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Copyrights 1: Rights & Registration for Writers, Artists & Producers (Intellectual Property Phils.) — Transcript

by Atty. Javier Philippine Law Lectures for Students · 4,394 words · 688 segments · language en · Watch on YouTube

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  1. 0:01Hi guys, welcome to another episode of
  2. 0:03attorney love vlog. Today we continue
  3. 0:06with our discussion on the intellectual
  4. 0:08property code and specifically for today
  5. 0:11we'll begin with a topic of copyrights.
  6. 0:15Now if you like my videos and you want
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  9. 0:21is only for educational purposes and is
  10. 0:23not a substitute for proper legal advice
  11. 0:26or for studying and understanding the
  12. 0:28law. Now, a like on this video or any of
  13. 0:31my other videos would also be greatly
  14. 0:33appreciated. Now, you can also find me
  15. 0:36on Alex at www.alexleal.ph.
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  21. 0:56I will insert a link to my profile in
  22. 0:58the description below so that you can
  23. 1:01easily reach out or schedule an
  24. 1:03appointment with me. Okay, just check
  25. 1:05the description below. Now, the law on
  26. 1:09copyright is found in the intellectual
  27. 1:12property code which is Republic Act
  28. 1:14number 8293 as amended. Being an
  29. 1:17intellectual creation, it is a mode of
  30. 1:20acquiring ownership. Now, what is a
  31. 1:23copyright? A copyright is an intangible
  32. 1:27incorporeal right to certain literary,
  33. 1:31scholarly, scientific and artistic
  34. 1:34productions which is granted by law to
  35. 1:37the author or creator of the work. It is
  36. 1:40an original intellectual creation and it
  37. 1:44is protected from the moment that it is
  38. 1:47created. Okay, this is very important. A
  39. 1:50copyright the the work subject of the
  40. 1:53copyright is protected from the moment
  41. 1:55of its creation.
  42. 1:57Take note that the copyright is
  43. 1:59different from the property in the
  44. 2:02material object subject of the
  45. 2:05copyright. Okay. What works are
  46. 2:08protected by a copyright? In general, we
  47. 2:11have two. We have the original and we
  48. 2:12have the derivative works. Original
  49. 2:15works are literary and artistic works
  50. 2:19which are protected from the moment of
  51. 2:21their creation irrespective of the mode
  52. 2:24or form of expression of their content,
  53. 2:26quality or purpose. So the law gives a
  54. 2:30very long list which gives us some
  55. 2:32examples but of course the list is not
  56. 2:34exclusive. Some examples are books,
  57. 2:38articles, newspapers, lectures, sermons,
  58. 2:42dissertations,
  59. 2:43letters, dramatic or musical
  60. 2:46compositions, choreographic works like
  61. 2:50dancing, no illustrations, ornamental
  62. 2:52designs, drawings, maps, sketches,
  63. 2:56cinematographic works or films, no
  64. 2:59advertisements, computer programs and
  65. 3:02other literary, scholarly, scientific
  66. 3:05ific and artistic works. However, while
  67. 3:08that list is not exclusive, take note of
  68. 3:11the case of Pearl versus Shoe Mart where
  69. 3:15a copyright was filed for advertising
  70. 3:18light boxes. No, if uh you're my age,
  71. 3:21no, you would have reached this uh
  72. 3:24advertising light boxes in cinemas. No,
  73. 3:26where there is a poster and in within a
  74. 3:29box that is lit up. No. So that uh it
  75. 3:32seems that it is uh uh illuminated.
  76. 3:35Okay. So uh the copyright was filed for
  77. 3:39these advertising light boxes by its
  78. 3:42inventor which is Pearl and Dean and
  79. 3:45Pearl and Dean as the inventor it leased
  80. 3:47out those light boxes to SM. However, SM
  81. 3:52Schumart no engaged other entities to
  82. 3:55create light boxes for the use of SM.
