Day 349: 1 Chronicles 10-12 | Read The Bible In A Year | Bible Study Commentary by Dr. Manny Arango — Transcript

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1. 0:00Hey Bible nerds, this is Dr. Manny
2. 0:02Orango. Welcome to the Bible department
3. 0:04podcast powered by Arma. We are walking
4. 0:08through the entire Bible in a year. You
5. 0:10can go to the description or the bible
6. 0:13department.com to download a reading
7. 0:15plan and join the journey
8. 0:24family. WELCOME TO DAY 349.
9. 0:27WE ARE DONE WITH THE GENEALOGIES IN
10. 0:29CHRONICLES. So today we are diving into
11. 0:321 Chronicles chapters 10, 11, and 12. If
12. 0:36you've done the reading and you're going
13. 0:37to have so much context for everything
14. 0:39that we're going to discuss, if you have
15. 0:41treked your way through the mud of the
16. 0:45last nine chapters, we are finally in
17. 0:47the narrative portion of Chronicles. And
18. 0:50I am so happy to announce the reading is
19. 0:53considerably easier today than it has
20. 0:56been the first three days of Chronicles.
21. 0:59So, welcome to the stage, David. That's
22. 1:03right. We are going to now get into a
23. 1:06different perspective on David's life.
24. 1:08So, I am going to for context give you
25. 1:12all of the things that are not here. And
26. 1:14there are five key elements that are not
27. 1:17present. But then there's three elements
28. 1:19that are going to get emphasized. So
29. 1:21five things that are going to get
30. 1:23omitted by Chronicles and then three
31. 1:25things that are actually going to get
32. 1:27highlighted. My goal in today's episode
33. 1:31is just to help you to see that
34. 1:33Chronicles is really not a repeat of
35. 1:36what's happening in Samuel and Kings,
36. 1:38but it is a completely and entirely
37. 1:41different perspective on David and
38. 1:43David's life and David's role and David
39. 1:46as a figurehead in the history of the
40. 1:50people of Israel. So, like I say every
41. 1:52day, if you have not done the reading
42. 1:54for the day, if you have not done if you
43. 1:57have not read 1 Chronicles chapters 10,
44. 2:0011, and 12, how about you stop this
45. 2:02video? How about you pause the audio, go
46. 2:04get the reading done, come on back,
47. 2:06because you're going to have so much
48. 2:08more context for today's episode. With
49. 2:12no further ado, let's dive in. All
50. 2:14right. Five things that we don't have in
51. 2:16Chronicles that are heavily emphasized
52. 2:19in books like Samuel. Okay. It does. I I
53. 2:23guess I'll give it to you in list
54. 2:24fashion. No shepherd in Chronicles.
55. 2:27Okay. David does not start out as a
56. 2:29shepherd. That's not how Chronicles is.
57. 2:32Chronicles is not going to highlight the
58. 2:34fact that this man was a shepherd. Nope.
59. 2:36Nope. Nope. Nope. Number two, no
60. 2:38Goliath. There is no giant to fight.
61. 2:41That is not going to be something that
62. 2:44is important to the priestly history.
63. 2:47That's important to the prophetic
64. 2:48history, but not for Ezra. Number three,
65. 2:52there is no playing the harp for Saul.
66. 2:55Like Saul's going to have an evil spirit
67. 2:57and David's going to play. None of that.
68. 2:59We don't have any of that. Okay. Number
69. 3:01four, there's no running from Saul. No
70. 3:04cave of a dull moment. No moment where
71. 3:06David is gonna cut the the hem of Saul's
72. 3:10garment and no no none of that. So no no
73. 3:13no running away. Okay. And then last
74. 3:17there's going to be no civil war or
75. 3:19civil conflict once Saul dies. Okay. In
76. 3:23Kings rather sorry in 2 Samuel when Saul
77. 3:27dies David only becomes the king of
78. 3:30Judah and actually they try to install
79. 3:34Ishbal. Okay, as the king for the
80. 3:38remaining tribes up in the north. Okay,
81. 3:41so and David has to go at it with Abnner
82. 3:43and Ishbal. But in Chronicles, there's
83. 3:47none of that. Okay, it doesn't mention
84. 3:49the story of David in 1 Samuel. So
85. 3:51nothing in 1 Samuel. It's almost as if
86. 3:54we skipped entirely to 2 Samuel. Okay,
87. 3:57there's no David being a shepherd, no
88. 3:59Goliath, no playing for Saul, no David
89. 4:01the war hero, no running from Saul. The
90. 4:04story in Chronicles begins with the
91. 4:06death of Saul and his sons in chapter
92. 4:0910. Okay, which obviously is on the
93. 4:11docket for today's reading. And then
94. 4:13David is anointed king over key words
95. 4:17all Israel. Okay, all Israel. Now, we
96. 4:20know from 2 Samuel that he wasn't king
97. 4:23over all Israel at first, just Judah.
