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Lecture 18 : Trends in Logistics — Transcript

by NPTEL IIT Kharagpur · 6,133 words · 908 segments · language en · Watch on YouTube

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0:01[Music]
0:22[Music]
0:25so hello dear friends welcome back to
0:27nptl online course on Logistics and
0:29supply chain management so today now we
0:32have reached towards the end of uh this
0:35Logistics chapter where we'll now we
0:38have explored different functional area
0:40under Logistics management we have seen
0:43uh the industry scenario we have talked
0:45about the international Logistics we
0:47talked uh specifically about the
0:49e-commerce industry so now uh we'll talk
0:53about uh what are the future Trends what
0:55are the drivers or driving forces
0:58factors which are you know forces us to
1:00you know keep on uh renovating
1:03innovating our Logistics distribution
1:05Network right so today we'll try to
1:08conclude this chapter with uh the latest
1:11research directions in in uh in the
1:14field of logistics management right so
1:17um we'll try to cover we'll spend a
1:19couple of sessions again on this disc uh
1:22discussing about uh again just brief
1:24intro uh from where this Logistics
1:27concept started what are if we'll talk
1:30about uh the modern Logistics what are
1:32the key stakeholders which are coming
1:35very prominently in in logistics
1:37industry we'll talk about uh some Modern
1:40Logistics Concepts and then we'll talk
1:42about the factors which are you know
1:45working as driving forces to you know uh
1:48change our Logistics strategies uh every
1:52day we'll talk about the trends in
1:54logistics industry so overall View and
1:57then we'll talk about special Focus in
2:00Indian Logistics industry right so we'll
2:03talk about definitely challenges what
2:05modern Logistics now fa facing and in
2:09the end we'll talk about some
2:10performance measures how we are
2:12evaluating our uh modern Logistics
2:14system right now and we'll end this
2:17discussion with the some small cases
2:19right we were doing earlier so let's
2:22start with the history just quick
2:24overview actually uh after World War uh
2:28second so
2:30many of the countries they realized that
2:32we they were having even they were
2:34having the enough resources but
2:36somewhere they lagged with you know how
2:38they could uh use those resources in
2:41that Optimum way so maybe the result may
2:43be different in that way right so they
2:46fail that this optimal utilization of
2:48the resources as well as the
2:50coordination among the various
2:51stakeholders working in that complete
2:53supply chain that could not be achieved
2:56somehow and uh the major part we were
2:58lagging there and obviously the the
2:59technological integration was not at
3:01that level so we can understand so these
3:04are these were some of the failures or
3:07Draw they uh investigated uh especially
3:11talking about the military con uh
3:13context right so then they started
3:16shifting uh towards the Computing
3:18capabilities how we can go for uh
3:21mathematical modeling and we can use
3:23different softwares if you'll talk about
3:25warehouse management how we can use
3:27warehouse management softwares
3:29transportation management softwares
3:31inside the warehouse inside the
3:33container how we can utilize the maximum
3:36capacity we can track the unutilized
3:38capacity and in that way we can design
3:41the packaging or we can design the total
3:43complete load which we are going to ship
3:46in that particular container so uh many
3:50uh algorithms we we we as a part of
3:53operation research like we have
3:55algorithm for assignment problem which
3:57Market should be supplied from which uh
4:00uh Factory then we have transportation
4:03algorithm how we can pick the best route
4:06considering the distance considering the
4:08road condition considering the weather
4:10conditions all those things and then we
4:12can minimize the transportation cost we
4:15have other methods queuing Theory and we
4:18have Simplex method where we can utilize
4:20all those operation research tool to you
4:22know go mathematically so that the
4:24subjectivity can be removed totally when
4:27we are going for decision making and we
4:29can be more objective in that way right
4:31so we try to you know grow
4:34professionally in that way and then we
4:36somewhere we realize that it is not that
4:39area that today I'm manufacturing
4:41something let's start you know uh
4:44Distributing the product of our own
4:47right so this is area which requires
4:50special attention because if you see uh
4:53almost 50 to 60% of the cost this your
4:56supply chain is contributing if you see
5:0060 to 70% cost including your raw
5:03material sourcing including your
5:05manufacturing including your
