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Complete Medieval History | Bhakti Movement | LEC 17 | History for UPSC 2026 By Alok Ojha — Transcript

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0:16Hello friends, good afternoon. Am I
0:17audible and visible?
0:20Yes, somebody please ping me so that I
0:22can begin with today's session.
0:43Yes. Good afternoon, Nita.
0:47Okay.
0:49Good afternoon, Bimol.
0:58Hello everyone. Hi this is Alo Koja.
1:00Welcome to study IQ English. So we are
1:03going through the series of medival
1:05Indian history and by now we have
1:07covered many topics particularly
1:10approximately around 10 to 11 topics of
1:12the medival Indian history series like
1:15we have covered about the early Muslim
1:16invaders slave dynasty kilg touglak syad
1:21loi administration we have also tried to
1:24solve the MCQs particularly related to
1:27what we say the administration of Delhi
1:29Sultanat and Delhi Sultanat and
1:32Yesterday we had seen one of the most
1:33important concept which is not only
1:35important from the perspective of
1:36medieval India but also from the
1:39perspective of art and culture and that
1:41was sufism. Today we are going to throw
1:44light on bacti movement. So guys
1:49today's session would be a mix of both
1:52like it would be uh particularly
1:54conceptual plus factual in nature and
1:58here you have to remember many things
2:00like I'll give you few examples which
2:02are the important works of the bi saint
2:04ramanandhand g which are the important
2:07works of the bacti saint kabir daz gi
2:10what are some of the important texts
2:11related to bacti saint from the region
2:13of maharashtra daz gi so upsc usually
2:16usually has a tendency to ask a question
2:18on literature as well. So today's
2:20session is a mix of both. So it is
2:23conceptual plus factual. Okay guys and
2:28again I'm going to tell you a lot of
2:29stories in the start of the lecture or
2:32in the middle of the lecture you will
2:33feel like today a praan is going on or
2:36I'm delivering a sermon but yes we have
2:39to study that. Okay guys, so without
2:42wasting any more time, let's begin with
2:45the BI movement.
2:49Now, where did the BI movement initiate
2:52from? Okay, probably it is believed that
2:55the BI movement started approximately
2:57from 7th or between 7 to 12th century AD
3:02and particularly it was after the
3:04Islamic invasion. Okay, like we have
3:08studied about that Muhammad bin Kasim
3:10was the first Muslim invader of India.
3:12He was followed by Mahmud of Gazni
3:14followed by Muhammad Gori and the Chishi
3:16Silsa saints particularly Shik Munuin
3:20Chishi he came during the tenure of
3:22Muhammad Gori. Prior to this bi movement
3:26was initiated particularly in the region
3:28of southern part of India. One of the
3:32prime features of bacti movement was the
3:35bacti saint did not only come from the
3:37higher echilons of the society.
3:40Bi saints particularly came from the
3:42diverse background like I'll give you a
3:45few example. Ryaz gi or ravidas gi who
3:48was a bi saint particularly from the
3:50region of banaras or vanasi was a
3:53cobbler.
3:55Sadhana he was a butcher. Kabir daz gi
3:59he was a julaha. Jula basically means a
4:01weaver.
4:03Narhari he was a bacti saint from the
4:05region of Maharashtra and particularly
4:07he was a goldsmith. So these bi saints
4:10particularly came from the diverse
4:12background. First important
4:14characteristic of these bacti saint.
4:16Second important feature of these bacti
4:19saint was particularly these bi saints
4:23use the local language.
4:26They not only focused on devotion to
4:28God. They not only focused on bacti but
4:32they also focused on social religious
4:35reforms
4:37like as I've told you these bacti saints
4:39came from the diverse background. So
4:41they not only focused on the bacti of
4:43Lord Shiva, Lord Vishnu, Lord Ram or
4:45Lord Krishna but they also focused on
4:48removing the injustice that was
4:50prevailing in the society. There were
4:53many bacti saints particularly who were
4:55female as well. One of the famous
4:57example is Miraabai Gi. She was
5:00particularly a bacti saint from the
5:02region of Rajasthan and her verses are
5:04majorly written in Braj Bhasha Braj
5:08language which is famous in what we say
5:10western part of UP particularly Matra
5:12and Vindavan.
5:15There's a famous bakti saint
5:16approximately 13th 14th century AD bakti
5:19saint from the region of Kashmir. Her
5:21name is Lal also referred as Laleshwari.
5:25So Baki saints not only came from what
5:28we say higherons but from diverse
5:30background. Second important features bi
5:33saints there were many bi saints who
5:35were female as well. Third important
5:38aspect these bi saints use the local
5:41language to preach their teachings. Okay
5:45they use a local language to preach
5:48their teachings. I'll give you few
5:49examples.
5:51Like there are biases from the region of
5:53Maharashtra, Ramdas G, Tukaram G, Akanat
5:57G, Nyaneshwar G. They used to preach in
6:00Marathi language. Vidyapati he's also
6:04referred as Maiti Kavi Kokil
6:07particularly a bi saint from the region
6:08of Mitilah Bihar. He used Maiti as a
6:12means to propagate bacti and bring
6:14social religious reforms within the
6:16society.
6:18Tulsi Daz G, Kabir Daz gi they used
6:20Avadhi language which is prevalent
6:23particularly in the region of
6:24Purwanchchal eastern part of UP nursing
6:28ma a bi saint correct I'll give you a
6:31very small example and I cor I'll
6:33correlate the narim ma gi one of the
6:36bakti saints with Mahatma Gandhi okay a
6:39very small example I'll give you like
6:42particularly speaking uh you might have
6:44heard about that Mahatma Gandhi started
6:46Harijan campaign
6:48He started Harjan Seak and when he
6:50started Harjan Seakh where did he get
6:52the word Harijan from? What is Harajan?
6:54Harjan basically means people of God
6:58and the term Harjan at that time was not
7:01coined by Mahatma Gandhi. It was being
7:04coined by a Gujarati bacti saint from
7:06the medival India whose name was Nar
7:08Singh Ma. He was from the region of
7:11Gujarat. So those people who are
7:13discarded by the society are accepted by
7:16hurry or lord hence were referred as
7:19harijan.
7:21Okay. So particularly speaking. So here
7:24we will focus or throw lights on
7:26different aspects of the bacti movement.
7:28Now let's focus on the bacti movement
7:30particularly in the southern part of
7:33India. Now who are shvites? Who are
7:36vaynavites?
7:38Shvites are worshipper of Lord Shiva.
7:43On the other hand, Washites are
7:45worshipper of Lord Vishnu, Lord Ram or
7:49Lord Krishna.
7:51So the worshippers of Lord Shiva
7:53particularly in southern part of India
7:55were referred as Nayanars. I repeat the
7:58worshippers of Lord Shiva in southern
8:00part of India were referred as Nanar
8:04and as per different Tamil text as per
8:08the different text of the southern part
8:09of India totally there were 62 to 63
8:13Nars
8:15some of the important NRS I have
8:17mentioned here Sundar Morti Nan Aripat
8:21Nanar Kapa Nanar okay so these are the
8:26important nanars of that time. So
8:28totally there were 63 nanars who were
8:30devotees of Lord Shiva and the
8:33compilation of the poems of Sundar Morti
8:36Nayanar particularly is referred as
8:38thwaram I repeat it is referred as theam
8:42okay so please remember this concept
8:45as I've told you today's session is
8:47compilation of both concept as well as
8:50fact so here you have to remember things
8:53here you have to remember terminologies
8:56as time and Again I have told you one
8:58thing UPSC has a tendency particularly
9:00to ask questions on terminologies.
