Selenium Java Coding Tips & Tricks #13 |Selenium WebDriver Common Exceptions — Transcript

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1. 0:00yeah all right so today we are going to see  uh one of the most important concept common
2. 0:09linear web driver exceptions so we will get  common exceptions most of the time web driver
3. 0:14exceptions when you're writing automation  test scripts or when you're running your
4. 0:18automation test scripts we will commonly get  some kind of exceptions so what is the main
5. 0:23objective of exception so why we'll get an  exception why we'll get an exception normally
6. 0:31because of some input is not valid then uh we'll  get some exception so what is the purpose of uh
7. 0:37concept of exception handling what's the main  concept of exception handling suppose if there
8. 0:42is any exception so we should not make our code or  script terminate immediately so instead of that we
9. 0:48need to prop we need to provide a proper message  uh then we will exit from the code so we should
10. 0:55not immediately terminate the code with proper  message we need to exit from the code whenever you
11. 1:01get some exception so that is the main objective  of using exception handling right even selenium
12. 1:07also there are different type of exceptions are  there so we will discuss one by one around 15 to
13. 1:1220 exceptions are there which are very commonly uh  we will see while executing our test or framework
14. 1:19and first we'll see what is that exception name  and when you will get that type of exception
15. 1:24and how we can handle that exception the first  one knows a such element exception so very very
16. 1:30common exceptions many times we have seen this  exception no such element exception so what is no
17. 1:36such element exception when you will get it occurs  when an element with the special specified locator
18. 1:42cannot be found in the Dom so for example what  let's say I provided one locator let's say by.
19. 1:48ID some ID or some name or some xath I provided  but with that uh with this particular attribute
20. 1:55or with this xath or with this CS there is no  element available in the web page in that case
21. 2:01you will get a no such element exception so trying  to interact with the element that doesn't exist on
22. 2:06the web page itself so whatever the locator you  passed here corresponding element itself is not
23. 2:12available in the web page so in that particular  case you will see no such element exception okay
24. 2:19so suppose when you write statement like this  suppose here the ID is not available or xath or
25. 2:25CS is not available the xath ID name you have used  is correctly written but but the corresponding
26. 2:30element is not available the element itself is  not available so in that case you will get a no
27. 2:36such element exception so how we can handle this  so normally you can put in the TR catch block so
28. 2:43you can put that element in the tri catch block  and in the catch block you can say no such element
29. 2:47exception and simply provide a message to the  user like element not found along with the proper
30. 2:53message okay and uh sometimes maybe the element  takes some time to load on the web page page so
31. 3:00you can also wait for the element for some time  let's say you can use web driver weit like this
32. 3:05and wait until expected conditions do presence  of element located and then pass the locator
33. 3:11and it will wait for the element and once it is  present on the web page then it will return the
34. 3:16web element and then it will continue the process  but even after 10 seconds if the element is not
35. 3:22available me then again you'll get the timeout  exception then because we use web driver weight
36. 3:28also right even web driver weight is also exceeded  the time so then you will get the time out
37. 3:32exception okay sometimes we can handle through web  driver weight even web driver weight is also not
38. 3:38able to solve means there is some problem with the  element so that element is not available so this
39. 3:44is how we can handle it we can put the TR catch  block the element locator along with this we can
40. 3:49put Tri block and catch block we can just simply  provide the message to the user so that is no such
41. 3:55element exception so when you will get this if the  locator is correct but corresponding element is
42. 4:01not available or not present on the web page then  you will get no such element exception you need to
43. 4:08remember guys because in interview definitely they  will ask some kind of exceptions at least four
44. 4:13to five exceptions you need to remember very very  important and whatever exceptions I have noted in
45. 4:19this document all are important 15 to 20 types  of exceptions very frequently we'll get these
46. 4:25exceptions you should remember them now the next  exception is element not visible exception this
47. 4:31is another type of exception element not visible  exception so when this will occur it occurs when
48. 4:38element is present in the Dom but it is not  visible on theb page okay you understood my
49. 4:45point element is present in the Dom but it is not  visible and what kind of element it is it is there
50. 4:54in the DM but it is not visible on the page this  is basically hidden element right hidden element
51. 5:00so occurs when element is present in the DM  but it's not visible on the web page then you
52. 5:05will get a element not visible exception so  normally we will capture the element and then