5:07transportation distribution warehousing
5:09order management from the customer doing
5:11the Doorstep Delivery right so this much
5:14cost if one functional area is taking
5:16obviously it becomes very very important
5:19that we need to address this in more
5:21professional approach right so now as
5:25the local Transporters we cannot do that
5:27we cannot handle our product or Services
5:30of our own so let us uh Outsource this
5:33to some professional agency which is
5:36known as third party logistic services
5:38provider we talked about first party
5:40Logistics second party third party and
5:42the evolution towards the six party
5:44logistic services where they are
5:46completely taking care of our complete
5:48supply chain including the manufacturing
5:50raw material supply and to the End
5:53customer and then they are you know
5:55doing the decision making analysis as
5:57well based on the information they are
5:59collecting on the market so those kind
6:01of Professional Services are required
6:03when we are talking about the modern
6:05Logistics so it is not that uh anyone
6:08can come and can handle those things and
6:11when you are saying uh talking about
6:13these uh stward so obviously UPS FedEx
6:16Walmart Flipkart Amazon eBay how
6:20delivery how they have changed the
6:23overall scenario right so ecart how they
6:26have changed the overall scenario so in
6:28that way if your compet compor is having
6:30access to the expertise and you are
6:33still going with your traditional
6:36behavor you are delivering your food
6:37packets of your own you are having the
6:39restaurant you are delivering the food
6:41packets and then your partner is
6:44collaborating with swii with zato with
6:46other uh Career Services right so you
6:50can see how much efficiently you can
6:52work how much efficiently you can focus
6:55on your uh key area your competency and
6:59then uh how can be you efficient when
7:03you are talking about the transportation
7:04and distribution services which is
7:06totally your unknown area right so over
7:10the time when we talk about e-logistics
7:12now it has come that development of RFID
7:16technology or API technology or we are
7:19talking about automated systems right so
7:22internet of things so we are talking
7:25about so these are some of the platforms
7:27which are driving the you know next stay
7:30distribution or Logistics uh platform so
7:33here I have included some uh video links
7:36you guys can just quickly go through
7:38these videos and then we'll uh continue
7:41our uh discussion on the topic so uh you
7:44can just see in that video what I was
7:47talking about makes more sense when you
7:49say uh why we are failing with inventory
7:52keeping stocks why our products are
7:54getting obsolete in the inventory itself
7:57why we are damaging the products in the
7:58handling we are talking about Warehouse
8:01uh management why we are talking about
8:03100 people are working just searching
8:05the products items and then picking the
8:08product taking time to pack uh package
8:11that product and then again shipping why
8:14can't we do it automatically where there
8:17will be no Manpower involved robots will
8:19be handling the products in that way we
8:22we can be error proof and then uh we can
8:25manage the inventory as well where stock
8:27rotation uh can be insured so that no
8:30product goes obsolete in the warehouse
8:33only so these are some of the you know
8:37uh the latest trends uh we we have to as
8:40as a player in the any industry we have
8:42to move toward that Innovation right so
8:46let's talk about categories of modern
8:47day Logistics so uh now we we are
8:51supposed to provide multifaceted uh
8:54approach right and uh we need to handle
8:57so many different activities related to
8:59the the consumption production and
9:00distribution of the goods within City or
9:03outside the city we cannot say that this
9:05our coverage is not in that area so when
9:08we are talking about your wide coverage
9:11Network so obviously there will be
9:13variation in the city size there will be
9:15variation in the geography economy
9:17culture politics right if any part of
9:21the world you are operating political
9:22instability is there if that is very
9:25that area is very prone to natural
9:27disasters if some something means wrong
9:30maybe with the uh economy uh
9:33fluctuations right economy policy
9:36something goes wrong and then you need
9:38to take care so any disruption is
9:40happening in that way so this Logistics
9:43Network these days is going to be very
9:46diverse and going to be very complex
9:48right so these are the forces which are
9:50driving so talking about some of the you
9:53know a major uh area or maybe uh you can
9:57say Industries which are coming with
9:59these uh or where we need to be you know
