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Speaking English with the TV Show “Friends”! | How To Speak American English — Transcript

by Rachel's English · 4,988 words · 742 segments · language en · Watch on YouTube

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  1. 0:00I love Sweater Weather and the holidays
  2. 0:03today we're studying English by
  3. 0:05analyzing a scene from the TV show
  4. 0:08Friends what exactly makes American
  5. 0:10English sound American we'll look at the
  6. 0:13music of English what words might change
  7. 0:16in a full sentence first here's the
  8. 0:19scene we'll
  9. 0:22study hey look at this they lighting the
  10. 0:24big Christmas tree tonight um that
  11. 0:27paper's 2 weeks old
  12. 0:30all right who keeps leaving old
  13. 0:31newspapers in the
  14. 0:34trash I really wanted to take Kathy to
  15. 0:36this I can't believe I missed it hey you
  16. 0:38know at least you have somebody to miss
  17. 0:40that stuff with hate being alone this
  18. 0:43time of year next thing you know it'll
  19. 0:45be Valentine's Day then my birthday then
  20. 0:47bang before you know it they're lighting
  21. 0:49that damn tree again let's study the
  22. 0:52music of speech together I'm Rachel and
  23. 0:55I've been teaching the American accent
  24. 0:56here on YouTube for over 15 years get my
  25. 1:00free course the top three ways to master
  26. 1:02the American accent at Rachel's
  27. 1:05english.com
  28. 1:06sfree it will give you some killer tips
  29. 1:09on speaking natural
  30. 1:11English now the
  31. 1:14analysis hey look at this hey hey pretty
  32. 1:18abrupt hey but I still feel an up down
  33. 1:21shape of stress there the volume's
  34. 1:23pretty high hey hey and he sort of cuts
  35. 1:26it off hey hey hey hey look at this look
  36. 1:32at this look at this one stress word
  37. 1:37there and it's the word this look at
  38. 1:40this look at this look at this look and
  39. 1:44at just lead up to it look at
  40. 1:47this this is really typical for American
  41. 1:50English words sort of Glide together and
  42. 1:53sometimes sounds even get
  43. 1:56dropped now let's look at what's
  44. 1:58happening to these sounds to make this
  45. 2:00phrase so smooth look at this look at
  46. 2:04this look at this look at this look at
  47. 2:07this so the first thing I noticed is I'm
  48. 2:10looking for the T here look at this and
  49. 2:14I find it's totally dropped this is not
  50. 2:17normal for at for at there's usually a
  51. 2:20stop T when it's followed by a consonant
  52. 2:23but here it's totally dropped
  53. 2:26look I would write that as awah look at
  54. 2:29this look at this and the schwas is
  55. 2:32linking right into the voiced
  56. 2:35th the word this then has the I vowel
  57. 2:39and an S this this and it has a curve up
  58. 2:43and down because it's a stress word this
  59. 2:47this so the word at just becomes a quick
  60. 2:50uh uh which is called the schah and it
  61. 2:53links into the next word look at this
  62. 2:56look at this look at this if I go back
  63. 2:58to the word look look here I'm looking
  64. 3:01for a k listening for a k let's see what
  65. 3:04we hear look at this look at this look
  66. 3:08at this I hear that being turned into a
  67. 3:10g l l l l l and that's sort of being
  68. 3:15used to link into the schw look look
  69. 3:18look look look at this look at this look
  70. 3:22at this look at this look at this the o
  71. 3:26o here makes the push vowel uh uh
  72. 3:31L look at
  73. 3:35this so all of those sounds really
  74. 3:39melting together very smoothly to become
  75. 3:42this one single phrase and even though
  76. 3:46it sounds nothing like look at this
  77. 3:50everyone who is a native speaker would
  78. 3:53understand this easily without trying
  79. 3:55hearing it just once look at this look
  80. 3:58at this look at this look at this try it
  81. 4:02as well yourself now and to really go
  82. 4:04for that smoothness so listen to it
  83. 4:07three times and then say it look at this
  84. 4:11look at this look at
  85. 4:15this look at this look at this look at
  86. 4:19this they're lighting the big Christmas
  87. 4:20tree tonight so now we have a pretty
  88. 4:22long sentence they are lighting the big
