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Every Letter the Apostle Paul Wrote, Explained in Order — Transcript

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  1. 0:00A man sits in a rented room in Rome,
  2. 0:02chained to a Roman soldier, and he picks
  3. 0:05up a pen.
  4. 0:06He is not writing a book. He is not
  5. 0:08composing theology for a seminary
  6. 0:10library. He is writing a letter to
  7. 0:12people he loves, people who are
  8. 0:14confused, people who are fighting,
  9. 0:17people who are drifting.
  10. 0:18And those letters, scribbled on papyrus,
  11. 0:21carried by hand across hundreds of miles
  12. 0:23of Roman roads and Mediterranean sea
  13. 0:25lanes, would become the most influential
  14. 0:27collection of personal correspondence in
  15. 0:29the history of the world.
  16. 0:3113 letters. That is what the New
  17. 0:34Testament attributes to the Apostle
  18. 0:35Paul.
  19. 0:3613 documents written over roughly 15
  20. 0:39years, from around AD 49 to around AD
  21. 0:4267.
  22. 0:43And here is something most people never
  23. 0:45realize. They were not written in the
  24. 0:47order you find them in your Bible.
  25. 0:49Your Bible arranges them by length,
  26. 0:52longest to shortest. Romans first,
  27. 0:55Philemon last. It would be like
  28. 0:57organizing someone's emails by word
  29. 0:59count instead of by date. You would lose
  30. 1:01the story completely.
  31. 1:03But if you read them in the order they
  32. 1:04were actually written, a completely
  33. 1:06different picture emerges.
  34. 1:08You can trace the arc of a man's life.
  35. 1:11You watch him fight for the gospel when
  36. 1:12it is barely off the ground. You watch
  37. 1:15him build churches from nothing in some
  38. 1:17of the most morally chaotic cities in
  39. 1:19the ancient world.
  40. 1:20You sit with him in prison cells. You
  41. 1:22feel the betrayal when people he trusted
  42. 1:24walk away.
  43. 1:26And you stand behind him in a dark Roman
  44. 1:28dungeon as he writes his last words to
  45. 1:30the young man he loved like a son,
  46. 1:32asking him to bring a cloak because
  47. 1:34winter is coming and the stone floor is
  48. 1:36cold.
  49. 1:37That is what we are going to do.
  50. 1:39We are going to walk through every
  51. 1:41single letter in the order Paul most
  52. 1:43likely wrote them. And we are going to
  53. 1:45see what each one was really about, why
  54. 1:47it mattered in that moment, and why it
  55. 1:50still speaks directly into your life
  56. 1:51right now.
  57. 1:53Let us start at the beginning. The first
  58. 1:55letter Paul ever wrote, or at least the
  59. 1:57earliest one we still have, is a letter
  60. 1:59written in anger. And it is the letter
  61. 2:01to the Galatians, written around AD 48
  62. 2:04or 49.
  63. 2:06And to understand why this letter burns
  64. 2:08the way it does, you need to know who is
  65. 2:10writing it.
  66. 2:12This is a man who once hunted Christians
  67. 2:14for a living, who stood by approving as
  68. 2:16a mob stoned Stephen to death in Acts
  69. 2:18chapter 7, and who was struck down by a
  70. 2:21blinding light on the road to Damascus
  71. 2:23by the very Christ he was trying to
  72. 2:25destroy.
  73. 2:26That man is now writing to defend the
  74. 2:28gospel he once tried to wipe off the
  75. 2:30earth.
  76. 2:31Paul had just returned from his first
  77. 2:33missionary journey. He had traveled
  78. 2:35through the region of Galatia, in
  79. 2:37modern-day central Turkey, preaching in
  80. 2:39cities like Pisidian Antioch, Iconium,
  81. 2:42Lystra, and Derbe.
  82. 2:44In Lystra, a mob stoned him with rocks
  83. 2:47and dragged his body outside the city,
  84. 2:49leaving him for dead.
  85. 2:51Acts chapter 14, verses 19 and 20, tells
  86. 2:55us what happened next.
  87. 2:56Then Jews came from Antioch and Iconium,
  88. 2:59and having persuaded the multitudes,
  89. 3:01they stoned Paul and dragged him out of
  90. 3:03the city, supposing him to be dead.
  91. 3:06However, when the disciples gathered
  92. 3:08around him, he rose up and went into the
  93. 3:10city.
  94. 3:11The next day, he moved on to the next
  95. 3:13town and kept preaching.
  96. 3:15He planted churches in every city he
  97. 3:17visited, and then he went home to
  98. 3:19Antioch in Syria.
  99. 3:21And then he got the news.
  100. 3:23Other teachers had come into those brand
  101. 3:25new churches and told the Gentile
  102. 3:26converts, the non-Jewish believers, that
  103. 3:29faith in Jesus was not enough. You also
  104. 3:32had to be circumcised.
  105. 3:34You had to follow the ceremonial
  106. 3:35requirements of the law of Moses. You
  107. 3:38had to become Jewish first, and then you
  108. 3:40could be Christian.
  109. 3:42These teachers are often called the
  110. 3:43Judaizers, meaning they were pushing
  111. 3:46Gentile believers to adopt Jewish
  112. 3:48customs as a condition for salvation.
  113. 3:50Think about what that means for a
  114. 3:52second. Paul had nearly died bringing
  115. 3:54these people the gospel.
  116. 3:56And now someone was telling them that
  117. 3:58what he brought them was incomplete.
  118. 4:00That grace needed a supplement.
  119. 4:02Paul's response is the angriest letter
  120. 4:04in the New Testament. Most of Paul's
  121. 4:07letters open with a warm Thanksgiving.
  122. 4:09I thank God for you every time I
  123. 4:11remember you. Not this one.
  124. 4:14Paul opens Galatians with this, chapter
  125. 4:161, verses 6 and 7.
  126. 4:19I marvel that you are turning away so
  127. 4:21soon from him who called you in the
  128. 4:22grace of Christ to a different gospel,
  129. 4:25which is not another. But there are some
  130. 4:27who trouble you and want to pervert the
  131. 4:29gospel of Christ. No warm greeting, no
  132. 4:31small talk. He skips the pleasantries
  133. 4:33entirely and gets right to the point.
  134. 4:36And then he drops a line that still hits
  135. 4:38hard. Galatians chapter 1, verse 8. But
  136. 4:42even if we or an angel from heaven
  137. 4:44preach any other gospel to you than what
  138. 4:46we have preached to you, let him be
  139. 4:48accursed.
  140. 4:49He says it once, and then he says it
  141. 4:51again in the very next verse, just so
  142. 4:53nobody can say they missed it. The heart
  143. 4:56of Galatians is one of the most
  144. 4:57important arguments in the history of
  145. 4:59Christianity. Paul says in chapter 2,
  146. 5:01verse 16, knowing that a man is not
  147. 5:04justified by the works of the law, but
  148. 5:06by faith in Jesus Christ, even we have
  149. 5:09believed in Christ Jesus that we might
  150. 5:11be justified by faith in Christ and not
  151. 5:13by the works of the law. For by the
  152. 5:15works of the law, no flesh shall be
  153. 5:18justified.
  154. 5:19That word, justified, simply means
  155. 5:22declared righteous, accepted by God, not
  156. 5:25because of what you have done, but
  157. 5:27because of what Christ has done for you.
  158. 5:29And then Paul goes all the way back to
  159. 5:31Abraham, centuries before Moses, and
  160. 5:34shows that Abraham was counted righteous
  161. 5:36because he believed God. Not because he
  162. 5:38followed a set of ceremonial rules that
  163. 5:40had not even been given yet. Galatians
  164. 5:43chapter 3, verse 6.
  165. 5:45Just as Abraham believed God, and it was
  166. 5:47accounted to him for righteousness.
  167. 5:50The ceremonial law, Paul argues, the
  168. 5:53rituals and sacrifices that were
  169. 5:54designed to teach Israel about the
  170. 5:56coming Messiah, like an illustration
  171. 5:58pointing to the real thing, those were
  172. 6:00added later as a guardian, a tutor, to
  173. 6:03point people toward their need for a
  174. 6:05savior.
  175. 6:06Galatians chapter 3, verses 24 and 25.
  176. 6:10Therefore, the law was our tutor to
  177. 6:11bring us to Christ that we might be
  178. 6:13justified by faith.
  179. 6:15But after faith has come, we are no
  180. 6:17longer under a tutor.
  181. 6:19Think of it like training wheels on a
  182. 6:20bike. They serve a purpose for a season,
  183. 6:23but once you learn to ride, you do not
  184. 6:25need them anymore.