9:04So simple words worshippers of Lord
9:08Shiva were referred as nayanar.
9:12As per Tamil tradition there were 62 to
9:1563 nanars. Some of the examples were
9:18Aripat Nanar, Sundar Morti Nanar, Kapa
9:22Nanar and the compilation of the poems
9:25of these Nanar is referred as Taram.
9:29Okay. Now there's a temple dedicated to
9:32Kapa Nanar and that temple is dedicated
9:35is referred as Shri Khaleshwar temple
9:39and here Wu Lingam is woripped. So who
9:43was Kapa? Like you might have heard
9:45these stories particularly. You might
9:47have seen these stories in the episodes.
9:49You might see you might have seen these
9:50stories particularly in different series
9:52as well. I'll give you a small example.
9:55This temple Shri Khaleshwar it is
9:58dedicated to Kapanar who was a staunch
10:01devotey of Lord Shiva.
10:03So he was a hunter and whatever he used
10:06to hunt he used to offer it to Lord
10:08Shiva. Like for example, he used to also
10:10do service in the Shiva temple which was
10:12located in the jungles of Andhra
10:14Pradesh. So apart from that suppose he
10:17he has hunted a deer he will offer some
10:20part of a meat of the deer to Lord Shiva
10:22first and then have it. So whatever he
10:25used to hunt he used to offer it to Lord
10:26Shiva. So he was very pious in that
10:29case. So one fine day when he was
10:31cleaning the temple he saw that from one
10:34eye of the Shivalingum the eye was
10:36bleeding.
10:38So he could not see that he could not
10:40bear that he immediately that was the bi
10:44of kapaanar that was a devotion of
10:46kapaan nanar towards lord shiva that he
10:49removed one of his eyes and placed there
10:53after some time he observed that the
10:55second eye of the shivalingum it was
10:58again bleeding. So what did he do? He
11:01climbed on the shiveling. He put one of
11:03his foot on the second eye so that he
11:06could not mistakenly position the second
11:08eye there. So what did he do? He removed
11:10his second eye and he was putting there
11:12where he has put his foot. Many
11:15historians or many particularly saints
11:17or legendary stories of that time
11:19believed that Lord Shiva he came and he
11:23returned back the both the eyes of Kapa
11:26and he was very much happy with the
11:27devotion and the bi of kapa and there's
11:30a temple which is dedicated to vayu
11:32lingum located in Andhra Pradesh and
11:36that temple particularly is referred as
11:38Shri Kalasteshwar temple
11:42okay Sri Kalheshwar temple temple is
11:44dedicated to kapa nanar. So totally
11:47there were 63 nanars. So just one thing
11:50you have to remember if the question
11:52comes up in the examination who are
11:55nayanars very simple words they are
11:58worshippers of lord shiva in southern
12:00part of India.
12:02The compilation of the poems of nanars
12:05were referred as taram.
12:08Okay. And this is one of the story of
12:10kapa nanar. Now this is about shvism.
12:14What about wnavism?
12:16So particularly speaking who are
12:18wnavites?
12:20Wishnavites are particularly worshippers
12:22of Lord Vishnu and different avatars of
12:25Lord Vishnu.
12:27Like you might have heard about this
12:29that there are 10 or dash avatars of
12:31Lord Vishnu. The prime avtars among
12:34being them like is Lord Ram and Lord
12:36Krishna. So wnavism in simple words is
12:40bi or devotion to Lord Vishnu or
12:44particularly Lord what we say Krishna or
12:47Lord Ram.
12:49Okay. Now particularly saying here as
12:53per the South Indian tradition as per
12:55the legendary stories the worshippers of
12:58Lord Vishnu were referred as Alvar and
13:03as per the legendary stories of southern
13:06India. There were 12 alvars. I repeat,
13:09there were 12 alvars.
13:12Some of the important ones are
13:16Perry Alvar. Second, Kul Kulakhar Alvar,
13:20Andal Alvar, Thiru Mangayi Alvar,
13:23Madurkavi Alvwar and there's a famous
13:26story associated with Andal Alvwar and
13:29she was a lady her name was actually
13:32Gothi. Goi basically means bhumi putri
13:36okay I'll give you a very small example
13:38about this like there was a person named
13:41as peralwar
13:43okay and peralwar he was a worshipper st
13:46devotey of lord vishnu
13:49and what happened like he used to make
13:51garlands for lord vishnu for many years
13:55but it is believed that he was childless
13:57he did not had any son or a daughter so
14:00he like he continuously keep he used to
14:03make garlands for Lord Vishnu and he
14:05used to pray in front uh in front of him
14:07that bless me with a child either a girl
14:09or a boy. Finally under a Tulsi plant
14:12one day he found a small girl and he
14:16named that girl as Gothai. I repeat he
14:19named that girl as a goi.
14:23Okay. Now he said that I have got this
14:26girl particularly because of the I have
14:28got this girl on the mother earth. So he
14:30kept her name Gothai which means a bumi
14:32putri and it it is due to the blessings
14:35of Lord Vishnu. Now with the passage of
14:37time this girl Gai she grew up and when
14:41she also started like making garlands
14:43for Lord Vishnu and before offering the
14:46garland to Lord Vishnu this girl she
14:49used to first wear the garland and then
14:52used to offer the garland to Lord
14:53Vishnu.
14:55Okay. Now one fine day this person
14:57Pelvar he saw that his daughter is first
15:00wearing the garland and then she's
15:02offering it to Lord Vishnu. He became so
15:04angry that he again put that girl in the
15:06same temple of what we say andal was a
15:10temple dedicated to Lord Vishnu.
15:12As per legendary stories Lord Vishnu
15:14appeared in the dreams of Piralvar and
15:16it said that it's better that the girl
15:18wear the garland first and then offer it
15:20to me because whenever she's directly
15:22offering me the garland the garland
15:24falls down.
15:26And whenever she wears the garland and
15:28then offers it to me that garland it
15:30becomes of gold.
15:32So from year onwards this girl was
15:34referred as Andal alwar. She was a lady.
15:38So there are totally 12 alwars in south
15:41Indian tradition.
15:43Okay. Now specifically speaking if the
15:47question comes in the examination who
15:49are alurs very simple language alurs are
15:53devotey of lord Vishnu.
15:56Okay, I repeat the points in a very
15:58simple language. If the question come
16:00who are naars, worshippers or devotees
16:03of Lord Shiva,
16:05who are alurs, worshippers or devotees
16:07of Lord Vishnu, Krishna or Ram? Now the
16:11bacti movement of North India was
16:13particularly inspired from the bacti
16:16movement or Nanar and Allure tradition
16:20of South India. Okay. So there were
16:23different bacti saints at that time and
16:26these bacti saints were majorly majorly
16:28categorized into two parts nirun and
16:32sagun. I repeat nirun and sagun. So
16:36before we understand the concept of
16:38nirun and sagun. Okay did you understand
16:41the point till here? How did the bacti
16:44movement originated? What was the role
16:47played by the local languages? How the
16:49bi movement not only created the
16:51devotion or the feeling of bacti among
16:54its disciples but also it divided the it
16:57also what we say particularly it
17:00restricted the cast divide because these
17:02bakti saints came from the diverse
17:04backgrounds.
17:05Okay. Did you understand the concepts of
17:07alws and nars? Yes. Please let me know.
17:17Okay.
17:18So let's move with further part of the
17:21session here. Just have a pen and paper
17:24along with you and please keep on noting
17:26down important facts. Okay, today's
17:30session is full of important facts. As
17:33I've told you in the start of the
17:34session itself, questions usually crop
17:36up in the examination in the form of
17:38like Bijak was a compilation of whom?