  89. 4:27Christmas tree tonight and of course
  90. 4:30it's not pronounced that way at all just
  91. 4:33like look at this it all Glides together
  92. 4:36smoothly some sounds change some
  93. 4:39syllables are longer and clearer those
  94. 4:41are stressed and others are very minimal
  95. 4:45very fast quiet let's first look for the
  96. 4:49stressed syllables in this phrase
  97. 4:51they're lighting the big Christmas tree
  98. 4:53tonight they're lighting the big
  99. 4:54Christmas tree tonight they're lighting
  100. 4:56the big Christmas tree tonight they're
  101. 4:57lighting
  102. 4:59so I hear a little bit of length and up
  103. 5:02down shape of stress on the firstable of
  104. 5:05lighting
  105. 5:06they're
  106. 5:09lighting they're lighting they're
  107. 5:11lighting they're lighting the big
  108. 5:13Christmas tree tonight they're lighting
  109. 5:16the big Christmas tree tonight so
  110. 5:20basically wherever there's a change in
  111. 5:22Pitch
  112. 5:24chismas tree tonight is where we have a
  113. 5:27stress Sy bable it's a little bit long
  114. 5:30and it has a change in Pitch usually it
  115. 5:32goes up and down like here sometimes it
  116. 5:35goes down and up but everything else is
  117. 5:37just falling away from that stressed
  118. 5:40syllable or leading up to it so here
  119. 5:44there is there there there there just
  120. 5:47starting to curve up head up for that
  121. 5:51peak of stress they're lighting they're
  122. 5:55lighting slow it down and smooth it out
  123. 5:58and then as you you practice it that way
  124. 6:01you can really find the smoothness in
  125. 6:03the
  126. 6:04connection they are becomes their
  127. 6:07they're lighting they're lighting they
  128. 6:11lighting so so fast not they are not
  129. 6:15they but
  130. 6:17the that's an unstressed word said very
  131. 6:21quickly they're lighting they're
  132. 6:23lighting they're lighting they're
  133. 6:25lighting the big Christmas tree tonight
  134. 6:27the second half of lighting is also very
  135. 6:30fast and quick just like this unstressed
  136. 6:33they
  137. 6:34liing super minimal low and Pitch
  138. 6:37quieter notice this is a flap te here
  139. 6:40it's not lighting but it's lighting a
  140. 6:44flap of the tongue
  141. 6:46lighting they're lighting they're
  142. 6:49lighting try that they're lighting
  143. 6:52they're lighting
  144. 6:56they're they're let they're letting
  145. 6:59they're lighting the big Christmas tree
  146. 7:00tonight the big Christmas tree tonight
  147. 7:03the big Christmas tree tonight so just
  148. 7:06like they're lighting we have one peak
  149. 7:08of stress this one the phrase is a
  150. 7:11little bit longer so we have a little
  151. 7:12bit more of a buildup the
  152. 7:16big and then this stressed syllable
  153. 7:19[Music]
  154. 7:21Chris must tree a night and then four
  155. 7:24syllables falling away from that peak of
  156. 7:26stress the big the big so these two
  157. 7:29words say said very quickly the big the
  158. 7:31big the big do you hear how it's sort of
  159. 7:33quiet a little bit mumbly that's the way
  160. 7:36unstressed sybles might be in American
  161. 7:38English the big the big the big Chris
  162. 7:41then our stress syllable much clearer
  163. 7:43the big Christmas tree the big Christmas
  164. 7:45tree the big Christmas tree Christmas
  165. 7:47tree
  166. 7:49Christmas tree so the tea in Christmas
  167. 7:52almost always dropped
  168. 7:56Christmas also make sure this is awah
  169. 7:58Miss Miss it's not mass or mass but M
  170. 8:04Christmas Christmas tree tonight so the
  171. 8:08TR cluster tree is very often pronounced
  172. 8:12as a CH HR tree and that's what's
  173. 8:15Happening Here Christmas tree
  174. 8:18Christmas tree so not only are the
  175. 8:21sounds in American English important but
  176. 8:24the melody the connection is very
  177. 8:26important Christmas
  178. 8:29tree so as you imitate here make sure
  179. 8:32you're also imitating the melody
  180. 8:35Christmas tree Christmas tree Christmas
  181. 8:39tree Christmas tree this is something we
  182. 8:41really do in our free mini course so
  183. 8:43follow the link in the video description
  184. 8:46to sign up for that free mini course
