Every Letter the Apostle Paul Wrote, Explained in Order — Transcript
Full transcript
- 0:00A man sits in a rented room in Rome,
- 0:02chained to a Roman soldier, and he picks
- 0:05up a pen.
- 0:06He is not writing a book. He is not
- 0:08composing theology for a seminary
- 0:10library. He is writing a letter to
- 0:12people he loves, people who are
- 0:14confused, people who are fighting,
- 0:17people who are drifting.
- 0:18And those letters, scribbled on papyrus,
- 0:21carried by hand across hundreds of miles
- 0:23of Roman roads and Mediterranean sea
- 0:25lanes, would become the most influential
- 0:27collection of personal correspondence in
- 0:29the history of the world.
- 0:3113 letters. That is what the New
- 0:34Testament attributes to the Apostle
- 0:35Paul.
- 0:3613 documents written over roughly 15
- 0:39years, from around AD 49 to around AD
- 0:4267.
- 0:43And here is something most people never
- 0:45realize. They were not written in the
- 0:47order you find them in your Bible.
- 0:49Your Bible arranges them by length,
- 0:52longest to shortest. Romans first,
- 0:55Philemon last. It would be like
- 0:57organizing someone's emails by word
- 0:59count instead of by date. You would lose
- 1:01the story completely.
- 1:03But if you read them in the order they
- 1:04were actually written, a completely
- 1:06different picture emerges.
- 1:08You can trace the arc of a man's life.
- 1:11You watch him fight for the gospel when
- 1:12it is barely off the ground. You watch
- 1:15him build churches from nothing in some
- 1:17of the most morally chaotic cities in
- 1:19the ancient world.
- 1:20You sit with him in prison cells. You
- 1:22feel the betrayal when people he trusted
- 1:24walk away.
- 1:26And you stand behind him in a dark Roman
- 1:28dungeon as he writes his last words to
- 1:30the young man he loved like a son,
- 1:32asking him to bring a cloak because
- 1:34winter is coming and the stone floor is
- 1:36cold.
- 1:37That is what we are going to do.
- 1:39We are going to walk through every
- 1:41single letter in the order Paul most
- 1:43likely wrote them. And we are going to
- 1:45see what each one was really about, why
- 1:47it mattered in that moment, and why it
- 1:50still speaks directly into your life
- 1:51right now.
- 1:53Let us start at the beginning. The first
- 1:55letter Paul ever wrote, or at least the
- 1:57earliest one we still have, is a letter
- 1:59written in anger. And it is the letter
- 2:01to the Galatians, written around AD 48
- 2:04or 49.
- 2:06And to understand why this letter burns
- 2:08the way it does, you need to know who is
- 2:10writing it.
- 2:12This is a man who once hunted Christians
- 2:14for a living, who stood by approving as
- 2:16a mob stoned Stephen to death in Acts
- 2:18chapter 7, and who was struck down by a
- 2:21blinding light on the road to Damascus
- 2:23by the very Christ he was trying to
- 2:25destroy.
- 2:26That man is now writing to defend the
- 2:28gospel he once tried to wipe off the
- 2:30earth.
- 2:31Paul had just returned from his first
- 2:33missionary journey. He had traveled
- 2:35through the region of Galatia, in
- 2:37modern-day central Turkey, preaching in
- 2:39cities like Pisidian Antioch, Iconium,
- 2:42Lystra, and Derbe.
- 2:44In Lystra, a mob stoned him with rocks
- 2:47and dragged his body outside the city,
- 2:49leaving him for dead.
- 2:51Acts chapter 14, verses 19 and 20, tells
- 2:55us what happened next.
- 2:56Then Jews came from Antioch and Iconium,
- 2:59and having persuaded the multitudes,
- 3:01they stoned Paul and dragged him out of
- 3:03the city, supposing him to be dead.
- 3:06However, when the disciples gathered
- 3:08around him, he rose up and went into the
- 3:10city.
- 3:11The next day, he moved on to the next
- 3:13town and kept preaching.
- 3:15He planted churches in every city he
- 3:17visited, and then he went home to
- 3:19Antioch in Syria.
- 3:21And then he got the news.
- 3:23Other teachers had come into those brand
- 3:25new churches and told the Gentile
- 3:26converts, the non-Jewish believers, that
- 3:29faith in Jesus was not enough. You also
- 3:32had to be circumcised.
- 3:34You had to follow the ceremonial
- 3:35requirements of the law of Moses. You
- 3:38had to become Jewish first, and then you
- 3:40could be Christian.
- 3:42These teachers are often called the
- 3:43Judaizers, meaning they were pushing
- 3:46Gentile believers to adopt Jewish
- 3:48customs as a condition for salvation.
- 3:50Think about what that means for a
- 3:52second. Paul had nearly died bringing
- 3:54these people the gospel.
- 3:56And now someone was telling them that
- 3:58what he brought them was incomplete.
- 4:00That grace needed a supplement.
- 4:02Paul's response is the angriest letter
- 4:04in the New Testament. Most of Paul's
- 4:07letters open with a warm Thanksgiving.
- 4:09I thank God for you every time I
- 4:11remember you. Not this one.
- 4:14Paul opens Galatians with this, chapter
- 4:161, verses 6 and 7.
- 4:19I marvel that you are turning away so
- 4:21soon from him who called you in the
- 4:22grace of Christ to a different gospel,
- 4:25which is not another. But there are some
- 4:27who trouble you and want to pervert the
- 4:29gospel of Christ. No warm greeting, no
- 4:31small talk. He skips the pleasantries
- 4:33entirely and gets right to the point.
- 4:36And then he drops a line that still hits
- 4:38hard. Galatians chapter 1, verse 8. But
- 4:42even if we or an angel from heaven
- 4:44preach any other gospel to you than what
- 4:46we have preached to you, let him be
- 4:48accursed.
- 4:49He says it once, and then he says it
- 4:51again in the very next verse, just so
- 4:53nobody can say they missed it. The heart
- 4:56of Galatians is one of the most
- 4:57important arguments in the history of
- 4:59Christianity. Paul says in chapter 2,
- 5:01verse 16, knowing that a man is not
- 5:04justified by the works of the law, but
- 5:06by faith in Jesus Christ, even we have
- 5:09believed in Christ Jesus that we might
- 5:11be justified by faith in Christ and not
- 5:13by the works of the law. For by the
- 5:15works of the law, no flesh shall be
- 5:18justified.
- 5:19That word, justified, simply means
- 5:22declared righteous, accepted by God, not
- 5:25because of what you have done, but
- 5:27because of what Christ has done for you.
- 5:29And then Paul goes all the way back to
- 5:31Abraham, centuries before Moses, and
- 5:34shows that Abraham was counted righteous
- 5:36because he believed God. Not because he
- 5:38followed a set of ceremonial rules that
- 5:40had not even been given yet. Galatians
- 5:43chapter 3, verse 6.
- 5:45Just as Abraham believed God, and it was
- 5:47accounted to him for righteousness.
- 5:50The ceremonial law, Paul argues, the
- 5:53rituals and sacrifices that were
- 5:54designed to teach Israel about the
- 5:56coming Messiah, like an illustration
- 5:58pointing to the real thing, those were
- 6:00added later as a guardian, a tutor, to
- 6:03point people toward their need for a
- 6:05savior.
- 6:06Galatians chapter 3, verses 24 and 25.
- 6:10Therefore, the law was our tutor to
- 6:11bring us to Christ that we might be
- 6:13justified by faith.
- 6:15But after faith has come, we are no
- 6:17longer under a tutor.
