وثائقي || أول عاصمة إسلامية في التاريخ .. المدينة المنورة — Transcript

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1. 0:00first capital in the history of Islam and the second. The holiest place for Muslims
2. 0:06It included the first mosque built by the Prophet Muhammad, may God bless him and grant him peace, and included a tomb and
3. 0:13Prophet, located in the historical land of Hejaz, and the Jews inhabited the
4. 0:18Amalekites, the destination of millions annually, and the city of mercy and tranquility is my brother for the
5. 0:25Messenger between the immigrants and the Ansar, and they witnessed the historical battles of the
6. 0:31city ​​of the beloved and the companion of his call to the true religion. The founding of the city goes back
7. 0:39Medina which was known in the past by the name Yathrib to more than
8. 0:44thousand six hundred years before the Prophet's migration. A lot of
9. 0:50disputes . It was inhabited in the past by the Amalekites, and after them came
10. 0:55remained the capital of the state . As the Jews reached it during the century, they
11. 1:00second AD. They settled there for a long time, and it was one of the most prominent of the tribes. The
12. 1:05Judaism lived in it, which were the Banu Quraydah and Banu Nazeer not long after.
13. 1:11The Ma'rib Dam collapsed in Yemen and forced the Arab tribes to force the
14. 1:15to change their location, so several tribes moved to Medina. Among them was
15. 1:21tribe The Aws and Khazraj, which settled in Medina with presence
16. 1:26Jews came and established an alliance between them and agreed to cooperate with the aim of the
17. 1:32protecting the city from invasion This alliance bore fruit as a
18. 1:38committed themselves to it for a long time, during which their numbers increased and their wealth grew in the
19. 1:43well until it turned into two archenemies. And broke out between tribes and races
20. 1:49, after the Jews worked to disperse and knock them out in fear of
21. 1:54from the expansion of their power and influence in the region so that the conflicts between them continued
22. 1:59until the seventh century AD, then Islam appeared in Medina Mecca
23. 2:05, at the hands of the Holy Prophet Muhammad, may God’s prayers and peace be upon him, when he called the
24. 2:11people of the Islamic religion, which angered the Quraish masters who did not and
25. 2:17neglect the harassment of the noble Prophet and work to thwart his call
26. 2:22possible methods, so what was in front of him in the end was the emigration from Mecca
27. 2:27to decide at that time to migrate to Yathrib, or what is known today as Medina, the
28. 2:33that after what with a delegation from the Awas and Khazraj tribes to support and protect him
29. 2:39after their entry into the religion of Islam, so he migrated with those who entered Islam to Yathrib and with him
30. 2:46his friend Abu Bakr Al-Siddiq, and before entering Medina he passed by the tribes performing prayers
31. 2:51and built a mosque in it that was the first mosque in Islam and entered the
32. 2:57Medina on the twelfth of Rabi` al-Awwal in the first Hijri year,
33. 3:01On that day, Medina entered a new history that would make it one of the holiest of
34. 3:07places among the Muslims and gave them a long history that generations can learn
35. 3:13forever, with the arrival of the Prophet to Yathrib, he built the Noble Mosque of the Prophet, which Al-
36. 3:20is considered the nucleus of the new Islamic state at that time, then my brother Ben,
37. 3:25immigrants and the supporters five months after his arrival, so the supporters divided
38. 3:31their money and their homes with the immigrants, they moved to organize relations between the residents of
39. 3:36city ​​and set The first constitution in Islamic history, which was called the
40. 3:41constitution of the city or the newspaper and in it he clarified the obligations of all parties in one
41. 3:47to whether they were partisans, immigrants, or even Jews. Where
42. 3:52text for an alliance of all tribes to confront any invasion of the city. The Jews pledged to
