Here was the world Hitler planned — Transcript
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- 0:00What if Hitler had actually won the
- 0:02Second World War? Look, I've seen a few
- 0:04videos on this topic and they were all a
- 0:06bit fantastical. More like a dystopian
- 0:09novel instead of a clear-headed look at
- 0:11history. So, this is less Man in the
- 0:14High Castle where Nazis are running the
- 0:16United States, but a much more realistic
- 0:18look at how a few singular events
- 0:21actually could have turned the tide for
- 0:23Hitler and what that subsequent reality
- 0:25might have been. Because Hitler, as he
- 0:28often did, told us exactly what he would
- 0:30have done. He wrote it down in detail
- 0:32with maps. And the real question is
- 0:35whether that world could have held
- 0:36together and what could have stopped it.
- 0:39I'm Ken Lecourt and today's elephant in
- 0:41the room is about understanding a
- 0:42realistic alternative history that we
- 0:45actually could have faced. We'll start
- 0:47with how close he came because the
- 0:49Allied victory wasn't a sure thing.
- 0:52Then, the blueprint he was planning to
- 0:54build on top of a victory. Then, we'll
- 0:56look at some of the problems with the
- 0:58Third Reich and how it may have been
- 1:00built to break. Finally, we'll take a
- 1:02look at the America problem because that
- 1:04stood between Hitler and global
- 1:07domination.
- 1:08So, let's first take a look at how close
- 1:10he came to winning the war. I mean, to
- 1:12our modern thinking, the Nazis were
- 1:14doomed from the start and and the good
- 1:16guys were always going to win. And
- 1:18that's a comforting story, but it's just
- 1:21not true. At the very least, there were
- 1:22at least three moments where a different
- 1:24decision could have given Hitler all of
- 1:26Europe. Take late May 1940. France is
- 1:30falling faster than anyone imagined. The
- 1:32British army is pinned down on the beach
- 1:34at Dunkirk and a serious faction inside
- 1:36their war cabinet is pressing Churchill
- 1:39to cut a deal with Germany. The argument
- 1:41had some merit. I mean, Britain was
- 1:43alone. Their army was trapped and
- 1:45fighting looked like national suicide.
- 1:48If that faction won that argument, the
- 1:50war in the west would have been over
- 1:52before the United States ever showed up.
- 1:55Or September 1940, Battle of Britain.
- 1:57British pilots are dying faster than
- 1:59they could be replaced. Airfields are
- 2:01getting hammered and the whole force is
- 2:03close to breaking. If the RAF collapses,
- 2:06Germany owns the skies over the channel
- 2:09and an invasion of Britain goes from
- 2:10fantasy to something real. Or the winter
- 2:13of 1941 outside Moscow. The German drive
- 2:17on the capital that had moved forward
- 2:19all autumn. In mid-October, the Soviet
- 2:21government panicked and began
- 2:22evacuating. They loaded up files onto
- 2:25trains. Government buildings were wired
- 2:27for demolition. By early December,
- 2:29German reconnaissance units had pushed
- 2:31to the very edge of Moscow. Close enough
- 2:34to see it through field glasses. Like
- 2:36like 15 to 20 miles from the Kremlin.
- 2:38The entire Eastern Front was balanced on
- 2:40a razor. And Hitler, the same man who
- 2:43came that close, he also made mistakes
- 2:45that saved us. He halted his tanks at
- 2:47Dunkirk and let the British army slip
- 2:49away. He invaded the Soviet Union with
- 2:52Britain still in the fight, which every
- 2:54general since Napoleon could have warned
- 2:56him against. And after Pearl Harbor, he
- 2:58was under no obligation to Japan to
- 3:00declare war against the United States,
- 3:03but he did it anyway.
- 3:04Hitler came terrifyingly close to
- 3:07winning Europe. And if he did, what were
- 3:09his plans? Well, here's the blueprint.
- 3:12The historian Gerhard Weinberg, who
- 3:14wrote an outstanding history of the war,
- 3:16explained Hitler's plans in detail. It
- 3:18ran in phases. Phase one was Europe.
- 3:22First, annex Denmark, Norway, Sweden and
- 3:24Finland as fellow Germanic territory.
- 3:27Turn France, Britain and Ireland into
- 3:29controlled puppet states and knock Spain
- 3:32and Portugal down to satellite states.
- 3:34Phase two was the real prize, the East.
