External Iliac Artery Scheme (Course, Branches) | Anatomy — Transcript

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1. 0:00Alright so this video’s gonna be about the Common  Iliac and the External Iliac Artery. And then the
2. 0:05next video will be about the internal iliac artery  along with some tips on how to remember it easier.
3. 0:10So, as you know, the abdominal aorta will  continue downwards to the 4th Lumbar vertebrae
4. 0:16approximately, then then it’ll divide into What is called the Common Iliac arteries.
5. 0:21They’ll continue to approximately the Sacroiliac joint, and then
6. 0:26Further divide into the External Iliac,  and the Internal Iliac arteries. Now,
7. 0:31Let’s make a cross section and look  at them both from this perspective
8. 0:34To visualize them easier. Now from  here we can finally focus on the
9. 0:38External Iliac artery. Let’s first go through  some important structures it goes through
10. 0:43You’re probably already familiar with  these ligaments, but the inguinal ligament,
11. 0:47together with the Iliopctineal arch, the  pectineal ligament and the Lacunar ligament
12. 0:52will form two important canals. I’ll give you a  head start, what were these two canals called?
13. 0:58Muscular and the vascular space, or in  latin Lacuna Vasorum and Lacuna Msuculorum
14. 1:05The external Iliac artery will run along  the terminal line of the pelvic bone,
15. 1:10and then eventually Go through the Vascular Space where
16. 1:14it’ll become the Femoral Artery, which is going to  be the main blood supply to the lower extermities.
17. 1:18Now let’s go through the side branches.  There’s really only gonna be two side
18. 1:23branches of the external iliac artery. The first one is the Deep circumflex artery.
19. 1:28This one arises from the distal end of the  external iliac as you see here. From its origin,
20. 1:33it travels along the inguinal ligament and the  iliac crest to supply the abdominal muscles and
21. 1:39the anterior muscles of the pelvic girdle  like the psoas major and minor for example.
22. 1:45The other branch of the external Iliac is the  Inferior Epigastric artery, which supplies the
23. 1:50anterior wall of the abdominal cavity, and form  a fold as it ascends so let’s look at how that
24. 1:57Works. So here’s basically  the anterior abdominal wall
25. 2:01With the Rectus Abdominis muscle here The urinary bladder here
26. 2:05The prostate And the navel. And then
27. 2:07Here on the side you’ll see a fold called the  lateral umbilical fold, or plicae umbilicalis
28. 2:12lateralis in latin. And the reason why I’m showing  you this is because the inferior epigastric artery
29. 2:19will travel within this layer and then eventually  commiunicate with the superior epigastric artery.
30. 2:35So remember the Subclavian artery give off
31. 2:38a large side branch called the internal thoracic  artery, which descends along the thoracic wall,
32. 2:44and then at around the 7th rib it divides into the muscurophrenic, and the superior epigastric artery
33. 2:52So here you see the internal thoracic  ascending along the anterior abdominal wall
34. 2:57to anastomose with the superior epigastric artery. Now – The inferior epigastric has two side
35. 3:04branches. One of them is common in both  male and female. This one is called the
36. 3:09Pubic branch. Now the pubic branch will run  along the internal surface of the pubic bone,
37. 3:15and connect with another pubic branch  of the internal iliac artery so let’s
38. 3:19look a little bit into That. Here you see the
39. 3:22External and the Internal Iliac arteries. The External Iliac give off the inferior epigastric,
40. 3:28while the internal iliac give off The obturator artery.
41. 3:32Both of them have a side branch called The Pubic branch,
42. 3:36and when they connect they get the name Corona Mortis. The term ‘’Corona Mortis’’
43. 3:41translates as ‘’Crown of death’’, indicating  the importance of this structure in orthopedic
44. 3:47surgery. Accidental damage to this structure  can cause significant hemorraging hich may
45. 3:53be difficult to then achieve hemostasis. It must  therefore be considered cautiously furing surgery.
46. 4:02Now; The other branch
47. 4:04is found only in males, and this one is the Cremasteric artery. It travels alogn
48. 4:09the inguinal canal to supply A muscle called the cremasteric
49. 4:12muscle found around the testis. Now if you’re a  male, you’re probably very aware of the function
50. 4:18of this muscle. The cremaster muscle's function is  to raise and lower the testes in order to regulate
51. 4:24scrotal temperature for optimal spermatogenesis  and survival of the resultant spermatozoa.
52. 4:32The other artery is found only in female, and  this one is the artery of the round ligament,
53. 4:38or a. Lig. Latum uteri supplying a  ligmant called the round ligament
54. 4:43Of the uterus. It’s a large ligament Highlighted here. The function of the round
55. 4:50ligament is maintenance of the anteflexion  of the uterus (a position where the fundus
56. 4:56of the uterus is turned forward at the  junction of cervix and vagina as you see
57. 5:02here). When the uterus grows during pregnancy,  the round ligaments can stretch causing pain,
58. 5:09but essentially this ligament is important  to keep the natural position of the uterus.
59. 5:14So that’s All I had for the
60. 5:17external iliac artery. As long as you remember  these two side branches you more or less got
61. 5:22a grasp of the external iliac. Next let’s do the Internal Iliac