  83. 3:58So, of course, Pearl s sued SM for
  84. 4:01infringement. And the Supreme Court
  85. 4:04ruled in favor of SM, okay, SM1, saying
  86. 4:08that a copyright is a purely statutory
  87. 4:11right or a right granted by law. And
  88. 4:13therefore, the rights granted are
  89. 4:16limited to what the law gives. As such,
  90. 4:20the copyright of pearl over the light
  91. 4:23boxes extended only to the technical
  92. 4:26drawings over the light boxes and not to
  93. 4:29the box itself because the box itself is
  94. 4:32not a literary or artistic piece. Pearl
  95. 4:36would have succeeded in the infringement
  96. 4:39case if what SM had done was to reprint
  97. 4:44the technical drawings without Pearl's
  98. 4:46consent. Okay. In order for Pearl to
  99. 4:50have protected itself with regard to the
  100. 4:52boxes, what Pearl should have done
  101. 4:55instead of securing a copyright was to
  102. 4:58secure a patent over that invention
  103. 5:01which unfortunately they did not. They
  104. 5:03secured a copyright and that's why they
  105. 5:05lost in this case. Please just read the
  106. 5:08case to understand it better. Okay. Now
  107. 5:12that's for original works. As for
  108. 5:14derivative works, these are works as
  109. 5:16from the name itself, they are derived
  110. 5:18from an original and they include
  111. 5:21dramatizations. No, you dramatize the
  112. 5:23original, translations, translate, you
  113. 5:26translate it, no adaptations,
  114. 5:28abridgements, arrangements and other
  115. 5:31alterations of the literary or artistic
  116. 5:34works. And derivative works also include
  117. 5:38collections of literary, scholarly or
  118. 5:41artistic works. They also include
  119. 5:44compilations of data and other materials
  120. 5:47which are original by reason of their
  121. 5:50selection or coordination or arrangement
  122. 5:53of their contents. Okay. So the law
  123. 5:56under section 175 also states what works
  124. 6:01are not protected. Okay. Take note of
  125. 6:04this list. It's also very long. The
  126. 6:07first work that is not protected would
  127. 6:09be any idea, procedure, system, method
  128. 6:13or operation, concept, principle,
  129. 6:16discovery or mere data as such. Even if
  130. 6:20they are expressed, explained,
  131. 6:22illustrated or embodied in a work. Okay,
  132. 6:25just an idea that's not copyrightable.
  133. 6:28No, or just a principle that's not
  134. 6:30copyrightable. Another uh work that is
  135. 6:33not protected would be news of the day.
  136. 6:36Okay, news of the day or other
  137. 6:38miscellaneous facts having the character
  138. 6:42of mere items of press information.
  139. 6:45Another work that is not protected would
  140. 6:47be any official text of a legislative,
  141. 6:50administrative or legal nature as well
  142. 6:53as any official translation thereof.
  143. 6:56Okay. So there can be no copyright over
  144. 6:58the law. No, like like this the law on
  145. 7:00copyrights 8 RA8293.
  146. 7:02Okay, you cannot copyright that. Also,
  147. 7:05under section 176,
  148. 7:08no copyright shall subsist in any work
  149. 7:11of the government of the Philippines.
  150. 7:13However, even if there can be no
  151. 7:15copyright over any government work, in
  152. 7:19case that government work will be
  153. 7:20exploited for profit, then you have to
  154. 7:23get the approval of the appropriate
  155. 7:25government agency or office. Of course,
  156. 7:28no approval is necessary for the use in
  157. 7:31any purpose of statutes or laws, rules
  158. 7:35or regulations, speeches, lectures,
  159. 7:37whether given in court or in Congress.
  160. 7:40Okay? But take note that the author of
  161. 7:44those speeches, no in Congress or in
  162. 7:46court, that author is given the
  163. 7:48exclusive right to make a collection of
  164. 7:52his work. Okay? So he can he has the
  165. 7:54exclusive right to collect all the
  166. 7:56speeches he has ever made and publish
  167. 7:58them into a book or a video if he wants.
  168. 8:01Okay?