- 3:37I mean, this is where it stops being
- 3:39conquest and becomes something else
- 3:41uglier. I mean, not ruling a people, but
- 3:43erasing them. The plan had a name,
- 3:46Generalplan Ost, the master plan for the
- 3:49East. It called for the extermination or
- 3:51deportation of over 30 million people
- 3:54across Poland, the Baltics, Belarus,
- 3:57Ukraine, and stretches of Russia. The
- 3:59percentages are staggering on their own.
- 4:01Over 80% of Poles marked for removal,
- 4:04about 75% of Belarusans. Jews were
- 4:07marked for total extermination. The
- 4:09others, they were to be deported east or
- 4:12worked to death. Slavs, they'd be pushed
- 4:14east into Siberia or kept as slaves.
- 4:17Then Germans would move in and resettle
- 4:19the emptied land. Running right
- 4:21alongside that was the hunger plan,
- 4:23which really gets mentioned and is one
- 4:25of the more chilling things that I've
- 4:27come across in this research. But before
- 4:29we get to that, I want to talk about
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- 5:34so back to the war and Hitler's hunger
- 5:36plan. The architect was an agricultural
- 5:38official named Herbert Backe. And the
- 5:41logic was coldly practical. Germany
- 5:44wanted the food grown in the Soviet
- 5:45breadbasket to feed its own army and
- 5:47people. So, the plan would have diverted
- 5:50that food westward. The planners wrote
- 5:52that number down, 20 to 30 million
- 5:54people in the occupied East were
- 5:56expected to starve to death.
- 5:58I mean, the Nazis understood that going
- 6:00in and it was part of the policy. His
- 6:02model for all this was the United States
- 6:05and he said so explicitly in his
- 6:06writings. In fact, he considered the
- 6:08Slavs he planned to clear off the land
- 6:10to be the new Native Americans.
- 6:13He looked at what European settlers had
- 6:14done in the Americas and he was going to
- 6:16use that as a guide. The resettlement
- 6:18plans got very specific. Crimea was to
- 6:20be cleared and handed to German
- 6:22settlers. Great highways would push East
- 6:25into the conquered land with new German
- 6:27towns strung along the way, all built
- 6:29with slave labor. Phase three was meant
- 6:31to come later.
- 6:32After taking Europe, Hitler expected to
- 6:34claw back Germany's old African colonies
- 6:37and help redraw the continent under Axis
- 6:39control. He was even counting on regimes
- 6:42like apartheid South Africa as
- 6:44sympathetic partners, not enemies. So,
- 6:46the Nazi genocide that we saw killed
- 6:49over 12 million people, but that was
- 6:51only the opening act. The full plan for
- 6:53the East would have stacked tens of
- 6:55millions more on top of that in a
- 6:57deliberate, organized genocide running
- 7:00across the continent. As always with the
- 7:02Nazis, this wasn't a mob of thugs
- 7:04figuring things out as they went along.
- 7:06Heinrich Himmler ran the machine and
- 7:08even had professors design the racial
- 7:10classification systems that would decide
- 7:12who lived, who died, and who became
- 7:15slaves.
- 7:16It was genocide with footnotes. While
- 7:18all this was being planned, Hitler was
- 7:20moving forward with his favorite
- 7:22architect, Albert Speer, on a project
- 7:24they called Germania. It was a total
- 7:27rebuild of Berlin as the capital of the
- 7:28world. The centerpiece was a hall meant
- 7:31to hold 180,000 people with a dome
- 7:34bigger than St. Peter's in Rome and with
- 7:37a triumphal arch big enough to fit the
- 7:39Arc de Triomphe several times over.
- 7:42Their aim was also to reshape religion
- 7:44as well.
- 7:45We tend to picture the Nazis as just
- 7:47being cynical about religion, you know,
- 7:49willing to use the church when it was
- 7:50convenient and ignored otherwise. But
- 7:53they were planning on destroying it as
- 7:55potential opposition. Inside Germany,
- 7:57they even had a name for the halfway
- 7:59step, positive Christianity. It sounded
- 8:02harmless, but in practice, it meant
- 8:04stripping out the parts of the faith
- 8:06that clashed with the Nazi doctrine.
- 8:09Downplaying the divinity of Christ,
- 8:11erasing his Jewishness, minimizing the
- 8:13Old Testament, and tying what was left
- 8:16to the cult of the Führer.
