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Go Ape - The Fascinating World of Primates | Free Documentary Nature — Transcript

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  1. 0:01[Music]
  2. 0:03everyone loves a cheeky monkey
  3. 0:06playful social and intelligent
  4. 0:09primates are fun and fascinating to
  5. 0:11watch
  6. 0:14but there is a greater draw perhaps
  7. 0:16because they bring out the inner primate
  8. 0:18in us
  9. 0:19[Music]
  10. 0:21[Applause]
  11. 0:26through africa south america
  12. 0:30and asia our wild cousins are far more
  13. 0:33diverse than you might think
  14. 0:35ever adaptable masters of survival
  15. 0:39we enjoy watching their lives but in
  16. 0:41doing so
  17. 0:42we might learn a little bit about
  18. 0:45[Music]
  19. 0:56ourselves
  20. 1:11deep in the heart of africa lives a
  21. 1:13close-knit family
  22. 1:15and today is special
  23. 1:18[Music]
  24. 1:20a new member joins the eastern lowland
  25. 1:23gorilla clan
  26. 1:28[Music]
  27. 1:31like a human baby the tiny primate
  28. 1:34curiously reaches out
  29. 1:36exploring with its hands
  30. 1:40totally dependent on his mother's care
  31. 1:43[Music]
  32. 1:48proud family members gather all eager to
  33. 1:51get a glimpse of their new siblings
  34. 1:57in their society as in ours babies have
  35. 2:00great appeal
  36. 2:02they all want to greet the new arrival
  37. 2:06everyone seems deep in thought
  38. 2:10[Music]
  39. 2:14their faces are almost a reflection of
  40. 2:15our own
  41. 2:17[Music]
  42. 2:20though the troop leader the silverback
  43. 2:22male seems agitated
  44. 2:26it's his job to protect the family and
  45. 2:28they are never more vulnerable
  46. 2:30than with a child
  47. 2:33the leopard a deadly jungle hunter
  48. 2:53huge and powerful gorillas are almost
  49. 2:56impervious to predation
  50. 2:58unless they are very young
  51. 3:05the leopard is a master of stealth
  52. 3:11but the silverback spots its track
  53. 3:22the display threat he advertises his
  54. 3:25immense strength
  55. 3:26a warning to intimidate any foe
  56. 3:30and it works in this way the gentle
  57. 3:34giants can avoid direct conflict most of
  58. 3:36the time
  59. 3:40the biggest of primates he stands as
  60. 3:43tall as a man
  61. 3:44and weighs more than 150 kilograms
  62. 3:47he's truly the king of the jungle
  63. 3:56under his watchful eye the family can
  64. 3:59relax
  65. 4:05it's tiring being the center of
  66. 4:06attention
  67. 4:10the gorilla's kingdom is the dense dark
  68. 4:13tangle of rainforest
  69. 4:14that stretches across much of central
  70. 4:16africa
  71. 4:20this is where our first primate
  72. 4:21ancestors evolved
  73. 4:23and it remains a monkey mecca to this
  74. 4:26day
  75. 4:28the canopy is alive with their calls and
  76. 4:30the patter of their distinctly primate
  77. 4:32pores
  78. 4:35more than 20 species of monkey share the
  79. 4:38gorilla's homeland
  80. 4:41because there are so many living in the
  81. 4:42same area each sports its own unique
  82. 4:45markings
  83. 4:46making it easier to recognize their own
  84. 4:48kind
  85. 4:48[Music]
  86. 4:52the bold black and white of the columbus
  87. 4:54contrasts with the earthy
  88. 4:56browns of agile mangabees
  89. 4:58[Music]
  90. 5:00the moustached monkey and the most
  91. 5:02spectacular
  92. 5:08mandrel
  93. 5:10smaller cousins the drills are not as
  94. 5:12dramatic
  95. 5:14but still watched over by one huge
  96. 5:16dominant male
  97. 5:17[Music]
  98. 5:17[Applause]
  99. 5:20genetics suggest primates appeared just
  100. 5:22before the demise of the dinosaurs
  101. 5:25around 85 million years ago
  102. 5:27[Music]
  103. 5:31though the oldest fossil from northern
  104. 5:33africa is only 55 million years old
  105. 5:38from here they spread around the world
  106. 5:44no one is too sure how primates reached
  107. 5:47south america
