Research 1st Progress 1/3 . Research Proposal شرح مفاهيم مناهج البحث العلمي . مكونات تصور مبدئي — Transcript

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1. 0:00Hello, in today’s research we are going to combine
2. 0:03all the previous episodes, and see how we can achieve the Research..
3. 0:10let’s say progress or version 1 by integrating all the steps
4. 0:15we already discussed before.
5. 0:17Let’s see now how we can do that.
6. 0:19We are going to name this the Research Progress 1.
7. 0:23What are the research components that we discussed?
8. 0:27How can we sort them and use them
9. 0:29in creating a first version document from our research?
10. 0:34The first part is the Title.
11. 0:35The Title had his own episode where we talked about
12. 0:37how can you do a Title
13. 0:40The episode that discusses 6 components.
14. 0:43These components help you formulate the beginning
15. 0:47of your scientific research title or topic or subject.
16. 0:51Well, our second step is called Abstract.
17. 0:56What is the Abstract?
18. 0:58The Abstract may be defined as a very concise summary.
19. 1:05I want to remind you again that these episodes are a quick briefing
20. 1:08It takes 10 minutes or more so we combine the speech.
21. 1:14This same idea is what happens here,
22. 1:15I am talking about the Abstract.
23. 1:16The Abstract combines all your Research components, which are ?
24. 1:22which are Problem Definition, Literature Review, Research Design,
25. 1:28Data Collection, Analysis, Conclusion : 6 steps.
26. 1:32Combining all these 6 steps that I followed in my whole research
27. 1:35whether it’s a thesis or a dissertation,
28. 1:37is what we call Abstract.
29. 1:40How long is it?
30. 1:42It should contain from 150 to 350 words, exceptionally to 500.
31. 1:52An Abstract contains approximately 1 to 2 pages to the utmost.
32. 1:57Most of the Abstracts combine in 300 or 350 words.
33. 2:03And subsequently we should make a difference
34. 2:05between combining and summarizing.
35. 2:06That is why there are some software programs
36. 2:08that are also found in the latest versions of Microsoft Office,
37. 2:11that can summarize the words
38. 2:13using the auto-summarizer technology.
39. 2:15It automatically summarize the words.
40. 2:17But as time passes, we are going to have a theory,
41. 2:20a model or a variable as we already mentioned.
42. 2:24It is one word.
43. 2:26The model, the variable or the theory’s name
44. 2:28or the construct or the relation between them.
45. 2:31So if this word disappears in the auto-summarization,
46. 2:33it will ruin the sense.
47. 2:35We are searching for a summarization that maintains the sense
48. 2:39and combines all our research components.
49. 2:41That is why I always say don’t leave it
50. 2:43till the end of your scientific research.
51. 2:47In terms of his disposition in the document, it comes after the Title.
52. 2:52In terms of his completion, it comes last of course
53. 2:55because it combines everything.
54. 2:57But in terms of production and training, no
55. 3:00I prefer you go step-by-step
56. 3:02with every progress you make in your research.
57. 3:04So after you finish writing a part of the problem definition,
58. 3:07as we discussed in the 9 elements episode,
59. 3:09you have to do the abstract.
60. 3:11Therefore, the abstract will improve
61. 3:13along with the improvement of your research versions
62. 3:17whether it is a paper, thesis or dissertation.
63. 3:20So the concise and short abstract should be written
64. 3:25as soon as you start working on your research.
65. 3:33Write and edit. Write and edit.
66. 3:34Every new content we produce on our research document,
67. 3:38we add it in the abstract as well.
68. 3:39Well, the next step will be the 6 steps we already agreed on.
69. 3:43So what are they called ?
70. 3:46Deductive Reasoning or Approach.
71. 3:50What does Deductive Approach product ?
72. 3:52It products Applied Research.
73. 3:55So in the problem definition, what do we write?
74. 3:59We agreed on covering the 9 elements model.
75. 4:03This 9 elements model is made to help you producing a content
76. 4:10related to explaining your research context
77. 4:13without facing any problems.
78. 4:15Therefore, it will be easy for you to write in it,
79. 4:17go over its steps and cover all it takes to explain the issue.
80. 4:22So here we have the 9 elements model to explain the details.
81. 4:25For every bend from the 9 elements model,
82. 4:29you certainly need to combine data or facts, for example,
83. 4:31when you say “I study clients satisfaction”,
84. 4:35as a title or a part of a title,
85. 4:36because the sales are dropping.
86. 4:38You need to explain what does “the sales are dropping” mean
87. 4:40and give evidence of it.
88. 4:42How did you know that the sales are dropping?
89. 4:43Well, we have the fact sheets, accounting reports,
90. 4:47POS system Point Of Sale system...
91. 4:50All the reports will be available for you.
92. 4:54At this point, people always ask a specific question
93. 4:55“How can I find an evidence?”
94. 4:57Well, how do you even know that it exists?
95. 5:00The source from which you knew that there is a problem
96. 5:02is in itself an evidence.
97. 5:04Alright, I don’t have a strong evidence that is documented.
98. 5:10What can we do?
99. 5:11We will provide you here a new idea called Stakeholder Analysis.