- 8:18It was marketed as a more German
- 8:19Christianity, but the point was to bend
- 8:22the church around the state. Long-term,
- 8:25they wanted Christianity gone from
- 8:27Germany altogether. Now, there's a
- 8:28famous 30-point program for a so-called
- 8:31National Reich Church that gets quoted
- 8:33everywhere. Bibles being replaced by
- 8:35Mein Kampf, crosses replaced by
- 8:37swastikas, but the wartime Gestapo
- 8:40traced it to a single zealot, so it
- 8:42wasn't official policy and the state
- 8:44really never adopted it. But what isn't
- 8:46in doubt is that Alfred Rosenberg, the
- 8:48Nazi Party's main architect on religion,
- 8:51intended to hollow out German
- 8:53Christianity and eventually replace it
- 8:55with something built around blood and
- 8:57nation. Before the war, he'd already
- 8:59been put in charge of the party's
- 9:01philosophical education, which meant
- 9:03shaping the worldview of storm troopers,
- 9:05Hitler Youth, and rank-and-file Nazis.
- 9:08Church leaders in the 1930s saw his rise
- 9:11to power and openly worried that the
- 9:13state had just put an anti-Christian
- 9:15crusader in charge of the nation's soul,
- 9:17and they weren't wrong. And the church
- 9:19was already bending.
- 9:21In 1938, about 90% of Germany's
- 9:24Protestant pastors swore personal oaths
- 9:27of loyalty to Hitler. I mean, the
- 9:28wording was pretty blunt. I swear that I
- 9:30will be loyal and obedient to the Führer
- 9:32of the German Reich and nation, Adolf
- 9:35Hitler, so help me God. So, the regime
- 9:38didn't have to break the church by force
- 9:40because intimidation was already working
- 9:42pretty well. But even if Hitler won on
- 9:44the battlefield, the government he
- 9:46created had some fundamental problems
- 9:48and in many ways was built to break.
- 9:51Start with the money. The Nazi economy
- 9:53was It was a time bomb and the regime
- 9:56knew it. Germany was chronically short
- 9:58of the foreign currency it needed for
- 9:59raw materials, lurching from one
- 10:01exchange crisis to another throughout
- 10:03the 1930s. The rearmament boom, tanks,
- 10:06planes, uniforms, they ran on Mefo
- 10:08bills, government IOUs that were
- 10:11basically printed promises to pay later.
- 10:14Those promises came with a countdown and
- 10:16the maturities were all due between 1939
- 10:18and 1942. So, the war was essential if
- 10:22Hitler wanted to keep dodging the bill
- 10:23collectors. There was a four-year plan
- 10:25that was supposed to make Germany
- 10:27self-sufficient, but it failed. The
- 10:29economy, it ran on conquest. It had to
- 10:32keep swallowing territory to loot the
- 10:34resources, seize gold, grab slave labor.
- 10:37If they stopped conquering, the math
- 10:39collapsed. Now, that said, it wouldn't
- 10:42have collapsed overnight. There was a
- 10:43less accepted view from economists
- 10:45working in Britain in the late 1930s.
- 10:47Thomas Balogh and Claude Gibault, they
- 10:50pushed back on the popular idea that
- 10:52Germany was about to fall apart. In
- 10:54their view, the Nazi system was tougher
- 10:56than the people wanted to believe and it
- 10:58was held together by raw authoritarian
- 11:00control. So, from their point of view, a
- 11:03victorious Germany, it could have limped
- 11:05along a lot longer than we would have
- 11:07like to have thought. But perhaps a more
- 11:08urgent problem for the Third Reich was
- 11:11keeping the conquered under control.
- 11:13Look at Yugoslavia. Germany had to keep
- 11:15over a half million Axis troops just to
- 11:18hold on to the place. And they got
- 11:19vicious about it, as they always did.
- 11:22They had orders to execute 50 to 100
- 11:24civilians for every German soldier
- 11:25killed. Now, that was brutal, but those
- 11:28reprisals, they only increased the
- 11:30resistance because genocide often makes
- 11:33the problem worse. When the only
- 11:35alternative is death,
- 11:37people don't always lie down. They fight
- 11:39because they've got nothing left to
- 11:41lose.
- 11:42Mass murder gives every able-bodied
- 11:44person a reason to pick up a rifle.
- 11:46Doesn't always happen, but sometimes it
- 11:48does. Now, spread that across an entire
- 11:50conquered continent, the ones that are
- 11:52marked for slavery or removal or death,
- 11:55and the Nazis could have been stamping
- 11:57out fires in a lot of places. On top of
- 11:59that mess, they had some serious
- 12:01political infighting, always. The Nazi
- 12:04leadership, it was a pit of vipers even
- 12:06in peacetime.
- 12:08Himmler, Göring, Goebbels, they were
- 12:10always angling for power. A movement
- 12:12built on a single strong man has an
- 12:14obvious problem. Hitler even tried to
- 12:16solve his succession problem as early as
- 12:181941. He signed a formal decree naming
- 12:21Göring as his heir. But 4 years later,
- 12:24he'd stripped him of all those titles
- 12:26and ordered him arrested for treason.
