Chemistry Lecture 9 For General Chemistry and InOrganic Chemistry — Transcript

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1. 0:02Ano to? May nag-PM sa akin. Ayan. Okay.
2. 0:06Okay. Class uh chapter 9. Calculations
3. 0:10from chemical equation. Okay. Now, uh
4. 0:15why is there a need for us to do
5. 0:18calculations no uh with chemistry? No so
6. 0:24one reason na sinasabi sa atin is
7. 0:27accurate measurement and dosage
8. 0:29calculations
9. 0:31are critical in dispensing medicines to
10. 0:34patients all over the world. Okay. Um,
11. 0:39in your profession, no.
12. 0:41So since you guys are BS psychology no
13. 0:46um
14. 0:48yun bang profession ninyo were you tawag
15. 0:52dito um
16. 0:54given the chance to go to
17. 0:57mental facilities may ganon ba
18. 1:03to to visit no mental facilities ba now
19. 1:07mental illnesses or mental ill no people
20. 1:11no mga may sakit sa pag-iisip no ah
21. 1:15tinitignan sila ng psychiatrist then
22. 1:18this psychiatrist if I'm not mistaken
23. 1:20they would um
24. 1:24provide no medication
25. 1:27ayun no tama ba ganun ba yun kasi medyo
26. 1:32confusing no teka oh 'di ba may may ano
27. 1:35meron tayong tinatawag na say
28. 1:40and then there's another psychiatrist.
29. 1:45Sige nga. Can you define to me ano bang
30. 1:48difference nila since you guys in
31. 1:52psychology field?
32. 1:58Sige nga para maano natin ma
33. 2:01ma-break natin yung ano yung definition
34. 2:03nila.
35. 2:19Mmm. Ayan si Miss ah David. Sige po. Go.
36. 2:25Ah sa pagkakaalam ko po 'yung um
37. 2:28psychologist
38. 2:31from professional po siya sa mental
39. 2:33health and mas ang priority niyang
40. 2:37pag-aralan is yung pagtulong sa
41. 2:41thoughts, emotion, behavior, is mental
42. 2:44processes ng mga tao. Tapos yung
43. 2:46psychiatrist po ah medical doctor na po
44. 2:49siya. um veterinarian po sir
45. 2:52>> kumbaga malawak na po 'yung umalaman
46. 2:57niya regarding sa mental health
47. 3:00ito na rin po yung mga nagda-diagnose
48. 3:03>> mm
49. 3:03>> ng sakit mo. Kunyari po may mga mental
50. 3:06illness na po.
51. 3:07>> Okay. Saya rin po yung parang
52. 3:08nagre-reseta.
53. 3:10Mm.
54. 3:12So basically ang isang psychologist
55. 3:15teka sige sige ganito. Ang psychiatrist
56. 3:18ay MD no? Medical doctor tama ba? Ayan o
57. 3:22sige. Si Miss ano si Miss Florano.
58. 3:26Ayan o. Isa pa. Pa-type si ano pa-type
59. 3:28po ng ano si Miss David.
60. 3:31Pa-chat naman ng word na recitation.
61. 3:35Ayan. O sige si Miss Florano po.
62. 3:39Sige po. Ayun nga po sir as mentioned
63. 3:42yung mga psychiatrist is medical doctors
64. 3:45po sila. So parang higher degree po yun
65. 3:47than a psychologist. And yung mga
66. 3:50psychiatrist po, sila po yung nag ah
67. 3:53rereseto or nag ah bibigay ng medication
68. 3:56for the patients. And yung psychologist
69. 3:59naman po more on talk therapy or yung
70. 4:01panggagamot po na ah sa kanila is
71. 4:04through therapy lang po sir. Yun po. Ah
72. 4:07okay. Allr all right. Tama no. Ayun. So
73. 4:11both deal no with uh mental illness.
74. 4:15However, magkaiba yata ang ano no ang
75. 4:17approach. Ayan.
76. 4:20Okay. Now, uh let's go with
77. 4:23psychiatrist. There's they're the one uh
78. 4:26providing medication, no? So, someday no
79. 4:29alam ko kayo kayo ay when you go to MD
80. 4:32no ah nagano kayo nag-med school, you
81. 4:35can become psychiatrist no. So uh
82. 4:39knowledge with accurate measurement no
83. 4:42correct dosage calculation
84. 4:45would be useful no ah alam niyo yung
85. 4:49moles alam niyo yung molarity no alam
86. 4:52niyo yung tamang amount no in terms of
87. 4:55grams milligrams and so on no so that
88. 4:58would be helpful no and how it would
89. 5:01interact with the biological system no
90. 5:04ganon okay ayan so in this particular ah
91. 5:08chapter no so maalik tayo. Puro ito
92. 5:11calculations no. Ayan
93. 5:14o. Ayan ang daming sagot nila oh.
94. 5:17Tumutulong sa pag-iisip, emosyon at
95. 5:19pag-uugali sa pamamagitan ng therapy. So
96. 5:22walang medication na ginagamit, no?
97. 5:25Ayun. Ang psychiatrist naman doktor na
98. 5:27maaaring magbigay ng gamot no. Ayun.
99. 5:31Actually
100. 5:33pag binasa mo yung ah tawag dito ah
101. 5:37gamot no na ginagamit for mentally ill
102. 5:41no people no
103. 5:44ayun um
104. 5:47complex yung kanyang ano component no
105. 5:51ayun yung sa structure yung sa
106. 5:54contraindication so hindi hindi talaga
107. 5:56pwedeng kahit sino ay magpe-prescribe
108. 5:58lang non should be someone really no
109. 6:02expert no ayun
110. 6:05okay sige move tayo yan so for this uh
111. 6:10chapter no outline so first we would
112. 6:13introduce no stoometry
113. 6:16ayan and then magco-compute po tayo ng
114. 6:19ano ng um mole to mole conversion no uh
115. 6:23in a chemical equation then mole to mass
116. 6:27calculations mass to
117. 6:30and then limiting reactance and yield
118. 6:32calculations, no? Yan. Okay.