  169. 8:03That said, even though there can be no
  170. 8:05copyright in government work, the
  171. 8:07government may still receive and hold
  172. 8:09copyrights over different matter which
  173. 8:12may be transferred to it by assignment
  174. 8:14or other modes of transfer. So
  175. 8:17government government work by itself is
  176. 8:19not copyrightable but the government can
  177. 8:22hold copyrights over other things.
  178. 8:26So a copyright is protected from the
  179. 8:28moment of its creation. Okay. From the
  180. 8:31creation of the work and what is the
  181. 8:33scope of the protection? A copyright
  182. 8:36gives protection to the author of the
  183. 8:38work and his heirs by punishing
  184. 8:41infringement which we'll talk about in
  185. 8:43the next video and by giving certain
  186. 8:46economic and moral rights. So let's
  187. 8:49begin with the economic rights. Economic
  188. 8:53rights consist of the exclusive rights
  189. 8:56to carry out, authorize or prevent the
  190. 9:00following acts. Okay, economic rights
  191. 9:02meaning uh something you derive money
  192. 9:04from. Okay, so they have the exclusive
  193. 9:07rights to carry out the following.
  194. 9:09First, the reproduction of the work or a
  195. 9:12substantial portion of the work. Okay.
  196. 9:14So if you have the copyright over let's
  197. 9:16say a book, you have the exclusive right
  198. 9:18to have it reproduced or even just a
  199. 9:20portion of that book to have it re
  200. 9:22reproduced.
  201. 9:23Second, dramatization, translation,
  202. 9:26adaptation, abridgement, arrangement or
  203. 9:29other transformation of the work. Okay,
  204. 9:31that's the second economic right. Third,
  205. 9:34the first public distribution of the
  206. 9:37original and each copy of the work by
  207. 9:40sale or other forms of transfer of
  208. 9:43ownership. Fourth, rental of the
  209. 9:46original or a copy of an audiovisisual
  210. 9:49or cinematographic work, a work embodied
  211. 9:52in a sound recording, a computer
  212. 9:55program, a compilation of data and other
  213. 9:58materials or or even a musical work in
  214. 10:01graphic form. Okay. meaning those notes
  215. 10:04no on the uh tab. Okay. Irrespective of
  216. 10:08the ownership of the original or the
  217. 10:10copy which is the subject of the
  218. 10:12renewal. Fifth, okay, the one of the
  219. 10:16economic rights is the exclusive right
  220. 10:17to carry out a public display of the
  221. 10:21original or a copy of the work. Sixth to
  222. 10:25carry out a public performance of the
  223. 10:27work and seventh other communication of
  224. 10:30the to the public of the work.
  225. 10:34So in general these rights exist during
  226. 10:37the lifetime of the author and for 50
  227. 10:40years after his death. Okay. Further the
  228. 10:44law grants the author a right to receive
  229. 10:47proceeds in subsequent transfers of the
  230. 10:50work. Okay. So let's say he makes a
  231. 10:53first transfer and then the transferey
  232. 10:55transfers it again and again and again.
  233. 10:58The author still uh is given the right
  234. 11:00to receive proceeds from those
  235. 11:02subsequent transfers and this right is
  236. 11:05known as the droid suite. Okay. Under
  237. 11:09section 200, the author or his heirs
  238. 11:13shall have an inalienable right to
  239. 11:16receive 5% of the gross proceeds of the
  240. 11:19subsequent sale or lease of the work,
  241. 11:22which right shall exist during the
  242. 11:24lifetime of the author and for 50 years
  243. 11:27after his death. However, take note, no,
  244. 11:30this is the exception. The rule shall
  245. 11:33not apply to prints, etchings,
  246. 11:35engravings, works of applied art or
  247. 11:38works of similar kind where the author
  248. 11:41primarily derives gain from the proceeds
  249. 11:43of reproductions.
  250. 11:46Okay.
  251. 11:48Now we can move on to the moral rights.
