Double Displacement Reactions Experiment — Transcript

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1. 0:00[Music]
2. 0:09for double displacement reaction
3. 0:12we have a table
4. 0:15a double displacement reaction or
5. 0:18methods reaction what is happening
6. 0:21is like you have two solutions the
7. 0:23reaction takes place in aqueous
8. 0:24solutions
9. 0:26your two solution that they are aqueous
10. 0:28solution you are mixing together
11. 0:30and if you see evidence for reaction
12. 0:32either you say reaction take place the
13. 0:34reaction is happening
14. 0:36and if there is no evidence for reaction
15. 0:39there would be no reaction
16. 0:41what is evidence for reaction if solid
17. 0:43forms
18. 0:45a precipitate forms then there is a
19. 0:47evidence for reaction if gas forms
20. 0:51that's evidence for reaction if a liquid
21. 0:53forms
22. 0:54that's evidence for reaction
23. 0:56if color changes you see a obvious color
24. 0:59change then you have
25. 1:00evidence for
26. 1:02reaction
27. 1:04so basically
28. 1:06in this case for this experiment
29. 1:09when you you are we are going to take
30. 1:11our test tube a
31. 1:14or test of one these are one to twelve
32. 1:16okay we have 12 test tube
33. 1:18in test tube one we are going to add
34. 1:21solution of barium chloride and solution
35. 1:24of sodium sulfate these two are in
36. 1:27solution form because those both of them
37. 1:29are soluble
38. 1:30when if they go through metastasis
39. 1:32reaction
40. 1:34then
41. 1:36they would be exchanging partner
42. 1:38is going to be barium going with sulfate
43. 1:41the cation from the first one goes with
44. 1:43anion with the second one so it's going
45. 1:45to be barium sulfate
46. 1:48and sodium chloride
47. 1:51so it's going to form barium sulfate
48. 1:53with sodium chloride now
49. 1:56if either barium sulfate or sodium
50. 1:59chloride is insoluble in this in aqueous
51. 2:02wall in in water
52. 2:04you are going to see formation of
53. 2:06precipitate in the aqueous solution
54. 2:08so if one of the product forms a
55. 2:11precipitate
56. 2:12then you know that is not
57. 2:15um that's the evidence for reaction you
58. 2:18know one of your product is not soluble
59. 2:20you can actually predict
60. 2:22based on solubility charge if the
61. 2:24precipitate is going to form or not and
62. 2:27you can identify what is the precipitate
63. 2:29that is forming
64. 2:31because when you look at the
65. 2:33sulfates in this chart
66. 2:36and your professor is going to explain
67. 2:38the chart
68. 2:39again
69. 2:40so sulfates are all soluble
70. 2:43and the next line you have exceptions
71. 2:46so sulfates are soluble with exceptions
72. 2:48too
73. 2:54calcium sulfate barium sulfate silver
74. 2:56sulfate so this means barium sulfate is
75. 2:59not soluble so for test tube a if you
76. 3:02see a reaction that reaction
77. 3:06the precipitate forms is not the
78. 3:08precipitate of nacl it's not sodium
79. 3:11chloride that is forming because sodium
80. 3:12chloride if it forms a soluble water but
81. 3:15it's going to be the precipitate of the
82. 3:18barium sulfate that is forming so you
83. 3:21are going to use your solubility chart
84. 3:24whenever you have a precipitate
85. 3:27you are going to use your solubility
86. 3:29chart to identify what was the
87. 3:31precipitate because this
88. 3:33chart is saying what combinations is
89. 3:36going to be soluble like if your
90. 3:38compound contains
91. 3:39group 1a it would always be soluble it
92. 3:42doesn't matter if you're sodium chloride
93. 3:44if it's sodium bromide or sodium acetate
94. 3:46or sodium sulfate whatever it is that
95. 3:49has sodium is going to be soluble if it
96. 3:51has
97. 3:52nitrate is going to be soluble if it has
98. 3:56acetate is going to be soluble or
99. 3:58ammonium ion is going to be soluble
100. 4:01with no exceptions and everything else
101. 4:03there are some exceptions that you have
102. 4:05to look at the chart and identify your
103. 4:08your
104. 4:10precipitate what is the perceptive
105. 4:12if you mix two clear solution
106. 4:15you end up with clear solution that
107. 4:16means no reaction happens no precipitate
