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Every Race Explained by an Anthropologist* — Transcript

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0:00What is race? What is a human race?
0:03Well, broadly, as it's commonly
0:04understood, it's a grouping of human
0:06beings. The problem with the term race
0:08is that it is broad, generic, and
0:10includes many different fields of
0:13knowledge and differentiation. A race
0:15could be defined genetically,
0:16linguistically, ethnically,
0:18geographically, or as is especially
0:21common in America, physically and
0:23visually by how you look. But if you
0:25want to be precise, how someone looks
0:27and how that relates to their genetic
0:28ancestry and heritage and their
0:30collective ethnic belonging would not
0:32fall under the term race. But if you
0:34study the science of physical
0:35anthropology would be better called
0:37phenotype, the technical term for the
0:39physical expression of our genetic
0:41ancestry and heritage. Over the years,
0:42anthropologists have identified many
0:44hundreds of human phenotypes, but they
0:46can be grouped together into 38 main
0:48phenotype categories or races. Each of
0:51these races possesses [music] distinct
0:53physical characteristics based mostly on
0:55their adaptation to a particular
0:57climate. So today we're going to take a
0:59look at every race of humans and learn
1:01their history, identity, and what makes
1:02them special and unique. Let's start off
1:04with one of the most iconic and visually
1:06distinct human races, the Nordic race.
1:09These people are found mostly in
1:10northern and western Europe, especially
1:12Germanic countries. They tend to be tall
1:14with large long and narrow heads and
1:17most iconically very pale pigmentation,
1:20light pale skin, light blonde or red
1:22hair and light blue or green eyes. The
1:25reason for this depigmentation is that
1:27this race has adapted to the cloudy
1:29climate and long dark winters of
1:31northern and western Europe. And this
1:33lack of pigment or melanin helps them to
1:35better absorb sunlight and create
1:37vitamin D. If we stay in Northern Europe
1:39but move eastward, we come to the Baltic
1:42race which is most common throughout
1:44Eastern Europe, especially among
1:45speakers of Slavic, Finnick and Baltic
1:48languages. Now since they inhabit a
1:50similarly dark, cold and cloudy area,
1:52they are also quite pale and depigmented
1:55like the Nordic type. But unlike the
1:57Nordic type, they are more especially
1:59cold adapted. Because while western and
2:01northern Europe is moderately cold but
2:03has milder temperatures, warmer summers,
2:05the Eastern European plane is very cold,
2:08very windy. So we find that the Baltic
2:10race possesses a lot of physical
2:11characteristics that are very common in
2:13cold adapted populations, short, stocky
2:16bodies, proportionately smaller limbs,
2:18and broad short heads with flat faces.
2:20All of these are adaptations to reduce
2:22surface area in order to stay warmer in
2:25colder climates. You see this not just
2:26in human beings, but also in animals
2:28that are adapted to colder climates.
2:30North of both the Nordic and the
2:31Baltics, all the way at the tippy top of
2:33Europe in northern Scandinavia, you find
2:35another very cold adapted race with a
2:38lot of similar features to the Baltic
2:39race, which is the lapid race. They look
2:42somewhat similar to Baltic people. In
2:44the past, anthropologists thought that
2:45the Baltic race came from a mixing of
2:47the lapid race and the Nordic race. But
2:49nowadays, this seems not to be the case.