  252. 11:51And when we say moral rights, the
  253. 11:54author, even if he assigns or licenses
  254. 11:56the work, the author still has or
  255. 12:00retains the following rights. First, the
  256. 12:03right to require that the authorship of
  257. 12:05the works be attributed to him. Okay? He
  258. 12:09can require the uh lency or the holder,
  259. 12:13hey, you have to state my name that that
  260. 12:15work is made by me. Okay? in particular
  261. 12:18the right that his name as far as
  262. 12:20practicable be indicated in a prominent
  263. 12:23way on the copies and in connection with
  264. 12:26the public use of his work and this is
  265. 12:29the only moral right that shall last not
  266. 12:32only during the lifetime of the author
  267. 12:34but also in perpetuity after his death
  268. 12:37so may forever. Okay. Now the following
  269. 12:41moral rights are cerminous with the
  270. 12:44economic rights. Cerminos meaning that
  271. 12:46during the lifetime of the author and
  272. 12:48for 50 years after his death. Okay. The
  273. 12:51following. First to make any alterations
  274. 12:54of his work prior to or to withhold it
  275. 12:57from publication.
  276. 13:00Second, to object to object to any
  277. 13:03distortion, mutilation or other
  278. 13:05modification of or other derogatory
  279. 13:08action in relation to his work which
  280. 13:11would be prejuditial to his honor and
  281. 13:14reputation. And third, to restrain the
  282. 13:17use of his name with respect to any work
  283. 13:20that is not of his own creation or in a
  284. 13:23distorted version of his work.
  285. 13:27Take note that while economic rights may
  286. 13:30be transferred or assigned or subject to
  287. 13:33license, moral rights cannot be assigned
  288. 13:36or be subject of a license. This these
  289. 13:39moral rights stick with the author.
  290. 13:41Okay. The author retains them even
  291. 13:43though he may have assigned the economic
  292. 13:46rights or transferred economic rights.
  293. 13:49So who owns the copyright? Okay, how
  294. 13:53long does the copyright last? Okay, it
  295. 13:55depends on the nature of the work.
  296. 13:58First, for original and artistic works,
  297. 14:02the author owns the copyright and the
  298. 14:04copyright shall last during the life of
  299. 14:06the author and for 50 years after his
  300. 14:09death, meaning that the heirs can enjoy
  301. 14:11the rights after the author dies.
  302. 14:14Postumous works or works that are after
  303. 14:16the death of the author are also
  304. 14:19protected for the same period. And the
  305. 14:22term of protection subsequent to
  306. 14:24publication or death shall be deemed to
  307. 14:26begin on January 1 of the year following
  308. 14:30the event which give gave rise to them
  309. 14:32meaning uh publication or death. Okay.
  310. 14:37Second, in case of works of joint
  311. 14:40ownership, okay, the co-authors shall be
  312. 14:43the original owners of the copyright.
  313. 14:47Of course, if there is an agreement, you
  314. 14:49follow the agreement, okay? and in the
  315. 14:51absence of an agreement, the rights
  316. 14:54shall be governed by the rules on
  317. 14:56co-ownership.
  318. 14:58If a work of joint ownership consists of
  319. 15:01parts that can be used separately and
  320. 15:04the author of each part can be
  321. 15:06identified, then the author of each part
  322. 15:09shall be the original owner of the
  323. 15:10copyright in the part that he has
  324. 15:13created.
  325. 15:15If the economic these economic rights
  326. 15:18shall be protected during the life of
  327. 15:20the last surviving author and for 50
  328. 15:23years after his death. Okay. Now for
  329. 15:28work created by an author during and in
  330. 15:31the course of his employment. Okay.
  331. 15:34These are the rules to whom the
  332. 15:36copyright shall belong. If the creation
  333. 15:39of the object of the copyright the thing
  334. 15:41itself if the creation of the the object
  335. 15:44is not part of the regular duties even
  336. 15:47if the employee uses the time facilities
  337. 15:49and materials of the employer then the
  338. 15:52employee or the creator is the owner of
  339. 15:56the copyright. Okay.