10:03in that way very efficient is kind of
10:05retail right retail either you are going
10:08through your fragmented stores or you
10:11are going through your onstop solution
10:13market so in that way your you have to
10:16ensure the smooth supply of the product
10:18but how you can ensure the smooth Supply
10:21when your supply chain is having that
10:24information what type of items are
10:27required how much how how many items are
10:30required what is the quality level
10:32expected from the customers right and
10:35what are the delivery patterns right in
10:37in in small Lots they are buying or they
10:39are buying in Big Lots right so that
10:42that will you know help you to design
10:44your next stage Logistics Network
10:47talking about consumer shopping trips
10:49this is also now frequently happening
10:52that you are visiting you want to go out
10:54with your family right and then in the
10:56meanwhile you are visiting the uh
10:58groceries store you are visiting the
11:01Appel industry or store or you are
11:03visiting any other shop right in in that
11:05one mall you are visiting all those
11:07shops right so we are designing now in
11:09these days in that way so that if the
11:12customer is visiting that particular
11:13mall he can almost address all the uh
11:17problems or issues related to his demand
11:20at one place right so now when they are
11:24moving towards different uh uh stores
11:27right so obviously they will pick the
11:29items so then as that store we are uh
11:33making this promise that you can just
11:35pick the St uh stock and then we'll
11:37deliver you uh that stock at your doly
11:40that is also one very prominent model if
11:42you talk about the grocery items
11:44especially right so obviously this will
11:47uh ensure more again energy consumption
11:50right then you can take the career or
11:53Services as well and either you take
11:56delivery ecart or UPS those kind of
11:59uh Global players are there which they
12:02are handling those stocks or sometimes
12:04doing the cross docking right just to
12:06distribute them talking about the
12:09industry Hotel Restaurant catering you
12:11you you are aware about zato you are
12:14aware about swiy right you are even
12:17aware about the those exclusive
12:19showrooms or Outlets which uh in food
12:22industry only where they are delivery
12:25they're ensuring the delivery within 30
12:27minutes right if you talk about Domino
12:28Pizza right MD so those kind of promises
12:32either they are collaborating with the
12:34local partner or they are having their
12:35own distribution Network whatever way
12:37they are working right but this is a
12:39kind of industry emerging like like we
12:41discussed about the example where we
12:43don't have you know customer is not
12:46having that much time where the every
12:48day or other day they can go in the
12:49restaurant and sit for two hours and
12:51enjoy that meal whatever he wants to
12:53take right that time is limited now so
12:57now hotels are com to your doorstep so
13:01that will that is another very emerging
13:03area so obviously now we are getting
13:07matured in this area but how we can you
13:09know combine more orders to be more
13:11efficient in that way right and then we
13:12can ensure the free delivery home
13:15packets these food packets right talking
13:17about construction if you are talking
13:19about Construction in some rural area
13:22semi-urban area still it is easy but if
13:24we are talking about construction within
13:26the city so all logistic related
13:28problems are there where you will store
13:30the material this is first point even
13:32you can ensure the raw material supply
13:35but the area is not enough to you know
13:37store the raw material so in that way so
13:40you need some temporary storage centers
13:43or some third party who is storing all
13:45the raw material related to construction
13:47whenever you will say kind of just in
13:49time Services we can provide you in the
13:52urban area as well avoiding all the
13:54traffic and whatever restrictions are
13:57there we cannot move this is is another
13:59area because very close to me I work in
14:02this area of Waste Management circular
14:04economy designing the closed loop supply
14:06chain so again waste management is a
14:09kind of supply chain which includes your
14:12collection of the waste obviously from
14:14households the next step is your
14:16segregation which is very very important
14:19to segregate the uh vet waste from the
14:22dry waste to segregate the Infectious
14:24waste from the non-infectious waste so
14:27these kind of so many different
14:28segregations are there right depending
14:30upon the category so that we can use
14:33some waste as fertilizer we can some use
14:36some of the waste maybe for Road medling
14:38purpose we can maybe some of the waste