43. 3:58also to preserve their religion and money. And changed its name from Yathrib, a
44. 4:03to become the first Islamic capital in history and the headquarters of the launch of
45. 4:10Islamic invasions launched from Medina all the conquests of the Messenger and was
46. 4:17first of which is the Battle of Badr that occurred on the seventeenth of Ramadan for the
47. 4:21of the Hijra, where the Messenger gathered an army of three hundred and thirteen
48. 4:26a man attacked a convoy of Abu Sufyan bin Harb, who assembled an army of a thousand
49. 4:33a man after hearing the preparation of the Muslims' army, and the battle took place near the wells of
50. 4:38Badr and the Muslims achieved a crushing victory in it despite their small number and in the year
51. 4:44news of emigration. The battle of Uhud, which was initiated by the polytheists, began with the aim of revenge against
52. 4:50defeat Badr, where they went to the city and met with the army of Muslims in exchange for the
53. 4:55Mount Uhud, where the Prophet set up a tight war plan for the fight in which he laid the
54. 5:0150 skilled archers on a high plateau, and despite the superiority of Muslims in
55. 5:06beginning of the battle, but the battle The Islamic conquests during the reign of Uthman bin Affan
56. 5:12and Khaled bin Al-Walid, who was in the line of the polytheists of
57. 5:17circumvent the remaining archers so that the Muslims were surrounded and killed, and
58. 5:22Many at the time, including the uncle of the Prophet Hamzah bin Abdul-Muttalib, as
59. 5:28Medina, the Battle of Bani Nazeer, which took place in Amer for the Hijra. And that is
60. 5:33after treachery The Jews of Banu Nazeer, the Prophet Muhammad. And they tried to assassinate him,
61. 5:38to save the agreement concluded between them. In order for the Muslim army to besiege them,
62. 5:43for several days until they left their fortress. It is the invasion that followed, the
63. 5:48trench. Which was instigated by Banu Peer. Where they agreed with the tribes of
64. 5:53Quraysh, Kinana and Cover. On killing the Prophet and Muslims in Medina. Then the
65. 5:59a number of other tribes joined them until they became more than ten
66. 6:03came to them, and at that time they were called parties, and upon it the Prophet gathered three thousand
67. 6:09fighter and began digging a trench around the city, which took six digging.
68. 6:15Ayyam, and when the parties arrived in the city, they were unable to enter the city, so they besieged it
69. 6:20severe siege, then the Jews of the Banu Quraydah saved the agreement with the Prophet and tried to
70. 6:26parties entering the city, but they failed and after twenty-four to
71. 6:31siege. The parties left the city walls after a wind of thousands of fighters
72. 6:36severely and suffered from standing without progress. Then the Muslims went to the
73. 6:41qiraidah and forced them to surrender so that this would be the invasion of the Banu Quraydah
74. 6:46after eight years of migration, Muslims were able to enter Mecca
75. 6:52pioneers, but the Prophet took the city as his headquarters, despite the conquest of his city,
76. 6:57the remaining capital of the state of the Islamic and remained the Prophet until his death in the
77. 7:03Rabi` al-Awwal in the eleventh year of the Hijra, and he was buried there in the Prophet's Mosque with a
78. 7:10entry into the era of the Rightly Guided Caliphs, Medina lived its brightest eras, where the
79. 7:16Abu Bakr al-Siddiq spent the apostates quickly and opened during the reign of Umar ibn one
80. 7:21discourse in the Levant, Egypt and Persia, and then she was a witness to the
81. 7:25overturned them, as the archers left their place. The Ma'in tribes of Yemen
82. 7:32Islam, until Muawiya bin Abi Sufyan founded the Umayyad state and took
83. 7:37Damascus , the capital of his move so the capital of the Islamic for the first time, despite
84. 7:44that remained for the holy city and the unique position of Muslims
85. 7:49of the Medina several landmarks historic, including an Islamic mosque
86. 7:55Prophet’s year, and it is the second holiest place of worship relative to the mosque after the mosque.