98. 4:25But in Chronicles, all Israel. Why?
99. 4:28Because Ezra wants all Israel to be
100. 4:31loyal to the temple which was built by
101. 4:35or prepared by David and then built by
102. 4:37David's son. Okay, he's David is
103. 4:40anointed king of all Israel by all
104. 4:43Israel. So there is nothing here in
105. 4:45Chronicles of David being king of Judah
106. 4:47first in the civil war with the north at
107. 4:50first supporting Ishbahal. David is king
108. 4:53of Israel. That's where he starts the
109. 4:56story in the priestly history. It will
110. 5:00also add details that Samuel does not
111. 5:03have. Okay, three in particular. Number
112. 5:06one, we're going to get way more of an
113. 5:08emphasis on David as a worshipper. Go
114. 5:12figure. Okay, the temple's going to be a
115. 5:14big deal. Second, way more detail on the
116. 5:19preparations that David makes for the
117. 5:22temple. Okay, there is going to be much
118. 5:25more about David's preparation for the
119. 5:27temple and his reorganization of the
120. 5:30priest and the Levites. I don't know if
121. 5:32you can remember this, but when we were
122. 5:34in Psalms and we were giving a bunch of
123. 5:37context on just the organization of the
124. 5:41choirs and the Levites and the priests,
125. 5:44a lot of our context clues came from
126. 5:47Chronicles. Why? because Chronicles is
127. 5:50actually going to highlight David's key
128. 5:53role as someone who completely refigured
129. 5:57worship for uh the temple. Okay. And
130. 6:00then lastly, we are going to get way
131. 6:03more of an emphasis on David's army,
132. 6:06which is going to lead to a key
133. 6:10difference between Chronicles and 2
134. 6:13Samuel. In 2 Samuel, the reason for
135. 6:16David's downfall is his sexual
136. 6:21misconduct with Beth Sheeba. Okay. Now,
137. 6:24for those of you who have been rocking
138. 6:25with me all year, you know that I firmly
139. 6:29believe that David sexually assaulted
140. 6:32Beth Sheba. That Beth Sheba is a victim
141. 6:34in this situation. Okay. So, in 2
142. 6:37Samuel, that is the thing that
143. 6:39kickstarts everything. It kickstarts his
144. 6:42son Abselum's rebellion. It kickstarts
145. 6:44everything. I mean, David's inability to
146. 6:48manage his private life is going to be
147. 6:51the downfall in Samuel. Okay? Not in
148. 6:55Chronicles, though. The thing that's
149. 6:58going to be the downfall in Chronicles
150. 7:00is completely different. And it's linked
151. 7:04to him counting his army. So, the army
152. 7:07is a big deal. This army is huge. And
153. 7:11there's some nerdy nuggets that are
154. 7:14going to begin to plant the seeds here
155. 7:16in chapters 11 and 12, okay? That are
156. 7:20going to help us to go or help us to
157. 7:22understand what is Ezra getting at. And
158. 7:27of course, it's got to be it's going to
159. 7:28be details because the Bible doesn't
160. 7:30tell, but it always shows. Okay, so
161. 7:34let's dive into our nerdy nuggets. Okay,
162. 7:36I'll give you one nerdy nugget from
163. 7:37chapter 10, maybe one or two from
164. 7:39chapter 11, and then from chapter 12. In
165. 7:421 Chronicles 10, Saul's going to die.