2:51This type is most common among the Sami
2:53people of northern Scandinavia and
2:55northern Finland. And like I said, they
2:57look similar to Baltic people with
2:59short, stocky bodies, broad flat faces,
3:01but instead of having blonde hair, they
3:03more often have dark black hair. Now, if
3:05you go from the very north of Europe to
3:07the opposite end to the very south of
3:09Europe, we find one of the most common
3:10European phenotypes, my own phenotype,
3:12the Mediterranean race. This race is
3:15found all around the Mediterranean from
3:17southern Europe to North Africa and even
3:19somewhat into the Middle East and the
3:20Levant. These people are adapted to the
3:22warm and sunny Mediterranean coast and
3:25as such have darker skin and darker
3:27pigmentation in order to protect
3:28themselves from the sunlight and they
3:30also have softer and more gray features
3:32because they are adapted to a more
3:34lowintensity low energy agricultural
3:37lifestyle. In fact, this phenotype was
3:39the one among the earliest
3:41agriculturalists that we find in
3:43prehistoric Palestine, the Nufians. And
3:45so this phenotype can be said to be the
3:47one that first created civilization, at
3:49least in Western Eurasia. Like the
3:51Nordic race, they also possess longer
3:53and narrower skulls, but theirs tend to
3:55be a bit smaller and less robust and
3:58beefy than Nordic skulls. Now, if we go
4:00north to the middle of Europe to central
4:02Europe up in the Alpine Mountains, we
4:04find of course the Alpine race or the
4:06alpine phenotype. Like Mediterranean,
4:08the Alpenids are also adapted to a
4:10low-intensity farming lifestyle. But
4:12like the Baltic people, they are also
4:14adapted to a colder environment. Instead
4:16of a colder northern environment, it's a
4:17colder mountain environment. So they
4:19have the dark hair and softer, more
4:21grays features of Mediterranean, but
4:22they also have the broad and short
4:24skulls and short stocky bodies of the
4:26Baltic type. And specifically with the
4:28pigmentation, they tend to have darker
4:29hair, but lighter skin and eyes. And
4:32this type can be found throughout the
4:33highlands of all of central Europe,
4:35northern Italy, southern Germany, and
4:37throughout France especially. But
4:38another type can be found oftentimes
4:40cohabitating side by side with alpinids
4:42in the mountains of century Europe and
4:44especially in Eastern Europe down into
4:46the Balkans which is the dinaric race.
4:48The dinaric race is named after the
4:50dinoric Alps of Croatia. As such like I
4:52mentioned you can find it most commonly
4:54in the Balkans especially among people
4:56like Albanians and Serbs. Like alpinids
4:58they have short and broad skulls that
4:59are flatter on the back very much.
5:01Unlike alpinids, they are tall, lanky,
5:04and strongbodied with very long and
5:06straight noses in contrast to an
5:07alpenids more short and upturned nose.
5:10They tend to be a bit sworthier, more
5:11like Mediterranean. And some
5:12anthropologists in history actually
5:14believe that the dinar type came about
5:16as a hybrid between alpanids and
5:18Mediterranean. They also believe this
5:20was the case for a similar type that
5:22serves as the Asian or Middle Eastern
5:24counterpart to the European dinard,
5:26which is the Armeninoid type. Most
5:28common as the name suggests among
5:29Armenians but also very common among
5:32Turks, Kurds, Georgians and many people
5:35throughout the Middle East. These people
5:37are adapted to settled farming on the
5:39mountains. So of course like alpine they
5:41are short, stocky, have short and broad
5:43skulls but they have the long prominent
5:45nose of the dinar type as well as
5:47similar sworthy pigmentation. They also
5:50tend to be quite hairy. If we keep going
5:52south from there, down from the
5:54mountains of Anatolia, the Cauasus down
5:56into the deserts of Arabia, we find the
5:59other main type of the Middle East,
6:00[music] which is the Orientalid type.
6:03This race of people is very similar to
6:05Mediterranean, but has stronger desert
6:07adaptations. Sworthier, darker skin in
6:10order to better protect them from the
6:11hot desert sun, tall, thin, lanky
6:14bodies, and long, narrow skulls in order
6:16to better offput heat, and long
6:18prominent noses. Now, if we go down from
6:20Arabia and cross the Red Sea into East
6:22Africa, we find a type that is often
6:25thought of as typically African, but
6:28it's actually historically, genetically,
6:29and physically a lot closer to these
6:31more Caucasian groups from the Middle
6:33East and Europe. This is, of course, the
6:35Ethiopia type, most common among
6:37Ethiopians, Somali, and other peoples of
6:39the Horn of Africa. However, it can also
6:41be found all throughout Africa, as this
6:43seems to be actually a pretty ancient
6:45type that has left its remnants all
6:47throughout the African continent. This
6:49type appeared to have come about from
6:51cacazoid people. So Eurasian Middle
6:53Eastern type people who at some point
6:55during prehistory actually migrated back
6:57into Africa through the Middle East.
