MIS 343 Chapter 1 — Transcript

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1. 0:00all right mas343 students welcome to
2. 0:02chapter one
3. 0:03introduction to system analysis and
4. 0:06design
5. 0:07let's start off with some terminology
6. 0:08you may or may not be familiar with some
7. 0:10of these but we're going to start off
8. 0:11with
9. 0:12information technology i t we hear this
10. 0:15all the time we have i.t departments we
11. 0:18have i.t
12. 0:19people but what is information
13. 0:21technology
14. 0:22well it's hardware software products and
15. 0:24services it's the devices
16. 0:26and programs working together to allow
17. 0:29us to
18. 0:30accomplish almost anything if you want
19. 0:33to
20. 0:33simply print something out if you want
21. 0:36to do online banking
22. 0:38all of that is information technology
23. 0:40working together
24. 0:42what about system analysis and design
25. 0:44that's our step-by-step process for
26. 0:46developing
27. 0:47information systems these systems need
28. 0:50to be built they need to be
29. 0:52programmed and there are a footpath if
30. 0:55you will
31. 0:56of how do we develop these systems
32. 0:59and we're also going to hear about
33. 1:00system analysts this is a growing career
34. 1:03field and quite a
35. 1:04good career field to go into these are
36. 1:07the individuals that
37. 1:08plan and develop and maintain these
38. 1:10information they manage
39. 1:12i.t products they do all the meetings
40. 1:14those are when you think of your
41. 1:16stereotypical corporate i.t guy those
42. 1:19are system analysts they have a lot
43. 1:21of their hands in a lot of different
44. 1:23programs they
45. 1:24really run a lot of business information
46. 1:28technology
47. 1:31you're probably familiar with the term
48. 1:32point of sale system or pos
49. 1:35and these are the terminals you see at a
50. 1:37checkout
51. 1:38well that's an entire system it's
52. 1:39related components and software that
53. 1:41produce specific results
54. 1:43and the result of that system is
55. 1:45multiple
56. 1:46one is to allow you to successfully buy
57. 1:49the item you want and complete the
58. 1:50transaction process
59. 1:52but on the back end we are also
60. 1:54maintaining
61. 1:55the database that store uses saying all
62. 1:57right
63. 1:59this many items were sold today at this
64. 2:01price this is our profit
65. 2:03less you know different fees we have and
66. 2:06how many do we have how many more items
67. 2:08do we need to order like we talked about
68. 2:10before many things go
69. 2:12into an information system the most
70. 2:14obvious would be hardware and software
71. 2:16but we also need data think of that
72. 2:18point of sale system we need to know the
73. 2:21corresponding
74. 2:22prices to each upc code that way we can
75. 2:25charge people correctly and make a
76. 2:27profit
77. 2:28we also need certain processes what are
78. 2:30our rules
79. 2:31if you will for the data how does the
80. 2:34software and hardware interact how do we
81. 2:37manage inputs and outputs and finally
82. 2:39the most important part
83. 2:41and honestly the most critical part of
84. 2:43any system
85. 2:44is the people we have to make sure that
86. 2:46everybody who interacts with our
87. 2:48information system
88. 2:49understand how that system works can
89. 2:52they use it
90. 2:52can they troubleshoot it if needed can
91. 2:55they
92. 2:55just function with it daily you know
93. 2:58there's a couple times um
94. 3:00you know a store i go to a lot they
95. 3:02change their
96. 3:03point of sale systems they got new cash
97. 3:05registers and it was painful
98. 3:07the um the cashiers were not trained
99. 3:10properly on how to use the system the
100. 3:12credit card reader never worked
101. 3:14it really ruined that shopping
102. 3:16experience for a lot of people
103. 3:18so you can have the best system in the
104. 3:20world but if your people don't know how
105. 3:21to use it
106. 3:23that system's going to fail when we're
107. 3:25talking about the hardware layer
108. 3:27i want to draw your attention to moore's
109. 3:29law and that states that transistors on
110. 3:31an integrated circuit chip double
111. 3:33about every 24 months so think of like
112. 3:36processor speed moore's law says that
113. 3:38every 24 months processor speed would
114. 3:41double
115. 3:42now this hasn't necessarily held true in
116. 3:44recent time
117. 3:45we have seen processor speed you know go
118. 3:48up exponentially in a very short period
119. 3:50of time
120. 3:51but the key takeaway to moore's law is
121. 3:54technology is developing and constantly
122. 3:57progressing we can never be stagnant
123. 4:00we can never let our hardware stagnate
124. 4:02because when we do
125. 4:03we miss out on a lot of great features
126. 4:06that our customers
127. 4:07would want at the software level that
128. 4:10controls the hardware hardware by itself
129. 4:12doesn't do anything
130. 4:13we need software to tell the hardware
131. 4:16what to do we need the software