14:41we can again recycle remanufacture reuse
14:44to those kind of things we can ensure
14:46only when we are ensuring segregation
14:49after the collection of the waste then
14:52again it is being transported to uh you
14:56know the based treat treatment
14:58facilities where we will be treating the
15:00waste and if not directly to the waste
15:04treatment facility maybe in between we
15:06are having warehouses we are storing the
15:09waste temporarily from that warehouse
15:12maybe some part will go to the treatment
15:14facility where we will do the final
15:19treatment some part will go for maybe
15:22for composting purpose to the
15:25composting
15:27plant some part May go for uh maybe uh
15:31recycling purpose plastic part some part
15:34may go for Road medling
15:38purpose depending upon
15:41the how you have done the segregation
15:44right so this is complete supply chain
15:46Waste Management so uh obviously this is
15:50again another industry which is coming
15:53as very promising because when we are
15:55talking about uh uh reusing the used
15:59products so if you talk about the
16:02economics of that so the uh usually the
16:06industries are five times more profit
16:09many reports are there they are five
16:12times more profitable than getting the
16:14fresh raw material and again
16:15manufacturing the product then talking
16:18about industrial and terminal Hol so uh
16:21in cities we have some distribution
16:24centers we have hubs where we are
16:26temporarily storing that products or
16:29Industrial Products even if you are
16:30talking about supplies to the industries
16:33so that those also we are storing right
16:36so who are the stakeholders in the
16:38modern Logistics so obviously first who
16:41wants to ship the product and then who
16:43wants to you know receive the product
16:45those are two prominent players now
16:47shippers they are having their own uh
16:51demands and those demands are obviously
16:54driving from the customer how customer
16:56is you know uh uh expecting in that way
17:00in terms of lead time in terms of cycle
17:03time in terms of the quantity he wants
17:05in terms of the frequency how frequently
17:08he is buying right in terms of the
17:10delivery options uh when he wants the
17:12product maybe uh in the evening hours in
17:15in the maybe uh maybe 2 to 3 or at what
17:18time they want and what quality they
17:21want right and after sales Services if
17:24any kind of network is there then again
17:26you need to ensure the again after sales
17:28service this is how you can provide uh
17:30to your customer right and that also you
17:33need to address all these issues at the
17:35minimum cost you cannot say that because
17:37we are providing you frequent delivery
17:40we will be charging you the delivery
17:42cost right so obviously as Amazon
17:45Customer flip card customer your first
17:47thing is whenever you are picking
17:49product you randomly you check your
17:50buying Behavior first you are checking
17:52whether the free return is available or
17:54not whether I can return that product or
17:57not if something is not good with the
17:59quality or the fabric I'm wearing not
18:01comfortable size so many different
18:03things can be there right so that is
18:06first thing and second thing is how
18:08easily I can return that product right
18:11and then payment options also so if I'm
18:14doing the payment how quickly I'll get
18:16that money back in my wallet whether it
18:19is Amazon wallet or to my personal
18:21account right then another stakeholder
18:23is Carrier who is taking you know your
18:26product from the manufacturer to your
18:28door step now during that this is now
18:32the old school of thought when we talk
18:34about during that uh Transportation who
18:37cares about how we are handling the
18:39packets how you are handling my packet I
18:42want to see now the level should be like
18:45that I want to see where you are
18:47dropping my packet where you are picking
18:49my packet how you are handling
18:51throughout the distribution Network so
18:53all those things include a basket that
18:56is you know in the end coming up with
18:57the quality of service you are providing
18:59right and then public authorities again
19:02very important stakeholders because
19:03whatever infrastructure we are using to
19:06transport either through ship either
19:08through air either through rail either
19:10through your road so that infrastructure
19:14has to be
19:16ensured uh by these regulatory
19:19authorities only your public authorities
19:22and not only this much then to need the
19:24uh there is need to you know check all
19:26these operations right if something goes
19:29wrong with the customer I have done the
19:30payment I have not received the product
19:32then you can go to the uh consumer Cod
