Intro to Orthodoxy - Lecture 1 by Fr. John Brown — Transcript
Full transcript
- 0:01hello my name is father
- 0:03john brown i'm a priest at holy
- 0:05transfiguration greek orthodox church in
- 0:08marietta georgia
- 0:09and welcome to the first in a series of
- 0:11classes
- 0:12the series which is entitled
- 0:14introduction to orthodoxy
- 0:16basically it has two purposes the first
- 0:20is to prepare people who are interested
- 0:22in coming into the orthodox church
- 0:24through our parish
- 0:25and so this serves as their their
- 0:28preparation or catechesis uh to enter
- 0:31the orthodox church or even those who
- 0:33may or may not want to come into
- 0:34orthodoxy but are at least interested
- 0:36enough that they want to learn this
- 0:38material with the
- 0:40possibility of coming into the orthodox
- 0:42church
- 0:43but we're also posting this class on the
- 0:46internet so that anyone who is
- 0:47interested in the basics of orthodoxy
- 0:50can watch and and learn something
- 0:53so it's the classes that i've taught in
- 0:57the past
- 0:58are based on this material and
- 1:01some of the people most of the people
- 1:03who take the class are interested in
- 1:04becoming orthodox or making active plans
- 1:06to come into orthodoxy
- 1:08but some are actually people who have
- 1:10been orthodox their entire lives and
- 1:12they just want to refresh your course
- 1:14in their basics of their own faith and
- 1:17so that's the the purpose of this class
- 1:20there will be a series of slides and
- 1:23i will at the end of each presentation
- 1:25give you my email address if you'd like
- 1:27to
- 1:28call or excuse me email me questions
- 1:31that you might have also you'll have an
- 1:33opportunity to react on the
- 1:36website itself under on youtube
- 1:39so welcome to the class and let's get
- 1:42started
- 1:47introduction to orthodoxy by father john
- 1:50brown
- 1:52we'll start with a brief history of the
- 1:53orthodox church
- 1:55more than most other christian
- 1:57confessions orthodoxy has a strong sense
- 1:59of our history
- 2:00even now in this modern world we are
- 2:02constantly and continually
- 2:04drawing from our history being shaped
- 2:06and inspired by it our past
- 2:08especially surrounds us in our
- 2:10congregational worship
- 2:12the architecture of our architecture of
- 2:14our temples is from our past
- 2:16the type and placement of our icons are
- 2:18from our past
- 2:19the prayers and chants of our liturgies
- 2:21are from our past
- 2:22the music is from our past the vestments
- 2:25sensing movements and actions of our
- 2:27clergy are from our past
- 2:29the lighting of candles and the way we
- 2:31make the sign of the cross
- 2:33are from our past we never forget the
- 2:35two thousand
- 2:36years that we came from
- 2:43technically the spiritual roots of
- 2:45orthodoxy orthodox christianity go back
- 2:48much further than two thousand years we
- 2:50draw heavily from our spiritual
- 2:52ancestors
- 2:53in ancient judaism to them god first
- 2:57revealed himself as one bestowed upon
- 3:00them
- 3:00the ten commandments and the rest of the
- 3:02entire old testament god sent them a
- 3:04succession of priests and prophets
- 3:06who rightly worshipped him in the
- 3:09tabernacle
- 3:10and in the temples and in the synagogues
- 3:12god delivered
- 3:13and performed countless miracles for
- 3:15them and repeatedly delivered them
- 3:18from seemingly hopeless bondage their
- 3:20bible became the old
- 3:22testament of the christian bible
- 3:24orthodoxy recognizes and honors our
- 3:26profound
- 3:27hebrew heritage
- 3:30to orthodoxy the greatest contribution
- 3:32of god's old testament
- 3:35people was their role in preparing the
- 3:38way for the messiah jesus christ
- 3:40christianity is all about all about
- 3:42christ
- 3:43his virgin conception birth life of
- 3:46teaching
- 3:47and miracles voluntary crucifixion
- 3:49resurrection from the dead
- 3:51and ascension back into heaven are all
- 3:53central events of human history
- 3:56the liturgy of saint basil the great
- 3:58which
- 3:59which we follow during great lent
- 4:01summarizes christ
- 4:02this way he being the splendor
- 4:07of your glory and the image of your
- 4:08being upholding all things by the word
- 4:11of his power
- 4:12thought it not robbery to be equal with
- 4:14you god and father
- 4:15but being god before all ages he
- 4:17appeared on earth and lived lived with
- 4:19mankind
- 4:20becoming incarnate from a holy virgin he
- 4:22emptied himself
- 4:24taking the form of a servant conforming
- 4:26to the body of our lowliness
- 4:28that he might change us in the likeness