  185. 6:27And the Bible itself makes a clear
  186. 6:28distinction between the two.
  187. 6:30The 10 Commandments were spoken by God
  188. 6:32directly with his own voice from Mount
  189. 6:34Sinai and written by his own finger on
  190. 6:37tablets of stone.
  191. 6:38Exodus chapter 31, verse 18. And when he
  192. 6:42had made an end of speaking with him on
  193. 6:43Mount Sinai, he gave Moses two tablets
  194. 6:46of the testimony, tablets of stone
  195. 6:48written with the finger of God. But the
  196. 6:50ceremonial laws, the sacrifices, the
  197. 6:53feast regulations, those were written by
  198. 6:55Moses in a separate book and placed
  199. 6:58beside the ark, not inside it.
  200. 7:00Deuteronomy chapter 31, verse 26.
  201. 7:04Take this book of the law and put it
  202. 7:06beside the ark of the covenant of the
  203. 7:07Lord your God.
  204. 7:09One was permanent, carved in stone by
  205. 7:11God himself. The other was temporary,
  206. 7:14written on parchment by a man, pointing
  207. 7:16forward to something greater.
  208. 7:18The moral law, the character of God
  209. 7:20expressed in the 10 Commandments, still
  210. 7:22stands because it reflects who God is.
  211. 7:26But the ceremonial system that was
  212. 7:27always pointing forward to Christ found
  213. 7:29its fulfillment when he arrived.
  214. 7:31And then Paul writes one of the most
  215. 7:33radical sentences in all of ancient
  216. 7:35literature.
  217. 7:36Galatians chapter 3, verse 28. There is
  218. 7:39neither Jew nor Greek. There is neither
  219. 7:41slave nor free. There is neither male
  220. 7:44nor female. For you are all one in
  221. 7:46Christ Jesus.
  222. 7:48In a world that was rigidly divided by
  223. 7:50ethnicity, social class, and gender,
  224. 7:52Paul declares that in Christ, every
  225. 7:55dividing wall has come down.
  226. 7:57Not that differences vanish, but that
  227. 7:59they no longer determine your standing
  228. 8:01before God.
  229. 8:03This is the letter that draws the line.
  230. 8:05Grace or performance.
  231. 8:07Faith or ritual. Freedom or chains. And
  232. 8:11Paul does not flinch.
  233. 8:13Now from Galatia, the story moves to
  234. 8:15Greece.
  235. 8:16Paul's second missionary journey takes
  236. 8:18him across the Aegean Sea into Europe
  237. 8:20for the first time, and he arrives in
  238. 8:22the city of Thessalonica, a major port
  239. 8:25city in northern Greece, the capital of
  240. 8:27the Roman province of Macedonia.
  241. 8:29This is around AD 50 or 51. Acts chapter
  242. 8:3317 tells us he preached in the synagogue
  243. 8:35there for three Sabbaths, and some Jews
  244. 8:38and a large number of God-fearing Greeks
  245. 8:40believed.
  246. 8:41But jealous opponents stirred up a mob.
  247. 8:44Acts chapter 17, verses 6 and 7.
  248. 8:48But when they did not find them, they
  249. 8:50dragged Jason and some brethren to the
  250. 8:52rulers of the city, crying out, These
  251. 8:55who have turned the world upside down
  252. 8:56have come here, too.
  253. 8:58Jason has harbored them, and these are
  254. 9:00all acting contrary to the decrees of
  255. 9:02Caesar, saying there is another king,
  256. 9:04Jesus.
  257. 9:06Paul had to flee the city at night. He
  258. 9:08had been there maybe a month.
  259. 9:10And now these brand new believers were
  260. 9:12on their own.
  261. 9:14He made it south to Athens, then to
  262. 9:16Corinth. And from Corinth, worried sick
  263. 9:19about the believers he had left behind,
  264. 9:21he sent his young associate Timothy back
  265. 9:23to Thessalonica to check on them.
  266. 9:26When Timothy returned with good news,
  267. 9:28Paul was so relieved he sat down and
  268. 9:30wrote what we now call First
  269. 9:31Thessalonians.
  270. 9:33It is one of the warmest, most
  271. 9:35affectionate letters Paul ever wrote.
  272. 9:37Chapter 2, verse 8. So affectionately
  273. 9:40longing for you, we were well pleased to
  274. 9:42impart to you not only the gospel of
  275. 9:44God, but also our own lives, because you
  276. 9:47had become dear to us.
  277. 9:49This is not a theologian writing a
  278. 9:51paper. This is a spiritual father who
  279. 9:53genuinely loves his children.
  280. 9:56But the Thessalonians had a question
  281. 9:57that was eating them alive. Some of
  282. 9:59their fellow believers had died since
  283. 10:01Paul left and they were terrified.
  284. 10:04They thought those who died would miss
  285. 10:06the second coming of Jesus.
  286. 10:08They were grieving not just because they
  287. 10:09lost people they loved, but because they
  288. 10:11thought those people were gone from the
  289. 10:13promise forever.
  290. 10:15Paul's answer is one of the most
  291. 10:16well-known passages in the Bible.
  292. 10:19First Thessalonians chapter 4 verses 13
  293. 10:22through 18.
  294. 10:23But I do not want you to be ignorant
  295. 10:25brethren concerning those who have
  296. 10:27fallen asleep, lest you sorrow as others
  297. 10:30who have no hope.
  298. 10:31For if we believe that Jesus died and
  299. 10:33rose again, even so God will bring with
  300. 10:36him those who sleep in Jesus.
  301. 10:38For this we say to you by the word of
  302. 10:40the Lord, that we who are alive and
  303. 10:42remain until the coming of the Lord will
  304. 10:45by no means precede those who are
  305. 10:47asleep.
  306. 10:48For the Lord himself will descend from
  307. 10:50heaven with a shout, with the voice of
  308. 10:52an archangel, and with the trumpet of
  309. 10:54God.
  310. 10:55And the dead in Christ will rise first.
  311. 10:58Then we who are alive and remain shall
  312. 11:00be caught up together with them in the
  313. 11:02clouds to meet the Lord in the air.
  314. 11:04And thus we shall always be with the
  315. 11:06Lord.
  316. 11:07Therefore, comfort one another with
  317. 11:09these words.
  318. 11:11The dead are not left behind. They are
  319. 11:13first in line.
  320. 11:15And notice how Paul ends that passage.
  321. 11:18Therefore, comfort one another with
  322. 11:19these words.
  323. 11:21This is not abstract theology. This is
  324. 11:23hope you can hold on to at a graveside.
  325. 11:26Shortly after that first letter, Paul
  326. 11:28had to write a second one because the
  327. 11:30church swung to the other extreme.
  328. 11:33Some people took the teaching about
  329. 11:34Jesus coming back and ran wild with it.
  330. 11:37They quit their jobs. They stopped
  331. 11:39contributing.
  332. 11:40They were just sitting around waiting
  333. 11:42for the end.
  334. 11:43Why work if the world is about to end?
  335. 11:46Paul had to correct them.
  336. 11:48Second Thessalonians chapter 3 verse 10.
  337. 11:51For even when we were with you, we
  338. 11:53commanded you this, if anyone will not
  339. 11:55work, neither shall he eat.
  340. 11:58Believing Jesus is coming back does not
  341. 12:00mean you stop being useful. It means you
  342. 12:03live with more purpose, not less.
  343. 12:06Hope is not passivity. Faith does not
  344. 12:08cancel responsibility.
  345. 12:11And here is something worth sitting with
  346. 12:12for a moment.
  347. 12:14Imagine being a brand new believer,
  348. 12:16maybe 30 days old in the faith, and your
  349. 12:18teacher had to run for his life in the
  350. 12:20middle of the night.
  351. 12:22You have no Bible, no church building,
  352. 12:24no seminary.
  353. 12:26Just a few weeks of teaching and now you
  354. 12:28are on your own.
  355. 12:29That is Thessalonica.
  356. 12:32And the fact that those believers held
  357. 12:33on, that Paul could write to them and
  358. 12:35say in chapter 1 verse 8, for from you
  359. 12:38the word of the Lord has sounded forth,
  360. 12:41not only in Macedonia and Achaia, but
  361. 12:43also in every place.
  362. 12:45That tells you something about what the
  363. 12:46Holy Spirit can do with a little bit of
  364. 12:48truth planted in honest soil.
  365. 12:51Now the story moves to one of the most
  366. 12:53important and most difficult churches
  367. 12:55Paul ever dealt with, Corinth.
  368. 12:58And his letters to this church, written
  369. 13:00around AD 53 to 56, are two of the
  370. 13:03longest and most intense he ever wrote.
