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Day 286: Psalms 102-103 | Read The Bible In A Year | Bible Study with Commentary by Dr. Manny Arango — Transcript

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0:00Hey Bible nerds, this is Dr. Manny
0:02Orango. Welcome to the Bible department
0:04podcast powered by Arma. We are walking
0:08through the entire Bible in a year. You
0:10can go to the description or the bible
0:13department.com to download a reading
0:15plan and join the journey
0:18[Music]
0:24family. Welcome to day 286.
0:28We're looking at two Psalms today. Psalm
0:31102 and Psalm 103. If you've done the
0:34reading, then everything I'm going to
0:36say on this episode today is going to
0:38make sense. If you have not done the
0:41reading, how about you stop the video,
0:43pause the audio, go do the reading. We
0:45only got two Psalms today. Normally, we
0:48got three, but today we got two. Get the
0:50reading done and then come on back and
0:53everything that I'm going to say is
0:54going to make hopefully perfect sense.
0:56All right, let's dive into our context
1:00clues for the day. Then we'll get our
1:02nerdy nuggets. Then we'll leave off the
1:04episode with a Thomas truth. And I'm
1:07really excited about our Thomas truth
1:08for the day. And uh I'll apply this
1:10Thomas truth to my life. Hopefully
1:12you'll be able to apply it to your life.
1:15Let's dive in. All right, we've got
1:17context for Psalm 102, but not the kind
1:21of context that we normally get. All
1:24right, Psalm 102, the heading that we
1:26have right at the top of Psalm 102
1:29should honestly make your ears perk a
1:32little bit. Like, they should make your
1:33ears perk up. Typically, when it comes
1:34to context, we'll get a setting or like
1:37something that's happening or like some
1:39narrative or a story, but we'll also get
1:41like who, what, when, where, you know,
1:44this is a lot of what, but no who or
1:49when or where. none of those details,
1:52but I'll just read it to you. It says
1:54this, "A prayer of an afflicted person
1:57who has grown weak and pours out a
2:00lament before the Lord." A prayer of an
2:02afflicted person. What afflicted person?
2:05We don't know who afflicted the person.
2:08We don't know where is this afflicted
2:11person. We don't know. But we know that
2:13they've grown weak and they're pouring
2:16out a lament before the Lord. So, it's a
2:18psalm of lament. We know that. We know
2:21somebody's afflicted and we know nothing
2:23else. So it's funny because we know a
2:26solid amount of details but not the
2:30kinds of details that we are used to
2:33knowing. So this is this is this should
2:35make this should already your spidey
2:37senses should be tingling. Let me give
2:39you a hint. There is an afflicted person
2:42who grew weak and poured out a lament
2:44before the Lord. And uh that afflicted
2:47one took on the weight of your sin and
2:50mine. And uh there's a lot of clues that
2:52this psalm right here is actually about
2:55Jesus. And so, all right, let's kind of
2:57keep going. All right, that's Psalm 102.
2:59Okay, we've got context, but the context
3:03is a little odd. Context is a is a bit
3:07strange to say the least. All right,
3:08Psalm 103. Okay, once we get to Psalm
3:11103, we're not going to have any
3:13context. It just says of David. Okay, so
3:16this is just uh Psalm of David. All
3:18right, so that's the context that we
3:20got. Now, let's go back to Psalm 102 and
3:23let's look at some nerdy nuggets. All
3:26right, we're going to have to dive into
3:28language. I'm going to have to give you
3:30some a little nerdy deep dive for for
3:34language. Okay, we're going to dive in
3:36language and we're going to have to dive
3:39specifically into the difference between
3:41the original Hebrew text and the Greek
3:44Septuagent. Now, many of you may know
3:47this, many of you may not know this. I'm
3:49going to start. I got to explain this,
3:52so bear with me if you already know
3:53this, okay? Our Hebrew Bibles, okay,
3:56which aka is the Old Testament, our
3:59Hebrew Bibles are of course originally
4:01written in Hebrew. Now somewhere in the
4:04intertestamential period that would be
4:07once the Hebrew Bible is closed and
4:10before Matthew starts in those 400 years
4:13a lot of history happens. Okay, let's
4:16just think about what the world was like
4:18400 years ago. Right? We're currently
4:21living in 2025. 1625 was a different
4:24world. All right? So think about how
4:27much different 1625 is than 2025.