  185. 8:48you'll have some audio that will help
  186. 8:49you train and get this rhythmic contrast
  187. 8:54this melody this music of English into
  188. 8:57your voice this will make you easier to
  189. 8:59understand understand when you're
  190. 9:00speaking English Christmas tree
  191. 9:03Christmas tree Christmas tree tonight
  192. 9:05tonight or some people pronounce it
  193. 9:08tonight but it should always be awah TT
  194. 9:11tonight here the t is not a t but again
  195. 9:14it's a flap D night D night D night D
  196. 9:17night and that first syllable as I said
  197. 9:20schah it looks like it should be to
  198. 9:22tonight but it's t tonight linked into a
  199. 9:26vowel it's night r r flapping the tea
  200. 9:30tree a night tree a night tree a night
  201. 9:34really smooth try that tree a night tree
  202. 9:37tonight tree tonight and then it ends
  203. 9:40with a stop te so we don't hear tonight
  204. 9:44that would be a true te that would be
  205. 9:45fully released but it's night night
  206. 9:49night an abrupt stop Tre T night tree
  207. 9:53tonight tree tonight Christmas tree
  208. 9:56tonight Christmas tree tonight Christmas
  209. 9:59tree tonight so one long phrase two
  210. 10:02peaks of stress everything very smooth
  211. 10:06lots of words pronounced unclearly with
  212. 10:09sounds changing a little bit mumbly
  213. 10:12lower in
  214. 10:13volume that's American English that
  215. 10:16contrast of clear and unclear that is
  216. 10:18American English Christmas tree tonight
  217. 10:21Christmas tree tonight Christmas tree
  218. 10:23tonight um um um our thinking vowel in
  219. 10:29American American English is the uh
  220. 10:30vowel uh
  221. 10:33um um um um that paper's two weeks old
  222. 10:39that paper's two weeks old so again two
  223. 10:44up down shapes of stress that
  224. 10:47papers two weeks
  225. 10:53old and the other words falling into the
  226. 10:57line let's look at the pronunciation of
  227. 11:00the
  228. 11:01word
  229. 11:05that that that that that that very fast
  230. 11:11stop T that that papers that papers so
  231. 11:16not that but that that twice as fast as
  232. 11:20you might want to make it that papers
  233. 11:22the apostrophe s
  234. 11:25here is the contraction is that paper is
  235. 11:29two weeks old that paper's two weeks old
  236. 11:33that paper's two weeks old that paper's
  237. 11:35two weeks old that papers two weeks old
  238. 11:41old you might find as you're working
  239. 11:44with the phrases as you're imitating
  240. 11:48that you don't want to have as much up
  241. 11:50down as she has it might feel strange
  242. 11:53but we need this this change in Pitch
  243. 11:57this contrast is what makes makes
  244. 11:59English really easy to understand it's
  245. 12:01what makes it clear so make sure you're
  246. 12:04not going old but you're going old just
  247. 12:07like she does that paper's two weeks old
  248. 12:10that paper's two weeks old that paper's
  249. 12:13two weeks
  250. 12:16old that paper's 2 weeks old that
  251. 12:19paper's 2 weeks old that paper's 2 weeks
  252. 12:23old all right all right all right this
  253. 12:27word said so quickly just sort of a
  254. 12:29filler word all right all right little
  255. 12:33bit of a up down shape of stress on the
  256. 12:35second syllable stop T very AB abrupt
  257. 12:38stop all right all right no L I would
  258. 12:42think of that first syllable just being
  259. 12:43the schah uh uh uh all right all right
  260. 12:46all right all right all right all all
  261. 12:49right who keeps leaving old newspapers
  262. 12:51in the trash who keeps leaving two up
  263. 12:55down shapes of stress who keeps
  264. 13:01[Music]
  265. 13:03leaving who keeps leaving who keeps
  266. 13:06leaving who keeps
  267. 13:11leaving who keeps leaving old newspapers
  268. 13:13in the trash who keeps leaving old
  269. 13:17newspapers in the trash this phrase is
  270. 13:21interesting because we have two up down
  271. 13:23shapes of stress so we know that's a
  272. 13:25stress syllable but this is a question
  273. 13:29question he's giving it the question
  274. 13:31intonation which is pitch going up at
  275. 13:33the end and because of that instead of