  340. 15:59But if the work is a result of the
  341. 16:01performance of his regularly assigned
  342. 16:04duties, then the employer is the owner
  343. 16:07unless there is an agreement expressed
  344. 16:09or implied to the quary. So check first
  345. 16:12as always if there is an agreement. Now
  346. 16:16what about work which is commissioned by
  347. 16:18a person other than the employer of the
  348. 16:21author and who pays for it and the work
  349. 16:24is made in pursuance of the commission.
  350. 16:26Then the person who so commissioned the
  351. 16:29work shall have ownership of the work
  352. 16:31the object itself but the copyright
  353. 16:34shall remain with the creator unless
  354. 16:37there is a written stipulation to the
  355. 16:39contrary. Okay. Now what about
  356. 16:42audiovisisual work? Okay. Audiovisisual.
  357. 16:45No. The copyright shall belong to the
  358. 16:48producer, the author of the scenario,
  359. 16:51the composer of the music, the film
  360. 16:53director and the author of the work so
  361. 16:57adapted.
  362. 16:59Okay, the meaning the original. So all
  363. 17:01these people own that audiovisisual
  364. 17:03work. Okay. The producer shall exercise
  365. 17:06the copyright to an extent required for
  366. 17:09the exhibition of the work in any manner
  367. 17:12except for the right to collect
  368. 17:14performing uh performing license fees
  369. 17:17for the performance of musical
  370. 17:19compositions with or without words which
  371. 17:22are incorporated into the work. Unless
  372. 17:25of course there are contrary or other
  373. 17:28stipulations among the creators meaning
  374. 17:31that the creators can make different
  375. 17:33agreements.
  376. 17:35The term shall be 50 years from the date
  377. 17:39of publication and if it's unpublished
  378. 17:42from the date of the making.
  379. 17:45What about letters and private
  380. 17:47communications? No, which are in writing
  381. 17:49of course let's say love letters those
  382. 17:52are included. Now these letters are
  383. 17:54owned by the person to whom they are
  384. 17:57addressed. So if a lover sends a letter
  385. 17:59to his girlfriend, then the girlfriend
  386. 18:01owns those letters. But these letters
  387. 18:05cannot be published or disseminated
  388. 18:08without the consent of the writer or his
  389. 18:10heirs. However, the court may authorize
  390. 18:14their publication or dissemination if
  391. 18:17the public good or the interest of
  392. 18:19justice so requires.
  393. 18:22What about anonymous and pseudonmous
  394. 18:25works? Okay. Or when we say anonymous,
  395. 18:28you don't know who the author is. Or uh
  396. 18:30pseudonymous works, meaning those works
  397. 18:33uh written by an author using a
  398. 18:36different name. Okay.
  399. 18:38Publishers shall be deemed to represent
  400. 18:41the authors of articles and other
  401. 18:43writings published without the names of
  402. 18:46the authors or under pseudonyms unless
  403. 18:50the contrary appears or the pseudonyms
  404. 18:53or adopted name leaves no doubt as to
  405. 18:55the author's identity or if the author
  406. 18:58of the anonymous works discloses his
  407. 19:02identity. he reveals himself as hey I am
  408. 19:04really uh xyz author. Okay. So uh the
  409. 19:10copyright shall be protected for 50
  410. 19:12years from the date on which the work
  411. 19:15was first lawfully published. In case
  412. 19:18the author's identity is revealed or is
  413. 19:21no longer in doubt before the 50-year
  414. 19:23period expires, the copyright shall be
  415. 19:27protected during the life of the author
  416. 19:29and for 50 years after his death or the
  417. 19:32death of the last surviving author. In
  418. 19:35case of postumous, anonymous or
  419. 19:37pseudonmous works meaning anonymous or
  420. 19:40pseudonymous works that uh were
  421. 19:42published after the death of the author,
  422. 19:45then they shall be protected for 50
  423. 19:47years counted from the making of the
  424. 19:50work. Okay. So what about works of
  425. 19:53applied art? The protection shall be for
  426. 19:56a period of 25 years from the date of
  427. 19:59making. As for photographic works, the
  428. 20:03protection shall be from 50 years from
  429. 20:07the publication of the work and if
  430. 20:09unpublished 50 years from the making.