4:31And just think, okay, when the end of
4:34the Hebrew scriptures are when those
4:38historical moments are done, you got 400
4:41years go by before you get John the
4:44Baptist being born and Jesus being born
4:47and the events that kind of start the
4:50New Testament. So, the New Testament is
4:53a different world. literally a different
4:57world in the same way that 2025 is a
5:01different world from 1625, right? We
5:03would all agree, hey, these are going
5:05back in the past is going to a different
5:07world with different norms, with
5:10different, you know, culture, with
5:12different everything. All right. One of
5:14the things that happens in that 400ear
5:17span between the ending of the Old
5:20Testament and the beginning of the New
5:21Testament is Alexander the Great
5:24conquers the world. No exaggeration. My
5:27man Alexander the Great goes on a tear
5:31and leaves from a tiny little province
5:33called Macedon and conquers the known
5:36world and spreads the Greek language
5:39with him. Not only does he spread the
5:41Greek language, he spreads Greek
5:42culture. And this is going to impact
5:44like everyone on the globe at this time
5:48just in history. Okay, Dr. Manny, why
5:51does that matter? Like why does that
5:52matter for like what we're reading
5:53today? Well, it matters because in that
5:56intertestamental period, Jewish leaders,
5:59rabbis are starting to think, well, our
6:03kids are speaking Greek. Like Greek is
6:07becoming the longer franca of the day.
6:09It's kind of becoming the common tongue,
6:12becoming a common language. Greek ideas,
6:15Greek philosophy, Greek culture, and the
6:17Greek language are spreading all over
6:18the world. And we should should
6:22translate our scriptures which had never
6:25been translated up until that point.
6:27Okay? The Hebrew Bible had had been in
6:29Hebrew. And for the first time, they get
6:32together to create a Greek translation
6:34of the Bible. So, you have to think
6:36about this. Greek as a language and as a
6:39cultural force is so popular that the
6:44Jewish people known for like tradition
6:48and like not changing decide we got to
6:53create a Greek translation to our Bible
6:55or else our kids are not going to uh
6:59know how to follow like the statutes
7:01laid out in the Old Testament. So the
7:04Greek Septuagent is born. Now, here's
7:07why this is important. Because a lot of
7:09people, I think, are aware that the Old
7:11Testament is in Hebrew and that the New
7:13Testament is in Greek. But what they
7:15don't know is that in the New Testament,
7:19when the New Testament quotes the Old
7:21Testament, it does not quote original
7:24Hebrew manuscripts. So those quotations
7:27are not in Hebrew, but it quotes the
7:30Septuagent. So it quotes the Greek
7:32translation of the Hebrew Bible. Okay?
7:36So the Greek New Testament and the
7:38authors. So Matthew, Mark, Luke, John,
7:41Paul, the author of Hebrews. Okay. When
7:44they are writing New Testament texts and
7:47they have to quote the Old Testament,
7:49they are quoting the Septuagent. And
7:53there are times where the Septuagent,
7:56which is the Greek translation of the
7:58Old Testament, and the actual Hebrew
8:01manuscripts of the Old Testament don't
8:04agree. Okay. And so we have to then ask
8:09when the translators of the original
8:13Hebrew text translated things into the
8:15Septuagent, were they attempting to fix
8:19things that they saw in the Hebrew Bible
8:23as maybe problematic or did they just
8:26make mistakes? Okay. So when there are
8:28discrepancies between the original
8:31Hebrew manuscripts and the Greek
8:34translation of those Hebrew manuscripts,
8:36we have to ask a question. Is this
8:38intentional or unintentional? If it's
8:40unintentional, then that means that the
8:43translators made some errors. If it's
8:45intentional, then that means that the
8:49texts were adapted for a theological
8:53purpose. And if it's intentional, that's
8:56not evil. It's not bad. It's not wrong.
8:59But we have to know the intention of the
9:02author. All right. The psalm that we're
9:03dealing with today, good old Psalm 102
9:06is definitely quoted in the New
9:08Testament. And when it gets quoted in
9:10the New Testament, it quotes the
9:12Septuagent and the Septuagent and the
9:15Hebrew original not the same. However,
9:19in a western world, whenever there's a
9:22discrepancy, we deconstruct and we doubt
9:25and we stop believing the validity of
9:28the thing where there's a discrepancy.
9:30However, in an eastern world where
9:33there's a discrepancy, you get curious.