- 6:19Think of it like training wheels on a
- 6:20bike. They serve a purpose for a season,
- 6:23but once you learn to ride, you do not
- 6:25need them anymore.
- 6:27And the Bible itself makes a clear
- 6:28distinction between the two.
- 6:30The 10 Commandments were spoken by God
- 6:32directly with his own voice from Mount
- 6:34Sinai and written by his own finger on
- 6:37tablets of stone.
- 6:38Exodus chapter 31, verse 18. And when he
- 6:42had made an end of speaking with him on
- 6:43Mount Sinai, he gave Moses two tablets
- 6:46of the testimony, tablets of stone
- 6:48written with the finger of God. But the
- 6:50ceremonial laws, the sacrifices, the
- 6:53feast regulations, those were written by
- 6:55Moses in a separate book and placed
- 6:58beside the ark, not inside it.
- 7:00Deuteronomy chapter 31, verse 26.
- 7:04Take this book of the law and put it
- 7:06beside the ark of the covenant of the
- 7:07Lord your God.
- 7:09One was permanent, carved in stone by
- 7:11God himself. The other was temporary,
- 7:14written on parchment by a man, pointing
- 7:16forward to something greater.
- 7:18The moral law, the character of God
- 7:20expressed in the 10 Commandments, still
- 7:22stands because it reflects who God is.
- 7:26But the ceremonial system that was
- 7:27always pointing forward to Christ found
- 7:29its fulfillment when he arrived.
- 7:31And then Paul writes one of the most
- 7:33radical sentences in all of ancient
- 7:35literature.
- 7:36Galatians chapter 3, verse 28. There is
- 7:39neither Jew nor Greek. There is neither
- 7:41slave nor free. There is neither male
- 7:44nor female. For you are all one in
- 7:46Christ Jesus.
- 7:48In a world that was rigidly divided by
- 7:50ethnicity, social class, and gender,
- 7:52Paul declares that in Christ, every
- 7:55dividing wall has come down.
- 7:57Not that differences vanish, but that
- 7:59they no longer determine your standing
- 8:01before God.
- 8:03This is the letter that draws the line.
- 8:05Grace or performance.
- 8:07Faith or ritual. Freedom or chains. And
- 8:11Paul does not flinch.
- 8:13Now from Galatia, the story moves to
- 8:15Greece.
- 8:16Paul's second missionary journey takes
- 8:18him across the Aegean Sea into Europe
- 8:20for the first time, and he arrives in
- 8:22the city of Thessalonica, a major port
- 8:25city in northern Greece, the capital of
- 8:27the Roman province of Macedonia.
- 8:29This is around AD 50 or 51. Acts chapter
- 8:3317 tells us he preached in the synagogue
- 8:35there for three Sabbaths, and some Jews
- 8:38and a large number of God-fearing Greeks
- 8:40believed.
- 8:41But jealous opponents stirred up a mob.
- 8:44Acts chapter 17, verses 6 and 7.
- 8:48But when they did not find them, they
- 8:50dragged Jason and some brethren to the
- 8:52rulers of the city, crying out, These
- 8:55who have turned the world upside down
- 8:56have come here, too.
- 8:58Jason has harbored them, and these are
- 9:00all acting contrary to the decrees of
- 9:02Caesar, saying there is another king,
- 9:04Jesus.
- 9:06Paul had to flee the city at night. He
- 9:08had been there maybe a month.
- 9:10And now these brand new believers were
- 9:12on their own.
- 9:14He made it south to Athens, then to
- 9:16Corinth. And from Corinth, worried sick
- 9:19about the believers he had left behind,
- 9:21he sent his young associate Timothy back
- 9:23to Thessalonica to check on them.
- 9:26When Timothy returned with good news,
- 9:28Paul was so relieved he sat down and
- 9:30wrote what we now call First
- 9:31Thessalonians.
- 9:33It is one of the warmest, most
- 9:35affectionate letters Paul ever wrote.
- 9:37Chapter 2, verse 8. So affectionately
- 9:40longing for you, we were well pleased to
- 9:42impart to you not only the gospel of
- 9:44God, but also our own lives, because you
- 9:47had become dear to us.
- 9:49This is not a theologian writing a
- 9:51paper. This is a spiritual father who
- 9:53genuinely loves his children.
- 9:56But the Thessalonians had a question
- 9:57that was eating them alive. Some of
- 9:59their fellow believers had died since
- 10:01Paul left and they were terrified.
- 10:04They thought those who died would miss
- 10:06the second coming of Jesus.
- 10:08They were grieving not just because they
- 10:09lost people they loved, but because they
- 10:11thought those people were gone from the
- 10:13promise forever.
- 10:15Paul's answer is one of the most
- 10:16well-known passages in the Bible.
- 10:19First Thessalonians chapter 4 verses 13
- 10:22through 18.
- 10:23But I do not want you to be ignorant
- 10:25brethren concerning those who have
- 10:27fallen asleep, lest you sorrow as others
- 10:30who have no hope.
- 10:31For if we believe that Jesus died and
- 10:33rose again, even so God will bring with
- 10:36him those who sleep in Jesus.
- 10:38For this we say to you by the word of
- 10:40the Lord, that we who are alive and
- 10:42remain until the coming of the Lord will
- 10:45by no means precede those who are
- 10:47asleep.
- 10:48For the Lord himself will descend from
- 10:50heaven with a shout, with the voice of
- 10:52an archangel, and with the trumpet of
- 10:54God.
- 10:55And the dead in Christ will rise first.
- 10:58Then we who are alive and remain shall
- 11:00be caught up together with them in the
- 11:02clouds to meet the Lord in the air.
- 11:04And thus we shall always be with the
- 11:06Lord.
- 11:07Therefore, comfort one another with
- 11:09these words.
- 11:11The dead are not left behind. They are
- 11:13first in line.
- 11:15And notice how Paul ends that passage.
- 11:18Therefore, comfort one another with
- 11:19these words.
- 11:21This is not abstract theology. This is
- 11:23hope you can hold on to at a graveside.
- 11:26Shortly after that first letter, Paul
- 11:28had to write a second one because the
- 11:30church swung to the other extreme.
- 11:33Some people took the teaching about
- 11:34Jesus coming back and ran wild with it.
- 11:37They quit their jobs. They stopped
- 11:39contributing.
- 11:40They were just sitting around waiting
- 11:42for the end.
- 11:43Why work if the world is about to end?
- 11:46Paul had to correct them.
- 11:48Second Thessalonians chapter 3 verse 10.
- 11:51For even when we were with you, we
- 11:53commanded you this, if anyone will not
- 11:55work, neither shall he eat.
- 11:58Believing Jesus is coming back does not
- 12:00mean you stop being useful. It means you
- 12:03live with more purpose, not less.
- 12:06Hope is not passivity. Faith does not
- 12:08cancel responsibility.
- 12:11And here is something worth sitting with
- 12:12for a moment.
- 12:14Imagine being a brand new believer,
- 12:16maybe 30 days old in the faith, and your
- 12:18teacher had to run for his life in the
- 12:20middle of the night.
- 12:22You have no Bible, no church building,
- 12:24no seminary.
- 12:26Just a few weeks of teaching and now you
- 12:28are on your own.
- 12:29That is Thessalonica.
- 12:32And the fact that those believers held
- 12:33on, that Paul could write to them and
- 12:35say in chapter 1 verse 8, for from you
- 12:38the word of the Lord has sounded forth,
- 12:41not only in Macedonia and Achaia, but
- 12:43also in every place.
- 12:45That tells you something about what the
- 12:46Holy Spirit can do with a little bit of
- 12:48truth planted in honest soil.
