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Add a Column to 300 Million Rows Without Downtime #coding #softwarearchitect #programming — Transcript

by Scale in 60 sec · 142 words · 25 segments · language en · Watch on YouTube
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  1. 0:00Your users table has 300 million rows
  2. 0:03and traffic never stops. Now you must
  3. 0:05add a column.
  4. 0:07How do you do it without taking the site
  5. 0:09down?
  6. 0:12The wrong way is one giant update. It
  7. 0:14holds locks for hours and every query
  8. 0:16behind it waits.
  9. 0:20Stage one, add the column as nullable
  10. 0:22with no default. The database only edits
  11. 0:25its notes about the table, so it
  12. 0:26finishes instantly.
  13. 0:30Stage two, ship the app so every new
  14. 0:32write fills the column and reads fall
  15. 0:34back to a default when it is empty.
  16. 0:39Stage three, backfill the old rows in
  17. 0:41small batches,
  18. 0:42a few thousand at a time. Pause, check
  19. 0:44the load, repeat. The database never
  20. 0:46notices.
  21. 0:49When no empty rows remain, add the
  22. 0:51constraint and delete the fallback code.
  23. 0:54Three safe stages, zero downtime.
  24. 0:58Follow for more system design in under a
  25. 1:01minute.

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