19:35and then again how good you are with the
19:38packaging how good you are with the
19:40sustainability measures right if
19:42Government regularity Authority they are
19:44saying that you have to be you know
19:46environmental uh friendly so what are
19:49your initiatives towards that so this
19:52this again a stakeholder which is
19:54playing important role if you see Trend
19:57in logistics so this is is how it is
19:59improving and when we are saying from
20:01Logistics 1.0 to latest concept of
20:04logistics 4.0 so then degree of
20:06complexity is also increasing day by day
20:09but yes degree of complexity is there
20:11but then we are not doing it manually we
20:14have softwares we have robots we have
20:16automated systems which are
20:18automatically generating data processing
20:20that information taking the decision on
20:22our behalf right so how this industry is
20:26evolving we were talking about steam
20:28engine here and we were you know locally
20:30we were Distributing the products right
20:32so sometimes animal force we were using
20:34then we came to electrical power and we
20:37started talking about automation of
20:39handling system right how we can go for
20:42uh you know electrical engines and we
20:44can make delivery more quickly more
20:46efficiently in that way right then the
20:49Adent of your computers and it and
20:51change the whole scenario and now we are
20:54talking about you know uh warehouse
20:57management softwares we are talking
20:59about transportation management software
21:01where we can find out the best route we
21:02can minimize the distance we can
21:04minimize the cost we can minimize the
21:06inventory all those things not manually
21:09by using these uh softwares right and
21:12then now next is the iot system tagging
21:16RFID C uh your uh cyber physical system
21:21in that way we want to connect in the
21:23supply chain that anyone can have the uh
21:27transparency
21:29can if even we if we are talking about
21:31the customer they have the visibility
21:33where their product is right now how
21:36their product is Flowing how much time
21:38it will take whether it is on time it is
21:40early everything and as a service
21:43provider you also want that information
21:46so that you can also make the decision
21:48decision uh will be more informed
21:51decisions right so talking about Trends
21:53in logistics so obviously the basic
21:56things those are driving your Logistics
21:59is automation first sustainability
22:02technology right so these all are some
22:04of the latest technology we'll quickly
22:06discuss about these Technologies elastic
22:09Logistics now why we need third party
22:12Logistics so that if today I need to
22:15deliver 10 packets of food I will pay
22:17for 10 packets tomorrow there is demand
22:20and I want to deliver 100 packets my
22:23career partner will deliver 100 packet
22:25it is their headache how they are going
22:27to arrange the Manpower how they are
22:29going to arrange the delivery vehicles
22:31but we'll pay for 100 orders right so if
22:36that again challenges if you will
22:37acquire your own resources so how
22:39optimally you can use those resources so
22:41your logistic partner should be lastic
22:44enough to give you those tailored
22:46solution automation we we have been
22:49talking about using softwares minimum
22:52human intervention right so so that
22:55inventory why we are keeping you know
22:58inventory stocks in books there there
23:01can be robots I told you uh the DHL we
23:04discussed just I show the video uh of
23:07DHL Warehouse where automatically those
23:10drones are taking the stocks how much
23:12inventory is left out where uh when we
23:15need to place the replenishment order
23:17right again we need to replenish the uh
23:19inventory so how many items we need to
23:22place right which vendor will get the
23:24order so all those things through
23:26automation we can share blockchain if
23:29you are implementing is another uh you
23:32know parallel digal system how your
23:35product is flowing in the supply chain
23:37same way blockchain will you know from
23:39the first supplier to the End customer
23:42will give you complete picture
23:43transparent picture how it is and this
23:46is error proof system where you know
23:48fraud cannot happen this is tempered any
23:51anyone cannot interrupt there or it is
23:54tempered proof right so those kind of
23:56disruptions cannot happen okay if you
23:59are we we are implementing blockchain uh
24:01enabled supply chain so smart contracts
24:04if I'm saying that uh let's say very
24:07simple example I'm getting raw material
24:10and from my vendor and it is coming to
24:12my show floor before that it is going
24:14for incoming quality control check if it
24:17is okay we'll store this in the storage
24:20house and then the information will go