  371. 13:07If Galatia was where Paul fought for
  372. 13:08doctrine, Corinth is where he had to
  373. 13:10fight for basic human decency. Corinth
  374. 13:13was one of the wealthiest and most
  375. 13:14morally chaotic cities in the Roman
  376. 13:16Empire.
  377. 13:17It sat on a narrow strip of land between
  378. 13:19two seas, a crossroads of trade routes
  379. 13:21connecting east and west. Sailors,
  380. 13:24merchants, and travelers from every
  381. 13:25corner of the empire passed through.
  382. 13:28The city had a temple to Aphrodite that,
  383. 13:30according to the ancient geographer
  384. 13:31Strabo, employed a large number of
  385. 13:33temple servants in its rituals.
  386. 13:35The phrase to live like a Corinthian was
  387. 13:38slang in the ancient world for living
  388. 13:40without any moral limits.
  389. 13:42That is the city where Paul planted a
  390. 13:44church.
  391. 13:45He spent 18 months there on his second
  392. 13:47missionary journey.
  393. 13:48He worked as a tentmaker during the day
  394. 13:50and preached at night.
  395. 13:51He built something real
  396. 13:53and then he left. And the church began
  397. 13:55to fracture almost immediately.
  398. 13:58First Corinthians reads like a pastor
  399. 13:59putting out fires one after another.
  400. 14:02The church is split into factions.
  401. 14:04Chapter 1 verse 12.
  402. 14:07Now I say this, that each of you says,
  403. 14:09"I am of Paul, or I am of Apollos, or I
  404. 14:13am of Cephas, or I am of Christ."
  405. 14:17They are suing each other in pagan
  406. 14:18courts over petty disputes.
  407. 14:21A man in the congregation is sleeping
  408. 14:22with his stepmother and instead of
  409. 14:24addressing it, the church is proud of
  410. 14:26how open-minded they are about it.
  411. 14:28Chapter 5 verse 1.
  412. 14:31It is actually reported that there is
  413. 14:32sexual immorality among you and such
  414. 14:34sexual immorality as is not even named
  415. 14:36among the Gentiles, that a man has his
  416. 14:39father's wife.
  417. 14:40People are getting drunk at the
  418. 14:41communion table.
  419. 14:43The Lord's Supper has turned into a
  420. 14:44dinner party where the rich eat well and
  421. 14:46the poor go hungry.
  422. 14:48They are arguing about spiritual gifts
  423. 14:50with some people treating their
  424. 14:51particular gift like a trophy and
  425. 14:53looking down on everyone else.
  426. 14:55Every chapter is a different fire and
  427. 14:57Paul addresses every single one.
  428. 15:00But right in the middle of a heated
  429. 15:01argument about spiritual gifts, Paul
  430. 15:03hits pause.
  431. 15:05And he writes what many consider the
  432. 15:06greatest passage ever composed about
  433. 15:08love.
  434. 15:09First Corinthians chapter 13 verses 1
  435. 15:12through 3.
  436. 15:13Though I speak with the tongues of men
  437. 15:15and of angels, but have not love, I have
  438. 15:17become sounding brass or a clanging
  439. 15:19cymbal.
  440. 15:21And though I have the gift of prophecy
  441. 15:22and understand all mysteries and all
  442. 15:24knowledge, and though I have faith so
  443. 15:26that I could remove mountains, but have
  444. 15:28not love, I am nothing.
  445. 15:30And though I bestow all my goods to feed
  446. 15:32the poor, and though I give my body to
  447. 15:34be burned, but have not love, it profits
  448. 15:37me nothing.
  449. 15:38And then verses 4 through 8. Love
  450. 15:40suffers long and is kind. Love does not
  451. 15:43envy. Love does not parade itself, is
  452. 15:46not puffed up, does not behave rudely,
  453. 15:48does not seek its own, is not provoked,
  454. 15:51thinks no evil, does not rejoice in
  455. 15:53iniquity, but rejoices in the truth,
  456. 15:55bears all things, believes all things,
  457. 15:58hopes all things, endures all things.
  458. 16:02Love never fails.
  459. 16:04Now here is what most people miss.
  460. 16:06This is not romantic poetry for a
  461. 16:07wedding card.
  462. 16:09In its original context, Paul is talking
  463. 16:11to a church that is ripping itself
  464. 16:12apart.
  465. 16:14He is telling them you can speak every
  466. 16:15language on earth and in heaven. You can
  467. 16:17give away everything you own. You can
  468. 16:19have faith that literally moves
  469. 16:21mountains, but if you do not have love,
  470. 16:23you are just noise.
  471. 16:25A clanging cymbal.
  472. 16:27All volume, no music.
  473. 16:29Then in chapter 15, Paul delivers the
  474. 16:32most thorough defense of the
  475. 16:33resurrection in the entire New
  476. 16:34Testament.
  477. 16:35He names the witnesses. He builds the
  478. 16:38case step by step.
  479. 16:40And he makes the stakes clear.
  480. 16:42Chapter 15 verses 17 through 20.
  481. 16:45And if Christ is not risen, your faith
  482. 16:47is futile. You are still in your sins.
  483. 16:50Then also those who have fallen asleep
  484. 16:52in Christ have perished.
  485. 16:54If in this life only we have hope in
  486. 16:56Christ, we are of all men the most
  487. 16:58pitiable.
  488. 16:59But now Christ is risen from the dead
  489. 17:01and has become the first fruits of those
  490. 17:03who have fallen asleep.
  491. 17:05That word first fruits comes from the
  492. 17:07harvest.
  493. 17:08The first fruits were the very first
  494. 17:09crop to come up out of the ground and
  495. 17:11they were the guarantee that the rest of
  496. 17:13the harvest was coming.
  497. 17:15Paul is saying that Christ's
  498. 17:16resurrection is not just one event. It
  499. 17:19is the first crop. It is the proof that
  500. 17:21everyone who belongs to him will rise,
  501. 17:23too.
  502. 17:24The resurrection is not an appendix to
  503. 17:26the gospel. It is the gospel. Now second
  504. 17:28Corinthians comes later and the mood has
  505. 17:30completely shifted. Between the two
  506. 17:32letters, something deeply painful
  507. 17:34happened. Paul visited Corinth and was
  508. 17:37publicly humiliated by someone in the
  509. 17:39church. We do not know the exact
  510. 17:41details. He left hurt. He wrote what he
  511. 17:44calls a severe letter filled with tears,
  512. 17:47which we no longer have.
  513. 17:49By the time he sits down to write second
  514. 17:51Corinthians, some in the church have
  515. 17:52repented, but others are still attacking
  516. 17:55him. False teachers have arrived calling
  517. 17:57themselves super apostles, acting as
  518. 18:00though they were more qualified and more
  519. 18:02spiritual than Paul, questioning his
  520. 18:04credentials, saying he is weak in person
  521. 18:07and only impressive on paper.
  522. 18:09And Paul's defense is unlike anything
  523. 18:11else in his writings. He does not list
  524. 18:13his miracles. He lists his scars. Second
  525. 18:16Corinthians chapter 11 verses 24 through
  526. 18:1928.
  527. 18:21From the Jews five times I received 40
  528. 18:23stripes minus one.
  529. 18:25Three times I was beaten with rods. Once
  530. 18:27I was stoned. Three times I was
  531. 18:29shipwrecked. A night and a day I have
  532. 18:31been in the deep. In journeys often, in
  533. 18:34perils of waters, in perils of robbers,
  534. 18:37in perils of my own countrymen, in
  535. 18:39perils of the Gentiles, in perils in the
  536. 18:41city, in perils in the wilderness, in
  537. 18:44perils in the sea, in perils among false
  538. 18:47brethren, in weariness and toil, in
  539. 18:50sleeplessness often, in hunger and
  540. 18:52thirst, in fastings often, in cold and
  541. 18:55nakedness. Besides the other things,
  542. 18:57what comes upon me daily, my deep
  543. 18:59concern for all the churches. That is
  544. 19:02his resume. Not power, pain. And at the
  545. 19:06very end, the thing that weighs on him
  546. 19:07most is not the beatings. It is his
  547. 19:10concern for the churches.
  548. 19:12And then he shares something he has
  549. 19:13apparently never shared publicly before.
  550. 19:16Second Corinthians chapter 12 verses 7
  551. 19:18through 10.
  552. 19:20And lest I should be exalted above
  553. 19:21measure by the abundance of the
  554. 19:23revelations, a thorn in the flesh was
  555. 19:25given to me, a messenger of Satan to
  556. 19:27buffet me, lest I be exalted above
  557. 19:30measure.
  558. 19:31Concerning this thing, I pleaded with
  559. 19:33the Lord three times that it might
  560. 19:34depart from me.