17:42Okay. Then Ram Charit Manis was written
17:45by whom? Parvati Mangal or Saki Mangal
17:48was written by whom. So these kinds of
17:51question crop up in the examination. So
17:53I'll be telling you few important
17:54stories and after that I'll also tell
17:56you what points needs to be noted down.
18:00Okay.
18:02Now what is the concept of saguna and
18:04nugunam?
18:06Nugam niruna bhakti saints believe that
18:10god has no forms and attributes.
18:13On the other hand, tagura bakti saint
18:16they believe that god has forms and
18:19attributes like human beings.
18:21Okay. Now I'll give you few examples and
18:24I'll also correlate one of the examples
18:26with swami viveanand gi whose original
18:29name was narendra nat data gi. Okay. Now
18:32particularly in sagund they believed in
18:34the concept of idol worship. Okay. Like
18:38we have seen in the modern India during
18:40as a part of Renaissance there were many
18:42social religious reformer who were
18:44against the system of idol worship
18:48particularly Rajaram moan Roy G and many
18:50others but Swami Vivean G he supported
18:54idol worship okay now I'll give you one
18:56of the finest examples about this Swami
18:59Vivean Gj once upon a time he went to
19:01the region of what we say Rajasthan and
19:04he met the ruler in the Rajasthan and
19:07the ruler was a very good ruler but he
19:09was a bit egoistic and he had a bit of
19:12pride in his ancestral lineage. So he
19:15was sitting like Swami Viveanji was
19:16sitting in the darbar of that ruler and
19:19there were many paintings of his
19:20ancestors there. Okay. And here the
19:23ruler commented that idol worship is a
19:26futile practice. It is a useless
19:28practice.
19:29For a while Swami Vivean GI was
19:31listening and after some time he went
19:34near the paintings of those what we say
19:36uh his ancestors. So Swami Vikanji
19:39started inquiring who is he who is he?
19:42So Raja Maharaja with proud he said like
19:45he is my grandfather he is my father and
19:48so on.
19:50So he picked one of the paintings and he
19:52told it. Now the rahaja he got very
19:55angry and he said that I have heard
19:57narendra nar gi that you are one of the
19:59most what do you say wise person you are
20:02epidome of wisdom and knowledge I did
20:04not expect this from you so this like
20:07swami vikaranji said like simple words
20:11it's just a piece of a paper there's no
20:13emotion attached to it so why are you so
20:15much worrying about it he said I have an
20:17emotion attached to it because it's the
20:19painting of my greatgrandfather
20:21so here Swami Viveanj gave reply.
20:24Similarly, people have an emotion
20:26attached to the idol. Hence, people
20:29believe in idol worship. Like how you
20:32have an emotion attached to the painting
20:33of your greatgrandfather.
20:36Similarly, people have an emotion
20:37attached to that idol either it be of
20:39Lord Shiva, Lord Vishnu, Lord Krishna,
20:42Lord Ram or for that sake idol of any
20:44goddess.
20:47So particularly who are Sagun Bakti
20:49saints? Saguri saints believe that God
20:53has forms and attributes like human
20:55beings.
20:57On the other hand, Nirugurabaki saints
20:59believe that God has no forms and
21:01attributes. And one of the finest
21:04example of Nirunaki saint is Kabir. And
21:08the compilation of the dhas of Kabir are
21:11referred as Bijak. Just listen to me.
21:14I'll tell you what to write. I'll make
21:15you write within short everything. Okay.
21:20Now
21:25Kabir like there are many stories
21:28associated with Kabir. He was a nurun
21:31bhakti saint. Okay. Like the followers
21:34or the disciples or the devotees of
21:36Saint Kabir. They believe that many have
21:39a different opinion and dissenting
21:40opinions and different stories about the
21:43birth and death of Kabir. Okay. Like uh
21:46many believe that Kabir G was born to a
21:49Brahmin widow and the lady discarded
21:52Kabir G and there was a Muslim weaver
21:55family like the the person were Niru and
21:59Nema they raised Kabir.
22:02So Kabir calls himself as a julaha or a
22:05weaver. So although he was born in a
22:08Brahmin family particularly he was being
22:11raised up by a Muslim family. So in that
22:14case Kabir like many believe that guru
22:17Ramanandha G was one of the gurus of
22:20what we say Kabir and many also believe
22:23that there was a Sufi saint who was also
22:26one of the gurus of Kabir G. The name of
22:29the Sufi saint was Taki.
22:34So Kabir G had two gurus. One was Guru
22:37Ramanandh G and other was Taki. And
22:40particularly the mention of Taki we will
22:42find in the ministry of cultures
22:44website.
22:46Okay. Now Kabir G he was not only
22:49basically if you see he not only spread
22:51bacti among the people but he also
22:54spread the message of social equality
22:56among the people. Kabir G also finds
22:59mention in guru grant sahib g one among
23:02the sacred text of sikism.
23:04I had already given you one of the
23:06examples of sikundar loi. Correct? I'll
23:09again repeat that example like Kabir's
23:12teachings were quite liberal and Kabir
23:14were not that literate his teachings
23:17were very liberal in that case like the
23:20fundamentalistic followers of Islam it
23:22is believed that they had issued fatwa
23:24against Kabir for 52 times and Sikandar
23:28Ludi once upon a time he was suffering
23:30from a disease and that disease
23:32particularly was associated with rashes
23:34on the skin he used to feel burning
23:37sensation on the in and he had an
23:39unbearable pain.
23:41Va physicians, Bhishaj, Mishajj, Hakeim
23:45from all the corners of the town have
23:47visited this person Sikandra Lodi but
23:49nobody could cure his disease.
23:52Finally somebody said him go and meet S
23:55Kabir in Banaras or Vhanasi
23:58probably he can cure your disease. So
24:00this person Sikandar Lodi he goes to
24:01Banaras and he was waiting outside the
24:04hut of Rammanandha G. As I've told you
24:06Ramanandha G was the guru of Kabir and
24:09somebody has told him particularly that
24:12he would be Kabir G would be coming
24:14within a while for the evening arti. So
24:16you just wait outside. So Sikandar Lodi
24:19asked one of the disciples of Raman
24:20Ramanj can I wait inside the hut. So he
24:23says I'll take permission from Ramanji
24:25just wait outside till then. This person
24:27goes in and Rammanji says that here only
24:31that person can enter into the hut who
24:33has not made any discrimination on the
24:34basis of religion and cast. First thing
24:38secondly he has always preached the
24:40concept of nonviolence and the ruler
24:43like Sikandar Lodi is not allowed inside
24:45my heart because he has neither preached
24:48nonviolence because he has always
24:50followed the policy of mass massacre and
24:52secondly he has always discriminated on
24:55the basis of religion. He's a bygot.
24:58Sikandar Ludi was listening to
24:59everything and he got so infuriated or
25:02angry that he killed Ramanandhan G.
25:04Kabir G arrived and Kabir G through his
25:07miraculous powers it is believed that
25:09that he again what we say gave life to
25:12his guru Ramanand G and he put one of
25:15his hands on this person Sikundar Lodi
25:17and Sikundar Lodi got cured of his
25:19diseases.
25:22So there are many miraculous stories
25:24associated with Kabir. So Kabir is a
25:26nirugunabi saint. Okay. Now the
25:30compilation of the dhas of Kabir are
25:33referred as bijak. Okay. And one of the
25:38famous dha of Kabir is saki. So this is
25:41majorly about the one of the bacti
25:44saints Kabir. So please note down one
25:47bakti saint Kabir. I'll tell you what to
25:50write. Please note down fast. Kabir
25:59Kabir was a niruni saint.