- 4:31of
- 4:31the image of his glory for since through
- 4:34man
- 4:35sin came into the world and through sin
- 4:37death
- 4:38it pleased your only begotten son who is
- 4:41in your bosom god and father
- 4:43born of a woman the holy theotokos and
- 4:45every virgin mary
- 4:46born under the law to condemn sin in his
- 4:49flesh
- 4:50so that those who died in adam may be
- 4:52brought to life
- 4:53in him your christ he lived in this
- 4:56world and gave us precepts of salvation
- 4:58descending into hades to the cross that
- 5:01he might fill
- 5:02fill all things with himself he loosed
- 5:05the bonds of death
- 5:06he rose on the third day having opened a
- 5:08path for all
- 5:09all flesh to the resurrection of the
- 5:12dead
- 5:12since it was not possible that the
- 5:14author of life would become
- 5:16dominated by corruption so he became the
- 5:19first fruits of those who have fallen
- 5:21asleep
- 5:22the firstborn of the dead that he might
- 5:25be himself the first in all things
- 5:27ascending into heaven he sat at the
- 5:29right hand of your majesty on high
- 5:31and he will come to render to each
- 5:33according to his works
- 5:35we will explore
- 5:38in detail each aspect of christ as we
- 5:41progress
- 5:42through this course
- 5:46pentecost the salvation of humanity
- 5:49which was accomplished by christ began
- 5:52shortly
- 5:53after his ascension on the jewish feast
- 5:55of pentecost
- 5:57in which in jerusalem the holy spirit
- 5:59was poured out
- 6:00upon the church which comes from the
- 6:03greek word
- 6:04called out ones this arrival was marked
- 6:08by signs and miracles
- 6:09it was the birth of the christian church
- 6:12with a supernatural power of the holy
- 6:14spirit empowering it
- 6:15the church immediately experienced
- 6:17explosive growth
- 6:18the shock waves of that first
- 6:20pentecostal still are still
- 6:22reverberating to this day
- 6:26before his crucifixion christ had
- 6:28already appointed
- 6:30the leaders of the church that would
- 6:31begin later at pentecost
- 6:34saint peter led the 12 apostles and the
- 6:36word apostle comes from the greek word
- 6:38which means
- 6:38sent ones to establish the first church
- 6:42in jerusalem
- 6:43they also gathered to settle the
- 6:45earliest doctrinal disputes in the
- 6:47church
- 6:49the apostles soon spread out throughout
- 6:51the known world to spread the gospel the
- 6:53word gospel comes from the greek word
- 6:54meaning good news
- 6:56of jesus christ so you can see there in
- 6:58that
- 7:00that map there you can see what was then
- 7:03basically the roman world
- 7:05and how the different apostles
- 7:08fanned out from jerusalem and what and
- 7:11traveled to all these different parts
- 7:13of not only the roman world but als also
- 7:16as far as
- 7:16india and parthia which is today
- 7:19modern-day iran
- 7:22saint peter selected by christ as the
- 7:25first among the apostles his early
- 7:27ministry
- 7:28is recorded in the book of acts he moved
- 7:31to antioch syria and established the
- 7:34church there
- 7:35later he moved to rome he was the first
- 7:38apostle to reside in rome
- 7:40there he wrote two epistles enshrined in
- 7:42the new testament he was martyred by
- 7:44crucifixion
- 7:46between 64 and 68 a.d
- 7:50the apostle paul the original apostles
- 7:54were joined by saint paul
- 7:55before his cursed conversion he was an
- 7:58active persecutor of the christians
- 8:00after his curse conversion he became the
- 8:03leading missionary of christianity
- 8:05his writings comprised more than half of
- 8:07the new testament
- 8:08he traveled throughout the roman world
- 8:10preaching and establishing christian
- 8:12communities
- 8:13and he was martyred in rome as was peter
- 8:17so you see a map here of the
- 8:19mediterranean
- 8:21and you can see all the places the
- 8:23apostle paul traveled
- 8:25and most of the places that he traveled
- 8:27he preached and where he was able to he
- 8:29was able to
- 8:30establish and found new christian
- 8:33churches so you can see what in one
- 8:34lifetime
- 8:36what the apostle paul was managed to
- 8:38accomplish
- 8:39in establishing the early christian
- 8:42church in the first century throughout
- 8:44the
- 8:45mediterranean world
- 8:48the apostle james james being the
- 8:51brother of the lord not the son of
- 8:52zebedee their couple of james's
- 8:54mentioned in the bible so we try to keep
- 8:56them separate and clear
- 8:58of all the disciples only saint james
- 9:01remained in jerusalem
- 9:02where he became its first bishop he is
- 9:05mentioned by saint paul
- 9:06in galatians 1 19 and 2 9.