119. 6:40Now, uh in this uh chapter no, we now
120. 6:44know how to calculate the molar mass, we
121. 6:47would be using the molar mass no more
122. 6:50often with this chapter. Also no, we
123. 6:55would be a utilizing Avogadros number to
124. 6:59calculate the following. Ito. Okay.
125. 7:06Teka labas ko lang lahat ng slides.
126. 7:09Ayan.
127. 7:12Okay. So
128. 7:15yan. Introduction to stochaometry.
129. 7:17equations must always
130. 7:20be balanced
131. 7:22before doing calculation of any mass
132. 7:26moles, volume of a reactant or product.
133. 7:31So bago daw po kayo mag-start no ng um
134. 7:36bago kayo mag-start ng um stoometric
135. 7:40calculation, you must first no make sure
136. 7:44that the equation is balance. Why no?
137. 7:48Kasi unbalance equation will lead to
138. 7:52incorrect calculation no ah in your
139. 7:56stoik no. Pwede kayong mamali. Ayan.
140. 8:00Now, stoometry is the area of chemistry
141. 8:02that deals with quantitative
142. 8:05relationship between products and
143. 8:08reactants
144. 8:10in chemical equations, no? Ayan.
145. 8:14So
146. 8:16okay so papaano ba ang stochaometry no?
147. 8:19For example class ah itong a this one is
148. 8:23uh let's say given no?
149. 8:27Then we wanted to know no cto yung
150. 8:32unknown natin.
151. 8:37Unknown. Ayan. Okay. Pwede ba natin
152. 8:41siyang malaman no? Yung ah using this
153. 8:44given, pwede bang malaman yung unknown,
154. 8:47no? Yan. So basically no ah with the
155. 8:51right condition or kung enough yyung
156. 8:55enough yyung ano given information
157. 8:58okay so we can determine the unknown no.
158. 9:02Ayan.
159. 9:04Okay, wait lang class. Kinukulit ako ng
160. 9:05pusa ko
161. 9:07ba yan? Okay. Ayan. So ganun po ano?
162. 9:12Okay. So solving stochary
163. 9:15problems always requires the use of
164. 9:19number one kailangan no balance
165. 9:22equation. Ganun pa rin no?
166. 9:25Okay. Then another is you would be using
167. 9:28conversion factors. Okay
168. 9:32ka? So one conversion factor no that uh
169. 9:38you would often use is what we call the
170. 9:40mole
171. 9:42ratio. Ano ba ibig sabihin ng mole
172. 9:45ratio? No yan. So between two species in
173. 9:50a chemical reaction plus ag sinabing
174. 9:52species ha um identity or compound for
175. 9:56example
176. 9:59so ito hydrogen gas oxygen gas
177. 10:04water. So you have three
178. 10:09species or three compound or three
179. 10:15identities, no? Okay. So meron kang
180. 10:18dalawang
181. 10:19reactants
182. 10:23and you have one
183. 10:26product, no?
184. 10:28Ayan. So ang sabi dito yung mole ratio
185. 10:32is between two species.
186. 10:35Sige nga. Okay.
187. 10:38What's the ratio no between
188. 10:41hydrogen, gas and oxygen? O
189. 10:46sige nga 'di ba?
190. 10:50Ayan 2 is 1. Ayan. Correct.
191. 10:53So ang sabi no, bakit 2 is1? Tama po si
192. 10:57Miss ano, Miss ah Talosig no. Bakit no?
193. 11:01Kasi ang sabi sa bawat dalawa na
194. 11:05hydrogen gas,
195. 11:07okay? Kailangan mo po ng isang oxygen
196. 11:13no para makapag-create ka ng water.
197. 11:17Ayun.
198. 11:19Gets po ba no? So kumbaga no ang isang
199. 11:25chemical equation kasi no is like
200. 11:30a recipe or an ingredient pattern no?
201. 11:33Ayan yan. So pwede mo siyang i-translate
202. 11:36ng ganon no? Ayan. So hence ito yung
203. 11:40iba't ibang mole ratio na pwede nating
204. 11:42makita dun sa chemical equation. Yan. So
205. 11:47pwedeng 2 moles H2 / 1 mole O2 yung
206. 11:52kabaliktaran niya is 1 mole O2 / 2 moles
207. 11:56H2 no yan. So ang isang conversion
208. 12:00factor again pwede mong isulat in
209. 12:02inverse or vice versa no ganon.
210. 12:08Ay wait lang class ha.
211. 12:38Ayan. Hello class. Okay.
212. 12:43Ayan sorry na ko lang yan. So in this uh
213. 12:48example we have six possible
214. 12:51mole ratio. No ayan so ito po yung ah
215. 12:56anim na posible no. 1 2 3 4 5 6 no? Yan.
216. 13:04saan nakuha yung mole ratio? Uh you
217. 13:07would just need to look no dun sa
218. 13:09equation no.
219. 13:14Ayan. So how do we use no mole ratio um
220. 13:20in calculation? So dito no look.
221. 13:24So there's 4 moles of oxygen
222. 13:28are present.
223. 13:32So how many moles of water could be
224. 13:34formed? No so ang sabi dito kung meron
225. 13:37daw po kayo nito na apat
226. 13:414 moles
227. 13:44no ilan po yung lalabas na water no? Ito
228. 13:48yung unknown natin. So ito yung given.
229. 13:52Then we use mole
230. 13:55ratio. So ito iyung mole ratio between
231. 13:58water and oxygen no? Okay? So ang sa ang
232. 14:03mole ratio kasi natin is 2 1 or 1 no?
233. 14:11So using this mole ratio,
234. 14:14we calculated that we would be having 8
235. 14:18water molecule.
236. 14:22Okay.
237. 14:24Ayan.
238. 14:30Okay.
239. 14:33Ayan. So
240. 14:36okay sige nga practice pa tayo. Ayan. So
241. 14:39given the following uh balance equation,
242. 14:41write the mole ratio needed to
243. 14:43calculate. No'no yan the moles of H2
244. 14:46produce from 3 moles of carbon dioxide.
245. 14:51Okay? So dito no yan. So another example
246. 14:55ito.
247. 14:57Okay? So ang sabi you were given 3 moles
248. 14:59of carbon dioxide. O daw tatlo daw nito.