100. 5:16Stakeholder not stockholders, stock is the Shareholder.
101. 5:20Stake is the owner of the relationship or the interest.
102. 5:23Everyone who has a negative or a positive relationship.
103. 5:25If the sales are dropping, go ask the clients.
104. 5:30If you have 1 million clients, you only have to ask 10,20 or even 30.
105. 5:33If there are problems with 50 suppliers, you only have to ask 1,2,3 or 4.
106. 5:39You need to find all types of people in relation to the problem
107. 5:44and what they think about it.
108. 5:45This is only if you can’t have Data or report or some information
109. 5:48from the company’s website, or any syndicate reports
110. 5:53about industry, from a ministry, a district, an organization,
111. 5:57an association that has a relation to the industry or the product.
112. 6:00If you can’t find anything, ask the stakeholders.
113. 6:01I personally prefer you do both.
114. 6:03I mean bring reports, evidences and Data
115. 6:05but also talk to people in relation to the stakeholders
116. 6:09since with time, we will notice that whoever has a negative
117. 6:11or positive relation or connection,
118. 6:13and can be negatively or positively affected by the problem,
119. 6:15can provide you with a lot of ideas
120. 6:17of which the most important is variables.
121. 6:19This will help you add or remove a variable.
122. 6:22Alright, what is the next step?
123. 6:24Here you explained a big part of the context
124. 6:28and you supported it with Data, facts
125. 6:30and stakeholders analysis. Great.
126. 6:32If you link these two, you will produce something called
127. 6:36Major Research Question and Minor Research Questions
128. 6:41and I will assume we have 2 here : 1 and 2.
129. 6:44So what is the Minor Research Question?
130. 6:46Actually,
131. 6:49Major Research Question is the same as the title you chose.
132. 6:53The same as the title you chose to work on.
133. 6:56Well, how should we do it?
134. 6:59In the title, you explained 6 components
135. 7:03What are the determinants of declining or declined sales,
136. 7:08for teenagers or for youths, or for a specific gender,
137. 7:14of smartphones in Egypt?
138. 7:17You did this in 6 components.
139. 7:20You should focus on a clear phenomenon,
140. 7:22for example declining sales or satisfaction or loyalty
141. 7:26and come up with a clear, direct and specific question
142. 7:28Let’s have an example on productivity,
143. 7:31the question will be “What are the determinants of productivity?”.
144. 7:36Here, productivity is the phenomenon
145. 7:41you want to study and find out what affects it
146. 7:49and whether it decreases or increases.
147. 7:52The Major Research Question is
148. 7:55“What are the determinants of productivity?”
149. 7:57You don’t need to mention neither the industry or the city.
150. 8:00It is a smaller version of the title in the form of a question.
151. 8:04What does the Minor Research Question ask about?
152. 8:06It asks about the variable. Do you remember the variable?
153. 8:08It’s a component that affects a studied phenomenon.
154. 8:14I will assume here it’s the salary, how did I know that it’s the salary?
155. 8:16I knew from the problem definition.
156. 8:17I have a Data that says salaries are decreasing,
157. 8:20therefore the productivity is decreasing.
158. 8:22Or if the salaries increased, and we had maintenance
159. 8:26and supported the salaries in a right way,
160. 8:28the productivity increased.
161. 8:30You should then write the following question
162. 8:31“does the salary affect the productivity?”,
163. 8:34another example “do the free meals affect the productivity?"
164. 8:41So what do I have here?
165. 8:42I have a Major Research Question, here is it
166. 8:46asking about the phenomenon,
167. 8:48and a Minor Research Question asking about what?
168. 8:51About the link between this variable here and this phenomenon.
169. 8:54Alright, we are done.
170. 8:56We still need a new component called Claim, the one in green.
171. 9:00What does Claim means?
172. 9:04I, as a researcher, have the right to say,
173. 9:07since I am asking about the salary,
174. 9:09I didn’t ask in vain
175. 9:10I asked because it has been 10 years
176. 9:12that we increase the salaries every year,
177. 9:14with a reasonable rate close to the market's.
178. 9:17And you, as a researcher, have to mention
179. 9:19all of this in the problem definition,
180. 9:21and bring evidences from the reality,
181. 9:23from the account management report
182. 9:25and the regulatory authorities in the country etc.
183. 9:28Alright, if for example in the 10th year,
184. 9:32we didn’t increase the salaries
185. 9:34and the productivity was affected, so I am claiming.
186. 9:37As a researcher and based on the Data I found,
187. 9:40and the employees confirmation
188. 9:42“Yes we were affected by the salary”,
189. 9:46and even see that the productivity was increasing by 10%.
190. 9:50Do you remember the relations?
191. 9:51And that the variables have levels
192. 9:54of properties and specifications?
193. 9:55Let’s revise them again.
194. 9:57The variable is here.
195. 9:59The second property is the amount.
196. 10:01Here we have 10%, 10% of my explanation
197. 10:04and evidences I provided.
198. 10:06And it can positively or negatively affect.
199. 10:08It could be negative, for example the cost
200. 10:10If the cost decreases, the productivity increases,
201. 10:13so the relation here is inverse, negative.