132. 4:17to manage and process the data by
133. 4:20processing data it's using
134. 4:22the hardware all of our data is stored
135. 4:26in tables that's the best way to
136. 4:28organize and quite frankly it's really
137. 4:29the only way that your system is going
138. 4:30to be able to understand that data
139. 4:33look back at that point of sale system
140. 4:35that data is
141. 4:36corresponding upc codes to items we have
142. 4:39to a name of that item
143. 4:41maybe it's coca-cola pepsi some chips
144. 4:44how many do we have in stock what is the
145. 4:47msrp manufacturer's recommended retail
146. 4:49price that's the price we charge our
147. 4:51people
148. 4:52and we can break it down even further to
149. 4:54how much profit do we get
150. 4:55for that item what is the maximum
151. 4:57capacity we can hold in store
152. 5:00when do we need to order more you can
153. 5:01see this data is just exponentially with
154. 5:03that one
155. 5:04example when we talk about processes
156. 5:06these are the tasks and functions that
157. 5:08we need to perform
158. 5:09to achieve specific results this is kind
159. 5:11of the rules and how we
160. 5:13operate and people these are our
161. 5:15stakeholders they're individuals
162. 5:17interested in an information system and
163. 5:20that phrase may not
164. 5:21really relate it because you might think
165. 5:23oh well the average cashier may not be
166. 5:25really interested in the register she
167. 5:28used but they're definitely a
168. 5:29stakeholder because they need to
169. 5:30operate that for their job they need to
170. 5:33operate it successfully
171. 5:34for customer satisfaction so we call
172. 5:37them stakeholders that's really anybody
173. 5:39who
174. 5:39interacts with this information system
175. 5:43a huge influencer is obviously the
176. 5:46internet
177. 5:46the internet has changed the way we do
178. 5:49business over the past 10 20 30 years
179. 5:52and think about the way it increases
180. 5:54globalization for small companies
181. 5:57it is totally possible for genetos up
182. 6:00the road from campus for those of you on
183. 6:02campus
184. 6:03it is totally possible for genetos to
185. 6:05sell globally
186. 6:07you know they could sell genetocerts to
187. 6:10russia
188. 6:10to korea to japan that would be
189. 6:13inconceivable
190. 6:1440 years ago even probably even less for
191. 6:17for smaller companies
192. 6:18so the internet has really changed
193. 6:20everything in e-commerce it's developed
194. 6:23ecommerce
195. 6:23we've had commerce before but now we
196. 6:26have electronic congress
197. 6:27if you haven't taken an e-commerce class
198. 6:29there's different
199. 6:30rules and regulations we have to follow
200. 6:33in the world of e-commerce that a
201. 6:34strictly brick and mortar store doesn't
202. 6:38really need
203. 6:38to need to follow a couple different
204. 6:42sectors i really want to focus on
205. 6:43uh and you're going to see these terms
206. 6:45not only in this class but in some other
207. 6:46classes but b2c
208. 6:48b2bs these are categories that we need
209. 6:52to
210. 6:52interact businesses into so business to
211. 6:55consumer that's a company that does a
212. 6:56single
213. 6:57uh session that a customer can purchase
214. 6:59from a business perk
215. 7:01has an interaction directly with the
216. 7:03customer b2b this is business to
217. 7:05business so these are more
218. 7:07back end stuff you know supply chain
219. 7:09management
220. 7:10company a is buying something from
221. 7:12company b and company b may turn around
222. 7:15and sell that directly to a customer
223. 7:18when we're modeling business operations
224. 7:20we're really breaking down step by step
225. 7:22what that company does
226. 7:24if you ever develop a business plan
227. 7:26maybe you want to smart
228. 7:27start a small business these are things
229. 7:29that you really need to analyze
230. 7:31your business profile that's just kind
231. 7:32of a really uh you know 30 000 foot view
232. 7:35of
233. 7:35what's your mission what are your
234. 7:38products and services who do you think
235. 7:39your customers are going to be
236. 7:41who are your competitors where are you
237. 7:43getting the items
238. 7:44and where do you see your company moving
239. 7:46in the future usually a five or a ten
240. 7:49year plan
241. 7:50the business process is very specific
242. 7:53transactions and events
243. 7:54that kind of describe that so we bring
244. 7:57in
245. 7:58uh wickets from this supplier they go in
246. 8:01our stock system they go out to
247. 8:03our consumers we're going to talk a lot
248. 8:06about the
249. 8:07sdlc the system development life cycle
250. 8:10and this is how we plan analyze design
251. 8:13implement and support an information
252. 8:15system this is kind of from
253. 8:18birth to implementation and not end
254. 8:21support but
255. 8:22user support for whatever the system is
256. 8:25this is really the
257. 8:26the birth through operation of a new