  108. 5:48during a time of shift incontinence they
  109. 5:51somehow made it from africa to south
  110. 5:53america
  111. 5:54and here they thrived and diverged
  112. 5:58there are now around 160 species
  113. 6:01again all recognized by an extraordinary
  114. 6:04array of colorful design
  115. 6:07[Music]
  116. 6:10known as the new world monkeys all have
  117. 6:12unique nostrils
  118. 6:13that open to the sides instead of
  119. 6:15straight down like everywhere else
  120. 6:21the tiny species like cotton top
  121. 6:23tamarins
  122. 6:24give an idea of what our earliest
  123. 6:25ancestors might have looked like
  124. 6:30their bird-like chirps allow the group
  125. 6:32to stay in contact
  126. 6:33so that no one gets lost in dense jungle
  127. 6:38having good communication and friends to
  128. 6:41watch your back is very useful
  129. 6:43there are many dangers in the rainforest
  130. 6:51when it comes to voices there is one
  131. 6:53clear champ
  132. 6:55red howler monkeys use their vocal gifts
  133. 6:58to proclaim their territory
  134. 7:00and keep their clan together
  135. 7:12[Applause]
  136. 7:17the new world monkeys made the most of
  137. 7:19their vast new home
  138. 7:21but primates from africa also spread
  139. 7:23throughout europe and asia
  140. 7:33one of the weirdest of our distant
  141. 7:34cousins still lives in the lush
  142. 7:36vegetation of borneo
  143. 7:43this rainforest is home to a very
  144. 7:45unusual and distinctive looking primate
  145. 7:48found here and nowhere else
  146. 7:53[Music]
  147. 7:55the honking hooter is a male proboscis
  148. 7:57monkey
  149. 7:59his gruff calls unite and reassure his
  150. 8:02group
  151. 8:03[Music]
  152. 8:04his harim of half a dozen females and
  153. 8:07their young
  154. 8:07always stay close in the canopy
  155. 8:12to enhance the leader's calls he has the
  156. 8:14biggest nose
  157. 8:16[Music]
  158. 8:19one of his females has an infant just a
  159. 8:22few weeks old
  160. 8:24she's dependent on the bigger male to
  161. 8:26keep her safe
  162. 8:27though he spends most of his time
  163. 8:29munching leaves
  164. 8:34they are not the only primates enjoying
  165. 8:36the canopy
  166. 8:37the long-tailed or crab-eating macaques
  167. 8:40have a broader diet
  168. 8:41than the proboscis and aren't so
  169. 8:43dependent on the trees
  170. 8:45but seem to enjoy the larger monkeys
  171. 8:47company
  172. 8:48though sometimes they seem to enjoy it a
  173. 8:50little too much
  174. 8:54the proboscis spend a lot of time
  175. 8:55grooming each other
  176. 8:57a young macaque watches intently
  177. 9:00[Music]
  178. 9:01she seems fascinated by the little baby
  179. 9:05for the first few months of life the
  180. 9:07baby will cling to its mother's side
  181. 9:10there is a long drop and she doesn't yet
  182. 9:12have the head for heights
  183. 9:23[Music]
  184. 9:26the monkey plucks up the courage to make
  185. 9:28its move
  186. 9:38[Music]
  187. 9:41mum's not keen on passing her baby
  188. 9:43[Music]
  189. 9:48around
  190. 9:50this sort of mixed species interaction
  191. 9:53is extremely rare
  192. 9:54though it has been witnessed in several
  193. 9:56species of primate
  194. 9:58being social is a family trait
  195. 10:04[Music]
  196. 10:07still dad keeps an eye on the would-be
  197. 10:16babysitter
  198. 10:24the macaque tries squeezing itself
  199. 10:26between mother and child
  200. 10:34[Music]
  201. 10:38playtime's over much to the macaques
  202. 10:42[Music]
  203. 10:44dismay
  204. 10:46[Music]
  205. 10:52but this is one persistent primate
  206. 11:00[Music]
  207. 11:05it can be hard living with a monkey on
  208. 11:07your back
  209. 11:15while the big noses of borneo enjoy
  210. 11:17their lush mangrove
  211. 11:18other species have adapted to much more
  212. 11:21arid environments
  213. 11:22[Music]
  214. 11:27bonnet macaques take advantage of the