7:00This would explain why Ethiopians and
7:01Somali both speak languages within the
7:03Afroasiatic language family which is the
7:06same language family that includes the
7:07Semitic languages of the Arabs and the
7:09language of the similarly Orientalid or
7:12Mediterranean ancient Egyptians. In many
7:14respects, these people look very similar
7:16to Orientalids. tall, thin, and lanky
7:19with long and narrow skulls and
7:21prominent thin noses. But unlike them,
7:23because they live in a much hotter and
7:25more humid African climate, they have
7:27much darker skin, darker curly hair, and
7:30fuller lips. And these are all
7:31adaptations that help them to better
7:33live in such a climate. They share these
7:35adaptations with most of the people of
7:37subsaharan Africa. One of the most
7:39typical African types and the one we
7:41might think of first when we think of an
7:43African person or the black race would
7:45be the banttoype. Most common of course
7:47among speakers of Bantto languages all
7:49throughout central, western, eastern and
7:52southern Africa. More so in the savas
7:54and plains than in the jungles and
7:56forests. These people are similarly dark
7:58with full lips and curly hair. But
8:00unlike Ethiopians, they are shorter,
8:02have broader heads, and have more
8:04bulbous and fleshy features, especially
8:06much broader noses, which are more
8:08efficient at breathing in warm tropical
8:10air. Whereas longer and narrower noses
8:12are more advantageous in a dry desert
8:15climate. Now, if you go to the very
8:17southern tip of the Banttoid range down
8:19in South Africa proper, you find many
8:22groups that are a mix between bantoid
8:24and the two indigenous races of South
8:26Africa, the Hoy and Sanids.
8:28Historically, the hoyods and sanids were
8:30lumped together into one hoisen group.
8:33But now that term is not used as much
8:36because it turns out their languages,
8:38even though they both use click sounds,
8:40cannot really be proven to be that
8:42closely related such that they may be
8:44put into one linguistic family. So
8:46people don't really say hoyan anymore.
8:47However, physically and in terms of
8:49phenotype, the hoy and the sand are
8:51quite similar. They both have a very
8:53distinct look because they belong to one
8:55of the most ancient races in the world.
8:57It seems like these were the original
8:59Paleolithic inhabitants of most of
9:01Africa before the Bantau people being
9:04agriculturalists started spreading out
9:06from West Africa and then exterminated
9:08and replaced all of the indigenous Hoyen
9:10people from most of central, eastern,
9:12and southern Africa. While Hoyen people
9:14do share some climatic adaptations with
9:16what we typically think of as black
9:18people, especially the curly hair, they
9:20have many other distinct features. Their
9:22skin is not dark brown. It's more of a
9:24deep yellow. They have thinner lips,
9:27deep set hooded eyes that look almost
9:29Asian, and short, skinny bodies, with
9:32the exception of a lot of their women,
9:33many of whom have stereotypia, a fancy
9:36scientific term for junk in the trunk.
9:38The Dutch were fascinated by this when
9:41they first found them. And they snatched
9:43many of these poor Hoisen women up and
9:45put them on tour throughout Europe. And
9:47just to differentiate real quick, the
9:48Hoy are more agriculturalists, farmers,
9:51cattle herders. The San are classic
9:53hunter gatherers. Yep. real paleolithic
9:56hunter gatherers. They're still out
9:57there in South Africa. But the Hoyen
9:59were not the only pre-Bantto race that
10:01was pushed out to the margins and almost
10:03exterminated by the genocidal bantto
10:05expansion that started around 2,000
10:07years ago. Another group was the
10:09bambooed phenotype, a group that is more
10:11commonly referred to as African pygmies.
10:14These people are found deep in the
10:15jungles of central Africa. And many
10:17people mistakenly think that these are
10:19simply bantto type black African people
10:22who just adapted to jungle life by
10:24getting shorter and smaller. But this is
10:26not actually true. Ever since Europeans
10:28discovered the bambooed pygmy peoples of
10:30central Africa, they noticed that these
10:32dimminionive hunter gatherers possessed
10:34distinct physical differences from the
10:36neighboring bantto agriculturalists. And
10:38they theorized that they were a distinct
10:39paleolithic race that had been pushed
10:42out and somewhat intermixed with the
10:43[music] banttos. And now modern genetic
10:45evidence has borne this out. The last
10:47marginalized minority race that we find
10:50in Africa goes a bit north of the bamboo
10:53tids out of the jungles into the savas,
10:55swamps and deserts of East Africa.
10:58Neighboring the Ethiopsids, we find the
11:00Nilotted race. This is an East African
11:02race. Typically they are pastoralists
11:04like the hoisen and the pygmies. They
11:06have a very ancient haplo group. Hoyen
11:09and pygmies have ha group A. Notted have
11:11haplo group B which makes them one of
11:13the most ancient races out there and
11:15this is the single most heat adapted
11:18race of people in the world and you
11:20would know it by looking at them. They
11:21are extraordinarily tall. Many of them
11:24get up to 7 ft or taller. They are all
11:26thin and lanky so as to increase surface
11:29area and better offput heat. And in
11:31order to resist the harsh sunlight, they
11:33are so dark as to be almost pitch or
11:36even blue black. Not just brown or dark
11:38brown like many of the people we call
11:40black like actually black. A similarly
11:43heat adapted but less extreme example
11:46would be the much more common Sudan type
11:48found all throughout the area south of
11:51the Sahara Desert in what is known as
11:52the Sahel which is that savannah belt
11:55that borders the Sahara Desert to the
11:57south. This right here is what we
11:59probably think of when we hear the term
12:02black person. This is the archetypal
12:04black or historically negro phenotype.
