cliff lampe 03 — Transcript

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1. 0:00one of the pieces of misinformation we
2. 0:01see on social media that has a lot of
3. 0:03people worried
4. 0:04is the deep fake these are videos that
5. 0:06you may have seen
6. 0:07where it's a video of a high status
7. 0:09politician or somebody like that
8. 0:11that's mapped over the face of another
9. 0:13person speaking
10. 0:14and it looks like the person is saying
11. 0:16things they wouldn't normally say
12. 0:18now a deep fake is a very heavily
13. 0:21computational method
14. 0:22by which we map points on a person's
15. 0:24face and then we use that map
16. 0:26to then take a video from some other
17. 0:30source and match the two videos up so
18. 0:32what would happen for instance is if i
19. 0:34did a good impression for instance of
20. 0:35say
21. 0:36former president obama i could speak in
22. 0:38his voice and you could use the
23. 0:40algorithm to match his face on top of
24. 0:42mine
25. 0:43and make it look like i was speaking in
26. 0:45terms of what he
27. 0:46and saying things that he wouldn't
28. 0:47normally say the beauty of this
29. 0:50algorithm is that it pushes the limits
30. 0:52of what we understand about artificial
31. 0:53intelligence
32. 0:54the downsides are pretty obvious right
33. 0:56it shows for instance that
34. 0:58it's really easy to fake video and you
35. 1:00don't have to fake a lot of video
36. 1:01if you just get somebody to change a
37. 1:03word in the middle of what they're
38. 1:04saying it can really create
39. 1:06misinformation
40. 1:07and harm our strong good information
41. 1:10environment that we would like to have
42. 1:12another aspect of faked video that i
43. 1:14think is important to understand though
44. 1:15is the cheap fake as opposed to the deep
45. 1:17fake
46. 1:18all video is able to be manipulated the
47. 1:21cheap fake is where you don't use that
48. 1:23high-end
49. 1:24artificial intelligence system to fake a
50. 1:26video you just use
51. 1:27low end common editing tools that almost
52. 1:30any high schooler would have on their
53. 1:32laptop
54. 1:33so here is what you do is you would slow
55. 1:35down
56. 1:36the rate of speech of somebody
57. 1:38especially somebody like me is standing
58. 1:40at a podium and talking and is
59. 1:42relatively still
60. 1:43it would be very easy to slow down the
61. 1:45audio without it making it look like
62. 1:47my movements had slowed down a lot and
63. 1:49make my speech sound slurred and
64. 1:50possibly drunk
65. 1:52we've seen this a lot in political uh
66. 1:54advertising and political kind of
67. 1:55attacks
68. 1:56where you slow down video by 30 50
69. 2:00and the person saying something now
70. 2:01sounds like they're either
71. 2:03drunk or erratic in some other way
72. 2:05another thing of course that's very
73. 2:06possible to do is to splice
74. 2:08video and cut out key parts of what a
75. 2:10person has said
76. 2:11depending on where you start a video
77. 2:13where you stop a video all these are
78. 2:14really strong editorial decisions
79. 2:16so taking video out of context
80. 2:18reassembling it in different ways
81. 2:20so that you have a person for instance
82. 2:21who says a statement
83. 2:23says a whole bunch of other things then
84. 2:25says another statement you remove the
85. 2:26middle part
86. 2:27put the other two together and it now
87. 2:29looks like those two things were
88. 2:30associated
89. 2:31it's very easy to edit video and it
90. 2:33always has been for people who are bad
91. 2:35actors
92. 2:36to be manipulated the thing that's
93. 2:38changed when it comes to cheap fakes and
94. 2:39deep fakes is our ability to share them
95. 2:41easily across the network
96. 2:43because i can take a video that i found
97. 2:45and share it with my entire network and
98. 2:47then
99. 2:47some percentage of my network and share
100. 2:48it with their networks it becomes viral
101. 2:51very quickly
102. 2:51and it's really hard to police and stop
103. 2:54these videos when they occur
104. 2:55so that's what deep fakes are there
105. 2:57they're algorithmically driven
106. 2:59video fakes that have existed since the
107. 3:01beginning of kind of video media in
108. 3:02political narrative they're designed to
109. 3:04misdirect they're designed to manipulate
110. 3:06and to create an emotional response
111. 3:09and they're backed up by these cheap
112. 3:11fakes which are really
113. 3:12easily manipulated video techniques that
114. 3:15almost any high school student would
115. 3:16have right now
116. 3:17that allow a person to edit video slow
117. 3:20it down
118. 3:20change it in some way to create a false
119. 3:22narrative about what was originally in
120. 3:24the video