  215. 11:29buildings of other primates
  216. 11:31which now abandoned offer great shelter
  217. 11:33and a vantage point to look over india's
  218. 11:36hot
  219. 11:36dry forest
  220. 11:42the troop can sleep up here in relative
  221. 11:44safety and warm themselves in the
  222. 11:46morning sun
  223. 11:51this is the perfect time to groom
  224. 11:53combing through one another's fur to
  225. 11:54remove any parasites
  226. 11:57[Music]
  227. 12:01the females hang out together meaning
  228. 12:04their babies have lots of playmates
  229. 12:05their own age
  230. 12:07by playing together they can learn how
  231. 12:09to be monkeys
  232. 12:10climbing and foraging and above all
  233. 12:12learning the complex hierarchy
  234. 12:14governed by communication and body
  235. 12:16language that must be observed
  236. 12:18throughout their lives
  237. 12:22it's thought these societies first
  238. 12:24formed so that groups could better
  239. 12:26protect their resources from the
  240. 12:27competition
  241. 12:29a key step in our own behavioral
  242. 12:31evolution as well
  243. 12:35warmed spruced up and with the babies
  244. 12:37fed
  245. 12:38the troop go in search of breakfast
  246. 12:41the older animals in the troop have a
  247. 12:43spectacular knowledge of their patch
  248. 12:46and know when different foods come into
  249. 12:48season
  250. 12:50as they travel the younger animals will
  251. 12:52learn the ropes
  252. 12:56at the moment the dish of the day is
  253. 12:59jackfruit
  254. 13:02the biggest fruits grow on trees
  255. 13:04jackfruits are packed with sweet
  256. 13:06flesh high in fiber and delicious to us
  257. 13:09as well as our fellow primates
  258. 13:12once they found a ripe fruit the monkeys
  259. 13:15look shifty
  260. 13:16wanting to keep the treasure from their
  261. 13:18neighbors
  262. 13:22they can defend them from other troop
  263. 13:24members but
  264. 13:25some diners are harder to turn away
  265. 13:34[Music]
  266. 13:35they are forced to surrender the table
  267. 13:37to the next customer
  268. 13:40[Music]
  269. 13:40[Applause]
  270. 13:44sloth bears have fiery tempers and
  271. 13:46prefer their own company
  272. 13:48so he sits down to dine alone
  273. 13:57the gang head home to digest what little
  274. 14:00fruit they got
  275. 14:02the macaques are a diverse group of
  276. 14:03monkeys thanks to their adaptability
  277. 14:06they are widespread in asia
  278. 14:10the arid open home of the bonnets
  279. 14:13contrasts with the seasonal forests of
  280. 14:15the japanese macaque
  281. 14:16[Music]
  282. 14:18though they can climb like all monkeys
  283. 14:21the macaques do a lot of foraging on the
  284. 14:23ground
  285. 14:28in true primate style the young are full
  286. 14:31of mischief
  287. 14:36the little ones too small to join in are
  288. 14:39watched over by their mums
  289. 14:44the social status of a mother will be
  290. 14:46handed down to her daughters
  291. 14:48and must be adhered to throughout their
  292. 14:50lives
  293. 14:57higher ranking animals will eat first
  294. 14:59hang out in the best spots
  295. 15:01and mate with the highest ranking males
  296. 15:05there is so much for the little macaques
  297. 15:08to learn
  298. 15:12even at five weeks old he's already
  299. 15:15experimenting with solid foods
  300. 15:17over 200 species of plants can be on the
  301. 15:20menu
  302. 15:21so there's lots to remember
  303. 15:26in another fortnight he'll be wandering
  304. 15:28further from his mother's side
  305. 15:30and will be able to join in the games of
  306. 15:32the other youngsters
  307. 15:36summer on the mountains of japan is a
  308. 15:38time of plenty and the whole family
  309. 15:40seems relaxed
  310. 15:44the central african rainforest sits
  311. 15:46right on the equator
  312. 15:47and stays hot and productive year round
  313. 15:50one reason it's so rich in monkeys
