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🦷 PRÓTESE DENTÁRIA: COMO A EVOLUÇÃO DOS MATERIAIS MUDARAM A ODONTOLOGIA | GDR LIVE 54 — Transcript

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0:01Good evening, and welcome to another
0:04GDR Live. And before I introduce
0:07tonight's guest, I'm going to ask those
0:09of you watching to share this video
0:12with a colleague who doesn't yet know
0:14the sensational professor we are going
0:16to interview today, who we are going to
0:18talk to today, a professor with a lot
0:21of experience in ceramic materials. So,
0:24send this live stream to your friend
0:27who is a dentist or a technician so
0:29they can watch it today and get as much
0:31information as possible. Comment below
0:35with any topic you want us to address
0:38here today so we can discuss it and
0:41gather information from our guest,
0:43alright? Don't forget to subscribe to
0:46our channel. We are here every month
0:49doing live streams for you, so you can
0:51learn more about this sensational
0:54profession that is dentistry. So don't
0:57forget to like and subscribe to our
1:00channel. Turn on the notification bell
1:03so you receive all our videos and also
1:05receive information about the upcoming
1:07live streams. So, before introducing
1:10our professor tonight, I want to thank
1:12Ivoclar immensely for their support in
1:14bringing this sensational professor
1:16here today, so we can have the
1:17opportunity to learn more from him and
1:19talk more. So, Professor Adriano,
1:23welcome to the live stream today. It is
1:25an immense pleasure to have you here.
1:27>> Thank you.
1:28>> I will briefly mention Professor
1:29Adriano's resume. Professor Adriano is
1:32a dental prosthetic technician from
1:34Senac, a specialist in fixed prostheses
1:37and ceramics, has a degree in marketing
1:39from UNInov, and is certified by
1:41Ivoclar Liechtenstein, which is the
1:43headquarters of Ivoclar, right? He is
1:47also a product manager at Ivoclar and
1:50works in this sector focused on
1:52innovation, right? Innovation in
1:55ceramic materials, CAD/CAM materials,
1:57and laboratory practice. Professor,
1:59good evening, welcome.
2:00>> Good evening. Thank you.
2:02>> It is an immense pleasure to have you
2:03here. So, let's talk a little bit about
2:07the evolution of materials, right? I
2:09would like, if possible, for you to
2:12share a little bit of your experience:
2:14how did it start, how did you get into
2:17dentistry, how did dentistry appear in
2:19your life?
2:21>> Well, I started with dentistry...I
2:23graduated in prosthetics in '93,
2:26>> so it's been...
2:28>> 33 years, that's a long time, it's been
2:31a long time. And I started in
2:33prosthetics in '93 and, for me, it was
2:35just a profession, man. I wanted to
2:37start doing something. I was young, I
2:39needed to do something, and let's see
2:41what would come of it. During that
2:44evolution, I graduated, worked in
2:46laboratories, worked in clinics, worked
2:48in companies, and worked in many
2:50different types of labs. And in 97, I
2:54went to work at Senac. I went to teach,
2:58I used to teach at Senac. I started
3:00teaching at Senac from 97 until 2004.
3:05In 2004, I started working at Ivoclar
3:07and I joined as a technician, as a
3:09technical salesperson at the time; we
3:12used to hit the streets to sell,
3:14visiting people to sell.
3:16>> Cool. And then we changed that role
3:19from technical salesperson to
3:21technician to start providing training.
3:24Ivoclar has a very long history of
3:26training spanning many years, always,
3:29ever since I've known Ivoclar, even
3:32before working there, it always had a
3:34history of training, courses, product
3:37development, and training professionals
3:40so they could work better with the
3:42material. The goal is always to clear
3:46up all the doubts of the technician or
3:48the dentist, regardless of the entire
3:51dental field, so that the person learns
3:53to use the material and grows along
3:56with it. The idea is that the more the
3:59professional understands the material,
4:01the more success they will have with it
4:03and the easier it will be for them to
4:06work with it. So, the more people we
4:08train, the fewer problems people have
4:10with the material, the better the
4:12material is accepted in the market, and
4:14the higher the company's productivity
4:15will be.
4:16>> Yes.
4:17>> So it is a thing, it's a chain.
4:19>> Uh-huh. And we try to do that. And so,
4:22when I joined Ivoclar, we started...At
4:23the time, we didn't have an Academy, we
4:25didn't have a training room inside
4:26Ivoclar. We were in a...we were in a
4:29small building. Later, we moved to
4:31another building; it had a room we used
4:33for courses, but it still wasn't a
4:35laboratory. Then, about two or three
4:37years later, we left there. We were on
4:39Berrini in São Paulo, we moved from
4:41there, we went to another building over
4:42in Barueri. In that building in Barueri
4:45, that's when we finally had a
4:46laboratory that we called the ICDE,
4:48right? International Center for Dental
4:52Education, the ICDE was already quite
4:54glamorous, man. We had workstations, we
4:57had space, it was a large area.
5:00That’s when we started developing
5:02more courses, and from there we moved
5:04to the building where we are now, where
5:07we have an ICDE, an Academy, with
5:09everything you can imagine in terms of
5:11equipment; everything works really well
5:13. And we host courses there every week.
5:17Every week there’s a course on
5:19something inside the Academy.
5:20>> Yeah, that’s a very interesting thing
5:22about Ivoclar. And that’s what I
5:24noticed during my training as a dentist
5:26, that Ivoclar had this differential
5:28compared to other companies of bringing
5:31the dentist closer, teaching them how
5:33to use and know the materials. So
5:36that’s always been a really cool
5:37thing about the brand, and we really
5:39see that it continues to this day.
5:41Every week we, and I follow Ivoclar’s
5:43Instagram, we see there are
5:44professional courses; every week
5:45there’s some knowledge being shared
5:47there, right? So that’s very cool,
5:50>> very nice. And let me ask the professor
5:52a question. Back when you entered
5:55college, what material was used at that
5:58time, and what were the perspectives
6:00for the future back then? What did we
6:04see as a material that could dominate
6:05the future? What we saw as the future
6:07at the time—I started in 2004, man,
6:09we’re talking about quite a long time
6:11ago.
6:12>> It’s not that long ago
6:13>> actually. Stamped crowns had already
6:15gone out of fashion.
6:18>> Yeah, it’s been a long time, but not
6:20that long. 20 years ago, we worked
6:24quite a lot; actually, Ivoclar was
6:27launching a new pressing ingot at the
6:30time, which was Empress Esthetic, an
6:33evolution of the first ingots that had
6:36been launched in '91. The pressing
6:40system started in '91. Around '96, the
6:44first system arrived in Brazil, or the
6:47first ones, which were Romanini, the
6:49Romanini lab, the Maranguelo lab, and
6:52Dr. Jurgen; there were three systems
6:55that came to Brazil. People who
6:59believed in it, and some brought it;
7:01they went to get the system, they went
7:03to Schaan for training, saw the system,
7:06believed in it, and brought it, not
7:08literally, but practically under their
7:10arm; they came with the furnace under
7:12their arm.
7:14>> They brought the system to Brazil,
7:16bought it, positioned it in the market,
7:19and a lot of people thought they were
7:22crazy. They brought a material that you
7:27have to wax up, then invest, and then
7:29inject. Man, metal-ceramic, you have
7:32the little metal piece ready, you just
7:33apply it here quickly, and it's done.
7:36>> And what did we see for the future?
7:38That the pressing system would change
7:40the market, would evolve, but the
7:42market didn't believe in it yet. You
7:47know, I always mention this while I'm
7:49in training, in a course, that changing
7:52a concept in the world of—well, it
7:54basically changed the world's concept
7:57of switching from one type of ceramic
8:00to another, to a stained ceramic. When
8:04we talked about stained ceramic, people
8:06would say, "No, that's going to peel,
8:08come off, bubble, you'll lose it, it'll
8:10disappear, break in the mouth, have a
8:12series of problems," which today we see
8:14don't happen.
8:15>> Uh-huh.
8:16>> Because we evolved, the company evolved
8:18, and back then we were launching
8:20Empress Aesthetic, after Empress
8:22Aesthetic. IPS e.max was a material
8:28that was launched in 2005 at IDS and it
8:31came to Brazil in 2008. We had a fight
8:36for practically 3 years to get it
8:39registered in Brazil and bring the
8:41material over. We managed to officially
8:46enter the country in 2008 with e.max.
8:50And when it arrived in Brazil, did
8:53dentists accept the material, or was
8:55there also all this work to get them to
8:58know it?
9:00>> So, '96 was the first. In 2008, when it
9:04entered Brazil, we had 70 systems on
9:07the Brazilian market. The Brazilian
9:09market is huge.
9:10>> Yes.
9:11>> 70 systems is almost nothing.
9:12>> Uh-huh. And some people believed in it
9:15a lot. When it entered in 2008, e.max
9:21was a game-changer, man.
9:23>> Yes.
9:23>> When e.max started in the market,
9:26>> it created something, there were even
9:29videos talking about it, and what did
9:34e.max do, what was different about it?
9:37It was a practical material for the
9:39technician, easy to work with, because
9:42he would do it there, he had a
9:44practical result; good for the dentist,
9:47because it was easy to cement, it was
9:50easy to adjust, it had good color, it
9:52had different translucency, it really
9:55looked like a tooth; and good for the
9:58patient, because it was aesthetic, it
10:00was durable, it had better adhesion, so
10:03it stayed in the mouth. In other words,
10:05they covered all sides. It was good for
10:08the technician, good for the dentist,
10:09and good for the patient. There's no
10:11way it could go wrong.
10:12>> Yeah.
10:13>> And it was a game-changer, man. If you
10:16look back into the history of dentistry
10:20, in the days of dentistry before 2008,
10:24we used to make some, though few people
10:27made veneers on refractory models,
10:30which was a real struggle. The guy
10:35would make it, sure, he'd make it in
10:37the lab, create the refractory model,
10:39duplicate it, apply the veneer, do all
10:41that, but it was a fragile veneer, a
10:43veneer that broke easily. Not every
10:45dentist had the skill. Dentists didn't
10:47believe in it, but technicians did; the
10:50more informed dentists, or those who
10:52chased after innovation, would have a
10:55veneer made. But it was a different and
10:58difficult job to do.
10:59>> Hm. Uh-huh. By 2008, around 2010, or
11:02more or less 2008, the HT ingot already
11:05existed, the world started making
11:09veneers, and today, veneers are
11:11something that
11:13>> dominated,
11:14>> dominated the market,
11:15>> yes,
11:16>> but that changed the market, it was a
11:19watershed moment in dentistry: before
11:21e.max and after e.max, because I say
11:24this a lot when I'm teaching, man,
11:26e.max is, of all the materials on the
11:28market, it's the material that is the
11:31most forgiving,
11:33>> most versatile, right? It can work in
11:35>> most forgiving. If you inject it, it
11:37works. If you mill it, it works. If you
11:40layer over it, it works. If you stain
11:43it, it works. If you stain and layer it
11:45, it works. If you just polish it with
11:47rubber and glaze, it works.
11:49>> Uh-huh.
11:49>> It has indications for a whole series
11:52of things. It has colors for various
11:53situations. It has translucency for
11:55various situations. And all of that
11:57already existed in 2008. Uh-huh.
12:00>> To give you an idea, in 2018, 10 years
12:02later, we already had more than 1,000
12:05systems on the market. You’re talking
12:08about going from 70 to 1,000.
12:10>> Gigantic evolution. It's an absurd jump
12:13in sales. It was a really cool thing,
12:16an absurd growth for the company. It
12:17was very good growth for the company.
12:19We had a large growth in sales, growth
12:23in reputation, growth in space, uh, in
12:26market positioning. It was, it was
12:29considerable growth during that phase.
12:31>> Yeah, in my, uh, I already caught the
12:33end of this transition, right, in my
12:34training. I caught the end of the
12:36transition from metal-ceramic, the
12:38beginning of the use of these materials
12:39. And as we were talking about here
12:41before the live stream, right? Uh,
12:44e.max, it, it really, when we studied
12:46it, when professors introduced us to,
12:49uh, e.max, they really had this vision,
12:52the professor had this vision: it was a
12:54more versatile material, a more
12:57resistant material, let's say, compared
12:59to what was on the market. So it truly
13:04was a revolution in dentistry when we
13:06talk about ceramic materials, right? On
13:10the laboratory side, I, I couldn't
13:11imagine what it was like, but today,
13:13with a bit more experience, we can see
13:15that it also facilitates the
13:16technician's work, right? Yes, a lot, a
13:19lot. It really made the tech's work
13:21much easier. It changed the tech a lot,
13:23it changed the concept of the
13:25laboratory a lot.