9:36You start asking questions and you
9:38assume that the person who created the
9:42discrepancy created a discrepancy to get
9:44your attention. And they created the
9:46discrepancy so that they could lead you
9:48down a rabbit hole. And they created the
9:50discrepancy intentionally to offer some
9:54breadcrumbs. And if you follow the
9:56breadcrumbs, you'll you'll get led down
9:58the path that they wanted you to get led
10:00down, then you'll come to some
10:02conclusions. All right. So, Hebrews, I'm
10:04trying to explain like the most nerdy
10:06stuff possible in like an exciting and
10:08engaging way. I hope I'm doing a good
10:10job. Hebrews chapter 1 verse 10-2
10:13is going to quote verses 23 and 25 of
10:18Psalm 102 only issue and it's not an
10:22issue I sound so western by saying it's
10:24an issue ah it's not an issue the
10:26wrinkle in the text the thing that makes
10:28it interesting is that in the original
10:30Hebrew okay the psalmist is talking to
10:34Yahweh through the whole psalm so let's
10:36read verses 25 through verse is 23
10:41really to 26. Um
10:45uh he has broken my strength in
10:46midcourse. He has shortened my my days.
10:49Oh my God, I say take me not away in the
10:52midst of my days. You whose years endure
10:56throughout all generations of old you
10:59laid the foundations of the earth. Okay.
11:01This however is what it says in the
11:03Septuagent, the Greek Old Testament
11:05text. He answered him in the way of his
11:08strength. Declare to me the fewness of
11:11my days. Do not bring me up in the
11:13middle of my days. Your years are for
11:15generations on end. In the beginning,
11:18you Lord laid the foundation of the
11:20earth. The differences are down to
11:22translation of words with no vowels.
11:25Okay. The reason that there's a
11:26discrepancy is because whenever words
11:28have no vowels, you could interpret to
11:30mean different words depending on what
11:33vowel sounds are added. Okay. So, let's
11:36think about it. Spit and spot, two
11:39different words. Spit and spot. What
11:42makes spit and spot different? What
11:45makes it different is an I versus an O.
11:47I and O are vowels. Now, Hebrew has no
11:50vowels. It only has consonants. So, it
11:53is the context of the sentence that
11:54tells you whether or not it should be
11:55spit or spot. So, anytime there's
11:57discrepancy between the Greek Septuagent
12:00and the Hebrew, the translators are
12:03making decisions. Is it spit or is it
12:05spot or is it spat or is it spat? Spat.
12:09Spit. Ae. E. Is it spit? You know. And
12:12let me stop. Okay. Because of that, the
12:14Septuagent version interprets these
12:16words found in verses 24 to 28 as words
12:20spoken by God to the psalmist rather
12:23than the psalmist saying these words to
12:25God as is found in the Hebrew. So in the
12:30Hebrew text, the psalmist is talking to
12:32God. However, in the Septuagent, which
12:36in your sub these little footnotes down
12:38here at the bottom of your Bible,
12:40anytime there's a discrepancy, it'll say
12:42LXX because that's the code for
12:46Septuagent. All right. Why does Hebrews,
12:49the book of Hebrews in the New
12:51Testament, why is the author of the book
12:53of Hebrews really excited that the Greek
12:56translation of the Hebrew has reversed
12:59who's talking to who? Let me read you
13:00what I have in my notes. Why is this
13:03important? Why do we need to dive into
13:06all these nerdy details about the Hebrew
13:08versus the Greek and the Septuagent and
13:10blah blah blah? It is presented as God's
13:12word and the author uses it as God
13:16speaking to his son and is one of the
13:20quotes he uses to show Jesus's deity and
13:23how God speaks of his son in a way he
13:26has never spoken to any angel. If it is
13:29God speaking, then Lord is not God, not
13:33Yahweh, but Adoni and is another example
13:37of what Jesus confused Pharisees with
13:40when he quotes David calling the Messiah
13:43Lord Adoni. The author of Hebrews
13:47clearly then sees this Lord to be Jesus.
13:52And as it is God speaking, it is God
13:56speaking to Jesus. So the way the book
14:00of Hebrews is going to interpret this
14:01discrepancy between the Septuagent and
14:04the Hebrew is that the Septuagent
14:07authors were led by the Holy Spirit to
14:11reveal that it was never the psalmist
14:14talking to God, but it was God talking
14:16to the psalmist. Because this afflicted
14:19one who has grown weak and pours out of
14:21lament before the Lord is none other
14:23than, drum roll please,
14:27Jesus. Now, most Western people would
14:30not come to this conclusion. Now, here's
14:31where I actually want to stop and give
14:34you something that's helped me a lot
14:36when it comes to biblical
14:37interpretation. And I'm going to do a
14:39whole video on this channel just about
14:41what I'm telling you about. There are
14:43four layers of Hebrew or rabbitic
14:46interpretation. And a lot of times for
14:49Western American Christians, we get lost
14:51in one. But for Hebrews, there are four.