53. 5:11we will try to perform the action click action  then you will get this exception identifying the
54. 5:16element is working fine but when you perform the  action it is not visible so you'll get element
55. 5:23not visible exception right so how we can handle  this normally so whenever you get an element first
56. 5:30verify the status okay if it is displayed then  click on the element okay if it is not displayed
57. 5:37obviously it will throw exception so we need to  handle that in the catch block element not visible
58. 5:41exception and provide the proper message to the  user element is not visible sometimes even though
59. 5:48it is not visible on the web page we can make it  visible forcefully and then we can perform the
60. 5:53action using JavaScript executor it is possible  so how we can make it visible Js JavaScript execut
61. 6:00execute script arguments of zero style. display.  block element whatever element we are looking for
62. 6:06can pass the element and this par statement will  make our element visible on the page after it is
63. 6:13visible then we can perform the click action so  most of the times this solution will solve it
64. 6:19especially when you have hidden elements so  the elements are present in the DM but they
65. 6:23are not visible on the web page so we can make  those elements visible using JavaScript executor
66. 6:30and then we can perform the click action so  this will solve the problem and we can also
67. 6:35handle this using TR catch block suppose if you  don't if you're not using JavaScript executor so
68. 6:39definitely that will throw exception so you can  handle the exception using TR catch block but if
69. 6:44you're using JavaScript executor it will able  to handle it then you don't need to use TR C
70. 6:48block so this is element not visible exception now  third one stale element reference exception stale
71. 6:59element reference exceptions very very important  and very popular exception stale element reference
72. 7:06exception so when you will get this the exception  is thrown when an element is no longer attached to
73. 7:12the DM usually after a page update or refresh very  very important exception guys suppose you captured
74. 7:22some element and you have performed some action  immediately it is working fine but after writing
75. 7:28some piece of code suppose you have written some  piece of code for loading page or refreshing the
76. 7:32page after that again if you're trying to perform  or after that you're trying to locate this element
77. 7:38then you'll get a stale element refer exception  so stale is nothing but what whenever you refresh
78. 7:44the page or whenever you update your page the  element becomes stale so the locator may not
79. 7:50work so you need to again locate the element  one more time so how we can handle this we need
80. 7:55to just relocate the element one more time we  need to write a locator for example let's say
81. 8:00here I have located my element and when performing  the action it is throwing stale element reference
82. 8:05exception so immediately in the catch block what  you need to do again relocate the same element
83. 8:10write the whole thing again one more time and  then perform the action so this will solve the
84. 8:15problem stale element reference exception can  be solved by relocating the element once again
85. 8:21because whenever you refresh the page or whenever  you update the page or reload the page the same
86. 8:26locator may not work one more time time so you  need to again keep on uh Rite the same locator
87. 8:33one more time that is stale element reference  exception steel element reference exception
88. 8:42so let me give you an example so when it will  happen normally most of the times you will see
89. 8:48this exception let's say uh this is my automation  script let's say in the first place here I have
90. 8:53located my element this is my element okay and my  element is here now I have done some activity here
91. 9:01and here my I refreshed my page and again this  element I'm trying to use it here so then what
92. 9:08happens we will get a stale element reference  exception because you have done some update or
93. 9:14you have done some refresh after locating this  element so here what you need to do again you
94. 9:19need to write a locator here one more time you  need to locate the element and then you will
95. 9:23get the you can continue the action so that  you can do using TR catch block so this say
96. 9:29stale element reference exceptions whenever you  refresh the page or whenever you update the page
97. 9:35the element becomes stale so in that case you  will get a stale element exception what is the
98. 9:40solution for this you just relocate the element  in the catch block next one invalid element State
99. 9:47exception invalid element State exception so when  it will thrown when attempting to interact with a
100. 9:57element that cannot be interact Ed with such as  disabled form field entering text into disabled
101. 10:04text field very important most of the times  it will happen suppose invalid element State
102. 10:12exception invalid element State exception let's  say you have some input box and currently it is a
103. 10:19disabled State you you can't enter any value but  still you are entering the value by using send
104. 10:24Keys method so because it is a disable it cannot  it is not allowed to to provide any value into
105. 10:30it so in that case you will get invalid element  State exception currently the state of element is
