A summary of World War 1 in under 7 minutes — Transcript

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1. 0:04World War One also known as the Great
2. 0:07War was a deadly conflict from 1914 to
3. 0:101918.
4. 0:13it was fought between the Allied powers
5. 0:16which included France Russia the United
6. 0:19Kingdom Japan and the United States as
7. 0:22one united front against the Central
8. 0:24Powers which included Germany
9. 0:26Austria-Hungary
10. 0:28and the Ottoman Empire
11. 0:30but over 30 countries were actually
12. 0:32involved
13. 0:36in the end it claimed over 16 million
14. 0:39lives and left a lasting impact in our
15. 0:42world
16. 0:46[Music]
17. 0:49historians believe the War Began on June
18. 0:5328 of 1914 when Franz Ferdinand the
19. 0:56Archduke of Austria-Hungary
20. 0:59was assassinated
21. 1:01by a group of Bosnian Serb nationalists
22. 1:05their goal was to liberate Bosnia from
23. 1:08austrian-hungarian control
24. 1:10thank you
25. 1:16because of this Austria-Hungary declared
26. 1:19war on Serbia
27. 1:21and after that different European powers
28. 1:24responded in different ways
29. 1:26Russia had a treaty with Serbia in which
30. 1:28they had agreed to defend them so when
31. 1:31Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia
32. 1:33Russia was brought into the conflict
33. 1:35Germany had backed Austria-Hungary in
34. 1:38the conflict with Serbia so it followed
35. 1:40suit by declaring war on Russia
36. 1:43France was bound by a treaty to help
37. 1:46Russia in the event of War
38. 1:48so when Germany declared war on Russia
39. 1:50France mobilized its troops against
40. 1:52Germany and Austria-Hungary
41. 1:55Germany also feared that Russia and
42. 1:58France would both seize this opportunity
43. 2:00to move against Germany if it did not
44. 2:02take the offensive
45. 2:04so it started attacking immediately
46. 2:07Great Britain had guaranteed Belgium's
47. 2:09neutrality so in Germany on its way to
48. 2:11France invaded Belgium it declared war
49. 2:14on Germany it also had a treaty with
50. 2:17France which obligated it to help France
51. 2:19in the event of War
52. 2:21Japan decided to honor the terms of its
53. 2:241902 alliance with Great Britain and
54. 2:26declared war on Germany
55. 2:30the Ottoman Empire which included
56. 2:32present-day turkey and part of the
57. 2:34Middle East had a pre-existing military
58. 2:36alliance with Germany so in November of
59. 2:391914 it entered the war as part of the
60. 2:41Central Powers
61. 2:43both sides pressured Bulgaria to join
62. 2:45the war
63. 2:46finally it sided with the Central Powers
64. 2:50these responses along with others led to
65. 2:53the start of World War One
66. 2:54[Music]
67. 2:56Italy was a formal member of the Triple
68. 2:59Alliance with Germany and
69. 3:00Austria-Hungary when World War one broke
70. 3:03out
71. 3:04it was expected that it would join their
72. 3:06side but it declared itself neutral
73. 3:09and secretly negotiated a pact with
74. 3:11Great Britain and France promising its
75. 3:14support to the Allies in return for
76. 3:16lands
77. 3:17so on May 3rd 1915 Italy declared war on
78. 3:21Austria-Hungary
79. 3:24in 1917 United States joined the war
80. 3:27which helped to tip the balance of power
81. 3:29in favor of the allies
82. 3:34the War mostly fought in trenches
83. 3:37resulted in long stalemates for years
84. 3:42it was devastating and brutal and it
85. 3:44introduced new technologies that made
86. 3:46Warfare deadlier
87. 3:48such as chemical warfare like poisonous
88. 3:52gases used by both sides
89. 3:56mechanical Warfare like tanks first
90. 3:59introduced by Great Britain and later
91. 4:01adopted by everyone
92. 4:03aerial Warfare like airplanes dropping
93. 4:05bombs and fighter planes involving
94. 4:08themselves in dogfights
95. 4:10an advanced artillery technology such as
96. 4:13shelling that caused millions of deaths
97. 4:17women played a significant role during
98. 4:19the war taking on jobs previously
99. 4:22regarded as men's work
100. 4:24they worked in Munitions factories
101. 4:26served as nurses and doctors on the
102. 4:28front lines and even acted as spies
103. 4:31their contributions were invaluable and
104. 4:34drove advancements in gender equality
105. 4:37towards the end of the year 1918
106. 4:40Austria-Hungary surrendered to the
107. 4:42Allied powers
108. 4:43only days after the Ottoman Empire did
109. 4:46the same and finally some days after
110. 4:49that Germany capitulated as well
111. 4:55[Music]
112. 4:58the Treaty of Versailles was signed in
113. 5:011919.
114. 5:03it was intended to bring a formal end to
115. 5:05World War one and established lasting
116. 5:07peace in Europe
117. 5:08[Music]
118. 5:10but many historians agreed that it was a
119. 5:13flawed peace treaty that ultimately
120. 5:15contributed to the outbreak of World War
121. 5:17II
122. 5:19one of the key flaws of the agreement
123. 5:21was its harsh treatment of Germany which
124. 5:23was forced to accept full responsibility
125. 5:25for the war and pay heavy reparations to
126. 5:28the Allied powers
127. 5:30this we know now would lead to economic
128. 5:33instability in Germany
129. 5:35and it would create a favorable
130. 5:37environment for the rise of extremist
131. 5:39political movements like the Nazi party
132. 5:41that would eventually push the country
133. 5:43to initiate another catastrophic War
134. 5:47whatever the view one thing is certain
135. 5:50the war finished in 1918.
136. 5:53peace was formally agreed in Versailles
137. 5:56the following year
138. 5:57the world celebrated the end of a
139. 5:59devastating conflict that took the lives
140. 6:01of 16 million people and would continue
141. 6:04to shape the world for decades to come