13:26>> To give you an idea, it didn't just
13:28change the guy's mindset for doing the
13:30work, it changed the guy's mindset as a
13:32business owner. Because it wasn't, it
13:35wasn't a cheap system, it wasn't a
13:37simple or cheap thing. We did work
13:41within the company to increase the
13:43market in general. So, like, a lab
13:48would buy a system, we would go to
13:50their region, set up a course with some
13:54big professor, set up a course, set up
13:57a dentist and a technician. And he was
14:01the technician, we brought a dentist
14:03and a technician to speak, he invited
14:06people from the region to attend, and
14:08his lab work would multiply. And then
14:12the guy would buy the system, he'd say:
14:14"Man, I need a better sandblaster."
14:15Uh-huh.
14:16>> For the oxide. I need a better spatula.
14:19I need to change my, my mindset. I need
14:21, I need to add a bit more glamour to
14:24my work, to my, to the way I serve my
14:27clients. It changed the guy's company.
14:30The laboratory was already seen, had
14:32always been seen as a business, but he
14:34started to see himself as an
14:35entrepreneur because things started to
14:37grow, started to change. And that
14:41changed. I heard a lot about
14:43laboratories changing from a workbench
14:45to a company.
14:48>> Yes, the time, even for the injected,
14:50right? We'll talk a bit about milling
14:53later, but even for the injected, the
14:55time needed for staining, for applying,
14:57was greatly reduced, because you could
14:59get five pieces in one injection, right
15:01,
15:02>> together.
15:04>> You could do several things at the same
15:05time.
15:07>> That we, and things we discovered over
15:09time.
15:10>> Uh-huh. We didn't know either. I was at
15:14Ivoclar, I've been doing it since 2004,
15:16but there were things where you'd
15:18wonder, how far can I go with the
15:20material? What is the material's limit?
15:22>> Shall we do a veneer? Yes, let's make a
15:250.8 veneer. 0.8 was the company's
15:27recommendation for surface coverage.
15:30But if the substrate is good, we can
15:32make it thinner. Let's make 0.2, let's
15:35make 0.7, 0.6, 0.5. We reached 0.3,
15:39let's do 0.2. It started to get really
15:43thin, but the market gained the courage
15:45to do it, because the material really
15:48takes a lot of abuse. So you can work
15:51with it. It is a material that gives
15:54you a wide range of options. The lab
15:57had a range of options. When you told
16:00the lab to make a metal-ceramic, the
16:03guy would make a coping. If he had 10
16:06metal-ceramics, he would make 10
16:07copings. He would apply opaque to the
16:0910 copings and apply each one in a
16:11color.
16:12>> Just an A2 metal-ceramic, period.
16:15That's it. I don't need to think. It's
16:16an A2 metal-ceramic. When the guy sent
16:21an E.max A2, he had to know the
16:24preparation was in good condition.
16:27>> Uh-huh.
16:28>> The substrate has a favorable color.
16:30Does the dentist know how to cement? Do
16:32they already work with E.max? They will
16:34know how to adjust this here. So he had
16:36to enter another realm of conversation
16:39with the dentist. So it changes, it
16:41changed
16:42>> it changed the way of talking between
16:44the two parties, the communication.
16:46>> I need to know what color you want,
16:48it's not just A2, I need to choose the
16:50value of the pellet I will inject.
16:53Today you talk about color value, you
16:55talk about substrate, substrate color,
16:57it's a normal thing. 2005, 2008,
17:03>> you told the dentist, you need to send
17:04a photo? He said: "How do I send a
17:06photo?" No, I need to know the
17:07substrate color. What color is the
17:09substrate? I don't know. Yeah, I don't
17:11know. And then the guys say: "Man, they
17:13don't send the color, they don't know
17:14how to tell the substrate, they don't
17:16know how to shade." And we set up this
17:19course when the guy bought the system
17:21to explain this to all the clients who
17:24would send work to him.
17:28>> It changed the way of working.
17:29>> It changed the way of working, it was a
17:31real turning point.
17:32>> When I caught this transition, I
17:33already caught the transition of the
17:35communicative lab, right? So we already
17:37had to talk about color, substrate, and
17:39everything else. So that wasn't
17:41something I experienced in practice,
17:43this shift in communication with the
17:44lab. But today, even today it’s very
17:47important, right? So, until
17:48>> Yes,
17:49>> for the dentist watching us, it’s
17:52important to tell them they need to
17:54send information to the lab.
17:56>> Yes, it always was. Today it’s more
17:58normal. Today, today you send
18:00information, you talk, you exchange
18:02ideas with the lab. Back then, there
18:04was almost no communication. And it’s
18:06not like PFM is over, like, oh no, you
18:09don’t do PFM anymore; it remains
18:11important in the market. We still make
18:13PFM for the market. We have a PFM line
18:17within the company and there are two
18:19types, Inline and Style, which are the
18:21PFMs we sell and they sell, and they
18:23sell a lot. We say: "Oh, man, PFM is
18:27dying," it’s not dying at all, not
18:29dying at all. It’s not dying. There
18:31are a lot of people doing many implant
18:33prosthetics with PFM, a lot, a lot, a
18:35lot of implant work and a lot of work
18:37that many people like with PFM. There
18:39are cases that you can solve with PFM.
18:42>> Uh-huh.
18:43>> So the market has changed. Some labs
18:47today don’t even work with metal
18:49anymore. They don't do it. The guy
18:50doesn't do casting. There are guys who
18:52tell me: "I don't do it," some guys
18:54don't even do ceramic injection anymore
18:55. Can you imagine?
18:57>> Yes. I know many who don't do it
18:58anymore. The guy went totally digital.
19:03He doesn't work with stone models
19:04anymore, doesn't work with ceramic
19:05injection, and doesn't work with metal
19:07anymore. Just that alone is a
19:10revolution, right? It’s another
19:12revolution.
19:12>> Yeah, isn't it?
19:13>> And it’s becoming more and more
19:14common. This
19:15>> is
19:16>> becoming more and more common. Although
19:18we could even get into another topic
19:20here, right? Uh, but the Ivoclar
19:24furnace system, when I first saw it, I
19:26thought it was sensational, you know?
19:30Because it was designed to process the
19:33material the right way. And designed,
19:36when I say this, I don't know if their
19:39intention was to make it for the
19:40technician, because the technician
19:42should have a bit more knowledge than
19:45the dentist, but it seems it was
19:47designed for the dentist, because that
19:49was something that really caught my
19:51attention at the time, when I started
19:53to understand a bit more about the
19:55laboratory process: that it has, it
19:58starts at a specific temperature and it
20:00goes down over a specific time so that
20:02the material burns over a specific time
20:05. Then it decreases the temperature in
20:11a specific time. So, all of this is
20:13very important to mention, even for
20:19those watching us, because we often see
20:23on Instagram, uh, videos and
20:30technicians who take the material out
20:33of the furnace at, I don't know, 700,
20:36600, 800 degrees and put the material
20:39into a press that will inject in an
20:41air-conditioned environment at 23
20:44degrees and, like, everyone thinks this
20:46is normal, right?
20:49>> Yeah.
20:49>> And this doesn't,
20:51>> you have you have a life a life easier,
20:53right?
20:53>> Exactly.
20:54>> It has an easier life.
20:55>> And this creates problems in the
20:57material, right? Cracks,
21:00>> everything, everything has. It's like,
21:02I I don't judge any type of work. If
21:05the guy is working, there's someone
21:06buying.
21:06>> Uh-huh. And but there are better ways
21:09to work and there are better results,
21:12okay? So it is it is like this, Ivoclar
21:16always has a very long history of
21:18furnaces. Ivoclar has been
21:21manufacturing furnaces for over 50
21:23years and we have we had a time when we
21:25did a promotion, when it was 40 years
21:27of the Programat, which is our Ivoclar
21:30furnace, they did a worldwide promotion
21:32that whoever had the oldest working
21:34furnace would win a new one.
21:37>> Cool. And they searched the whole world
21:39. You know, it was a worldwide thing
21:42and they found one of the first
21:44furnaces in a lab that the guy was
21:47using. So they went and gave him a
21:49furnace. At the time, it was a P700,
21:51which was the most glamorous furnace
21:53Ivoclar had. They swapped the guy's
21:54furnace. And he said, he said: "No,
21:56I'll swap it, but I won't give you mine
21:59." I he said, I don't, I I even I I
22:04even want it. Thanks, but I won't give
22:06you my furnace, I'm keeping mine and
22:08>> so, like, no, but you'll get a new
22:10furnace, a P700, it's a different
22:11furnace. No, that's fine, I, it's cool,
22:13but this one here is working too. I'm
22:15going to keep both. I mean, the quality
22:19of the equipment, the company's concern
22:21with creating equipment that actually
22:24works, it’s different.
22:25>> Uh-huh.
22:26>> Today we sell a huge number of these
22:28units. And I see some people telling me
22:32: "I take courses, I was there today,
22:34and while talking to the guy there, he
22:36said to me: 'Man, I just use the firing
22:38programs that are in here. The furnace
22:43has all the firing programs, everything
22:44on the screen, the guy just goes, taps
22:46the touch screen and it starts." I use
22:48this firing program right here. "As we
22:50were talking, I asked:" But do you know
22:52why it raises to this temperature? Why
22:55does it go at this specific rate of
22:57degrees per minute? Why does it hold
22:59for this long? "" Oh, no, I just follow
23:00what's on the screen. "And those are
23:04things that Ivoclar has made easier,
23:06let’s say.
23:07>> Oh, absolutely.
23:08>> You know? There are other furnaces on
23:10the market, there are good quality
23:12furnaces too. I’m not saying Ivoclar
23:14is the only one, but what happens with
23:16these furnaces? They have a different
23:20firing quality than what else is on the
23:22market. That’s not just me saying it.
23:24You can ask anyone who owns one of
23:25these furnaces. I’m not the one who
23:27invented that. And you see that the
23:31furnaces have an ease of operation, of
23:34handling the equipment, like opening,
23:36turning on, setting it to fire, turning
23:39it off. The time to turn the equipment
23:42off, the time to turn it on, it's very
23:44straightforward,
23:44>> it's,
23:45>> it's intuitive and that really makes
23:48life easier for the technician and also
23:50for the dentist. Imagine a dentist who
23:53has a patient in the chair, milled a
23:54piece, needs to do some staining, has
23:56to put it in the furnace; they aren't
23:57going to spend time studying why it
23:58reaches that temperature, they do that
24:00when they go to a course. In their
24:02day-to-day, they need one button.
24:04>> What do you need to do? One button. You
24:06go there, click one button, put the
24:07piece in, click another button, and you
24:09have your furnace working. It does
24:10everything.
24:11>> That is fantastic.
24:12>> That's it. Yeah. It's just that when I
24:15went to my master's degree, in one week
24:17we learned how to use the furnace in a
24:20very simple, effective way; it fired
24:22the piece, and it came out beautiful,
24:25effective. Yeah, like, the first
24:28furnace I had contact with was the
24:30Davoc. So that really left me,
24:32>> it was something truly designed to make
24:33things easier. Right? Something that
24:36really makes a difference. And when we
24:38study it a bit more, we understand the
24:41reasons, right? There's a reason for
24:44the temperature to be exactly that, the
24:45timing for it to change, which
24:47sometimes the dentist doesn't
24:48understand. And that is very important.
24:52>> It's because it's also not their
24:53day-to-day.
24:53>> It's not their day-to-day. Exactly.
24:55>> They don't understand because it's not
24:56their reality, they don't need to
24:57understand that. Actually, it's not
24:59that they don't want to understand, or
25:01can't understand. It's not that.
25:03>> It's that they don't need to understand
25:04. It's the same thing as talking to a
25:06technician about cementation. They say,
25:09you apply it there, apply it inside the
25:10piece, apply it inside the patient,
25:11stick it there, glue it, and that's it.
25:13That's it. I say:" No, there are other
25:15things.
25:16>> There's cement, there's adhesive,
25:17there's silane, there's a bunch of
25:19stuff you apply there to make this work
25:21. It's not just mixing a paste in there
25:23and putting it in the mouth. It doesn't
25:26work like that. But the technician
25:27doesn't have—it's not that they
25:29aren't capable of understanding or that
25:31they aren't interested, it's just not
25:32their day-to-day. That is the dentist's
25:34day-to-day. And Ivoclar manages to
25:37navigate both areas with great ease.
25:40>> Very well.