- 9:10he wrote an epistle that is part of the
- 9:12new testament
- 9:13the jewish historian josephus was his
- 9:15contemporary and mentions
- 9:17saint james's martyrdom the apostle john
- 9:22the apostle john also called the john
- 9:24the evangelist
- 9:26was the youngest of the apostles lived
- 9:28the longest
- 9:29and was the only one who was not
- 9:30martyred he wrote four books
- 9:33in the new testament the gospel that
- 9:35bears his name
- 9:36three epistles in the book of revelation
- 9:39christ
- 9:39entrusted to him the carry care of mary
- 9:42his mother which is recorded in
- 9:44john 19 26 and 27 he preached in asia
- 9:48minor
- 9:49and died and was buried in ephesus all
- 9:51of which is in modern day turkey
- 9:55the apostle andrew he was the brother
- 9:59and fellow fisherman of saint peter he
- 10:01preached
- 10:02in the region of cythia on the northern
- 10:05shore of the black sea in modern-day
- 10:07ukraine and russia
- 10:09establishing numerous churches there he
- 10:12also established a church in the small
- 10:13town of byzantium
- 10:15which would later become constantinople
- 10:17the capital of the eastern roman empire
- 10:20he was martyred in nakaya modern day
- 10:22greece
- 10:25the apostle mark this apostle wrote the
- 10:27gospel
- 10:28that bears his name after the ascension
- 10:31of christ he
- 10:32traveled to egypt to proclaim the gospel
- 10:35he established the church in alexandria
- 10:37a major city in the roman world
- 10:39and became its first bishop he is
- 10:42considered the father of christianity in
- 10:44africa
- 10:45and is honored by orthodox and coptic
- 10:46christians there he was martyred around
- 10:48the year
- 10:4968 a.d the apostle thomas
- 10:54although he is often called doubting
- 10:55thomas for initially doubting christ's
- 10:58resurrection
- 10:58this apostle traveled the greatest
- 11:01distance to preach the gospel
- 11:03he traveled first to parthia which is in
- 11:05modern day iran
- 11:06and then to india he established several
- 11:09christian churches there
- 11:11and is still honored by indian
- 11:13christians as their patron saint
- 11:18towards the end of the first century the
- 11:20apostles were dying off
- 11:22all except for one saint john were
- 11:24martyred but each entrusted leadership
- 11:26of the churches in their area to
- 11:28successors
- 11:29these successors appointed by the
- 11:31apostles were called bishops
- 11:33and the word bishop is an english
- 11:35translation of the greek word
- 11:36episcopy which means overseers
- 11:39we see an example of this handoff of
- 11:42spiritual authority from saint paul to
- 11:44his protege
- 11:45saint timothy do not neglect the gift
- 11:48that is in you
- 11:49which was given to you by prophecy with
- 11:52the laying on of hands of the eldership
- 11:54you also see timothy receiving the
- 11:57being entrusted with the authority of
- 11:59churches under the apostle
- 12:00paul's care in that area paul tells to
- 12:03tells timothy
- 12:05hold fast the pattern of sound words
- 12:07which you have heard from me
- 12:08in faith and love which are in christ
- 12:10jesus
- 12:12the good thing that which was committed
- 12:14to you keep
- 12:15by the holy spirit who dwells in us
- 12:19he also says preach the word be ready in
- 12:22season and out of season
- 12:24convince rebuke exhort with all
- 12:27long-suffering and teaching
- 12:29the apostle peter also wrote about his
- 12:32approaching death
- 12:33and gave parting instructions to his
- 12:35successors
- 12:37yes i think it is right as long as i am
- 12:39in this tent
- 12:40to stir you up by reminding you knowing
- 12:43that shortly i must put off my tent
- 12:45just as our lord jesus christ showed me
- 12:50this faith and practice of the early
- 12:52christians are extensively
- 12:54extensively documented many major
- 12:56figures
- 12:57left a body of writings which give us a
- 12:59valuable glimpse into the