258. 8:29information system we're also going to
259. 8:31talk about agile too
260. 8:33agile is really a very interesting
261. 8:35thought process where we just
262. 8:37constantly prototype and learn from our
263. 8:40mistakes to make that better
264. 8:41to get to an end product a lot of
265. 8:44companies
266. 8:45will pick one of these routes and go
267. 8:47maybe they're just an agile and they
268. 8:48just keep prototyping maybe they want
269. 8:50some more
270. 8:51structure in their processing and
271. 8:53developing
272. 8:55but these are terms we're going to talk
273. 8:56about a lot they're terms that you're
274. 8:57going to find more
275. 8:58in your studies and when you get out
276. 9:00into business
277. 9:01we talked about prototyping with agile
278. 9:04development
279. 9:05and this really deserves some more time
280. 9:08because a lot of times
281. 9:09you will see program managers need
282. 9:13a new system maybe it's a database maybe
283. 9:15it's just some other system to
284. 9:16accomplish a task
285. 9:18and a lot of times you'll hear them say
286. 9:20well just give me something make
287. 9:21something happen
288. 9:22and that's kind of how prototyping works
289. 9:24right we know a little bit of the
290. 9:27requirements of the system we know a
291. 9:28little bit of the function so we're
292. 9:29going to make
293. 9:30something it's not going to be a
294. 9:31polished product but a work
295. 9:34there's air quotes around that it'll
296. 9:36work um
297. 9:38if we take our time if time is available
298. 9:42and you know we do some research ahead
299. 9:44of time you can really develop
300. 9:45a very workable prototype that could
301. 9:49mimic what your end
302. 9:50product would be but the problem with
303. 9:53prototyping is
304. 9:54it's very easy to jump to conclusions
305. 9:58or not understand the
306. 10:01final product or even the question at
307. 10:03hand
308. 10:04because you're given a short list of
309. 10:07needs
310. 10:08and wants you will develop a system
311. 10:11and upon presenting it maybe the
312. 10:13stakeholders don't like it
313. 10:15and because they don't fully understand
314. 10:17software development
315. 10:19or system design they think that's the
316. 10:21end goal
317. 10:22and you can get you could start off on
318. 10:24the wrong foot
319. 10:26uh so when you're doing prototyping only
320. 10:28you need to be very clear with your
321. 10:30stakeholders that
322. 10:31you know this is going to be a very
323. 10:33early alpha
324. 10:34release pre-alpha release we need to
325. 10:37explain these terms to them
326. 10:39they may not understand release terms so
327. 10:42you're going to say look this is
328. 10:43this is a really early model we're
329. 10:45working on it it's a work in progress
330. 10:47if you will uh critique it give me give
331. 10:51me
332. 10:51valuable feedback on what you feel we're
333. 10:53gonna go back to the drawing board and
334. 10:54we'll come back
335. 10:55with version two i can't stress that
336. 10:59first
337. 10:59bullet point enough i mean this is an
338. 11:01incredibly
339. 11:02fast evolving field uh yeah it seems
340. 11:06like every month
341. 11:07there are new newsletters coming out new
342. 11:10trade manuals coming out
343. 11:12and you need to stay on top of this
344. 11:14especially if you find this is
345. 11:16you know more than 40 of your job
346. 11:19uh or if you are you know a manager in
347. 11:22an i.t
348. 11:22department you really need to stay on
349. 11:24top of everything
350. 11:26um people who cannot maintain
351. 11:28certifications gain
352. 11:29certifications or just even gain
353. 11:32knowledge or practical experience are
354. 11:34are really going to be behind the power
355. 11:36curve and that's not meant to scare you
356. 11:37in this class you do not need to be
357. 11:40you know a computer whiz in this class
358. 11:42you don't need to be on top of
359. 11:44all the trends but what you'll find down
360. 11:47the road if this
361. 11:47turns into your job if you are a manager
362. 11:51a program manager an it
363. 11:52manager you you need to be a jack of all
364. 11:55trades and you need to have
365. 11:56pretty comprehensive understanding of
366. 11:59many topics and
367. 12:00honestly i think that's one of the
368. 12:01exciting things about this field is
369. 12:03because it is so fast
370. 12:05we talked about a couple trends here
371. 12:07agile specifically really focus on agile
372. 12:10you're just going to see a lot a lot
373. 12:13more of that
374. 12:14so that's going to wrap up our
375. 12:15powerpoint for chapter one like i said
376. 12:17before i don't go over
377. 12:18all the slides in the powerpoint i pick
378. 12:20up things that
379. 12:22i feel we need to talk on and by no
380. 12:23means are these videos a substitute for
381. 12:26you going over the powerpoints yourself
382. 12:28or reading the chapters but please
383. 12:30continue on to chapter two
384. 12:31as always if you have any questions
385. 12:33please reach out