249. 15:04Ayan. Now um how many water no? So again
250. 15:09we use mole ratio between carbon dioxide
251. 15:14and water no
252. 15:19yan desired quantity is in the numerator
253. 15:24of the mole ratio
254. 15:26known quantity.
255. 15:28Okay. Yung known quantity naman daw in
256. 15:30the denominator, no?
257. 15:33Um, bakit kailangan nating piliin na
258. 15:36nasa denominator yung known quantity?
259. 15:38Oo, no? So that they would cancel, no?
260. 15:43Ayan.
261. 15:48Ayan.
262. 15:53Okay.
263. 15:59Okay.
264. 16:06Class ayan. So
265. 16:10ayan. Given the following balance
266. 16:12equation,
267. 16:16what is the mole ratio needed to
268. 16:18calculate the following okay of KCL
269. 16:22produced when 4.5 moles of O2 are
270. 16:25formed, no? So, okay. What is the mole
271. 16:28ratio needed no to calculate the
272. 16:30following? Ayan na. So ito yung mga
273. 16:33choices natin. Ayan. So
274. 16:37anong mole ratio ba ang tama? No, tingan
275. 16:39niyo class yung equation. Yan.
276. 16:45So ito yung mga choices natin. Lagyan ko
277. 16:48ng letter A, B, C, D. No yan. So alin
278. 16:55yung tamang ah mole ratio. Now,
279. 16:59tignan niyo 'yung B, 'yung B no. Ang
280. 17:01nakalagay diyan 3 moles.
281. 17:04Eh dito naman kasi 2 lang no yung
282. 17:07nakalagay
283. 17:08no. So therefore no eliminated na onong
284. 17:11choice na to. Yan same goes with this
285. 17:15one kasi 3D yung nilagay niya na moles
286. 17:18ng KCL.
287. 17:20Yan cancel na rin.
288. 17:23So
289. 17:25okay the only choice that you have no
290. 17:28since KCL and O2 no yung ah pinapahanap
291. 17:33sa inyo no since ang given mo ay oxygen
292. 17:37dapat ang yung moles ng oxygen sa mole
293. 17:39ratio is nasa baba no? So the correct
294. 17:43answer should be this one. Ito no?
295. 17:48Ayan. So, okay. So, letter A po yung
296. 17:52sagot. Then if we compute, if we use
297. 17:54letter A, no, for computation, ito yyung
298. 17:57mole ratio. So you have 4.5
299. 18:01no moles of O2
300. 18:04multiply with this mole ratio.
301. 18:05Magka-cancel po yyung moles O2. Moles
302. 18:08O2. Ang maiiwan po is moles KCl. No?
303. 18:13Ayan.
304. 18:15So, mole ratio no.
305. 18:18Class na sundan ba? May questions ba
306. 18:20kayo? Paano kunin ang mole ratio?
307. 18:29Hala. [tawanan]
308. 18:32O sige ha. Ayan.
309. 18:36Yan. So ito iyung um
310. 18:38tawag dito okay steps no on how to
311. 18:42calculate using mole ratio. No ayan
312. 18:45nakalagay diyan.
313. 18:48Okay
314. 18:50ayan. Now, why is there a need for us to
315. 18:54know the mole ratio? No, uh basically si
316. 18:57mole ratio yung magtatawid sa atin from
317. 19:01okay the known
318. 19:05uh compounds no to the desired or the
319. 19:10unknown compounds no iyung unknown yung
320. 19:14amount. So basically no from known
321. 19:19to
322. 19:20unknown no yan. So siya yung magtatawid
323. 19:24kasi sa atin no. So without knowledge of
324. 19:27mole ratio, it would be difficult for us
325. 19:29to um
326. 19:32determine no the desire. Okay?
327. 19:36Ayan. Okay. So you would notice also no
328. 19:40uh we can also start from grams. We can
329. 19:44start from atoms or molecules
330. 19:47no going to moles and then from moles
331. 19:50patawid sa kabila no ng
332. 19:53desard no moles. And then can can be
333. 19:56converted to grams and
334. 20:00avocadros yung atoms and molecules.
335. 20:04Yan.
336. 20:07Okay. So mole mole to mole calculation
337. 20:11yan. Okay.
338. 20:16So in this example how many moles of
339. 20:19carbon dioxide will be produced
340. 20:23by reaction of 2 moles of glucose given
341. 20:26the following balance equation. Ito daw
342. 20:27yung balance na equation.
343. 20:32Ayan. So what they wanted is to convert
344. 20:37no is to to look for
345. 20:40ayan carbon dioxide amount. So you would
346. 20:44notice in this equation yung naka-box na
347. 20:47red. Okay?
348. 20:50For every one glucose
349. 20:53we produce six
350. 20:56carbon dioxide.
351. 20:58So ito yung kanyang mole
352. 21:01ratio no doon siya galing. Okay?
353. 21:06And then in the problem ang sabi you
354. 21:08have 2 moles of glucose.
355. 21:17Ayan. So if we use this
356. 21:24okay um mole ratio
357. 21:28yan so we we we can now compute that
358. 21:30there's 12 mole of carbon dioxide no
359. 21:35ayan
360. 21:42okay sige nga it how do we calculate
361. 21:46thisan
362. 21:48So sige without looking do sa ano ha
363. 21:50kasunod na slide ha. Okay.
364. 21:54So when
365. 21:56no mole of oxygen reacts
366. 21:59okay
367. 22:01the following balance equation how many
368. 22:04water daw? So ang pinapahanap sa atin is
369. 22:08ito. How many water? Kung ang meron po
370. 22:10kayo ay
371. 22:12no itong oxygen na 0.01 01 mole no?
372. 22:17Ayan.
373. 22:19Okay. So basically ah ang gagawin natin
374. 22:23is yung mole ng oxygen
375. 22:27we would use this to calculate the mole
376. 22:30of water.
377. 22:32Then eventually we would be using
378. 22:34Avogadros
379. 22:37number to get number of molecules. So
380. 22:40ang magiging working equation natin
381. 22:42would be like this one no'.
382. 22:45Yan. So 0
383. 22:50mole
384. 22:52O2.
