, styling is very
16:34important because dimensions are one of
16:36the most important parts of your
16:37drawing. And so, it needs to be legible
16:40and consistent across.
16:42And it needs to convey the right type of
16:44information. So,
16:46let's select one of these dimensions and
16:49as with anything else, you can use to
16:51control all of this.
16:54So, here on the side panel, you have the
16:56size, the font. You can edit the stroke,
16:59the color, uh the
17:02ends of the dimension string.
17:04First, let's simply make the text
17:06smaller.
17:08And what we're going to do is now save
17:10that style.
17:11And we'll call it
17:13dim detail.
17:20And now we can apply that style to the
17:22other dimensions.
17:25Dim detail.
17:27Now we have control over our dimensions.
17:30Another option is you can dimension
17:33in a chain.
17:36So, let's zoom into the floor
17:38construction.
17:41This is useful if you want to dimension
17:43uh things that are all in a row. So,
17:46click on the end
17:48and we can simply just move up our
17:50drawing
17:51and dimension each piece of this
17:53assembly.
18:03That was easy, but now we have the
18:04problem that this is completely
18:07illegible. So, let's make a new
18:09dimension style.
18:11Uh
18:11because we're quite zoomed in here, this
18:13is probably a
18:15uh different scale than we're used to.
18:17So, let's set up a new dimension style.
18:19We can go into here.
18:21Let's
18:23And to get some consistency here, we can
18:25assign the dimension style we just
18:27created, so dim detail.
18:30But now we want to edit it. So, let's
18:33actually detach this from dim detail.
18:36So, it maintains what dim detail was,
18:39but
18:40we can now save it as a new one. So,
18:43let's call it dim
18:45detail.
18:47And we want to use millimeters. So, the
18:48way to do that is to go into
18:51the style and you can click on units and
18:52precision. And right now it's using the
18:54canvas settings, which are centimeters.
18:58And we want millimeters. You can set the
19:00precision. Uh
19:02we want to leave it at zero. And you can
19:05add a suffix, which shows the unit, but
19:08we don't want to use that because that
19:10would get too cluttered. So,
19:13here we are in millimeters and maybe
19:14let's make it a little smaller.
19:18And we can
19:20take down the size of the
19:24the ends there and
19:27could even reduce the gap
19:29between the number and the line.
19:34Maybe even more.
19:37And actually, let's make this very
19:39small.
19:44So,
19:46as you can see, that's a quick way to
19:47make things
19:49more legible and have control over them
19:51in the drawing. And now we have these
19:52two different styles existing at the
19:54same time and we can control them
19:56separately.
19:58Now, this isn't what we're going to want
20:00to show for our details, so I'm actually
20:01going to delete these and then we can
20:03move on.
20:05And to further annotate the drawing to
20:06tell people what all of these hatches
20:09mean,
20:10can add a leader.
20:19We want. Say,
20:22soil.
20:28And let's do the same thing. Let's
20:30duplicate this.
20:34Uh here's a problem. See how it goes
20:35behind?
20:38So, what we want to do is actually take
20:41take these two leaders and put them on a
20:43different layer.
20:46So, the way we've set this up, the
20:48annotation layer is actually the top of
20:50the stacking order. So, put these in
20:52annotation and they come to this top. Of
20:55course, you can look on your layers tab.
20:58You can rearrange these. You could bring
21:00annotations to the bottom,
21:02which you probably don't want to do.
21:05And then within each of these layers is
21:07the stacking of all of the objects
21:09within the layer.
21:12So, now that it's on top, we can call
21:13this
21:15just for now let's call this the floor.
21:19thing
21:21ever, and then we can do the same thing
21:22with the annotations.
21:26And you can customize anything about
21:28this and even create your own style.
21:30Fast forward and I've fully annotated my
21:32drawing and I've refined some of the
21:34hatches and the line work.
21:35And now it's ready to present. So, let
21:37me show you how to now put this into the
21:39paper canvas and include it as part of
21:42our architectural drawing set.
21:44So, here we are on the paper canvas
21:46where you can see the whole
21:47architectural presentation laid out.
21:50What we're going to do is add a new page
21:52for our design details to live on.
21:55So, the first step is to go down into
21:57the toolbar and click page. And you're
21:59going to have two options. You can
22:01either select a
22:02sized page or you can drag a custom
22:05size. Um but because we want to keep
22:08everything in the real world according
22:10to real paper sizes, we're going to
22:12choose to insert a page
22:15and we're going to choose the size A3 to
22:17match the other pages on the sheet.