- 12:28Then he did the same thing with Himmler
- 12:30days before his own death. The two men
- 12:32he'd officially designated as his heirs
- 12:34both ended up thrown out before the end.
- 12:37And the problems weren't just internal.
- 12:38On paper, Germany and Japan were
- 12:40partners. They even split the world
- 12:42between them, drawing a line down the
- 12:4470th meridian. Germany claimed
- 12:46everything west of it, Japan everything
- 12:48east. But nobody serious in Berlin
- 12:51thought that those borders would outlast
- 12:52the war. Once Japan had done the dirty
- 12:54work in China and the Pacific, the plan
- 12:56was to turn on them as well. I mean,
- 12:59when you've built a movement based on
- 13:00Aryan racial superiority, the Japanese,
- 13:03well, they just didn't fit that bill.
- 13:05The regime had tried to get around that
- 13:07by slapping the label honorary Aryan on
- 13:09the Japanese and kind of hoping nobody
- 13:11would laugh. And some theorists even
- 13:13went further, tying themselves in knots
- 13:15to argue that the Japanese were an Aryan
- 13:18people of the East who developed
- 13:20independently. But not even Japan was
- 13:22fooled with that stuff. It refused to
- 13:24hand over Jewish communities in its
- 13:26territories. It rejected the Nazi racial
- 13:28doctrine outright, and it ran its own
- 13:31war largely independent of Berlin. A
- 13:33victorious Axis doesn't give you a
- 13:35stable new order. It gives you two tired
- 13:39conquerors eyeing each other across that
- 13:41Meridian, each planning to betray the
- 13:43other. Winning the war wouldn't have
- 13:45ended the wars. It would have just
- 13:46decided who fought whom next.
- 13:49So, look, this is a good time to mention
- 13:51that if I get any serious facts wrong
- 13:52here, let me know in the comments. I'll
- 13:54address it in a pinned comment below.
- 13:56Down there, you'll see sources and
- 13:58research notes as well. All right. So,
- 14:00Hitler kind of thought America was a
- 14:02joke. And he never took seriously the
- 14:05America problem that was going to await
- 14:07him after the war. He called Americans a
- 14:09race of mongrels, and he assumed the
- 14:11country would rot from the inside long
- 14:14before it could ever threaten him. As
- 14:15late as 1944, when American tanks,
- 14:18planes, and men were doing the heavy
- 14:20lifting in Western Europe, Hitler was
- 14:22still more worried about Britain than
- 14:24about the United States. And the
- 14:26economic and military production power
- 14:28of the United States, it was massive. I
- 14:30mean, numbers that were larger than
- 14:32Germany and most of Europe combined. In
- 14:345 years, America produced over 300,000
- 14:37aircraft, 100,000 ships, and millions of
- 14:41vehicles. But, Hitler's contempt came
- 14:43with a theory.
- 14:44America was spiritually weak. In his
- 14:47mind, it was addicted to consumer
- 14:49comforts, divided by immigrants, and
- 14:51corrupted by Jewish influences. He
- 14:53figured that kind of society wouldn't
- 14:55hold up under any kind of a serious
- 14:57stress, and it would eventually tear
- 14:59itself apart on its own.
- 15:01His military planners, though, they
- 15:02weren't so sure, and they had some ideas
- 15:04of their own. One program was nicknamed
- 15:06the America bomber. It was a serious
- 15:09effort to design a long-range aircraft
- 15:11that could fly from Europe, hit New
- 15:13York, and then just not bother coming
- 15:15back. Their V2 rocket scientists, they
- 15:18sketched out a two-stage monster, some
- 15:21called the America rocket. And it was an
- 15:23intercontinental missile meant to lift
- 15:25off in Europe and come down on the East
- 15:27Coast. As an alternative, they even
- 15:30plotted towing rockets across the
- 15:32Atlantic behind submarines if the
- 15:34intercontinental things didn't fly.
- 15:36Every one of those plans was meant to
- 15:37tackle the same problem. Germany just
- 15:40couldn't get an army across the Atlantic
- 15:42Ocean.
- 15:43I mean, even if they could bomb cities,
- 15:45you can't occupy a country that you
- 15:47can't reach with troops. So, that's why
- 15:49most historians think that a post-war
- 15:51reality would have been a sort of
- 15:53permanent Cold War with Nazi-controlled
- 15:56Europe on one side and an isolated and
- 15:58untouchable United States on the other.