12:07Dark brown or even close to black skin,
12:10long and narrow skulls, tall thin bodies
12:13with long limbs, curly or even kinky
12:15hair, full lips, and broad noses. The
12:17whole package. This is the classic
12:19African look that is ideal for such a
12:21savannah environment. The last race of
12:23Africa is another common one found in
12:25West and Central Africa, especially in
12:26the forest and jungles. It's an
12:28agriculturalist type known as the
12:30congalid race. This race has many
12:32varieties. It's similar to the Sudan,
12:34but less adapted for extreme heat and
12:36sunlight. As a result, they have
12:37slightly lighter skin. This is more of a
12:39light-skinned type. They also tend to be
12:41less tall and lanky. They can be a bit
12:44more short and stocky and have softer
12:46features and broader skulls, somewhat
12:48converging with bantoids in certain
12:50areas. Now, although Africa is iconic
12:52for its pygmy people, they are not the
12:54only race of dimminionive Paleolithic
12:57hunter gatherers hiding out in the
12:59jungles. You can find a very similar
13:01group if you go deep into the jungles of
13:04Sri Lanka among the Vetta people who are
13:06the last remnants of the ancient vetted
13:09race. This is one of the most ancient
13:11populations of South Asia and even the
13:14Middle East and you find intermixed
13:16remnants of this ancient race all
13:18throughout India and even in the Middle
13:20East especially in Yemen and Oman and on
13:23their border region the green burdened
13:25Hadramut territory. The pureb blood
13:27vetteds are short and skinny with
13:29reddish brown skin and long and narrow
13:31but low skulls. Oftentimes they even
13:34look a little Native American which
13:36really makes you think. Now of course
13:37the vetted influence pales in comparison
13:40to the dominant type of India, the Indid
13:42phenotype which is the most common
13:44phenotype of northern and central India.
13:47This race being extremely populous, it's
13:49the most common type in India which has
13:51a ton of people in it is highly
13:53variable. They have differing skull
13:55shapes, heights, body builds. Punjabis
13:58are more northended. They're taller,
14:00have narrower faces, longer noses.
14:01Whereas Gujaratis are more short and
14:04stocky. They have broader heads.
14:06Bengalis have a little bit of East Asian
14:08mixed in with them. They have narrower
14:09eyes. But the overarching commonality is
14:12that they tend to be quite gray, have
14:15sworthier skin, dark hair, dark eyes,
14:18look very Mediterranean, but more soft,
14:20more gray, a little more tropical
14:21adapted. This type first emerged when
14:23racially Mediterranean Indo-Uropean
14:25pastoralists and conquerors moved in
14:27from Ukraine and Iran and mixed in with
14:30the indigenous people of India who at
14:32that time were no longer even vetted
14:33hunter gatherers but actually the
14:35agriculturalists of the pre-arran indis
14:38river valley civilization who most
14:39likely had the Indoalanid phenotype. We
14:42know this because the Indomalanid
14:44phenotype which is the main phenotype of
14:46southern India is most common among
14:48speakers of Dravidian languages which is
14:50most likely the language that the Indis
14:51River Valley civilization people spoke.
14:53And if we look in these Dravidian
14:55languages, a language like Tamil, we
14:56find that the word for homeland in Tamil
14:58is Alam. And where do we find Alam on
15:01the map? Well, we find it over actually
15:03in western Iran of all places way back
15:06in the Sumerian days. It was this
15:08mysterious language isolate that no one
15:10knows where this culture came from. It
15:12was most likely South Indians. Either
15:14south Indians came from there and then
15:15settled south India or it was a South
15:18Indian Dravidian even Tamil colony next
15:21to Sumer kicking off civilization for
15:23the first time. I have a great respect
15:25for Tamil, South Indians, Dravidians.