26:05As per historical legendary stories,
26:08note down fast. I'll tell you important
26:10points to be noted down. As per
26:13legendary historical stories, he was
26:15born to a Brahmin widow who abandoned
26:19him.
26:23Kabir was being raised up by a Muslim
26:26couple, Niru and Nema
26:34who were weavers.
26:36who were weavers.
26:40Kabir G called himself as Jula or a
26:44weaver.
26:47Kabir G called himself as julaha or a
26:50weaver.
26:53The compilation of dhas of Kabir are
26:57referred as bijak.
27:00The compilation of the dhas of Kabir are
27:03referred as bijak.
27:07One of the famous dhas or the works of
27:09Kabir include
27:12One of the famous Dhas or the works of
27:14Kabir include
27:17Taki.
27:19Okay, please note down only those things
27:22that I'm dictating. There's no need to
27:25note down the additional things. Okay,
27:32I'll help you out in making the notes
27:34for your revision. Hence only note those
27:37things which I'm dictating. Moving on
27:39next.
27:44Sagun bhakti saint as I've told you I
27:46have given you the example of swami
27:48viveanji. Sagun bhakti saints are those
27:50saints who believe that god has forms
27:52and attributes like human beings and
27:55they believe in the worship of Lord
27:56Shiva, Lord Vishnu or Lord Krishna in a
28:00human form. Correct? Like we have not
28:02seen we have not seen Lord Ram but we
28:05have glorified him like a human correct
28:07like he has two hands or we have
28:09depicted him like a human. Similarly
28:11with Lord Krishna okay now let's
28:14understand about the sagun saints. The
28:16first saint is Rammanand
28:22Rahmanand he was the guru particularly
28:25of Kabir G and Raman G had many
28:28disciples. Ravidas G or Ryhaz G was a
28:31disciple of Rammanandanj. Tadada a
28:34butcher he was a disciple of Rammanandha
28:36G. Kabir was a disciple of Rammanand G.
28:39And Ramanandhu G is considered as the
28:42first bi saint of North India and he was
28:46born at a place called as Priag which is
28:48located in Uttar Pradesh. Okay. Now he
28:52believed in two important principle. One
28:54was perfect love for God and second was
28:57human brotherhood. Here in perfect love
29:00for God he mean to say about one
29:02important concept and that concept is
29:04referred as piousness purity of thoughts
29:10correct I'll give you a very simple
29:13example probably a hypothetical story
29:16okay today's session it might sound like
29:18I'm what we say saying a praan to every
29:21one of you but you'll enjoy the session
29:23because here it is full of stories
29:25although it are although these are like
29:27pravachans but let's understand them.
29:30Okay. So I'll give you a few examples
29:32like there was one boy a hypothetical
29:35story but which explains the actual
29:37meaning of the word piousness. Why
29:39piousness of thoughts are more
29:41important? Why piousness of your work is
29:43more important. Okay. Now there was a
29:46boy and this boy he was a very healthy
29:48boy but he uh he never worked and his
29:51parents were fed up fed up of him like
29:53you continuously keep on eating you're
29:55not working and you have three sisters
29:57like we cannot feed you anymore we have
29:59three daughters to marry so go and earn
30:02otherwise we'll uh what we say discard
30:04you from this home he tried to find a
30:06job but he did not get any job so he his
30:08parents discarded him from the home so
30:10he goes into one of the ashams and he
30:12meets one of the gurus and he says that
30:14just keep me in the ashram and just feed
30:16me for the two times I would be more
30:18than happy. So the guru said okay. So he
30:22was very happy with his life in the uh
30:24in the ashram in the hot spice. So one
30:26fine day there was something called as
30:29ikadashi. Now what is ikadashi? It's a
30:32vat dedicate or it's a fasting dedicated
30:33to lord vishnu. And in the asham the
30:36guru said particularly that on the day
30:39of akadashi which is also referred as
30:40ghas we do not prepare any food here.
30:43Everyone has to go for a rigorous
30:45fasting. Now this person he became like
30:47he became completely tensed and goes to
30:49the gurus. If I do not have a food I
30:52will faint. So guru says this is a
30:54tradition. You have to follow this. But
30:56if you cannot control your hunger you
30:58just go near the river side. Okay
31:01prepare your food there. I will give you
31:03the resources from the asham. So this
31:05guy was like okay
31:09just a second.
31:14So this guy's this guy was like okay
31:16I'll go near the river side. So guru
31:18gave him the all grocery and few what we
31:21say the masalas and so on that you can
31:23go and prepare your food there.
31:26Before he was leaving Guru said that
31:28before you consume the food offer the
31:30food to Lord Ram. So he said okay. So he
31:33prepared the entire food and he thought
31:35that actually Lord Ram would be coming
31:37to have the food. So he started praising
31:40Lord Ram. He started chanting the
31:41mantras of Lord Ram for the next 10 to
31:4315 minutes. But Lord Ram did not come.
31:45Finally he got angry and he said are you
31:47coming or shall I have the food? So
31:50legendary stories believe that Lord Ram
31:51came along with Dvi Sitha. So rather
31:54than feeling happy for it that Lord Ram
31:56and Dvi Sittita has given me the dion,
31:58he became sad. He said that I have
32:00prepared food only for one person, two
32:03persons, for me and you. How will we get
32:06the food for the third person now? Lord
32:08Ram started laughing and he said don't
32:10worry the food will suffice. He goes
32:12away. Then the next Akadashi comes. So
32:15he says to the guru that I want a more
32:18food. I want more grocery because there
32:19are two gods that they come. Guru
32:22thought that he is he has a healthy
32:23body. So he might be hungry last time.
32:26So I'll give him the more groceries so
32:28that he can prepare more food. Guru gave
32:30him. Now he prepared the food started
32:32calling for God Lord Ram and Dvi Sitha.
32:35Lord Ram, Dvi Sittita also arrived with
32:37Lord Hanuman. Okay. So when they arrived
32:40particularly it is believed that this
32:42person again he became sad. I have made
32:45food only for three people. We are four
32:47now. So he said Lord Ram said don't
32:50worry about this. Now before Lord Ram
32:52was leaving he said like this person
32:54asked Lord Ram for the next time how
32:56many of you are coming please let us
32:57know. So he said like Lord Ram said
33:00don't worry next ikadashi he asked guru
33:03the food of at least 10 people. Now guru
33:05he got like he was he had a suspicion on
33:07this person that he alone cannot eat
33:10what we say eat the food of 10 people
33:12although he might be so much healthy. So
33:14he gave him the grocery but he started
33:16following him secretly.
33:19So he went there before preparing the
33:21food he start he called all the gods and
33:23he said that I knew many of you will
33:26come. So you want I want you guys to
33:28prepare food for me. So secretly guru
33:31was watching him and when guru was
33:33watching him guru asked him are you
33:35insane are you mad? Whom are you talking
33:37to? Okay he said I'm speaking to Lord
33:40Ram. I'm speaking to God Sitha Lord
33:42Hanuman. Where are they? Guru asked him.
