Rifqa Bary, Islam, and Apostasy Part One The Qur'an and the Hadith — Transcript

Full transcript

1. 0:01[Music]
2. 0:09if you've been following the rifka barry
3. 0:11case you've probably noticed that both
4. 0:13the media and muslim spokespersons have
5. 0:15been denying the fact that according to
6. 0:17muhammad the penalty for leaving islam
7. 0:19is death now anyone who's studied the
8. 0:22muslim sources knows that muhammad
9. 0:24commanded his followers to kill
10. 0:25apostates but don't take my word for
11. 0:28this let me give you a quotation from
12. 0:30one of islam's most prominent 20th
13. 0:32century scholars abu alami said this
14. 0:36to everyone acquainted with islamic law
15. 0:39it is no secret that according to islam
16. 0:41the punishment for a muslim who turns to
17. 0:42kuffer or unbelief is execution doubt
18. 0:45about this matter first arose among
19. 0:47muslims during the final portion of the
20. 0:5019th century as a result of speculation
21. 0:53otherwise for the full 12 centuries
22. 0:55prior to that time the total muslim
23. 0:58community remained unanimous about it
24. 1:02so mal duty holds that muslims only
25. 1:05began questioning the penalty for
26. 1:07apostasy at the end of the 19th century
27. 1:10now why was there such an overwhelming
28. 1:12consensus among muslims prior to that
29. 1:14time
30. 1:15well i hope to answer that question in
31. 1:18three short videos in this first video
32. 1:20i'm going to take you through the quran
33. 1:22and the hadith and we'll see why there
34. 1:23was no doubt about the penalty for
35. 1:25apostasy for the first 12 centuries of
36. 1:28islam
37. 1:30the two primary sources of islamic law
38. 1:32of course are the quran and the
39. 1:34sunnah of muhammad muhammad's words and
40. 1:37deeds which are recorded in the hadith
41. 1:40the quran unfortunately is usually much
42. 1:42less clear than the hadith and when it
43. 1:45comes to the issue of apostasy it's in
44. 1:47the hadith that we find clear definite
45. 1:49unambiguous statements from muhammad
46. 1:52there are however some quranic passages
47. 1:55to consider let's look at three
48. 1:58commentators such as mao duty argue that
49. 2:00there's a command to kill apostates in
50. 2:02surah 9 11-12 the passage reads
51. 2:05but if they repent and keep up prayer
52. 2:07and pay the pour rate they are your
53. 2:09brethren in faith and we make the
54. 2:11communications clear for a people who
55. 2:13know and if they break their oaths after
56. 2:15their agreement and openly revile your
57. 2:17religion then fight the leaders of
58. 2:20unbelief
59. 2:22according to my duty when the passage
60. 2:24refers to those who break their oaths
61. 2:26it isn't referring to people who break
62. 2:28political treaties but to those who
63. 2:30become muslims then apostatize and verse
64. 2:3312 tells muslims to fight such people
65. 2:36i think that the quran is ambiguous here
66. 2:39however i think a person could
67. 2:40reasonably interpret the passage as
68. 2:42referring to political treaties so
69. 2:44there's nothing definite here concerning
70. 2:46apostasy
71. 2:48surah 16 106 is another interesting
72. 2:50passage it says
73. 2:53he who disbelieves in allah after his
74. 2:55having believed not he who is compelled
75. 2:56while his heart is at rest on account of
76. 2:58faith but he who opens his breast to
77. 3:00disbelief on these is the wrath of allah
78. 3:03and they shall have a grievous
79. 3:05chastisement
80. 3:07without some background in islamic
81. 3:09thought it may sound as if this is
82. 3:11referring only to a future judgment when
83. 3:13it says that the wrath of allah is on
84. 3:15the apostates however in islam it's
85. 3:18often the muslim community that carries
86. 3:19out allah's wrath this is why muslims
87. 3:21are called to fight christians and jews
88. 3:24in surah 9 29 according to the next
89. 3:26verse allah's wrath is upon us because
90. 3:28of our beliefs therefore muslims have to
91. 3:30fight us but here again i would say that
92. 3:32the quran is ambiguous with respect to
93. 3:35killing those who leave islam
94. 3:38there are a couple of other passages we
95. 3:39could consider here but it seems to me
96. 3:42that the clearest quranic command to
97. 3:43kill apostates is surah 4 89 which reads
98. 3:47they desire that you should disbelieve
99. 3:49as they have disbelieved
100. 3:51so that you might be all alike therefore
101. 3:54take not from among them friends until
102. 3:56they fly their homes in allah's way but
103. 3:59if they turn back then seize them and
104. 4:01kill them wherever you find them
105. 4:05here the quran refers to people leaving
106. 4:07their homes to join the muslim community
107. 4:09and it goes on to say but if they turn
108. 4:11back
109. 4:12then seize them and kill them wherever
110. 4:14you find them this certainly sounds like
111. 4:16a clear command to kill those who turn
112. 4:19away from islam
113. 4:22but if it's not clear enough many
114. 4:23reports in the hadith leave no room for
115. 4:26doubt there are six main collections of
116. 4:28a hadith i have all of them right here
117. 4:30so let's see what the ruling is on
118. 4:32apostasy
119. 4:34in sahih bukhari 69 22 muhammad declares
120. 4:37whoever changed his islamic religion
121. 4:39then kill him
122. 4:41it doesn't get much clearer than that in
123. 4:4569 30 muhammad says
124. 4:47during the last days there will appear