  314. 15:53but in some areas the forest gives way
  315. 15:55to planes
  316. 15:56and right now it's getting hot baboons
  317. 16:00are grassland specialists perhaps the
  318. 16:03most adaptable
  319. 16:04of all primates baboons roamed the
  320. 16:06plains eating everything from
  321. 16:08seeds to young antelope
  322. 16:11baboons have been shown to suffer from
  323. 16:13stress as a result of their complex
  324. 16:15social politics
  325. 16:16but it doesn't seem to dampen the mood
  326. 16:18for their mischievous youngsters
  327. 16:22the communities are based on related
  328. 16:23females who are joined by several
  329. 16:25unrelated males
  330. 16:28big groups are important for survival on
  331. 16:30the dangerous planes
  332. 16:41the impala often hang around the baboons
  333. 16:44making the most of dropped fruit it
  334. 16:47seems like paradise here
  335. 16:53but it has dangers of its own
  336. 16:58this is a three meter toothlined mother
  337. 17:01crocodiles lay their eggs in scooped out
  338. 17:04nests in the sand
  339. 17:06and do their best to stand guard
  340. 17:09there are egg thieves everywhere
  341. 17:12[Music]
  342. 17:15eggs are packed with protein the perfect
  343. 17:18meal
  344. 17:19and the monitor lizards steal as many as
  345. 17:21they can
  346. 17:23[Music]
  347. 17:29the antics give the brainy baboon an
  348. 17:31idea
  349. 17:34[Music]
  350. 17:39[Applause]
  351. 17:43the lizard has already opened the nest
  352. 17:46he just has to wait until the crocodile
  353. 17:48is distracted by the thieves
  354. 17:50[Music]
  355. 17:56and then he makes his move
  356. 18:01[Music]
  357. 18:09other troop members copy his lead
  358. 18:16[Music]
  359. 18:26high risk but high reward though the
  360. 18:29banquet is short-lived
  361. 18:40as the undergrowth gets thicker other
  362. 18:43primates are less worried about their
  363. 18:44next meal
  364. 18:53gorillas are less predatory than baboons
  365. 18:55but why shouldn't they be
  366. 18:57their forest home is a vegetarian's
  367. 18:59paradise
  368. 19:03though they don't spend as much time in
  369. 19:05the trees even the huge silverback is
  370. 19:07capable of reaching the canopy to browse
  371. 19:13the big male needs to eat around 18
  372. 19:15kilos of food per day
  373. 19:18his home range is spread out over six
  374. 19:20kilometers
  375. 19:22so when one patch of leaves gets a bit
  376. 19:24thin
  377. 19:25he'll still have access to fresh grazing
  378. 19:32when the best leaves have been stripped
  379. 19:33from one area they'll simply move to the
  380. 19:36next
  381. 19:37and where he goes the family follows
  382. 19:44the baby gorilla is now hanging out with
  383. 19:46older cousins
  384. 19:47and they follow the silverback wherever
  385. 19:49he goes
  386. 19:52he's a strong leader so perhaps an
  387. 19:54aspirational role model
  388. 19:58like the pied piper of primates
  389. 20:02the troop leaders have a great
  390. 20:04accumulated knowledge of the forest
  391. 20:06something that will rub off on the
  392. 20:08youngsters if they focus
  393. 20:15not surprisingly the rainforest receives
  394. 20:17a lot of rain
  395. 20:18and it fuels a vast network of rivers
  396. 20:21and streams
  397. 20:25as a general rule it's believed that
  398. 20:28many primates don't like getting their
  399. 20:29feet wet
  400. 20:30and gorillas especially are not the best
  401. 20:33swimmers
  402. 20:36[Music]
  403. 20:39but in this habitat the odd paddle is
  404. 20:42hard to avoid
  405. 20:45the little male's lucky he gets a piggy
  406. 20:47back across
  407. 20:48[Music]
  408. 20:53the silverback knows that if they want
  409. 20:55to get to the best food
  410. 20:56they must cross the streams
  411. 21:03[Music]
  412. 21:07boldly the little male tests the water
  413. 21:11[Music]
  414. 21:15older kids take a break from following