87. 8:00sanctuary in Makkah Al-Mukarramah, which is one of three mosques that travelers would like to visit in
88. 8:06Islam, namely the Grand Mosque in Mecca and the Al-Aqsa Mosque in Jerusalem, the
89. 8:11And the Prophet's Mosque in Medina and the Prophet's Mosque is located in the heart of the city
90. 8:16was erected in the place where the Prophet’s camel blessed when he came to the
91. 8:21Medina was emigrated, the Prophet’s Mosque includes many landmarks from the
92. 8:26most prominent of which was his tomb, may God’s prayers and peace be upon him, which is located under the green dome. It
93. 8:32pulpit of which he said that among him and his grave is a kindergarten from the paradise of paradise, they
94. 8:38was also subjected to development and expansion. Over all those past years a
95. 8:44beginning of the expansion of the Prophet in the seventh year For immigration, through an expansion
96. 8:49Umar ibn al-Khattab, whose area at that time exceeded three thousand five hundred
97. 8:55seventy-five square meters and continued during the Umayyad era, where he ordered the
98. 9:01is located to quickly increase the area of ​​the mosque,
99. 9:05and rebuild, as its area reached six thousand and forty-four hundred and the
100. 9:10square meter, and the number of the doors of the mosque increased during the reign of the Abbasid Caliph
101. 9:15Mahdi, and it became twenty-four doors and the mosque’s area expanded to eight
102. 9:21thousands and eight hundred and ninety square meters. The Prophet’s Mosque
103. 9:26for the fire of six hundred and fifty-four Hijri and that During the reign of the Abbasid Caliph
104. 9:32Mustasim sought to rebuild, but the invasion of Tatars and the fall of Baghdad in a
105. 9:38their hands in the year six hundred and fifty-six AH, prevented this and the process of
106. 9:44restoration In the Mamluk era, the mosque was also exposed to fire once the
107. 9:49again in the year eight hundred and eighty-six of the Hijri, as a result of a thunderbolt
108. 9:55hit the crescent of the southern lighthouse of the mosque and underwent restoration before,
109. 10:00The Mamluk state again, then came the Ottoman expansion that increased the
110. 10:06the mosque’s area and development was not completed in its design, followed by the Saudi expansion in which the
111. 10:12several stages. Of the year one thousand nine hundred and fifty - two
112. 10:16which greatly developed the design, and many of them entered him
113. 10:21modern features such as adaptation and sound equipment in addition to umbrellas And the tops are in the
114. 10:27moving device to reach the total area of ​​the mosque today to ninety-eight
115. 10:32thousand three hundred twenty seven square meters in addition For twenty-three Al-
116. 10:37thousand five hundred square meters of squares, and with the Prophet’s Mosque, they included a
117. 10:42Medina, the Quba Mosque, which is the first mosque built in Islam, and the Umayyad Caliph Al-Walid Ibn Abdul-Malik
118. 10:48south of Medina and away from the Prophet’s Mosque about five kilometers,
119. 10:53and also includes the Qiblatain Mosque, which was named by this name because the Companions prayed the
120. 10:59in it, one prayer to its two qibla. This is because the qiblah was at that time to the
121. 11:05Jerusalem. And when the sign of converting the qibla to the Grand Mosque in
122. 11:09Prophet sent those who reach the Muslims on the outskirts of Medina. Then came the second
123. 11:14worshipers in this mosque as they reach Jerusalem. They turned while they were in
124. 11:19their prayer to the new qiblah witnessed . Among the landmarks of Madinah is also to
125. 11:24Baqi cemetery. It is the main cemetery since the time of the Prophet and from
126. 11:29closest historical places to the Prophet's Mosque, which includes
127. 11:33graves of ten thousand companions buried in it and in Medina there is a cemetery of martyrs
128. 11:39one million . Five kilometers away from the Prophet's Mosque and that is the
129. 11:45near the foot of a mountain one containing the remains of seventy Sahabi died in the Battle of one of them
130. 11:51Hamza, the uncle of the Prophet. Today, the population of Medina is about one
131. 11:56separator of three million people belonging to different tribes and ethnicities, some of whom
132. 12:02people of the city who had resided in it for centuries, and some of them were
133. 12:07from different regions, and large numbers of visitors come to the city annually, the
134. 12:12especially in the month of Ramadan and the Hajj season, and their average number is about
135. 12:19visiting Banu to stay in it for days and weeks near the Holy Mosque of the Prophet, his second tomb
136. 12:25Sharif, in order to live some moments of faith and spirituality in the city of
137. 12:30beloved as he liked many to call her