The Day the Dinosaurs Died – Minute by Minute — Transcript

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1. 0:00one of the greatest Illusions in life is
2. 0:04continuity 66 million years ago the
3. 0:07continuity of the dinosaurs had been
4. 0:09going on for around 165 million years
5. 0:13already and it didn't seem this would
6. 0:15change anytime soon the world was warm
7. 0:18and pleasant and most of the land was
8. 0:20covered with Lush forests and an
9. 0:22incredible diversity of trees flowers
10. 0:25Ferns and trillions of Critters
11. 0:28dinosaurs were ubiquity
12. 0:30and had Diversified into hundreds of
13. 0:32species of all shapes and sizes titanor
14. 0:36large gentle Giants shared the world
15. 0:39with famous beasts like Tyrannosaurus
16. 0:41rex or
17. 0:43Edmontosaurus pectinodon hunted in the
18. 0:45undergrowth while Edmontosaurus wandered
19. 0:48coastlines and swamps an ancient
20. 0:52Paradise a world of planty Full of Life
21. 0:5766 million years ago May on a Tuesday
22. 1:00afternoon life was the same as it had
23. 1:03been the day before or a thousand years
24. 1:05before or pretty much a million years
25. 1:07before things were good for Our
26. 1:09Feathered dinosaur buddies until a tiny
27. 1:12tiny detail in the sky
28. 1:18[Music]
29. 1:23changed if there were dinosaurs watching
30. 1:26the Stars one night they may have
31. 1:28noticed the appearance of a new star a
32. 1:31tiny dot that for many weeks slowly
33. 1:33became bigger and brighter until one
34. 1:37fateful day it looked like another small
35. 1:40moon in the night sky and then it faded
36. 1:43from sight as it dipped into Earth's
37. 1:45Shadow for a few more hours the illusion
38. 1:48of continuity was upheld until it was
39. 1:52not anymore in the morning the object
40. 1:55suddenly appears again now almost as
41. 1:58large as the sun in the sky and growing
42. 2:00every moment heading for the coast near
43. 2:03the yakatan peninsula it takes the
44. 2:05asteroid only seconds to pass through
45. 2:07the thin layer between space and the
46. 2:09ground to make contact as it enters the
47. 2:12atmosphere at almost 60 times the speed
48. 2:15of
49. 2:16sound let's stop time here we see the
50. 2:20unnamed asteroid about to commit species
51. 2:23side larger than Mount aest it reaches
52. 2:27from the ocean High into the atmosphere
53. 2:29High than passenger planes would fly
54. 2:31millions of years later at this moment
55. 2:34the world was one way in a fraction of a
56. 2:37second it would be fundamentally
57. 2:39different let's make the
58. 2:41transition as the asteroid hits the
59. 2:43shallow ocean and the Bedrock below the
60. 2:46energy of billions of nuclear weapons is
61. 2:48released all at once as the asteroid
62. 2:52vaporizes a flash of light illuminates
63. 2:54the sky as an eerie bright white sphere
64. 2:57grows over the Gulf of Mexico Bedrock
65. 3:00melts into seething hot plasma at tens
66. 3:03of thousands of De
67. 3:05C the thermal radiation from the
68. 3:07explosion travels at the speed of light
69. 3:09and immediately Burns everything within
70. 3:12a radius of about 1,500 km while the
71. 3:15energy from the impact pushes so hard
72. 3:17against Earth's crust that it loses all
73. 3:20strength and flows away from the impact
74. 3:22site like a liquid creating a hole 25 km
75. 3:26deep and 100 km wide the o is pushed
76. 3:30back for hundreds of kilom like when a
77. 3:32kit jumps into a puddle as the crust
78. 3:35bounces back melted and flowing crust
79. 3:38forms a temporary Mountain stretching 10
80. 3:41km into the sky an incredible amount of
81. 3:44material is blasted into the higher
82. 3:46atmosphere or even out into space as
83. 3:49much as 60 times the original mass of
84. 3:51the asteroid the violence of the strike
85. 3:54is felt everywhere on Earth within
86. 3:57minutes a magnitude 11 earthquake maybe
87. 4:00the most powerful Quake any living thing
88. 4:02has ever witnessed in billions of years
89. 4:05it is so insanely strong that in India
90. 4:09it might have shaken gigantic lava
91. 4:10fields and causes volcanic eruptions