22:27Now, we can actually just take this
22:29title block and
22:31copy it onto our page.
22:34Now, if you want a different title
22:35block, you can of course go to the
22:37blocks tab
22:40and
22:42go to the Rayon libraries where there's
22:44over 10,000 blocks that you can simply
22:46type in
22:48title block. And you can browse through
22:50title blocks and annotations to find
22:52anything you need. But for now, we're
22:54going to use the one that's already in
22:55the project.
22:58So, now that we have a page and a title
22:59block set up, we need to add a view.
23:03Under the page button, there's the view
23:04button.
23:05And we're simply going to drag
23:08box that we think might fit.
23:11And what's happening here,
23:14obviously we don't recognize these
23:16because it's not been part of the
23:17tutorial.
23:18Uh that's because we're looking at the
23:19wrong canvas. So, this view is a window
23:22into a different model
23:24canvas. So, let's simply switch it to
23:26the construction details one that we're
23:28familiar with.
23:30And we have this crazy scale here, so
23:32we're going to set that at 1.1
23:341 to 5, which is a common detail scale.
23:39You'll see that if you stretch the
23:40window,
23:42uh
23:44the scale moves. This is bad.
23:47So, what we always want to do is hold
23:48down command while you're stretching the
23:50window, and it will actually be more of
23:51a crop function.
23:56So, if we crop this,
24:00and now we've got exactly what we need.
24:05You can also double-click inside, and
24:06you can lock it.
24:08So, now that we're inside, we can we can
24:11pan. This is if you don't want to crop.
24:13You could pan around.
24:15You can zoom.
24:17But, if you notice when you zoom, you
24:19ruin your scale, so
24:21let's
24:23lock the scale,
24:26lock the pan, and then disable that.
24:32Now, what we can do is duplicate this
24:34view.
24:38Make sure they both fit on our page.
24:42And then, it's personal preference. You
24:44can either
24:46use the pan, or you can hold down
24:48command.
24:50Open up the crop.
24:53Crop to the side, and simply drag it
24:55over
24:57and align your details.
25:00And now you have a nice detail page set
25:01up.
25:04Okay, now that our presentation's ready,
25:07we can export it. But before you export
25:09it, you might want to click on the pages
25:11tab
25:12and ensure that everything is in the
25:13correct order. The pages tab will show
25:16you the export order.
25:17So, we know that we want our detail page
25:20to be at the end.
25:22And here you can see it's not at the
25:23end. So, all you have to do is drag it
25:26to the end.
25:29And then have a quick overview of the
25:30rest of your pages. Make sure it's all
25:32good. And if everything looks good, you
25:34can click on the export button at the
25:36top.
25:39Here you have the option to either print
25:41it out onto a real paper or export it to
25:44a PDF.
25:45You can also change the format and you
25:46can select a range of pages. So, you
25:48could export all of the pages at once or
25:51you could select a range
25:53or even just type in a page number. I
25:55know that we have 16 pages, so if I want
25:57just the detail page,
26:00this will only export the detail page.
26:02So, let's do that.
26:04Click export.
26:07Now, you simply choose where to put it,
26:09give it a name, and save it.
26:12Now, since Rayon is a web-based tool,
26:14you have other options. You don't have
26:15to export PDFs and send them to clients
26:17the old-fashioned way.
26:19You can actually share with them a link
26:21to the live document, which updates as
26:23you work.
26:24So, to do so, you go to preview.
26:33And from the preview, we can check to
26:35see if everything is in order
26:37the way we want, and then simply click
26:39publish.
26:42And then you can copy the link
26:44and send it to anyone on your team or
26:46any of your external collaborators, and
26:48they can open it in their browser
26:49window.
26:58Anyone with this link can view the
26:59presentation. They don't need to be a
27:01member of Rayon. All they need is a
27:03browser.
27:14And that's how you create construction
27:15details with Rayon.
27:17We went from a blank canvas to a clean,
27:18readable architectural detail, ready to
27:20share with consultants or drop into a
27:22permit set.
27:23You can download the free template below
27:25in the description, and don't forget to
27:26like and subscribe for more
27:27architectural drawing tutorials.
27:29Got any questions, or want to see
27:31specific detail covered next time?
27:33Let us know in the comments. We'd love
27:34to hear from you.
27:36Thanks for watching, and see you in the
27:37next one.

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