166. 7:45Okay, and this is what it's going to
167. 7:46say. Uh, this is chapter 10 13- 14. So
168. 7:50Saul died for his breach of faith
169. 7:53already. You can see how Chronicles is
170. 7:56giving a totally different perspective
171. 7:58on why Saul is is allowed to die. like
172. 8:02why does Yahweh uh allow Saul to die? So
173. 8:05Saul died for his breach of faith. He
174. 8:09broke faith with Yahweh in that he did
175. 8:12not keep the command of Yahweh and also
176. 8:16consulted a medium. Remember when Saul
177. 8:19goes to the witch of Endor? Okay, the
178. 8:23story is in Samuel, but the reason or
179. 8:28the consequence is here in Chronicles,
180. 8:32okay? Who also consulted a medium
181. 8:35seeking guidance. He did not seek
182. 8:37guidance from Yahweh. Therefore, Yahweh
183. 8:39put him to death and turn the kingdom
184. 8:42over to David, the son of Jesse. The
185. 8:44fall of Saul here in Chronicles is
186. 8:47attributed to seeking guidance from a
187. 8:49medium rather than Yahweh. Saul's
188. 8:52failure and unfaithfulness is shown in
189. 8:54his religious attitude. He seeks
190. 8:57spiritual guidance in the wrong place.
191. 9:00He does not look to Yahweh. So he is
192. 9:03replaced by one who will always
193. 9:06always always throughout his whole reign
194. 9:10look to Yahweh. Okay. One of the massive
195. 9:13themes of David's life is David inquired
196. 9:15of the Lord. David inquired of the Lord.
197. 9:17David inquired of the Lord. And so
198. 9:20whereas Saul is dependent upon Samuel
199. 9:23and when Samuel dies, he goes to the
200. 9:25witch of Endor to to get to get a medium
201. 9:29to essentially communicate with the dead
202. 9:32for him. David has a direct line of
203. 9:36inquiry with the Lord. He has a
204. 9:37relationship with the Lord. Okay? And
205. 9:39just that little different that that
206. 9:43tweak is emphasized in Chronicles as
207. 9:45opposed to the story that we get in
208. 9:47Samuel and in Kings. Remember this in
209. 9:51the Western world differences or
210. 9:54discrepancies are seen as a reason to
211. 9:56not trust the text. But in the Eastern
212. 9:58world differences differences and
213. 10:01discrepancies actually create tension.
214. 10:04It's the thing that an eastern person
215. 10:06would notice and it doesn't cause an
216. 10:09eastern audience to distrust the text.
217. 10:11It actually causes eastern audiences to
218. 10:13ask questions of the text. Okay? So, uh
219. 10:17I want us to ask questions as opposed to
220. 10:20question the text. I want us to ask
221. 10:23questions of the text, not question the
222. 10:25text. Okay? Very very very very
223. 10:27different. All right. So then we get to
224. 10:29chapter 11. Okay. Notice in chapter 11
225. 10:32that all Israel and all the elders,
226. 10:35okay, the emphasis is David's king of
227. 10:38the whole country of all 12 tribes and
228. 10:41more. In Kings, the story is of a
229. 10:43reluctance of the northern tribes to
230. 10:45accept David and a loose loyalty when
231. 10:48they do. So when the split happens after
232. 10:52Solomon between the north and the south,
233. 10:55it is not that big of a surprise. As you
234. 10:58already knew, the northern tribes were
235. 11:00not completely loyal to David. He was
236. 11:03not one of their own. But here the story
237. 11:06is shown of all Israel being loyal to
238. 11:09David. It is portraying David and
239. 11:11therefore his house as the true king
240. 11:14acknowledged by Yahweh and by all
241. 11:17Israel. This repeated theme will mean
242. 11:20that when the northern tribes split from
243. 11:22David's house, it is way more of a
244. 11:24whiplash. It is way more of a bigger
245. 11:27shock. It is a greater betrayal. It is a
246. 11:30picture of a firmer rejection of
247. 11:32Yahweh's choice. And so Yahweh's house,
248. 11:36which is exactly what Ezra wants. Okay?
249. 11:39Ezra wants his audience to see that
250. 11:43disloyalty to the temple is disloyalty
251. 11:46to Yahweh. And Yahweh is the one that
252. 11:50selected David to build him a house.
253. 11:52Okay, I hope this is like clicking.