14:54There's the pashhat, which is the
14:56literal simple plain meaning of the
14:58text. This focuses on historical and
15:00grammatical sense or the meaning of
15:02words. This layer lends itself to
15:04teaching more than preaching. Okay.
15:06Number two, there's a Rome. Rames is the
15:09allegorical interpretation of the text.
15:11Okay. hints, illusions, wrinkles,
15:14creative and even unorthodox takes on
15:16scripture. This layer allows for
15:18creative license and storytelling
15:20narrative approach to scripture. Okay.
15:22Then there's the dash. Okay. This is a
15:26homalytical interpretation. This is
15:27midashic. It deres moral lessons and
15:30practical wisdom. This is the most
15:32pastoral layer. It focuses on the
15:35application of truth and not just the
15:37accumulation of truth. And then there's
15:39the soda. soda. Okay, this is the
15:43mysterious layer, the revelatory layer,
15:47the secret or the hidden or the
15:49spiritual meaning of the text. Two
15:51anchor verses for sod is Psalm 118:18
15:55which says, "Open my eyes that I may see
15:58that I may behold wonderful things in
16:00your law." That's revelation. God, open
16:02my eyes, God. Do an unveiling. I want to
16:04see secrets. I want to unlock secrets.
16:08Okay? And then Matthew 16:17 where Jesus
16:11says to Peter, "Flesh and blood didn't
16:13reveal this to you, but my father in
16:15heaven revealed this to you." A lot of
16:17times we try to lock biblical
16:19interpretation into one of these four.
16:21But for a good Jewish person, the reason
16:23they could see a discrepancy between the
16:26Hebrew and the Greek and not come to all
16:28kinds of deconstructive
16:31uh ideologies about this is because they
16:34are always looking at any individual
16:36text in four ways. They're saying,
16:37"Well, what's the pashhat? What's the
16:39Rome? What's the dash? And what's the
16:41sod? What is the literal simple meaning?
16:43What is the grammatical meaning? What is
16:45the allegorical meaning? What is the
16:47homalytical meaning? And then what is
16:49the mysterious secret hidden revelatory
16:51meaning?" And for a lot of Christians,
16:54we are only ever looking at the Bible
16:56with one, maybe two. We don't see the
16:58Bible as Yeah. There's four different
17:01ways to see any text. So then one person
17:03who's seeing it with a dash and one
17:05person who's seeing it with a sod is
17:07arguing and debating with each other in
17:09the comment section of Facebook. Whereas
17:12the reason I personally don't get into
17:14any arguments or fights with people
17:16especially not online is because I just
17:18go oh got it. You see the pashad I see
17:20the Rome done. And what the author of
17:22Hebrews is saying is he's saying ah I'm
17:25choosing to look at this with a Rome
17:29perspective or with a swed perspective.
17:31I'm choosing to not just take the
17:34literal simple plain meaning of what
17:36this psalm means, but I am going to add
17:41some creative license and I'm going to
17:43get a revelatory meaning from the text.
17:47And I think that this is here not
17:50because the author who translated it
17:53from Hebrew to Greek made a mistake, but
17:55because they saw something that they
18:00didn't even know how to explain. They
18:02saw that the God of the universe was
18:04actually talking to his son. And they
18:06had no language for that. But we have
18:08language for that because Jesus has
18:10risen from the grave. And so now we're
18:12going to take an interpretive approach
18:14to interpret the psalm in a way that is
18:17different. And this is what all the New
18:18Testament authors are doing. By the way,
18:21they are taking the Old Testament texts
18:23and they are doing something that would
18:26make most Western people very very
18:27uncomfortable. They are seeing that
18:30texts are alive and active. something
18:33that the author of Hebrews also says
18:36that the scriptures are alive, that they
18:39are active, that we're not trying to
18:41dissect a dead rabbit, that we are
18:43actually trying to examine a living,
18:45breathing rabbit. It's moving around.