  431. 20:13What about performances which are not
  432. 20:15incorporated in recordings? Then 50
  433. 20:18years from the time from the end of the
  434. 20:21year in which the performance took
  435. 20:23place. For sound or image and sound
  436. 20:27recordings and for performance
  437. 20:29incorporated in such recordings they are
  438. 20:32protected for 50 years from the end of
  439. 20:34the year in which the recording took
  440. 20:36place. And uh finally in case of
  441. 20:39broadcasts
  442. 20:41the term shall be for 20 years from the
  443. 20:43date that the broadcast took place.
  444. 20:48Now the law grants specific economic
  445. 20:52rights to performers, producers of sound
  446. 20:55recordings and broadcasting
  447. 20:57organizations. These are known as the
  448. 21:00neighboring or related rights. Okay.
  449. 21:03First for performers,
  450. 21:06actors, singers, musicians, dancers and
  451. 21:09other persons who act, sing, declaim,
  452. 21:12play in, interpret or otherwise perform
  453. 21:15literary and artistic work. Okay. First,
  454. 21:19as regarding their performance, the
  455. 21:21right authorizing the broadcasting or
  456. 21:23other communication or transmission to
  457. 21:25the public of their performance, and the
  458. 21:28fixation, meaning the embodiment of
  459. 21:31sounds or the representations thereof
  460. 21:33from which they can be perceived,
  461. 21:35reproduced, or communicated through a
  462. 21:37device, or of their unfixed performance.
  463. 21:41These rights shall be maintained and
  464. 21:43exercised 50 years after their death by
  465. 21:47their heirs and in default of heirs the
  466. 21:50government where the protection is
  467. 21:52claimed. Okay.
  468. 21:55Again for performance they have the
  469. 21:57right to authorize broadcasting and the
  470. 22:00embodiment of what uh of what they made
  471. 22:02into a recording. Okay. That lasts for
  472. 22:0550 years.
  473. 22:07Next, the right of authorizing the
  474. 22:09direct or indirect reproduction of their
  475. 22:12performances fixed in sound recordings
  476. 22:15or audiovisisual works or fixations in
  477. 22:18any manner of or form. The next right,
  478. 22:21the right of authorizing the first
  479. 22:24public distribution of the original and
  480. 22:27copies of their performance fixed in
  481. 22:29recordings, okay? Or fixations through
  482. 22:32sale or rental or other forms of
  483. 22:35transfer. subject of course to the right
  484. 22:37to receive additional remuneration and
  485. 22:40in case the additional remuneration is
  486. 22:42not agreed upon then the law says they
  487. 22:46shall be receive at least 5% of the
  488. 22:49original compensation received for the
  489. 22:51first communication. Okay. Next right
  490. 22:55the right of authorizing the commercial
  491. 22:58rental to the public of the original and
  492. 23:01copies of the performances which are
  493. 23:03fixed in recordings. Okay. And uh the
  494. 23:07last the right of authorizing the making
  495. 23:10available to the public of their
  496. 23:12performance performances which are fixed
  497. 23:14in recordings. Okay.