- 16:01Now, that standoff probably wouldn't
- 16:03have left America untouched internally
- 16:05though. Because a democracy locked in a
- 16:07permanent Cold War with a continent-size
- 16:10fascist state, that would have instilled
- 16:12fear here. It would have likely been a
- 16:14more extreme version of the Cold War
- 16:16with the Soviet Union. And that kept
- 16:18America with a big military,
- 16:20McCarthyism, and red scares, nuclear
- 16:22drills in schools. Against a more
- 16:24powerful, vicious Nazi regime,
- 16:27America would have been fixated on that
- 16:29threat for as long as it existed. How
- 16:31would that have affected the United
- 16:32States?
- 16:33You know, it's not hard to imagine
- 16:35loyalty oaths turning into loyalty tests
- 16:37or emergency powers becoming more normal
- 16:40powers. And the line between security
- 16:42state and police state getting blurrier
- 16:45every year.
- 16:46Internally, America could have looked
- 16:48like a different country than the one
- 16:50that entered the war. But for a time at
- 16:52least, there would have been an ace that
- 16:54only the United States had.
- 16:56Nuclear weapons.
- 16:57The irony is that German scientists got
- 16:59there first on the pure science.
- 17:02In 1938, German scientists split the
- 17:04atom in Berlin, discovering nuclear
- 17:06fission. Then, they walked away from it.
- 17:09In 1942, Hitler's people told him a bomb
- 17:12wasn't coming in any useful time frame,
- 17:14so the priority dropped. I mean, German
- 17:17teams, they never achieved a sustained
- 17:19chain reaction.
- 17:21They didn't lose the nuclear race as
- 17:22much as just wander away from it. By
- 17:251948, the United States had about 50
- 17:27atomic bombs. Germany, even in a total
- 17:30victory scenario, almost certainly had
- 17:33zero, at least for a while. So, Germany
- 17:35owns the continent, America owns the
- 17:38nuclear bombs.
- 17:39But, would they have used them?
- 17:41Well, as we saw in Japan, and I did a
- 17:42whole video on this, the US military,
- 17:45they didn't have the kind of special
- 17:47moral qualms towards nuclear bombs that
- 17:49we have today. There wasn't a whole lot
- 17:51of debate by Truman or the generals.
- 17:53They were happy to have a big bomb to
- 17:55end the war that was killing Americans,
- 17:57and they used it as soon as they could.
- 17:59The only real variable in this scenario
- 18:01is when Hitler's win happens. If it
- 18:04comes early, before the United States is
- 18:06committed into Europe, there's no war
- 18:08left to end with a bomb, and no reason
- 18:10to use one. If it comes later, after
- 18:12years of fighting and thousands of
- 18:14American deaths, Truman probably uses it
- 18:17the moment he can, the same as he did
- 18:19with Japan. That nuclear advantage,
- 18:21though, doesn't last forever.
- 18:23Once Germany builds its own bombs, the
- 18:25US loses its one-sided leverage, and
- 18:28you're back to a stalemate. I came out
- 18:30of this less sure that the Nazis were
- 18:31doomed, and more sure about how much it
- 18:34mattered. So, a successful Germany in
- 18:36Europe, look, that wasn't going to last
- 18:38a thousand years. It just had too many
- 18:40headwinds and problems within it. So,
- 18:43that Reich would have collapsed at some
- 18:45point, but that could have been 10
- 18:46years. That could have been 50 years.
- 18:48And that gap, that means tens of
- 18:51millions of people dead. So, doomed
- 18:53eventually isn't the same as being
- 18:55stopped the way it was.
- 18:57What we know is that freedom wasn't
- 18:59inevitable. It got chosen by real people
- 19:02in real moments who could have chosen
- 19:03otherwise. And by most reasonable looks
- 19:06at the past, Germany could have won
- 19:08Europe, but America would have been the
- 19:10the to win the century. History has a
- 19:12way of creating questions that sometimes
- 19:14seem obvious until you dig into them
- 19:16deeper. World War II certainly. And so
- 19:19does the modern Middle East. And there
- 19:21one thing I could never understand about
- 19:23the war in Gaza was that despite most of
- 19:25them being forced from their homes, not
- 19:28one Arab country ever offered to take in
- 19:31any of their refugees. In fact, it was
- 19:33very much the opposite. The answer isn't
- 19:35simple. I mean, it has to do with
- 19:37histories in multiple countries over
- 19:39different generations. This video
- 19:41explains that all and I think you might
- 19:43find that interesting.
- 19:44Hey, thank you so much for your time. I
- 19:46hope this look at the past was worth
- 19:48your while. Until next time.
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