  561. 19:35And he said to me, "My grace is
  562. 19:37sufficient for you, for my strength is
  563. 19:39made perfect in weakness."
  564. 19:41Therefore, most gladly I will rather
  565. 19:43boast in my infirmities, that the power
  566. 19:46of Christ may rest upon me.
  567. 19:48Therefore, I take pleasure in
  568. 19:49infirmities, in reproaches, in needs, in
  569. 19:52persecutions, in distresses, for
  570. 19:55Christ's sake. For when I am weak, then
  571. 19:58I am strong. We do not know what that
  572. 20:00thorn was. Scholars have guessed
  573. 20:02everything from chronic eye disease to
  574. 20:04epilepsy to a persistent human enemy.
  575. 20:07But whatever it was, it tormented him.
  576. 20:10And he begged God three times to take it
  577. 20:12away.
  578. 20:13Three times, and God's answer was not
  579. 20:15yes.
  580. 20:17God's answer was, "My grace is
  581. 20:18sufficient for you."
  582. 20:20Paul did not get the miracle he prayed
  583. 20:22for. He got something God considered
  584. 20:24better. The grace to endure it. That
  585. 20:26single answer has carried millions of
  586. 20:28people who prayed for healing and got
  587. 20:30endurance instead.
  588. 20:32Who prayed for the storm to stop and got
  589. 20:34the strength to walk through it. So let
  590. 20:37us take a breath and look at where we
  591. 20:38have been. Four churches, four
  592. 20:41completely different problems. In
  593. 20:43Galatia, people were adding requirements
  594. 20:45to the gospel and Paul told them grace
  595. 20:47is enough.
  596. 20:48In Thessalonica, people were grieving
  597. 20:51and confused about the dead and Paul
  598. 20:53told them the dead in Christ rise first.
  599. 20:56In Corinth, people were tearing each
  600. 20:58other apart with pride and division and
  601. 21:00Paul told them without love, nothing
  602. 21:02else matters.
  603. 21:04And in his second letter to Corinth,
  604. 21:06Paul himself was broken open and he
  605. 21:08learned that God's power shows up most
  606. 21:10clearly in weakness. Four letters and
  607. 21:13the same Christ at the center of every
  608. 21:15one. If this is helping you see these
  609. 21:17letters in a way you have not seen them
  610. 21:18before, help us get this to someone
  611. 21:21else. Subscribe, leave a comment, share
  612. 21:23it with a friend. That is how more
  613. 21:25people find this. Thank you for being
  614. 21:27here. Corinth is behind him now, but
  615. 21:30something bigger is ahead. There is one
  616. 21:32church Paul has never visited, one city
  617. 21:35he has been longing to reach.
  618. 21:37Rome. The center of the world.
  619. 21:40And around AD 57, before he gets there,
  620. 21:43he sends ahead the most carefully
  621. 21:45argued, theologically complete letter he
  622. 21:47will ever write. If Galatians is a
  623. 21:49street fight over grace, Romans is the
  624. 21:51full courtroom case.
  625. 21:53Paul is building an argument
  626. 21:54step-by-step, layer-by-layer, from the
  627. 21:56foundation up. And what makes this
  628. 21:58letter remarkable is that he is writing
  629. 22:00to a church he did not plant. He has
  630. 22:03never met most of these people. So he
  631. 22:05cannot rely on personal relationships.
  632. 22:07He has to let the argument speak for
  633. 22:08itself.
  634. 22:10And it does.
  635. 22:11He starts with the bad news and he does
  636. 22:13not soften it. Romans chapters 1 through
  637. 22:153, every human being, Jew and Gentile,
  638. 22:18religious and irreligious, stands guilty
  639. 22:20before God. Romans chapter 3 verse 23,
  640. 22:24"For all have sinned and fall short of
  641. 22:26the glory of God."
  642. 22:27Nobody gets a pass. The most moral
  643. 22:29person you know is still short of God's
  644. 22:31standard. That is the diagnosis.
  645. 22:34Then he presents the cure.
  646. 22:36Romans chapter 3 verses 24 and 25,
  647. 22:39"Being justified freely by his grace
  648. 22:41through the redemption that is in Christ
  649. 22:42Jesus, whom God set forth as a
  650. 22:44propitiation by his blood through
  651. 22:46faith."
  652. 22:47Justified, meaning declared right with
  653. 22:49God.
  654. 22:50Freely, meaning not earned, not
  655. 22:52purchased by your performance, given.
  656. 22:55Then he takes you deeper. Chapter 5,
  657. 22:58because of what Christ did, we have
  658. 23:00peace with God. Romans chapter 5 verse
  659. 23:021,
  660. 23:03"Therefore, having been justified by
  661. 23:05faith, we have peace with God through
  662. 23:07our Lord Jesus Christ."
  663. 23:09Chapter 6, sin is no longer your master.
  664. 23:12Romans 6:14, "For sin shall not have
  665. 23:14dominion over you, for you are not under
  666. 23:16law, but under grace."
  667. 23:19And chapter 7, the internal war that
  668. 23:21every honest believer knows.
  669. 23:23Romans chapter 7 verses 18 and 19,
  670. 23:26"For I know that in me, that is, in my
  671. 23:28flesh, nothing good dwells." "For to
  672. 23:30will is present with me, but how to
  673. 23:32perform what is good I do not find."
  674. 23:35"For the good that I will to do, I do
  675. 23:36not do, but the evil I will not to do,
  676. 23:39that I practice."
  677. 23:41If you have ever felt that frustration,
  678. 23:42that gap between knowing the right thing
  679. 23:44and actually doing it, Paul felt it,
  680. 23:46too.
  681. 23:47You are not broken. You are in the
  682. 23:49fight.
  683. 23:50And then chapter 8. Many scholars
  684. 23:52consider Romans 8 the single greatest
  685. 23:54chapter in the Bible. It opens in verse
  686. 23:571, "There is therefore now no
  687. 23:58condemnation to those who are in Christ
  688. 24:00Jesus, who do not walk according to the
  689. 24:02flesh, but according to the spirit."
  690. 24:05No condemnation. Not reduced
  691. 24:07condemnation. Not you are forgiven for
  692. 24:09now, but we will see how you do. None.
  693. 24:13And it closes with a declaration that
  694. 24:14reads like a mountain being planted in
  695. 24:16the middle of the ocean.
  696. 24:17Romans chapter 8 verses 38 and 39,
  697. 24:21"For I am persuaded that neither death
  698. 24:23nor life, nor angels, nor
  699. 24:25principalities, nor powers, nor things
  700. 24:27present, nor things to come, nor height,
  701. 24:29nor depth, nor any other created thing,
  702. 24:32shall be able to separate us from the
  703. 24:33love of God which is in Christ Jesus our
  704. 24:35Lord."
  705. 24:37Paul lists everything that might
  706. 24:38threaten you. Death, life, supernatural
  707. 24:41powers, time itself, the deepest pit and
  708. 24:44the highest height. And his conclusion
  709. 24:46is, none of it is strong enough.
  710. 24:49But Romans is not done. Chapters 9
  711. 24:51through 11 wrestle with the question
  712. 24:53that kept Paul up at night. What about
  713. 24:55Israel?
  714. 24:56If the gospel is for everyone now, has
  715. 24:58God abandoned the people he originally
  716. 25:00chose?
  717. 25:01Paul's answer is an emphatic no.
  718. 25:03Romans chapter 11 verse 29, "For the
  719. 25:06gifts and the calling of God are
  720. 25:08irrevocable."
  721. 25:09That means God does not take back what
  722. 25:11he has promised. The olive tree, which
  723. 25:13is Paul's image for God's covenant
  724. 25:15people, has not been uprooted. New
  725. 25:17branches have been grafted in, meaning
  726. 25:19Gentile believers have been brought into
  727. 25:21the same family.
  728. 25:23And the story is not over.
  729. 25:24And then chapters 12 through 16 show
  730. 25:26what a life shaped by this gospel
  731. 25:28actually looks like day-to-day.
  732. 25:30Romans chapter 12 verses 1 and 2, "I
  733. 25:33beseech you therefore, brethren, by the
  734. 25:35mercies of God, that you present your
  735. 25:37bodies a living sacrifice, holy,
  736. 25:39acceptable to God, which is your
  737. 25:41reasonable service."
  738. 25:43"And do not be conformed to this world,
  739. 25:45but be transformed by the renewing of
  740. 25:46your mind, that you may prove what is
  741. 25:48that good and acceptable and perfect
  742. 25:50will of God."
  743. 25:52A living sacrifice means instead of
  744. 25:54bringing an animal to an altar, you
  745. 25:56bring yourself, your choices, your time,
  746. 25:58your energy, every day.