254. 11:54Okay, different authors have different
255. 11:56agendas and based on those agendas they
256. 11:59take the raw material and shape it
257. 12:01differently and what we do in the job of
258. 12:04interpreting not just what an author
259. 12:07said but what an author means is by
260. 12:10looking at the agenda that that author
261. 12:12actually has. And I know in our modern
262. 12:14western world agendas are bad. But in
263. 12:17the ancient world where these texts are
264. 12:20not foreign but are completely at home,
265. 12:24an agenda is not bad. An agenda is fine
266. 12:26and agenda is great. Chapter 11, once we
267. 12:29get to verses 10 to 47, we're going to
268. 12:32start to get a lot of familiar content
269. 12:37probably and it's David's mighty men.
270. 12:39Okay, the rest of this reading continues
271. 12:41to set up the story of David in the
272. 12:43temple. I I need you to see this. David
273. 12:46is now king. Jerusalem is his capital
274. 12:48and now the focus will turn to the very
275. 12:50thing that will decide where the temple
276. 12:53will be built and that is David's army.
277. 12:56What follows is a list of mighty men.
278. 12:58You've probably heard tons of sermons
279. 13:00about these guys. Okay, David's warriors
280. 13:03who helped him secure his kingdom,
281. 13:05defeat his enemies, and expand his
282. 13:07borders. The list is full of I mean the
283. 13:10most daring and brave just kind of like
284. 13:14the guys guys. Okay, the list is divided
285. 13:17into two. The first focus is on
286. 13:19individuals. There are actually three
287. 13:21and then the 30 and then other mighty
288. 13:23warriors. By the way, did you spot
289. 13:24Uriah? Uriah is right here. But not as
290. 13:27like Beth Sheba's husband. It's it
291. 13:29because for Chronicles, the murder of
292. 13:32Uriah in the sexual assault of Beth
293. 13:34Sheeba is not what is responsible for
294. 13:36David's downfall. Okay. The story tells
295. 13:39of their bravery and mighty deeds in war
296. 13:41and many a sermon has been preached
297. 13:43about these guys. Okay, these three and
298. 13:46then the 30. But there are a few nerdy
299. 13:48nuggets about them that are less
300. 13:50obvious. Here we go. I want you to look
301. 13:52at the names when you study. Now, in the
302. 13:55ancient world, let me give you context.
303. 13:57Okay? There are mercenaries who get paid
304. 14:01to fight. Okay? Your entire army, unless
305. 14:04you're like the Spartans, your entire
306. 14:06army is not going to be trained
307. 14:08warriors. For most people, your army are
308. 14:11going to be people who are like farmers
309. 14:14by day, warriors by night. It's like
310. 14:16they got normal jobs. These are just any
311. 14:19man within fighting age are going to
312. 14:22like be in the army. And so you actually
313. 14:25needed mercenaries like who could train
314. 14:29professional soldiers. Like Israel
315. 14:31didn't have like a standing army, okay?
316. 14:33They just had guys that you would just
317. 14:35call upon all the all the men. Come on.
318. 14:38LIKE WE GOT TO GO FIGHT, OKAY? And and
319. 14:40all these guys would go fight. There's
320. 14:43actually this scene in 300 that portrays
321. 14:45this perfectly. The the the guy who's
322. 14:48leading the Spartans, he encounters
323. 14:50another group and they're like, "Oh,
324. 14:51there's we got like a thousand people."
325. 14:53And he's like, "You got farmers. Like
326. 14:55you got you got you got tanners. Like
327. 14:58you you you got you got a you don't have
328. 15:00warriors." And he's like, "All of my
329. 15:03guys, I may have a lower quantity, but I
330. 15:06have a better quality of soldiers."
331. 15:08Okay. Uh, if you remember that moment
332. 15:10from 300, you're a real one. Anyh who,
333. 15:13all right. Anyone who had a nation and
334. 15:17you needed to develop an army, you
335. 15:19needed professionals. Okay? You needed
336. 15:21people who were paid to fight. And
337. 15:24that's who these mighty men of David
338. 15:26were. professional soldiers who stayed
339. 15:28with David because he fought so many
340. 15:30wars. Okay, which leads us to the second
341. 15:33point. A lot of these mercenaries are
342. 15:36Gentiles.
343. 15:37Go ahead and look at the names. These
344. 15:39are not Jewish guys. These are Gentiles.