- 12:51Now the story moves to one of the most
- 12:53important and most difficult churches
- 12:55Paul ever dealt with, Corinth.
- 12:58And his letters to this church, written
- 13:00around AD 53 to 56, are two of the
- 13:03longest and most intense he ever wrote.
- 13:07If Galatia was where Paul fought for
- 13:08doctrine, Corinth is where he had to
- 13:10fight for basic human decency. Corinth
- 13:13was one of the wealthiest and most
- 13:14morally chaotic cities in the Roman
- 13:16Empire.
- 13:17It sat on a narrow strip of land between
- 13:19two seas, a crossroads of trade routes
- 13:21connecting east and west. Sailors,
- 13:24merchants, and travelers from every
- 13:25corner of the empire passed through.
- 13:28The city had a temple to Aphrodite that,
- 13:30according to the ancient geographer
- 13:31Strabo, employed a large number of
- 13:33temple servants in its rituals.
- 13:35The phrase to live like a Corinthian was
- 13:38slang in the ancient world for living
- 13:40without any moral limits.
- 13:42That is the city where Paul planted a
- 13:44church.
- 13:45He spent 18 months there on his second
- 13:47missionary journey.
- 13:48He worked as a tentmaker during the day
- 13:50and preached at night.
- 13:51He built something real
- 13:53and then he left. And the church began
- 13:55to fracture almost immediately.
- 13:58First Corinthians reads like a pastor
- 13:59putting out fires one after another.
- 14:02The church is split into factions.
- 14:04Chapter 1 verse 12.
- 14:07Now I say this, that each of you says,
- 14:09"I am of Paul, or I am of Apollos, or I
- 14:13am of Cephas, or I am of Christ."
- 14:17They are suing each other in pagan
- 14:18courts over petty disputes.
- 14:21A man in the congregation is sleeping
- 14:22with his stepmother and instead of
- 14:24addressing it, the church is proud of
- 14:26how open-minded they are about it.
- 14:28Chapter 5 verse 1.
- 14:31It is actually reported that there is
- 14:32sexual immorality among you and such
- 14:34sexual immorality as is not even named
- 14:36among the Gentiles, that a man has his
- 14:39father's wife.
- 14:40People are getting drunk at the
- 14:41communion table.
- 14:43The Lord's Supper has turned into a
- 14:44dinner party where the rich eat well and
- 14:46the poor go hungry.
- 14:48They are arguing about spiritual gifts
- 14:50with some people treating their
- 14:51particular gift like a trophy and
- 14:53looking down on everyone else.
- 14:55Every chapter is a different fire and
- 14:57Paul addresses every single one.
- 15:00But right in the middle of a heated
- 15:01argument about spiritual gifts, Paul
- 15:03hits pause.
- 15:05And he writes what many consider the
- 15:06greatest passage ever composed about
- 15:08love.
- 15:09First Corinthians chapter 13 verses 1
- 15:12through 3.
- 15:13Though I speak with the tongues of men
- 15:15and of angels, but have not love, I have
- 15:17become sounding brass or a clanging
- 15:19cymbal.
- 15:21And though I have the gift of prophecy
- 15:22and understand all mysteries and all
- 15:24knowledge, and though I have faith so
- 15:26that I could remove mountains, but have
- 15:28not love, I am nothing.
- 15:30And though I bestow all my goods to feed
- 15:32the poor, and though I give my body to
- 15:34be burned, but have not love, it profits
- 15:37me nothing.
- 15:38And then verses 4 through 8. Love
- 15:40suffers long and is kind. Love does not
- 15:43envy. Love does not parade itself, is
- 15:46not puffed up, does not behave rudely,
- 15:48does not seek its own, is not provoked,
- 15:51thinks no evil, does not rejoice in
- 15:53iniquity, but rejoices in the truth,
- 15:55bears all things, believes all things,
- 15:58hopes all things, endures all things.
- 16:02Love never fails.
- 16:04Now here is what most people miss.
- 16:06This is not romantic poetry for a
- 16:07wedding card.
- 16:09In its original context, Paul is talking
- 16:11to a church that is ripping itself
- 16:12apart.
- 16:14He is telling them you can speak every
- 16:15language on earth and in heaven. You can
- 16:17give away everything you own. You can
- 16:19have faith that literally moves
- 16:21mountains, but if you do not have love,
- 16:23you are just noise.
- 16:25A clanging cymbal.
- 16:27All volume, no music.
- 16:29Then in chapter 15, Paul delivers the
- 16:32most thorough defense of the
- 16:33resurrection in the entire New
- 16:34Testament.
- 16:35He names the witnesses. He builds the
- 16:38case step by step.
- 16:40And he makes the stakes clear.
- 16:42Chapter 15 verses 17 through 20.
- 16:45And if Christ is not risen, your faith
- 16:47is futile. You are still in your sins.
- 16:50Then also those who have fallen asleep
- 16:52in Christ have perished.
- 16:54If in this life only we have hope in
- 16:56Christ, we are of all men the most
- 16:58pitiable.
- 16:59But now Christ is risen from the dead
- 17:01and has become the first fruits of those
- 17:03who have fallen asleep.
- 17:05That word first fruits comes from the
- 17:07harvest.
- 17:08The first fruits were the very first
- 17:09crop to come up out of the ground and
- 17:11they were the guarantee that the rest of
- 17:13the harvest was coming.
- 17:15Paul is saying that Christ's
- 17:16resurrection is not just one event. It
- 17:19is the first crop. It is the proof that
- 17:21everyone who belongs to him will rise,
- 17:23too.
- 17:24The resurrection is not an appendix to
- 17:26the gospel. It is the gospel. Now second
- 17:28Corinthians comes later and the mood has
- 17:30completely shifted. Between the two
- 17:32letters, something deeply painful
- 17:34happened. Paul visited Corinth and was
- 17:37publicly humiliated by someone in the
- 17:39church. We do not know the exact
- 17:41details. He left hurt. He wrote what he
- 17:44calls a severe letter filled with tears,
- 17:47which we no longer have.
- 17:49By the time he sits down to write second
- 17:51Corinthians, some in the church have
- 17:52repented, but others are still attacking
- 17:55him. False teachers have arrived calling
- 17:57themselves super apostles, acting as
- 18:00though they were more qualified and more
- 18:02spiritual than Paul, questioning his
- 18:04credentials, saying he is weak in person
- 18:07and only impressive on paper.
- 18:09And Paul's defense is unlike anything
- 18:11else in his writings. He does not list
- 18:13his miracles. He lists his scars. Second
- 18:16Corinthians chapter 11 verses 24 through
- 18:1928.
- 18:21From the Jews five times I received 40
- 18:23stripes minus one.
- 18:25Three times I was beaten with rods. Once
- 18:27I was stoned. Three times I was
- 18:29shipwrecked. A night and a day I have
- 18:31been in the deep. In journeys often, in
- 18:34perils of waters, in perils of robbers,
- 18:37in perils of my own countrymen, in
- 18:39perils of the Gentiles, in perils in the
- 18:41city, in perils in the wilderness, in
- 18:44perils in the sea, in perils among false
- 18:47brethren, in weariness and toil, in
- 18:50sleeplessness often, in hunger and
- 18:52thirst, in fastings often, in cold and
- 18:55nakedness. Besides the other things,
- 18:57what comes upon me daily, my deep
- 18:59concern for all the churches. That is
- 19:02his resume. Not power, pain. And at the
- 19:06very end, the thing that weighs on him
- 19:07most is not the beatings. It is his
- 19:10concern for the churches.
- 19:12And then he shares something he has
- 19:13apparently never shared publicly before.
