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Maxim Gorky: Years & Days - Soviet Film Project — Transcript

by US Friends of the Soviet People · 2,895 words · 524 segments · language en · Watch on YouTube

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0:03Leningrad documentary film
0:06[Music]
0:09studios Maxim gorki years and
0:15days commissioned by the USSR State
0:17television and radio broadcasting
0:20committee script Tesa Jansen Direction
0:23Idina
0:26kalinina camera Yuri nikolov
0:32[Music]
0:47[Music]
0:53[Music]
0:55go
0:57in
0:58you
1:01[Music]
1:05Maxim gorki writing to Roman
1:08rolon it would be wonderful to go with
1:11you down the vulga and the Kama River to
1:13the Euros there are excellent ships on
1:16the vulga I could tell you a good deal
1:18about the past history of towns in the
1:20vulga we would experience wonderful days
1:23with you my dear
1:26[Music]
1:27friend gorki was born raised on the
1:30vulga and said he hailed from the North
1:33and the vulga it is from the banks of
1:36that river that the days in year start
1:38of alexe maximovich gorki a great
1:42Russian and Soviet
1:47writer he is already 60 and hasn't been
1:51in his home country for almost 7
1:56years Moscow welcomed Gorky home on May
1:5928
2:03[Music]
2:091928 for these people he was not only
2:12their favorite writer he was a living
2:14legend proclaiming the new world they
2:17were
2:21building among those welcoming him our
2:24people's commissars Clement barila and
2:26Anatoli
2:28lunari
2:33[Music]
2:40one of the happiest days of my life I
2:43don't know whether anywhere or at any
2:45time a writer had been welcomed by his
2:48readers with such friendship and such
2:50Joy This Joy has stunned
2:54[Music]
2:58me I didn't recognize the city I
3:01recognize the houses but the people have
3:03changed young people and so much
3:06building going
3:14on the days and weeks flew by filled
3:18with meetings and discoveries gorky's
3:20son Maxim his closest friend returned
3:23with him from Italy in the remaining
3:25years they were
3:28inseparable
3:29[Music]
3:40gorki dreamed of traveling through the
3:42country of visiting places which he had
3:45walked through at one time years ago
3:47when he was young those years of
3:49wandering had provided him with a great
3:51deal of observations of
3:54[Music]
3:57[Applause]
3:58life
4:00in 1892 a tless newspaper in Georgia
4:04published his first story called marar
4:07chra which he signed with his pen name
4:10of Maxim
4:11[Music]
4:20gorki the vulgar at last once again his
4:24hometown of M noad where he was born on
4:27March 28th 186 at and spent his
4:37childhood my memory brought me back to
4:39other days other games and PAs times my
4:43thoughts keep returning to the distant
4:46[Music]
4:57past Alexa learned to read and write as
5:00a youngster and possibly it was books
5:02that gave him a glimmer of hope to see a
5:04better life for the people and to see
5:06them become better he was orphaned as a
5:09boy and lived with his grandparents it
5:11was a large and quarrelsome
5:15[Music]
5:17family only my grandmother became my
5:20friend for life closest to my heart it
5:23was her unselfish love for the world
5:26that enriched me filling me with
5:28strength for a working
5:37life he started working when he was 10
5:40he swept yards was a gardener Sodor and
5:43Baker ran errands and stores and caught
5:46and sold Birds he lived among these
5:49people those who were social outcasts
5:52tramps thieves and rowdies he worked
5:55with them at the Docks Sat by their
5:57bonfires and slept with them them on
6:02rafts years later they were destined to
6:04become the heroes in his early stories
6:07and with them he would start on his
6:09literary career which would earn him
6:11prominence in Russia and the
6:14[Music]
6:28world
6:31today this city is named after him and
6:34the people of n noad whom he dearly
6:38loved are now the citizens of gorki and
6:41they are proud of their great son and
6:43rever his
6:45[Music]
6:58memory
7:02all this will come later but today n
7:05noad awaits him the city where he lived
7:08nearly half of his
7:12life he visited the marketplace which
7:15was so similar to and yet so different
7:17from what he remembered when he was here
7:19as a
7:22reporter he also visited the Sova plant
7:26for the heroes of his novel mother came
7:28from
7:33here he spent several hours in the radio
7:36laboratory it seemed that everything had
7:39been confused but that everything was
7:41right here next to
7:47[Music]
7:58him
8:04[Music]
8:28all
8:33they met in his hometown in
8:3819001 I am completely absorbed by shapin
8:42shapin is something Grand astonishing