25:42>> Because of our training, courses, and
25:44our reach to the dentists. We talk
25:47about, about, about Ivoclar, and it's
25:50something we do, that I've been saying
25:53for a long time: Ivoclar isn't so small
25:55that it has to fear competitors or the
25:58direction the market is taking, nor so
26:01big that it can't get to know all its
26:03customers. So, we are everywhere, we
26:07visit people, we are out in the field,
26:10we go to every corner and we are a
26:12company that is a—a family company.
26:15The company is a family business.
26:16Ivoclar is a company, Ivoclar only has
26:18one owner. Ivoclar is a multinational
26:21working in, it has more than 50—if
26:23I'm not mistaken, there are 56
26:26subsidiaries worldwide, and it's a
26:28family business. It has an owner who
26:30cares, who is the owner, is the owner
26:32of everything. It's a family, the Zera
26:34family, who owns the owner of Ivoclar,
26:38>> it’s not a public company, it’s
26:39nothing, it has only one owner and
26:41it’s a company that moved the entire
26:43world.
26:44>> Yes. Wow, today it’s one of the most
26:45important in the world, right, when we
26:47talk about aesthetics.
26:48>> It’s really cool.
26:49>> Let me ask a question, more of a doubt
26:50of mine, right? When we talk about
26:53minimally invasive materials, did that
26:55start with e.max or was it already done
26:58before e.max? It was possible,
27:00>> no, it was already being done, it was
27:01already being done, it was already
27:02being done. The, the e.max, actually,
27:03it started entering into this. Uh-huh.
27:05>> Because its hardness favored that.
27:08>> Uh-huh. Contact lenses were already
27:11being made on refractory, it was a lot
27:13of work, the guy had to manipulate it,
27:15he had to make the refractory. After he
27:19made the whole tooth, he had to remove
27:21the refractory and try it on the model.
27:22That would get extremely thin and break
27:25very easily. So minimally invasive
27:28already existed, but not with the ease
27:30that e.max generated. The e.max lithium
27:34disilicate generated an ease of working
27:36minimally invasively that changed the
27:39world. Then everyone started doing it.
27:41>> Uh-huh.
27:41>> Before, no. Before, those who did it
27:43were guys specialized in ceramics, who
27:46had knowledge, who had patience to do
27:48it and the skill to do it. With e.max,
27:50it changed. The guy could do a wax-up
27:53by hand. And back then the wax-up was
27:55by hand, today it isn't anymore. Life
27:58has changed.
27:59>> Yeah,
27:59>> technology has changed, labs have
28:01changed since then. The wax-up was by
28:03hand, you waxed on the model, applied
28:05separator, waxed, you had to remove
28:07that wax-up. You made a veneer of 0.5,
28:100.4, 0.3 and you had to remove it.
28:14>> To get to 0.3, you had to kill yourself
28:16,
28:17>> you did it, we used to do it, we waxed
28:19it at 0.4. Always, I always told people
28:21, inject at 0.4, you won't have a
28:23headache, inject at 0.4. We used to do
28:25it initially, remove it, position it in
28:28the ring, inject it, and then do all
28:31the finishing, gradually finishing
28:33until it reached 0.3, 0.2 and then do
28:36the minimally invasive,
28:38>> which was when they started doing
28:40veneers with practically no preparation
28:42, man. You just removed the tooth
28:44undercuts, the tooth, you just removed
28:46the undercuts and made a contact lens
28:47there
28:49>> which, and the term "contact lens" was
28:51created after doing all of this.
28:54>> Uh-huh. I see. Very, very cool.
28:57>> So much so that at the beginning we had
28:59a lot of this early on, we had many
29:01people, many patients who would go to
29:02the office and say they wanted to get
29:04contact lenses. Then the dentist would
29:07say, "No, but your teeth aren't, you
29:09don't need them, so..." Back then,
29:10dentistry wasn't like it is today.
29:12Today, today the guy says, "I want to
29:14get contact lenses," and he's already
29:15preparing the teeth. Yeah,
29:18>> you know? And back then, man, no, you
29:20don't need that, man. If you do some
29:22whitening, your life changes, it'll
29:23already improve, you can do a little
29:25resin here, there, there. And the
29:28patient had this idea in their head
29:30that they put them on like eye contact
29:32lenses. Like, I put them on, I go to a
29:35party, I go to a wedding, I'll do this,
29:37I'll go with contact lenses, and then
29:38I'll take them off and go back to my
29:39normal teeth. No, you're going to wear
29:42down your enamel, you'll need to do
29:43this, do that, it'll be bonded, but
29:45your life won't be the same anymore.
29:47>> Uh-huh. And people, it was after a long
29:51time that people started to understand
29:53what it was, but it did change
29:54dentistry. It changed,
29:56>> it didn't change it completely, right?
29:58That, that is pretty cool.
30:00>> And minimally invasive is getting
30:02stronger every day,
30:04>> yes,
30:05>> right? And sometimes even too much.
30:10Sometimes even more than it should be,
30:11because like, "Oh, no, to be minimally
30:13invasive, we're going to do veneers,"
30:14and then they make a veneer that
30:15doesn't fit the guy's mouth.
30:17>> Uh-huh. Then it's,
30:19>> yeah, exactly. Then you see people even
30:22with exaggerated, with exaggerated
30:24veneers. Six, I think six, or I think
30:27it was six. We worked with Sirona
30:31within Ivoclar. We had, we were very
30:35close partners and we had the milling
30:37machines inside Ivoclar at the time, up
30:40until the launch of the MCXL, when the
30:42release of the milling machine, the
30:44latest milling machine from Sirona came
30:47out. That's Sirona right there. Then
30:50Sirona actually came to Brazil and
30:51split from Ivoclar and came as a
30:53company, all properly set up. And it's
30:56what it is today, a big company, later
30:58it was sold to Dentsply, but it's a big
30:59company.
31:01>> And we used to make the pieces, it was
31:03a small Cerec that had a small door
31:05that you put in there, and it was
31:07already a hell of an evolution,
31:09>> right?
31:10>> Wow, spectacular. You work with
31:12software, designing a tooth. It was
31:14something where you'd say, "No way, man
31:15, how does this thing design a tooth?
31:17What technology is this? Innovation,
31:19the computer designs a tooth. You'd
31:21talk about it, you'd show this at a
31:23congress, people would crowd around,
31:24watching the thing. Today it's
31:25run-of-the-mill, right? You see it as a
31:27normal thing. You see, there are tons
31:28of people. Today everyone uses it,
31:30there's a, you created a new profession
31:32.
31:32>> Yes.
31:32>> Which is the CAD designer.
31:33>> The CAD designer. Exactly.
31:34>> Which didn't exist, there were no CAD
31:36designers. No one, no one was a CAD
31:38designer. The guy was the dentist
31:39himself. So much so that the first
31:42CERECs had the scanning tower that was
31:43the same one that designed. You didn't
31:46have a computer to design, you designed
31:47right there.
31:49>> So it was the dentist who designed. The
31:51goal of the milling machines was
31:54chairside.
31:56>> Yes.
31:57>> It wasn't, it wasn't laboratory-based.
31:58>> Right.
31:59>> There were no laboratory milling
32:01machines. Large milling machines that
32:03mill 15, 20 discs at once, eight discs
32:05at once. They didn't exist. There was
32:07only a milling machine for the office.
32:09You'd see the patient, scan, mill, and
32:11put it in the patient's mouth.
32:12Chairside. That's when the market
32:16started to understand that, hey, I can
32:19create a bigger milling machine, I can
32:22mill other materials, I can mill a
32:24zirconia and manage to do larger jobs
32:28>> that lithium disilicate can't do. e.max
32:30has a, has a limitation. e.max makes up
32:33to three-unit anterior bridges.
32:36>> It doesn't, it doesn't involve
32:37posterior bridges and single teeth. Any
32:39single tooth, but I can't do an e.max
32:42protocol
32:43>> out of lithium disilicate. I can't do a
32:47four or five-unit bridge in lithium
32:49disilicate, but zirconia exists. We can
32:51work with that.
32:52>> Uh-huh. Then a zirconia was developed
32:56that was totally white at the time and
32:59made copings which, in, I, I was raised
33:04inside e.max, right? I grew up at
33:07Ivoclar, I've worked at Ivoclar forever
33:10with e.max.
33:11>> Uh-huh. which was lithium disilicate.
33:14When the guys told me," No, there's an
33:16extremely good, rigid, new, innovative
33:18material that will make copings and the
33:20coping is extremely hard, it has over
33:221000 megapascals, an innovative thing.
33:25"" Wow, how cool, man. "" Let's see
33:26this thing. "" Come on, man, but it's
33:29white. "" White? No, but it's going to
33:31hide the substrate. "I said," But I
33:32already have HO ingots to hide the
33:34substrate, I don't need to switch. ""
33:35No, but it's hard. "" No, that's fine.
33:37"AO is also hard, man. No, but it
33:39doesn't have the same bonding power. We
33:42have the disilicate one. Why did they
33:44even invent this stuff? For nothing.
33:46Then later we started to understand how
33:48it worked. Man, you can make a bar,
33:50>> you can make a protocol bar.
33:53>> There was even a system inside the
33:55zirconia software called Cadion, where
33:57you'd insert the bar, design the bar,
33:59mill the bar, and then you'd mill the
34:02disilicate pieces to fit onto that bar.
34:04>> Onto the bar, right?
34:05>> So it was a totally different thing.
34:07>> Uh-huh. And then zirconia also came
34:10along with its evolution, where today
34:13we can make a zirconia crown with very
34:16good translucency, a great result in a
34:20material with very good hardness
34:23>> and with a very fast workflow. You mill
34:27a zirconia piece in a milling machine
34:30much faster than a disilicate one. And
34:34you have a material there with
34:36incredible milling quality. You have
34:39milling machines today that are
34:41fantastic.
34:41>> The aesthetics are really very good. So
34:44much so that, some crowns I get in
34:46zirconia, looking at them, I doubt if
34:48this is disilicate or zirconia, I don't
34:49know. Then I have to check the
34:52paperwork the lab sends me to see, you
34:55know? I go by the weight. I go by...
34:57>> It's much heavier.
34:59>> I go by the weight because there are
35:01cases where you look at it and say,"
35:02Man, I don't know if this is... "
35:04Imagine me, I give training, I teach
35:06courses, and I give courses everywhere.
35:09And sometimes we do a zirconia course,
35:10we do a disilicate course, I make a
35:12disilicate model, a zirconia model, and
35:14I design it in CAD. But the course
35:18model is always the same. It's not like
35:21I have 200 models or 10 different
35:23course models. I have one course model
35:26that is functional for those who teach.
35:30You can see. Instructors usually have
35:32them.
35:33>> Yes.
35:34>> Why? You'll have to look at 15
35:36different people doing the work. If you
35:38had different projects in every course,
35:40each time your head would be spinning.
35:43When I pick up a model that is the
35:44course model I use, I just take one
35:45look and say," Shoot, you need to
35:47change that angle. "
35:48>> Uh-huh.
35:49>> Because you're already used to it. But
35:51I teach both disilicate and zirconia
35:53courses, and sometimes I have the
35:54finished tooth there at the office, you
35:56take both, you ask yourself which one
35:58is disilicate. I said," Man, I don't
36:00remember. "Let's look at the weight,
36:01let's look at the sound. Then you go,
36:03you go, then you discover the
36:05difference.
36:06>> But today, today you look, there is a
36:07difference. Material,
36:09>> Zirconia quality, we have, we, Ivoclar
36:11is Ivoclar, Ivoclar has one of the
36:13largest dental product research and
36:15development labs in the world. The
36:20place, the floor that does the research
36:22and development is just a massive
36:23operation, man. Eh, and they research,
36:27and what they are researching today is
36:30a reality we will only see in 3 years.
36:33What will be released, we will have
36:36launches in 2027.
36:38>> We already have, we've already been
36:40informed that we will have launches in
36:432027. What will be launched in 2027 is
36:46the past in the R&D department, it's
36:50not the future.
36:51>> Uh-huh. The future is what they are
36:53thinking about today, which we have no
36:55idea what it is, you know? It's, it's a
36:57crazy thing and it's something that
36:59really motivates me to work at Ivoclar.
37:02I tell, I tell everyone, Ivoclar has a
37:05launch every month, every month there
37:08is a launch. We say:" Well, but it's
37:11not, it's not, it's not an explosive
37:13launch like, oh, wow, we reinvented the
37:15wheel. "But every month there is a
37:18launch. Either it's software, it's a
37:20new shade, or it's a new way to use a
37:22material that wasn't approved before,
37:24but now is.