- 19:16Second Corinthians chapter 12 verses 7
- 19:18through 10.
- 19:20And lest I should be exalted above
- 19:21measure by the abundance of the
- 19:23revelations, a thorn in the flesh was
- 19:25given to me, a messenger of Satan to
- 19:27buffet me, lest I be exalted above
- 19:30measure.
- 19:31Concerning this thing, I pleaded with
- 19:33the Lord three times that it might
- 19:34depart from me.
- 19:35And he said to me, "My grace is
- 19:37sufficient for you, for my strength is
- 19:39made perfect in weakness."
- 19:41Therefore, most gladly I will rather
- 19:43boast in my infirmities, that the power
- 19:46of Christ may rest upon me.
- 19:48Therefore, I take pleasure in
- 19:49infirmities, in reproaches, in needs, in
- 19:52persecutions, in distresses, for
- 19:55Christ's sake. For when I am weak, then
- 19:58I am strong. We do not know what that
- 20:00thorn was. Scholars have guessed
- 20:02everything from chronic eye disease to
- 20:04epilepsy to a persistent human enemy.
- 20:07But whatever it was, it tormented him.
- 20:10And he begged God three times to take it
- 20:12away.
- 20:13Three times, and God's answer was not
- 20:15yes.
- 20:17God's answer was, "My grace is
- 20:18sufficient for you."
- 20:20Paul did not get the miracle he prayed
- 20:22for. He got something God considered
- 20:24better. The grace to endure it. That
- 20:26single answer has carried millions of
- 20:28people who prayed for healing and got
- 20:30endurance instead.
- 20:32Who prayed for the storm to stop and got
- 20:34the strength to walk through it. So let
- 20:37us take a breath and look at where we
- 20:38have been. Four churches, four
- 20:41completely different problems. In
- 20:43Galatia, people were adding requirements
- 20:45to the gospel and Paul told them grace
- 20:47is enough.
- 20:48In Thessalonica, people were grieving
- 20:51and confused about the dead and Paul
- 20:53told them the dead in Christ rise first.
- 20:56In Corinth, people were tearing each
- 20:58other apart with pride and division and
- 21:00Paul told them without love, nothing
- 21:02else matters.
- 21:04And in his second letter to Corinth,
- 21:06Paul himself was broken open and he
- 21:08learned that God's power shows up most
- 21:10clearly in weakness. Four letters and
- 21:13the same Christ at the center of every
- 21:15one. If this is helping you see these
- 21:17letters in a way you have not seen them
- 21:18before, help us get this to someone
- 21:21else. Subscribe, leave a comment, share
- 21:23it with a friend. That is how more
- 21:25people find this. Thank you for being
- 21:27here. Corinth is behind him now, but
- 21:30something bigger is ahead. There is one
- 21:32church Paul has never visited, one city
- 21:35he has been longing to reach.
- 21:37Rome. The center of the world.
- 21:40And around AD 57, before he gets there,
- 21:43he sends ahead the most carefully
- 21:45argued, theologically complete letter he
- 21:47will ever write. If Galatians is a
- 21:49street fight over grace, Romans is the
- 21:51full courtroom case.
- 21:53Paul is building an argument
- 21:54step-by-step, layer-by-layer, from the
- 21:56foundation up. And what makes this
- 21:58letter remarkable is that he is writing
- 22:00to a church he did not plant. He has
- 22:03never met most of these people. So he
- 22:05cannot rely on personal relationships.
- 22:07He has to let the argument speak for
- 22:08itself.
- 22:10And it does.
- 22:11He starts with the bad news and he does
- 22:13not soften it. Romans chapters 1 through
- 22:153, every human being, Jew and Gentile,
- 22:18religious and irreligious, stands guilty
- 22:20before God. Romans chapter 3 verse 23,
- 22:24"For all have sinned and fall short of
- 22:26the glory of God."
- 22:27Nobody gets a pass. The most moral
- 22:29person you know is still short of God's
- 22:31standard. That is the diagnosis.
- 22:34Then he presents the cure.
- 22:36Romans chapter 3 verses 24 and 25,
- 22:39"Being justified freely by his grace
- 22:41through the redemption that is in Christ
- 22:42Jesus, whom God set forth as a
- 22:44propitiation by his blood through
- 22:46faith."
- 22:47Justified, meaning declared right with
- 22:49God.
- 22:50Freely, meaning not earned, not
- 22:52purchased by your performance, given.
- 22:55Then he takes you deeper. Chapter 5,
- 22:58because of what Christ did, we have
- 23:00peace with God. Romans chapter 5 verse
- 23:021,
- 23:03"Therefore, having been justified by
- 23:05faith, we have peace with God through
- 23:07our Lord Jesus Christ."
- 23:09Chapter 6, sin is no longer your master.
- 23:12Romans 6:14, "For sin shall not have
- 23:14dominion over you, for you are not under
- 23:16law, but under grace."
- 23:19And chapter 7, the internal war that
- 23:21every honest believer knows.
- 23:23Romans chapter 7 verses 18 and 19,
- 23:26"For I know that in me, that is, in my
- 23:28flesh, nothing good dwells." "For to
- 23:30will is present with me, but how to
- 23:32perform what is good I do not find."
- 23:35"For the good that I will to do, I do
- 23:36not do, but the evil I will not to do,
- 23:39that I practice."
- 23:41If you have ever felt that frustration,
- 23:42that gap between knowing the right thing
- 23:44and actually doing it, Paul felt it,
- 23:46too.
- 23:47You are not broken. You are in the
- 23:49fight.
- 23:50And then chapter 8. Many scholars
- 23:52consider Romans 8 the single greatest
- 23:54chapter in the Bible. It opens in verse
- 23:571, "There is therefore now no
- 23:58condemnation to those who are in Christ
- 24:00Jesus, who do not walk according to the
- 24:02flesh, but according to the spirit."
- 24:05No condemnation. Not reduced
- 24:07condemnation. Not you are forgiven for
- 24:09now, but we will see how you do. None.
- 24:13And it closes with a declaration that
- 24:14reads like a mountain being planted in
- 24:16the middle of the ocean.
- 24:17Romans chapter 8 verses 38 and 39,
- 24:21"For I am persuaded that neither death
- 24:23nor life, nor angels, nor
- 24:25principalities, nor powers, nor things
- 24:27present, nor things to come, nor height,
- 24:29nor depth, nor any other created thing,
- 24:32shall be able to separate us from the
- 24:33love of God which is in Christ Jesus our
- 24:35Lord."
- 24:37Paul lists everything that might
- 24:38threaten you. Death, life, supernatural
- 24:41powers, time itself, the deepest pit and
- 24:44the highest height. And his conclusion
- 24:46is, none of it is strong enough.
- 24:49But Romans is not done. Chapters 9
- 24:51through 11 wrestle with the question
- 24:53that kept Paul up at night. What about
- 24:55Israel?
- 24:56If the gospel is for everyone now, has
- 24:58God abandoned the people he originally
- 25:00chose?
- 25:01Paul's answer is an emphatic no.
- 25:03Romans chapter 11 verse 29, "For the
- 25:06gifts and the calling of God are
- 25:08irrevocable."
- 25:09That means God does not take back what
- 25:11he has promised. The olive tree, which
- 25:13is Paul's image for God's covenant
- 25:15people, has not been uprooted. New
- 25:17branches have been grafted in, meaning
- 25:19Gentile believers have been brought into
- 25:21the same family.
- 25:23And the story is not over.
- 25:24And then chapters 12 through 16 show
- 25:26what a life shaped by this gospel
- 25:28actually looks like day-to-day.