  276. 13:36being trash with an up down shape of
  277. 13:39stress it's
  278. 13:41trash with a down up shape of stress in
  279. 13:45the trash in the trash in the trash
  280. 13:49newspapers and this stress syllable is
  281. 13:52also going down and up
  282. 13:55newspapers because it's the second half
  283. 13:57it's heading toward wordss the up shape
  284. 14:00of stress at the end who keeps leaving
  285. 14:04old newspapers in the
  286. 14:08trash who keeps leaving old newspapers
  287. 14:11in the trash who keeps leaving old
  288. 14:13newspapers in the trash who keeps
  289. 14:16leaving old newspapers in the trash when
  290. 14:18we have a question word like who what
  291. 14:21when where at the beginning of a
  292. 14:23question those are almost always
  293. 14:25stressed who who keeps leaving who keep
  294. 14:29keeps leaving who keeps leaving who
  295. 14:31keeps leaving old newspapers in the
  296. 14:33trash now let's talk about the word old
  297. 14:36it said quickly it's not stressed old
  298. 14:39old old I want to make sure you don't
  299. 14:41lift your tongue tip for this L this is
  300. 14:43a dark
  301. 14:46L that dark sound is made with the back
  302. 14:49of the tongue actually not the front the
  303. 14:52light L is made with the front of the
  304. 14:54tongue so keep your tongue tip down
  305. 14:56here oh
  306. 15:00and press the back of the tongue down
  307. 15:02and back a little bit try to shift it a
  308. 15:05little bit towards the back of your
  309. 15:07throat oh just the very back of your
  310. 15:10tongue oh that will help get that dark
  311. 15:13sound old old old old old old newspapers
  312. 15:18old newspapers so it's not old but old
  313. 15:22old old unstress said pretty quickly old
  314. 15:27old old news papers in the trash now
  315. 15:30let's look at our last three words here
  316. 15:32in the trash in
  317. 15:35the said very quickly not very clearly
  318. 15:38in the in the in the in the can you do
  319. 15:41that that quickly in the in the in the
  320. 15:44trash then trash is nice and long in the
  321. 15:47trash also the TR cluster again here CH
  322. 15:52HR just like in tree how that becomes
  323. 15:56tree trash is way more commonly
  324. 15:59pronounced trash with a CHR feel trash
  325. 16:05trash the trash the trash the
  326. 16:11trash I really wanted to take Kathy to
  327. 16:13this I really wanted to take Kathy to
  328. 16:17this okay we have two shapes of stress
  329. 16:20going up and down I
  330. 16:23really wanted to take
  331. 16:27Carey to this and everything else so so
  332. 16:31smooth just floating up or floating down
  333. 16:35now we've talked about T's quite a bit
  334. 16:38we had a stop T here we had a t dropped
  335. 16:42in the word at on the previous slide we
  336. 16:45have the T turning into a CH
  337. 16:48sound T is sort of an interesting sound
  338. 16:51we change it a lot in American English
  339. 16:54let's look at how these T's are
  340. 16:56pronounced we have 1 2 3 three four T
  341. 17:01sounds I really want to take Kathy to
  342. 17:03this I really want to take Kathy to this
  343. 17:06I really wanted to take Kathy to this
  344. 17:08wanted wanted no T there totally dropped
  345. 17:12that's pretty common the Ed ending here
  346. 17:16adds an extra quick little syllable id
  347. 17:18id wanted wanted wanted
  348. 17:21wanted I would think of this vowel as
  349. 17:24the uh as in butter vowel very relaxed
  350. 17:27uh uhw what wanted wanted
  351. 17:31wanted I really wanted I really wanted I
  352. 17:35really wanted all right let's look at
  353. 17:36this
  354. 17:38tea I really want to take Kathy I really
  355. 17:41want to take Kathy I really want to take
  356. 17:44Kathy I really wanted take I mean
  357. 17:48honestly I almost don't hear this word
  358. 17:51wanted take I almost just hear it going
  359. 17:55right into the word take but we can't
  360. 17:59think of this as being a quick schah so
  361. 18:01the word
  362. 18:03to just like in the word tonight you
  363. 18:07might want to pronounce this to but it's
  364. 18:09almost always reduced to the schw t t
  365. 18:12tonight now when the sound before is a d
  366. 18:15like it is here it's pretty common to
  367. 18:17drop the T Al together and just link the