37:26>> Or it's a new CAM or CAD, something
37:28that will change in the CAD. So, every
37:31month there is something for you to
37:32study. Every month there is something
37:34for you to look at and see that it will
37:35change, that it will work, will be good
37:37for such and such. We have a commercial
37:40mindset, obviously, like, wow, this
37:42will sell if I show it to the guy who
37:44works that way, I can recommend this to
37:46such and such a person, and sometimes
37:48the sales reps get together, okay? We
37:51are launching this, we can promote this
37:52to the specific client profile that
37:54will use this, okay? It's the XP, the
37:56TTO, these guys are the ones who will
37:57use this material. So that is, that is
37:59motivating, that is motivating.
38:02>> because you're always innovating
38:04something, always creating new material
38:06, and we have 2027 releases that we
38:08don't know the exact date for yet, we
38:10don't know exactly how it will work,
38:12and we don't talk about it until it's
38:15actually released, right? Yeah,
38:18>> but
38:20>> hey, professors, how are you? Good
38:23evening. Good evening. Good evening.
38:25>> Uh, we have three Emax fans in the chat
38:27here.
38:27>> I didn't even see it. I was talking
38:28here and didn't see the chat. No
38:30problem. Let's go. Uh, Tom here, look,
38:35asked me to talk about the Senã Arte
38:38phenomenon, okay? The Leviz here, look,
38:45he asked to talk a bit about Empress
38:47CAD too, okay? And there was another
38:52question here too. about the Levis also
38:55asked to talk a bit, explain a bit
38:57about the types of zirconia.
39:01>> Let's exist.
39:02>> Let's start with the quickest one. The
39:05Empress CAD
39:08>> Empress CAD is actually leucite, it's a
39:11leucite block
39:15>> and it's a material, man, that we work
39:17with and as I said, Ivoclar keeps
39:18innovating, right? It keeps creating
39:21things, bringing things to the market,
39:23changing the market. And Empress CAD is
39:26a material that we have a level of
39:28translucency. In my point of view, it's
39:32the material with the most homogeneous
39:35shade that there is in color, in color
39:38ease. You take an Empress CAD block to
39:41mill and make an anterior tooth. It's
39:43the only material we have now that is
39:45multi. It has Empress CAD Multi with
39:48dentin and incisal in the same block.
39:51So the technician mills it, or the
39:52dentist mills it, it goes into the
39:54patient's mouth, they can just polish
39:55it and it goes in. It has a relatively
39:59lower hardness than e.max, but with an
40:02incredible color capacity for contact
40:05lenses, veneers, and anterior crowns.
40:09It is spectacular.
40:10>> And it already comes, you said, the
40:12professor said it already comes with a
40:14dentin and enamel block.
40:15>> It's the same block that already has
40:18>> it, 25%translucent enamel, 25%
40:21transition, and 50%color.
40:24>> Sensational. The hardness is the same
40:26in all its areas, but I can, for
40:28example, on CAD, when I'm designing, I
40:29design on CAD, send it to CAM, and then
40:31to the milling machine. When I position
40:34the piece inside the block, I can set
40:37it to be more or less translucent, and
40:39I can create a tooth that is
40:41practically ready. I see.
40:43>> So this makes it very easy for adhesion
40:45, translucency, and color visualization
40:48, all very homogeneous. It’s a
40:50differentiated material.
40:51>> Zirconia is heading in the same
40:53direction.
40:54>> Uh-huh.
40:55>> Today, we have different types of
40:57zirconia on the market. It’s no
40:58longer what I told you at the beginning
41:00, like, wow, they introduced me to
41:02zirconia. Wow, a new material, hard,
41:04resistant, cool, and so on. How cool.
41:06What is it? It’s white. But this is
41:09white, man.
41:10>> Can I...
41:10>> It looks ugly.
41:13>> And today, after a lot of time, a lot
41:15of research, and a lot of study, they
41:17created three different types of
41:19zirconia.
41:20>> Uh-huh.
41:21>> We already have zirconia with color,
41:23right? And it has three different types
41:25of hardness. At Ivoclar, folks, there
41:29are two types of zirconia discs: the
41:31IPS e.max ZirCAD Prime and the IPS
41:34e.max ZirCAD Prime Esthetic.
41:36>> Uh-huh.
41:37>> Which is the Prime. It’s a zirconia
41:40with three parts yttrium at the
41:42cervical of the zirconia
41:44>> with five parts yttrium in the incisal
41:47part.
41:47>> I see.
41:48>> The more yttrium infiltration, the
41:50lower the zirconia's resistance and the
41:52higher the translucency. So I take a
41:55Prime zirconia that has three parts
41:58yttrium, it has 1200 MPa at the
42:01cervical
42:03>> in the lower part of the disc. In the
42:05upper part of the disc, it has 650 MPa,
42:07but it has higher translucency. So I
42:11get a cooler result regarding color and
42:13resistance.
42:15>> All in one single block.
42:16>> In one single block. The block is
42:18multilayer.
42:19>> Yes.
42:19>> And it has layers. The first 3 mm is
42:21translucency. The next 4 mm is
42:23transition, and whatever is left of the
42:26block downward is hardness.
42:28>> Uh-huh.
42:29>> But the Prime has...what happens? The
42:32same situation: where it has more
42:34resistance, it has more opacity.
42:36>> Yes. While I have the Prime Esthetic,
42:41which is another zirconia, I have at
42:44the incisal edge the same five parts
42:48yttrium for translucency, 650 MPa, and
42:51a cervical with four parts yttrium,
42:55which gives me a resistance of 850 MPa,
43:01with the same concept: the first 3 mm
43:03of the disc, imagine the disc is a big
43:0598 mm puck. The first 3 mm of the disc
43:10have 650 MPa. The next 4 mm is a color
43:14transition. And whatever discs are
43:18smaller, because I have 18 mm discs, I
43:22have 16, 20, 25 and 30, 30 mm discs, I
43:25think. It's, it's still coming out.
43:27It's not out yet, but a 30 mm disc is
43:28coming. So, I have a 16 mm and a 14 mm
43:31disc. So, depending on the tooth you're
43:35making, you choose the disc height. I
43:37see.
43:38>> That's a very common mistake we've
43:41found in the market. Like, laboratories
43:44buy one, some labs buy a standard disc.
43:47I buy a 20 mm one and it works for
43:49everything. But if you have a short,
43:52small tooth, you'll have to set the
43:54tooth deep into the disc.
43:56>> Way into the disc,
43:57>> you know? If I have a, if I have a
43:59small tooth, I need a thinner disc.
44:02>> Uh-huh. If I have a large tooth, I
44:04can't do it on the thin disc, it won't
44:06fit. So, then you move to a 25 mm disc.
44:11But most teeth fit in a 20 mm disc, so
44:13the guy moves it around in there; but
44:14sometimes it ends up too translucent,
44:16sometimes there's too much resistance
44:18at the base and little...it should have
44:20been higher up in the disc, because it
44:22needed to be a bit taller, you know?
44:25>> That's important, isn't it? Because you
44:27have to understand where I have the 3
44:29and 5 zirconia layers to be able to
44:30work with the correct resistances.
44:32Today the market is new to zirconia.
44:36People are starting to understand and
44:38know more about zirconia. Pressed
44:40disilicate, some people tell me that
44:42it's already, oh, that's already in the
44:44past. No, it's not the past. It's a
44:46reality. Today it's a reality. There
44:48are laboratories that inject a lot.
44:50>> Yes,
44:50>> I was at a lab recently, the guy
44:52injects 25 rings a day.
44:54>> Wow,
44:55>> it's the quantity, the guy's production
44:57is something beautiful to see. that
44:59pile of furnaces injecting, that pile
45:01of rings injecting and you say:" Wow,
45:03that's the past. "It's not the past.
45:05It's his reality. It's the reality for
45:08many large laboratories because it's
45:09more economical.
45:10>> Yeah,
45:11>> I mill a wax
45:13>> and inject it, or I print a wax.
45:17>> What is in the past that we see today,
45:19which some people are still doing, but
45:21it is becoming the past. Metal-ceramic.
45:27I see some labs starting to get rid of,
45:29to step away from, the guy says," ah, I
45:31don't want to do casting anymore, that
45:32dangerous stuff, using a torch, "you
45:34know? I don't want to do that anymore.
45:37And some labs that no longer do manual
45:39waxing. Today the cost of a printer is
45:44very low and the guy has software, he
45:46designs, he scans, dentists are
45:48investing a lot in intraoral scanners.
45:53>> Today the teeth, especially the newer
45:54ones, are all intraoral scanned.
45:57>> And not to mention that there are many
45:58tooth libraries today, right? So the
46:00guy just drops the tooth library in
46:02there, man.
46:02>> According to the patient's anatomy. He
46:05takes it, he looks," man, this one will
46:07look nicer. "" This one will look
46:08better than that one. "He designs it,
46:10designs it, gives the command to the
46:12machine, the machine mills, designs
46:13that, and already puts it to mill.
46:16>> Yeah,
46:16>> get it? Then he took it out there, put
46:18it, put it to mill, no, put it to print
46:20. And you print one little tooth, print
46:2350 little teeth on that tray, a bunch
46:25of, a bunch of teeth, all printed, all
46:27at once. Beautiful thing, the guy sets
46:30the printer to run at night, arrives
46:31the next day, all the waxing is ready,
46:33then just inject. Hmm.
46:34>> So injection remains very active in the
46:37market, the ingot remains very active.
46:40>> And milling changed with zirconia and
46:43the Seran Art, which was what the guy
46:47asked about there, Tom, Seran Art is a
46:50new product.
46:52>> Yeah, so when he mentioned it, I don't
46:54know, I don't really know it like that.
46:56So,
46:57>> it's a new material from Ivoclar.
47:00Ivoclar has always worked with stains.
47:02>> Uh-huh. They spent many years changing
47:07the world's mind about a staining
47:09material.
47:12>> And for the world to believe that a
47:14stain actually stays in the mouth.
47:16>> Yeah, many technicians I know to this
47:18day still have this,"
47:20>> it won't come off, it won't come off. "
47:22There are Chinese vases that guys find
47:24buried there from a dynasty,
47:27>> some dynasty or other, and the guys
47:28find it's all painted, the tooth won't
47:30come off. If a guy manages to remove a
47:33stain while brushing,
47:35>> wow,
47:35>> he has already destroyed his gums,
47:37already. It doesn't come off, it really
47:40doesn't, it doesn't come off. There are
47:41studies on this, there are master's
47:43theses, doctoral,
47:44>> yes,
47:45>> brushing cycles, and so on, with more
47:47abrasive paste, less abrasive, and so
47:49on. If the work is cheap and shoddy,
47:53there's that too, right?
47:54>> Uh-huh.
47:55>> It's not because a material exists that
47:58if you just work with it any old way,
48:00it will turn out well,
48:02>> it will work out, right?
48:03>> But things don't work like that,
48:05>> but if the material is used the right
48:07way, it won't come off at all. And
48:10Sheran Art is a product Ivoclar
48:11released on the market a few months ago
48:17, and it arrived in Brazil—we
48:19basically launched it at Cipro, which
48:21was the congress in PR just this
48:23September.
48:26>> We launched this material at Cipro, we
48:27put it in dental supply stores after
48:29Cipro, and now it's already in some, in
48:31the major dental supply stores, and
48:33they're already selling it; the market
48:35has already started using it. What is,
48:38what is Sheran Art? It's a makeup. It's
48:41a makeup material, a ceramic. We call
48:44this liquid ceramic, right? Because
48:46it's a makeup that's a bit more viscous
48:48than Ivocolor, which we're used to,
48:50which is the makeup material we have
48:51today.
48:54>> You have more covering power, more
48:57spreading power with the material. So I
49:02can spread the makeup and do the
49:04painting with a better finishing result
49:07. And I have a material that for me was
49:12spectacular. There are, there are two
49:14things that are spectacular. There are
49:15two makeup kits there. One is called
49:18Illusion, the other is called Gingiva,
49:20right? One Gingiva, the other, the
49:22other is called Illusion. Sheran Art
49:24Illusion. They created color shades for
49:28light absorption and reflection.
49:32>> Interesting.
49:33>> Not just those non-colored ones, yellow
49:35, red, blue, cream, and so on.
49:38>> They are light absorption and
49:39reflection masses. With these light
49:43absorption and reflection masses, I can
49:45lower the value of a piece or raise the
49:47value of the piece.
49:49>> Which we couldn't do with makeup.
49:52Applying white makeup, you don't—ah,
49:54let's paint the piece white. You can't
49:56paint a piece white, you don't get a
49:57good result; you paint it, it gets all
49:59stained, it gets marks, it gets streaks
50:01,
50:01>> you can tell, right?
50:02>> Yeah, you can. And the, the essence of
50:05makeup is for you not to see that it's
50:08made up.