202. 10:15The numbers and the relation are significant.
203. 10:19When we stopped providing free meals,
204. 10:21it affected the productivity in an overrated way.
205. 10:24So here, without knowing the amount,
206. 10:25I knew that it has a serious effect.
207. 10:28If people strike for example, and we faced an issue
208. 10:30there was an absent rate
209. 10:32that affected the productivity in a very high way.
210. 10:34Here we claim. How did I get that claim?
211. 10:39Based on the problem definition.
212. 10:42Using the problem definition,
213. 10:44I was able to say that these two variables
214. 10:47affect the productivity
215. 10:49and that this same productivity
216. 10:50is the phenomenon I plan to study.
217. 10:52But you should be very careful with the reality in companies,
218. 10:54organizations, the reality of patients, clients,
219. 10:57the reality in every type of studies even the psychology,
220. 11:00you can have more than one active phenomenon.
221. 11:05You, as a researcher, have to choose
222. 11:07which one you want to study and what variables affect it.
223. 11:11Alright, we have now components called
224. 11:14Title, Abstract, Problem Definition
225. 11:17where appear the 9 elements, supported by Data and facts,
226. 11:21stakeholders analysis,
227. 11:23Major Research Question about a clear phenomenon,
228. 11:25Minor Research Question about the relation
229. 11:27of each variable with the phenomenon,
230. 11:30and I have an answer for it.
231. 11:32In the document, we put them one after the other.
232. 11:34The salary I am claiming, how did you get this claim?
233. 11:38From what you already explained up here.
234. 11:40So is it possible to show us an explanation
235. 11:41under this claim here?
236. 11:43This claim is sort of a statement, written this way
237. 11:45“Salary influences positively by 10% the productivity”
238. 11:49you will write it like that, just like your question about the salary
239. 11:51“does the salary affect the productivity?"
240. 11:55You write it and write right under it an explanation
241. 11:58I mean under the claim, you should right a paragraph
242. 12:00about how did you get all of this
243. 12:01from what you already explained there.
244. 12:02We are almost done with the first version of a problem definition.
245. 12:08By first version I mean that there is more
246. 12:11to say about the problem definition.
247. 12:12Actually, the combination we have here
248. 12:14can be called Conceptual Model,
249. 12:16which is Major Research Question with a very clear phenomenon,
250. 12:20with Minor Research Question asking about the relation
251. 12:22between the variable (salary or meals) and productivity,
252. 12:27with a claim that says it affects positively or negatively.
253. 12:32This way we have a component that shows
254. 12:35the form of our scientific research’s problem,
255. 12:40and from here we can draw something
256. 12:41called Conceptual Model.
257. 12:42Just like if you have two squares to the left,
258. 12:44actually they are drawn as rectangles, here they are.
259. 12:47Conceptual Model.
260. 12:48Two here, for example, the first variable which is the salary
261. 12:53and variable two which is meals.
262. 12:55And from here, I draw arrows
263. 12:58affecting this productivity phenomenon.
264. 13:00This form is called Conceptual Model. What is a conceptual model?
265. 13:04It means that the researcher is conceptualizing his own context
266. 13:09or research focus or problem,
267. 13:13so that he can specify which variable
268. 13:14from the fundamental and secondary variables
269. 13:16is he going to work on.
270. 13:17And use it also to write the relations found here.
271. 13:20Now, we are ready to move on
272. 13:21to the next step in the Research Progress
273. 13:24which is starting to search for the literature.
274. 13:26How can we search for literature?
275. 13:27And how should we deal with it?
276. 13:29I will explain a part right now
277. 13:30and then do another episode
278. 13:32about how to locate literature.
279. 13:34But before we start searching for literature
280. 13:36in a technical and practical way,
281. 13:38you have to extract from above, a number of
282. 13:42a number of keywords, what are keywords?
283. 13:45What are the essential words, the keywords we will use
284. 13:49to search for literature in literature places.
285. 13:53If we only chose one word, what is the most important here ?
286. 13:55the phenomenon, in this example, productivity.
287. 13:59The second most important word is salary.
288. 14:01The third most important word is meals.
289. 14:03We need to start here with essential words, keywords.
290. 14:05For the moment, you don’t have to search in the title, why is that?
291. 14:09Because you did that title. As a researcher, I have just wrote it.
292. 14:12We are not sure yet if it is strong and compliant with science.
293. 14:16Well, can I search in the Major Question ?
294. 14:19We are not sure yet if the Major Question was well contextualized.
295. 14:22But where can I search?
296. 14:23It is more specific and guaranteed to search for only one word,
297. 14:27which are the keywords productivity, salary and meals.
298. 14:31If we move here, we will find out that we have 3 keywords
299. 14:37productivity, first variable salary and meals.
300. 14:43What is our next step?
301. 14:45We will move on to the next episode talking about
302. 14:49what we did when we took these words
303. 14:51and put them in the search engine.
304. 14:53I will finish this episode and move to the next one
305. 14:58and discuss about how you can search,
306. 15:01and the third episode about the searching results.
307. 15:06Thank you so much.