  415. 21:17dad to play
  416. 21:21[Music]
  417. 21:29the little male even joins in though he
  418. 21:32does his best
  419. 21:32to avoid a dunking from an older cousin
  420. 21:36[Music]
  421. 21:41not everyone's as comfortable in the
  422. 21:42water holding onto a branch gives little
  423. 21:45security
  424. 21:48so the hydrophobe tries an alternate
  425. 21:53[Music]
  426. 21:56route
  427. 22:08tapping his inner sat nav the silverback
  428. 22:11leads his young followers to a very
  429. 22:13special place
  430. 22:19this clearing has been made and
  431. 22:20maintained by forest elephants
  432. 22:23digging the wet ground to flush out
  433. 22:25minerals their bodies need
  434. 22:29there is not much cover left so the
  435. 22:32gorillas hold back
  436. 22:33making sure the coast is clear
  437. 22:37respectfully they wait until the giants
  438. 22:40leave
  439. 22:43because the elephants keep it clear of
  440. 22:45trees the sun can reach the ground here
  441. 22:48and in the light tasty succulent grasses
  442. 22:52thrive
  443. 22:58the troop fans out to make the most of
  444. 23:00the sun-kissed salad
  445. 23:11it's not long before bellies are bulging
  446. 23:22[Music]
  447. 23:29suddenly one of the females stands
  448. 23:31upright she spotted something
  449. 23:38alarm spreads through the group
  450. 23:48little ones return to their mothers
  451. 23:50ready for a quick escape
  452. 24:05it's the leopard
  453. 24:16but the gorillas keep their cool out in
  454. 24:19the open
  455. 24:20the spotted cat would have little chance
  456. 24:22of stalking up on them
  457. 24:38nonetheless the silverback decides it
  458. 24:40isn't worth the risk
  459. 24:46he summons the troop
  460. 25:00[Music]
  461. 25:07after all the excitement it's siesta
  462. 25:12time
  463. 25:14the silverback has the responsibility of
  464. 25:16leading his group
  465. 25:17and keeping them safe it's tiring work
  466. 25:28though this should be quiet time for the
  467. 25:30troop the young are restless
  468. 25:32[Music]
  469. 25:36the little male gives his mother the
  470. 25:37brush off so he can play with his older
  471. 25:40siblings
  472. 25:52[Music]
  473. 26:08my
  474. 26:13but the big boys play rough and our
  475. 26:15little male soon running back to his
  476. 26:22mother
  477. 26:24gorillas are not the only great apes in
  478. 26:26the jungle
  479. 26:31[Music]
  480. 26:34the paler male that leads this pack is
  481. 26:37not a gentle leader like the silverback
  482. 26:40he gets them to follow his lead through
  483. 26:42bullying and
  484. 26:47[Music]
  485. 26:50beating
  486. 26:57mothers with tiny babies flee when he
  487. 26:59goes on the war path
  488. 27:18uh
  489. 27:32wow
  490. 27:39once he's made his point the mood
  491. 27:41lightens a little
  492. 27:45chimpanzees are our closest living
  493. 27:47relations
  494. 27:49they share more than 94 percent of our
  495. 27:51genes
  496. 27:55this is a community dominated by
  497. 27:57aggressive males
  498. 27:59they can be a quarter heavier than the
  499. 28:00females
  500. 28:03after a fight a good deal of time goes
  501. 28:06into grooming
  502. 28:08it's a chance to kiss and make up or at
  503. 28:10least try and win some favors to keep
  504. 28:12out of trouble in the future
  505. 28:16the young stay close to their mothers
  506. 28:27time for the troop to catch up on some
  507. 28:29needed rest
  508. 28:30most chimps try to get their heads down
  509. 28:32for about nine hours a day
  510. 28:38there is a new baby in the heart of the
  511. 28:40group like humans
  512. 28:42chimps have long maternal periods not
  513. 28:45weaning their offspring until they are
  514. 28:46around four years old
  515. 28:51there is a challenging life ahead for
  516. 28:52this little one a life of violence and
  517. 28:55politics
  518. 28:56but also a close family bonds