50:08>> Uh-huh.
50:09>> Understand? If you see it's made up,
50:11it's fake.
50:12>> Yes.
50:13>> Understand? It's ugly.
50:14>> So you have to do—I tell, I say this
50:16in courses, people laugh, right? I say:
50:18" Makeup is good when you can't see it
50:20anymore. "Then the guy says:" Hey, but
50:22you painted the tooth, can you see it?
50:24"No, you can't see it. You have to see
50:25tooth. If you're seeing paint,
50:28>> you're screwed,
50:28>> it's wrong. You have to see tooth. You
50:31can't see paint. And so the guy goes on
50:33staining, right. Then he starts to
50:35understand because you demonstrate, and
50:36he says:" See? Now I don't see paint
50:37anymore, I see color from within. "You
50:39put a shade guide next to it, it
50:40matches the shade guide. Uh-huh.
50:42>> I no longer see where I applied paint
50:43and where I didn't. I see a tooth. And
50:46that's the idea. And IPS Ivocolor Art
50:48makes it easier for you to reach that
50:50result with the colors
50:52>> of light absorption and reflection.
50:54>> The idea of light absorption and
50:56reflection is an old color concept. We
50:58have always
50:59>> only seen reflection. I say this in
51:01every course. We only see what reflects
51:04.
51:04>> If everything were dark, we wouldn't
51:06see anything. And these materials are
51:08exactly that, they have a higher
51:10reflection power. And a gingiva kit
51:14with 12 gingiva colors there, with a
51:18spectacular gingiva shade, red gingiva,
51:22pink gingiva, dark lilac gingiva,
51:25lighter lilac, and a covering paste
51:28that allows you to give more form
51:33>> to the piece. And there you can give a
51:36bit more anatomy to the gingiva,
51:39>> work the piece a little more,
51:40>> and leave that stain you did underneath
51:43it all. So you have a 3 D-like visual,
51:46both of the gingiva and the tooth.
51:48>> Wow, cool.
51:50>> So this material was a launch from
51:52Ivoclar that for the research team
51:54might be the past, but for us, it's a
51:57very real present, and we are betting
51:59on it for the coming years. I see.
52:04Rafael Vida asked here, so will IPS
52:06Ivocolor Art replace the pigments? The
52:10idea is not to replace them, okay? The
52:13idea, the idea of Ivocolor Art is not
52:15to replace. We have the pigments,
52:17Ivocolor, right, which are the makeup
52:19pigments we use today. The idea is not
52:22to replace Ivocolor. We have Ivocolor.
52:26I feel very confident staining with
52:27Ivocolor. I can achieve any color, in
52:29any situation with Ivocolor. I'll be
52:32able to do that with Art, for sure. But
52:35the idea is not to replace it. Ivocolor
52:37even has more pigment colors than
52:39Ivocolor Art. Because in Ivocolor, I
52:43have some colors that Art doesn't have.
52:46>> Uh-huh.
52:46>> And the firing temperature of Ivocolor
52:49is close. I can do a makeup, for
52:52example, do the first makeup, do
52:53characterization with Ivocolor,
52:55continue with Cerarte makeup, keep
52:57going and make a transition of
52:58materials.
53:00>> What will happen is, this will be
53:03logical and an obvious trend. It's like
53:07, you finished your A1 shade, you
53:11bought an A1 shade of Ivocolor, so
53:13it’s going to be a transition of
53:15materials. It doesn’t mean, it didn't
53:18come to say" oh no, you can't, the
53:19Ivocolor you have today you don't use
53:21anymore, it's useless. "No, that's not
53:23how it works. And that’s how every
53:25material Ivoclar has launched
53:27throughout its life has been, okay?
53:30Ivoclar has been launching materials
53:31for its entire existence. When we
53:32launched Empress Esthetic, people said,
53:36" Empress Esthetic came to replace
53:38Empress, Empress 2. "No, IPS e.max came
53:42to replace Empress 2 when the market
53:45was already working with Empress. for
53:51for e.max because e.max had a different
53:54quality.
53:56>> Yeah. people continued working with
53:59Empress Esthetic and that evolved
54:02naturally. And today everyone works
54:06with e.max. So it’s a material
54:10evolution, a material evolution. And
54:12it's good that it is, it's good that it
54:14exists, right? Evolution exists, it has
54:15to happen,
54:16>> otherwise we'd still be working with
54:18stamped crowns today.
54:20>> I don't know if you know what a stamped
54:22crown is, but it's from way back, right
54:25? Back in the day, guys would make a
54:29gold sheet and it was stamped with a
54:31hammer.
54:31>> Wow. Well, back in the day, I didn't, I
54:34I didn't work with that. Let me be
54:38clear, let’s be clear, I didn't work
54:40with that, but I know it exists,
54:42>> but that's how it was. Back then it
54:44worked and we would still be using
54:46stamped ones and wouldn't have evolved.
54:48So materials evolve, but it's not a
54:50replacement, it's a material that can
54:51work in conjunction.
54:53>> And I can get shades with Ivocolor that
54:56maybe I can't with Cerarte, but I have
54:59tones and ease of layering with Cerarte
55:01and a material viscosity that I found
55:04cooler for doing, for example, a
55:06gingiva. The gingival shades, for
55:10example, until then I didn't have a red
55:13gingival color, okay? Today I have it
55:18in Cerarte.
55:20>> and until then I didn't have, for
55:22example, the possibility to mill a
55:24full-arch bridge already with the tone
55:26and the shape of the gingiva ready.
55:29>> Uh-huh. Today I can mill a protocol,
55:32mill a zirconia bridge, something like
55:34that, with the gingival part already
55:36shaped, and just stain it.
55:40>> In a structure of, I don't know, a few
55:42millimeters, let's say 0.0 something,
55:45which is the thickness of the stain, I
55:48can block the color of a zirconia,
55:50which is white, and I can generate
55:52color on it, fix it to the zirconia,
55:55put a glaze on top and I have
55:58>> a stained piece. In the color, with a
56:01gingival color in 12 different shades
56:03that we didn't have before.
56:05>> Wow, so that changes a lot.
56:07>> It's an evolution, it's an evolution of
56:09gingival material. It's a glaring,
56:11glaring, significant evolution because
56:13of the shades. And it's the first red
56:17material, let's say, with that fire
56:19engine red, which is that Ferrari red,
56:22right, that we talk about, that is
56:24cadmium-free. Why didn't this red exist
56:29? Because the material that makes the
56:33red is cadmium, which is toxic.
56:37>> I see.
56:37>> So people don't, factories don't
56:39develop, don't make it. Oh, if I use a
56:42little bit, will I get cancer? No,
56:44things don't work like that. But it is
56:47dangerous in the long run.
56:49>> Uh-huh.
56:49>> And the factory has employees, right?
56:52Someone has to manufacture that. You
56:54have to think about those who
56:54manufacture it.
56:55>> Uh-huh. We have employees.
56:57>> Well, not us, right? I don't own the
56:59factory. I would really like to, but
57:02>> but the factory has a very high level
57:04of responsibility. If you look at
57:07Ivoclar's level of responsibility, I've
57:09been there for many years. If you look,
57:12if you analyze closely the
57:14responsibility Ivoclar has with the
57:17materials that go to your office, it's
57:19an absurdly large thing. It's a safety
57:23margin that sometimes even we doubt.
57:27Can't I really do this? No, it's not
57:30indicated. But why is it not indicated?
57:32The world is doing it. Sometimes you go
57:34to a laboratory, the guy is doing
57:35exactly what the company said is not
57:36indicated. You can do it, but it's a
57:38contraindication. Why? Because this,
57:40that, X, Y, Z could happen, so it could
57:42break, it could fracture, this could
57:44happen. So it is contraindicated. But
57:47there are a lot of people doing it.
57:49Ours can't.
57:50>> Uh-huh.
57:51>> And sometimes we want it to work, right
57:52? You say:" No, just let me do a little
57:54bit, come on, let's do it, let's try to
57:56see what happens, man. Why are you
57:57going to try? I have the biggest
57:59research lab in the world,
58:01>> I'm not going to try. It's going to
58:03work, or there's going to be a problem.
58:05"So, the level of responsibility is
58:07really very high. The safety margin and
58:09responsibility is really very large,
58:11man.
58:12>> No, but this possibility has changed
58:13the market a lot, right? Because before
58:15you had to apply it there, try to
58:16create a little volume, now it comes
58:18out with the volume ready, you just
58:19paint it, so to speak.
58:21>> The world, the world is getting simpler
58:23, right? The world, the world is
58:25getting simpler, people are getting
58:26more
58:27>> more, uh, spoiled,
58:29>> thinking like that, right? But it's not
58:31just dentistry, it's everything.
58:32>> Yes, for everything. For everything,
58:34>> okay? Before, you had to make coffee,
58:36you had to go buy the powder, buy the
58:38stuff, make it, put it in, pour hot
58:40water. I'm terrible in the kitchen, I
58:42don't know. I don't know how to fry an
58:43egg. But you had to do all that, today
58:45you don't. You have a capsule. For me,
58:47it's an absurd advantage. I wake up in
58:48the morning, go there, put in the
58:49capsule, press a button, my coffee is
58:51ready,
58:51>> it's ready.
58:52>> Understand? You have things today, or
58:54facilities, where life is getting
58:56simpler and simpler. And here in
58:59dentistry material too, the company
59:00strives for that as well.
59:02>> Uh-huh. It's going to get easier. So,
59:05it becomes easier for me to do a
59:07protocol, for example, not necessarily
59:09a protocol, it could be a larger fixed
59:10restoration where there might be a bone
59:12issue, maybe, I don't know, lost bone
59:14for some reason, and you're going to do
59:16a fixed restoration with gingiva. And
59:20there, the guy in CAD, he already
59:22designs the fixed piece with the
59:23gingiva, positions the gingiva, aligns
59:25everything, mills it, it goes to makeup
59:27, and in makeup, he leaves everything
59:29ready. I used to have to stratify, I
59:33used to have to change the color, I had
59:34to mix colors to mix powders
59:37>> to generate a red color that today I
59:39don't need anymore. I had to take a
59:41powder that wasn't red, because the
59:43factory doesn't make red powder. The
59:46factory, the company, the responsible
59:50companies, they didn't make red pigment
59:53. They had gingiva colors that weren't
59:56red. And then when I want a redder
59:59color,
1:00:00>> putting it together,
1:00:01>> I'll look for a parallel.
1:00:02>> Uh-huh. So you find someone on the
1:00:05market selling a little pigment you mix
1:00:07in that's red. Oh, but isn't that
1:00:08dangerous, isn't it toxic? Yeah, but
1:00:10not just a little bit. The company
1:00:13won't do it.
1:00:14>> Uh-huh.
1:00:15>> And today we have a material that isn't
1:00:17toxic, it's red, and we can cover a
1:00:20very thin zirconia structure. Cool.
1:00:24>> So it's a new thing, which is the Maxer
1:00:26Art.
1:00:27>> Nice. Was there any other question?
1:00:29There's another question here, but I
1:00:31don't remember if someone asked
1:00:32something else. Let me see. Yeah, it
1:00:34was that really. Eh, Levi asked to talk
1:00:39a bit about resin with ceramic filler
1:00:44and more aimed at CAD, the Ivoclar CAD
1:00:49resin. I believe that's it.
1:00:52>> Yeah, Ivoclar has a resin of...
1:00:55>> Do they sell it here in Brazil,
1:00:56>> or not?
1:00:56>> Ah, I see. We have, we had a milling
1:00:59machine, a, a printer, and we have
1:01:02three types of resin, which is a resin
1:01:04for temporaries, a resin for models,
1:01:07and a resin for bite splints.
1:01:09>> So, these resins exist
1:01:11>> and from Ivoclar itself, from the
1:01:13Ivoclar printer, which we don't bring
1:01:15to Brazil. And there is a partnership
1:01:17where Ivoclar manufactures a resin. I
1:01:19don't know what the filler is, I don't
1:01:21know how that works, but it's a
1:01:23partnership, a resin with ceramic
1:01:24filler that...it's a resin, it's more
1:01:29resistant than other resins. It has a
1:01:32ceramic filler, but we don't, but
1:01:34Ivoclar Brazil doesn't market it.
1:01:36>> Got it.
1:01:39>> But it, but it exists, it exists. I
1:01:41think it's a trend, okay? I think a
1:01:43material future, a future material of
1:01:45today, we have the milling machines,
1:01:48the milling machines cut, we have the
1:01:50zirconia discs, and it's a market
1:01:53reality today. Today is...
1:01:54>> Today the market lives on zirconia, the
1:01:58transition, why?