33:45So this person he got surprised and he
33:47asked Lord Ram you are visible to me but
33:49you are not visible to my guru. What's
33:52the reason? Lord Ram gave a very simple
33:54answer. Your heart is more pious in
33:57comparison to your guru. Hence I'm
33:59visible to you. I'm not visible to your
34:01guru. So here particularly Raman and Gj
34:04through this incident tries to say one
34:06important thing that piousness of heart
34:09is more important and in prayers what
34:12happens you need to have particularly
34:15more faith in whatever you are believing
34:18correct many times what happens we pray
34:20to Lord for some time and when our
34:22prayers are unanswered for some time we
34:24lose faith in god so what do we do we
34:27change the god suppose if we worship
34:29lord vishu now we'll start worshiping
34:31lord murugan Then we'll start worshiping
34:33Lord Ganesha. Correct? The best aspect
34:36here is to have faith in Lord. Hope you
34:39understood here Rammanandu G.
34:43Thanks. Yes. Thanks a lot. So
34:46particularly this was about one of the
34:48bacti saint whose name was Rammanandhu
34:50G. Let's move on with further about the
34:54disciples of Ramananduji. Now let's
34:56understand few disciples. First disciple
34:58was Kabir Gi a Muslim weaver who called
35:00himself as a julaha. Okay. And as I've
35:04told you he was a nuruna bakti saint.
35:07Okay. Second important was was raidaz gi
35:11or ravias gi who is also referred as a
35:14cobbler. He was cobbler by profession.
35:17Okay. Now particularly speaking there's
35:21a story about ravidas gi or raidas gi. A
35:25very short story again a story
35:27particularly uh which is what we say
35:30hidden in the books of uh legendary
35:32stories I can say or mythological
35:33stories like Ryaz G or Ravidas G he
35:38belonged to the downtrodden section of
35:39the society he worked as a cobbler and
35:43in that case he continuously used to
35:44chant the name of the lord although he's
35:47doing his duty still in his mind he's
35:49chanting the name of the lord okay now
35:52particularly speaking Uh what happens
35:55like uh one once upon a time he was
35:57making a slipper and there was a Brahmin
35:59who approached him and when the Brahman
36:01approached him uh like uh his slippers
36:04were being thrown. So he asked him
36:05please make my slippers. He said okay.
36:07He started making the slippers of that
36:09Brahman. And he asked him one thing
36:11where are you going? So he said that I'm
36:12going to have a dip in the holy Ganges
36:15river. I'm going for a Gangasan and that
36:18will what we say remove all my sins.
36:20after that I will do saandan perform my
36:23pujan and then I'll come back so he he
36:26gave him the chapel and he said that why
36:28are you asking me and how do you what do
36:30you know about these things so it's
36:32better you do your work he said yes I
36:35don't know anything about this so he the
36:37brahman asked how much money he said
36:38nothing so he said like when he brahman
36:41was leaving raid gi or raid gi said he
36:43gave a small coin okay and he said that
36:45offer this to gangjes river brahman went
36:49he had a dip in the holy Ganges river.
36:52He performed Sandhaandan his pujan and
36:54while coming back he remembered one
36:55thing that cobbler had given me a coin.
36:58I'll offer this coin to Ganjes river and
37:00he offered that coin.
37:02Legendary stories, mythological stories
37:04believe that from there he got a bangal
37:06of gold. He came back he thought on the
37:09like on the way he thought that I'll
37:11give this bangal to king. He'll become
37:13very happy and give me some gold coins.
37:15And this is what happened. He gave those
37:17bang he gave that bangal to the king and
37:19king gave him 5,000 gold coins. After
37:22some time queen said I want the second
37:24pair of the bangal. Now the brahman was
37:26again being called by the king. So he
37:30started giving excuses but king now
37:32threatened him that if you do not get
37:33the second pair of the bangal I'll kill
37:34you or else for the second pair of the
37:36bangal I'll pay you 10,000 gold coins.
37:39Now this person started weeping. He
37:41started crying. He told the entire
37:43story. Both of them goes to the cobbler
37:45ravidas gi or raidas gi and it is
37:48believed that ravidas gi he took a bowl
37:51in this he poured certain ganga jal that
37:52is the holy water of river ganges and he
37:54prayed to river ganges that I don't have
37:57any greed for gold it's just because I
38:00want to save the life of this brahman
38:02please give me a gold bangal
38:04mythological stories believe that again
38:06a gold bangal was being offered to raid
38:08gi by river ganges so there's a saying
38:11or a kahawat or a muhavra or A quote in
38:14Hindi you might have heard about this a
38:15very famous quote
38:19simple words if your heart is pious you
38:22will find river Ganga in the bowel as
38:24well. So that was a story of a rayaz gi
38:26who was a cobbler by profession and
38:29disciple of saint ramanand gi. Another
38:33important bacti saint was sane. He was a
38:35barber. Then another important bacti
38:38saint was dhana. He was a jart peasant.
38:42Sadhana he was a butcher and he was like
38:46again a devotey of Lord Vishnu in the
38:48form of Shali Graham. I'll give you a
38:50very small example about this.
38:53Okay?
38:55I'll make you write things. Don't worry.
38:57I'll make you write things. Just listen
38:59to me right now.
39:01Like Sadhana, he was a butcher. Okay? He
39:04used to chop meats. He used to sell the
39:06meat. And although he's chopping meat
39:09continuously, he used to chant the name
39:10of Lord Vishnu. Everyone used to
39:13criticize him. Everyone used to curse
39:15him. What kind of a person is he? On one
39:18hand he's killing the living beings that
39:21is he's chopping the meat and on the
39:23other hand he's chanting the name of the
39:24lord Vishnu. He never answered anything
39:27to anyone. Okay. So one fine day he was
39:30going through the jungles and he came
39:32across a small stone. So he picked up
39:34that stone and he thought that I can use
39:36this stone. It looks good. I can use
39:37this stone as a part of weights and
39:39measures. He took that stone. Now
39:42somebody came to his shop and told him
39:44that please give me 1 kg of meat. He put
39:46that stone and it is believed that
39:49particularly started measuring. So he
39:51believed that yes this stone is
39:52equivalent to 1 kg. After some time
39:54somebody comes and says please give me 2
39:56kg of meat. Again he puts a stone the
39:59specifically stone becomes of 2 kg. So
40:02he believed that this is a miraculous
40:03stone and the news spread into the
40:06entire village. Now the Brahman or the
40:08chief priest of the temple of that
40:10village comes to meet Sadhana and says
40:12that this is nothing but Shaligram one
40:14of the forms of Lord Vishnu and you are
40:16using him as a weight and measure give
40:18it to me. So he was being given and he
40:21was being worshiped in the temple. Lord
40:23Shaligram or Lord Vishnu particularly
40:26came in the dream of that priest and
40:28said that I like give me back to what we
40:30say this person sadhana because although
40:32he's doing his work he's continuously
40:34chanting my name. So this was a story of
40:37sadha a butcher a disciple of saint
40:39ramanand nurhari a goldsmith he was
40:43again a bi saint and a disciple of whom
40:47s ramanandandha gi who was the first
40:49bacti saint of north India now let me
40:52give you a small example about this
40:58narhara goldsmith you might have heard
41:00about a famous place called as pandarpur
41:02in Maharashtra
41:05correct
41:06where Lord Bittal is woripped or where
41:08Vitoba is woripped. Okay, like
41:11particularly speaking on 19th of Feb
41:14like I was reading one of the articles
41:16uh in one of the uh magazines and that
41:18article was related to the concept of
41:20pandarpurwari.
41:23Okay, I'll tell you two to three
41:25important things like please read about
41:27the concept of pandarpurwari. It's a
41:30yatra, it's a pilgrimage. I was reading
41:32that in one of the uh magazines. Second,
41:36please read about Abubachi Ma. Okay, I
41:39have also made a short on ambubachi mea.
41:41Now, why was Abu Bachi mea separate
41:43celebrated? Okay, it is a very important
41:45part of art and culture like Abu Bachi.