385. 22:55Okay. Tapos ang mole ratio natin is um 2
386. 23:00moles
387. 23:02H2O
388. 23:04over 1 mole
389. 23:07O2. No?
390. 23:10Ayan. Ito 'yung magiging ano natin um
391. 23:13mole ratio.
392. 23:16Yan. So 2 moles
393. 23:20H2O
394. 23:231 mole
395. 23:25O2
396. 23:27and then no we have to add Avogadros no.
397. 23:32So,
398. 23:34okay. Imu-multiply pa natin siya sa 6
399. 23:37point
400. 23:3902 * 10 23
401. 23:45molecules.
402. 23:47Okay. Over
403. 23:511 mole
404. 23:55H2O. No yan.
405. 23:58Okay. Then uh looking in this uh
406. 24:03equation no so pwedeng ma-cancel
407. 24:07yung moles O2, moles O2,
408. 24:11moles water and then moles water. So you
409. 24:15would be left with the unit
410. 24:18molecules. Okay? Kasi yun yung
411. 24:20pinapahanap sa atin no? H2O molecules.
412. 24:26Ah sige nga class. You have your
413. 24:27answers. Try nga.
414. 24:30O, anong sagot niyo? B. Sige.
415. 24:34Ayan. O sige check natin ha. Ang tama.
416. 24:38Ayan.
417. 24:39O ayan no. So ang sagot natin ay Do.
418. 24:44Ayan.
419. 24:45So ganun lang no? Ah class tandaan niyo
420. 24:48parati ah
421. 24:51no. Dapat ah alam niyo papaano tumingin
422. 24:54sa equation.
423. 24:56Okay? Kasi anong information ang pwede
424. 24:59mong makuha sa chem sa balance na
425. 25:02equation? Ano yung pwede mong makuha? So
426. 25:05from this equation kasi pwede mong
427. 25:07ma-extract yung kanyang mole
428. 25:11ratio no? And mole ratio is really
429. 25:15important no in stoy geometry no.
430. 25:21Ano pa eh? Paano makukuha yung mole
431. 25:24ratio? Dapat balance ang equation, no?
432. 25:27So kailangan mo rin i-inspect. Tingnan
433. 25:28mo muna kung balance yung equation. Baka
434. 25:30naman ah
435. 25:33yung problem is playing tricks on you,
436. 25:35no? Baka mamaya hindi pala balance yung
437. 25:38equation tapos ginamit mo siya, no?
438. 25:39Mahirap yun. Okay?
439. 25:45Ayan. Okay. Another example, no?
440. 25:49Ayan. So how many moles of aluminum are
441. 25:52produced when5
442. 25:54moles of oxygen reacts? Noan. So again
443. 26:01ang given mo is moles of oxygen.
444. 26:05Yan. So ano bang mole ratio nila? O
445. 26:07kahit na lang. Bigyan niyo ako ng mole
446. 26:09ratio. Itong dalawa type niyo nga mol
447. 26:12ratio.
448. 26:14O what's the mole ratio?
449. 26:23Mm.
450. 26:3143. [tawanan]
451. 26:34Pakiayos ng type. Ganito na lang ha.
452. 26:35Paki-type po ng ganito. 4 mole.
453. 26:40Ayan
454. 26:42al over yan okay
455. 26:46ayan ito to po to sige na nga yan
456. 26:49pakiayos ng type ha mamaya
457. 26:58ayan ganun ha mm okay
458. 27:04oh ayun po 'yung kanyang ano kanyang ah
459. 27:07mole ratio no. So dapat ganito daw po. 4
460. 27:11moles
461. 27:13Al
462. 27:153 moles
463. 27:18O2. Ah teka sa mga nagtatanong saan
464. 27:23nakuha ang four? Baka naguguluhan pa.
465. 27:27Ayun. Saan po nakuha ang three?
466. 27:32Ayun. Kita
467. 27:35class. Huwag kayong maguluhan ha. Dito
468. 27:37lang. Tingin kayo sa equation ha. Doon
469. 27:39niyo makukuha ang mole ratio. Okay?
470. 27:44Maliwanag po? Okay. Ngayon o sige alam
471. 27:48na natin ang mole ratio. Ano ang sagot?
472. 27:50[tawanan]
473. 27:52Ayan. Ano ang tamang sagot? Oh, sinong
474. 27:54nauna?
475. 27:56Si Miss Ayan Julie no Mendoza tsaka si
476. 28:00ano
477. 28:03Hil ba yan? Paano ba banggitin yan? Hael
478. 28:06Osalia. Ayan Eloisa.
479. 28:10Ayan at saka si yan Angeline. Okay.
480. 28:14Ayan. Sige. Ah answer natin is B. No?
481. 28:19Bakit? No? So tama 'yung ginamit kasi
482. 28:21nating mole ratio ito. No'no. So we now
483. 28:24proceed with this answers. Okay?
484. 28:31Ayan.
485. 29:08Ay okay class. Sorry yung pusa ko kasi
486. 29:11kulit.
487. 29:13Hay.
488. 29:16Okay.
489. 29:20[tawanan]
490. 29:22Okay. Sorry. Sorry class. Nadi-distract
491. 29:24ako doun sa pusa ha.
492. 29:27Kailangan kasi humihingi kasi ng
493. 29:28pagkain.
494. 29:30Ayan.
495. 29:31Ayan.
496. 29:33Okay. So kanina no mole to mole ah
497. 29:38posible ba na mole to mass no? Um
498. 29:43aalamin natin yung number ng moles t's
499. 29:45aalamin natin yung mass no. Ayan.
500. 29:48So ito yung example natin. Ayan. So sabi
501. 29:51dito what's the mass of hydrogen gas?
502. 29:56Ayan. If you have 6 moles of aluminum
503. 30:00that reacts with
504. 30:03hydrochloric acid HCl. Ayan.
505. 30:07So you have 6 moles of this yan. So ito
506. 30:12yung given
507. 30:14yan 6 moles. Ginamitan ng mole ratio. Ah
508. 30:18this one is mole
509. 30:22ratio.