  747. 26:00And Romans chapter 12 verse 21, "Do not
  748. 26:03be overcome by evil, but overcome evil
  749. 26:06with good."
  750. 26:07Romans is the letter that changed the
  751. 26:09world and that is not an exaggeration.
  752. 26:12Augustine of Hippo was reading Romans
  753. 26:14chapter 13 in a garden in Milan in AD
  754. 26:16386 when he experienced his conversion.
  755. 26:20Martin Luther was studying Romans in
  756. 26:221515 when the idea that we are made
  757. 26:25right with God by faith alone broke open
  758. 26:27and the Protestant Reformation ignited.
  759. 26:31John Wesley was listening to someone
  760. 26:33read Luther's introduction to Romans on
  761. 26:35May 24th, 1738 when he felt his heart
  762. 26:39strangely warmed and the Methodist
  763. 26:41movement was born.
  764. 26:44Three different centuries, three
  765. 26:46different men, the same letter, the same
  766. 26:49gospel, the same power.
  767. 26:53After all that writing, Paul finally
  768. 26:55boards a ship for Rome, but not the way
  769. 26:58he planned. He arrives in chains.
  770. 27:02After being arrested in the temple in
  771. 27:03Jerusalem, spending two years in a Roman
  772. 27:05prison in Caesarea, appealing his case
  773. 27:08to Caesar as was his right as a Roman
  774. 27:10citizen, and surviving a shipwreck off
  775. 27:13the island of Malta where the ship broke
  776. 27:15apart in the storm, Paul lands in Rome
  777. 27:17around AD 60.
  778. 27:19Acts chapter 28 verse 30 and 31 tells
  779. 27:23us,
  780. 27:24"Then Paul dwelt two whole years in his
  781. 27:26own rented house and received all who
  782. 27:29came to him, preaching the kingdom of
  783. 27:31God and teaching the things which
  784. 27:32concern the Lord Jesus Christ with all
  785. 27:35confidence." "No one forbidding him."
  786. 27:38He was chained to a rotating guard of
  787. 27:40Roman soldiers, but allowed to receive
  788. 27:42visitors.
  789. 27:43And from that room, chained to those
  790. 27:45soldiers, he writes four letters that
  791. 27:47scholars call the prison epistles.
  792. 27:50Each one is different and each one
  793. 27:52reveals something about Christ that the
  794. 27:54others do not.
  795. 27:56The first is the letter to the Ephesians
  796. 27:59and it is the most cosmic thing Paul
  797. 28:01ever wrote.
  798. 28:02It pulls the camera back further than
  799. 28:04any of his other letters.
  800. 28:06Ephesians chapter 1 verse 4,
  801. 28:09"Just as he chose us in him before the
  802. 28:11foundation of the world that we should
  803. 28:13be holy and without blame before him in
  804. 28:16love."
  805. 28:17Before there were galaxies or oceans or
  806. 28:19human beings drawing breath, God had a
  807. 28:22plan. And you were in it.
  808. 28:24Not as an afterthought, as a purpose.
  809. 28:28Ephesians chapter 2 verses 8 through 10,
  810. 28:31"For by grace you have been saved
  811. 28:33through faith, and that not of
  812. 28:35yourselves, it is the gift of God, not
  813. 28:37of works, lest anyone should boast."
  814. 28:41"For we are his workmanship, created in
  815. 28:43Christ Jesus for good works, which God
  816. 28:45prepared beforehand that we should walk
  817. 28:47in them."
  818. 28:49Three things in that passage. It is by
  819. 28:51grace, it is through faith, and it is
  820. 28:53not from you.
  821. 28:55The gift and the ability to receive it
  822. 28:57both come from God.
  823. 28:59And notice verse 10,
  824. 29:01you are not saved by good works, but you
  825. 29:03are saved for good works.
  826. 29:05God already prepared the work for you to
  827. 29:07walk into.
  828. 29:09Then Paul moves from the heavenly to the
  829. 29:11daily.
  830. 29:12How married couples should serve each
  831. 29:13other. How parents should raise their
  832. 29:16children.
  833. 29:17Ephesians chapter 6 verse 4,
  834. 29:20"And you, fathers, do not provoke your
  835. 29:23children to wrath, but bring them up in
  836. 29:25the
  837. 29:28And then, the famous armor of God.
  838. 29:31Ephesians chapter 6 verses 13 through
  839. 29:3317,
  840. 29:35"Therefore, take up the whole armor of
  841. 29:37God, that you may be able to withstand
  842. 29:39in the evil day, and having done all, to
  843. 29:41stand."
  844. 29:43"Stand therefore, having girded your
  845. 29:45waist with truth, having put on the
  846. 29:47breastplate of righteousness, and having
  847. 29:48shod your feet with the preparation of
  848. 29:50the gospel of peace.
  849. 29:52Above all, taking the shield of faith,
  850. 29:54with which you will be able to quench
  851. 29:56all the fiery darts of the wicked one.
  852. 29:59And take the helmet of salvation, and
  853. 30:01the sword of the spirit, which is the
  854. 30:02word of God.
  855. 30:04And here is the detail people miss.
  856. 30:07The imagery comes from the Roman soldier
  857. 30:09chained to Paul's wrist.
  858. 30:11Paul looked at the man guarding him and
  859. 30:13saw a sermon standing right next to him.
  860. 30:17The second prison letter is Philippians,
  861. 30:19and the circumstances that produced it
  862. 30:21are almost impossible to believe.
  863. 30:24Philippi was the first church Paul
  864. 30:25planted on European soil.
  865. 30:28The first convert there was a
  866. 30:29businesswoman named Lydia, a dealer in
  867. 30:32expensive purple cloth.
  868. 30:34The church that grew in Philippi became
  869. 30:36Paul's most generous and loyal
  870. 30:38supporters.
  871. 30:39They sent him financial help multiple
  872. 30:41times when no other church did.
  873. 30:44Philippians chapter 4, verses 15 and 16.
  874. 30:48Now you Philippians know also that in
  875. 30:50the beginning of the gospel, when I
  876. 30:52departed from Macedonia, no church
  877. 30:54shared with me concerning giving and
  878. 30:56receiving, but you only.
  879. 30:58For even in Thessalonica, you sent aid
  880. 31:00once and again for my necessities. And
  881. 31:03now Paul writes to them from prison.
  882. 31:05And the word joy or rejoice appears 16
  883. 31:09times in four short chapters.
  884. 31:12Philippians chapter 4, verse 4.
  885. 31:14Rejoice in the Lord always. Again, I
  886. 31:17will say, rejoice.
  887. 31:20This is not a man in a comfortable study
  888. 31:21telling you to cheer up.
  889. 31:23This is a prisoner chained to a guard
  890. 31:25facing possible execution telling other
  891. 31:28people to be joyful.
  892. 31:30The joy he is describing does not come
  893. 31:32from what is happening around you.
  894. 31:34It comes from who is holding you.
  895. 31:37Chapter 2 of Philippians contains what
  896. 31:39many scholars believe is an early hymn
  897. 31:42or poem about Christ that was already
  898. 31:44circulating in the churches. One of the
  899. 31:46earliest and most profound statements
  900. 31:48about who Jesus is.
  901. 31:51Philippians chapter 2, verses 5 through
  902. 31:5311.
  903. 31:54Let this mind be in you which was also
  904. 31:56in Christ Jesus, who, being in the form
  905. 31:59of God, did not consider it robbery to
  906. 32:02be equal with God, but made himself of
  907. 32:04no reputation, taking the form of a
  908. 32:07bondservant, and coming in the likeness
  909. 32:09of men.
  910. 32:10And being found in appearance as a man,
  911. 32:13he humbled himself and became obedient
  912. 32:15to the point of death, even the death of
  913. 32:17the cross.
  914. 32:19Therefore, God also has highly exalted
  915. 32:21him and given him the name which is
  916. 32:23above every name, that at the name of
  917. 32:25Jesus every knee should bow, of those in
  918. 32:28heaven and of those on earth, and of
  919. 32:30those under the earth, and that every
  920. 32:32tongue should confess that Jesus Christ
  921. 32:34is Lord, to the glory of God the Father.
  922. 32:39God became a servant.
  923. 32:40The one who owns everything chose to own
  924. 32:42nothing.
  925. 32:44The one who commands angels chose to
  926. 32:46wash feet.
  927. 32:47And he went all the way down.
  928. 32:49Not to a comfortable life. Not to a
  929. 32:51quiet retirement. To a cross.
  930. 32:55And then God raised him to the highest
  931. 32:56place.