  519. 28:59[Music]
  520. 29:09the droop's tyrant leader is a mature
  521. 29:11male
  522. 29:12well into his twenties he's been their
  523. 29:14leader for several years
  524. 29:19the secret of his success lies in his
  525. 29:22allies
  526. 29:23he has a team of henchmen who will back
  527. 29:25him up in a fight
  528. 29:27but beating off rival males is not the
  529. 29:29only threat to his crown
  530. 29:34although the males lead the group they
  531. 29:36have an obligation to the females
  532. 29:38if the females are not happy with the
  533. 29:40food resources they are getting under
  534. 29:42his leadership
  535. 29:43they might oust him which means his role
  536. 29:46in defending their home patch is never
  537. 29:52done
  538. 29:57for all their anger management issues
  539. 30:00chimps
  540. 30:00are undoubtedly among the most socially
  541. 30:02complex of all animals
  542. 30:07they are also undeniably one of the most
  543. 30:09intelligent
  544. 30:11time and time again they showed their
  545. 30:13ability to solve a problem
  546. 30:16in this case bobbing for apples without
  547. 30:18getting their feet wet
  548. 30:32in the mangroves of borneo proboscis
  549. 30:35monkeys take a gentler approach to life
  550. 30:41the dominant male looks bored as he
  551. 30:43surveys his patch
  552. 30:49but he's waiting waiting for the tide to
  553. 30:52go
  554. 30:53out
  555. 30:56as the sea water recedes it exposes the
  556. 31:00tangle of mangrove roots
  557. 31:02but also of fresh shoots growing among
  558. 31:04them
  559. 31:07only exposed twice a day they are a
  560. 31:09treat
  561. 31:10the monkeys wait for
  562. 31:13eagerly they make their descent
  563. 31:28[Music]
  564. 31:29the mother seems concerned and keeps a
  565. 31:31young baby
  566. 31:32out of the way of the stampede
  567. 31:48soon everyone's down and stuffing their
  568. 31:50faces
  569. 31:55their pot bellies are huge fermentation
  570. 31:57tanks to help process their leafy
  571. 32:00diets but to help the male does his best
  572. 32:03to select fresher easier to digest
  573. 32:05leaves and shoots
  574. 32:11it's risky business coming down to earth
  575. 32:13there are more predators
  576. 32:15like large lizards and snakes
  577. 32:19but there is another threat too the
  578. 32:22rising tide
  579. 32:24the monkeys aren't too concerned they
  580. 32:26are good swimmers
  581. 32:30[Music]
  582. 32:37and the male has a simple solution find
  583. 32:40a higher perch no need to get his feet
  584. 32:42wet
  585. 32:43[Music]
  586. 32:55eventually he finds himself surrounded
  587. 32:57by a moat
  588. 33:00one last bite for the road and then it
  589. 33:03really is time to go
  590. 33:12now they'll rest they've got some
  591. 33:14serious digesting to do
  592. 33:18another troop that's not afraid to make
  593. 33:20waves are the japanese macaques
  594. 33:26they'll turn their hand to just about
  595. 33:28any food source
  596. 33:32the gang heads out for a beach party
  597. 33:38the sea washes up all sorts of treasures
  598. 33:40seeds
  599. 33:41seaweeds even shellfish
  600. 33:45[Music]
  601. 33:47and the rocks lining the beaches are
  602. 33:49coated in tasty barnacles
  603. 33:51though trying to pry them off can be
  604. 33:53hell on the teeth
  605. 33:54[Music]
  606. 34:01the trick is to stay just above the
  607. 34:03water line
  608. 34:09[Music]
  609. 34:13others find different ways to enjoy the
  610. 34:18beach
  611. 34:22the macaques eat just about anything
  612. 34:24they can find
  613. 34:38back in the african rainforest another
  614. 34:40primate is on the move
  615. 34:42it looks like a chimp but appearances
  616. 34:46can be deceptive
  617. 34:56these enigmatic animals were long
  618. 34:58considered small chimpanzees
  619. 35:01but are in fact a distant species
  620. 35:04the bonobo
  621. 35:11though superficially the same in