- 25:30Romans chapter 12 verses 1 and 2, "I
- 25:33beseech you therefore, brethren, by the
- 25:35mercies of God, that you present your
- 25:37bodies a living sacrifice, holy,
- 25:39acceptable to God, which is your
- 25:41reasonable service."
- 25:43"And do not be conformed to this world,
- 25:45but be transformed by the renewing of
- 25:46your mind, that you may prove what is
- 25:48that good and acceptable and perfect
- 25:50will of God."
- 25:52A living sacrifice means instead of
- 25:54bringing an animal to an altar, you
- 25:56bring yourself, your choices, your time,
- 25:58your energy, every day.
- 26:00And Romans chapter 12 verse 21, "Do not
- 26:03be overcome by evil, but overcome evil
- 26:06with good."
- 26:07Romans is the letter that changed the
- 26:09world and that is not an exaggeration.
- 26:12Augustine of Hippo was reading Romans
- 26:14chapter 13 in a garden in Milan in AD
- 26:16386 when he experienced his conversion.
- 26:20Martin Luther was studying Romans in
- 26:221515 when the idea that we are made
- 26:25right with God by faith alone broke open
- 26:27and the Protestant Reformation ignited.
- 26:31John Wesley was listening to someone
- 26:33read Luther's introduction to Romans on
- 26:35May 24th, 1738 when he felt his heart
- 26:39strangely warmed and the Methodist
- 26:41movement was born.
- 26:44Three different centuries, three
- 26:46different men, the same letter, the same
- 26:49gospel, the same power.
- 26:53After all that writing, Paul finally
- 26:55boards a ship for Rome, but not the way
- 26:58he planned. He arrives in chains.
- 27:02After being arrested in the temple in
- 27:03Jerusalem, spending two years in a Roman
- 27:05prison in Caesarea, appealing his case
- 27:08to Caesar as was his right as a Roman
- 27:10citizen, and surviving a shipwreck off
- 27:13the island of Malta where the ship broke
- 27:15apart in the storm, Paul lands in Rome
- 27:17around AD 60.
- 27:19Acts chapter 28 verse 30 and 31 tells
- 27:23us,
- 27:24"Then Paul dwelt two whole years in his
- 27:26own rented house and received all who
- 27:29came to him, preaching the kingdom of
- 27:31God and teaching the things which
- 27:32concern the Lord Jesus Christ with all
- 27:35confidence." "No one forbidding him."
- 27:38He was chained to a rotating guard of
- 27:40Roman soldiers, but allowed to receive
- 27:42visitors.
- 27:43And from that room, chained to those
- 27:45soldiers, he writes four letters that
- 27:47scholars call the prison epistles.
- 27:50Each one is different and each one
- 27:52reveals something about Christ that the
- 27:54others do not.
- 27:56The first is the letter to the Ephesians
- 27:59and it is the most cosmic thing Paul
- 28:01ever wrote.
- 28:02It pulls the camera back further than
- 28:04any of his other letters.
- 28:06Ephesians chapter 1 verse 4,
- 28:09"Just as he chose us in him before the
- 28:11foundation of the world that we should
- 28:13be holy and without blame before him in
- 28:16love."
- 28:17Before there were galaxies or oceans or
- 28:19human beings drawing breath, God had a
- 28:22plan. And you were in it.
- 28:24Not as an afterthought, as a purpose.
- 28:28Ephesians chapter 2 verses 8 through 10,
- 28:31"For by grace you have been saved
- 28:33through faith, and that not of
- 28:35yourselves, it is the gift of God, not
- 28:37of works, lest anyone should boast."
- 28:41"For we are his workmanship, created in
- 28:43Christ Jesus for good works, which God
- 28:45prepared beforehand that we should walk
- 28:47in them."
- 28:49Three things in that passage. It is by
- 28:51grace, it is through faith, and it is
- 28:53not from you.
- 28:55The gift and the ability to receive it
- 28:57both come from God.
- 28:59And notice verse 10,
- 29:01you are not saved by good works, but you
- 29:03are saved for good works.
- 29:05God already prepared the work for you to
- 29:07walk into.
- 29:09Then Paul moves from the heavenly to the
- 29:11daily.
- 29:12How married couples should serve each
- 29:13other. How parents should raise their
- 29:16children.
- 29:17Ephesians chapter 6 verse 4,
- 29:20"And you, fathers, do not provoke your
- 29:23children to wrath, but bring them up in
- 29:25the
- 29:28And then, the famous armor of God.
- 29:31Ephesians chapter 6 verses 13 through
- 29:3317,
- 29:35"Therefore, take up the whole armor of
- 29:37God, that you may be able to withstand
- 29:39in the evil day, and having done all, to
- 29:41stand."
- 29:43"Stand therefore, having girded your
- 29:45waist with truth, having put on the
- 29:47breastplate of righteousness, and having
- 29:48shod your feet with the preparation of
- 29:50the gospel of peace.
- 29:52Above all, taking the shield of faith,
- 29:54with which you will be able to quench
- 29:56all the fiery darts of the wicked one.
- 29:59And take the helmet of salvation, and
- 30:01the sword of the spirit, which is the
- 30:02word of God.
- 30:04And here is the detail people miss.
- 30:07The imagery comes from the Roman soldier
- 30:09chained to Paul's wrist.
- 30:11Paul looked at the man guarding him and
- 30:13saw a sermon standing right next to him.
- 30:17The second prison letter is Philippians,
- 30:19and the circumstances that produced it
- 30:21are almost impossible to believe.
- 30:24Philippi was the first church Paul
- 30:25planted on European soil.
- 30:28The first convert there was a
- 30:29businesswoman named Lydia, a dealer in
- 30:32expensive purple cloth.
- 30:34The church that grew in Philippi became
- 30:36Paul's most generous and loyal
- 30:38supporters.
- 30:39They sent him financial help multiple
- 30:41times when no other church did.
- 30:44Philippians chapter 4, verses 15 and 16.
- 30:48Now you Philippians know also that in
- 30:50the beginning of the gospel, when I
- 30:52departed from Macedonia, no church
- 30:54shared with me concerning giving and
- 30:56receiving, but you only.
- 30:58For even in Thessalonica, you sent aid
- 31:00once and again for my necessities. And
- 31:03now Paul writes to them from prison.
- 31:05And the word joy or rejoice appears 16
- 31:09times in four short chapters.
- 31:12Philippians chapter 4, verse 4.
- 31:14Rejoice in the Lord always. Again, I
- 31:17will say, rejoice.
- 31:20This is not a man in a comfortable study
- 31:21telling you to cheer up.
- 31:23This is a prisoner chained to a guard
- 31:25facing possible execution telling other
- 31:28people to be joyful.
- 31:30The joy he is describing does not come
- 31:32from what is happening around you.
- 31:34It comes from who is holding you.
- 31:37Chapter 2 of Philippians contains what
- 31:39many scholars believe is an early hymn
- 31:42or poem about Christ that was already
- 31:44circulating in the churches. One of the
- 31:46earliest and most profound statements
- 31:48about who Jesus is.
- 31:51Philippians chapter 2, verses 5 through
- 31:5311.
- 31:54Let this mind be in you which was also
- 31:56in Christ Jesus, who, being in the form
- 31:59of God, did not consider it robbery to
- 32:02be equal with God, but made himself of
- 32:04no reputation, taking the form of a
- 32:07bondservant, and coming in the likeness
- 32:09of men.
- 32:10And being found in appearance as a man,
- 32:13he humbled himself and became obedient
- 32:15to the point of death, even the death of
- 32:17the cross.