15:27Indoaned is one of the more powerful
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16:37guys. Now, back to the video. Now, I've
16:39talked about the vetteds before, but
16:40they may not have been the first
16:42Paleolithic hunter gatherers to have
16:44settled south in Southeast Asia. There
16:47is what may be an even older group known
16:49as the negreted phenotype. Most typical
16:52among the Negrto peoples, which yes, it
16:55is Spanish for little black person, but
16:57that is actually the scientific term.
16:59I'm not being racist here. These may be
17:01among the first people to ever migrate
17:04out of Africa. And so, while they bear
17:06physical similarities to African people,
17:08they are actually the genetically least
17:10related to African people. They have the
17:13similar appearance because they live in
17:15the same climate. They never left a
17:17warm, hot, tropical environment. So
17:20there was no reason for their appearance
17:21to change. Like Africans, they have very
17:23dark skin, full lips, broad noses, curly
17:26hair, all of which are of course what
17:28you look like if you live in a tropical
17:29jungle for many thousands of years. But
17:31they are also very short and very thin.
17:34The North Sentinel Islanders that
17:36everyone loves are of this type, the
17:38last stone age tribe. Another offshoot
17:40of this early out of Africa group that
17:43we find further to the south and the
17:45east out of Southeast Asia and into
17:47Australia is of course the oustrolid
17:50type. Historically in the old physical
17:52anthropology resources they listed this
17:54as one of the main races. It was
17:56European, Asian, Native American,
17:59African and Australian. And this is
18:01because while they of course have the
18:02same tropical adaptation features that
18:05Africans do, they have some very
18:07distinct features as well. Most of the
18:08African phenotypes I talked about are
18:10actually quite graysaw because most
18:12Africans are not actually hunter
18:14gatherers like people tend to imagine.
18:16There's this honestly somewhat racist
18:18view in contemporary America even to
18:20this day that the natural African
18:22lifestyle is chucking spears and hunting
18:25gazels. There are some groups that do
18:26that. Most Africans actually are
18:28agriculturalists and have been for a
18:29long time. And as a result they have a
18:31more grayile refined softened appearance
18:33like a lot of the groups from central
18:35Europe like alpanids or Mediterranean.
18:36In contrast, the oustrolid type of the
18:39Aboriginal people of Australia is quite
18:42robust, bearing a lot of these
18:43Paleolithic features that otherwise only
18:45survived in certain Western European
18:47[music] Nordics. Big brow ridges, deep
18:50set eyes, strong jaws. You can just look
18:52at an Australian Aboriginal skull and
18:54tell that these people are very distinct
18:56and very different. The last of these
18:58very ancient out of Africa peoples that
19:00you find in Southeast Asia are the
19:03Melanesian or Melanid people of
19:05Oceanania. These people are commonly
19:07found in New Guinea and in the islands
19:09of what is known as Melanesia. So this
19:11is place like Gabbos, Solomon Islands,
19:14Fiji to an extent and they have quite a
19:16diverse appearance. Some are more robust
19:18like Oustralid. Some are more gray cell
19:20and refined from an agriculturalist
19:22lifestyle and quite interestingly some
19:25actually have blonde hair due to a
19:27coincidental random genetic mutation. In
19:30many places, especially in some place
19:32like Fiji, but also in some of these
19:33other neighboring islands, Melanesians
19:35are then mixed with Polynesians who are
19:37much more recent arrivals to the area.
19:39The Polynesian phenotype is strongly
19:41connected with the Aronesian languages.
19:44And as such, you find this type wherever
19:45Austronesian and especially Polynesian
19:47languages are spoken from Madagascar to
19:50parts of Indonesia and especially in the
19:53various Polynesian Pacific islands,
19:55Hawaii, Guam, Samoa, the Marshall
19:57Islands, Micronia. As I mentioned, these
19:59are more recent arrivals, probably first
20:01originating from the island we today
20:03call Taiwan. And as a result, they share
20:05the darker yellowish skin, the distinct
20:08eyefolds, flat faces, broad heads, and
20:11dark black hair of their ancestral race,
20:13the South Mongolid race, which is the
20:15most common race of Southeast Asia.
20:18These people came north from China. They
20:20were rice farmers originally and they
20:22carried down agriculture with them and
20:25then bred into having very large
20:26populations, settled into the areas, cut
20:29down the jungles and then pushed the
20:30indigenous people of Southeast Asia,
20:32those being the vetteds, the negritos
20:35and the orang pendic ape men into the
20:38forest and jungles to hide. Because it's
20:40such a widespread phenotype, because
20:42it's in a high population region,
20:44Southeast Asia has a lot of people
20:46because it's very fertile. You can farm
20:48a lot of rice there, feed a lot of
20:49people. It's a very common phenotype.