1:01:59>> Because zirconia is more practical. You
1:02:01design it in CAD, put it in CAM, throw
1:02:03it in the milling machine, the little
1:02:04tooth comes out ready, you set it to
1:02:05sinter at night, the next day you have
1:02:07the tooth ready.
1:02:08>> And it mills fast too, right?
1:02:09>> It mills faster, wears out fewer burs.
1:02:13The milling machine motor is just fine
1:02:15running that. Today we have, we have
1:02:18within Ivoclar, we work with three
1:02:20milling machines. There's the Dry,
1:02:22which is a dry milling machine, it only
1:02:24mills zirconia, PMMA, and...
1:02:29glass-ceramic.
1:02:30>> Uh-huh.
1:02:31>> Zirconia, resin, which I can mill on
1:02:33the Dry. I have the PM7, which is a
1:02:37large milling machine with great
1:02:40potential for use, it has disk-changing
1:02:43, uh, holder-changing, the magazine for
1:02:46changing, for changing holders, right?
1:02:50There are so many names, so many names,
1:02:52right?
1:02:53>> You put the holders inside and it grabs
1:02:55them. There are eight, eight, eight
1:02:57functions. And we also have a milling
1:03:02machine that is very similar to the PM7
1:03:04, which is the PM3, which also does the
1:03:06same function, only it doesn't have the
1:03:08changes, you have to change them
1:03:10yourself.
1:03:12>> Uh-huh.
1:03:12>> I never get into the merits of that
1:03:14because there are a lot of milling
1:03:15machines on the market and there will
1:03:17always be someone who says:" Oh, but
1:03:18mine has 25 holders, "you know?
1:03:20That’s fine, congratulations. But I
1:03:23have, but I have a lot of confidence in
1:03:25what Ivoclar puts on the market. I have
1:03:28a lot of confidence in the materials
1:03:30they work with, both supplies and
1:03:32equipment. I mean, we have a, today we
1:03:36have a service center in Brazil that
1:03:39serves the entire Americas, from the
1:03:41United States to the end of Argentina.
1:03:45We serve the entire Americas here in
1:03:47Brazil, where people call, you dial an
1:03:50800 number, someone will answer and
1:03:53will give you quick support. The idea
1:03:56is to give you quick support for the
1:03:58equipment, for the material you have.
1:04:00The Academy provides the courses,
1:04:02Customer Care handles customer service,
1:04:04the salespeople are on the front lines,
1:04:07the salespeople are on the street
1:04:09almost 24 hours a day practically. You
1:04:11might say:" Ah, not 24 hours, but 24
1:04:13hours, depending on the time you call
1:04:14the salesperson, they answer you. "
1:04:16Those guys are crazy, because they work
1:04:19and they work a lot, okay? It’s like,
1:04:23wow, no, they work, they work a lot and
1:04:26customer care answers at any time as
1:04:29well. If someone is going to assist you
1:04:33in Portuguese, hey, the guy might be
1:04:34somewhere else, but he will assist you
1:04:36in Portuguese. If you call during
1:04:38business hours, they will assist you
1:04:39here in Brazil.
1:04:41>> Cool. And but this I I saw that Ivoclar
1:04:45has a CAD resin, do they sell it in
1:04:47Brazil or not?
1:04:49>> Milled resin.
1:04:50>> Milled, yes. Yes, we have, we have
1:04:53resin blocks and disks. Then I have the
1:04:56Evolution disk, which is the tooth disk
1:04:58, it has dentin and incisal in the disk
1:05:00. I can mill that disk and mill a
1:05:02temporary or mill teeth for complete
1:05:05dentures. I have gingiva discs. I mill
1:05:08the gingiva and then I mill the teeth
1:05:10and bond those teeth to the gingiva.
1:05:12And I have a disc that is already tooth
1:05:15and gingiva in the same disc.
1:05:18>> I see.
1:05:18>> Which is a large disc about this size,
1:05:20look. A big one about this size. Half
1:05:23of it is tooth, half of it is gingiva.
1:05:26And when you mill it, this technology
1:05:28is incredible, it's very cool. When you
1:05:31set it to mill, you design the complete
1:05:33denture on the screen. You designed it
1:05:36there; Ivoclar has a tradition in
1:05:37complete dentures of over 100 years,
1:05:39okay? Ivoclar started by making teeth
1:05:41for complete dentures.
1:05:43>> Uh-huh.
1:05:43>> 103 years ago. It’s an old tradition
1:05:46of complete dentures, with a lot of
1:05:48evolution in complete dentures. So you
1:05:51have that disc there, it’s the
1:05:52greatest evolution they’ve made, that
1:05:54the disc has gingiva resin and tooth
1:05:56resin. The tooth resin has a higher
1:06:00hardness. When it mills both, you
1:06:03design everything in the software
1:06:05around the zenith.
1:06:07>> Yes.
1:06:07>> Cervical. And it mills the tooth and
1:06:11the gingiva with the contour.
1:06:14>> Wow.
1:06:14>> Then you say:" But wait, it's one on
1:06:16top of the other. "How does it do that?
1:06:18Inside the gingiva? It has a shape like
1:06:21a shell, those things they call all
1:06:23wavy like this, see.
1:06:25>> And you go into the design, you fit
1:06:27your tooth in the right position where
1:06:29the zenith will provide
1:06:31>> the contour. And then the milling
1:06:33machine cuts perfectly right there a
1:06:35complete denture with the teeth and...
1:06:36>> ready.
1:06:38>> Practically. Practically ready, it just
1:06:40doesn't come out polished.
1:06:41>> Yes. Uh-huh.
1:06:42>> Then you have to polish it. There are
1:06:46technicians who say, there are dentists
1:06:48who say:" Oh, but I like to improve the
1:06:49quality, I like to characterize the
1:06:51gingiva. "I like to do that, but it
1:06:53comes out ready. It comes out ready. If
1:06:56you just polish it, it goes into the
1:06:57mouth. We have cases of patients and
1:07:02several cases done directly milled,
1:07:04polished, and into the mouth at the
1:07:06chair.
1:07:09>> And that in hours, right? It mills in
1:07:11an hour and a half.
1:07:13>> It mills a complete denture in an hour
1:07:14and a half. It’s an interesting thing
1:07:15, man.
1:07:16>> Wow. And we have other materials for
1:07:18injection molding, denture injection,
1:07:21which is also an injection, a
1:07:23high-impact resin, which is the IvoBase
1:07:26. You see how the range of materials is
1:07:30huge, the range of innovation, of
1:07:32material evolution is huge. We evolved
1:07:36with resin, we evolved with full
1:07:39dentures, we evolved with milling, we
1:07:42evolved with injection, we evolved our
1:07:46range with zirconia, and all materials
1:07:49marketed by Ivoclar are researched and
1:07:52developed within Ivoclar.
1:07:56>> These are not materials that someone
1:07:58else thought of for us; they were
1:08:00conceived in-house. It’s an
1:08:03incredible evolution, man. Right? Rafa
1:08:05is asking us to talk a little more
1:08:08about resins and 3D printing. My
1:08:13knowledge on this subject is that the
1:08:16printer still needs to evolve a lot for
1:08:18the materials to evolve. And the way we
1:08:23print resins today, the printer itself
1:08:26doesn't yet allow the material to be
1:08:29stronger, have more filler, or be a
1:08:31better material. So, I think there
1:08:35still needs to be a very giant
1:08:37evolution of the printer itself for
1:08:39this material to have any possibility
1:08:42of evolving, because the material
1:08:44currently depends, the resin, the print
1:08:46, it depends today on the printer. Yeah
1:08:49,
1:08:49>> so there’s no way it can evolve if
1:08:51the printer doesn’t evolve.
1:08:52>> And another thing, even though resin
1:08:55will probably evolve.
1:08:56>> It will, for sure.
1:08:58>> I have no doubt.
1:08:59>> Period.
1:09:00>> I have no doubt that printing in
1:09:02general will evolve.
1:09:03>> It will,
1:09:04>> okay? Milling is very good, the quality
1:09:08of zirconia is very good, the quality
1:09:10of burs, the quality of equipment, the
1:09:12equipment works, the ceramic works, and
1:09:14I think printing will evolve, but I
1:09:16think it’s in the future.
1:09:19>> Yeah. Today I see printing as a great
1:09:21possibility for making a temporary.
1:09:24>> Yes,
1:09:26>> sorry to those who use printing for
1:09:29final work. Oh, no, but I, I don't know
1:09:33." Resin X technology is very good and
1:09:36we make finished teeth, "blah blah.
1:09:41>> The material doesn't have enough filler
1:09:42for that.
1:09:43>> It doesn't convince me. I’ll be very
1:09:44honest with you. It doesn't—it still
1:09:46doesn't convince me, okay? I, I am
1:09:48ceramic. I am ceramic. I am 100%ceramic
1:09:52. So when a guy tells me that, there
1:09:55isn't a resin with a filler that you're
1:09:56going to polish, you're going to do
1:09:58makeup on the gingiva, on the, on the
1:10:00resin. Yeah.
1:10:03>> And when you cement it, it looks
1:10:05beautiful. When you make it, because
1:10:08resin usually looks pretty.
1:10:09>> Yes.
1:10:10>> Resin has homogeneity, it has depth,
1:10:12it’s polished, cute, it looks
1:10:13beautiful. When you put it in the
1:10:15patient's mouth, it looks beautiful.
1:10:17The problem is the aftermath. You see
1:10:21beautiful printing jobs, but the
1:10:24problem is
1:10:26>> time, right?
1:10:27>> Time. Time will cause discoloration,
1:10:32surface abrasion, and a loss of
1:10:36occlusal volume. The answer I always
1:10:42get is, well, it's fine, the patient
1:10:43just comes back to the office, you
1:10:45already have their file, just mill it
1:10:47again. The world doesn't work like that
1:10:50, does it? The world doesn't work that
1:10:51way.
1:10:52>> Do you want to treat the grandchildren
1:10:53of your current patients?
1:10:55>> No.
1:10:55>> Then treat today's patients well. Do
1:10:59you understand? How many years do you
1:11:01intend to work in dentistry? About 30
1:11:04years? You still have about 30, 40
1:11:06years of dentistry ahead of you. Great.
1:11:10Your patients today will have children
1:11:12and grandchildren, and you want them to
1:11:14refer you, so treat them well, man.
1:11:16>> Exactly.
1:11:18>> You're going to place a piece that
1:11:19you'll have to replace in a year.
1:11:20>> No, it makes no sense.
1:11:21>> Three months from now, the guy paid you
1:11:23today just to come back in three months
1:11:25because, well, it came off, broke, or
1:11:27fractured. For that, we have zirconia,
1:11:30we have ceramic, we have pressed
1:11:32ceramic, we have injected ceramic,
1:11:34right? Yeah, there's injected ceramic,
1:11:38I have milled ceramic, I have milled
1:11:40zirconia, I have stained or layered
1:11:43zirconia, I have a series of ceramics
1:11:46to do different work.
1:11:47>> Yes. And it's very accessible today,
1:11:49right?
1:11:49>> Yeah, yeah, people will always say that
1:11:51, man. Oh, man, there are patients who
1:11:54can't afford it. Find a way. Yeah, yeah
1:11:59, talk to them. Like you said, it's
1:12:02more accessible, split the payment, I
1:12:03don't know, do one, do a
1:12:07>> Yeah, it's, it's expensive. I agree
1:12:08it's expensive. It is expensive for a
1:12:11patient to have a mouth with 10, 15
1:12:13ceramic elements. Yeah, it's not, it's
1:12:15not a cheap thing.
1:12:16>> Yeah,
1:12:17>> you know? Oh, man, let's do 10 ceramic
1:12:19elements. It's not cheap. 10 ceramic
1:12:22elements cost, I don't know, let's
1:12:24guess 20,000, 30,000 reais, whatever. I
1:12:26have no idea, no, I don't set prices
1:12:28for that, I won't put a price on
1:12:30anyone's work. But, man, my patient,
1:12:32the patients can't afford that. Oh,
1:12:36then it's fine. Let's do 10 resin
1:12:38veneers.
1:12:39>> No,
1:12:40>> because they can't afford 10 ceramic
1:12:42veneers. Let's put in 10 resin veneers.
1:12:44>> Better not to.
1:12:46>> Do you understand? Talk to the patient,
1:12:49tell them if you do 10 resin veneers,
1:12:51this will happen over time. Today you
1:12:53don't need resin veneers. You would
1:12:55need to do ceramic veneers. So, is it
1:12:57your dream to do this? Let's let's wait
1:13:01a little bit, let's do it. Or else, oh,
1:13:03the patient agrees, they want to do the
1:13:0510, they know that in about six months
1:13:07they'll have to change them. Alright,
1:13:10it's negotiable. But dentistry is
1:13:13health. Dentistry is not
1:13:17>> uh cosmetics where you simply dye your
1:13:20hair blonde and then a month, three, or
1:13:22four months later you don't like it and
1:13:24you dye your hair black.