41:49It is being conducted particularly in
41:51the Kamakya Dvi temple located in
41:52Guahhati in Assam. Now it is believed
41:56that every year the menstrual cycle
41:59occurs to Kamatka Dvi and different
42:02tantric practices are performed at that
42:03time and there's a gathering of many
42:06devotees at that time. Abu Bachi Ma is
42:09also called as Mahakum of the east.
42:13So Abu Bachi is particularly celebrated
42:15where it is celebrated particularly in
42:17Kamakya Dvi temple. So please keep on
42:21updating your art and culture with
42:23current affairs as well.
42:25Correct. There are many aspects that
42:27come in the news recently.
42:30So please like many of times questions
42:32students have a question sir do we what
42:34we say can we get the questions
42:36particularly of history from current
42:37affairs? Yes. Many a times questions are
42:40asked in this manner. Yesterday we had
42:43seed sufism and in the sufism I've
42:46talked about baba fared and I had given
42:48you one of the examples of 26 26th
42:50January republic day parade 2025.
42:53The tableau of Punjab particularly
42:55depicted the idol of Baba Fared. So that
42:58kind of questions can crop up in the
42:59examination. Okay. So please read about
43:02Ambubachi Ma. Please read about
43:03Pandarpur Wari. Okay. A famous yatra
43:07particularly celebrated in the region of
43:08Maharashtra.
43:10So I'll give you a small example like
43:13many people they believe that Lord Naran
43:15is different, Lord Mahadev is different.
43:17So this person the case of narhuri or
43:20what we say a goldsmith it exemplifies
43:23that hurry and her both are same hurry
43:25means vishnu har means mahadev lord
43:27shiva how I'll give you a very small
43:29example there was a couple who came to
43:32dion of lord vtoa or vishnu at a place
43:35called as pandarpur and when they come
43:37to the dion of that what we say the dity
43:40uh year they seek blessings that please
43:43bless us with a child after 2 years they
43:46were being blessed with a male child and
43:48he had said that if I like I'm blessed
43:51with a child I'll give you a what we say
43:53gold chain for your waist I'll offer you
43:56a gold chain for your waist after one
43:59year he comes and inquires from the
44:00priest who is the best goldsmith in your
44:02entire town so priest suggests that
44:05Narhari is the best goldsmith in our
44:06town but there's a problem he's
44:08worshiper of Lord Shiva and is
44:10completely opposed to Lord Vishnu so he
44:12won't be making the gold chain for you
44:13but you can go and request him this what
44:16we say merch merchant wealthy merchant
44:17goes to narhuri narhuri says that I
44:20won't be coming to the temple of wittal
44:22but do one thing I'll give you a thread
44:24with the help of the thread you can
44:25measure the waist of wittal and I'll
44:27make a chain accordingly same thing
44:29happened now when the chain was being
44:31made of the waist it is believed that it
44:33became too short this person again comes
44:36back to him he again gives him the
44:38measure second time the chain it becomes
44:40too long now this person he got annoyed
44:43and he comes to nurhari now nurhari says
44:45that put a cloth on my eye. I won't be
44:48observing the uh idol of Lord Vittal. I
44:51will just touch his waist. Okay. When he
44:54touched the waist of Lord Whitt, he said
44:55that are you fooling me? This is not
44:57Lord Vital. This is Lord Mahadev.
44:59Finally his what we say eye band was
45:01being removed and he believed started
45:03believing one thing. Har and her are the
45:05same. So that was the story of Narhari a
45:08goldsmith who was the disciple of
45:10Rammanand. Peipa a Rajput prince he was
45:12a disciple of what we say Rammanandha G.
45:16So please note down important points.
45:18Okay.
45:21Stories are a different aspect. Story
45:23seems interesting. I'm telling you these
45:26stories because when you remember these
45:27stories, what happens many times? If I
45:29directly start telling you the fact like
45:32if you observe my ancient India lecture,
45:33if you observe the lecture of modern
45:35India, if you observe the series of
45:37medieval India, you'll come to know one
45:39thing that I have followed the pattern
45:40of stories. Why? Even in the examination
45:44hall if you're not remembering the exact
45:46fact you'll remember the story and with
45:48the help of the story you will land up
45:50getting your answer because you will try
45:51to correlate with that fact. Okay.
45:55Please note down
45:57Rammanand
46:00Rammanand G was the first bacti saint of
46:02North India.
46:07He was born at Priag Uttar Pradesh.
46:10Few
46:14of the disciples of Rammanandu gi
46:15includes
46:18Kabir a Muslim weaver/julaha
46:29Ryaz G or Ravidas G a cobbler
46:33one more important point you need to
46:34note down Ryaz G or Ravidas G who was a
46:37cobbler okay and the disciple of Ryazi
46:41or Ravidas G was Miraabai.
46:45She was a Rajput princess particularly
46:47belonging to Codhia dynasty. So Ryaz G
46:51or Ravidas G cobbler and her his
46:53disciple was Miraabai.
46:57Sain a barber.
47:01Dhana a jart peasant.
47:06Sadha a butcher.
47:11Narhari a goldsmith from the region of
47:13Pandharpur.
47:16Also in box write about
47:19just keep a fact for you so that you
47:21will at least watch a video on
47:22Pandharpurwari.
47:24Write pandarpurwari
47:26ambubachi ma please note down.
47:30It's important from the perspective of
47:31art and culture. Just note down
47:32somewhere. Okay.
47:36Then Peipa a Rajput prince.
47:46Peipa A Rajput prince.
47:49Okay.
47:51Chhatananya Maha Prahu. He was a bi
47:54saint from the region of Bengal and he
47:57is also referred as vishwambar mishra
47:59and he was a devotey of lord rah lord
48:02krishna and goddess Radha. So simple
48:05words he was a devotey of Krishna and
48:07Radha and he played a very major role in
48:10spreading Vashnavism particularly bi of
48:13goddess Radha and Lord Krishna
48:15particularly in the region of Bengala
48:18and he's also called as Chatanya Maha
48:20Prahu or Gordia Maha Prabhu okay Gordya
48:24Mahaprabhu who wrote his biography
48:27Krishna Das Kaviraj so please note down
48:31Chaitanya Maha Prabhu
48:34also referred as Vishwambar Mishra.
48:37Chhatananya Maha Prah who also referred
48:39as Vishwambar Mishra was a bacti saint
48:41from the region of Bengal.
48:47Staunch devotey of Goddess Radha and
48:51Lord Krishna.
48:55His biography was being written by
48:58Krishna Das Kabir.
49:01A factual thing guys.
49:14Next one.
49:16Miraabai.
49:18A very famous
49:22Mirabay. She was a bacti saint from the
49:24region of Rajasthan.
49:26Now
49:29particularly speaking like Miraabai
49:32right from the birth itself like she was
49:34devoted to Lord Krishna and she believed
49:37that Lord Krishna is like her husband.