  622. 35:13behavior
  623. 35:14bonobos are the polar opposite of chimps
  624. 35:20chimpanzees settle everything through
  625. 35:22violence
  626. 35:23if there is tension in the group it's
  627. 35:26bound to lead to a fight
  628. 35:30but when bonobos get anxious and tense
  629. 35:33they have a different outlet
  630. 35:35they have sex
  631. 35:36[Music]
  632. 35:42anything goes boys on girls
  633. 35:45boys on boys girls on girls they even
  634. 35:48keep it in the family
  635. 35:50these are the true kings of the swingers
  636. 35:59like humans they are one of few known
  637. 36:02animals to use sex for pleasure
  638. 36:04and not just reproduction
  639. 36:08[Applause]
  640. 36:11while chimps are very male dominated
  641. 36:14bonobos
  642. 36:14have leading ladies
  643. 36:20in this gentle close-knit tactile
  644. 36:22community
  645. 36:23babies are cared for like all the great
  646. 36:26apes
  647. 36:26they take a long time to mature
  648. 36:29[Music]
  649. 36:34though they mostly feed on plants there
  650. 36:36is one trait they have in common with
  651. 36:38their two closest relatives
  652. 36:40the chimps and human beings they eat
  653. 36:43meat and can be surprisingly
  654. 36:46accomplished hunters
  655. 36:50though it's rarely observed they can
  656. 36:52pack hunt to chase
  657. 36:54down and trap mammal prey
  658. 36:59is it coincidence that the fruits they
  659. 37:01drop attract
  660. 37:02deutsche tiny forest antelope
  661. 37:08its every move is carefully monitored
  662. 37:10from above
  663. 37:13[Music]
  664. 37:18appearing casual some members of the
  665. 37:20troop wander quietly into the antelope's
  666. 37:23escape
  667. 37:23path
  668. 37:29and then the trap is sprung
  669. 37:42the deuter could easily outrun an ape
  670. 37:44but it can't out think it
  671. 37:46this time brainpower wins out
  672. 37:54the body is shared around the group
  673. 38:13the rainforest lives up to its name
  674. 38:24rain brings life to the forest but apes
  675. 38:27don't seem to appreciate it
  676. 38:35even the fiery tempered chimps grind to
  677. 38:37halt to sit out the storm
  678. 38:46[Music]
  679. 38:49storms are commonplace across the
  680. 38:50tropics and on the other side of the
  681. 38:52world
  682. 38:53borneo takes a drenching
  683. 39:05more soggy primates curl up to let the
  684. 39:07rain run off
  685. 39:09but in a heavy shower like this it
  686. 39:11doesn't take long to become waterlogged
  687. 39:17there are no towels in the jungle but
  688. 39:19the proboscis have a few moves
  689. 39:29the tropics get monsoon season with
  690. 39:32heavy rain
  691. 39:33but that's about as bad as it gets but
  692. 39:35in other regions
  693. 39:36the seasons can be far more punishing
  694. 39:45summer is a distant memory for the
  695. 39:47japanese macaques
  696. 39:49[Music]
  697. 39:54their mountainous home is draped in snow
  698. 39:56[Music]
  699. 40:01drinking water takes on a different
  700. 40:03appearance
  701. 40:09and now those dexterous hands are used
  702. 40:11to dig for buried vegetation
  703. 40:14[Music]
  704. 40:17no other monkeys have what it takes to
  705. 40:19endure this cold
  706. 40:25their coats have become extra thick to
  707. 40:27shut out the biting wind
  708. 40:38gone are the days of lush green shoots
  709. 40:41now even twigs and bark have to do
  710. 40:48despite the tough conditions the
  711. 40:50youngsters don't lose their sense of
  712. 40:52play
  713. 40:52[Music]
  714. 40:54after a few hours of chilly feeding a
  715. 40:56good snowball fight will warm them up
  716. 41:08[Music]
  717. 41:18uh
  718. 41:23[Music]
  719. 41:32me
  720. 41:35[Music]
  721. 41:40the troop is one other trick to beat the
  722. 41:46cold
  723. 41:49[Music]
  724. 41:53geothermal springs bring hot water
  725. 41:56bubbling up from underground
  726. 42:00a natural spa and the perfect place to