- 13:01church immediately after the apostles
- 13:04they are collectively known
- 13:06also as the apostolic fathers as we
- 13:08begin looking at this
- 13:09the late first and early second century
- 13:12fathers of the church
- 13:13and what they have to teach us about
- 13:14what the early church the earliest
- 13:16church was
- 13:17was like clement
- 13:20clement was bishop of rome lived in
- 13:23approximately 35 to 99 a.d
- 13:26his most important writing is the letter
- 13:28to the corinthians
- 13:30it was probably written while saint john
- 13:32was still alive
- 13:33in this letter he asserts his authority
- 13:35as bishop of rome
- 13:37over the church in corinth that church
- 13:39had deposed their priests
- 13:41and clement demanded that they be
- 13:43reinstated because they were ordained to
- 13:45their office by the apostles
- 13:48another father of that very early time
- 13:50was ignatius
- 13:53the birth of ignatius is unknown
- 13:56tradition holds that he was the little
- 13:58child held by christ
- 13:59in matthew 18 2 and 3 earning him the na
- 14:02the title of god bearer he was ordained
- 14:06bishop of antioch in syria and some
- 14:09early sources say he was ordained
- 14:12to his office by the apostle peter on
- 14:14his way to rome for trial
- 14:16he wrote a series of letters to churches
- 14:19on the christian faith and doctrine
- 14:22his writings emphasized the authority of
- 14:24the bishops over the church
- 14:25by virtue of their succession from the
- 14:27apostles
- 14:29he was martyred in the year 108.
- 14:33polycarp polycarp was a disciple of the
- 14:37apostle john
- 14:38who ordained him as the bishop of smyrna
- 14:40which is now
- 14:41in in modern-day turkey polycarp was a
- 14:44teacher and preacher
- 14:46some of his writings are preserved in
- 14:47quotations of him by his followers
- 14:50he was martyred at around the age of
- 14:52ninety
- 14:53his martyrdom was recorded and well
- 14:55preserved
- 14:57justin martyr lived in of approximately
- 15:01100 to 165 a.d
- 15:04he was a christian philosopher an
- 15:07apologist and by the way the word
- 15:09apologist and theologically means
- 15:11he was one who explained christianity to
- 15:14those who did not understand
- 15:15christianity was not saying i'm sorry
- 15:17for being a christian
- 15:18i want to make that clear he wrote
- 15:20several books the first important being
- 15:22first apology he appealed to roman the
- 15:25roman
- 15:26emperor antoninus to stop persecuting
- 15:28christians
- 15:29he defended christian morals and
- 15:31recognized some
- 15:32of the ancient philosophers as
- 15:34precursors of christianity
- 15:37his martyrdom was witnessed recorded and
- 15:40that witness
- 15:40written record of that still survives
- 15:44irenaeus irenaeus was the bishop of lyon
- 15:48in modern-day france
- 15:49he lived 130 to 202 a.d
- 15:52he was the disciple of polycarp and was
- 15:55a prolific defender of the christian
- 15:56faith against the heresies of his day
- 15:59he wrote a large book titled against
- 16:01heresies
- 16:02which described several varieties of
- 16:04gnosticism the chief opponent to
- 16:06christianity
- 16:08to irenaeus the truest sources of
- 16:11christian truth were the scriptures
- 16:13especially the gospels because they were
- 16:15written by
- 16:16apostles he emphasized that the bishops
- 16:19are the true successors of the apostles
- 16:23we look at the dirac ki the ki is a book
- 16:27whose name comes from the greek word
- 16:29teaching the full title of
- 16:31the book is the teaching of the twelve
- 16:33apostles
- 16:34and is dated between the late 90s to the
- 16:38early 100s a.d
- 16:40it is a guidebook of beliefs and
- 16:42practices in the earliest days of the
- 16:44church and was widely
- 16:45observed at the time
- 16:48we can see the extent of christianity by
- 16:51the end
- 16:52of the second century you can see how it
- 16:55started in
- 16:56basically a small area but it was