  498. 23:18So performers also have the moral right
  499. 23:21with regard to their live oral
  500. 23:23performances. No oral AU no meaning uh
  501. 23:26auditory or performances which are fixed
  502. 23:29in sound recordings or in audiovisisual
  503. 23:33works or fixations to claim to be
  504. 23:36identified as the performer. No credits
  505. 23:38no they they should be listed in the
  506. 23:40credits and to object to any distortion
  507. 23:43mutilation or other modification of
  508. 23:46their performances. In short they can
  509. 23:49say
  510. 23:51performance. Okay. So that's for
  511. 23:54performers. Those are the neighboring or
  512. 23:56related rights. As for producers of
  513. 23:59sound recordings, they also have
  514. 24:01neighboring and related rights or
  515. 24:03related rights. No. So the person or the
  516. 24:07legal entity who or which takes the
  517. 24:09initiative and has the responsibility
  518. 24:12for the first fixation of the sounds of
  519. 24:15a performance or the representation of
  520. 24:17such sounds. They have the following
  521. 24:20rights. First, the following neighboring
  522. 24:23or associated rights. Now, first, the
  523. 24:25right to authorize the direct or
  524. 24:27indirect reproduction of their sound
  525. 24:29recordings in any manner or or form. No,
  526. 24:33meaning the placing of these
  527. 24:34reproductions in the market and the
  528. 24:36right of rental or lending. Next right
  529. 24:40is to authorize the first public
  530. 24:42distribution of the original and copies
  531. 24:45of their sound recordings through sale
  532. 24:47or rental. No. Next. right to authorize
  533. 24:51the commercial rental to the public of
  534. 24:53the original and copies of their sound
  535. 24:55recordings even after distribution by
  536. 24:58them or pursuant to author authorization
  537. 25:02by the producer. And last, the right to
  538. 25:06authorize the making available to the
  539. 25:08public of their sound recordings in such
  540. 25:10a way that members of the public may
  541. 25:13access the sound recording from a place
  542. 25:15and a time individually chosen or
  543. 25:18selected by them as well as other
  544. 25:20transmissions of a sound recording with
  545. 25:22like effect. Okay. And uh the last uh
  546. 25:27class which has uh neighboring rights
  547. 25:30would be broadcasting organizations
  548. 25:32which refer to natural may refer to a
  549. 25:35natural person or a juredical entity
  550. 25:38which is duly organized to engage in
  551. 25:41broadcasting. So they can enjoy the
  552. 25:44exclusive right to carry out authorize
  553. 25:46or prevent any of the following acts.
  554. 25:49First the rebroadcasting of their
  555. 25:52broadcasts. Okay. they can uh carry that
  556. 25:54out or they can prevent it. No. Second,
  557. 25:57the recording in any manner including
  558. 26:00the making of films or the use of
  559. 26:02videotape of their broadcasts for the
  560. 26:04purpose of communication to the public
  561. 26:08and the use of such records for fresh
  562. 26:11transmissions or for fresh recording.
  563. 26:16So uh take note that a literary,
  564. 26:18artistic or scholarly work is already
  565. 26:21protected from the moment of its
  566. 26:23creation. However, for additional
  567. 26:26protection, the law provides for the
  568. 26:28procedure of registration.
  569. 26:31Take note that registration is not
  570. 26:34necessary to protect the work as the
  571. 26:36copyright again exists from the moment
  572. 26:39of creation. for registration. Section
  573. 26:43191 gives us the rule at any time during
  574. 26:46the subsistence of the copyright, the
  575. 26:48owner of the copyright or of any
  576. 26:51exclusive right in the work may for the
  577. 26:53purpose of completing the records of the
  578. 26:55national library and the Supreme Court
  579. 26:57library. They may register and deposit
  580. 27:00with those libraries by personal
  581. 27:02delivery or by registered mail to
  582. 27:05complete copies or reproductions of the
  583. 27:07work in such form as may be prescribed
  584. 27:10by the libraries. Okay. Take note now I
  585. 27:14mentioned Supreme Court library but uh
  586. 27:16you only register there if uh uh if it
  587. 27:20uh pertains to some a work in the field
  588. 27:23of law. Okay? Otherwise everything else
  589. 27:25goes to the national library. Now uh
  590. 27:29again registration is not required okay
  591. 27:31registration and deposit with the
  592. 27:33library is not a condition of copyright
  593. 27:36protection and this is recognized in the
  594. 27:39website of the intellectual property
  595. 27:41office which says that recordation or
  596. 27:44deposit of your works is not necessary
  597. 27:47but authors and artists may opt to e
  598. 27:50execute an affidavit of ownership with
  599. 27:53the national library or the intellectual
  600. 27:56property office for the issuance of
  601. 27:59recordation and deposit. Okay, you can
  602. 28:02check out their website at uh
  603. 28:04ipoofill.gov.ph.