18:47It's doing its thing. Okay, so that
18:49means that the afflicted one here is
18:51Jesus. Okay, let's let's let's keep
18:54going, family. The wait is over. My
18:57brand new book, Crushing Chaos, is out
19:00now and available everywhere. books are
19:03sold. Literally today, I walked into a
19:07Barnes & Noble and I signed a bunch of
19:09copies at a physical location. So, you
19:12can grab this book at a physical Barnes
19:14& Noble or you can go to a Books a
19:16Million or Amazon or anywhere books are
19:20sold and grab a copy. If you enjoy
19:23reading the Bible from an ancient
19:25perspective, if you understand that the
19:28beauty of scripture is actually knowing
19:29it in context, then you'll love this
19:32book. And if there's any chaos in your
19:35personal life, I think that reading the
19:37Bible from an ancient perspective can
19:40actually help to crush the chaos in your
19:42life. I think this book is going to be a
19:44New York Times bestseller. I really do.
19:46I think we wrote a good one. I think you
19:48should get a copy today. All right, back
19:51to the episode. The difference in
19:53translation of the Greek text
19:55transformed this psalm for the early
19:58church from a normal psalm into a
20:01messianic one. Now, the unjust suffering
20:04of the individual is the suffering of
20:05Christ. The corporate part of the psalm
20:08is then transformed into his victory in
20:10Zion on the cross, which leads all
20:13nations to worship God. And I know I'm
20:15already over time, so let me give you
20:17some nerdy nuggets from Psalm 103 and
20:19then give you a Thomas tree. Psalm 103
20:21is a hymn of praise to Yahweh as savior
20:24and father of Israel. This again paints
20:27a picture of Yahweh is holy, righteous,
20:29merciful, full of steadfast love, the
20:31great kings. It's a beautiful psalm.
20:32Psalm 103 is a beautiful psalm. I mean
20:35this is a treasure, a gold mine for
20:37worship songs. But the thing I want to
20:39focus on is how the psalm opens up in
20:41verse one. Bless Yahweh or praise
20:44Yahweh. Okay? Praise the Lord, oh my
20:46soul, and all that is within me, bless
20:48his holy name. Or bless Yahweh, oh my
20:51soul, and all that is within me, bless
20:52his holy name. I read it for the sake of
20:55time. I read what I have. Perhaps the
20:58best timeless truth to be found here is
20:59simply the refrain of Psalm 103. Bless
21:02Yahweh, oh my soul. David commands
21:05himself to bless Yahweh. It is not a
21:07matter of feeling or experience. It is
21:10not a matter of feeling or of experience
21:12or of being in the right place with the
21:14right mood. It is a matter of worship.
21:16Worship is obedience. Worship is
21:19loyalty. Worship doesn't care about our
21:21feelings. Worship doesn't care if the
21:23mood is right. Worship doesn't care if
21:25we experience the spirit or not. Worship
21:27doesn't care about style, lighting, LED
21:30screens, etc. Worship sometimes just
21:32comes down to us commanding ourselves to
21:35bless Yahweh. My youth pastor used to
21:37say it this way and I said it to my kids
21:39when I was a youth pastor. We don't
21:42praise him because we feel him. We feel
21:45him because we praise him. That worship
21:47is an act of the will. And David here in
21:50Psalm 103 commands his soul to bless the
21:54Lord. And sometimes we've got to command
21:55our soul to bless the Lord. When we're
21:57tired, when we're burnt out, when we're
21:58fatigued, when we're depressed, when
22:00we're anxious, we command our souls to
22:03praise the Lord because worship is not
22:05the goosebumps I get. Worship is not how
22:08emotional I got or whether or not the
22:11lighting was right or the mood was right
22:13or the LED screen had the perfect
22:15graphics. No, no, no. Worship is a
22:17decision of my will. And that's not just
22:19true for David. That's true for me.
22:22That's true for you. I hope today's
22:23episode was helpful. Tomorrow we got day
22:26287. We're going to be diving into
22:27Psalms 104 to 106. It's going to be
22:30fantastic. I'm excited about it. I'm
22:32going to be right here same time, same
22:33place. If you're on a streak, I'm proud
22:34of you. Even if you're not on a streak,
22:36I love you. I do want you to be on a
22:38streak, though. I'm not going to lie.
22:40Come on. Let's be disciplined. How about
22:42you command your soul to worship the
22:45Lord by reading his word? I'll see you
22:47right here tomorrow. Love you guys.
22:49Peace. Thanks so much for joining us on
22:52the Bible podcast. If this episode was
22:54helpful, how about you leave a comment,
22:56share with a friend, and subscribe so
22:59that you never miss an episode. To learn
23:01more about the show, head to the bible
23:03department.com. We'll see you right back
23:05here tomorrow.

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