49:39How like when she was very small a saint
49:41visited her palace and the saint had a
49:45small idol of Lord Krishna and he used
49:48to dress him properly. He used to offer
49:51him what we say sweets. He used to offer
49:53him prashadam. After this he used to
49:54dance in from front of him. He used to
49:57sing bhajan and kithan in front of the
49:59lord Krishna. So miraabai a small girl
50:02she was very much attracted to these
50:04things and she started like she started
50:07crying in front of her grandfather whose
50:08name was dud gi that I want this idol at
50:11any cost. Okay. So dud gi he requested
50:15particularly uh the saint that please
50:17give this idol. I'll give you another
50:19idol on this on this behalf. So finally
50:22he accepted and he gave the idol to
50:25whom? Miraabai. And Mirabay right from
50:27the birth she started worshiping Lord
50:29Krishna. Like she used to like offer
50:32Lord what we say beautiful ornaments to
50:34Lord Krishna, beautiful dresses to him,
50:36good prashadam to Lord Krishna. Now on
50:38like at that time what happened
50:40matrimonal alliances was one of the
50:42policies where one can strengthen his
50:44position. So speci specifically she
50:47belonged to the region of Mira and the
50:50other kingdom was Jodapur. Now they did
50:53not had good relations at that time the
50:55kingdom of Mira and Jodapur. These are
50:57the kingdoms of the Rajasthan and at
50:59that time there was growing influence of
51:01the Mughal emperor Akbar. Now they had
51:04to counter Akbar and as I've told you
51:06matrimonal alliances is one of the best
51:08policies to save oneself. We have seen
51:11many examples in ancient India. So what
51:13happened? The ruler of Mira particularly
51:16he decided to he decides to marry
51:18Miraabai to one of the rulers named as
51:21Bhuj Raj. I'll give you a small example.
51:23The ruler was Maharaja Sangaram Singh
51:26and Maharaja Sanram Singh he had many
51:29sons like he had four sons. One of the
51:31son was Raja Bhj. One was specifically
51:35Raja Bhjra Ud Singh. So there were like
51:37four sons. So what happened? Miraabai
51:41was married to Raja Bhj and Mira she
51:44said to Raja Bhraj on the very first day
51:46itself I'm already married to Lord
51:48Krishna. So initially he did not take
51:50him seriously but later on it is
51:52believed that like he started observing
51:54one thing that she's so entrenched into
51:56bacti of Lord Krishna that she is hardly
51:58paying attention to him or his in-laws.
52:02After some time Raja Bharaj passed away
52:05but still what we say Miraabai she was
52:07involved in bi of whom Lord Krishna. Now
52:11Bharaj's sister whose name was Udabay
52:16she made a plan many times to kill
52:19Miraabai but all the plans were
52:21unsuccessful
52:23like what we say snake was sent a cobra
52:25was sent in a basket but it got
52:27converted into a diamond uh necklace.
52:30She was like uh she like it is believed
52:32that she was given a poison to be
52:34consumed saying that it's a holy nectar
52:37but she she didn't die at that time. So
52:40after some time she was being discarded
52:42by the family of the uh Raja what we
52:45say. Now she goes back to Mira but in
52:48Mira she's also not accepted. Finally
52:50she moves to Vindavan and from Vindaw
52:53she moves to Duara and she preaches the
52:56love of Radha and Krishna. So
52:58particularly the important verses of
53:01Miraabai is Padawali and majority of the
53:04verses of Miraabai G is in Braj Bhasha
53:08or Braj language particularly spoken in
53:11certain parts of Rajasthan and major
53:13parts of western UP particularly Matura
53:15and Vindawan.
53:17So this is about Miraabai. She was
53:19disciple of whom? Ryaz G or Ravidas G. A
53:22while back we have seen about this. So
53:24please note down fast Mirabay
53:34Miraabai Abhi Saint from the region of
53:37Rajasthan.
53:41Compilation of the verses of Miraabai
53:43are referred as Padawali.
53:52spread the bacti of Radha and Krishna
53:54particularly in western UP and major
53:57parts of Rajasthan
54:02major parts of Rajasthan.
54:05Okay
54:08Tulsias G. Now my question is who wrote
54:11Ramayan?
54:14Yes guys my question to you is who wrote
54:17Ramayan?
54:21Yes.
54:31Is it Tulsa G? Yes.
54:37My friends, Ramayan was written by
54:40Maharshi Walamiki G and Ramcharit Manas.
54:45It was being written by Tulsi Daz G.
54:48Okay. Tulsi Daz G. If you read about the
54:52story of Tulsi GI like he has written
54:54Hanuman Chalisa you might have heard
54:55about this he has written Hanuman Ashtak
54:58he has written Ramcharit Manas okay so
55:01particularly if you read about Tulsias
55:03you'll come to know about one thing
55:06majority of the works of Tulsias G are
55:08in aadhi language
55:11first thing and Tulsias gi by many
55:14legendary stories by many mythological
55:16stories he is referred as a cursed child
55:19I'll give you a small example temple at
55:21the time of the birth of Tulsi Daz G his
55:25mother passed away and his father Atma
55:28Atmaram Dubet discarded this small
55:31child. So the lady who was delivering
55:34his mother okay she took this child and
55:37in fact it is believed that the lady's
55:39husband particularly he got angry that
55:42if his father has discarded and if the
55:44astrologer has said that he's a cursed
55:46child why did you accept this child? Now
55:49this lady said that I could not see the
55:51pain of this child. A small child of 2
55:53to 3 days 5 days. So specifically it is
55:56believed that when Tulsi G he became of
55:5910 years of age like this lady was being
56:01bitten by a snake and she died. The
56:04lady's husband what did he do? He put
56:06what? Like he thrown Tulsi Gi out of his
56:09home. Now Tulsi Daz gi was sitting under
56:11a tree and he was hungry and another
56:13lady saw him who could not see the pain
56:16that is born by Tulsi GI. So she offered
56:19him certain rice, milk. She offered him
56:21certain milk and rice.
56:24Another lady she said that don't you
56:26know he's a cursed child. Now he this
56:28person he got very angry. He goes to a
56:29temple and says that from now onwards I
56:32won't be begging from anyone. I'll just
56:34ask from the lord. A saint was seeing
56:36him and asked him what's your name? He
56:38said I don't know my name. So he said do
56:40you know the name of Lord Ram? He said
56:42no from now onwards you should chant the
56:44name of Lord Ram. And so he continuously
56:46used to chant Ram Ram Ram and so on.
56:49Hence his name became Ram Bola.
56:53Now after that after some time Tulsias G
56:56was taken to Banaras to get him higher
56:58education particularly in Vedas, Puranas
57:01and so on. After getting higher
57:03education he became one of the best
57:05orators of Ramayan and Ram Charitmanas
57:07at that time. So he was married to one
57:10of the daughters of Dean Bandhu Patak.
57:12Okay. Like after marriage it is believed
57:15that although being a good irector he
57:16could not focus more on the work because
57:18he was more involved with with his wife.
57:20Now one fine day he was in another
57:23villages he was in another village doing
57:25kata of lord Ram. Now what happened
57:28particularly his wife wrote a letter
57:30that due to holi I have to visit my
57:33place and I would be coming back within
57:362 days. So please do not worry. Tulias
57:39gi comes here to his home and he sees
57:41the letter. It is believed that it was
57:44like it was raining heavily. The river
57:46was overflooded and he could not find
57:48the boat on the banks of the river. He
57:51saw a dead body floating. He sat on the
57:53dead body and crossed the river.
57:56Finally, he reached his wife's home and
57:58it is believed that he climbed the home
58:00with the help of a branch. Many believe
58:02that or many believe that with the help
58:04of a snake. And when he met his wife,
58:06his wife got annoyed and said how much
58:08attention you are giving to me. It's
58:10better you paid same attention into your
58:12bacti in the worship of Lord Ram.
58:15Probably you will get the version of
58:17Lord Ram. Finally he renounces
58:19everything and he became a st devotey of
58:22Lord Ram and his major composition
58:24includes Ramcharit Manas which is
58:27divided into seven parts also referred
58:29as seven Kand you might have heard about
58:31this Aruna, Lankaand, Balakand, Sundar
58:34Kand and so on. Okay. And it is
58:37particularly written in Avadhi language.
