Module 5 The Tenses - Past, Present, Future - Japanese Sentence Formula - Japanese Accelerator — Transcript

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1. 0:00Kevin here again for module five of the
2. 0:02Ninja Japanese sentence formula in this
3. 0:04module we're going to talk about verb
4. 0:06tenses so without further Ado let's get
5. 0:08started so the first thing to note is
6. 0:11that Japanese verbs that you pull
7. 0:12straight from the dictionary are already
8. 0:14in their future tense a lot of the times
9. 0:17an English will append a will in front
10. 0:19of the verb for example I will uh go to
11. 0:22Japan for example to indicate future
12. 0:25tense but in in Japanese um that's not
13. 0:28uh necessary so let's look an example
14. 0:31and the example we're going to look at
15. 0:33ISU so n is the dictionary form of the
16. 0:37word drink that you'll find in the
17. 0:40dictionary and uh this translates to I
18. 0:43will drink beer to get the verb into its
19. 0:46past tense form for example if you
20. 0:48wanted to say I drank beer instead of I
21. 0:50will drink beer you need to change the
22. 0:52verb into its T form um so in our
23. 0:56example the TP form of nomu drink is
24. 1:02n so the sentence would
25. 1:05become and now you have the past tense
26. 1:08form for the present tense we want to
27. 1:11use the te form of the verb and add the
28. 1:14the
29. 1:15letters to the end of it so for our beer
30. 1:18drinking example our present tense of
31. 1:20the sentence would
32. 1:27be I am drinking beer and and just as a
33. 1:30side note this is all uh casual uh
34. 1:33speech um I'll go over how to use more
35. 1:36polite Japanese and convert between uh
36. 1:38present and past tense a little bit
37. 1:40later but as you can see the key to
38. 1:42understanding past and present tenses is
39. 1:44getting a firm grasp of the te form and
40. 1:47the T form but luckily for us the rules
41. 1:49for changing a verb into its te form and
42. 1:51T form are exactly the same so that
43. 1:53makes our life a lot easier so let's
44. 1:55take a look at that as you might
45. 1:58remember from module 4 there are three
46. 1:59main types of verbs type one two and
47. 2:02three
48. 2:03verbs these types are going to come into
49. 2:05play again for understanding the T form
50. 2:08and top form so if you need a refresher
51. 2:10I would recommend you go back to module
52. 2:124 um to look over that section one more
53. 2:15time before we continue but let's start
54. 2:18with type one verbs um and the key to uh
55. 2:21conjugating type one firms into their te
56. 2:23form and to form is looking at the last
57. 2:26letter or last syllable of the word
58. 2:30type one verbs are definitely the most
59. 2:32difficult to conjugate into their te
60. 2:34form and T form because there are
61. 2:37different rules depending on what that
62. 2:39last letter or syllable is um I'm going
63. 2:41to lay them out for you here but if you
64. 2:44have some problems um or have some
65. 2:46trouble remembering them I recommend
66. 2:48going online and doing a search because
67. 2:49there's a lot of good memory aids out
68. 2:51there I know um there are a few te form
69. 2:54songs out there that various teachers
70. 2:55have made um over the years that are
71. 2:57really great U Memory aids
72. 3:00for understanding or remembering these
73. 3:02rules rather so if the last letter of
74. 3:05the word is either a mu or bu then you
75. 3:09just drop that last letter and change it
76. 3:12to for the T form or for the T form
77. 3:18going back to our previous example with
78. 3:20the verb n uh you can remember that n
79. 3:23the to form was n and our te form was n
80. 3:28so we just dro the mo at the end and we
81. 3:31add the NDA or nde for the T form and T
82. 3:34form
83. 3:35respectively for verbs that end in
84. 3:38either U or t we want to drop those last
85. 3:42letters and just add a t or t for the T
86. 3:46form and T form for verbs that end in c
87. 3:49we want to drop that c and add for the T
88. 3:52form or for the te form similarly for
89. 3:56verbs that end with goo we want to drop
90. 3:58that goo sound and add a e for the T
91. 4:02form or E for the te form and last but
92. 4:05not least for verbs that end in Sue we
93. 4:07want to drop that Su sound and add a for
94. 4:11the T form or sh for the
95. 4:15form so let's put these rules to use in
96. 4:17some examples we've already gone through
97. 4:20one example with nomu so nomu becomes n
98. 4:23and n because it ends with mu so let's
99. 4:26look at another example how about to use
100. 4:29which is
101. 4:31so as you can hear the last letter there
102. 4:33is so we want to use the U rule which is
103. 4:36to drop that sound and then add a t or a
104. 4:40t sound so
105. 4:42becomes for the T form and for the T
106. 4:47form and you might be wondering what
107. 4:48that Double T represents and this is
108. 4:51actually equivalent to a small and a and
109. 4:53a big letter that you might see in Hiag