108. 4:18happens because there was no benefit for
109. 4:21that reaction and your product is
110. 4:23soluble in
111. 4:25uh your product is soluble in water
112. 4:31okay
113. 4:32i'm going to start with the test tube
114. 4:34i'm going to label the test tube testing
115. 4:361 2
116. 4:3812
117. 4:39and i'm not writing these formulas on
118. 4:41the test tubes what they are because i
119. 4:43have the table to follow i know for
120. 4:46testing one i'm going to add barium
121. 4:48chloride and sodium
122. 4:50uh sulfate so i'm going to take my test
123. 4:52tube one and add the
124. 4:55barium
125. 4:56chloride and sodium sulfate
126. 4:59tested one barium chloride sodium
127. 5:02sulfate they have it all
128. 5:04in one place so i'm going to be
129. 5:06looking for them
130. 5:08to find it but
131. 5:10so i'm adding
132. 5:12five drops of barium chloride
133. 5:16and then
134. 5:17i add
135. 5:19sodium sulfate
136. 5:23sodium sulfate
137. 5:24this is for my test tube one
138. 5:26barium chloride i'm adding sodium
139. 5:28sulfate
140. 5:32adding three drops of sodium sulfate
141. 5:34okay
142. 5:39the product
143. 5:41is milky that means there was one
144. 5:43product that was not soluble in water if
145. 5:45everything is soluble you would see
146. 5:47clear solution just like water
147. 5:49so
148. 5:50if it's precipitate forming we identify
149. 5:53the precipitate using the solubility
150. 5:55table but since i already looked up this
151. 5:57one is the barium
152. 6:00sulfate so that's our tested one
153. 6:12test tube two
154. 6:13we have silver nitrate and sodium
155. 6:16chloride
156. 6:18silver nitrate
157. 6:25all nitrates are soluble
158. 6:27so you see the silver nitrate is a clear
159. 6:30solution
160. 6:32sodium chloride also is a clear solution
161. 6:35when i'm adding the two
162. 6:40a precipitate forms
163. 6:42that precipitate
164. 6:44is not sodium nitrate because we know
165. 6:47any compound that contains sodium is
166. 6:49soluble any compound contains nitrate is
167. 6:52soluble so is not sodium nitrate it's
168. 6:54going to be the silver
169. 6:56chloride because they switch partner
170. 6:59sodium chloride silver nitrate now
171. 7:02sodium goes with
172. 7:04nitrate and silver goes with chloride so
173. 7:07this is the
174. 7:08silver chloride so you identify your
175. 7:11test tube tree we have lead nitrate and
176. 7:14potassium iodine
177. 7:17that nitrate i'm going to add
178. 7:20a few drops of lead nitrate
179. 7:24and add
180. 7:26lead nitrate clear solution again
181. 7:30potassium iodide
182. 7:32ki
183. 7:33clear solution
184. 7:38and then is forming a
185. 7:40yellow color precipitate so record your
186. 7:43observation
187. 7:45when you are mixing the solution
188. 7:47of lead nitrate with potassium iodide
189. 7:51what happens when you add the two
190. 7:53together is there any evidence for
191. 7:55reaction yes
192. 7:57it's color change and it's cloudy so
193. 7:59definitely there is a reaction there
194. 8:01testing for we have barium chloride and
195. 8:04sodium carbonate
196. 8:06carbon chloride
197. 8:13i have sodium carbonate
198. 8:18clear solution
199. 8:21here
200. 8:22okay right
201. 8:24and barium chloride we used it earlier
202. 8:32we got barium carbonate
203. 8:35okay
204. 8:36so test tube 4 also precipitated so we
205. 8:40have a precipitate
206. 8:43and that should be barium carbonate
207. 8:45because we mix the barium chloride with
208. 8:48sodium carbonate
209. 8:51when the switching partner
210. 8:54sodium would go to chloride
211. 8:56and value
212. 8:59carbonate
213. 9:02test tube five
214. 9:03sodium hydroxide and ammonium chloride
215. 9:07tested five
216. 9:09sodium hydroxide
217. 9:16clear solution
218. 9:18sodium hydroxide being added
219. 9:20that sodium hydroxide
220. 9:23and then
221. 9:25i have another clear solution of
222. 9:27ammonium chloride anything that has
223. 9:30ammonium soluble of course
224. 9:32i mix it together
225. 9:36and i get
226. 9:39clear solution
227. 9:41what does it mean
228. 9:43it means that this mixture did not form
229. 9:46any perceptive
230. 9:48there is no evidence for reaction
231. 9:51so for five there would be