58:41Okay. He has also written Hanuman
58:42Chalisa. He has written Hanuman Ashtak.
58:45Other important works are Vinatrika,
58:48Kavita, Gita, Parvati Mangal. This is
58:51not Sanki Mangal. This is Saki Mangal.
58:54Okay. So please note down fast about
58:57Tulsi Das G
59:00past.
59:09Tulsi G.
59:16His major works include Ram Charit Manus
59:19written in Aadhi language.
59:22Ramch Charit Manas written in Aadhi
59:24language.
59:27Vineatria,
59:31Gita,
59:34Kavita,
59:38Parvati Mangal,
59:42Saki Mangal.
59:45So these are the important works of
59:47Tulsias G. Suras I'll tell you one
59:50thing, Suras, he was a blind scholar at
59:52that time. Simple words, he was a
59:54visually challenged person. Okay. And he
59:57was a devotey of Lord what we say
59:59Krishna and goddess Radha. And his works
1:00:02include Suraga Sahityat and Surawali.
1:00:06Okay. Majority of his verses are
1:00:08particularly in Braj Bhasha as I've told
1:00:10you which is famous in certain parts of
1:00:12Rajasthan and around the region of
1:00:14Matura and Vindavan. So Suras G his
1:00:17compilations include Suraga, Saitarat
1:00:19and Suravali. Shankar Dave he was a
1:00:21famous bacti saint particularly from the
1:00:23region of Assam and he popularized the
1:00:26bacti of what we say Lord Krishna and
1:00:28Radha particularly in the region of Kam
1:00:31or Assam. So that was about shankar dev
1:00:34g nabhadas he wrote bhtamal okay and
1:00:40another important as I've told you
1:00:41naring ma he coined the term what he
1:00:44coined the term harijan which was later
1:00:47on being used by whom Mahatma Gandhi as
1:00:49a part of harijan seak s it simply means
1:00:52harijan basically means what
1:00:54specifically people of hurry getting the
1:00:58points clear so he popularized the
1:01:00version of cult particularly in the
1:01:01region of Gujarat. Then comes Maiti Kavi
1:01:05Kokil whose name was Vidyapati. So
1:01:08Vidyapati he is referred as Maiti Kavi
1:01:10Kokil. A bi saint particularly from the
1:01:13region of Bihar. His important works
1:01:16include
1:01:18Bhu Parikma then Dan Vakyavali. I repeat
1:01:22Bhu paricramma and Danvakyavali.
1:01:24So please remember them. Questions could
1:01:27be asked here. What are the important
1:01:30works of Vidyapati? brought out the
1:01:32important works of Tulsi das gi, suras
1:01:34gi, miraabai g, nursing ma and so on.
1:01:37Okay.
1:01:39Akenat G. Now particularly these are the
1:01:42bi saints particularly from the region
1:01:44of Maharashtra. So Akenat G a bacti
1:01:47saint from the region of Maharashtra.
1:01:49Ram Daz G one of the gurus one of the
1:01:52gurus I'm saying you of Chhatrapati
1:01:54Shivaji Maharaj GI and Ramdaz Gi has
1:01:56written a book called as Das Bodh. So
1:01:59please remember Das Bodha. Das Bodh was
1:02:02written by it was a book written by Ram
1:02:05Daz G a bi saint particularly from the
1:02:09region of Maharashtra and he was one of
1:02:12the political gurus. I'm saying one of
1:02:15the political okay not only the one so
1:02:18he was one of the political gurus of
1:02:20whom? Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj G. So
1:02:23this is majorly about Ramdas G
1:02:27Naneshwar another important bacti saint
1:02:29particularly from the region of
1:02:31Maharashtra and he wrote commentaries on
1:02:34Bhagwat Gita which is referred as
1:02:36Naneshwari.
1:02:38Okay. Then Purand Das he hailed from the
1:02:41region of Karnataka. So this is majorly
1:02:44about the bacti saints. One more bacti
1:02:47saint you can note down
1:02:50Lalid
1:02:52or Laleshwari.
1:02:55She was a 14th century bhti saint
1:02:58particularly worshipper of lord Shiva
1:03:00from the region of Kashmir and the
1:03:02compilation of the verses of lalade or
1:03:05lleshwari is also referred as vak.
1:03:11I repeat the compilation is also
1:03:13referred as vak. So please note them
1:03:15down important from the perspective of
1:03:18examination.
1:03:19Okay. So guys this is majorly about the
1:03:23bacti movement. Hope you understood
1:03:26sufism that we have seen yesterday. We
1:03:29have seen that in quite depth and detail
1:03:31and here also we have thrown light
1:03:33particularly on the bi movement and I
1:03:35have tried to cover the major bacti
1:03:37reformers or saints at that time. Okay.
1:03:40So guys those who are targeting 2026
1:03:46next year's examination particularly
1:03:48prelims examination is on 24th of May
1:03:52and as I've told you previously many a
1:03:55times the real magician is time and time
1:03:58flies like anything okay time and money
1:04:02knows only one language save me today
1:04:05I'll save you tomorrow
1:04:07so you have very little time
1:04:08particularly for the next year
1:04:10particularly who are appearing for the
1:04:11next year because you have multiple
1:04:14subjects to go through in that case like
1:04:18many many times question arises I'll
1:04:20speak very frankly to you guys sir is it
1:04:23necessary that we join something so that
1:04:26particularly we can have a good uh what
1:04:29we say direction to our studies or
1:04:32should we go for a self-study
1:04:34I'll give you a very simple advice in
1:04:36that case it depends completely up to
1:04:38you but one thing I'll tell
1:04:41When you are associated with somebody a
1:04:43mentor in that case what happens you try
1:04:46and save your time because he will give
1:04:48you the direction what needs to be read
1:04:49what not what we say what things can you
1:04:52avoid
1:04:54so in that case you save time and as as
1:04:57I've told you time time is a real
1:04:58magician so here those who are appearing
1:05:01for 2026
1:05:03okay you have a prelims examination on
1:05:0524th of May multiple subjects to cover
1:05:08you have an optional to hour correct so
1:05:12resolution batch particularly it's a GS
1:05:14batch P2I prelims to interview where you
1:05:18can save your time first thing you would
1:05:20be guided by the best mentors you would
1:05:23be taught by the best teachers
1:05:24particularly and the batches are
1:05:27completely in English language there's a
1:05:29separate batch for English language
1:05:32this will actually cater to the needs of
1:05:34the students or the aspirants
1:05:35particularly from southern part of India
1:05:37northeastern India because on YouTube.
1:05:40Although ample of material is available
1:05:41particularly concerning every subject
1:05:44but the major obstacle or the major
1:05:46hindrance here is lack of resources
1:05:49proper mentoring in core English
1:05:52language
1:05:54and study IQ English has solved this
1:05:57problem of the aspirants prices are at
1:06:00very affordable price 9 and to get the
1:06:04benefits particularly you can use my
1:06:06code alloc that is flashing on your
1:06:09screen. If you have any query concerning
1:06:12like when the course will start, how
1:06:14much time will it take to complete the
1:06:16course, what to read, should we read the
1:06:18NCERTs or not, what is what we say uh
1:06:21how specifically essay writing plays a
1:06:23very major role. If you have any doubt,
1:06:25you can call on the number that is
1:06:27flashing on your screen. Okay? And you
1:06:29can also use the code that is flashing
1:06:31on your screen that is Aloc live. Okay
1:06:34guys, with this I'll stop my today's
1:06:36session. Thank you and have a wonderful
1:06:38day. Bye-bye.

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