- 32:19Therefore, God also has highly exalted
- 32:21him and given him the name which is
- 32:23above every name, that at the name of
- 32:25Jesus every knee should bow, of those in
- 32:28heaven and of those on earth, and of
- 32:30those under the earth, and that every
- 32:32tongue should confess that Jesus Christ
- 32:34is Lord, to the glory of God the Father.
- 32:39God became a servant.
- 32:40The one who owns everything chose to own
- 32:42nothing.
- 32:44The one who commands angels chose to
- 32:46wash feet.
- 32:47And he went all the way down.
- 32:49Not to a comfortable life. Not to a
- 32:51quiet retirement. To a cross.
- 32:55And then God raised him to the highest
- 32:56place.
- 32:58That is the shape of the gospel.
- 33:00Not power climbing up, but love coming
- 33:02down. And God lifting it back up again.
- 33:06And then there is Philippians chapter 4,
- 33:08verse 13.
- 33:09One of the most quoted and most
- 33:11misunderstood verses in the Bible.
- 33:14I can do all things through Christ who
- 33:15strengthens me.
- 33:17In context, Paul is not talking about
- 33:19winning a competition or landing a
- 33:21promotion.
- 33:22Read the verse right before it, verse
- 33:2512.
- 33:26I know how to be abased, and I know how
- 33:28to abound.
- 33:29Everywhere and in all things I have
- 33:31learned both to be full and to be
- 33:33hungry, both to abound and to suffer
- 33:36need.
- 33:37The all things he can do is not about
- 33:39achievement. It is about endurance.
- 33:42Christ gives him the strength to handle
- 33:44abundance without arrogance and poverty
- 33:46without despair.
- 33:49The third prison letter goes to the
- 33:50church in Colossae, and it is about one
- 33:52thing.
- 33:53The absolute supremacy of Jesus Christ.
- 33:57False teachers in Colossae were mixing
- 33:59Christianity with Greek philosophy,
- 34:01angel worship, and extreme self-denial
- 34:03practices.
- 34:05Things like harsh treatment of the body
- 34:07and strict food rules that had nothing
- 34:09to do with God's commands.
- 34:11They were telling believers they needed
- 34:12something more than Christ. More secret
- 34:15knowledge, more rituals, more mystical
- 34:18experiences.
- 34:20Paul's response is one of the most
- 34:21majestic paragraphs in the New
- 34:23Testament.
- 34:24Colossians chapter 1, verses 15 through
- 34:2717.
- 34:28He is the image of the invisible God,
- 34:31the firstborn over all creation.
- 34:34For by him all things were created that
- 34:36are in heaven and that are on earth,
- 34:38visible and invisible, whether thrones
- 34:41or dominions or principalities or
- 34:43powers.
- 34:45All things were created through him and
- 34:47for him.
- 34:48And he is before all things, and in him
- 34:51all things consist.
- 34:53That last phrase,
- 34:55in him all things consist, it means hold
- 34:59together.
- 35:00Physicists today talk about the
- 35:01fundamental forces that keep atoms from
- 35:03flying apart, that keep the universe
- 35:06from dissolving into chaos.
- 35:08Paul, writing from a rented room 2,000
- 35:10years before quantum mechanics, says the
- 35:13force holding everything together has a
- 35:15name.
- 35:16And the name is Jesus.
- 35:18And then Paul makes it practical.
- 35:20Colossians chapter 2, verses 8 and 9.
- 35:24Beware lest anyone cheat you through
- 35:26philosophy and empty deceit, according
- 35:28to the tradition of men, according to
- 35:30the basic principles of the world, and
- 35:32not according to Christ.
- 35:34For in him dwells all the fullness of
- 35:37the Godhead bodily.
- 35:39If you have Christ, you have everything.
- 35:42Nobody needs to sell you an upgrade.
- 35:44And then there is the fourth prison
- 35:46letter, Philemon.
- 35:48Only 25 verses long. The shortest thing
- 35:51Paul ever wrote.
- 35:52And possibly the most human.
- 35:55Here is the backstory. In the
- 35:56first-century Roman Empire, slavery was
- 35:59everywhere.
- 36:00Historians estimate that slaves made up
- 36:02roughly a third of the population in the
- 36:04major cities.
- 36:05A slave had no legal rights.
- 36:08A runaway slave, if caught, could be
- 36:10beaten, branded on the forehead, or
- 36:12executed.
- 36:14There was no mercy built into the
- 36:15system.
- 36:16A man named Onesimus was enslaved to a
- 36:19Christian named Philemon in the city of
- 36:20Colossae.
- 36:22At some point, Onesimus apparently stole
- 36:24from his master and ran.
- 36:26He traveled over a thousand miles to
- 36:28Rome, probably hoping to disappear into
- 36:30the crowds of a city with over a million
- 36:33people.
- 36:34And there, somehow, in a city that
- 36:36massive, he ran into the Apostle Paul
- 36:39in prison.
- 36:40Paul shared the gospel with him.
- 36:42Onesimus believed, and he became
- 36:44genuinely useful to Paul, serving him
- 36:47faithfully during his imprisonment.
- 36:49But Paul knew that Onesimus had
- 36:51unfinished business.
- 36:52He had to go back.
- 36:54So Paul does something extraordinary.
- 36:56He writes a personal letter to Philemon
- 36:58and sends it with Onesimus.
- 37:00He does not command, he appeals.
- 37:03Verses 10 through 12.
- 37:05I appeal to you for my son Onesimus,
- 37:07whom I have begotten while in my chains,
- 37:10who once was unprofitable to you, but
- 37:12now is profitable to you and to me.
- 37:15I am sending him back. You therefore
- 37:17receive him, that is, my own heart.
- 37:20He calls a runaway slave his son, his
- 37:23own heart.
- 37:24And then verses 15 through 18.
- 37:27For perhaps he departed for a while for
- 37:29this purpose, that you might receive him
- 37:31forever, no longer as a slave, but more
- 37:33than a slave, a beloved brother,
- 37:36especially to me, but how much more to
- 37:37you, both in the flesh and in the Lord.
- 37:41If then you count me as a partner,
- 37:43receive him as you would me.
- 37:45But if he has wronged you or owes
- 37:46anything, put that on my account.
- 37:49Do you hear the echo in that?
- 37:51If he owes you anything, put it on my
- 37:53account.
- 37:55That is exactly what Christ does. He
- 37:57takes what we owe and says to the
- 37:59Father, "Charge it to me."
- 38:01Paul is not just writing a favor for a
- 38:03friend. He is acting out the gospel in a
- 38:05real relationship with real money and
- 38:08real consequences.
- 38:10And here is the detail that should stop
- 38:12you cold.
- 38:13There is a tradition based on the
- 38:15writings of Ignatius of Antioch around
- 38:17AD 107 that a man named Onesimus
- 38:20eventually became the bishop of the
- 38:22church in Ephesus.
- 38:24If this is the same Onesimus, and many
- 38:26scholars believe it is, then the runaway
- 38:28slave became a leader of one of the most
- 38:30important churches in the ancient world.
- 38:33From property to brother to shepherd of
- 38:35God's people.
- 38:37If this is giving you a new way to see
- 38:39these letters, help us reach more people
- 38:41with it.
- 38:42Subscribe, drop a comment, share this
- 38:44with someone who needs it.
- 38:46That is how this grows.
- 38:48Thank you.
- 38:49Four letters from one prison cell.
- 38:51A letter about God's eternal plan.
- 38:54A letter about joy in chains.
- 38:56A letter about Christ holding the
- 38:58universe together.
- 39:00And a letter about a runaway slave
- 39:02becoming a brother.