92. 4:13that would last for 30,000 years and
93. 4:16cover half of the Indian subcontinent
94. 4:18with lava even on the side of Earth
95. 4:20opposite the impact the ground still
96. 4:22moved by several meters nobody would
97. 4:25sleep through this
98. 4:27day the gigantic EXP explosion crashes
99. 4:30against the atmosphere with
100. 4:31unprecedented violence and causes a
101. 4:34shock wave that reaches speeds of more
102. 4:36than 1,000 km per hour near the sight of
103. 4:38impact similar to the hyper hurricanes
104. 4:40on gas giants like
105. 4:42Neptune in Middle America basically any
106. 4:45soil vegetation or animal is just
107. 4:48shredded into pieces and catapulted
108. 4:50thousands of kilometers away now the
109. 4:53previously displaced oceans return as
110. 4:56the temporary Mountain at the sight of
111. 4:57impact collapses a ring of tsunami is as
112. 5:00high as 1 km enough to cover all
113. 5:02skyscrapers humans would ever build
114. 5:04heads in all directions as they crash
115. 5:06into the coasts of the continents
116. 5:08surrounding the impact they will drown
117. 5:10thousands of kilometers of Coastline 15
118. 5:13hours later some of the waves that get
119. 5:16refracted around South America will
120. 5:18still Tower as much as 100 m into the
121. 5:21sky but we still haven't talked about
122. 5:23the worst thing yet a lot of the debris
123. 5:26yeeted into space will orbit Earth for
124. 5:28thousands of years some may hit the moon
125. 5:31or even Mars but most of it comes right
126. 5:34back when Things fall through the
127. 5:36atmosphere at such speeds they get very
128. 5:39hot as in hundreds of degrees hot and
129. 5:42this happens to millions of tons of
130. 5:43material everywhere this rapidly heats
131. 5:47up the atmosphere to insane temperatures
132. 5:50we don't know exactly how hot it got or
133. 5:52how long this heat shock lasted but
134. 5:54there are two ideas here either the air
135. 5:56was heated to hundreds of De for a few
136. 5:58minutes or 2,000s of De for around 1
137. 6:02minute in any case the air became as hot
138. 6:04as the inside of an industrial oven how
139. 6:07bad the global effects of this were is
140. 6:09contested but if enough heat reached the
141. 6:11surface a lot of plants and animals
142. 6:14would have died very quickly if they
143. 6:15couldn't bury themselves or Escape into
144. 6:18caves the heat together with raining
145. 6:20debris Also may have ignited material on
146. 6:23Forest floors and sparked wildfires as
147. 6:26the Earth rotated under the Searing hot
148. 6:28blue in a few hours massive wildfires
149. 6:31were probably burning around the globe
150. 6:34some of them may have lasted for months
151. 6:36and turned Earth into a horrifying hot
152. 6:39hellish version of itself as the day of
153. 6:41the impact draws to an end many of the
154. 6:44dinosaurs are already dead but the worst
155. 6:47is still to come the gigantic plume of
156. 6:50vaporized material reaches the upper
157. 6:52atmosphere and spreads around the whole
158. 6:55globe together with the S from the
159. 6:57burning planet and the aerosol generated
160. 7:00at impact the planet sinks into a deep
161. 7:03Darkness with only the remaining raging
162. 7:05fires Illuminating the scenery whatever
163. 7:08plants survive the firestorms will now
164. 7:11be starved for sunlight AS Global
165. 7:13photosynthesis is temporarily shut down
166. 7:16within days temperatures crash as much
167. 7:19as 25° C the oceans were especially hard
168. 7:23hit the lack of sunlight killed over 90%
169. 7:27of Plankton which formed the basis of
170. 7:29the food food web of marine life
171. 7:31ultimately this would kill off the large
172. 7:33marine reptiles and ammonites that used
173. 7:36to dominate The Seas the biosphere the
174. 7:38survivors Now find themselves in is like
175. 7:41an alien landscape Ash debris and the
176. 7:44burned remains of the formerly Lush and
177. 7:46blooming life cover the ground the sky
178. 7:49is dark and it's cold and fresh food is
179. 7:52scarce while fungi Thrive for months and
180. 7:56years the planet will be a hostile and