106. 10:36not ready to accept the data or accept the value  so in that case we'll get a invalid element State
107. 10:44exception if it is enabl then only we can pass  or we can interact with the element not only
108. 10:49input box in case of buttons also sometimes it  will happen suppose button is a disabled but you
109. 10:54trying to click on that button in that case  also you'll get invalid element State except
110. 11:00so first of all before performing any action  on the element that element should allow us
111. 11:03to perform the action it can be click or can send  Keys whatever so otherwise it will throw invalid
112. 11:10element State exception so for example here  I have taken some input field and I'm passing
113. 11:15the send Keys method if it is a disable then  the send Keys method will throw invalid stale
114. 11:20element exception so again how we can handle this  sample we can put the tri catch block so we can
115. 11:26just put the input field in the tri block and  pass this value if it is through an exception
116. 11:31catch block you can handle this invalid element  State exception and just provide the message to
117. 11:36the user like cannot interact with the element  because it is disabled something like that it
118. 11:41can provide some user defined message to the user  okay so this is invalid element State exception
119. 11:48if the element is disabled if you are trying to  perform some action on that element then you will
120. 11:53get an invalid element State exception this is one  more important thing now next one element click
121. 12:02intercepted exception this is also very common  exception most of the times we have seen this
122. 12:07element click intercepted exception element click  intercepted exceptions occur when another element
123. 12:15abstract The Click action another element abstract  The Click action element click this exception is
124. 12:22specifically for clicking when you're clicking  on checkbox or when you're clicking on the radio
125. 12:27button or when you're clicking on the button or L  you will get element click intercepted exception
126. 12:32so when you will get these exceptions suppose uh  you have some web page and you are trying to click
127. 12:40on this link or button and you have S you have  written code properly and it is trying to click on
128. 12:46this but when you're launching the page sometimes  the page is not maximized sometimes page is small
129. 12:53size page is open okay and sometimes elements is  overlapped in that case what happens the another
130. 13:00element will abstract The Click action so it is  not allowing to click on the particular element
131. 13:06maybe the because of overlapping because of the  size of the page it is not allowing us to click on
132. 13:11that element so in that case you will get element  click intercepted exception it is basically
133. 13:17interrupted The Click action so element click  intercepted exception you will get whenever the
134. 13:24another element abstract The Click action so for  example I have located a button element I'm just
135. 13:30performing The Click so if any other element is  overlapped or any other element is disturbing the
136. 13:35process or thing then you'll get this exception  it's not allowing to perform the click action
137. 13:40then how we can handle this you can put in the  try catch block so try button in the try you can
138. 13:45capture the button perform the click if it is not  able to click element clicker interception will be
139. 13:49return and then you can provide proper message to  the user but how we can handle this suppose this
140. 13:56is not problem of user actually so we can still  handle how we can handle using explicit weight
141. 14:02or JavaScript executor we can use so most of the  times we can solve this element cck intercepted
142. 14:07exception either by using explicit weight or by  writing JavaScript executor there are two methods
143. 14:12are there to solve this problem first method  using explicit weight so you can just create a
144. 14:19a web driver weight explicit weight and wait until  element to be clickable this is the conditional
145. 14:25method we have to use so once the element is able  to click if the condition matches then we can
146. 14:31perform the click action so mostly this will solve  the problem element click intercepted exception
147. 14:38okay so in case even explicit weight is also not  able to solve then you can use JavaScript executor
148. 14:44approach so JavaScript executor definitely will  solve the problem because we are internally
149. 14:49directly executing the JavaScript instead of  inter instead of running the web driver command
150. 14:55so js. execute script arguments of zero means what  what whatever element we are passing here that is
151. 15:01stored in arguments of zero then we are performing  The Click action through JavaScript executor so
152. 15:06element so element click intercepted exception  we can solve either by using explicit weight
153. 15:15or by using JavaScript executor okay and if you  still want to handle this then you can again put
154. 15:22in the tri catch block okay so uh in the cat block  directly you can put the solution okay so if it is
155. 15:31throw exception then alternative you can try with  explicit weight alternate you can put Javascript
156. 15:35executor that you can put in the catch block that  will automatically solve the problem so element
157. 15:40click intercepted exception when you will get  this exception if any element any other element
