Galapagos | Exploring Oceans — Transcript

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1. 0:04of all the islands in the oceans of the
2. 0:07world one group more than any other has
3. 0:10changed the way people look at the
4. 0:11planet and the forces that shape
5. 0:15it the galopus islands the enchanted
6. 0:18Islands the islands of fire located in
7. 0:21the Pacific Ocean about 1,000 kilm
8. 0:24offshore from Ecuador
9. 0:31as a Young Man Charles Darwin visited
10. 0:34there in
11. 0:351835 and was amazed by the creatures he
12. 0:38saw giant
13. 0:40[Music]
14. 0:42tortoises flightless
15. 0:44corat
16. 0:46iguanas all living side by side with fur
17. 0:49seals and Penguins right on the
18. 0:52equator it became his laboratory for the
19. 0:54study of the origins of life
20. 0:59[Music]
21. 1:03what Darwin did not see were the gpus
22. 1:06islands
23. 1:11underwater if you fly over them you can
24. 1:14see 19 big islands and dozens of Rocky
25. 1:17eyelets projecting above the water
26. 1:23[Music]
27. 1:27surface but if you could hitch a ride on
28. 1:30a turtle or a whale or could imagine
29. 1:32draining away the surrounding Pacific
30. 1:34Ocean you would see the real galopus
31. 1:37Islands a chain of undersea mountains a
32. 1:40submerged archipelago that stretches for
33. 1:43hundreds of miles and hosts a lively
34. 1:46assemblage of underwater plants and
35. 1:48animals including many that live there
36. 1:51and only
37. 1:57there deep cold ocean currents conver
38. 2:00under the equatorial Sun a natural
39. 2:02living laboratory on the land and in the
40. 2:05surrounding
41. 2:09sea in
42. 2:101977 Northeast of the gpus islands and
43. 2:13about 2,000 M down scientists discovered
44. 2:16hot water vents connected to the core of
45. 2:19the earth a discovery that brought
46. 2:21radical new insight into how the world
47. 2:23is
48. 2:24formed amazingly the hydrothermal vent
49. 2:27supported a food chain not dependent on
50. 2:30the energy of the Sun but on chemical
51. 2:32energy from the heart of the earth
52. 2:35specifically hydrogen
53. 2:38sulfide microbes gather near the vents
54. 2:41on the sea Flor and feed off the warm
55. 2:43mineral Rich water welling up from the
56. 2:45Earth's
57. 2:46mantle the microbes thrive in the Deep
58. 2:49Blackness of the sea surrounded by
59. 2:51creatures that in turn feed off them
60. 2:54dozens of small medium and rather large
61. 2:57creatures not previously known to ex
62. 3:02[Music]
63. 3:06exist when Darwin arrived on the
64. 3:08galopagos no people lived on the islands
65. 3:11but Whalers and Pirates had already
66. 3:12depleted the tortoises Turtles and many
67. 3:15of the birds that had no fear of humans
68. 3:17and could easily be picked up and
69. 3:25eaten by the 1960s a few thousand people
70. 3:29had settled there and efforts were
71. 3:31underway to protect the nature of the
72. 3:32islands as something important not only
73. 3:35to the people of Ecuador but to the
74. 3:37world the land and surrounding ocean are
75. 3:40now recognized as world heritage sites
76. 3:43and 97% of the land above the ocean
77. 3:45surface is protected as a national
78. 3:48[Music]
79. 3:53park in 1998 some of the surrounding sea
80. 3:57was also designated as a Marine reserve
81. 4:00for the pressures from the now 30,000
82. 4:02residents and more than 100,000 annual
83. 4:06visitors and an international market for
84. 4:08its Marine Wildlife for causing problems
85. 4:11for all of the creatures on the islands
86. 4:14including its
87. 4:25people there's still a chance here to
88. 4:28Glimpse the past and to plan a future
89. 4:31where people can find ways to take care
90. 4:33of the natural world that takes care of
91. 4:36us