510. 30:24And then okay anong identity to no? This
511. 30:28one is molar mass
512. 30:35of
513. 30:37H2 no. So ang ending no we produced 18
514. 30:43grams
515. 30:45H2 no? So teka ah ilang conversion
516. 30:49factor ang ginamit natin no? So gumamit
517. 30:52tayo ng dalawa no? Ayan first is mole
518. 30:57ratio. The other is molar mass of H2.
519. 31:02Ayan
520. 31:05sa nakuha ang molar mass ng H2.
521. 31:08What tool did you use to get it? The
522. 31:11molar mass of H2.
523. 31:14Saan po nakuha
524. 31:17yun? Correct. Bilis no? Correct po. Siya
525. 31:21ay nakuha sa periodic
526. 31:27table no? Doon po natin siya nakuha.
527. 31:30Okay. Ayan.
528. 31:35So kaya po sa exam ninyo ay required po
529. 31:39ang periodic table. Okay? Maliwanag po.
530. 31:44Ayan. Ayan po.
531. 31:49Okay. Ito naman no. Ayan. So another
532. 31:52example. How many moles of water are
533. 31:54produced when 325 gr of octane are
534. 31:57burned? No so nagsunog daw kayo ng 325
535. 32:01gr of octane. Teka. ni-reveal niya na
536. 32:04agad eh. Okay. So,
537. 32:10okay. Ito yung number ng water na
538. 32:11nakuha. Ito yung ah 325 gr of octane.
539. 32:18So ang ginawa class ah kinuha muna yung
540. 32:21moles no.
541. 32:23Okay. So ito ay grams. Para makuha 'yung
542. 32:25moles, gumamit siya ng molar mass.
543. 32:32Okay? Tapos ginamit niya yung
544. 32:36mole
545. 32:39ratio no?
546. 32:41Ratio. Ayan.
547. 32:45Okay. So class uh ag mole ratio kasi
548. 32:49mole
549. 32:53okay getting another mole. Hindi pwede
550. 32:57na grams
551. 32:59tapos mole. Tapos in the middle no hindi
552. 33:03pwede to. Especially if you're using
553. 33:06mole
554. 33:08ratio.
555. 33:10So yun yung reason kung bakit yung grams
556. 33:13kinonvert muna natin into mole before we
557. 33:17use mole ratio. Okay? To get the final
558. 33:22answer. Maliwanag po no? So hindi ka
559. 33:25pwede mag diretso from grams to mole
560. 33:29using mole ratio. No. So ang ginamit
561. 33:32muna yung grams ginamitan muna ng molar
562. 33:35mass no to convert it to moles and then
563. 33:39ah yung moles ginamit no to get the
564. 33:43counterpart using mole ratio no ganun
565. 33:46lang.
566. 33:49Okay?
567. 33:50Ayan.
568. 33:52O sige nga.
569. 33:54O without looking ha. O try natin to.
570. 33:59How many
571. 34:01silver nitrate are needed to produce
572. 34:0625 moles of
573. 34:08silver sulphide? Ayan. So ano munang
574. 34:12mole ratio natin? Sige sa chat muna. Mo
575. 34:15ratio.
576. 34:19What would be the mole ratio?
577. 34:50Okay, meron na. May nakasagot na ng mole
578. 34:53ratio natin. Ayun. Okay. So ang sabi ang
579. 34:57mole ratio natin is 2
580. 35:00AgNO3
581. 35:02over 1 mole of Ags. No
582. 35:11yan. Okay. So
583. 35:16check natin kung gagana.
584. 35:18So ang given natin is
585. 35:2125 mole
586. 35:262 s.
587. 35:29Okay. Multiplied with its mole ratio no?
588. 35:34Yan.
589. 35:37So ang desired kasi natin is silver
590. 35:39nitrate
591. 35:41no?
592. 35:44Okay.
593. 35:47Okay. So 2 moles
594. 35:51Ag
595. 35:54no3
596. 35:581 mole
597. 36:00ag 2
598. 36:03S.
599. 36:05Okay. Kaso class ah ang tanong kasi sa
600. 36:09atin is grams.
601. 36:12Ayan hindi naman hindi naman ah molang
602. 36:15hinahanap sa atin. So putol pa ito.
603. 36:18Putol pa yung ating equation. Meron pang
604. 36:21isang ingredient na kailangan isali. Ano
605. 36:24kaya yon?
606. 36:27Mm.
607. 36:30Meron pa isa na kailangan isali dito sa
608. 36:34equation na 'to.
609. 36:39M anong kailangan class? Moles ang
610. 36:42lalabas eh pero ang pinapahanap ay
611. 36:44grams.
612. 36:46O kailangan mong hanapin yung kanino
613. 36:48mole ah molar mass no nito. Yan.
614. 36:55Okay. Ah anong molar mass natin with
615. 36:58silver nitrate? Sige nga pa-type na lang
616. 37:02molar mass natin sa silver nitrate.
617. 37:07Okay. Sure ba? 169. O sige.
618. 37:11Okay. So ang sabi
619. 37:15169
620. 37:1987 no? Or 89 pareho lang yan no.
621. 37:25grams over
622. 37:271 mole
623. 37:32ag
624. 37:34no3 teka sulat ko lang ha ag
625. 37:39no3 yan so it
626. 37:44okay papapansinin niyo mabuti ha
627. 37:46magka-cancel po ang unit
628. 37:51okay cancel na po 'yan ang maiiwan sa
629. 37:53inyong 'Yung unit is ito
630. 37:58grams AGNO3. Now, what will be the final
631. 38:02answer? Yan. Anong magiging final answer
632. 38:05na natin?
633. 38:07Oh, pag final answer, ang bilis.
634. 38:09[tawanan]
635. 38:10Okay, so final answer. Ayan nakalagay
636. 38:14diyan
637. 38:16final answer is Dw. Ayan.
638. 38:19Okay. Ayan po no. So plus
639. 38:24um basically no anong reason bakit bakit
640. 38:30ko pinapakita yung cancellation?
641. 38:34Bakit pinapakita? Anong dahilan?
642. 38:37Meron bang dahilan kung ba't ko
643. 38:38pinapakita yung cancellation class?
644. 38:41Ah meron ba? May dahilan ba? O trip ko
645. 38:44lang.