  368. 18:20schah onto the D wanted wanted to I
  369. 18:24really wanted to wanted to I really
  370. 18:27wanted to take Kathy
  371. 18:29I really wanted to take cath I really
  372. 18:31wanted to take Cathy here the schwat is
  373. 18:34so so fast I almost don't even hear it
  374. 18:36when it a take it's just a little bit
  375. 18:38sloppy right one more clear
  376. 18:43but these two unstress sybles just way
  377. 18:46less clear want to take Kathy want to
  378. 18:49take Kathy want to take Kathy take Kathy
  379. 18:52take Kathy so this T here is a true tea
  380. 18:56t
  381. 18:59where we get that crisp
  382. 19:02release and that's because it starts a
  383. 19:04stressed syllable a t followed by a
  384. 19:08vowel or diff thong that starts a
  385. 19:10stressed syllable is always going to be
  386. 19:12a true te take take Kathy take Kathy
  387. 19:17take Kathy to this Kathy to this C
  388. 19:21that's the a as in bat vowel
  389. 19:24Cathy tongue tip through the teeth for
  390. 19:27this unvoiced th
  391. 19:32cathed now again the word to not
  392. 19:34pronounced
  393. 19:36to the vowel is the
  394. 19:39schah and the t is actually a flap T
  395. 19:42linking the ending e vowel of Cathy into
  396. 19:46the schah Cathy Cathy
  397. 19:51cath Cathy to this cath this Cathy this
  398. 19:56Cathy this
  399. 20:01I really wanted to take Kathy to this I
  400. 20:02can't believe I missed it I can't
  401. 20:04believe I missed it I can't believe I
  402. 20:09missed it two peaks of stress there I
  403. 20:13can't
  404. 20:14believe I
  405. 20:17miss it the I vowel of missed is our
  406. 20:21biggest up down shape of stress now
  407. 20:23remember we want that pitch change me
  408. 20:27not me
  409. 20:29but
  410. 20:31more missed it I missed it I can't
  411. 20:34believe I missed it I can't believe I
  412. 20:36missed it I can't believe I missed it
  413. 20:39the Ed ending in Mist makes a t sound M
  414. 20:45it and this te is a stop te it's not
  415. 20:48released that would be miss it t t but
  416. 20:54ending T's we almost always make those
  417. 20:56stop T's I missed it
  418. 20:59I missed it I missed it I missed it I
  419. 21:03can't believe I can't believe I can't
  420. 21:05believe so this T also a stop little
  421. 21:09tiny lift there I can't believe I
  422. 21:12can't I can't believe I can't believe I
  423. 21:16can't believe I can't
  424. 21:20believe I really wanted to take Kathy to
  425. 21:22this I can't believe I missed it hey you
  426. 21:24know at least you have somebody to miss
  427. 21:26that stuff with hey hey up down shape of
  428. 21:30stress as always hey a pitch change for
  429. 21:34our stressed syllables hey hey hey hey
  430. 21:39you know you know you know you know okay
  431. 21:42so this little two-word phrase a filler
  432. 21:44phrase pretty common in American English
  433. 21:47said so quickly the first word youu is
  434. 21:51often pronounced Y which is exactly
  435. 21:54what's happening here you know you know
  436. 21:56and it links right into the n consonant
  437. 21:59you know you know so don't pronounce
  438. 22:02that too clearly you know but rather you
  439. 22:05know you know just sort of thrown out
  440. 22:09you know you know you know you know at
  441. 22:13least you have somebody to miss that
  442. 22:14stuff with the word at in the phrase at
  443. 22:18least would be pronounced it it schah
  444. 22:22stop te and I don't really hear it at
  445. 22:24all here but at least I pretty much just
  446. 22:27hear least
  447. 22:29so even though I know it's there because
  448. 22:30grammatically that's what's correct I
  449. 22:32don't really hear it that's how much
  450. 22:34it's reduced you know at least you know
  451. 22:37at least you know at least you have
  452. 22:39somebody to miss that stuff with have
  453. 22:42somebody to miss that stuff with so our
  454. 22:45two verbs are our stressed words here
  455. 22:47everything else is either leading up to
  456. 22:49or falling away from it have somebody to
  457. 22:52miss that stuff with have somebody to
  458. 22:55miss that stuff with have somebody to
  459. 22:58miss that stuff with I'm trying to hear
  460. 23:00the tea here I think I would write that