- 39:03That is what Paul did while chained to a
- 39:05Roman soldier.
- 39:07But the chains eventually come off.
- 39:10After Paul's first Roman imprisonment,
- 39:12the evidence from his later letters
- 39:13suggests he was released sometime around
- 39:16AD 62 or 63.
- 39:19He traveled again.
- 39:20He visited the island of Crete, where he
- 39:22left his associate Titus to organize the
- 39:24churches there.
- 39:26He visited Ephesus, where he stationed
- 39:28Timothy.
- 39:29He may have traveled as far west as
- 39:31Spain, though we cannot confirm that
- 39:33with certainty.
- 39:34And during this period of freedom, he
- 39:36wrote three more letters.
- 39:38These are not addressed to churches.
- 39:40They are written to two young pastors
- 39:42doing the hard, often thankless work of
- 39:44leading God's people day by day.
- 39:47The first is his letter to Timothy,
- 39:49known as 1 Timothy.
- 39:51Timothy had known Paul since he was a
- 39:53teenager.
- 39:54His mother, Eunice, and his grandmother,
- 39:56Lois, were women of deep faith.
- 39:59Paul called Timothy "My true son in the
- 40:01faith" in 1 Timothy chapter 1, verse 2.
- 40:05Timothy had traveled with Paul for more
- 40:07than a decade through riots and
- 40:09shipwrecks and midnight escapes. He was
- 40:11not untested.
- 40:13But now Paul had given him the hardest
- 40:15assignment of his life.
- 40:16Lead the church in Ephesus. Ephesus was
- 40:19one of the largest cities in the Roman
- 40:20Empire, home to the famous Temple of
- 40:22Artemis, one of the seven wonders of the
- 40:24ancient world.
- 40:26The church there was being torn apart by
- 40:28false teachers promoting strange
- 40:30doctrines. Paul describes it in chapter
- 40:321, verse 4.
- 40:34Neither give heed to fables and endless
- 40:36genealogies, which cause disputes rather
- 40:38than godly edification which is in
- 40:40faith.
- 40:42Church leadership was disorganized.
- 40:44Wealthy members were throwing their
- 40:45weight around. Widows were being
- 40:47neglected. It was chaos, and Timothy was
- 40:50young, and he was on his own.
- 40:52Paul writes to give him a handbook. Who
- 40:54qualifies to be an elder? What a deacon
- 40:57should look like?
- 40:58How to handle accusations against
- 41:00leaders?
- 41:01How to manage the church's money without
- 41:02scandal?
- 41:03Practical, gritty, pastoral guidance.
- 41:07But in the middle of all these
- 41:08instructions, Paul reveals his own
- 41:10heart.
- 41:111 Timothy chapter 1, verse 15.
- 41:14This is a faithful saying and worthy of
- 41:16all acceptance, that Christ Jesus came
- 41:19into the world to save sinners, of whom
- 41:21I am chief.
- 41:23Notice the tense. Not I was the worst.
- 41:26I am.
- 41:27Present tense.
- 41:29After decades of ministry, after
- 41:31planting churches across the empire,
- 41:33after writing the letter to the Romans,
- 41:35Paul still sees himself as the chief
- 41:37recipient of grace.
- 41:39The longer he walks with Christ, the
- 41:41more aware he becomes of how much he
- 41:42needs him.
- 41:43That is not false humility. That is
- 41:45spiritual maturity.
- 41:48The letter to Titus covers similar
- 41:49ground, but in a different setting.
- 41:51Paul had left Titus on the island of
- 41:53Crete to bring order to the churches
- 41:55there. And Crete was rough territory.
- 41:58Paul even quotes a Cretan philosopher
- 42:00named Epimenides, who once wrote that
- 42:02his own countrymen were always liars,
- 42:04evil beasts, lazy gluttons.
- 42:07And Paul, in Titus chapter 1, verse 13,
- 42:10says bluntly, "This testimony is true."
- 42:13He does not sugarcoat the assignment. He
- 42:15respects Titus enough to tell him the
- 42:17truth.
- 42:18You are planting in hard ground. Do not
- 42:20be surprised when it is hard.
- 42:22But tucked inside this practical letter
- 42:24is one of the most beautiful gospel
- 42:26summaries Paul ever wrote.
- 42:28Titus chapter 3, verses 4 through 7.
- 42:31But when the kindness and the love of
- 42:33God our savior toward man appeared, not
- 42:36by works of righteousness which we have
- 42:37done, but according to his mercy he
- 42:39saved us through the washing of
- 42:41regeneration and renewing of the Holy
- 42:43Spirit, whom he poured out on us
- 42:45abundantly through Jesus Christ our
- 42:47savior, that having been justified by
- 42:49his grace, we should become heirs
- 42:51according to the hope of eternal life.
- 42:54Not because of what we did, because of
- 42:56who he is.
- 42:57And now we come to the last letter. 2
- 43:00Timothy.
- 43:01And this one is different from all the
- 43:02rest.
- 43:03The world has changed. The year is
- 43:05roughly AD 66 or 67.
- 43:09The Emperor Nero, who had been slowly
- 43:11unraveling for years, reached a breaking
- 43:13point in AD 64 when a massive fire swept
- 43:17through Rome, destroying 10 of the
- 43:19city's 14 districts.
- 43:21The Roman historian Tacitus records that
- 43:23Nero blamed the Christians.
- 43:25A wave of persecution began that was
- 43:27unlike anything the church had faced
- 43:29before.
- 43:30Believers were arrested. Some were
- 43:32covered in animal skins and torn apart
- 43:34by dogs.
- 43:35Others were coated in pitch and set on
- 43:37fire as human torches to light Nero's
- 43:40garden parties.
- 43:41Paul was arrested again.
- 43:43And this time, it was nothing like
- 43:45before.
- 43:46His first imprisonment had been a rented
- 43:48house with visitors, conversations, and
- 43:50relative freedom.
- 43:52This second imprisonment was a dungeon.
- 43:54Tradition places him in what is known as
- 43:56the Mamertine Prison in Rome, an
- 43:58underground chamber carved into stone
- 44:00beneath the city streets, so deep that
- 44:03prisoners were lowered in through a hole
- 44:04in the ceiling.
- 44:062 Timothy chapter 2, verse 9.
- 44:09For which I suffer trouble as an
- 44:10evildoer, even to the point of chains,
- 44:13but the word of God is not chained.
- 44:16Even in chains, Paul reminds Timothy
- 44:18that the message cannot be locked up.
- 44:20His friend Onesiphorus had to search
- 44:22hard just to find where they were
- 44:23keeping him.
- 44:25Chapter 1, verses 16 and 17.
- 44:28The Lord grant mercy to the household of
- 44:30Onesiphorus, for he often refreshed me
- 44:33and was not ashamed of my chain. But
- 44:35when he arrived in Rome, he sought me
- 44:37out very diligently and found me. Most
- 44:39of Paul's companions were gone. Some had
- 44:41been sent out on missions to other
- 44:43cities. Some had been arrested
- 44:44themselves. And some had simply walked
- 44:46away.
- 44:472 Timothy chapter 4, verse 10.
- 44:50For Demas has forsaken me, having loved
- 44:52this present world, and has departed for
- 44:54Thessalonica.
- 44:56Only Luke, the physician and the author
- 44:58of the third gospel, was still with him.
- 45:00Chapter 4, verse 11.
- 45:02Only Luke is with me.
- 45:04And from that dungeon, chained and cold
- 45:06and nearly alone, Paul picks up his pen
- 45:08one last time, and he writes to Timothy,
- 45:11the son of his heart.