24:22to the accounts Department that now it
24:26is your lot is accept CED so maybe you
24:29can raise the credit note to the vendor
24:34right so that means this information
24:37should be
24:39immediately uh shared with the vendor
24:41that now your information has been so
24:43why we cannot go for that as soon as
24:46this iqc incoming quality control
24:49department is clicking that this lot is
24:51okay automatically your contract should
24:54be executed that the payment should be
24:56done to the vendor so this is a smart
24:58contract right if human intervention is
25:01there so many documentation is there
25:03obviously it will take time and many
25:04stages are there so time consuming right
25:07in that way iot will again play a very
25:10important role if you talk about how we
25:12can share the resources through cloud
25:15computing and then how we can uh you
25:18know place the order automatically uh
25:21our Software System will analyze the
25:23inventory and will place the orders and
25:25will maintain all the activities
25:27throughout the your uh distribution
25:29Network so Advanced analytics Predictive
25:32Analytics so that we can predict what is
25:34going to be the demand not only demand
25:37function we can predict we can also
25:39predict if there is any disruption that
25:41is coming on the way to your
25:43distribution Network right so those kind
25:45of things also we can do cloud computing
25:48all those software we are not using
25:50every day all those Solutions technology
25:53we are so whenever we need the exess we
25:56can go for that right so easily because
25:58this is large data we are going to
26:00generate right from the customer end
26:02from the distribution partner from the
26:04shipping agency from the manufacturer
26:06from the warehouse partner from the raw
26:08material part so huge data is there but
26:11you cannot ignore any part so you need
26:14to track that you need to you know
26:17process that using your cloud computing
26:20using your big data right so in that way
26:23Logistics robots we have seen that how
26:26within Warehouse you can use the robots
26:28to manage the inventory AI enabled
26:30solution combined with Internet of
26:32Things cloud computing and then your AI
26:36techniques will take care of uh all the
26:39decision- making when the product should
26:41be shipped when the product should be
26:42packed how much quantity is required
26:44which part of the PIN code if you're are
26:47segregating in that way right so when
26:50you need to place the uh order for the
26:52new raw material when you need to start
26:54the cycle time of that particular model
26:56of that product right or all those
26:58decision you can do that a are augmented
27:01reality within the warehouse it's a huge
27:04Warehouse spread on maybe uh 10 km
27:07square area so then if some uh demand is
27:11coming then all human uh because of you
27:15are operating manually so then then you
27:18are searching the product why can't we
27:20take the shortest route we just find out
27:22the location andever maybe robot or drwn
27:25will pick the product and will drop the
27:27product at your your packaging stage and
27:29easily you can package and deliver right
27:31so these are some of the GPS Bluetooth
27:33technology byi c network iot enable
27:36tracking Solutions you can do uh you can
27:39use right so digital twin is usually we
27:42use for you know replicating the
27:44Practical scenario in your lab and then
27:46you can do all the testing related to
27:49how resilient your supply chain is and
27:51how quickly you can do that so here I
27:53have included some uh video links you
27:55guys can just quickly go through these
27:57video videos and then we'll uh continue
28:00our uh discussion on the topic so
28:03whenever you are visiting any these kind
28:04of uh uh multibrand stores you might
28:07have seen the first very concern that
28:09also comes to my mind as well that if
28:11you are visiting on weekends so you have
28:14to wait first for picking the products
28:16maybe for half an hour you'll take and
28:18then half an hour another you will be in
28:20the queue just to process the bill so
28:22this is another very smart solution you
28:25uh you have designed those trollies as
28:27that as soon as I'm picking dropping the
28:30product in that inside the trolley
28:31automatically bill is being generated
28:33let keep on adding that if anything I'm
28:36taking out obviously that and whenever
28:39I'm picking the product it is showing
28:41you the your uh uh Amazon rating as well
28:45right so how other customers are talking
28:47about that product so usually on
28:50e-commerce website this is what you are
28:51looking for right so talking about
28:53recent technology in modern Logistics is
28:56so drawns how you can do do the last
28:58mile delivery using those drones even