- 16:57already growing even in the midst of an
- 16:59era of
- 17:00of persecution so you see everything
- 17:02that is in orange
- 17:04is is an extension of the apostolic
- 17:08extent of the church which is in yellow
- 17:10so the church was growing at the time
- 17:12of the early church apostolic fathers
- 17:17tertullium tertullian lived
- 17:19approximately 155
- 17:20to 240 a.d and was the bishop of nor
- 17:23of carthage north africa he wrote
- 17:26numerous books defending christianity
- 17:28against its persecutors and heretics
- 17:30he is known for cr crafting the early
- 17:33language of the doctrine
- 17:34of the trinity his books on the trinity
- 17:38are immensely valuable later in life he
- 17:41joined
- 17:41a heretical group called the montanists
- 17:43for this reason
- 17:45he is not considered a saint or a father
- 17:47in the church
- 17:49that's why that what you're looking at
- 17:50there on the right is not an icon of him
- 17:52because he's not considered a saint
- 17:55but his works on the trinity were
- 17:57extremely valuable
- 17:59that brings us to carthage of cyprian of
- 18:01carthage
- 18:03like tertullian cyprian was born also in
- 18:06carthage north africa in 200 a.d
- 18:09he became the bishop of that city which
- 18:11underwent a severe wave of persecution
- 18:13by the romans
- 18:14during his episcopate when the person
- 18:17persecution subsided
- 18:20he consulted with the bishop of rome to
- 18:22determine what to do
- 18:23with those christians who had
- 18:24apostasized but now wished to return
- 18:27to the church this is a major issue
- 18:29during the 300-year period
- 18:30period of persecution he opposed groups
- 18:34that were excessively harsh
- 18:35and determined that any baptism in the
- 18:37name of the trinity was valid
- 18:39his roman the roman persecutions resumed
- 18:42and he himself was martyred
- 18:44in the year 258 a.d
- 18:47this brings us to alexander origin of
- 18:50alexandria
- 18:52living between 185 and 254 a.d
- 18:55origen was the premier christian
- 18:57philosopher and
- 18:58biblical scholar of the early church in
- 19:01his book first
- 19:01principles he drew upon greek philosophy
- 19:04to refute heresies and paganism
- 19:06and to advance the doctrine of the
- 19:08trinity he also
- 19:10created the hexapla which arranged the
- 19:13606
- 19:15old testament passages side by side in
- 19:18six
- 19:18languages with scholarly commentary so
- 19:21he was quite an academic
- 19:23and quite a biblical scholar one of the
- 19:25truest
- 19:26biblical scholars of his day
- 19:30athanasius was born in alexandria egypt
- 19:33he was ordained deacon in 321
- 19:35and rose to the position of patriarch of
- 19:37that city
- 19:38he wrote books against early heresies
- 19:41especially
- 19:42arianism when the pro-arians temporarily
- 19:45controlled the empire
- 19:46he was exiled numerous times in the
- 19:49desert he wrote about early monasticism
- 19:51and
- 19:53and teachings on why the incarnation of
- 19:56god
- 19:58was essential to human salvation
- 20:02he participated in the first ecumenical
- 20:05council
- 20:06as a deacon accompanying his bishop
- 20:07alexander of alexandria egypt
- 20:11who was objecting to the theology of one
- 20:13of his presbyters aries
- 20:15athanasius died in 373 a.d
- 20:20cyril of jerusalem was born in 315 a.d
- 20:24the year of his death is unclear he is
- 20:26best known for his catechetical homilies
- 20:28these were used to teach those adults
- 20:31preparing for baptism
- 20:32in the orthodox church they provided
- 20:35extraordinary insight into the faith and
- 20:37practice
- 20:38of the church at the time
- 20:42basil of caesarea also known orthodox is
- 20:44basil the great
- 20:45was born in 330 a.d and kept
- 20:48in the cappadocia region which is in
- 20:50modern-day turkey
- 20:52he was well educated and left a
- 20:54promising career in government
- 20:55to become the bishop of caesarea he was