181. 7:59deadly place the sudden Global Winter
182. 8:02will last for decades at least 75% of
183. 8:06all species on Earth will just vanish
184. 8:09from existence and so as the day ends
185. 8:13the world is suddenly different the
186. 8:16continuity that went on for millions of
187. 8:18years is no more the era of the
188. 8:21dinosaurs is over just like
189. 8:26that eventually From the Ashes of the
190. 8:28old world survivors emerged birds that
191. 8:31are the direct descendants of the
192. 8:33dinosaurs and mammals that would
193. 8:35eventually become the dominant animals
194. 8:37on the planet without the asteroid who
195. 8:40knows what life on Earth would look like
196. 8:42today without the sudden disruption of
197. 8:45dinosaur continuity that completely
198. 8:47changed the planet and all life on it we
199. 8:50might have never had the opportunity to
200. 8:52become what we are
201. 8:54today it's not clear how long the human
202. 8:57era will last so so far modern humans
203. 9:00have been around for 0.1% of the time
204. 9:03the dinosaurs were and in this short
205. 9:06amount of time we've achieved impressive
206. 9:08Feats from making the world our own to
207. 9:11reaching space and splitting the atom
208. 9:14yet our future and our long-term
209. 9:17survival are not a given if we're not
210. 9:20careful it could end in an instant like
211. 9:23the age of the dinosaurs end it but in
212. 9:26contrast to them we know that our
213. 9:28continuity is fragile even if it doesn't
214. 9:30feel like it we can be prepared and be
215. 9:34vigilant and hopeful if we're lucky our
216. 9:37journey will go on for a long long
217. 9:42time speaking of Journeys we want to
218. 9:45address something in the spirit of
219. 9:47transparency kazak has changed in the
220. 9:50last 2 years we've become more than a
221. 9:52YouTube channel or Animation studio and
222. 9:54now also run a paper shop that sells
223. 9:56hundreds of thousands of calendars
224. 9:58posters and notebooks that's not a happy
225. 10:01accident many of us have a background in
226. 10:03graphic design paper products are Our
227. 10:05Roots and we actually started out
228. 10:07creating posters books and print
229. 10:10infographics we love that you can touch
230. 10:12them smell them nerd about small details
231. 10:15and printing techniques just like the
232. 10:17channel we started small and without
233. 10:19great ambition step by step we found the
234. 10:22right printers and papers learned about
235. 10:24shipping and expanded our shop we put a
236. 10:26huge amount of research love and hours
237. 10:28into it because this is the only way we
238. 10:30know how to do things we don't just want
239. 10:33to make generic merch we want to make
240. 10:35things that fit our mission of making
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242. 10:39things things that persist and are made
243. 10:42with high quality and love our shop
244. 10:45gives us another Outlet to do this and
245. 10:48as a nice side effect has turned into
246. 10:50our main source of income for everything
247. 10:52we do on this channel which also Keeps
248. 10:55Us independent and our videos free for
249. 10:57everyone so we want to build further on
250. 11:00that and create more things that last
251. 11:03we've just started a new notebook line
252. 11:05called pocket log that will expand on in
253. 11:07the future the first edition is a
254. 11:09dinosaur themed collection that will
255. 11:11hopefully serve a future paleontologist
256. 11:13well there are loads of plans for
257. 11:15sciency stuff more journals and
258. 11:17calendars and infographics let us know
259. 11:21what you would like us to make for your
260. 11:22R Kids classrooms and
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262. 11:28work because you like them and because
263. 11:30you enable us to put thousands of hours
264. 11:32into videos and hundreds of hours into
265. 11:35posters and journals thank you so much
266. 11:37for that we're looking forward to making
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270. 11:49[Music]
271. 11:58watching