232. 9:54no reaction so five no reaction test
233. 9:58tube six
234. 10:00lead nitrate with sodium sulfate lead
235. 10:04nitrate
236. 10:09sodium sulfate with lead nitrate i'm
237. 10:12gonna add few drops
238. 10:21test loop number six
239. 10:25white precipitate
240. 10:27that's going to be lead soul fate
241. 10:31remember partners are changing sodium
242. 10:34was with sulfate lead was with nitrate
243. 10:36now let goes with
244. 10:38sulfate let's open
245. 10:44seven hydrochloric acid
246. 10:48and sodium sulfide
247. 11:08test tip 7
248. 11:13no reaction either
249. 11:15so mark no reaction for seven
250. 11:18test tube eight
251. 11:21we have copper sulfate and sodium
252. 11:24hydroxide
253. 11:34sodium hydroxide
254. 11:39and copper sulfate
255. 11:53the blue color stays but the blue color
256. 11:56that we have for copper sulfate is uh
257. 11:59is
258. 12:00clear blue color but this one is cloudy
259. 12:03so there is a reaction
260. 12:07blue color precipitate that change the
261. 12:10solution to cloudy
262. 12:13mixture of solid and liquid
263. 12:16so test tube 8
264. 12:18yes reaction
265. 12:20and you have blue color perceptive
266. 12:24test tube 9
267. 12:27we have lead nitrate and potassium
268. 12:29chromate
269. 12:31we have red nitrate
270. 12:36see
271. 12:37it's
272. 12:39clear
273. 12:40colorless solution
274. 12:43of lead nitrate
275. 12:46calcium chloramate
276. 12:49is clear
277. 12:51but yellow color solution there is no
278. 12:53precipitate in there
279. 12:55there is no solid both of them are
280. 12:57aqueous solution
281. 12:59one hat just happened to be
282. 13:02a
283. 13:04yellow color
284. 13:05but it's clear when you mix it you get
285. 13:08this yellow color
286. 13:09precipitate
287. 13:11so for test tube 9
288. 13:13evidence is yellow color
289. 13:15precipitate that it forms there is a
290. 13:17reaction
291. 13:19and the
292. 13:21the
293. 13:23precipitate that forms the insoluble
294. 13:25compound that forms if you do like
295. 13:27double displacement
296. 13:29so you're going to take the lead
297. 13:32with promate so let goes with chromate
298. 13:36potassium goes with nitrate potassium
299. 13:38nitrate stays in the solution
300. 13:41lead chromate is going to be the solid
301. 13:44that is forming
302. 13:53test tube 10
303. 13:55iron nitrate and sodium hydroxide
304. 14:16iron nitrate
305. 14:19is a yellow color but clear solution
306. 14:26okay
307. 14:27clear solution
308. 14:40foreign
309. 14:47okay
310. 14:48it turned cloudy
311. 14:51so orange color precipitate form is an
312. 14:53orange cloudy solution a mixture
313. 14:57so orange precipitate form so for test
314. 15:00tube 10 you do have a chemical reaction
315. 15:03also
316. 15:06because of precipitate form
317. 15:09and it's cloudy
318. 15:1511
319. 15:16silver nitrate and sodium hydroxide
320. 15:2111
321. 15:22we have silver nitrate
322. 15:26adding few drops of silver nitrate
323. 15:32and we add sodium
324. 15:35hydroxide silver nitrate with sodium
325. 15:38hydrox
326. 15:43see all different colors of precipitate
327. 15:47is like a brownish color perception that
328. 15:49they have
329. 15:52silver hydroxide this precipitates
330. 15:55called silver hydroxy
331. 15:58next
332. 15:59or last one
333. 16:0112 sodium chloride and calcium
334. 16:04nitrate
335. 16:06sodium chloride
336. 16:12obviously
337. 16:15clear
338. 16:16color solution
339. 16:18and calcium nitrate
340. 16:24calcium nitrate
341. 16:27sodium chloride with calcium nitrate
342. 16:31okay if you switch these
343. 16:33it gives you calcium chloride
344. 16:37and sodium nitrate
345. 16:40sodium nitrate is soluble
346. 16:43calcium chloride also is soluble based
347. 16:45on the solubility table because all
348. 16:48chlorides are soluble it's expressed in
349. 16:50the solubility table
350. 16:52all chlorides are soluble with
351. 16:53exceptions to silver lead and mercury
352. 16:57so same chloride is soluble and sodium
353. 17:01nitrate is soluble that's why you get
354. 17:03clear solution
355. 17:05no reaction so for test loop number 12
356. 17:10there is no precipitate no reaction for
357. 17:13test tube number 12.