- 20:58a prolific
- 20:59writer and wrote extensively on the
- 21:01trinity monasticism and against heresies
- 21:04he wrote the liturgy of saint basil
- 21:06which formed the basis
- 21:08of the sunday worship still used in the
- 21:10orthodox church today
- 21:12he died in 379 a.d
- 21:16gregory the theologian sometimes called
- 21:18gregory nazianzus or nazianzin
- 21:21was born in 329 a.d likes in basil he
- 21:24was well educated in philosophy
- 21:26and rhetoric at the university of athens
- 21:29he was ordained a priest and then became
- 21:31bishop of sasima
- 21:32in 372 and he eventually became our
- 21:35archbishop of constantinople he also
- 21:38wrote many books
- 21:39using his rich education to refute
- 21:42heresies
- 21:43and to explain the trinity and the
- 21:44nature of christ
- 21:46his five orations on the holy spirit
- 21:48were used by this ecumenical
- 21:50second ecumenical council which to
- 21:53pronounce that the holy spirit is god he
- 21:56died in 390 a.d
- 21:59john chrysostom you see his dates there
- 22:02347 to 407 407 a.d
- 22:06was the premier teacher excuse me
- 22:08preacher
- 22:09of the early church earning him the
- 22:11title chrysostom greek for the golden
- 22:13mouth
- 22:14he was given a classical education was
- 22:17ordained priest in 386
- 22:20in antioch and rose to the position of
- 22:23archbishop of constantinople
- 22:25he preached to thousands of people at a
- 22:27time most of his sermons survived today
- 22:30he edited edited the liturgy of saint
- 22:33basil to form the liturgy which bears
- 22:34his name
- 22:35the liturgy of saint john chrysostom is
- 22:39the standard liturgy of the orthodox
- 22:41church
- 22:41today since cyril of alexandria
- 22:46was born 375 and died in 444
- 22:50he became the patriarch of alexandria
- 22:52egypt
- 22:53his careful writings on the two natures
- 22:55of christ human and divine
- 22:57united into one person became the
- 22:59standard for the orthodox church ever
- 23:01since
- 23:02he was the prime theologian of the third
- 23:04ecumenical council
- 23:06against the heresy of nestorius
- 23:09now why pay attention to the early
- 23:11church fathers we orthodox do that more
- 23:14than
- 23:14any christian confession i know of we
- 23:17were we're very attuned to
- 23:19the ancientness of our faith or every
- 23:23sincere christian wants to know as much
- 23:25as possible about our lord jesus christ
- 23:28we read the gospels to read the most
- 23:30complete accounts of his life
- 23:32we read the epistles to get the possible
- 23:34understanding
- 23:35of what christ's birth life death and
- 23:38resurrection
- 23:39mean for us we also instinctively know
- 23:43that christ's followers knew him best
- 23:46who knew him better than his apostles
- 23:48who also knew that the apostles wrote
- 23:52we also know that the apostles wrote
- 23:54down only a part of what christ
- 23:56said and did saint john wrote
- 23:59and there are also many other things
- 24:01that jesus did
- 24:03which if they were written one by one i
- 24:05suppose that even the world itself could
- 24:07not contain
- 24:08all the books that would be written
- 24:13if a thousand years from now people
- 24:15wanted to know everything about your
- 24:17life where would they go
- 24:19of course they would start with your own
- 24:21sayings
- 24:22as reported by people who knew you best
- 24:24your parents siblings spouse
- 24:26children aunts uncles and cousins they
- 24:29would lend
- 24:30considerable amount of credibility about
- 24:32your life from the recollections and
- 24:34traditions
- 24:35of the generations that immediately
- 24:37follow you
- 24:38grandchildren and great grandchildren
- 24:40especially when all those recollections
- 24:42and traditions
- 24:43agree in almost everything they would
- 24:46place far less trust
- 24:48and sources that claim to know your life
- 24:51but are writing
- 24:52from fifteen hundred years after you
- 24:54lived