1:13:28>> No, things don't work like that. You
1:13:29don't put in 10 veneers, you don't wear
1:13:31down a person's teeth, put 10 veneers
1:13:32in their mouth just to have to replace
1:13:34them three months later.
1:13:35>> No, that doesn't exist. So I think that
1:13:37, as a temporary material, sometimes
1:13:39it's interesting, very interesting, but
1:13:41as a definitive one, it's also
1:13:43practical. And practical, imagine,
1:13:45you're in the office, you have your
1:13:47scanner, you scanned the patient's
1:13:48mouth, you designed it in CAD quickly,
1:13:50shaped the tooth, CAD it there, it
1:13:51looked good on the screen, and you send
1:13:53it to print quickly. You have a
1:13:55temporary in your hand right there,
1:13:57finish it, it goes into the patient's
1:13:58mouth, temporary, got it? Sometimes
1:14:01even definitive, if the patient doesn't
1:14:03have the money or if it's a guy's
1:14:05treatment, some, I don't know, cheaper
1:14:07treatment, a possibility for a cheaper
1:14:09treatment, but they are aware that it
1:14:10needs to be replaced soon.
1:14:13>> Yeah, at some point and
1:14:16>> there still there isn't a high-power,
1:14:19high-capacity resin, it just doesn't
1:14:21exist.
1:14:23>> I think there is still nothing like
1:14:25IMEX silicate. To tell you the truth, I
1:14:28am a declared fan of the system and I
1:14:31think there still isn't a material like
1:14:34IMEX,
1:14:35>> is there? That's why there still
1:14:36>> doesn't exist. It is the material that
1:14:38takes the most abuse on the market. You
1:14:39can brush it, paint it, stain it, acid
1:14:41etch it, mill it, inject it, you can do
1:14:43whatever you want.
1:14:44>> And to this day it is the most used
1:14:46material. Yes.
1:14:47>> It's
1:14:48>> even if it's not, for example, IMEX,
1:14:50which is from Ivoclar, but all other
1:14:53brands use silicates. That's, that's,
1:14:56that's also another point, okay? Today
1:15:00we talk, I usually always say this and,
1:15:02sometimes many people say:" Oh, you say
1:15:05that because of Ivoclar. "Ivoclar's IPS
1:15:07e.max is much more expensive than IPS
1:15:09e.max from other brands. I found it
1:15:11very funny when a guy said that to me.
1:15:12Ivoclar's IPS e.max is more expensive
1:15:13than IPS e.max from other brands.
1:15:15That's because they aren't IPS e.max,
1:15:16right?
1:15:16>> No, they aren't IPS e.max.
1:15:17>> So, geez, Ivoclar's IPS e.max is better
1:15:19. It is better. It is better.
1:15:21>> They were the ones, they were the ones
1:15:22who developed it, right?
1:15:23>> They developed the material. It is
1:15:24better. I can take an IPS e.max
1:15:26developed 10 years ago, take today's
1:15:28IPS e.max, take the same piece and mill
1:15:31two different blocks, they will give
1:15:33you the same color and the same quality
1:15:35control, the same material quality,
1:15:37without porosity. You do a microscopy
1:15:40of a block of, of dubious origin and do
1:15:42a microscopy of it and you will see,
1:15:44you will see the result in comparison
1:15:47with IPS e.max. You do a microscopy
1:15:50comparison, man,
1:15:52>> it's different, man. Those who produce,
1:15:57those who created it have much more
1:15:59experience with the material, it was
1:16:00studied to be that way. So
1:16:02>> people say:" Wow, but the cost of IPS
1:16:04e.max is very high. IPS e.max is higher
1:16:07on the market, such and such. "Okay,
1:16:09but IPS e.max gives you something you
1:16:12don't have with other materials. I have
1:16:16training, I have cements that were
1:16:18developed for it, I have a milling
1:16:20machine, I have people to assist you, I
1:16:23have customer care that answers 24
1:16:25hours a day. If you call customer care
1:16:28at any time on the Ivoclar toll-free
1:16:30number, at any time. No, every time I
1:16:32needed to get in touch,
1:16:33>> someone will answer you.
1:16:34>> Ivoclar was very fast.
1:16:36>> Ivoclar is a company that
1:16:37>> it even scares me
1:16:38>> how open it is to customers. Because,
1:16:41like, if you call Ivoclar, you have the
1:16:43Ivoclar phone number in any catalog or
1:16:45website or anything. If you call
1:16:46Ivoclar and say:" I'm having a problem
1:16:47like this, this, this, this, this. "
1:16:49Someone will answer you. It might not
1:16:50be a technician, it might not be a
1:16:51salesperson, you might find a
1:16:52salesperson to visit you. Everywhere
1:16:54there is a salesperson who visits. If
1:16:57you talk to them, someone will get in
1:16:59touch with you. It could be a dentist,
1:17:01it could be a sales supervisor, it
1:17:02could be someone who will look for the
1:17:04problem. And I tell everyone, Ivoclar
1:17:07does not run away from problems. What
1:17:10happens a lot is that sometimes we
1:17:12don't even know the problem exists.
1:17:14>> Uh-huh.
1:17:16>> Because we have a bad habit, right, in
1:17:18Brazil, we have this habit of having a
1:17:20problem and calling a friend, right?
1:17:23Yeah.
1:17:24>> You have a problem, the first thing you
1:17:25do is call a friend,
1:17:26>> you complain to everyone, but you don't
1:17:27tell the company.
1:17:28>> They don't tell the company. The
1:17:30company doesn't know, how am I going to
1:17:31solve a problem if I don't know about
1:17:32it? And we have a call center that's
1:17:35open 24 hours, man. We have sales reps
1:17:37who visit our customers. We have people
1:17:40, we have a training center that has
1:17:42tons of courses on everything. If
1:17:47you're in college, hey, I have 10
1:17:48friends, we want training on such and
1:17:49such material, we'll do it. But people
1:17:53don't know, or they don't go, or they
1:17:54don't look for it.
1:17:56>> And we have training every week,
1:17:57there's a course.
1:17:59>> That's very important, teaching how to
1:18:01use the material, right?
1:18:03>> So you're not just buying a little
1:18:05block, you're buying a universe, you
1:18:07see? It's not just one thing, you have
1:18:09a universe of people involved in this.
1:18:13It's not just a material, besides being
1:18:15a quality material, because not
1:18:17everything blue is e.max, right? They
1:18:20try to tie in this idea.
1:18:24>> There are materials that have much less
1:18:26silicate in their composition than
1:18:28e.max does. And the silicate crystal
1:18:31amount is lower, there's a much higher
1:18:33amount of glass, there are more of
1:18:34other components that aren't silicate.
1:18:37There's material that changes color,
1:18:38there's material that has porosity,
1:18:41>> but they push the idea that everything
1:18:42is e.max.
1:18:43>> Yeah.
1:18:44>> And we're left, ah, e.max is expensive,
1:18:47right? Yeah, but I'm certain about what
1:18:49you're receiving. I'm certain of the
1:18:52quality you will receive. And I have,
1:18:54e.max is the only material that has a
1:18:56warranty and few people know that too.
1:18:59Whether it's Press, CAD, or Zirconia,
1:19:03you have a 10-year warranty.
1:19:06>> Any problem
1:19:07>> past 10 years as well. What happens,
1:19:11which I always say in the courses,
1:19:13people say:" Ah, but to get the
1:19:14warranty is too bureaucratic. "The
1:19:18problem is that, the warranty asks for
1:19:20some documentation. You need to know
1:19:24the lot number, right? You need to
1:19:27inform me what you used, what year you
1:19:28did the e.max. Ah, I don't remember.
1:19:30How am I supposed to help you? Do you
1:19:32have a photo of the work? Do you have
1:19:33an X-ray of the work?
1:19:35>> Do you have an X-ray of the preparation
1:19:36? Do you have an X-ray of the adapted
1:19:37piece? Do you have, do you have the
1:19:40records, the batch? People don't have
1:19:42them. But if you plan to do that from
1:19:44now on, you can.
1:19:47>> Yes, for sure.
1:19:48>> And if some kind of problem occurs and
1:19:50it's within the indications, people say
1:19:52:" Oh, my e.max broke. "What did you do
1:19:54with e.max?" Oh, I made a full crown
1:19:56piece with 0.4 mm. "0.4 mm is not for a
1:19:59full crown. A full crown needs to be 1
1:20:01mm thick.
1:20:02>> Yeah.
1:20:03>> And when we talk about 1 mm, it's 1 mm
1:20:05over the entire crown.
1:20:06>> Uh-huh.
1:20:07>> The main groove to the preparation has
1:20:10to be 1 mm, right? from the cusp tip,
1:20:13you know? And people will be able to do
1:20:15it. And
1:20:16>> that's what happens most often, right?
1:20:18Short prep, try to make it work, just
1:20:20send it out.
1:20:21>> Invasive. Very minimally invasive,
1:20:23right?
1:20:23>> Yes, exactly. Maybe too much. Rafa said
1:20:27he wouldn't trade e.max for any other
1:20:29disilicate. It's because you have
1:20:34predictability. Predictability in in
1:20:39the work, for example, for someone who
1:20:41works seriously, who works correctly.
1:20:44Ah, that's what I hear the most." Ah,
1:20:47e.max is expensive. "" e.max is
1:20:48expensive. "Man, e.max is expensive.
1:20:50e.max costs around R $ 500, if I'm not
1:20:52mistaken, for a box. Look, I I won't
1:20:53talk about prices because I don't
1:20:54remember off the top of my head. I
1:20:55might say something silly, but it's
1:20:57more or less that. How much does a
1:20:59tooth cost on average?
1:21:02>> Today, the cheapest laboratory
1:21:06>> no. Dental office.
1:21:07>> Dental office, more than 2,200.
1:21:11>> You bought five blocks." Ah, e.max is
1:21:15expensive. "Yeah, but I have the
1:21:17predictability that those five blocks
1:21:19will come out the right shade, will
1:21:20give me results, a standard, will give
1:21:22me strength. The strength that was
1:21:24promised, I talk about it and then I
1:21:27show it, and it delivers results. And
1:21:29people don't switch. Why? Because it
1:21:32has quality, it has bonding power, it
1:21:34has color quality, it has consistent
1:21:36translucency. You you bought an MT
1:21:40block, you'll get an MT crown, you
1:21:42bought an HT block and so on. I hear a
1:21:46lot of people say:" Oh, the block from
1:21:49X, I won't mention any names, but oh,
1:21:52this brand's block, is their LT the
1:21:54same as Ivoclar's MT? "It's because
1:21:57it's not MT.
1:22:00>> It's, it's simple, right?
1:22:01>> It's that simple. The Levi is asking
1:22:07for the professor to talk a bit, if
1:22:10possible, about IPS Style.
1:22:14>> Style, it was, it is metal-ceramic.
1:22:15Where is Levi from?
1:22:16>> I don't know
1:22:17>> where he's from. Where is he from?
1:22:19Because I've known a Levi for many
1:22:20years, maybe it's him.
1:22:21>> Levi...Levi, send in the chat where
1:22:23you're from. But send us a bit of your
1:22:26information there.
1:22:28>> The oxy, Style, it is a a is a is a
1:22:37metal-ceramic that was created by
1:22:39Ivoclar for metal-ceramic. Obviously,
1:22:43the metal-ceramic material that they
1:22:45changed the composition of the
1:22:47metal-ceramic.
1:22:48>> I see.
1:22:48>> They created a material within the
1:22:51metal-ceramic mixture called oxyapatite
1:22:54. which is the, the metal-ceramics are
1:22:58feldspathic. At Ivoclar, we had
1:23:02feldspathic metal-ceramic, fluorapatite
1:23:06metal-ceramic, and...And then Style was
1:23:09created, which is a fluorapatite
1:23:12metal-ceramic with oxyapatite
1:23:14reinforced with leucite.
1:23:18>> I see.
1:23:18>> What is oxyapatite? It's a material
1:23:20that reflects light. So, it has the
1:23:24power to receive light. Light enters
1:23:27the metal-ceramic and it has the power
1:23:30to reflect light. With this, everything
1:23:33that reflects is more opaque or
1:23:35brighter.
1:23:36>> Uh-huh.