  461. 23:03as a very very light true tea least you
  462. 23:07least you least you that's not too clear
  463. 23:10is it let me write that a little bit
  464. 23:13better got to be able to read my
  465. 23:15handwriting for it to be clear right but
  466. 23:18it's soft it's not
  467. 23:19least but it's least
  468. 23:22you least you least you least you
  469. 23:26have least you have least you have at
  470. 23:29least you have somebody to miss that
  471. 23:31stuff with have somebody to have
  472. 23:34somebody to so have much longer much
  473. 23:37clearer somebody to said really quickly
  474. 23:42somebody somebody somebody and we don't
  475. 23:45have the pitch variation right have we
  476. 23:48have a lot of pitch variation up and
  477. 23:52down somebody to unstressed much flatter
  478. 23:55somebody to somebody to somebody
  479. 23:59somebody somebody somebody and again the
  480. 24:02word two
  481. 24:04pronounced flap
  482. 24:06T somebody somebody somebody somebody
  483. 24:11somebody somebody to miss that stuff
  484. 24:14with Miss that stuff with I'm going to
  485. 24:17say there's a little bit of up down
  486. 24:19shape stress here as well miss that
  487. 24:22stuff with so that stuff
  488. 24:26flatter not quite as l L not quite as
  489. 24:29long as Miss and with and that ending th
  490. 24:34unvoiced tongue tip comes through miss
  491. 24:37that stuff with Miss that stuff with
  492. 24:41Miss that stuff with and we can see that
  493. 24:44in her mouth we can see her tongue tip
  494. 24:46come through the
  495. 24:47teeth
  496. 24:49with
  497. 24:52with
  498. 24:54with Miss that stuff with that stuff
  499. 24:58that stuff
  500. 24:59flat stop tea not released that stuff
  501. 25:04that stuff that stuff that stuff that
  502. 25:09stuff with looking at this next phrase
  503. 25:12without having listened to it yet I'm
  504. 25:14just going to guess that hate has a lot
  505. 25:18of stress that word has a lot of emotion
  506. 25:20in it it's a strong word and I bet it
  507. 25:24has a bunch of up down
  508. 25:26shape hate being alone this time of year
  509. 25:29hate being alone this time of year hate
  510. 25:32being alone this time of year
  511. 25:35hate hate being alone this time of year
  512. 25:38definitely it's the loudest I would say
  513. 25:40the pitch is the highest has the most
  514. 25:43contrast
  515. 25:44hate hate being alone a little bit of
  516. 25:49stress there this time of year a little
  517. 25:52bit of stress there hate being alone
  518. 25:54this time of year hate being alone this
  519. 25:57time of year
  520. 25:58hate being alone this time of year so
  521. 26:01here I felt like she dropped the word at
  522. 26:04and here I feel like she's dropping the
  523. 26:06word I hate being alone we know it's
  524. 26:09there we know it's what she means
  525. 26:11grammatically but I don't hear it hate
  526. 26:13being alone now look at this it's not
  527. 26:16hate being alone even though the word is
  528. 26:18stressed the t is still a stop te
  529. 26:21because the next word begins with a
  530. 26:23consonant hate being hate being that
  531. 26:27little abrupt stop hate being that is
  532. 26:31the stop te hate
  533. 26:33being hate being hate being hate being
  534. 26:37alone this time of year being alone this
  535. 26:39time being alone this time being alone
  536. 26:42this time pretty different then hate
  537. 26:45hate so much more volume and emotion in
  538. 26:48that word being alone this time being
  539. 26:50alone this time much flatter in Pitch
  540. 26:53said much more
  541. 26:55quickly being so the NG consonant links
  542. 27:00right into the schah of alone being
  543. 27:04alone this time this vo th unstressed
  544. 27:10word though tongue tip doesn't have to
  545. 27:11come through L this
  546. 27:17time the S links right into a light true
  547. 27:21[Music]
  548. 27:24T the word of time
  549. 27:29becomes just the
  550. 27:32schah linking into the M Tim Tim time of
  551. 27:36year time of year being alone this time
  552. 27:39of year being alone this time of year
  553. 27:42being alone this time of year this time
  554. 27:44of year this time of year and like we
  555. 27:47said a little bit of up down shape of