- 24:55they would be especially suspicious of
- 24:57people claiming to know about your life
- 24:59but their claims
- 25:01are radically different from the people
- 25:03who knew you best
- 25:04within a few generations of your life
- 25:08if we truly wish to know as much as
- 25:10possible
- 25:11about christ's teachings then our best
- 25:14source is to go to the writings of the
- 25:16students he taught
- 25:17i.e the gospels and the epistles if we
- 25:20wish to know more about christ beyond
- 25:22the official written biography then our
- 25:25next best source to go to
- 25:26is the students of christ's students and
- 25:29read what they heard
- 25:31then we would want to consult a few the
- 25:34next few generations that followed
- 25:35christ
- 25:37the father fathers of the early church
- 25:39are not raised to the level of scripture
- 25:41but they do offer a very trustworthy
- 25:43record of what christ
- 25:44taught from sources that are in a
- 25:46position to know
- 25:48they are extraordinarily consistent with
- 25:50each other as well as with the new
- 25:52testament
- 25:53the early church fathers are far more
- 25:55reliable sources of christ's teachings
- 25:58than those who claim to know what christ
- 25:59taught fifteen hundred plus
- 26:02years later this is especially true when
- 26:04the claims made from fifteen hundred
- 26:06years later
- 26:07are wildly different from what christ's
- 26:09immediate successors
- 26:11report another reason to pay attention
- 26:14to the early church fathers
- 26:16is their writings are extremely
- 26:17voluminous this may come as a surprise
- 26:19to many people
- 26:20i always thought that as growing up that
- 26:24we didn't really know much about the
- 26:25first few centuries
- 26:26of the the christian church and the
- 26:29writers
- 26:30and the theologians and preachers and
- 26:32teachers of the church
- 26:33when actually the amount of information
- 26:35we have on that era
- 26:37is quite extensive you see here a
- 26:40example of this is a well-known series
- 26:43that anyone could buy
- 26:44it's called the complete anti-nicene and
- 26:47nicene and post nicene early church
- 26:49fathers collection
- 26:51three series 37 volumes 65
- 26:54authors a thousand books 18 000
- 26:58chapters and 16 million words
- 27:01so anyone who wants to investigate and
- 27:03see what the early church was really
- 27:05like
- 27:06both what they believed and what their
- 27:08practices were
- 27:09it's you can go to you can buy this or
- 27:12look it up online
- 27:14in various places and you can see
- 27:16exactly anyone can look for themselves
- 27:17exactly what the early church was like
- 27:20how it was formed what they believed and
- 27:22what they practiced
- 27:25finally the writings of the early church
- 27:26fathers are extremely orthodox
- 27:29everything we believe and practice can
- 27:31be found
- 27:32in the church fathers of the first four
- 27:34centuries
- 27:36the trinity the human and divine natures
- 27:38of christ
- 27:39church government by bishops through
- 27:41apostolic succession
- 27:42liturgical worship baptismal
- 27:44regeneration
- 27:46the real presence of christ and the
- 27:47eucharist confession
- 27:49mary and the saints icons monasticism
- 27:52the canonization of the bible they are
- 27:55all there
- 27:56anyone can read them if they want to we
- 27:58will explore the continuity between the
- 28:00early church fathers
- 28:01and the orthodox church in our next
- 28:04class
- 28:06here is my email address if you have any
- 28:09questions or concerns
- 28:10please feel free to write me if i will
- 28:13make every effort to respond to
- 28:15these emails that i get from you you can
- 28:17also
- 28:18make a comment on the comments section
- 28:21on the youtube website
- 28:23have a blessed day and please join us
- 28:26in following classes on the introduction
- 28:29to orthodoxy
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