1:23:38>> With this, Style ended up being a
1:23:40ceramic that was more opaque. And many
1:23:43people," oh, I didn't like using it
1:23:44because it became opaque. "It became
1:23:46opaque because it has oxyapatite which
1:23:48reflects more light than normal. It's a
1:23:50good ceramic to work with. I like
1:23:52working with it, but it has, it, it is
1:23:53more opaque than normal. If you take
1:23:55Inline, which is the other
1:23:57metal-ceramic we work with, it has much
1:23:58more light absorption. So it doesn't
1:24:00reflect as much and isn't as opaque,
1:24:02however it has a lower, lower value
1:24:04than
1:24:06>> than Style. Style has a higher value,
1:24:09so you need to mix in a translucent
1:24:11material to give it a finish. You can
1:24:14do a finish with transpa clear, for
1:24:16example, which will lower the value and
1:24:18bring it to a balance of value and
1:24:20color that will give you a very, very
1:24:22cool result.
1:24:23>> I see. Oh, he said here, Levi is from
1:24:26Fortaleza. Ah, Fortaleza.
1:24:28>> It is him.
1:24:29>> It is him. Fortaleza is my home. Ceará
1:24:31. I miss the green beans.
1:24:34>> Hugs.
1:24:36>> A hug to you, Levi. Uh, within Zirconia
1:24:45, now talking a little bit about
1:24:47Zirconia, uh, does Ivoclar have any
1:24:53project they can tell us about here, uh
1:24:56, regarding Zirconia adhesion or
1:24:58something of the sort? They have
1:25:02material for Zirconia adhesion that we,
1:25:05that already exists. Uh-huh.
1:25:09>> And we talk about the material,
1:25:10sometimes we talk about some materials,
1:25:12people say:" Oh, but there's that other
1:25:13one, that's nonsense. "And in fact, all
1:25:16of this is very, very studied. Things
1:25:18are not created randomly by Ivoclar,
1:25:21>> it was studied. We have a material
1:25:24today for Zirconia which is Ivoclean.
1:25:27Yes, I know it.
1:25:28>> That you apply Ivoclean inside the
1:25:33Zirconia to remove saliva particles and
1:25:36it, it literally dries the Zirconia to
1:25:38receive the silane, which is Monobond.
1:25:42>> Uh-huh.
1:25:42>> When you, you shake the silane, you
1:25:44manipulate it, right? You scrub it on
1:25:47the, on the piece and let it react for
1:25:49four, if I'm not mistaken, it's 4
1:25:51minutes. I don't know, I don't, I don't
1:25:53do cementation. Don't demand too much
1:25:55from me on this, on this part, but it's
1:25:57more or less like that. You scrub it
1:25:59for three, for a time and let it react
1:26:02for, for some, I think it's, I don't
1:26:04know if it's 60 seconds. It's 60
1:26:07seconds. Yeah, there, I have, I have my
1:26:09assistant hidden back there, I'm, 60
1:26:10seconds. You let it react, the silane,
1:26:13and then you do the whole cementation
1:26:16process. This gives you the best way to
1:26:20create adhesion on Zirconia. Before you
1:26:22do Ivoclean, you will sandblast the
1:26:25ceramic with two bar of pressure.
1:26:27Uh-huh.
1:26:28>> So, an aluminum oxide blast, two bar of
1:26:31pressure, try in the mouth, Ivoclean,
1:26:34clean the internal surface of the
1:26:37ceramic, Monobond and then the adhesive
1:26:40part, cementation, etc. That there
1:26:42greatly improves the quality of
1:26:45adhesion of the Zirconia. The quality,
1:26:50it increases the quality of Zirconia
1:26:52adhesion. Zirconia is not a product for
1:26:54you to make very tapered preparations.
1:26:57>> That's right.
1:26:58>> It is not a disilicate.
1:26:59>> Yeah, it's not
1:27:00>> the disilicate. Yes, the disilicate. I
1:27:02give it 20 seconds of acid and I have
1:27:03the best adhesion on the market. Not
1:27:07Zirconia. For Zirconia, very tapered
1:27:10preparations are not recommended. If
1:27:12you have more parallel walls, you will
1:27:14have a better cementation result. If
1:27:16you have a proper cleaning with
1:27:18Ivoclean, and you do the right
1:27:19treatment with Monobond, and we have
1:27:21courses for that, we provide training
1:27:23for that, we have the sales reps, man,
1:27:25I have sales reps who understand more
1:27:27about cementation than a lot of people.
1:27:30Sales reps who are out on the street,
1:27:32who visit, who knock on office doors. I
1:27:34tell everyone, when a guy comes to
1:27:36visit you at the office, open the door
1:27:37for him, man. See the guy, ask if he
1:27:39wants some water,
1:27:40>> a coffee. You need to be very smart,
1:27:43you know? Because they have information
1:27:46, they are trained. We provide training
1:27:48to the sales reps very frequently.
1:27:50Every month there's something at the
1:27:52Academy. We from the Academy, I I I am
1:27:54part of the Academy. We from the
1:27:57Academy, we conduct training every two
1:27:59months with the sales team, each time
1:28:01with a different topic, so the guys are
1:28:03always updated, always informed. Any
1:28:06company innovation, they are updated,
1:28:08they know a lot about materials. And
1:28:11sometimes people see them only as a
1:28:13salesperson. And in fact, it's not just
1:28:15that, they are more than that. They are
1:28:17guys who are practically consultants.
1:28:20They understand a lot about the
1:28:21material. They might understand other
1:28:23materials. They may not know other
1:28:24materials, but the material they are
1:28:26selling, they know everything about it.
1:28:29And if you have a question, ask the guy
1:28:30. If he doesn't know how to answer, he
1:28:32will know who does. He will look for
1:28:33someone who knows.
1:28:34>> Yes.
1:28:34>> And that's it. And now, future
1:28:37cementation material, IDS. Maybe at IDS
1:28:42they will have something new, some some
1:28:44innovation, some new material for this,
1:28:46but until then we don't have anything.
1:28:49>> We see a trend in laboratory studies,
1:28:51right, of trying to impregnate zirconia
1:28:53with some ceramic material, something
1:28:55of the sort there. But the results, at
1:29:00least for adhesion, sandblasting is
1:29:03still more effective. So I believe that
1:29:06>> Ivoclar conducted a study on this too,
1:29:09about these some materials that are
1:29:11applied. There's liquid silicate, fluid
1:29:13silicate, silicate powder, there's a
1:29:15bunch of a series of names that the
1:29:16guys have there
1:29:18>> to to adhere to zirconia and that will
1:29:22give you better adhesion. If you do
1:29:27sandblasting with two bars of pressure,
1:29:29do that cleaning with Ivoclean, and use
1:29:31Monobond, you will have the same result
1:29:34>> and you will have less work.
1:29:35>> Yes.
1:29:36>> Got it? And it will work. That's it,
1:29:38that thing there works.
1:29:40>> Yeah, the important thing is to
1:29:41understand what the professor said,
1:29:42right? You have to adapt your prep to
1:29:44the material you're working with.
1:29:46>> Exactly.
1:29:47>> Oh, the prep isn't right, so change
1:29:49either the prep or the material.
1:29:51>> Exactly. So that, that, that is the
1:29:53most important thing.
1:29:54>> That's it exactly. And today it’s
1:29:57just, it’s just a, it's a craze for
1:30:01zirconia, right, man, making zirconia
1:30:03pieces and all. Why? Precisely because
1:30:06zirconia is a more practical material
1:30:08to work with. A quick material to work
1:30:10with, you mill it fast, it costs little
1:30:11and you have the material right there.
1:30:13>> No, laboratories today are addicted,
1:30:14addicted."
1:30:15>> It costs little "is nice to say, right?
1:30:17But that’s not the reality. The guy
1:30:18buys a milling machine that isn't cheap
1:30:20, he buys zirconia discs that aren't
1:30:22cheap, he has employees, nothing is
1:30:24cheap, right? It's cheap for those
1:30:25looking from the outside, right? They
1:30:26say," Yeah, the guy didn't do anything,
1:30:27just made a little tooth, right? "
1:30:28Things don't work like that. To have a
1:30:31lab today, you spend millions.
1:30:33>> Wow.
1:30:33>> You spend a lot of money to set up a
1:30:35complete lab today, you know? Because
1:30:37it costs, there are costs, there's
1:30:39equipment, there's everything, all of
1:30:40that.
1:30:42>> But laboratories, well, I notice a
1:30:44tendency today to want to work with
1:30:46zirconia. Labs have this preference for
1:30:52working with zirconia, perhaps due to
1:30:54the ease, the speed,
1:30:56>> due to the ease, the price,
1:30:58>> the price, but because of the agility,
1:31:02I can mill 10 teeth in, I don't know, 3
1:31:05hours, let's say, let's put 3, 4 hours
1:31:08there, 3 hours of work and you mill 15
1:31:11teeth on a disc.
1:31:13>> Uh-huh.
1:31:14>> Then you have 15 teeth ready, you put
1:31:16them to sinter, you have 15 teeth, 15
1:31:17jobs. Then you say," Man, do I have to
1:31:19wait 3 hours? "No, you're working on
1:31:21the 15 you did yesterday, you
1:31:24understand? The lab has a cycle.
1:31:26>> Uh-huh.
1:31:26>> They don't just wait for the little
1:31:27tooth to get done, they don't stand in
1:31:28front of it
1:31:30>> waiting,
1:31:30>> waiting for that thing to be ready, you
1:31:32know? They have a cycle, but it's this
1:31:42tendency, I notice in the market this
1:31:45tendency of some labs wanting to work
1:31:47more with zirconia. Eh,
1:31:52>> I think that's it.
1:31:54>> We're done,
1:31:56>> we're done. Does anyone have any
1:31:57questions there? No, I think we covered
1:32:01a lot today. What we talked about is,
1:32:06well, it's an exciting subject, right?
1:32:08Because we talk about reality, we
1:32:10talked about the past.
1:32:12>> Uh-huh.
1:32:13>> About evolution, material quality, the
1:32:17future, I think—I think there is
1:32:20still so much to come.
1:32:23>> For sure.
1:32:23>> There is a lot of material to come, a
1:32:25lot of material quality to appear. And
1:32:27we will have future results where
1:32:30dentistry still tends to grow a lot.
1:32:34CAD/CAM has provided laboratories with
1:32:36a different kind of growth.
1:32:39>> Yes. Like, the small guy wasn't left
1:32:42behind, but the very big guy started
1:32:44outsourcing to this small guy, and he
1:32:46managed to position himself in the
1:32:48market. And sometimes a guy doesn't
1:32:53have a milling machine, he doesn't have
1:32:54—well, I can't afford to buy a
1:32:55milling machine today, but I have
1:32:56laboratories that outsource, and I can
1:32:58position myself in the market as if I
1:32:59had my own machine. Oh, but my profit
1:33:03is lower—of course, you don't have
1:33:04the milling machine, your profit is
1:33:05lower, but you will earn money and you
1:33:06will buy a milling machine. You will
1:33:09reach that level, you will chase after
1:33:11it, and evolution comes—evolution
1:33:12always comes to those who work, right?
1:33:15I know many labs, I know many
1:33:17technicians, many technicians I know,
1:33:19whom I met when they were small, who
1:33:22worked hard, grew, put in the effort,
1:33:25evolved, and today have a very large
1:33:27laboratory.
1:33:29>> Yeah, there's no secret. Evolution
1:33:31comes with work.
1:33:32>> It comes with work.
1:33:35>> Professor, thank you so much for these
1:33:37120 minutes here, which for me went by
1:33:40very quickly. Yeah, I wanted to thank
1:33:45you who are watching us here, and I’m
1:33:48going to ask you not to leave the video
1:33:51just yet. This is very important.
1:33:55Before you leave the video, leave your
1:33:57like, comment on the class, send this
1:34:00video to a technician you know so they
1:34:02can update themselves a bit, so the
1:34:05dentist can also understand the
1:34:07workflow. And leave your comment here.
1:34:14Leave a comment if you liked this class
1:34:17, or any tips for future classes we can
1:34:19cover, okay? It was an immense pleasure
1:34:22to have you here, Professor. Once again
1:34:24, thank you for your presence.
1:34:25>> I appreciate it. I am the one who
1:34:27thanks you for the patience to listen
1:34:29to me for two hours, right? Two hours
1:34:30talking.
1:34:31>> It was very easy.
1:34:32>> It was easy. It was cool. It was nice.
1:34:34>> Yeah, I hope I can come back here other
1:34:36times, okay? The invitation is open.
1:34:37And Ivoclar. I also wanted to thank you
1:34:41for bringing the professor here for us
1:34:43to talk. And that's it. Goodnight to
1:34:47you and until next time. Bye. Bye.

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