8:45and so Russian a semi-illiterate cobbler
8:49and lathe operator he passed through the
8:51thorny path of humiliation to reach the
8:54heights surrounded with Glory but he
8:56managed to remain a simple and sincere
8:59man he gave a concert here donating the
9:02proceeds to the people's theater he
9:04lived a long life no less than I he had
9:08seen a lot no less than
9:17I two great talents two gems each in his
9:21own way Express the times and the
9:23immense inner strength of the people and
9:25their
9:28hopes
9:33in those years at the turn of the
9:35century after years of wonderings
9:37gorky's life seemed to settle
9:42[Music]
9:49down he now had a home and a
9:53family a young wife yakti pavlovna and a
9:57young son Maxim
10:06jokingly the happy father secretly
10:08self-satisfied would speak of him as his
10:11main
10:20creation gorki's large apartment becomes
10:23something of a club various events of
10:26Russian life are discussed and half the
10:28town's population can be seen here
10:30guests arrive from afar and some stay
10:33for
10:37weeks sometimes gorki is driven to
10:40appeal to his guests beseeching them in
10:43China there's a custom for guests to
10:45arrive stay a while and then to
10:52leave the young writer's popularity grew
10:55rapidly his song of the Falcon former
10:58people people and forv had already been
11:08published gorki becomes an exponent of
11:11the Revolutionary moods of the poor the
11:13working class and Progressive
11:19intellectuals in 19001 he was arrested
11:21and sent to jail causing dissatisfaction
11:24throughout the country in his newspaper
11:27isra lenon protested against the
11:29persecution of the prominent writer well
11:32known throughout
11:35Europe all of reading Russia whether in
11:37sympathy or hostility kept their eyes on
11:40that teasing name Maxim
11:43[Music]
11:45gorki the great Leo taloy appraised the
11:49talent of this young
11:50writer to tell you the truth it was an
11:54expressable joy to see my name on a card
11:56next to the line of Russian literature
11:59I'm terribly proud of
12:05that for those years stand out for his
12:07friendship with
12:10czecho what you wrote me Anton pavlovich
12:13is wonderful and WR to the point you are
12:16quite right concerning my fanciful words
12:19I just can't seem to get them out of my
12:21vocabulary and then it bothers me that
12:23I'm afraid of becoming crude I'm
12:25self-taught I'm 30 years old
12:32they wrote each other frequently and
12:34then fate brought them both to the
12:38[Music]
12:48Crimea jov was already seriously ill and
12:52the doctors did not permit him to remain
12:54in Moscow he lived in
12:57Yalta
13:00gorki also arrived in the Crimea for
13:02treatment for his lungs a sickness that
13:05would be with him to the end of his
13:14days they did a great deal of walking
13:17talking and
13:24arguing gorki admired Czech of's talent
13:27and his ability to awake in people a
13:29revulsion for a somnolent and inert way
13:32of life however for himself he
13:35envisioned a different goal convinced
13:37that the time had come for heroism
13:39giving Society active and courageous
13:43[Music]
13:51people that spring the Moscow Art
13:54Theater came to the Crimea to show COV
13:56who was very ill their production C of
13:59his seagulls and Uncle
14:02[Music]
14:09van and that is how gorki met Maria
14:12Andrea an actress with the theater later
14:16she recalled that during the
14:17intermission there was a knock on her
14:19dressing room door and COV asked
14:21permission to enter saying he was not
14:23alone that gorki was with him I was so
14:26excited goodness chov and gorki together
14:31chov came in followed by a tall thin
14:33figure in a Russian summer shirt with
14:35long straight hair and thick reddish
14:38whiskers could that be Gorky I
14:46wondered on the theater's request gorki
14:49wrote the play the
14:55Philistines a big social event was the
14:58theater production of his play at the
15:00bottom placing gorki firmly on the list
15:03of names in Russian and world literature
15:05as a
15:07[Music]
15:12playwright gorki left his hometown of n
15:16novarad in
15:2119004 he now lived in Moscow and
15:24Petersburg and often met the painter
15:26ripan the critic St
15:29and many young artists and
15:34[Music]
15:41writers his public activities now take
15:43up a good deal of his time he becomes
15:46head of the zna publishing house and
15:49works closely with such realist authors
15:51as andreev Bonin and
15:57kin his song of the Falcon and song of
16:00the stormy petrol became poetic
16:03Declarations of the first Russian
16:09Revolution on the morning of January 9th