29:00within within the warehouse how you can
29:02connect through all your shelves where
29:05you are maintaining the inventory your
29:07drones robots through byi and
29:10then you are managing those deports and
29:13the information is processed that that
29:15this particular product is required and
29:17these many maybe five item five quantity
29:20required right so automatically your
29:22drone will go to that shelf we'll find
29:25out and we deliver you the five right
29:28and then obviously throughout
29:31distribution your trucks even if your
29:33inventory is uh traveling through that
29:35truck that should also be tracked right
29:38so some of the modern Logistics concept
29:40first is cold chain logistic system this
29:42is again very challenging task where we
29:45need to maintain the temperature
29:46throughout and we are talking about the
29:48perishable Goods vegetables or milk
29:51products or we are talking about the
29:53medicines in in in case of vaccines
29:55because if you are not maintaining that
29:57quality
29:58so then it may affect the potency of the
30:01your vaccines right so throughout that
30:04supply chain you need to maintain the
30:06proper temperature right so for that we
30:09are using special equipment packaging
30:11processes so that you can ensure that so
30:14what are the M main components when we
30:16are talking about cold chain supply
30:18chain temperature control is first thing
30:21see temperature control not only within
30:23that container if you are shifting your
30:25product from one container to other
30:27container then you need to ensure the
30:29cold Corridor if you are unloading the
30:32product during that process also you
30:34inside the warehouse you are maintaining
30:37the temperature but during unloading how
30:39you will maintain the temperature so
30:41temperature control is very very
30:43important in that packaging how you can
30:45ensure the insulated packaging so that
30:48it should be you know uh PR to your
30:50outside uh temperature uh variation and
30:54that you can maintain the uh temperature
30:57level throughout your your journey right
30:59monitoring and tracking so how uh
31:03efficiently you can monitor the data
31:05related to your temperature conditions
31:08and if something goes wrong right if
31:10there is any fluctuation your system
31:12fails during your transportation your
31:14container cold storage system is not
31:16working so then how you can you know to
31:20those contingency how you will you will
31:22mitigate those risk right so that
31:25because if you are carrying that much
31:26inventory so if something goes wrong so
31:29that is cost uh then Regulatory
31:32Compliance are there through if you
31:34taking any food related item or you are
31:36taking any uh medicine related item so
31:39those kind of uh initiatives whatever uh
31:42the guidelines are you need to follow
31:44second thing is we talked about
31:46blockchain how it can improve the
31:48efficiency how it can improve the
31:50transparency traceability security right
31:53because these are temper proof records
31:55and see if you talk about the supply
31:58chain this is the complete supply chain
32:00when the factory is you know handling
32:03over the product to the supplier this
32:05much information is generated right
32:08loading certificate batch number
32:09processing data shipment delivery this
32:11information is generated so let's say
32:14for recording these four things we are
32:15maintaining four different documents
32:17we'll handle these documents manually to
32:19the supplier then supplier again again
32:21will uh conver uh uh process that
32:26material and maybe then logistic
32:27operator will take care of that then
32:29again packing list order number batch
32:31number everything information will be
32:33generated then again from logistic
32:35operator it is going to Long Long Hall
32:38uh carrier and then short Hall carrier
32:40for the distribution house so every
32:43stage you see how much information you
32:45are generating how even if I'm Factory
32:49here I should have access what the
32:52information is at warehouse where the uh
32:55proper monitoring of temperature is not
32:57happening and then when the product is
32:58reaching to End customer the quality
33:01level we are promising we are not able
33:03to deliver right so I need to find out
33:06where we are lacking so that only I can
33:08find out when I'm having access to or
33:11transparency to complete distribution
33:14Network so instead of you know providing
33:16these documents manually we can how we
33:19can do this using blockchain technology
33:21so these are temper proof records even
33:23someone wants to do that you cannot do
33:25that because we are using cryptographic
33:27encryption and decentralized consensus