  556. 27:49stress on the word year now year versus
  557. 27:55ear this word can be tricky especially
  558. 27:58for my Spanish speakers look it up here
  559. 28:01on YouTube I have a video year versus
  560. 28:04ear that I hope will help you hear this
  561. 28:07why Glide consonant sound in the word
  562. 28:10year hate being alone hate being alone
  563. 28:14hate being
  564. 28:17alone this time of year this time of
  565. 28:21year this time of
  566. 28:26year hate being alone this time time of
  567. 28:28year hate being alone this time of year
  568. 28:31hate being alone this time of year next
  569. 28:33thing you know it'll be Valentine's Day
  570. 28:36next thing it'll be Valentine's Day okay
  571. 28:40so Val has so much stress she sort of
  572. 28:43holds on to the beginning consonant a
  573. 28:45little bit v v that makes the stress
  574. 28:49even clearer next thing you know it will
  575. 28:53be wow all of those words said extremely
  576. 28:57quickly
  577. 28:59next thing you know it'll be next thing
  578. 29:00you know it'll be next thing you know
  579. 29:02it'll be next thing you know it'll be
  580. 29:04next thing you know it'll be so the word
  581. 29:06next said very unclearly next thing you
  582. 29:09know I hear the ks cluster of the X but
  583. 29:13that's kind of it I hardly hear the a
  584. 29:15vowel don't really hear the N the T
  585. 29:18would be dropped here because it's
  586. 29:20linking into a word that begins with a
  587. 29:26consonant know next thing you know next
  588. 29:29thing you know you know becomes you you
  589. 29:31know you know you know thing you know
  590. 29:33thing you know thing you know so the NG
  591. 29:35consonant of thing linking right into
  592. 29:38the
  593. 29:39why of you
  594. 29:42thing thing know thing you know thing
  595. 29:44you know that links right into the N
  596. 29:47consonant for the word no and it's flat
  597. 29:51unclear thing know thing you know thing
  598. 29:53you know thing you know you have to
  599. 29:55simplify your mouth movements a lot to
  600. 29:57say it this quickly and that will help
  601. 30:00relax into the sounds and let the
  602. 30:02placement be a little bit lower thing
  603. 30:04you know thing you know if you've never
  604. 30:06heard the word placement look up my
  605. 30:08video actually I have a playlist on
  606. 30:10placement that's going to really help
  607. 30:12you out that lower placement will help
  608. 30:14you sound more natural speaking English
  609. 30:17next thing you know next thing you know
  610. 30:19next thing you know it'll be Valentine's
  611. 30:21Day it will becomes it it it it so let
  612. 30:25me just write that out in IPA the
  613. 30:28International Phonetic
  614. 30:30Alphabet it as in sit flap T
  615. 30:34schah dark L it'll it it'll it it it
  616. 30:39it'll it'll it'll it'll it'll it'll be
  617. 30:41it'll be it'll be it'll be what'll be
  618. 30:45what'll be Valentine's Day Valentine's
  619. 30:48Day this is a true te this syllable has
  620. 30:51secondary stress Valentine's Day
  621. 30:59Valentine's Day Valentine's Day
  622. 31:03Valentine's Day then my birthday then my
  623. 31:06birthday then my
  624. 31:10unstressed said very quickly then my
  625. 31:12then my then my then my birthday and
  626. 31:16then we have up down shape of
  627. 31:19stress on the first syllable of birthday
  628. 31:22this word is tricky it's the IR
  629. 31:26vowel
  630. 31:29B not B
  631. 31:33bir and then again that tricky Uno th
  632. 31:37tongue has to come through the teeth
  633. 31:41Birthday
  634. 31:43birth day so you want this up down shape
  635. 31:47on
  636. 31:48the sound bur B
  637. 31:53birthday birthday birthday birthday then
  638. 31:58bang I love this then bang then bang so
  639. 32:03we're really seeing here the contrast
  640. 32:06between an unstress then then then it's
  641. 32:10flat it's short bang then this is much
  642. 32:14louder higher in Pitch up down shape of
  643. 32:19stress this would be written in IPA B
  644. 32:23sound a vowel NG consonant but a gets
  645. 32:29changed by this ending consonant and
  646. 32:32it's more like a
  647. 32:34[Laughter]
  648. 32:36b bang bang B bang then bang then bang
  649. 32:44before you know it before you know it