  932. 32:58That is the shape of the gospel.
  933. 33:00Not power climbing up, but love coming
  934. 33:02down. And God lifting it back up again.
  935. 33:06And then there is Philippians chapter 4,
  936. 33:08verse 13.
  937. 33:09One of the most quoted and most
  938. 33:11misunderstood verses in the Bible.
  939. 33:14I can do all things through Christ who
  940. 33:15strengthens me.
  941. 33:17In context, Paul is not talking about
  942. 33:19winning a competition or landing a
  943. 33:21promotion.
  944. 33:22Read the verse right before it, verse
  945. 33:2512.
  946. 33:26I know how to be abased, and I know how
  947. 33:28to abound.
  948. 33:29Everywhere and in all things I have
  949. 33:31learned both to be full and to be
  950. 33:33hungry, both to abound and to suffer
  951. 33:36need.
  952. 33:37The all things he can do is not about
  953. 33:39achievement. It is about endurance.
  954. 33:42Christ gives him the strength to handle
  955. 33:44abundance without arrogance and poverty
  956. 33:46without despair.
  957. 33:49The third prison letter goes to the
  958. 33:50church in Colossae, and it is about one
  959. 33:52thing.
  960. 33:53The absolute supremacy of Jesus Christ.
  961. 33:57False teachers in Colossae were mixing
  962. 33:59Christianity with Greek philosophy,
  963. 34:01angel worship, and extreme self-denial
  964. 34:03practices.
  965. 34:05Things like harsh treatment of the body
  966. 34:07and strict food rules that had nothing
  967. 34:09to do with God's commands.
  968. 34:11They were telling believers they needed
  969. 34:12something more than Christ. More secret
  970. 34:15knowledge, more rituals, more mystical
  971. 34:18experiences.
  972. 34:20Paul's response is one of the most
  973. 34:21majestic paragraphs in the New
  974. 34:23Testament.
  975. 34:24Colossians chapter 1, verses 15 through
  976. 34:2717.
  977. 34:28He is the image of the invisible God,
  978. 34:31the firstborn over all creation.
  979. 34:34For by him all things were created that
  980. 34:36are in heaven and that are on earth,
  981. 34:38visible and invisible, whether thrones
  982. 34:41or dominions or principalities or
  983. 34:43powers.
  984. 34:45All things were created through him and
  985. 34:47for him.
  986. 34:48And he is before all things, and in him
  987. 34:51all things consist.
  988. 34:53That last phrase,
  989. 34:55in him all things consist, it means hold
  990. 34:59together.
  991. 35:00Physicists today talk about the
  992. 35:01fundamental forces that keep atoms from
  993. 35:03flying apart, that keep the universe
  994. 35:06from dissolving into chaos.
  995. 35:08Paul, writing from a rented room 2,000
  996. 35:10years before quantum mechanics, says the
  997. 35:13force holding everything together has a
  998. 35:15name.
  999. 35:16And the name is Jesus.
  1000. 35:18And then Paul makes it practical.
  1001. 35:20Colossians chapter 2, verses 8 and 9.
  1002. 35:24Beware lest anyone cheat you through
  1003. 35:26philosophy and empty deceit, according
  1004. 35:28to the tradition of men, according to
  1005. 35:30the basic principles of the world, and
  1006. 35:32not according to Christ.
  1007. 35:34For in him dwells all the fullness of
  1008. 35:37the Godhead bodily.
  1009. 35:39If you have Christ, you have everything.
  1010. 35:42Nobody needs to sell you an upgrade.
  1011. 35:44And then there is the fourth prison
  1012. 35:46letter, Philemon.
  1013. 35:48Only 25 verses long. The shortest thing
  1014. 35:51Paul ever wrote.
  1015. 35:52And possibly the most human.
  1016. 35:55Here is the backstory. In the
  1017. 35:56first-century Roman Empire, slavery was
  1018. 35:59everywhere.
  1019. 36:00Historians estimate that slaves made up
  1020. 36:02roughly a third of the population in the
  1021. 36:04major cities.
  1022. 36:05A slave had no legal rights.
  1023. 36:08A runaway slave, if caught, could be
  1024. 36:10beaten, branded on the forehead, or
  1025. 36:12executed.
  1026. 36:14There was no mercy built into the
  1027. 36:15system.
  1028. 36:16A man named Onesimus was enslaved to a
  1029. 36:19Christian named Philemon in the city of
  1030. 36:20Colossae.
  1031. 36:22At some point, Onesimus apparently stole
  1032. 36:24from his master and ran.
  1033. 36:26He traveled over a thousand miles to
  1034. 36:28Rome, probably hoping to disappear into
  1035. 36:30the crowds of a city with over a million
  1036. 36:33people.
  1037. 36:34And there, somehow, in a city that
  1038. 36:36massive, he ran into the Apostle Paul
  1039. 36:39in prison.
  1040. 36:40Paul shared the gospel with him.
  1041. 36:42Onesimus believed, and he became
  1042. 36:44genuinely useful to Paul, serving him
  1043. 36:47faithfully during his imprisonment.
  1044. 36:49But Paul knew that Onesimus had
  1045. 36:51unfinished business.
  1046. 36:52He had to go back.
  1047. 36:54So Paul does something extraordinary.
  1048. 36:56He writes a personal letter to Philemon
  1049. 36:58and sends it with Onesimus.
  1050. 37:00He does not command, he appeals.
  1051. 37:03Verses 10 through 12.
  1052. 37:05I appeal to you for my son Onesimus,
  1053. 37:07whom I have begotten while in my chains,
  1054. 37:10who once was unprofitable to you, but
  1055. 37:12now is profitable to you and to me.
  1056. 37:15I am sending him back. You therefore
  1057. 37:17receive him, that is, my own heart.
  1058. 37:20He calls a runaway slave his son, his
  1059. 37:23own heart.
  1060. 37:24And then verses 15 through 18.
  1061. 37:27For perhaps he departed for a while for
  1062. 37:29this purpose, that you might receive him
  1063. 37:31forever, no longer as a slave, but more
  1064. 37:33than a slave, a beloved brother,
  1065. 37:36especially to me, but how much more to
  1066. 37:37you, both in the flesh and in the Lord.
  1067. 37:41If then you count me as a partner,
  1068. 37:43receive him as you would me.
  1069. 37:45But if he has wronged you or owes
  1070. 37:46anything, put that on my account.
  1071. 37:49Do you hear the echo in that?
  1072. 37:51If he owes you anything, put it on my
  1073. 37:53account.
  1074. 37:55That is exactly what Christ does. He
  1075. 37:57takes what we owe and says to the
  1076. 37:59Father, "Charge it to me."
  1077. 38:01Paul is not just writing a favor for a
  1078. 38:03friend. He is acting out the gospel in a
  1079. 38:05real relationship with real money and
  1080. 38:08real consequences.
  1081. 38:10And here is the detail that should stop
  1082. 38:12you cold.
  1083. 38:13There is a tradition based on the
  1084. 38:15writings of Ignatius of Antioch around
  1085. 38:17AD 107 that a man named Onesimus
  1086. 38:20eventually became the bishop of the
  1087. 38:22church in Ephesus.
  1088. 38:24If this is the same Onesimus, and many
  1089. 38:26scholars believe it is, then the runaway
  1090. 38:28slave became a leader of one of the most
  1091. 38:30important churches in the ancient world.
  1092. 38:33From property to brother to shepherd of
  1093. 38:35God's people.
  1094. 38:37If this is giving you a new way to see
  1095. 38:39these letters, help us reach more people
  1096. 38:41with it.
  1097. 38:42Subscribe, drop a comment, share this
  1098. 38:44with someone who needs it.
  1099. 38:46That is how this grows.
  1100. 38:48Thank you.
  1101. 38:49Four letters from one prison cell.
  1102. 38:51A letter about God's eternal plan.
  1103. 38:54A letter about joy in chains.
  1104. 38:56A letter about Christ holding the
  1105. 38:58universe together.
  1106. 39:00And a letter about a runaway slave
  1107. 39:02becoming a brother.
  1108. 39:03That is what Paul did while chained to a
  1109. 39:05Roman soldier.
  1110. 39:07But the chains eventually come off.
  1111. 39:10After Paul's first Roman imprisonment,
  1112. 39:12the evidence from his later letters
  1113. 39:13suggests he was released sometime around
  1114. 39:16AD 62 or 63.
  1115. 39:19He traveled again.
  1116. 39:20He visited the island of Crete, where he
  1117. 39:22left his associate Titus to organize the
  1118. 39:24churches there.
  1119. 39:26He visited Ephesus, where he stationed
  1120. 39:28Timothy.