20:51You find this look combining these
20:52ancestral Asian features, the slanted
20:55eyes, dark black hair, yellowish skin
20:58with the more tropical adaptations of
21:00fuller lips and broader lower noses all
21:03throughout Southeast Asia, especially in
21:05Malaysia, Indonesia, the Philippines,
21:07Thailand, anywhere [music] around there.
21:09The influence of this type starts to
21:11diminish once you get around to Vietnam
21:13where another type takes over, the
21:15sinotype, another very common, very
21:17populous type because it is the main
21:18phenotype of China as well as Korea and
21:21Japan. Now, because it's so widespread
21:23and common, much like the indided type,
21:25it has a lot of internal variations,
21:27variable height, head shape, appearance.
21:30Generally, the heads tend to be broader
21:32and shorter with a flat back of the
21:34skull, yellowish skin undertones, as
21:36well as the distinct iconic Asian eyes,
21:39the mono lid, and a lot of other various
21:41genetic adaptations that go along with
21:43that. Uh, they find it harder to grow
21:44beards. They get that iconic Asian glow
21:47when they drink alcohol. And longer
21:49noses, but you wouldn't tell it because
21:50they have such flat faces, prominent
21:52cheekbones, thin lips, and a nose very
21:55flat against the face. What is with all
21:57these adaptations, these features? What
21:59do they have? the flat faces, the
22:00flattened features, the more hooded
22:02eyes. Why do many of them, even the
22:04South Mongols, have these shorter,
22:05stockier bodies with the proportionally
22:07shorter limbs? Aren't these cold
22:09adaptations? Yet, these people live in
22:11temperate tropical climates. So, what's
22:13going on here? Well, the reason why all
22:14of these East Asian or historically
22:17Mongaloid groups possess all of these
22:18features that are more typical of cold
22:20inhabiting populations is because they
22:23are originally descended from the Tonged
22:25phenotype which is the most common
22:26phenotype among Mongolians, Manurians
22:29and many other Siberian people. It shows
22:31these stereotypical Asian features the
22:32most strongly because it is the original
22:34type and it is evolved for the cold East
22:36Asian step. That flat Asian [music] face
22:39with all of the recessed features is
22:41meant to minimize cold exposure and
22:43surface area. Now, this type used to be
22:45more limited to just Northeast Asia, but
22:47after the Mongol invasions, it spread
22:49out all throughout Central Europe,
22:51replacing or at least intermixing with
22:53what were the original indigenous people
22:55of Central Asia, the Turinid [music]
22:57phenotype. These are the premol
22:58inhabitants historically connected with
23:01Indeuropean languages, especially
23:02variants of Persian, which you can still
23:04find in Tajjikiststan. Nowadays they're
23:06mostly associated with various Turk
23:08languages. So this type is still common
23:09among somewhat Kazaks but especially
23:12Usuzbcks, Turk men, Kyrgus people. They
23:14bear some similarities to Armeninoids.
23:17They have short and broad skulls,
23:18sworthier complexion, and long curved
23:20noses, but they tend to have narrower
23:23[music] faces. But the turn type was
23:24certainly not the first type to be
23:26pushed to the margins by an East [music]
23:28Asian invasion. That award would
23:30probably go to the Inuid phenotype,
23:32which is the indigenous phenotype of
23:35Japan. This type is common, of course,
23:37among the Anu people of northern Japan,
23:39who are the last remaining descendants
23:40of the indigenous Jon people of Japan,
23:43who were pushed to the margins and
23:45mostly bred out of existence by the
23:47arrival of the Sinid Yayoy people who
23:50came from China, Korea, that area,
23:52brought rice farming with them,
23:54overpopulated, you get the picture. This
23:56is a common theme when you study race
23:57and phenotypes is that you'll have all
23:59these various paleolithic huntergatherer
24:01groups and then one new group will come.