  604. 28:06I'll put it in the description below.
  605. 28:08Okay, in order to register your
  606. 28:10copyright online and they have
  607. 28:12instructions there, so it should be no
  608. 28:14problem at all. So, if registration is
  609. 28:18not necessary to protect the copyright,
  610. 28:20what's the use? Well, aside from serving
  611. 28:22as evidence of the copyright,
  612. 28:25okay, it also facilitates enforcement of
  613. 28:27the copyright after the author or the
  614. 28:29creator has died under section 198. The
  615. 28:34persons to be ch to to be charged with a
  616. 28:36postumous enforcement of copyrights
  617. 28:39shall be named in a written instrument
  618. 28:42which shall be filed with the national
  619. 28:43library and in their default the
  620. 28:46enforcement will devolve upon the
  621. 28:47author's heirs and in default of the
  622. 28:50heirs again the director of the national
  623. 28:53library.
  624. 28:54So how do we know that a copyright
  625. 28:56exists? Well, section 192 states that
  626. 29:00each copy of a work published or offered
  627. 29:03for sale may contain a notice bearing
  628. 29:07the name of the copyright owner and the
  629. 29:09year of its first publication. And in
  630. 29:12copies produced after the creator's
  631. 29:14death, then the year of such death.
  632. 29:17Since the the law uses the word may, the
  633. 29:20notice is not mandatory. However, take
  634. 29:22note that it is preferable. No, you
  635. 29:25would want to protect yourself in any
  636. 29:27way you can.
  637. 29:29Now, the law allows the owner of a
  638. 29:31copyright to transfer, assign, and
  639. 29:33license the copyright. Section 180.1
  640. 29:37states that the copyright may be
  641. 29:39assigned or licensed in whole or even in
  642. 29:42part. Okay. Within the scope of the
  643. 29:45assignment or license, the assenee or
  644. 29:48lency is entitled to all the rights and
  645. 29:51remedies which the assigner or licensor
  646. 29:54had with respect to the contract and
  647. 29:57this licensing or assignment must be
  648. 29:59written and the copyright owner has a
  649. 30:01right to regular statements of account.
  650. 30:04Okay. The assignment or license may be
  651. 30:07filed with the national library.
  652. 30:11Now in case of a submission of a
  653. 30:13literary, photographic or artistic work
  654. 30:16to a newspaper, magazine or periodical
  655. 30:19for publication that shall constitute
  656. 30:22only a license to make a single
  657. 30:24publication unless a greater right is
  658. 30:28expressly granted. No. So the parties
  659. 30:30can agree for a greater scope no in
  660. 30:33their agreement.
  661. 30:35Now, if two or more persons jointly own
  662. 30:38a copyright or any part thereof, neither
  663. 30:41of the owners shall be entitled to the
  664. 30:43to grant licenses without the prior
  665. 30:46written consent of the other owner. No,
  666. 30:48because you jointly own it. Okay? You
  667. 30:50have to get the consent of the other
  668. 30:51person. Now, I mentioned earlier that
  669. 30:54the copyright is distinct from the
  670. 30:56object or work subject of the copyright.
  671. 30:59Consequently, the transfer, assignment,
  672. 31:01or licensing of the copyright shall not
  673. 31:04by itself constitute a transfer of the
  674. 31:07material object.
  675. 31:10Nor shall a transfer or assignment of
  676. 31:13the sole copy or one or several copies
  677. 31:16of the work that will not imply
  678. 31:18transfer, assignment or licensing of the
  679. 31:22copyright. Okay. So uh again I discussed
  680. 31:25the rights and the duration of those
  681. 31:27rights and the procedure for
  682. 31:29registration. No uh in the next episode
  683. 31:32I'll be talking about infringement or
  684. 31:35the violation of the rights that I just
  685. 31:38discussed. Okay. So I hope you may have
  686. 31:40picked up a thing or two and I hope to
  687. 31:43see you next time guys. Okay. See you
  688. 31:44soon. Bye.

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