16:1219005 gorki saw how the Zar soldiers
16:15fired at a peaceful demonstration of
16:22workers the night following that Bloody
16:25Sunday he wrote his appeal in which he
16:28accused accused the government of mass
16:30murder 3 days later he was arrested and
16:32imprisoned in the Peter and Paul
16:39Fortress however Russian and World
16:41public pressure forced the government to
16:43reluctantly release Goron
16:47[Music]
16:51Bale the authorities are showing an
16:53obvious desire to catch me I don't have
16:56any desire to be in jail and and that is
16:58why I'm going abroad for a long time and
17:01won't return till a new constitution
17:05appears gorki and his second wife Maria
17:08Andrea spent many years
17:15[Music]
17:21abroad in the Autumn of 19006 they
17:24settled down in Italy gorki was known
17:27here and his plays were stayed in many
17:30[Music]
17:34theaters he lived on the aisle of Capri
17:37where there was lots of sunshine a
17:39beautiful landscape and wonderful people
17:42every page of his tales of Italy is
17:45replete with sympathy for these poor
17:47kind and optimistic
17:54[Music]
17:57people
17:59[Music]
18:07never had I written so willingly and so
18:09easily and my entire life is in that I
18:13write a good deal and will write still
18:15more something characteristic of me and
18:19[Music]
18:23beneficial the first Russian Revolution
18:25was defeated but gorki is certain the
18:28struggle will continue he completed his
18:31novel mother the first literary work
18:34depicting the struggle of the
18:35Revolutionary proletariat for
18:38[Music]
18:48socialism he also wrote the life of mve
18:52kakin the confession and childhood which
18:56he dedicated to his son they live far
18:59from each other and do not see each
19:00other
19:01often you should write me from time to
19:04time or you'll forget about me and when
19:07I come to you bald gray and bent you'll
19:10ask who are you I certainly would like
19:13to live with you and I can imagine how
19:15we go down the vul on a good ship eating
19:18as we go lots of tasty fish and all
19:22[Music]
19:27that
19:30he keeps thinking of Russia cpri seems
19:33to attract many Russians living far from
19:35their country as though it was a part of
19:37their
19:39[Music]
19:44motherland the devil take it it's so
19:46tempting to get over to you in Capri
19:49Lenin wrote gorki in 19008 in answer to
19:52his invitation you describe everything
19:55so wonderfully that honest to God I'll
19:57certainly come
19:59Lennon and gorki were acquainted since
20:01the fifth party Congress in London in
20:0319007 Lennon always spoke highly of
20:06gorki's talent stressing the importance
20:08of his books for the Russian
20:09workingclass movement however he
20:12invariably pointed out that gorki was
20:14always totally without character and
20:17politics and succumbed to various
20:19feelings and
20:21moods in Capri gorki found himself in
20:23the company of people who sharply
20:25disagreed with lenon in their views Len
20:28however believe that gorki as he said
20:31was one of us and will undoubtedly
20:33Return To
20:39[Music]
20:44Us gorki was in Petersburg in
20:481917 this was a difficult time for him
20:51for he doubted that the time was
20:52opportune for the revolution he was
20:54tormented by thoughts of the destiny of
20:57Russian culture
20:58it was not in his nature however to
21:00remain Idol he helped in the fight
21:03against famine and child delinquency
21:05preserving works of art of historical
21:07value and improving the living
21:09conditions of Scholars and
21:12writers Lenin gave gorki his sincere
21:15support in everything the writer did and
21:17gorki always looked upon lenon as his
21:20friend and teacher for the development
21:22of Science and culture in the young
21:24Soviet Republic at the same time Lin was
21:27concerned with the right 's Health in
21:29the fall of 1921 when gorki started
21:31coughing blood lenon insisted he go
21:34abroad for
21:36[Music]
21:48treatment when he returned several years
21:51later he saw a new country and new
21:57people
22:01he wrote to Romain
22:05ran when you come to the land of Soviets
22:08you will see that something truly great
22:10and important is being accomplished
22:11there you my dear friend can imagine my
22:14pride and
22:26joy gorki meets with working people
22:29writers Red Army men and
22:38children he visits with former
22:40delinquents with whom he maintained a
22:42correspondence for many
22:50years he looks deeply into their eyes
22:53and faces searching for the face of the
22:55new Young
22:56country
23:03[Music]
23:19his deteriorating Health however forced