646. 38:47Actually yung pagka-cancel natin ng
647. 38:49unito, it tells us if we are in the
648. 38:54right direction ng pagco-compute natin.
649. 38:58Napansin niyo kasi kung mali ang
650. 39:00computation natin ah hindi tayo
651. 39:03magla-landing
652. 39:05sa tamang unit. Oo. Para Para po mas
653. 39:09accurate ang unit. Tama naman din po no.
654. 39:13Um
655. 39:15practice niyo class when calculating you
656. 39:17cancel units no' especially in this
657. 39:20subject no or if you have physics. Ganun
658. 39:24din ang approach no. Ayun.
659. 39:28Okay po ba? Ayan.
660. 39:32Okay. May questions po ba? May
661. 39:34clarification dito? Ayan. So ito na po.
662. 39:36No itoung ito na 'yung ginawa natin.
663. 39:39Ayan.
664. 39:42Okay.
665. 39:44May questions po ba? Clarification
666. 39:46before we move?
667. 39:48Okay. Wala. Sige. O, mass to mass na
668. 39:52tayo. Ito madali na to no? Okay.
669. 39:54Pansinin niyo mabuti yan. Pwede kasing
670. 39:57ang given sa atin ay mass.
671. 40:01Okay? Mass 'to ha. Nakalagay grams.
672. 40:04Tapos ang pinapahanap sa atin how many
673. 40:07grams? Napansin niyo? So parang bibigyan
674. 40:11kita ng mass,
675. 40:13hanapin mo yung kabilang
676. 40:16mass. So mashaba lang yung equation
677. 40:19natin. Why? Kasi we would be using two
678. 40:22um molar mass. K mapapansin ninyo
679. 40:26ito yung given
680. 40:29minultiply natin sa kanyang molar
681. 40:35teka molar
682. 40:37mass.
683. 40:39Tapos itong nasa gitna
684. 40:42mole
685. 40:46ratio.
686. 40:49Then third we have molar
687. 40:54mass.
688. 40:56Kita okay so may dalawa kang molar mass
689. 41:02and meron kang isang mole ratio sa
690. 41:05gitna. So that's how we do mass to mass
691. 41:08calculation in stoy geometry. No yan. So
692. 41:15anong impormasyon ang dapat na alam mo
693. 41:18no'? So dapat alam mo pareho ang
694. 41:20kanilang molar mass. How would you know
695. 41:22the molar mass? Dapat may bitbit po
696. 41:24kayong periodic
697. 41:29table. No ayan. Yun yung reason bakit
698. 41:34crucial na meron po kayong periodic
699. 41:36table during your midterm exam. Plus
700. 41:41lahat kayo marunong gumamit ng periodic
701. 41:43table. Tama. Kaya ng gumamit ng periodic
702. 41:46table.
703. 41:48Okay?
704. 41:49Ah alam tignan ng periodic table ha
705. 41:51since high school pa 'yan. Sige. Ayun.
706. 41:54So nandun naman. Madali siyang unawain
707. 41:56no'no. Ganun po siya. Okay.
708. 42:01Ayan. O sige. Another example. Pakita ko
709. 42:03na lang 'to siguro. Ayan. So mapapansin
710. 42:06niyo
711. 42:08ang given natin ay grams. Gumamit ng
712. 42:11molar mass ni silver chloride mole ratio
713. 42:17and then another molar mass kay chromium
714. 42:21chloride 'di ba? Hence we calculated
715. 42:25the amount of chromium chloride.
716. 42:30Ayan.
717. 42:34Okay. Now, class uh okay last topics na
718. 42:39to yan. In a chemical equation
719. 42:43ah hindi lahat ng reagents ay nagagamit
720. 42:47no. Okay
721. 42:51yun. Tapos ah may reagent or reactant na
722. 42:54mas mabilis maubos no. So we call them
723. 42:58no the limiting reactant.
724. 43:02Okay. For example class in this example
725. 43:06anong napansin niyo?
726. 43:08Meron kang eight wheels, four rams,
727. 43:14three pedal. Lahat yan kailangan mo para
728. 43:18makagawa ka ng isang bicycle. Okay. With
729. 43:22this ingredient, ilan ang bisikleta na
730. 43:26posible mong ma-produce?
731. 43:30O
732. 43:33sige nga. Ilan? Ilang bicycles ang pwede
733. 43:35mong ma-produce?
734. 43:40Okay, correct no? Tatlo
735. 43:42kasi tatlo lang ang pinal mo eh. No?
736. 43:45Ayan. So ung mabubuo mong bike tatlo
737. 43:47lang. Okay. Lagyan ko ng points to sila.
738. 43:50sa pagsagot. Salamat po. Ayan. So
739. 43:53ngayon,
740. 43:55okay. Uh sino ang limiting factor or
741. 44:01reactant doun sa kwento na 'to? Itong
742. 44:03may bisikleta. Sino?
743. 44:06Sino ang limiting?
744. 44:08Pedal. Correct no? Si pedal po ang
745. 44:12limit.
746. 44:14Meron po bang posibleng mag-excess?
747. 44:19Sino yung excess naman? Kung may limit
748. 44:21may excess eh.
749. 44:27Dalawa yung pwede mag-exess diyan.
750. 44:30So sobra.
751. 44:35Okay. So yung uh magiging excess natin
752. 44:39would be the wheels
753. 44:42and frames. No? Ayan. Okay.
754. 44:49So that's just a nonchemical analogy ha.
755. 44:53Yan. Pinaliwanag lang in lay months.
756. 44:57Okay.
757. 45:00Ayan. So
758. 45:03teka pakita ko lang.
759. 45:08Okay? So if you started with 5 moles 5
760. 45:12molecules of H2 and 3 molecules of Cl2,
761. 45:16how much HCl could you make? Yun yung
762. 45:21tanong.
763. 45:22[nagbubuntong-hininga]
764. 45:24Okay. When the coefficient of the
765. 45:27balance equation are more complex, a
766. 45:29general method should be used.
767. 45:31Yan. So paano paano ba mahanap no?
768. 45:34Problem solving strategy for limiting
769. 45:36reactance. Ayan one. Calculate the
770. 45:38amount of product formed from each
771. 45:41reactant present.