358. 17:15so it's the test tube number 12 there is
359. 17:17no reaction
360. 17:19no reaction for true
361. 17:21so we are done with double displacement
362. 17:23reaction single displacement reaction
363. 17:26you're not done with
364. 17:28your experiments yet
365. 17:30because
366. 17:31in this part
367. 17:33number five here
368. 17:35is asking you to write the chemical
369. 17:38reaction you just have to
370. 17:40add the two reactants from test tube one
371. 17:43compound a plus b
372. 17:45switch it
373. 17:46and make sure that you have
374. 17:49the
375. 17:51product in in a way that they have
376. 17:53switched or exchanged partners the metal
377. 17:57cation from the first one goes with the
378. 17:59anion from second one and then
379. 18:01cation second one goes with the anion
380. 18:03with the first one you write your
381. 18:05chemical
382. 18:06reactions
383. 18:08and then any reaction that doesn't have
384. 18:11evidence
385. 18:12for reaction you can write no reaction
386. 18:15or you could write it down and then say
387. 18:17no reaction so you're just going to
388. 18:19follow the procedure
389. 18:21for the uh
390. 18:22part six you are going to write
391. 18:25ionic equation
392. 18:27when you're writing ionic equation
393. 18:29anything that
394. 18:30breaks down to ions that means the
395. 18:32compounds that are not soluble
396. 18:36they are going to stay in the solid form
397. 18:39but if they are soluble they can break
398. 18:41down to the ions let's say when you mix
399. 18:44the
400. 18:45first one where for the first table
401. 18:48when you mix the the tested one you mix
402. 18:51the barium chloride and sodium sulfate
403. 18:54barium sulfate is forms the solid and
404. 18:57it's going to stay at baso4 and you
405. 18:59don't separate them it doesn't change
406. 19:01your ions
407. 19:03but the second compound which is the
408. 19:06sodium chloride it changes to ions of
409. 19:08sodium ion and chloride
410. 19:10so when you're writing net ionic
411. 19:12equation for
412. 19:13question six or part six of the
413. 19:15datasheet you only change the compounds
414. 19:18that are aqueous
415. 19:20into
416. 19:22ions if there are solid states if it's
417. 19:26liquid stays if it's gases stays but for
418. 19:28this examples you either have aqueous or
419. 19:30solid you don't have the gasket as
420. 19:32example
421. 19:33uh so it makes it more straightforward
422. 19:35for precipitation reactions
423. 19:38so if a solid compound it stays together
424. 19:41do not break it down
425. 19:43and then
426. 19:44if it's aqueous you change to the ions
427. 19:47for part seven
428. 19:49when you have your ionic equation you
429. 19:51are going to cross down the spectator
430. 19:54ions spectators those are the ions that
431. 19:56they appear
432. 19:58exactly the same on both sides of the
433. 20:00equation so if you have n a plus on the
434. 20:03reactant side you have any plus on the
435. 20:05product side that is called spectator
436. 20:07ion you are going to pass it
437. 20:09then you end up with whatever is left as
438. 20:12the net ionic equation
439. 20:14net ionic equation is responsible for
440. 20:17evidence for reaction
441. 20:19so for the example with the
442. 20:21chloride and sodium sulfates the product
443. 20:24that is barium sulfate you are going to
444. 20:27end up with net ionic equation if you do
445. 20:29every step correctly
446. 20:31your net ionic equation is going to be
447. 20:33ba2 plus which is the barium ion plus
448. 20:36the sulfate ion
449. 20:38that gives or yields
450. 20:41volume
451. 20:42sulfate solid so that would be your net
452. 20:45ionic equation so for any reaction or
453. 20:47any test tube that you did have a
454. 20:49reaction you should have a net ionic
455. 20:51equation
456. 20:53if you have no reaction like test tube
457. 20:5612 you had no reaction
458. 20:58everything is going to cancel from both
459. 21:00sides of the equation the spectator ions
460. 21:03when they cancel you end up with zero
461. 21:05net ionic equation so that means there
462. 21:07is no reaction also it's a proof that
463. 21:09there is no reaction
464. 21:12okay we are done with experiment seven
465. 21:14hopefully you can record all your
466. 21:16observation and and complete the data
467. 21:19sheet
468. 21:20or
469. 21:21experiment seven
470. 21:22and turn it in as an assignment to your
471. 21:25professor if it's me or anyone
472. 21:32[Music]