- 45:12He reminds Timothy of the faith that was
- 45:14passed to him through his grandmother
- 45:15Lois and his mother Eunice.
- 45:182 Timothy chapter 1, verse 5.
- 45:20When I call to remembrance the genuine
- 45:22faith that is in you, which dwelt first
- 45:24in your grandmother Lois and your mother
- 45:26Eunice, and I am persuaded is in you
- 45:28also.
- 45:29Then he tells him to fan into flame the
- 45:31gift of God.
- 45:32Chapter 1, verses 6 and 7.
- 45:35Therefore, I remind you to stir up the
- 45:37gift of God which is in you through the
- 45:38laying on of my hands. For God has not
- 45:41given us a spirit of fear, but of power
- 45:43and of love and of a sound mind.
- 45:46He gives Timothy his most urgent charge.
- 45:49Chapter 4, verses 1 and 2.
- 45:51I charge you therefore before God and
- 45:53the Lord Jesus Christ, who will judge
- 45:55the living and the dead at his appearing
- 45:57in his kingdom.
- 45:58Preach the word. Be ready in season and
- 46:01out of season. Convince, rebuke, exhort
- 46:04with all longsuffering and teaching.
- 46:07In season means when people want to hear
- 46:09it. Out of season means when they do
- 46:10not.
- 46:11Preach it anyway.
- 46:13And then Paul writes his own farewell.
- 46:152 Timothy chapter 4, verses 6 through 8.
- 46:19For I am already being poured out as a
- 46:20drink offering, and the time of my
- 46:22departure is at hand.
- 46:24In the Old Testament, a drink offering
- 46:26was wine poured out at the base of the
- 46:28altar as an act of total surrender to
- 46:30God.
- 46:31Paul is saying, "My life is being poured
- 46:33out completely. There is nothing left to
- 46:35hold back.
- 46:36I have fought the good fight. I have
- 46:38finished the race. I have kept the
- 46:40faith.
- 46:41Finally, there is laid up for me the
- 46:43crown of righteousness, which the Lord,
- 46:45the righteous judge, will give to me on
- 46:47that day, and not to me only, but also
- 46:49to all who have loved his appearing."
- 46:52He does not say he won every battle.
- 46:54He says he fought the good fight.
- 46:56He does not say he ran a perfect race.
- 46:58He says he finished it.
- 47:00He does not say he never doubted or
- 47:02struggled. He says he kept the faith.
- 47:05There is a difference between perfection
- 47:06and faithfulness, and Paul chose
- 47:08faithfulness.
- 47:10And then, in the very last personal
- 47:12request we have from Paul's pen, chapter
- 47:144, verse 13.
- 47:16Bring the cloak that I left with Carpus
- 47:18at Troas when you come, and the books,
- 47:20especially the parchments.
- 47:22And verse 21.
- 47:24Do your best to come before winter.
- 47:27A cold dungeon, an old man, almost
- 47:30everyone has left, and he asks for two
- 47:32things. A coat, because winter is coming
- 47:35and the stone is cold. And his books,
- 47:38because even on the edge of death, he
- 47:40wants to study. He wants to read. He
- 47:43wants to keep growing in the word even
- 47:45when the world has decided to throw him
- 47:46away.
- 47:48Church tradition, supported by early
- 47:49writers like Clement of Rome and the
- 47:51historian Eusebius, holds that Paul was
- 47:53beheaded in Rome under Nero, likely
- 47:56around AD 67 or 68.
- 47:59As a Roman citizen, he was granted
- 48:01execution by the sword rather than by
- 48:03crucifixion.
- 48:04Tradition says it happened on the road
- 48:06leading out of the city toward the port
- 48:07of Ostia.
- 48:09So there they are. 13 letters written
- 48:12across 15 years from cities and prison
- 48:15cells and rented rooms
- 48:17to churches in crisis and to young
- 48:19pastors barely holding things together.
- 48:21If you step back and look at them as a
- 48:23whole, you see something you cannot see
- 48:25when you read them one at a time.
- 48:27You see a man who started by fighting
- 48:29for a single idea, that salvation comes
- 48:31by grace through faith in Jesus Christ,
- 48:33and who then spent the rest of his life
- 48:35working out what that idea looks like
- 48:37when it touches every corner of real
- 48:39human existence.
- 48:40Marriage. Work. Slavery. Politics.
- 48:44Grief. The pull of sin.
- 48:47Community. Forgiveness.
- 48:49How to die.
- 48:51So what do these letters say to you
- 48:52right now? First, the gospel meets you
- 48:54where you are, not where you should be.
- 48:57To the Galatians, grace meant freedom
- 48:59from religious performance. To the
- 49:01Corinthians, grace meant learning to
- 49:03stop tearing each other apart.
- 49:05To the Romans, grace meant a new
- 49:07standing before God that no failure can
- 49:09undo.
- 49:10To Philemon, grace meant looking at a
- 49:12runaway slave and seeing a brother.
- 49:15Same gospel. Different lives. Different
- 49:18problems. Same answer.
- 49:20Wherever you are right now, whatever
- 49:22mess you are standing in, the gospel
- 49:24does not wait for you to clean up first.
- 49:26It walks into the room as it is.
- 49:29Second, suffering is not evidence that
- 49:31God has forgotten you. It may be
- 49:33evidence that he trusts you.
- 49:35Paul's letters are soaked in pain,
- 49:38beatings, betrayal, loneliness, illness,
- 49:41chains, and he never once treats
- 49:44suffering as proof that the mission has
- 49:45failed.
- 49:47He treats it as the very place where
- 49:48God's power shows up most clearly.
- 49:51My strength is made perfect in weakness.
- 49:54That is not a bumper sticker. That is a
- 49:56man who lived it for 30 years and wrote
- 49:58it down from a dungeon.
- 50:00And the third thing, the one that stays
- 50:02with me the most, is this.
- 50:04Your last chapter does not have to be
- 50:06your worst chapter.
- 50:07Look at how Paul ends. He does not end
- 50:09on a stage. He does not end with a
- 50:11stadium full of people cheering his
- 50:13name.
- 50:14He ends in a cold cell, almost alone,
- 50:17asking for a coat and some books.
- 50:19And yet his final words are not bitter.
- 50:22They are not angry. They are not full of
- 50:24regret. I have fought the good fight. I
- 50:26have finished the race. I have kept the
- 50:28faith.
- 50:30You do not have to finish strong by the
- 50:31world's definition. You do not have to
- 50:33finish with applause, or numbers, or
- 50:35influence. You just have to finish
- 50:38faithful.
- 50:3913 letters written on papyrus, carried
- 50:42by runners and sailors across the Roman
- 50:44Empire.
- 50:45They were not written for a bookshelf.
- 50:47They were written for people.
- 50:49Real people with real problems in real
- 50:51cities who needed to hear that grace is
- 50:53real, that Christ is alive, that
- 50:56suffering has a purpose, and that
- 50:57nothing in all creation, not death, not
- 51:00life, not angels, not demons, not the
- 51:03present, not the future, not any power,
- 51:05not height, not depth, not anything else
- 51:08that exists, can separate you from the
- 51:10love of God, which is in Christ Jesus,
- 51:12our Lord.
- 51:132,000 years later, the ink has not
- 51:15faded, and the power has not dimmed.
- 51:19If this opens something up for you, the
- 51:20biggest thing you can do is subscribe,
- 51:22leave a comment, and share this video
- 51:24with someone who needs it.
- 51:26That is genuinely how people find this
- 51:28content.
- 51:29We depend on you to spread the word.
- 51:31Please keep us in your prayers.
- 51:33God bless you.
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