  1121. 39:29He may have traveled as far west as
  1122. 39:31Spain, though we cannot confirm that
  1123. 39:33with certainty.
  1124. 39:34And during this period of freedom, he
  1125. 39:36wrote three more letters.
  1126. 39:38These are not addressed to churches.
  1127. 39:40They are written to two young pastors
  1128. 39:42doing the hard, often thankless work of
  1129. 39:44leading God's people day by day.
  1130. 39:47The first is his letter to Timothy,
  1131. 39:49known as 1 Timothy.
  1132. 39:51Timothy had known Paul since he was a
  1133. 39:53teenager.
  1134. 39:54His mother, Eunice, and his grandmother,
  1135. 39:56Lois, were women of deep faith.
  1136. 39:59Paul called Timothy "My true son in the
  1137. 40:01faith" in 1 Timothy chapter 1, verse 2.
  1138. 40:05Timothy had traveled with Paul for more
  1139. 40:07than a decade through riots and
  1140. 40:09shipwrecks and midnight escapes. He was
  1141. 40:11not untested.
  1142. 40:13But now Paul had given him the hardest
  1143. 40:15assignment of his life.
  1144. 40:16Lead the church in Ephesus. Ephesus was
  1145. 40:19one of the largest cities in the Roman
  1146. 40:20Empire, home to the famous Temple of
  1147. 40:22Artemis, one of the seven wonders of the
  1148. 40:24ancient world.
  1149. 40:26The church there was being torn apart by
  1150. 40:28false teachers promoting strange
  1151. 40:30doctrines. Paul describes it in chapter
  1152. 40:321, verse 4.
  1153. 40:34Neither give heed to fables and endless
  1154. 40:36genealogies, which cause disputes rather
  1155. 40:38than godly edification which is in
  1156. 40:40faith.
  1157. 40:42Church leadership was disorganized.
  1158. 40:44Wealthy members were throwing their
  1159. 40:45weight around. Widows were being
  1160. 40:47neglected. It was chaos, and Timothy was
  1161. 40:50young, and he was on his own.
  1162. 40:52Paul writes to give him a handbook. Who
  1163. 40:54qualifies to be an elder? What a deacon
  1164. 40:57should look like?
  1165. 40:58How to handle accusations against
  1166. 41:00leaders?
  1167. 41:01How to manage the church's money without
  1168. 41:02scandal?
  1169. 41:03Practical, gritty, pastoral guidance.
  1170. 41:07But in the middle of all these
  1171. 41:08instructions, Paul reveals his own
  1172. 41:10heart.
  1173. 41:111 Timothy chapter 1, verse 15.
  1174. 41:14This is a faithful saying and worthy of
  1175. 41:16all acceptance, that Christ Jesus came
  1176. 41:19into the world to save sinners, of whom
  1177. 41:21I am chief.
  1178. 41:23Notice the tense. Not I was the worst.
  1179. 41:26I am.
  1180. 41:27Present tense.
  1181. 41:29After decades of ministry, after
  1182. 41:31planting churches across the empire,
  1183. 41:33after writing the letter to the Romans,
  1184. 41:35Paul still sees himself as the chief
  1185. 41:37recipient of grace.
  1186. 41:39The longer he walks with Christ, the
  1187. 41:41more aware he becomes of how much he
  1188. 41:42needs him.
  1189. 41:43That is not false humility. That is
  1190. 41:45spiritual maturity.
  1191. 41:48The letter to Titus covers similar
  1192. 41:49ground, but in a different setting.
  1193. 41:51Paul had left Titus on the island of
  1194. 41:53Crete to bring order to the churches
  1195. 41:55there. And Crete was rough territory.
  1196. 41:58Paul even quotes a Cretan philosopher
  1197. 42:00named Epimenides, who once wrote that
  1198. 42:02his own countrymen were always liars,
  1199. 42:04evil beasts, lazy gluttons.
  1200. 42:07And Paul, in Titus chapter 1, verse 13,
  1201. 42:10says bluntly, "This testimony is true."
  1202. 42:13He does not sugarcoat the assignment. He
  1203. 42:15respects Titus enough to tell him the
  1204. 42:17truth.
  1205. 42:18You are planting in hard ground. Do not
  1206. 42:20be surprised when it is hard.
  1207. 42:22But tucked inside this practical letter
  1208. 42:24is one of the most beautiful gospel
  1209. 42:26summaries Paul ever wrote.
  1210. 42:28Titus chapter 3, verses 4 through 7.
  1211. 42:31But when the kindness and the love of
  1212. 42:33God our savior toward man appeared, not
  1213. 42:36by works of righteousness which we have
  1214. 42:37done, but according to his mercy he
  1215. 42:39saved us through the washing of
  1216. 42:41regeneration and renewing of the Holy
  1217. 42:43Spirit, whom he poured out on us
  1218. 42:45abundantly through Jesus Christ our
  1219. 42:47savior, that having been justified by
  1220. 42:49his grace, we should become heirs
  1221. 42:51according to the hope of eternal life.
  1222. 42:54Not because of what we did, because of
  1223. 42:56who he is.
  1224. 42:57And now we come to the last letter. 2
  1225. 43:00Timothy.
  1226. 43:01And this one is different from all the
  1227. 43:02rest.
  1228. 43:03The world has changed. The year is
  1229. 43:05roughly AD 66 or 67.
  1230. 43:09The Emperor Nero, who had been slowly
  1231. 43:11unraveling for years, reached a breaking
  1232. 43:13point in AD 64 when a massive fire swept
  1233. 43:17through Rome, destroying 10 of the
  1234. 43:19city's 14 districts.
  1235. 43:21The Roman historian Tacitus records that
  1236. 43:23Nero blamed the Christians.
  1237. 43:25A wave of persecution began that was
  1238. 43:27unlike anything the church had faced
  1239. 43:29before.
  1240. 43:30Believers were arrested. Some were
  1241. 43:32covered in animal skins and torn apart
  1242. 43:34by dogs.
  1243. 43:35Others were coated in pitch and set on
  1244. 43:37fire as human torches to light Nero's
  1245. 43:40garden parties.
  1246. 43:41Paul was arrested again.
  1247. 43:43And this time, it was nothing like
  1248. 43:45before.
  1249. 43:46His first imprisonment had been a rented
  1250. 43:48house with visitors, conversations, and
  1251. 43:50relative freedom.
  1252. 43:52This second imprisonment was a dungeon.
  1253. 43:54Tradition places him in what is known as
  1254. 43:56the Mamertine Prison in Rome, an
  1255. 43:58underground chamber carved into stone
  1256. 44:00beneath the city streets, so deep that
  1257. 44:03prisoners were lowered in through a hole
  1258. 44:04in the ceiling.
  1259. 44:062 Timothy chapter 2, verse 9.
  1260. 44:09For which I suffer trouble as an
  1261. 44:10evildoer, even to the point of chains,
  1262. 44:13but the word of God is not chained.
  1263. 44:16Even in chains, Paul reminds Timothy
  1264. 44:18that the message cannot be locked up.
  1265. 44:20His friend Onesiphorus had to search
  1266. 44:22hard just to find where they were
  1267. 44:23keeping him.
  1268. 44:25Chapter 1, verses 16 and 17.
  1269. 44:28The Lord grant mercy to the household of
  1270. 44:30Onesiphorus, for he often refreshed me
  1271. 44:33and was not ashamed of my chain. But
  1272. 44:35when he arrived in Rome, he sought me
  1273. 44:37out very diligently and found me. Most
  1274. 44:39of Paul's companions were gone. Some had
  1275. 44:41been sent out on missions to other
  1276. 44:43cities. Some had been arrested
  1277. 44:44themselves. And some had simply walked
  1278. 44:46away.
  1279. 44:472 Timothy chapter 4, verse 10.
  1280. 44:50For Demas has forsaken me, having loved
  1281. 44:52this present world, and has departed for
  1282. 44:54Thessalonica.
  1283. 44:56Only Luke, the physician and the author
  1284. 44:58of the third gospel, was still with him.
  1285. 45:00Chapter 4, verse 11.
  1286. 45:02Only Luke is with me.
  1287. 45:04And from that dungeon, chained and cold
  1288. 45:06and nearly alone, Paul picks up his pen
  1289. 45:08one last time, and he writes to Timothy,
  1290. 45:11the son of his heart.
  1291. 45:12He reminds Timothy of the faith that was
  1292. 45:14passed to him through his grandmother
  1293. 45:15Lois and his mother Eunice.
  1294. 45:182 Timothy chapter 1, verse 5.