125. 4:49some young foolish people who will go
126. 4:51out from their religion as an arrow goes
127. 4:53out of the game so wherever you find
128. 4:55them these people who will leave islam
129. 4:57kill them for whoever kills them shall
130. 4:59have reward on the day of resurrection
131. 5:02so those who kill apostates will be
132. 5:04rewarded by allah
133. 5:06in 69 23 muhammad sends abu musa and
134. 5:10jubal to yemen when muad arrives he
135. 5:13finds an apostate in chains and here's
136. 5:15what happened
137. 5:16muad asked who is this man abu musa said
138. 5:20he was a jew and became a muslim and
139. 5:21then reverted back to judaism then abu
140. 5:24musa requested muah to sit down but muat
141. 5:26said i will not sit down till he has
142. 5:29been killed this is the judgment of
143. 5:31allah and his messenger and repeated it
144. 5:33thrice
145. 5:34then abu was ordered that the man be
146. 5:36killed and he was killed
147. 5:39in 69 21 we are specifically told that
148. 5:42the penalty for apostasy applies to
149. 5:44women as well it says ibn umar azuri and
150. 5:47ibrahim said a female apostate who
151. 5:49reverts from islam should be killed
152. 5:53let's look at another collection
153. 5:55muslim
154. 5:56number 4154 reads
155. 6:00allah's messenger stood up and said the
156. 6:01blood of a muslim who bears the
157. 6:03testimony that there is no god but allah
158. 6:05and i am his messenger may be lawfully
159. 6:07shed only in case of three persons the
160. 6:10one who abandons islam and deserves the
161. 6:12community and the married adulterer and
162. 6:15life for life
163. 6:16so apostasy is one of three reasons
164. 6:19given by muhammad
165. 6:21for killing someone who had become a
166. 6:23muslim
167. 6:25in sunan abu dawad 43 45 and 43 46 we
168. 6:29read about an apostate named abdullah
169. 6:30ibn saar muhammad commanded his follower
170. 6:33his followers to kill abdullah
171. 6:35interestingly his followers were more
172. 6:37merciful than he was because they knew
173. 6:39abdullah and didn't want to kill him so
174. 6:40muhammad
175. 6:42let him live due to the intercession of
176. 6:44his followers but he was very angry with
177. 6:46them for not killing the apostate as he
178. 6:49had commanded
179. 6:50in 43 47 muhammad says when a slave runs
180. 6:54away and reverts to polytheism he may
181. 6:56lawfully be killed
182. 6:59turning to sunan on the side
183. 7:0140 25
184. 7:03muhammad once said to his followers
185. 7:06after me there will be many calamities
186. 7:08and much evil behavior whoever you see
187. 7:10splitting away from the jamaa or trying
188. 7:12to create division among the ummah of
189. 7:14muhammad then kill him for the hand of
190. 7:18allah is with the jama and satan is with
191. 7:21the one who splits away from the ummah
192. 7:26in 4040 we get an interesting comment on
193. 7:29a very horrific incident muslim sources
194. 7:32tell us about a group of apostates who
195. 7:34apparently killed one of muhammad's
196. 7:36shepherds and drove away one of his
197. 7:38droveway's camels when muhammad caught
198. 7:40them he burned out their eyes with hot
199. 7:41pieces of metal chopped off their hands
200. 7:43and feet
201. 7:45left them in the sun to die and suddenly
202. 7:47on the side someone asked muhammad's
203. 7:49companion anas was the punishment for
204. 7:52kuffer or for sin so were they tortured
205. 7:55and killed because they left islam or
206. 7:57because
207. 7:58they killed the shepherd
208. 8:00anas replied
209. 8:02for kuffer for unbelief they were
210. 8:04tortured and killed for leaving islam
211. 8:08in germany eternity
212. 8:101458 we read again that muhammad said
213. 8:13whoever changes his religion then kill
214. 8:15him and the context for this passage is
215. 8:18that ali the fourth rightly guided
216. 8:20caliph was burning people to death for
217. 8:23apostasy
218. 8:2625 35 muhammad says again
219. 8:29whoever changes his religion execute him
220. 8:32notice that we find the same thing in
221. 8:36all
222. 8:37six collections of hadith and we find
223. 8:39even more when we turn to other muslim
224. 8:40sources for instance in malik muwatta we
225. 8:43find muhammad commanding his followers
226. 8:45to chop off the heads of apostates in
227. 8:48behaki's collection of ahadith we read
228. 8:51a woman named umrahman apostatized then
229. 8:54the prophet ordered that it would be
230. 8:55better that she be offered islam again
231. 8:57and then repent otherwise she should be
232. 9:00executed
233. 9:03notes elsewhere that the woman refused
234. 9:05to return to islam and that she was
235. 9:07therefore executed noticed that this was
236. 9:10a woman
237. 9:11putting all of this together there are
238. 9:14passages in the koran which according to
239. 9:15muslim commentators command muslims to
240. 9:18kill apostates and sur 489 seems very
241. 9:21clear on this point
242. 9:24but the hadith are beyond dispute
243. 9:26according to
244. 9:27muhammad himself the penalty for
245. 9:29apostasy is death and we have reports of
246. 9:31muslims during muhammad's lifetime
247. 9:34executing people for leaving islam now
248. 9:37this should be enough to settle the
249. 9:39matter
250. 9:39but since western muslims are doing
251. 9:42everything in their power to deceive us
252. 9:43on this issue we're going to consider
253. 9:45more proof in our next video stay tuned
254. 9:52[Music]