772. 45:43Okay?
773. 45:45So gamitin mo daw pareho yung reactant
774. 45:48na ika-calculate yung um product. No?
775. 45:52Ayun. Then reactants that give the least
776. 45:55amount of product is limiting yung
777. 45:58halimbawa yung reactant daw no na may
778. 46:02pinakamababa na binigay na amount
779. 46:04patungkol dun sa product pag kinompute
780. 46:06mo ano stometrically
781. 46:09okay siya daw yung pinakamababa daw yun
782. 46:11daw ang ano limiting and then the other
783. 46:14reactants are in excess.
784. 46:17Ayan so pakita na lang natin para mas
785. 46:19ma-visualize po ninyo. Ayan.
786. 46:23So ito yung problem natin no. Ang tanong
787. 46:26is how many moles of HCl?
788. 46:31So ito yung pinapaalam sa atin. Ito yung
789. 46:34hindi natin alam.
790. 46:38Okay?
791. 46:40So
792. 46:42no meron tayong 4 moles
793. 46:46ng H2 and 3.5 moles of Cl2. Ayan.
794. 46:53Tingan niyo,
795. 46:55parehong ginamit yung 4 moles H2,
796. 46:593.5 moles of Cl2 and okay, look at the
797. 47:04answer. Ayan
798. 47:07doon sa
799. 47:094 moles ang naproduce natin na HCl is
800. 47:148.
801. 47:16Sa 3.5 we produce
802. 47:207. Okay. So sino ang limiting? So yung
803. 47:24sabi mas mababa siya daw ang limiting.
804. 47:28Mas mababa ang na-produce no? Seven lang
805. 47:31kasi to.
806. 47:33Okay. So ito yung
807. 47:36limiting no. Ayan. So si Cl po Cl2 is
808. 47:41the limiting
809. 47:47reagent. Okay. Anong reason natin bakit
810. 47:50siya ang limiting reagent? Kasi po siya
811. 47:53po yung mas mababa ang na-produce na
812. 47:57product. Okay? Tandaan po yun ha. Ganun
813. 48:00po tignan.
814. 48:02Okay. Ayan.
815. 48:05Teka. Yan. Nakalagay naman diyan sa
816. 48:08finormalize naman ni John Wilen Sense.
817. 48:11Ayan.
818. 48:15Okay. Another example. Ayan o. Sige nga.
819. 48:18Kayo nga ang humusga dito oh. Sino ang
820. 48:22mas mababa?
821. 48:26Oh 1 point ah 0.13 or 0.10?
822. 48:32'Di ba obvious naman no? [tawanan]
823. 48:34Ang mas mababa dito. Sige nga kayo nga
824. 48:37ang humusga.
825. 48:44Hmm.
826. 48:46Oh, sino pong limiting natin class?
827. 48:49Naku, tulog na.
828. 48:55Tulog na. Naku, yari.
829. 49:01Mmm. Sino pong limiting natin? Anong
830. 49:03rules natin? Mas ma baba o sino mas
831. 49:07mababa sa dalawa?
832. 49:12Okay. So mas mababa yung ano 0.1001
833. 49:17no?
834. 49:18Okay. Ayun mas mababa. So ibig sabihin
835. 49:21sino ang limiting reagent natin?
836. 49:24O yung nag-produce daw ng mas mababa.
837. 49:27Sino po ang limiting reagent natin?
838. 49:33Okay. So ang limiting reagent po natin
839. 49:35ay no other than but the
840. 49:39FE. O no. Ayan si iron ang ating
841. 49:44limiting
842. 49:46ah
843. 49:47reactant no po. Ayun.
844. 49:53Mhm.
845. 49:56Okay. Kasi ang reason niyo diyan ayan
846. 49:57nakalagay ha step number two, less Fe3O4
847. 50:01is formed with Fe. So it is the limiting
848. 50:07reactant, no? Ayun po yung reasoning
849. 50:10niya. Okay.
850. 50:14Okay. Ayan. So same lang din ng concept.
851. 50:17Ayan. So
852. 50:21ang pinapahanap sayo is silver bromide.
853. 50:25Tapos ang ginamit sa paggawa ng silver
854. 50:27bromide is magnesium bromide and
855. 50:33ayan silver nitrate. Ayan.
856. 50:38Ayan. So okay. So ang naging ah limiting
857. 50:43daw natin dito ay
858. 50:46MGBR2 si magnesium bromide. Bakit no?
859. 50:50Kasi
860. 50:51ah less yung silver bromide na na-form
861. 50:54no.
862. 50:56Ayun. Okay.
863. 51:00Ayan. Another example na lang ulit to
864. 51:02no. Ayan.
865. 51:05Okay.
866. 51:07Oh. So ito another example ulit ng
867. 51:09pag-calculate ng limiting reactant.
868. 51:13Okay? Clas ganito itong example na to
869. 51:16kung mapapansin ninyo ah
870. 51:20hindi moles ang naging naging
871. 51:22calculation. Tingnan niyo oh. Grams ang
872. 51:26naging calculation.
873. 51:28178 grams. 178.6 6 grams yung kasunod po
874. 51:34teka
875. 51:37okay
876. 51:39is 164.4
877. 51:414 grams ng ah BO4.
878. 51:46Mapapansin ninyo no? Ayan.
879. 51:50So ang tanong na dito ngayon is sino
880. 51:52yung mas mababa na grams? So ibig
881. 51:55sabihin class hindi lang mole
882. 51:59versus mole
883. 52:02no? Kung sino yung pinakaess
884. 52:05or kaunti. Pwede rin palang grams versus
885. 52:10grams. Then kung sino yung pinaka-less,
886. 52:12siya po yung limiting reactant. So ang
887. 52:15sabi dito,
888. 52:17less baso
889. 52:19was formed with Na2SO4.
890. 52:23So it is the limiting reactant. Bakit?
891. 52:26Kasi
892. 52:28okay ang na-form lang daw is 164.4
893. 52:34grams. Okay? So hindi lang ano ha
894. 52:37mapapansin niyo class sa mga previous
895. 52:41example natin
896. 52:44moles yung pinapakita o ano ayan moles
897. 52:48po yung pinapakita
898. 52:51so pepwede rin po pala na grams naman
899. 52:54ang pinagco-compare no na yield.