158. 15:46interrupt the process or interrupt The Click  action or interrupt any other action you will get
159. 15:51a element click Interceptor exception most common  exception next element not intractable exception
160. 16:02sometimes you'll get this inter element not  intractable when this will occur when the element
161. 16:08present in the DM the element is present in the  DM but it is not in the state to be interacted it
162. 16:14can be hidden or it can be disabled there multiple  options are there there multiple reasons are there
163. 16:20so element is there it is there in the Dom but  we are not able to interact this suppose if it
164. 16:27is input box we are not able to pass the value  if it is a button we are not able to click on
165. 16:31the button so we're not able to interact with the  element maybe it is a hidden element or it may be
166. 16:38disable State we don't know so in multiple cases  you will get element not interactable exception
167. 16:44so what is the solution again we can put in the  TR catch block click on the element and element
168. 16:49not interactable exception and provide the  message how we can solve this there are three
169. 16:53different ways we can solve this problem element  not interactable first thing using explicit
170. 16:59wait we can solve because we are waiting here  till the element is clickable or till element to
171. 17:04be clickable and then get the element perform the  click this is one solution if it is didn't work
172. 17:11then you can go with the make the element visible  first and the same solution we have used for
173. 17:17disable this hidden elements also same solution  may work here so first make the element is visible
174. 17:23on the Dom and then perform the click action this  is one solution using JavaScript executor if it
175. 17:29is a hidden you can apply this solution suppose  if it is a disabled State okay and then you can
176. 17:35use JavaScript execut so this is another solution  okay so these are the different three solutions
177. 17:41which we have to solve element not intractable  exception next no such attribute exception no
178. 17:51such attribute exception sometimes we are trying  to get some value of the attribute of the element
179. 17:56for example let's say uh just now we have seen so  I just capture one element from that element I'm
180. 18:02trying to get some attribute it can be name or ID  placeholder whatever and based on the value I want
181. 18:08to do some task sometimes if the attribute is not  available for the element but still you are trying
182. 18:14to get the value of the attribute then you'll  get a no such attribute exception so Throne when
183. 18:20trying to retrieve an attribute from the element  but the attribute does not exist okay suppose I'm
184. 18:28I want to capture the value of the name attribute  I have written get attribute of name but name is
185. 18:33not available for the attribute then you will get  a no such attribute exception again that you can
186. 18:39put inside the tri Tri block and if that that  will throw exception then by using catch block
187. 18:45you can put no such attribute exception and  provide the proper message to the user this
188. 18:50is no such attribute exception using T cat block  we can handle next one no such window exception
189. 18:59no such window and this exception we will get  mostly we will work with the multiple windows
190. 19:04or multiple tabs we have a switching Command right  switch. new window switch. window so while working
191. 19:11with those methods we will get no such window  exception so Throne when trying to switch to
192. 19:16window that does not exist so if you got window ID  or handle value and by using the handle you trying
193. 19:23to switch to the particular window but by the time  that window is got closed by some reason so then
194. 19:29you will get a no such window exception so you're  trying to switch to some window suppose you have
195. 19:33open two windows one is parent and child window  and you have successfully switched to the child
196. 19:38window and by mistake you closed your parent  window now again you trying to switch back to
197. 19:43the parent window in that scenario you will get  a no such window exception if the window is not
198. 19:50available but still you're trying to switch to it  in that case you'll get a no such window exception
199. 19:55so in that case put that in the tri block switch  to window and in the catch block write a small
200. 20:01message to the user window is not found so the  program will not be terminate unexpectedly so it
201. 20:06will properly terminate the program properly exit  from the program this is no such window exception
202. 20:12and belongs to Windows similarly there is same  kind of exception is there for frame no such frame
203. 20:19exception no such frame again same reason suppose  I'm trying to switch to particular frame but the
204. 20:26frame is does not exist so then you will get a no  such frame exception I'm trying to switch to the
205. 20:32frame but the frame itself is does not exist  on the page then you will get a no such frame
206. 20:37exception and again you can put that command in  the tri block and in the catch block you can write
207. 20:42no such frame exception and provide message to the  user no such frame exception and same thing for we
208. 20:50have for alert also no alert present exception no  alert present exception so when you will get this