24:04They'll have agriculture and they will
24:06push all these people to the margins,
24:07overwhelm them with their high
24:08populations and then take over. What's
24:10interesting about the Inwood people is
24:12just how distinct they look from their
24:13sign of neighbors and how primitive,
24:16robust, paleolithic they look. Very
24:18hairy with these very big beards, very
24:20robust. Some people have noticed a
24:22cockazoid look suggesting that they may
24:24be more related to Europeans. Other and
24:26in my opinion smarter people have
24:27noticed an oustraloid convergence that
24:30they actually in many cases look like
24:32paler depigmented Australian aboriges
24:34which then if you look at the genetics
24:36and find that Australian aboriginals and
24:38Melanesians have very high ad mixture
24:40from the Denisovven human subspecies
24:42found in Siberia right around where the
24:45Inouid used to live. Do you start to
24:46think that maybe there was some ancient
24:49robust human race that inhabited all of
24:51East Asia, all the Pacific area that was
24:54then driven to the margins by these new
24:56rice farming people. And what may have
24:58been another last remnant of this or a
25:01similarly marginalized driven close to
25:03extinction race would be the sirid type
25:06of North Asia. This is very common among
25:08North Asian reindeer pastoralists. In
25:10[music] the western area of its range,
25:11it converges with lapid or Baltic. In
25:14the eastern margins of its range, it
25:16merges more with the tonged type. But
25:17this is the most ancient and original
25:20type of the tundra with dark red skin,
25:23slanted eyes, and rugged appearance. And
25:25looking at some of these people, you may
25:26think, huh, they look a little Native
25:29Americans. Didn't they come from
25:30Siberia? And yes, there is a direct
25:32connection here. It has recently been
25:34established by linguists that there may
25:36be a strong connection between existing
25:38Siberian groups and existing Native
25:40American groups specifically in the
25:42Naden Yanisan super family which
25:45connects the languages of the Yanisan
25:47people who are very typically Sabirid in
25:50appearance with the Nad languages of the
25:54Pacific phenotype of the Pacific
25:56Northwest of North America. And this
25:58phenotype bears some resemblance to
25:59sabirs, but they have more browner skin,
26:01but they're still very robust and rugged
26:03in appearance. In fact, so robust,
26:05rugged, and in many cases hairy that
26:08some actually connect them with the Inu
26:10people and suggest maybe they might be
26:11related to them, too. But of course, a
26:13much more obvious connection between
26:15Siberia and North America would be the
26:17Eskimid phenotype, the most common
26:20phenotype of the Arctic Circle and the
26:21counterpart to the Nyloic type in that
26:24this is the most extremely cold adapted
26:26phenotype in the world. They have short,
26:28very stocky bodies with very short
26:29limbs, extremely flat faces, very strong
26:32eyefolds to protect their eyes from the
26:34cold wind, and yellowish brown skin,
26:36which you actually want to have in these
26:37Arctic environments where there's no
26:39trees, there's not much in the way of
26:40cloud cover because the sun is beaming
26:42down on you, the snow is reflecting it,
26:44you'll get a sunburn if you go there as
26:45a white person. White people are not
26:47actually made for the Arctic. They're
26:49not actually made for hyperoreia. They
26:50are made for the cloudy, dark European
26:53forests. Now, if we stay along the
26:55Pacific and we go down to the south,
26:56more towards the American Southwest and
26:59Southern California, we find the now
27:01increasingly rare margid phenotype found
27:04on the margins of America. This is an
27:06ancient desert type. It's strongly
27:08associated with the ancient Aztec
27:10Empire. They're probably the remnants of
27:12one of the earliest migrations into
27:13America, hence the robust appearance.
27:16You can find them also in a lot of Puma
27:18Indians and many western Mexicans. So
27:21think desert Mexicans from Sonora,
27:24Chihuahua, these areas. They are short
27:26but robust and rugged with reddish brown
27:28skin. Now throughout most of Eastern
27:30North America, you find the type that we
27:33probably think of when we think of
27:34Native Americans, at least as Americans
27:36or Canadians, that being the silver
27:38phenotype. This is the classic Native
27:41American look with reddish or yellowish
27:43skin, long faces, although they tend to
27:45have shorter skulls with a flat back
27:47because of that Siberian East Asian
27:49ancestry and long prominent curved
27:51noses. Most of these guys got wiped out
27:54by smallpox and then by the settlers,
27:56but you can still find some examples of
27:57this, especially among the Plains
27:59Indians reservations. However, a Native
28:01American type that is still doing very
28:03well for itself and is still quite
28:05populous even in pure and unmixed form
28:07is the centralid type of central
28:10America. This forms almost a counterpart
28:12to the marget type. The marget type is
28:15more rare, more common in the deserts of
28:18northwestern Mexico. The central type is
28:20much more common, much less robust, much
28:22more gray, and is the typical type of
28:24the jungles of southeast Mexico and of
28:27course the rest of Central America,
28:28Guatemala, Honduras, whatnot. These
28:30people are quite short, grays all
28:32features, short and broad skulls and
28:34yellowish brown skin. Whereas the margin
28:36type was more associated with the asex,
28:37the central type was strongly associated
28:40with the Mayans and themes. If we keep
28:42going south from there into South
28:44America proper, we find in the Amazon
28:46jungle there as well as throughout
28:48Colombia and even into the Caribbean the
28:50Amazonid type, a moderately robust
28:52brownskin type that is very widespread
28:55throughout that whole jungle area,
28:57especially in the Amazon, hence the
28:58name. Now, if we go west from them, out
29:00of the jungles up into the Andes
29:01mountains, we find all throughout them
29:03the very distinct and differentiated
29:05andided phenotype, which has a lot of
29:08unique adaptations for mountain living.