900. 52:58Okay po. Ayan.
901. 53:01uh last part of our discussion for this
902. 53:04morning. Ayan reaction yield. Ayan. So
903. 53:12ano ba yung reaction yield? No class ah
904. 53:18sa reaction yield may dalawa tayong
905. 53:20component. One is the actual.
906. 53:25Okay. Sa tagalog ito yung teka ano bang
907. 53:29magandang word ang gamitin? Ginawa.
908. 53:34Ginawa. Okay.
909. 53:36Theoretical.
910. 53:39Ito yung pag sinabi mong theoretical,
911. 53:41ano bang ibig sabihin non ' ba from the
912. 53:44book no or in theories no? So ito yung
913. 53:50sa tagalog is key
914. 53:53nom
915. 53:58pute. Okay. [tawanan]
916. 54:01Okay. So ginawa versus kinompute no'
917. 54:04ayan.
918. 54:06Gets niyo ba glass? Naintindihan ba?
919. 54:10Ayan. So
920. 54:13ibig sabihin no yung actual yun yung ah
921. 54:16nakuha no sa laboratory na ginawa mo
922. 54:20yung isang chemical reaction. Ayan tos
923. 54:23yun yung amount na lumabas. Yun yung
924. 54:25actual yield. Yung theoretical ito yung
925. 54:27nako-compute mo sa paper no'no. 'Yung
926. 54:30naco-compute mo through calculations.
927. 54:32Yan. So pwede palang magkaiba no 'yung
928. 54:34uh na yield mo versus dun sa na-compute
929. 54:38mo no'no. Posible siya no. Ayan.
930. 54:43Okay. So ayan po yung definition nila.
931. 54:47Ayan percent yield. Now
932. 54:50yan example. Okay. So dito, calculate
933. 54:55the percent yield of silver bromide if
934. 54:58375 gr of the compound are prepared from
935. 55:04200 gr of magnesium bromide. So gumamit
936. 55:08ka daw ng 200 gr magnesium bromide
937. 55:13no? Ang actual na na-produce mo is 375.
938. 55:18Teka lagyan ko ng word na actual ha.
939. 55:21T's basahin niyo lang 'yung problem ng
940. 55:22mabuti no para hindi kayo malito sa
941. 55:24actual at saka sa theoretical. Yan. So
942. 55:28ito yung actual.
943. 55:30Ayan.
944. 55:32Pero if you compute it, kung co-computin
945. 55:36mo siya no. So using 200 gr gumamit ka
946. 55:41ng molar mass mole ratio. Ito po yung
947. 55:45equation.
948. 55:47Yan. Ito equation.
949. 55:51Ayan. T's gumamit ka ng molar mass ulit
950. 55:54ng silver bromide. Yung theoretical
951. 55:57amount is 408 gr. Yan. So ito na yung
952. 56:02na-compute natin as
953. 56:05theoretical.
954. 56:16Teka, napuputol yung mouse ko. Ayan.
955. 56:19Okay. So theoretical. Now using this
956. 56:23equation pwede nating ma-compute 'yung
957. 56:26percentage yield. Now the percent yield
958. 56:29would be 99 ay 91.91%.
959. 56:36Allr. Ayan. So ito siya no?
960. 56:46Okay. Another example. Ayan. Ganun lang
961. 56:49din ang ah
962. 56:53ang ah theoretical. Okay.
963. 56:57O
964. 56:59y na-compute yung actual
965. 57:03o po.
966. 57:05Plus ah ano ang posibleng tricky no dito
967. 57:09sa problem na to kapagka nag-e-exam na
968. 57:13kayo plus ah yung kwento no.
969. 57:17Okay.
970. 57:19Ayun. So dapat yung ah pagkakabasa niyo
971. 57:23at pagkakaintindi niyo sa problem is
972. 57:26kaya niyong ma-identify alin ang actual.
973. 57:30Okay.
974. 57:31So tulad nito, calculate the percent
975. 57:34yield of aluminum oxide if 125 g of
976. 57:40aluminum give teka iyung word na give
977. 57:43100 gr
978. 57:46no ah Al2 O3 or aluminum oxide 'di ba?
979. 57:52So anong role ni aluminum dito? Siya ba
980. 57:55yung actual? Hindi no? Siya 'yung
981. 57:58tinutukoy na ingredient. Yan. T's tingin
982. 58:01kayo sa ano sa equation. Yan. Andito
983. 58:03siya.
984. 58:05T's ito yung pinapahanap sa'yo na
985. 58:07product no. So ibig sabihin kung meron
986. 58:10ka daw 100
987. 58:14grams ng aluminum no?
988. 58:18Ilan? Ito no? Ayan. So in theory o yun
989. 58:24no. In actual o siya yan. So may actual
990. 58:30ka na and then may theory ka na.
991. 58:34Hence you have
992. 58:36percent yield. Okay?
993. 58:43Ayun tapos na po. Ayan class. May
994. 58:45questions ba kayo? May clarifications?
995. 58:51Ayan.
996. 58:59Wala. Sure kayo ha. [tawanan]
997. 59:02[sumisinghap] Plus, mag-iiwan ako ng
998. 59:03seatwork ha. Pero yung seatwork naman is
999. 59:061 week na siyang available ha. So you
1000. 59:10find time to do it, to answer it and
1001. 59:13practice, no? Um, magbibigay ako ng
1002. 59:16instruction mamaya sa Google Classroom.
1003. 59:19Ang gagawin nyo siya sa papel tapos
1004. 59:22'yung submission is digital 'no?
1005. 59:24Pi-picturan nyo 'yung ano nyo seatwk
1006. 59:27niyo and then you have to submit it via
1007. 59:30Google form'o. Ganun 'yung plano ko don.
1008. 59:32Okay? May questions po ba? May
1009. 59:35clarification for chapter 9
1010. 59:40class ano meron?
1011. 59:46Kung walang clarification, pa-thumbs up
1012. 59:47na lang. Okay.