345. 15:42Yeah, you do see some Reubenites,
346. 15:45someone of Bethlehem or Anto and other
347. 15:48clans from the earlier list for sure,
348. 15:50but you also get Uriah the Hittite,
349. 15:54Iiththma the Moabitete, Abiel the Zelic
350. 15:58the Ammonite, and there could be more as
351. 16:02many of the mighty men come from places
352. 16:05that are only mentioned here. So, we do
353. 16:07not know if they are in Israel or
354. 16:10outside. And the simple truth is this.
355. 16:12Gentiles were a good source of
356. 16:14mercenaries. Israel had only recently
357. 16:16become effective fighters in war during
358. 16:19Saul's reign. So if David wanted
359. 16:21professional soldiers, looking outside
360. 16:24of Israel would be a great place to
361. 16:26start. However, I want you to think I
362. 16:30want you to think who's writing
363. 16:32Chronicles. Ezra. What do we know about
364. 16:35Ezra from the books of like Ezra and
365. 16:37Nehemiah? that there are three waves
366. 16:39that come back from exile. The first
367. 16:41wave is like with Zerubbable and when
368. 16:44Zerubbable gets back to the land, people
369. 16:47from the land, when he gets back to the
370. 16:49land, people who are from that land want
371. 16:52to help build the uh temple. And Jerome
372. 16:56was like, "Oh, heck no. You I will not
373. 16:59let anyone who's not 100% Jewish help us
374. 17:03in any way." And then Nehemiah gets back
375. 17:07and people want to help with the wall,
376. 17:09but they're foreigners. And so what does
377. 17:11Nehemiah say? Nope. You have no part
378. 17:14with us. You cannot help us. And then
379. 17:17Ezra is going to make everyone divorce
380. 17:20their foreign wives. So I don't I'm not
381. 17:23saying this like it's xenophobic, but
382. 17:26for Ezra, gentile help is not help at
383. 17:30all. Like Ezra's whole vibe is like,
384. 17:34"No, Zerubbable didn't accept Gentile
385. 17:37help. Nehemiah didn't accept Gentile
386. 17:39help. And I made dudes divorce their
387. 17:43foreign wives. Like, we don't do gentile
388. 17:45help." So, this may be like a nerdy
389. 17:48little detail, but what Ezra is doing
390. 17:50through Chronicles is showing you that
391. 17:53the reason for David's downfall is not
392. 17:56going to be killing Uriah and sexually
393. 17:59assaulting Beth Sheba. It's not sexual.
394. 18:01It's not lust. It's that he trusted
395. 18:04Gentiles in his army. Because in
396. 18:07Chronicles, the reason that David is
397. 18:10going to ultimately fail is because he
398. 18:12counted his army. That's the story that
399. 18:16Chronicles is going to tell. And you, as
400. 18:19a Bible nerd, have to be okay with the
401. 18:22fact that Chronicles has a different
402. 18:24reason for David's downfall than Samuel.
403. 18:28and in and the prophetic history of the
404. 18:31Bible and the priestly history of the
405. 18:34Bible aren't competing with each other.
406. 18:37They are completing each other. Okay?
407. 18:40And so a lot of times I hope this has
408. 18:42become normal that when something feels
409. 18:45like it's incorrect, I want you to ask
410. 18:46the question, is it that it's incorrect
411. 18:48or is it that it's incomplete? And what
412. 18:50the Bible is doing is actually giving
413. 18:52you a complete picture that there's more
414. 18:55than one reason for David's downfall.
415. 18:58And Samuel's going to give you one
416. 19:00reason and Chronicles is going to give
417. 19:01you the other reason. And in our western
418. 19:04world, we would ask a really bad
419. 19:05question or just a very American
420. 19:07question. Well, which one's right? And
421. 19:10that's just not the point. In the
422. 19:12Eastern world, the answer would be yes,
423. 19:15both are right. This is not a question
424. 19:17of which one is right. It's a question
425. 19:19of do we need a rake because there are
426. 19:22leaves or do we need a shovel because
427. 19:24there is snow. And the Bible is trying
428. 19:26to equip you with as many tools as
429. 19:28possible to know how to apply Chronicles
430. 19:33when Chronicles needs to be applied, but
431. 19:35applied Samuel when Samuel needs to be
432. 19:37applied based on the situation and
433. 19:39circumstance that you are dealing with.