23:21him to return to sento for the winter
23:24where he continued work on his
23:26Monumental novel The Life of Clint samin
23:29a sweeping work about the difficulties
23:31that faced Russian
23:34intellectuals in a letter to Roman ran
23:37he
23:39wrote my dear friend I'm sending you
23:42samin I don't think I have time to make
23:45Corrections and improvements old age is
23:48a poor companion in work and I'm
23:50certainly aging successfully believe me
23:53I am not boasting of
23:56this
23:58in sarento he lived happily with his
24:00large family his son Maxim and his wife
24:03two grandchildren Marfa and Daria Maxim
24:07translated his father's books as he knew
24:09four languages typed his manuscripts and
24:12handled the
24:13correspondence although gorki lived
24:15abroad he had strong and growing ties
24:17with the young Soviet literary
24:20[Music]
24:23World yesterday I received 49 letters
24:27and another 62 today people from home
24:30often come to see me people of different
24:33professions they exude a fragrance of
24:35fire and smoke a healthy
24:40Aroma gorki dreams of returning home for
24:45[Music]
24:50good the last years of his life are
24:53connected with
24:56Moscow at this time he is extremely busy
25:00what with his public activities and
25:01writing he is now the central figure in
25:04the country's literary World often
25:06writes for the press and on his
25:08initiative magazines and books are
25:11published half seriously he jokes that
25:13he is no longer an individual but a
25:15whole
25:16[Music]
25:21office there are many guests in his
25:24house but his son is no longer with him
25:27he died giving his whole life to his
25:40father my sincere thanks dear ran for
25:43your friendly letter I don't like and
25:46cannot talk about my personal affairs
25:49however I will say that my son's
25:51untimely death has been a bad blow to me
25:54Maxim was a healthy and strong man he
25:57died
26:03[Music]
26:07suffering but life continued gorki tried
26:10to be among children often and with his
26:13grandchildren though his busy life left
26:15him little time for
26:21leisure he had long been dreaming of
26:23uniting all Soviet writers and all
26:26cultural workers
26:28and that day finally came when on August
26:3017th 1934 the first Congress of Soviet
26:34writers opened gorki had brought up a
26:37whole generation of young Soviet writers
26:40and he showed a constant concern for the
26:42rising generation of writers he read a
26:45good deal of their manuscripts helping
26:47them in their work believing this to be
26:49his real work the writer's Congress was
26:52an important public
26:54[Music]
26:56event
26:59[Music]
27:00[Applause]
27:08the party and government have given
27:10writers everything depriving them of
27:12only one thing the right to write
27:17badly to this could be added that the
27:19party and government takes from us the
27:21right to command each other giving us
27:23the right to teach each other to teach
27:26means a mutual exchange of experience
27:29only that and nothing
27:37[Applause]
27:44more after the Congress gorki again is
27:47busy with his novel clim samin The work
27:50takes him back to the turn of the
27:52century and he has a desire to see his
27:55old
27:56friends
27:58[Music]
28:20but their paths have taken different
28:22roads some are in the country others
28:25live abroad gorki right to shapin to
28:28return home shapin promises even starts
28:32preparing but they never do meet
28:38again however one of the great joys of
28:41gor's life was his meeting with Roman
28:43ran with whom he had been corresponding
28:46for 20 years and both had been hoping to
28:49meet someday after all they could not
28:52just leave this life without at least
28:54seeing each other and Roman ran comes to
28:57Moscow to visit
29:00[Music]
29:12gorki two great writers two Summits of
29:16human Spirit two old men they are both
29:20concerned with many problems literature
29:22art music the fate of the world
29:25threatened by Fascism and a Feeling of
29:27approaching
29:29catastrophe as they parted they agreed
29:32to meet
29:34[Music]
29:40again 6 months later January 1st 1936
29:44gorki
29:49wrote I walk carefully over this Earth
29:53and as a foxy old man I keep increasing
29:56my work so that there would be no time
29:58to die I intend living another 20 years
30:02or at least three more oh well then two
30:08more he died 6 months
30:11[Music]
30:26later
30:28immortality no thank you I don't want it
30:32I repeat blessed be the law of mortality
30:36renovating the days of
30:38[Music]
30:56life
30:58[Music]

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