209. 20:57occur when trying to inter interact with the alert  that does not exist suppose I just want to capture
210. 21:03the alert then I want to close it for example so  you trying to switch to it once you get alert then
211. 21:10you can accept it but suppose this is not able  to get the alert why because the alert itself
212. 21:16is not available that doesn't exist if it is exist  then you are able to switch to alert then you can
213. 21:21accept it but the alert itself is not exist then  how come this switch. alert will get the alert
214. 21:26to you it cannot get so in that case you will get  a no alert present exception and again same thing
215. 21:32we can put that command in the tri block and uh if  it is through exception then catch block you can
216. 21:38handle this no alert present exception you can  provide proper exception name and then provide
217. 21:44message to the user so this is no alert present  except three exceptions are almost similar no such
218. 21:51window exception no such frame exception no such  sorry no alert present exception so these three
219. 21:59Comm exceptions will related to window frame  alert okay if they are not exist till we are
220. 22:06trying to switch to them then you'll get these  exceptions next one UNH handle alert exception
221. 22:14UNH handle alert exception it is also related  to alert so when you'll get this it thrown when
222. 22:21there is unhandled alert preventing web driver  from interacting with the page that means what
223. 22:27attempting to click on element while an alert  is open see whenever you get an alert will you
224. 22:33able to do any other activity till you close  that alert window you cannot proceed further
225. 22:39right so suppose the alert is available but  still you are trying to do some other action
226. 22:45without closing the alert in that case we will  get an exception okay so how to handle this we
227. 22:52can put the switching command and accept command  in the triag block and then if it is thrown UNH
228. 22:58handle alert exception then you can provide proper  message to the user so thr when there is unhandled
229. 23:04alert preventing web driver from interacting with  the web page attempting to click on element while
230. 23:11alert is open then you'll get an unhandled alert  exception next one this is Mo Mouse related action
231. 23:20move Target out the bonds exceptions so most of  the times you will get this exception when you
232. 23:24do mouse actions move Target out of exception  so when this exception occurs suppose you are
233. 23:32trying to move your mouse outside of the visible  screen area so suppose you are in the web page
234. 23:39you want to do some M over action you provide  proper element suppose if the element is out of
235. 23:45the scope or suppose if there is a slider right  in the slider you want to move the slider from
236. 23:51one place to X2 J or J to X some horizontal or  vertical and if you're providing the pixel number
237. 23:58more than the size then you are going out of  the bond so you'll get this exception move
238. 24:04Target out of the bond suppose the slider size is  let's say 0 to 100 and you are trying to move to
239. 24:10125 for example or 150 you are going out of bound  exception you're going to out of bound the range
240. 24:16so then you will get this exception move Target  out of bound exception occurs when trying to move
241. 24:22the mouse outside of the visible screen area and  this will throw exception whenever you move to
242. 24:28element to perform you will get an exception so  better to keep this in the tri block everything
243. 24:34and if you got more Target outut of bond exception  then you can provide proper message to the user to
244. 24:40the catch block this is more Target Auto Bond  exception next screenshot exception so you'll
245. 24:49get this exception when you're working with the  capturing the screenshots suppose you are trying
246. 24:53to capture the screenshot from the page but at  the time it is got minimized for ex sample then
247. 25:00it will fail to capture the screenshot because  whenever you want to capture the screenshot the
248. 25:04page should be visible properly okay so sometimes  it may be visible or sometimes it is minimized
249. 25:12it is not visible in that case it if it is not  properly captured the screenshot then you will
250. 25:18get this exception screenshot exception so that  is the reason whenever you're trying to capture
251. 25:23the screenshot and doing copy and everything you  put that in the tri block and in the catch block
252. 25:28handle the screenshot exception if it is able to  capture the screenshot that's still fine if it is
253. 25:33not able to capture then you will able to handle  the Exception by providing track catch blog this
254. 25:40is related to screenshot exception now invalid  selector exception this is also very commonly uh
255. 25:48we get this exception invalid selector exception  it's very simple suppose you have written some uh
256. 25:55find element by. XO or css or ID what whatever  and you especially related to expath and CSS
257. 26:02invalid selector exception is especially related  to expath and CSS and suppose you have created
258. 26:08some incorrect xath or incorrect CSS then you  will get invalid selector exception incorrect
259. 26:16in the sense what syntactically incorrect suppose  instead of using two slashes you have used only
260. 26:23one single SL forward slash and instead of  keeping single code you suppose you forgot to