  650. 32:46before you know it we're going down and
  651. 32:50then up here no it no is our stressed
  652. 32:55word the word before she she's sort of
  653. 32:58dropping the first syllable for you for
  654. 33:00you for you for you for for for you for
  655. 33:04you for you for you flat simple the word
  656. 33:08u reduced just like it was up here to Y
  657. 33:13it happens down here as well yeah for
  658. 33:15you for you for you for you know it
  659. 33:20know it those two words Glide together
  660. 33:24very smoothly we've got the O diff thong
  661. 33:28gliding into the I vowel of course we
  662. 33:31have a stop T there
  663. 33:34no and you can think of going through
  664. 33:36the Glide consonant W to connect those
  665. 33:39two words
  666. 33:43no what before you know before you know
  667. 33:47before you know what they're lighting
  668. 33:48that damn tree again they're lighting
  669. 33:50that they're lighten that peak of stress
  670. 33:55on light
  671. 33:58now she turns the ngg ending into just
  672. 34:02an N ending lighten light light making
  673. 34:08that a stop te lighten lighten they're
  674. 34:11lighten before you know it they're
  675. 34:13lightting the damn tree again they are
  676. 34:16there there there
  677. 34:18there unstressed low in Pitch they're
  678. 34:22lightting they're light they're light
  679. 34:25they're lighting that damn tree again
  680. 34:27they're they're lighting that they're
  681. 34:29lightting that the word that just Falls
  682. 34:32away from the stressed syllable lie it's
  683. 34:35got a stop te lighten that lighten that
  684. 34:39they're lighten that they're lighten
  685. 34:41that they're lighten that damn tree
  686. 34:43again damn tree again now damn
  687. 34:47definitely has stress our adjective damn
  688. 34:51tree again and so does the noun tree
  689. 34:54damn tree those are both longer they
  690. 34:58both have the
  691. 34:59uh shape of stress
  692. 35:03damn
  693. 35:04tree the n in dam is silent the TR R
  694. 35:08becomes a
  695. 35:09CHR Dam
  696. 35:13Tre again and then the word again just
  697. 35:16Falls away from the stress syllable tree
  698. 35:21tree so the word tree ends in the E
  699. 35:24vowel the word again begins with a schah
  700. 35:29tree and in order to connect these two
  701. 35:32words you can think of going through the
  702. 35:34Glide consonant the Y sound
  703. 35:37[Music]
  704. 35:38tree again tree again damn tree again
  705. 35:44damn damn so much smoothness here we're
  706. 35:48really seeing the contrast and Pitch
  707. 35:51we're really seeing the contrast in
  708. 35:53stressed syllables versus unstressed
  709. 35:55syllables so many key pronunciations to
  710. 35:59notice all of these things come together
  711. 36:02to make the character of American
  712. 36:04English these things like the Rhythm the
  713. 36:08pitch the change in louder and quieter
  714. 36:12syllables these things are actually more
  715. 36:14important than individual sounds for the
  716. 36:17overall feeling of American English damn
  717. 36:21Tre again
  718. 36:22damn
  719. 36:24damn let's listen to this whole
  720. 36:26conversation one more time
  721. 36:29hey look at this they're lighting the
  722. 36:30big Christmas tree tonight um that
  723. 36:32paper's 2 weeks
  724. 36:34old all right who keeps leaving old
  725. 36:37newspapers in the
  726. 36:40trash I really wanted to take Kathy to
  727. 36:42this I can't believe I missed it hey you
  728. 36:44know at least you have somebody to miss
  729. 36:46that stuff with hate being alone this
  730. 36:48time of year next thing you know it'll
  731. 36:50be Valentine's Day then my birthday then
  732. 36:53bang before you know it they're lighting
  733. 36:55that damn tree
  734. 36:56again don't forget to visit Rachels
  735. 36:59english.com sfree to get the free course
  736. 37:02the top three ways to master the
  737. 37:04American accent keep your learning going
  738. 37:07now with this video and don't forget to
  739. 37:09subscribe with notifications on I love
  740. 37:12being your English teacher that's it and
  741. 37:14thanks so much for using Rachel's
  742. 37:16English

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