POLI ECON SO 1 27/07/26 — Transcript

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1. 0:02So, good day, everybody. Um
2. 0:04this is the reflection or
3. 0:06my first student output in political
4. 0:08economy.
5. 0:10So,
6. 0:11uh
7. 0:12what I have learned in the reading
8. 0:14materials from Dr. Luis Teodoro, The
9. 0:17Political Economy of the Media, A
10. 0:20Critical Perspective by Dr. Luis
11. 0:22Teodoro,
12. 0:23and the Critical Political Economy by
13. 0:27John Hardy.
14. 0:29So, there are a set of questions for
15. 0:31these activities.
16. 0:33One is, what is the difference between
17. 0:35cultural studies
18. 0:37and political economy in studying media?
19. 0:40And number two, what are the three main
20. 0:42concerns of political economy of media?
21. 0:46What does the phrase mean by media is
22. 0:48business?
23. 0:49What is the critical reading of media?
24. 0:53Why is studying the political economy of
25. 0:55the media important or relevant?
26. 0:59For number one, what is the difference
27. 1:01between cultural studies and political
28. 1:04economy in studying media?
29. 1:08The difference between cultural studies
30. 1:10and political economy in studying media
31. 1:13is that cultural studies focus on how
32. 1:17audience interpret media,
33. 1:20and how media shapes culture, identity,
34. 1:24and everyday life.
35. 1:26It examines meanings, representations,
36. 1:30audience experiences.
37. 1:32So, cultural studies focuses on how
38. 1:36media, how audience
39. 1:39interprets media, how they understand,
40. 1:42how they react,
41. 1:45how
42. 1:47they
43. 1:49do it in their everyday life.
44. 1:53Political economy, on the other hand,
45. 1:55studies on who owns and controls the
46. 1:58media. How media organization operate as
47. 2:02businesses and how economic and
48. 2:04political forces influence media
49. 2:07content.
50. 2:08So,
51. 2:10in political economy, some other than
52. 2:12salita,
53. 2:13they are the one who
54. 2:17governs, they are the one who produced,
55. 2:20they are the one who releases
56. 2:24the media.
57. 2:27And
58. 2:28how
59. 2:30does the money involved in media?
60. 2:34For the question number two, what are
61. 2:36the three main concerns of political
62. 2:38economy of media?
63. 2:40There are three main concerns.
64. 2:42Number one is ownership.
65. 2:45Who owns and controls media
66. 2:48organization?
67. 2:49And how ownership affects media content.
68. 2:53For example,
69. 2:54the Philippines, in the in the in the
70. 2:57Philippines,
71. 3:00uh there are major companies, there are
72. 3:02major media companies such as ABS-CBN,
73. 3:06GMA
74. 3:08Network, TV5,
75. 3:11they owned
76. 3:13they are owned by large corporations or
77. 3:16influential business families.
78. 3:18Their ownership structures may influence
79. 3:21editorial priorities and the issues
80. 3:24issues that receive media attention.
81. 3:28They
82. 3:30sometimes can be biased or the one
83. 3:35that they produce
84. 3:36can be biased because
85. 3:39uh of the ownership structures.
86. 3:43Number two,
87. 3:44production.
88. 3:46Production is how media content is
89. 3:48created,
90. 3:49financed, distribution distributed,
91. 3:53and influenced by market forces.
92. 3:56For example,
93. 3:59the Philippine television networks
94. 4:01prioritized entertainment programs,
95. 4:05celebrity news, trending topics.
96. 4:09But marami tayong makikitang ganito. We
97. 4:12see it on our TV, on social media, in
98. 4:17the newspaper, on radio because these
99. 4:20attracts higher ratings.
100. 4:23Higher ratings means higher advertising
101. 4:27revenue, which helps sustains their
102. 4:29operation.
103. 4:31And number three,
104. 4:33power and control.
105. 4:36Power and control is how governments,
106. 4:40corporations, and other
107. 4:41powerful institutions shape media
108. 4:44policies, public opinion, and access to
109. 4:48information.
110. 4:49For example,
111. 4:51in 2020, the non-renewal
112. 4:56franchise of ABS-CBN demonstrated how
113. 5:00government decision can
114. 5:03significantly affect media operations,
115. 5:06public access to information, and press
116. 5:09freedom in the Philippines.
117. 5:11Because of that,
118. 5:14the
119. 5:16government uh put down
120. 5:19because of the
121. 5:22expired franchise of ABS-CBN.
122. 5:25And that affected uh so many people,
123. 5:29so many working people in ABS.
124. 5:34So, the question number three,
125. 5:35what does the phrase media is business
126. 5:37mean?
127. 5:38The phrase media is business means that
128. 5:42media organizations are not
129. 5:45only providers of information and
130. 5:48entertainment. But, they're also the
131. 5:51commercial enterprises that aims
132. 5:55to earn profit.
133. 5:58Because the media companies depend on
134. 6:00advertising,
135. 6:02investment, and audience ratings,
136. 6:04financial influence
137. 6:07financial interests can influence the
138. 6:10type of content they produce and the
139. 6:12issues they prioritize. So, media can
140. 6:17also
141. 6:18be a business.
142. 6:21What is the critical reading of media?
143. 6:24Critical reading of media means
144. 6:27analyzing the media messages beyond
145. 6:30their surface meaning.
146. 6:32Um
147. 6:34analyzing media messages beyond their
148. 6:37surface meaning. It involves questioning
149. 6:39who created the message,
150. 6:42what are their interests, what are their
151. 6:45interests, their perspective
152. 6:48included or excluded,
153. 6:51and how ownership, politics,
154. 6:55economics
155. 6:57may influence the information
156. 7:00being presented.
157. 7:02It also encourages audience to become
158. 7:04informed and independent media
159. 7:07consumers. So,
160. 7:10critical reading of media is
161. 7:15the users or consumers of the media can
162. 7:18be independent or they can be selective
163. 7:21on what they
164. 7:23perceive or what they absorb in the
165. 7:27media.
166. 7:29Why is studying the political economy of
167. 7:31the media important?
168. 7:33Why is studying the political economy of
169. 7:36the media important or relevant?
170. 7:39So, studying political economy of the
171. 7:42media import is important
172. 7:45because
173. 7:46the political economy of the media
174. 7:50helps us understand how ownership,
175. 7:54how economic interests,
176. 7:57and political power influence the
177. 7:59information we receive.
178. 8:02How these big medias, these big
179. 8:05companies, the advertisers
180. 8:11We can know or
181. 8:16We can independently select
182. 8:20what information we receive. We should
183. 8:26recognize their potential biases. We
184. 8:30should understand
185. 8:31why certain issues receive more
186. 8:33attention than others. And
187. 8:37so that we become more critical and
188. 8:39responsive consumers of media.
189. 8:43This knowledge is essential in promoting
190. 8:46media because
191. 8:48of
192. 8:49the media literacy and supporting the
193. 8:53democratic society where citizens can
194. 8:56make informed decisions. So
195. 9:01that's all for our
196. 9:05topic and for our first student output.
197. 9:09Thank you.