261. 26:28put double quotations in the bracket so if expath  CSS syntax is correct in syntax is incorrect then
262. 26:36you will get invalid selector exception so most  of the times we will check xath and CSS uh in
263. 26:41selector Hub whether they're properly trying to  locate element or not then we will use them in
264. 26:47our automation skript most of the time we don't  directly use in our automation skript so there
265. 26:51are very less number of chances are there to get  this exception but sometimes by copy pasting if
266. 26:57you miss something if you miss some syntax then  you will get invalid selector exception especially
267. 27:01for expath and CSS okay now safe side what we can  do is we can put that locator in the tri block and
268. 27:11if it is thrown invalid selector exception then  can handle with the catch block just providing
269. 27:16message to the user that is invalid selector  exception if xath is syntactically incorrect
270. 27:23or css is also syntactically incorrect then you  will get invalid selector exception now next one
271. 27:33invalid session ID exception invalid session ID  exception so what is session ID means what is
272. 27:42the session ID so whenever you trying to launch  or whenever trying to create a driver instance
273. 27:50like whenever you say driver equal to web driver  driver equal to new Chrome driver you're creating
274. 27:55the object for Chrome driver right so that time  the session will be created one session will be
275. 28:01created Chrome browser session or edge browser  session or Firefox browser session will be created
276. 28:07so when you will get invalid session ID exception  suppose when you're trying to use web driver after
277. 28:13session has been terminated you are trying to use  web driver after session has been terminated for
278. 28:20example let's say web driver driver equal to new  Chrome driver you created so that will actually
279. 28:24create the session and immediately you you quit  it or close it after that you're trying to do
280. 28:31some activity so before doing activity itself you  already quitting from the browser already quitting
281. 28:37from the brow closing the browser so obviously  when I use close or quit command what will happen
282. 28:43session will be closed so the session ID no  longer available so in that case you will get
283. 28:49a invalid session exception if the session is not  available that is already session ID is closed by
284. 28:55quit or close command but still you are trying to  interact with the page your element then you will
285. 28:59get invalid s exception so once you created your  driver instance you should not close it till you
286. 29:07complete your activities or till you completed  all the actions on the page okay so by mistake
287. 29:13if you close the page and then you are trying  to do some activity means you will get invalid
288. 29:17session exception so that is the reason you can  just try to put driver. get inside the tri triy
289. 29:23block whenever you're launching the page put that  in the Dy block and in the cash block Cas invalid
290. 29:29session exception and then you can provide message  to the user this is invalid session ID exception
291. 29:39next one timeout exception and this is especially  related to uh explicit weight time out exception
292. 29:47explicit weight so normally implicit weight  also we specify the time right but implicit
293. 29:53weight is applicable for all the elements so  if the suppose I'm looking for some element
294. 29:58and let's say I in implicit we I put 10 seconds  maximum and element is not available within 10
295. 30:06seconds so obviously you will get an exception  related to Element no such element exception
296. 30:11something like this but you won't get timeout  exception there but in case of explicit weight
297. 30:18also we will specify the time right in explicit  weight but how we will use this explicit weight by
298. 30:24putting proper condition let's say I written like  this expected conditions do visibility of element
299. 30:30located some element I provided also I put some  conditional method suppose within this particular
300. 30:37time this condition should be satisfied if this  condition is not satisfied within 10 seconds
301. 30:43then time out exception will come it is based on  the condition and time but in implicit weight we
302. 30:48don't put any condition so obviously that will  throw exception implicit weight will not throw
303. 30:54time out exception but only explicit weight will  throw time out exception so if the condition is
304. 31:00not satisfied within this time then you will get  a timeout exception which is related to explicit
305. 31:08weight so safe side what we can do these weight  statements also we can put in the trage Block in
306. 31:14case if there is an timeout exception we can  handle properly using catch block and we can
307. 31:19exit the program properly without terminating it  so element not found within the time limit you can
308. 31:24just provide proper message to the user and then  you can exit from the program so this is Timeout
309. 31:29exception so timeout exception is basically  related to what explicit weight or fluent weight
310. 31:36not related to uh implicit weight okay next one  insecure certification exception this is related
311. 31:47to SSL certification what is SSL means SSL secure  socket layer so through when selum is unable to
312. 31:57verify certificate of the yeah secure socket  layer so unable to verify the SSS certificate