29:10Specifically, they have long and narrow
29:12noses so as to warm the cold mountain
29:15air as it enters their lungs, but also
29:17disproportionately large chest cavities
29:19in order to fit giant lungs in order to
29:22breathe in more air and get more oxygen
29:24out of it. Because of course as you go
29:25up into the really high mountains you
29:27start to get less and less oxygen. If
29:29you've ever visited Denver you'll know
29:30what I mean. You get a little
29:32lightheaded. Now Amazon and andid
29:34constitute the two primary native
29:36phenotypes of South America. One for the
29:38jungles and one for the mountains. But
29:40if you go further south you find two
29:42less common minor types there as well.
29:45One for the mountains steps and coasts
29:46and the other for the grasslands. The
29:48mountain steps and coast type is the
29:50logged type which much like the margins
29:53may represent a very ancient arrival
29:55into North America. Maybe one of the
29:57first people. What most of us learn in
29:59school is that Native Americans were
30:00Siberians who crossed the Bearing Land
30:02Bridge from Siberia to Alaska 10,000
30:05years ago. But new research suggests
30:07that people have been in the Americas
30:08for a lot longer than that. And the
30:10Lagotype is named after the Lagoa Santa
30:13specimen. Specifically, the skull known
30:15as Luzia, which is the skull of a woman
30:17who does not really look Native
30:18American, does not really look Siberian.
30:20She looks more Melanesian or Oustraloid,
30:23which further plays into my theory that
30:25maybe there was this ancient oustidoid,
30:28very robust race all throughout East
30:30Asia that then maybe could have moved in
30:32to North America, then down into South
30:34America, giving us these very robust
30:36Melanesian looking skulls. And now there
30:39is even genetic evidence to back this up
30:41that some of these indigenous people
30:43down in the very south of Brazil may be
30:45less related to ancient Siberians and
30:47more related to ancient Australian
30:49Aboriginals. And what's really
30:50interesting is that some of these people
30:53along the eastern coast of Brazil along
30:55the Atlantic coast there show ad mixture
30:57from Polynesians which may suggest that
31:00the Polynesians didn't just make it to
31:02Eastern Island. They might have gone all
31:04around the straits of Mellin way before
31:05Mellin did. then met up with some
31:08Brazilian tribesmen and intermixed with
31:09them. Crazy stuff to think about.
31:11There's also strong evidence that
31:12Polynesians introduced the chicken to
31:14Native Americans long before Columbus
31:16did. Crazy rabbit hole to go down. Last,
31:18but certainly not least, we come to our
31:21final type. A type that has sadly in its
31:23purest form mostly been driven to
31:25extinction. The Patagonia type of
31:27Patagonia and the Pampas. This is
31:29Paraguay going down through Chile and
31:31Argentina and the big grasslands there.
31:33In its pure form, this was the type of
31:35the legendary Patagonian giants. These
31:38ancient immense people who brutally
31:41deathmoged the Europeans. Unfortunately,
31:43the Europeans brutally killed them. And
31:46now in their pure giant form, as was
31:49originally seen in Argentina and Chile,
31:51they're pretty much all gone, but there
31:52are some remnants left in other tribes
31:54in those regions. And with that said,
31:56there it is. Every major race of human
31:59explained for you. Hopefully this video
32:01was helpful and educational and
32:02hopefully can serve as an important
32:04starting point in your journey through
32:06anthropology and specifically physical
32:08anthropology as you learn to as you come
32:11to learn to know and appreciate all of
32:13the wonderful diversity that God has
32:15given us in the human race. If you want
32:17to know your race or phenotype for sure
32:19from an expert, you can get a full
32:20analysis on my website. Link is in the
32:22description. This has been Taylor from
32:24Pers Insights reminding you to always
32:26judge a book by its cover. Thank you for
32:28watching.

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