  1295. 45:20When I call to remembrance the genuine
  1296. 45:22faith that is in you, which dwelt first
  1297. 45:24in your grandmother Lois and your mother
  1298. 45:26Eunice, and I am persuaded is in you
  1299. 45:28also.
  1300. 45:29Then he tells him to fan into flame the
  1301. 45:31gift of God.
  1302. 45:32Chapter 1, verses 6 and 7.
  1303. 45:35Therefore, I remind you to stir up the
  1304. 45:37gift of God which is in you through the
  1305. 45:38laying on of my hands. For God has not
  1306. 45:41given us a spirit of fear, but of power
  1307. 45:43and of love and of a sound mind.
  1308. 45:46He gives Timothy his most urgent charge.
  1309. 45:49Chapter 4, verses 1 and 2.
  1310. 45:51I charge you therefore before God and
  1311. 45:53the Lord Jesus Christ, who will judge
  1312. 45:55the living and the dead at his appearing
  1313. 45:57in his kingdom.
  1314. 45:58Preach the word. Be ready in season and
  1315. 46:01out of season. Convince, rebuke, exhort
  1316. 46:04with all longsuffering and teaching.
  1317. 46:07In season means when people want to hear
  1318. 46:09it. Out of season means when they do
  1319. 46:10not.
  1320. 46:11Preach it anyway.
  1321. 46:13And then Paul writes his own farewell.
  1322. 46:152 Timothy chapter 4, verses 6 through 8.
  1323. 46:19For I am already being poured out as a
  1324. 46:20drink offering, and the time of my
  1325. 46:22departure is at hand.
  1326. 46:24In the Old Testament, a drink offering
  1327. 46:26was wine poured out at the base of the
  1328. 46:28altar as an act of total surrender to
  1329. 46:30God.
  1330. 46:31Paul is saying, "My life is being poured
  1331. 46:33out completely. There is nothing left to
  1332. 46:35hold back.
  1333. 46:36I have fought the good fight. I have
  1334. 46:38finished the race. I have kept the
  1335. 46:40faith.
  1336. 46:41Finally, there is laid up for me the
  1337. 46:43crown of righteousness, which the Lord,
  1338. 46:45the righteous judge, will give to me on
  1339. 46:47that day, and not to me only, but also
  1340. 46:49to all who have loved his appearing."
  1341. 46:52He does not say he won every battle.
  1342. 46:54He says he fought the good fight.
  1343. 46:56He does not say he ran a perfect race.
  1344. 46:58He says he finished it.
  1345. 47:00He does not say he never doubted or
  1346. 47:02struggled. He says he kept the faith.
  1347. 47:05There is a difference between perfection
  1348. 47:06and faithfulness, and Paul chose
  1349. 47:08faithfulness.
  1350. 47:10And then, in the very last personal
  1351. 47:12request we have from Paul's pen, chapter
  1352. 47:144, verse 13.
  1353. 47:16Bring the cloak that I left with Carpus
  1354. 47:18at Troas when you come, and the books,
  1355. 47:20especially the parchments.
  1356. 47:22And verse 21.
  1357. 47:24Do your best to come before winter.
  1358. 47:27A cold dungeon, an old man, almost
  1359. 47:30everyone has left, and he asks for two
  1360. 47:32things. A coat, because winter is coming
  1361. 47:35and the stone is cold. And his books,
  1362. 47:38because even on the edge of death, he
  1363. 47:40wants to study. He wants to read. He
  1364. 47:43wants to keep growing in the word even
  1365. 47:45when the world has decided to throw him
  1366. 47:46away.
  1367. 47:48Church tradition, supported by early
  1368. 47:49writers like Clement of Rome and the
  1369. 47:51historian Eusebius, holds that Paul was
  1370. 47:53beheaded in Rome under Nero, likely
  1371. 47:56around AD 67 or 68.
  1372. 47:59As a Roman citizen, he was granted
  1373. 48:01execution by the sword rather than by
  1374. 48:03crucifixion.
  1375. 48:04Tradition says it happened on the road
  1376. 48:06leading out of the city toward the port
  1377. 48:07of Ostia.
  1378. 48:09So there they are. 13 letters written
  1379. 48:12across 15 years from cities and prison
  1380. 48:15cells and rented rooms
  1381. 48:17to churches in crisis and to young
  1382. 48:19pastors barely holding things together.
  1383. 48:21If you step back and look at them as a
  1384. 48:23whole, you see something you cannot see
  1385. 48:25when you read them one at a time.
  1386. 48:27You see a man who started by fighting
  1387. 48:29for a single idea, that salvation comes
  1388. 48:31by grace through faith in Jesus Christ,
  1389. 48:33and who then spent the rest of his life
  1390. 48:35working out what that idea looks like
  1391. 48:37when it touches every corner of real
  1392. 48:39human existence.
  1393. 48:40Marriage. Work. Slavery. Politics.
  1394. 48:44Grief. The pull of sin.
  1395. 48:47Community. Forgiveness.
  1396. 48:49How to die.
  1397. 48:51So what do these letters say to you
  1398. 48:52right now? First, the gospel meets you
  1399. 48:54where you are, not where you should be.
  1400. 48:57To the Galatians, grace meant freedom
  1401. 48:59from religious performance. To the
  1402. 49:01Corinthians, grace meant learning to
  1403. 49:03stop tearing each other apart.
  1404. 49:05To the Romans, grace meant a new
  1405. 49:07standing before God that no failure can
  1406. 49:09undo.
  1407. 49:10To Philemon, grace meant looking at a
  1408. 49:12runaway slave and seeing a brother.
  1409. 49:15Same gospel. Different lives. Different
  1410. 49:18problems. Same answer.
  1411. 49:20Wherever you are right now, whatever
  1412. 49:22mess you are standing in, the gospel
  1413. 49:24does not wait for you to clean up first.
  1414. 49:26It walks into the room as it is.
  1415. 49:29Second, suffering is not evidence that
  1416. 49:31God has forgotten you. It may be
  1417. 49:33evidence that he trusts you.
  1418. 49:35Paul's letters are soaked in pain,
  1419. 49:38beatings, betrayal, loneliness, illness,
  1420. 49:41chains, and he never once treats
  1421. 49:44suffering as proof that the mission has
  1422. 49:45failed.
  1423. 49:47He treats it as the very place where
  1424. 49:48God's power shows up most clearly.
  1425. 49:51My strength is made perfect in weakness.
  1426. 49:54That is not a bumper sticker. That is a
  1427. 49:56man who lived it for 30 years and wrote
  1428. 49:58it down from a dungeon.
  1429. 50:00And the third thing, the one that stays
  1430. 50:02with me the most, is this.
  1431. 50:04Your last chapter does not have to be
  1432. 50:06your worst chapter.
  1433. 50:07Look at how Paul ends. He does not end
  1434. 50:09on a stage. He does not end with a
  1435. 50:11stadium full of people cheering his
  1436. 50:13name.
  1437. 50:14He ends in a cold cell, almost alone,
  1438. 50:17asking for a coat and some books.
  1439. 50:19And yet his final words are not bitter.
  1440. 50:22They are not angry. They are not full of
  1441. 50:24regret. I have fought the good fight. I
  1442. 50:26have finished the race. I have kept the
  1443. 50:28faith.
  1444. 50:30You do not have to finish strong by the
  1445. 50:31world's definition. You do not have to
  1446. 50:33finish with applause, or numbers, or
  1447. 50:35influence. You just have to finish
  1448. 50:38faithful.
  1449. 50:3913 letters written on papyrus, carried
  1450. 50:42by runners and sailors across the Roman
  1451. 50:44Empire.
  1452. 50:45They were not written for a bookshelf.
  1453. 50:47They were written for people.
  1454. 50:49Real people with real problems in real
  1455. 50:51cities who needed to hear that grace is
  1456. 50:53real, that Christ is alive, that
  1457. 50:56suffering has a purpose, and that
  1458. 50:57nothing in all creation, not death, not
  1459. 51:00life, not angels, not demons, not the
  1460. 51:03present, not the future, not any power,
  1461. 51:05not height, not depth, not anything else
  1462. 51:08that exists, can separate you from the
  1463. 51:10love of God, which is in Christ Jesus,
  1464. 51:12our Lord.
  1465. 51:132,000 years later, the ink has not
  1466. 51:15faded, and the power has not dimmed.
  1467. 51:19If this opens something up for you, the
  1468. 51:20biggest thing you can do is subscribe,
  1469. 51:22leave a comment, and share this video
  1470. 51:24with someone who needs it.
  1471. 51:26That is genuinely how people find this
  1472. 51:28content.
  1473. 51:29We depend on you to spread the word.
  1474. 51:31Please keep us in your prayers.
  1475. 51:33God bless you.

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