313. 32:04of the website with an insecure connection so  normally if I open any website which is not
314. 32:10having SSL certificate or invalid certificate  so then what happens by default you will get an
315. 32:16exception insecure certificate exception you will  get but to avoid that exception what we can do we
316. 32:24configure that in the Chrome options right in the  Chrome options we can pass these parameters we can
317. 32:30create a chrome options class and in option  there is a method called set accept insecure
318. 32:34certificates make it as a true in that case  the exception we can avoid insecure certificate
319. 32:40exception we can avoid but if you're not handling  this for example it's not handling this there is
320. 32:46no SSL certificate valid then definitely you  will get an exception but if you still want to
321. 32:53continue with that website with with By ignoring  CER SSL certificate then you can say options do
322. 32:59set accept insecure certification make it is  true and pass the options object in the driver
323. 33:06so that will solve the problem okay so this is  insecure certificate exception related to SSL next
324. 33:14one invalid argument exception  invalid argument exceptions Okay so
325. 33:28in implicit weight or explicit weight can we  pass negative time time in negative value no
326. 33:34time cannot be a negative value right so when you  pass a negative value that is obviously invalid
327. 33:40argument so duration of half seconds should accept  only integers but here I'm passing minus 10 even
328. 33:47it can be implicit we or it can be explicit we  whatever basically it is invalid argument it is
329. 33:52not accepting so that case that will throw invalid  argument exception so whenever you using implicit
330. 33:59weight also all explicit weight keep them also in  TR cach Block in case any issue comes that will
331. 34:05through exception invalid uh argument exception  you will get and you can provide message to the
332. 34:10user so we cannot give the invalid values here  we don't give it because we know but sometimes
333. 34:18if there is any Mistake by mistake if unknowingly  if you provide any negative value then you will
334. 34:22get a invalid argument exception next one web  driver exceptions most of the times you'll
335. 34:30get this whenever you start running your skit  immediately you will get this first of all it
336. 34:35will not launch browser itself immediately you  will get web driver exception so when you will
337. 34:40get this web driver exception most of the times  exception Throne when something goes wrong while
338. 34:47interacting with the driver while interacting  with the driver or when you're creating the
339. 34:53driver instance if something is go goes wrong  then you'll get a web driver exception so what
340. 34:58could be the reasons maybe the browser versions  are not compatible okay suppose you using the old
341. 35:06Chrome version or you are using latest Chrome  version then there is no compatibility right
342. 35:12and similarly if you're using latest version of  selenium but browser is very old then again no
343. 35:16compatibility browser is latest but we are using  very old version of selenium so then also there is
344. 35:22no compatibility so in that case if there is any  conflict between your driver and your browser you
345. 35:28will get a web driver exceptions so at the time  of creating web driver driver equal to new Chrome
346. 35:34driver so you will that will not execute first  of all the driver creation itself will fail in
347. 35:40that case you will get a web driver exception  so better to keep those statements in the TR
348. 35:44catch block itself if there is any problem you can  safely exit from the program without interruption
349. 35:50so web driver exception you can put in the catch  block you can provide General web driver exception
350. 35:54is occurred and again you need to check all the  versions and properly aled or not then you can
351. 36:00fix that so this is web driver exception if  web driver exception comes your script will
352. 36:05not continue first of all even the browser itself  will not launch if you have web driver exception
353. 36:11because at the time of creating the driver itself  you have some issue with that this is web driver
354. 36:18exception next one session not found exception  session not found exception and this is also again
355. 36:28same kind of a scenario previously we have seen  invalid session exception same thing related to
356. 36:33this suppose you have quit from the browser  but still you are trying to do some activity
357. 36:38see here I have quit from the browser already but  still I'm trying to use the same driver instance
358. 36:43will it work no session has already ended by quit  command so this will not work so this will throw
359. 36:49session not found exception session not found  exception so make sure to check if the session
360. 36:55is still active before performing the operations  or handle the exceptions so whenever you do some
361. 37:02activities you have to check the session is still  alive then only can do that okay so keep the whole
362. 37:08code in TR the inside the TR catch block if it  is got failed session is not available or session
363. 37:15not exception through then catch block you can  specify that exception and provide message to
364. 37:19the user session is already closed or session is  not found something like that so this is another
365. 37:26exception session not found exception these are  small exceptions but by mistake unknowingly we