33:30mechanism is there right so anyone
33:32cannot come and you know alter the uh
33:36information so it will enhance your
33:38visibility throughout the supply chain
33:40and when you are having visibility gain
33:42to full information so obviously the
33:45more inform uh your information based
33:49decisions you can make and find out
33:52where the uh errors are happening where
33:55the defects are happening and then in
33:57that way you can streamline the whole
33:59process smart contract already I talked
34:01about whenever the stages are executed
34:04right from first to second obviously the
34:07payment should be executed in that step
34:09only right there should not be any human
34:12intervention to again verify the
34:13document whether we received the exact
34:15quantity why we need to check open every
34:18box and then we need to find out okay we
34:20packed 20 item in this box there are 20
34:23or not why you are counting manually the
34:26weight of the Box itself we can find out
34:28the average weight should be somewhere
34:30in that remit so that means as long as
34:32that weight is there quickly we can
34:34check the weight and then complete box
34:36we can say Okay 20 items are there
34:38inside the box right and it will help
34:40you to reduce cost and delay because
34:43smart contracts are there automatically
34:45executed so once you will set up the
34:48system you need not to you know
34:50interfere in that as long as that
34:52maintenance is not required so it will
34:55keep on performing at the same level so
34:57so another modern concept is big data
35:01analytics and already I talked a little
35:04bit about that we need to track the
35:07patterns Trends correlations when
35:10customer is visiting during weekends
35:12they are coming more right so how I can
35:15get the access to the customer related
35:17information right all those expectations
35:20when when customer is coming to my you
35:23know uh showroom what are the you know
35:26uh expectation in their mind then what
35:28are the information or expectation if
35:31you talk about all other stakeholders
35:33your warehousing partner Transportation
35:36partner what performance matrices they
35:38are generating right where they are
35:41right now how we can improve that what
35:42are the best practices this huge data we
35:45are generating right within supply chain
35:48then we need to find out the outside
35:51world as well right so if you are
35:53operating in some obviously you are not
35:55operating in isolation other competitors
35:57are are also working how they are
35:58renovating their supply chain you need
36:00to get that data right how your uh other
36:04players are you know providing the
36:06enhanced Services value adding Services
36:09then how disruptions can come throughout
36:11the supply chain so that whole data
36:13related to all these you know uh events
36:17happenings you need to track and then
36:19you can take the decision based on that
36:22very small example of warehouse
36:24management even the container right so
36:27how you are designing the packaging if
36:30in this is the packaging size this is
36:32the product we talked about right this
36:34much product you are keeping right these
36:36many products you are so you see this
36:39this space inside that cartoon we are
36:41not using right so that how we can
36:45quickly have the access to our uh robot
36:48system tracking system we can find out
36:51where we are not utilizing the capacity
36:53so that we can ensure and demand
36:55forecasting already big data analytics
36:58we can track the patterns of the
37:00customers their behavior and then we can
37:02find out what what is the demand
37:05function and through big data analytics
37:08we will have more supply chain
37:09visibility we will have more
37:12collaboration because that information
37:13is being shared with all the
37:15stakeholders in that supply chain right
37:18so all are informed obviously they will
37:20take less time to react to anything if
37:23I'm ordering something immediately I'll
37:25get the supply because immediately
37:26information is is being shared right so
37:29risk management will be in proper way
37:31because now we are aware about when the
37:33disruption can happen still we cannot be
37:36100% accurate with the forecasting but
37:38still we can prepare that maybe there is
37:41going to be heavy rain for next three
37:43days how we can mitigate with that kind
37:46of challenge right so those things your
37:48big data will help you to you know
37:50mitigate so uh we'll continue this
37:53discussion uh in the next session so
37:56these are the references uh uh you can
37:58refer for detail study some of the
38:00reports I have included right so uh
38:03that's all from this session thank you
38:05very much

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