110. 4:56but essentially what that is it's a
111. 4:58different sound so instead of reading uh
112. 5:00the T form asata
113. 5:03it's so it kind of what it does is it
114. 5:05indicates that you're supposed to hold
115. 5:07on to that last sound and then let it go
116. 5:10at the last minute so an exaggeration
117. 5:12would
118. 5:14be
119. 5:17and so if you can kind of Imagine like
120. 5:19pulling on a rubber band building some
121. 5:21tension and then letting it go that's
122. 5:23kind of what that Double T represents
123. 5:25and you'll see that a lot in Japanese so
124. 5:27uh keep that in in mind so let's look at
125. 5:30another example how about to swim which
126. 5:32is oog oog so if you can hear the last
127. 5:36letter there
128. 5:38is so referring to the previous page if
129. 5:41you have a verb that ends in g you want
130. 5:42to drop the G and add or for the T form
131. 5:47and T form so we have oog becomes o for
132. 5:52the T form
133. 5:54and for the te form so just for good
134. 5:57measure let's look at one more verb and
135. 5:59let's let's look at the verb to drop
136. 6:01like to drop your wallet and drop in
137. 6:03Japanese
138. 6:05is so as you can hear the last letter
139. 6:07there is Su so referring to the previous
140. 6:10page again um if you have a verb that
141. 6:12ends in Su you want to drop the Su and
142. 6:15add a or for the T form and te form so
143. 6:22becomes
144. 6:24and all right so that's kind of the way
145. 6:26to use that chart on that previous page
146. 6:28and I recommend
147. 6:30going to the dictionary finding a few
148. 6:31verbs and trying a few of these out now
149. 6:35let's look at type two verbs as you may
150. 6:36recall from module 4 the key to
151. 6:39conjugating type two verbs was just
152. 6:40dropping the do and luckily for us it's
153. 6:43the same for the tform and T form so all
154. 6:45we need to do is just drop that do at
155. 6:46the end of the word and add a t or a t
156. 6:50so for example to eat Tabu becomes T
157. 6:55and and looking at another example
158. 6:58sleep becomes
159. 7:00n and pretty simple right um type two
160. 7:04verbs are great I mean everybody loves
161. 7:06type two verbs because they're so easy
162. 7:07to conjugate um but I still encourage
163. 7:09you to find a few of these in the
164. 7:11dictionary and try them out on your own
165. 7:14now all we're left with is type three
166. 7:16verbs um and the key to type three verbs
167. 7:19last module was memorization and it's
168. 7:21the same here because there's so few
169. 7:23exceptions that it's just easier to uh
170. 7:26remember them than it is to make a rule
171. 7:28for them so so uh let's look at the
172. 7:30first one do which is sudu the T form
173. 7:34is and the te form is sh and now looking
174. 7:39at K which is Kuru the T form is and the
175. 7:42te form is but there's actually one more
176. 7:45that we have to go through um and that's
177. 7:47the verb to go and typically to go is uh
178. 7:51which is IU is a type one verb but for
179. 7:54the T form and te form it doesn't
180. 7:56exactly follow the same rules as the
181. 7:58others so it gets thrown into the
182. 8:00exceptions list or type three verbs um
183. 8:04so to go is IU and the past tense is I'm
184. 8:08sorry the T form is and the te form
185. 8:12is so those are the three ones that
186. 8:14you're going to have to memorize um and
187. 8:16those are your type three verbs for the
188. 8:18T form and T
189. 8:19form so as promised I'm going to briefly
190. 8:22go over polite japanes and how to
191. 8:24conjugate those types of sentences into
192. 8:26their past and present tenses so if you
193. 8:29see the ending M then you know
194. 8:32automatically that this is a polite
195. 8:34sentence to change that sentence into
196. 8:36past tense you just change Mas to Mas
197. 8:41Mas and that makes a past tense to
198. 8:43change it into present tense what you
199. 8:45want to do is take the verb um that
200. 8:47precedes Mas uh change it to its te form
201. 8:51and just add imas so it ends up being so
202. 8:55let's look at an example let's look at
203. 8:57the
204. 8:58sentence mus which is I will go to Tokyo
205. 9:02if you wanted to say I went to Tokyo you
206. 9:05would change that to
207. 9:08Tokyo so as you can see I just dropped
208. 9:11the m and replaced it with
209. 9:15Mas okay for the present tense like I
210. 9:19mentioned earlier you want to change
211. 9:20that verb which is ikim to the te form
212. 9:25and then add so the present tense would
213. 9:27be
214. 9:30like you're on the train and you're
215. 9:31heading to Tokyo I'm currently going to
216. 9:33Tokyo
217. 9:35toy so that concludes module five I
218. 9:38highly recommend you looking up some
219. 9:40Japanese verbs and trying some of these
220. 9:41rules out on your own because um the
221. 9:44more you do it the easier it's going to
222. 9:45become and that's always a good thing
223. 9:48with that said we got one more module to
224. 9:49go so I'll see you in module six for
225. 9:52adjective conjugation