366. 37:32will do certain things so because of that we will  get these kind of exception but most of the times
367. 37:36nobody will do right after repeting the browser  will you do any activity no right most of the
368. 37:41times we don't do that but unknowingly sometimes  it will happen so in that case you'll get a
369. 37:47session not found exception so better to keep  inside the tri block also then you can put proper
370. 37:52message in the catch block so session not found  exception so when you will get this exception
371. 38:00so when you do some activity after quitting the  browser after quitting the browser means session
372. 38:06is already closed then you will get a session not  found exception next one I think this is the last
373. 38:13exception now there is a small clue here guys  suppose you don't know the exception name but you
374. 38:20still want to use TR catch or still you want to  handle the exception properly then what you can do
375. 38:24you can put the entire code in the TR catch block  that ly and you can specify different type of
376. 38:30elements or different type of exception one group  let's say no such element or St element reference
377. 38:36exception or element not interactable exception so  like this you can put different type of exceptions
378. 38:43and then you can put proper message to the user  so this is also the general way to handle the
379. 38:50exception so better to keep all the statements  in proper Tri blocks and handle them by Pro
380. 38:55providing proper exception option names through  catch block but some exceptions we can solve by
381. 39:01using JavaScript executor or web driver weight but  certain exceptions we cannot solve because that is
382. 39:07problem with the application not from the side not  from our side okay for example let's say there is
383. 39:12a button which is disabled state by default it is  a disabled and if you're trying to perform some
384. 39:17action how it is possible so the developer should  enable that button then our script will work so in
385. 39:23that case we cannot solve we simply exit the code  without elmination but suppose element is there
386. 39:29in the page but somehow it is hidden in that  case we can make it available make it visible
387. 39:35then we can perform the action forcefully we can  do using JavaScript executor that will solve the
388. 39:40problem so certain things will solve the problem  certain things may not solve the problem similarly
389. 39:45element click intercepted exception so when you  will get element click intercepted exception the
390. 39:51element is there but you are not able to click  on that element especially this will happen
391. 39:55for checkboxes radio buttons links buttons so  element click intercepted exception when you'll
392. 40:00get sometimes the elements are overlapping and  sometimes the page is minimizing or maximizing
393. 40:06that resolution changes because of Click may not  work on the element properly so then you can do
394. 40:12that forcefully using JavaScript executor and  if you're doing some activity using JavaScript
395. 40:17executor what does it mean you're trying to do  the same activity forcefully through JavaScript
396. 40:22executor we're trying to inject the JavaScript  executor statement directly inside the browser
397. 40:27so not through web driver so through web driver  we are trying to execute the JavaScript statements
398. 40:33directly on the browser but normally what happens  we are running the web driver methods or commands
399. 40:39and through web driver method apis will be  interacted with the browser through JavaScript
400. 40:43so in instead of interacting the browser through  web driver API we are directly interacting with
401. 40:48the browser elements through JavaScript executor  so that's how we can solve certain problems but
402. 40:54every problem is not solved okay for example let's  say I have written proper locator but the element
403. 41:01itself is not visible on the page element not  visible exception will get ele no such element
404. 41:07exception will get can we solve that problem  no until unless the developer plays the element
405. 41:11on the page we cannot do that so simply we can  put that element in the TR cat block and proper
406. 41:17message you can just write and exit from the  code without termination and spect can just exit
407. 41:22from the code because the element itself is not  there in the page how we can perform the action
408. 41:27so certain things we can solve through JavaScript  executor or web driver weights but certain things
409. 41:32we cannot solve similarly stale element exception  stale element reference exception so whenever you
410. 41:38refresh the page or reload the page you will get  stale element exception so developer no need to do
411. 41:43anything with that we need to handle this because  we are refreshing the page multiple times there is
412. 41:48a requirement to refresh the page so you need to  handle that using JavaScript executor or by using
413. 41:54explicit weight statement okay so these are all  common exceptions most of the times we will get
414. 42:0120 types of exceptions have listed out there are  n number of exceptions but difficult to remember
415. 42:06each and every at least five to six exceptions if  you remember easily you'll able to address them
416. 42:11in the interview point of view okay so that's all  for exception web driver exceptions concept okay
417. 42:20yeah that's all for today's  session we'll stop here