434. 19:41All right. Chapter 11 and 12 are
435. 19:44planting the seeds for a very different
436. 19:46reason for the downfall, which gets us
437. 19:50to our timeless truth for the day. What
438. 19:54if I told you that what you're learning
439. 19:55in this video was just the tip of the
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469. 21:10make this your year to become a Bible
470. 21:13nerd. Our Thomas Truth for the day is
471. 21:16probably more of a question, which is
472. 21:18the question that Ezra is wrestling
473. 21:20with. And it's going to be the question
474. 21:22that Judaism as a whole is going to
475. 21:25wrestle with in the 400 years between
476. 21:28Chronicles and Matthew in the
477. 21:30intertestamental period. And that
478. 21:32question is this, how secular is too
479. 21:34secular? How secular is too secular?
480. 21:37Like what does holy really mean? And
481. 21:40where's the line between holy and sacred
482. 21:44and secular and unholy? How worldly can
483. 21:48we be? Like is secular music okay? Is
484. 21:51even describing some music as secular
485. 21:54okay? Like is going to the games is are
486. 21:57going to the uh Olympic games going to
487. 21:59be okay? And this is really going to be
488. 22:01important because the world of the Bible
489. 22:05in the intertestamental period is going
490. 22:07to enter into the Greek world. And man,
491. 22:10the Greek world has the theater. It has
492. 22:13the gymnasium. The Greek world has all
493. 22:16this entertainment. And how secular is
494. 22:19too secular? Man, for Ezra, he's like,
495. 22:23"Let's just be as least secular as
496. 22:25possible." He has an issue with David
497. 22:27just having Gentiles in the army. And
498. 22:30it's clear that he has an issue with it.
499. 22:32David is still a hero, but uh you got
500. 22:35this little thing against you. And for
501. 22:37Ezra, it's not a little thing. It's a
502. 22:39big thing. So I would just ask you like
503. 22:42our timeless truth for the day is that
504. 22:45question is never going to go away
505. 22:47because Christians are called to be a
506. 22:49contrast community. Now, are we called
507. 22:52to be like the Amish or it's just like,
508. 22:54"Hey, bro, like Ezekiel ain't even got
509. 22:57power tools." You know what I mean?
510. 22:58Like, are we called to be like Mormons
511. 23:01who like, "Okay, they're not as much of
512. 23:04a contrast as the Amish, but they still
513. 23:07have a uniform like it's clear that like
514. 23:10when you see Mormons, there are Mormons.
515. 23:13Or is it okay that Christians kind of
516. 23:16blend in with society that we dress
517. 23:19normal or modern? What is it that makes
518. 23:22us different? Is it our culture? Is it
519. 23:26our commands? Is it our rules? Like what
520. 23:29is it? And that is not an answer to
521. 23:34arrive at. It's not a problem to solve.
522. 23:36I actually think it's a tension to
523. 23:38manage. And it should be a question at
524. 23:40the forefront of your mind all the time.
525. 23:43Are there things that may be allowed,
526. 23:46but they're not beneficial? And I should
527. 23:49give them up, not based on legalism, but
528. 23:53actually based on a relationship with
529. 23:56the Holy Spirit, I've become someone
530. 23:58like David who inquires of the Lord. And
531. 24:01because I inquire of the Lord, if God
532. 24:03says to me, don't do X, even if X isn't
533. 24:08a sin, I'm probably not going to do X
534. 24:10because I don't want to be seen as
535. 24:13someone who's just too secular. And I
536. 24:16think that's helpful, not just for
537. 24:19David, not just for Ezra, but for you
538. 24:22and for me. That's our Thomas Truth for
539. 24:24the day. Tomorrow we got day 350. YO, we
540. 24:29are trekking through Chronicles. I'm
541. 24:31super excited. I'll see you tomorrow as
542. 24:33we discuss chapters 13, 14, and 15. I
543. 24:37love you. I'm so proud of you,
544. 24:39especially if you're on the street. I'll
545. 24:41see you tomorrow. Peace. Thanks so much
546. 24:44for joining us on the Bible Department
547. 24:46podcast. If this episode was helpful,
548. 24:48how about you leave a comment, share
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553. 24:58here tomorrow.