  727. 42:03warm up and relax
  728. 42:08again the rules of hierarchy apply the
  729. 42:11highest ranking monkeys have the best
  730. 42:13spots
  731. 42:14submerged in the hot tub
  732. 42:19lower rankers cling to the edges with
  733. 42:21body parts sticking out in the cold
  734. 42:26like all good saunas this is the place
  735. 42:29for a rub down and a massage
  736. 42:38[Music]
  737. 42:39it's pampering that soaks away the
  738. 42:41hardships of winter
  739. 42:43primate ingenuity at its best
  740. 42:50there is only one other species of
  741. 42:52primate that has moved into the
  742. 42:54temperate regions of the world
  743. 42:56us
  744. 43:00about four million years ago our
  745. 43:03ancestors separated from the other apes
  746. 43:05and around 200 000 years ago the first
  747. 43:09distinctly human creatures appeared
  748. 43:12from africa we went on to colonize the
  749. 43:15globe
  750. 43:16and with profound effects on the
  751. 43:17environment there are now
  752. 43:197.3 billion of us and the numbers
  753. 43:22growing fast
  754. 43:25amazing leaps in culture art and
  755. 43:28technology
  756. 43:29now set us apart from our wild cousins
  757. 43:32but our success comes at a cost
  758. 43:43we need resources to fuel our growth
  759. 44:01forest is being destroyed at more than
  760. 44:0310 million hectares
  761. 44:05per year that combined with hunting
  762. 44:09is pushing primates to the brink
  763. 44:13there are 425 species of primate
  764. 44:16and half of them are endangered
  765. 44:22luckily there are a few but dedicated
  766. 44:24people devoted to saving our wild
  767. 44:26cousins
  768. 44:30some go into the last remnants of
  769. 44:32habitat to survey and study wild
  770. 44:34primates before it's too late
  771. 44:38by building up a comprehensive knowledge
  772. 44:40of how they use their homes
  773. 44:42what they eat and how much space they
  774. 44:44need
  775. 44:45researchers can better lobby to protect
  776. 44:48important areas from development
  777. 44:52hunting and loss of habitat result in
  778. 44:54orphaned animals
  779. 44:56fortunately some find their way to
  780. 44:59rescue centers
  781. 45:00where they can be rehabilitated and
  782. 45:02sometimes even released
  783. 45:05primates clearly respond to human
  784. 45:07kindness
  785. 45:08and the passion of their carers can
  786. 45:10speed them on the road to recovery
  787. 45:12[Music]
  788. 45:14these are western lowland gorillas less
  789. 45:17than 100
  790. 45:18000 still exist so every individual
  791. 45:21counts
  792. 45:22[Music]
  793. 45:25but sharing their facility another kind
  794. 45:28a single female cross river gorilla
  795. 45:32[Music]
  796. 45:36she is especially important she's one of
  797. 45:38less than 300 remaining
  798. 45:41the rarest of apes
  799. 45:46we are losing our wild cousins rapidly
  800. 45:49but the passion and perseverance of
  801. 45:51conservationists
  802. 45:52might just give them a chance
  803. 46:00education is the key the more people who
  804. 46:03know and care about primates
  805. 46:05the better their chances of survival
  806. 46:09learning to live alongside our wild
  807. 46:11family really would be something to
  808. 46:13celebrate
  809. 46:17and it shouldn't be too hard to connect
  810. 46:20after all
  811. 46:21we are not that different
  812. 46:29large brains the use of fire tools and
  813. 46:32language set us apart
  814. 46:42but we still have other traits hands for
  815. 46:45climbing
  816. 46:46great coordination good eyesight all
  817. 46:49things we inherited from them
  818. 46:52all things that now enable us to enjoy
  819. 46:54being human
  820. 47:02[Music]
  821. 47:16and sometimes that means we go ape
  822. 47:22it can feel pretty good to unleash
  823. 47:25our inner monkey
  824. 47:38[Music]
  825. 47:59you

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