Introduction to Chapter 4, Enzymatic inhibitors — Transcript

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1. 0:03hi there and welcome back so far we've
2. 0:06been talking about medications that have
3. 0:08a number of different potential General
4. 0:11actions and we started out by talking
5. 0:13about the medications that had Direct
6. 0:16actions
7. 0:17we moved on to talk about medications
8. 0:21that affected cellular receptors and
9. 0:25when we're talking about the cellular
10. 0:26receptors we broke them down into two
11. 0:30broad different kinds of medications the
12. 0:35agonists which would bind to the
13. 0:37receptor and cause the same action as
14. 0:41the endogenous compound
15. 0:44and we talked about the antagonist which
16. 0:47would bind to the receptor and basically
17. 0:51not allow the endogenous substance or
18. 0:55the natural substance to bind to their
19. 0:57own receptor
20. 0:59right now in this portion of the course
21. 1:02we're going to be talking about the
22. 1:04proton pump inhibitors and when you hear
23. 1:08that word when you hear Inhibitors or an
24. 1:12inhibitor that's going to denote an
25. 1:16enzymatic inhibitor in most instances
26. 1:20and remember that the enzymes are
27. 1:23proteins they're proteins that catalyze
28. 1:26a reaction as a really broad overview
29. 1:29the enzyme that we're inhibiting in this
30. 1:33instance is the one that pumps out
31. 1:36hydrogen ions or acid into the stomach
32. 1:42and then adding a little bit more
33. 1:44information about that but still has a
34. 1:46broad overview
35. 1:47what happens in the stomach the way in
36. 1:51which we get an acidic stomach is to
37. 1:54have a certain cell in the lining of the
38. 1:57stomach secrete hydrogen ions that's the
39. 2:01parietal cell and it actually secretes
40. 2:04the hydrogen ion into the Lumen of the
41. 2:07stomach and then that combines with
42. 2:09chloride anion and that becomes
43. 2:13hydrochloric acid
44. 2:15what we're going to be doing with the
45. 2:17proton pump inhibitor is inhibiting the
46. 2:21enzyme that puts out that acid that puts
47. 2:25out that hydrogen ion into the Lumen of
48. 2:27the stomach but remember that the point
49. 2:30of this chapter is not to just learn
50. 2:33about the proton pump inhibitors we're
51. 2:36going to be using the proton pump
52. 2:39inhibitors to learn more about other
53. 2:42medications and about a number of safety
54. 2:45issues as well you probably don't know
55. 2:48too much about enzymes at this point but
56. 2:50for right now it's enough to know that
57. 2:52they are proteins that are needed for
58. 2:55certain biological processes to occur in
59. 2:58the body and using just that amount of
60. 3:01information and the fact that there are
61. 3:04reversible and irreversible Inhibitors
62. 3:07of enzymes
63. 3:09predict the length of time that
64. 3:11irreversible enzymatic Inhibitors will
65. 3:14be effective in the system
66. 3:17a for the lifetime of the individual or
67. 3:21B it would be variable depending on the
68. 3:25enzymes and the tissues that are
69. 3:27involved
70. 3:31and you are correct if your answer was
71. 3:33that it would be variable depending on
72. 3:35the enzyme and the tissue involved we
73. 3:38will find out much more about this topic
74. 3:40in the coming lessons but the important
75. 3:42thing to understand right now is that an
76. 3:45irreversible enzymatic inhibitor doesn't
77. 3:49mean that we're never going to have that
78. 3:51enzyme again in some cases the inhibitor
79. 3:55will be degraded at that active site or
80. 4:00otherwise the cell will replace the
81. 4:03enzyme that is affected as long as the
82. 4:06cell that contains those enzymes has a
83. 4:10nucleus
84. 4:11remember the nucleus is the place where
85. 4:14we store our DNA and we need that DNA in
86. 4:17order to make new proteins
87. 4:20and this video depicts the first process
88. 4:22that's involved when a cell is replacing
89. 4:25a protein
90. 4:27this occurs in the nucleus of the cell
91. 4:29where we take a copy of the gene from
92. 4:32our DNA that codes for that protein
93. 4:37after we've transcribed that information
94. 4:41from our DNA we can send the information
95. 4:44to another portion of the cell where
96. 4:47it's made into a new protein
97. 4:50and so it's important not to think that
98. 4:53when we irreversibly inhibit an enzyme
99. 4:56we'll never have that enzyme again