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Боги Финикии и Угарита, родина Библии? — Transcript

by Кыштымский Карлик · 8,924 words · 1,373 segments · language en · Watch on YouTube

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0:00Greetings to you, dear viewers. You are
0:02on the Kyshtym Dwarf channel. A
0:04disclaimer. Everything stated by the
0:06author is his personal fantasy, as well
0:08as excerpts from official sources. Any
0:10resemblance to real persons is purely
0:12coincidental. Remember, the channel is
0:14for entertainment purposes and does not
0:16claim to be the truth. The author may
0:18be mistaken in his conclusions. Today,
0:21I will try to introduce you, dear
0:23viewers, to some very interesting
0:25materials that may shed light on the
0:27origins of modern religion as such. We
0:31are talking about Phoenicia and Ugarit.
0:34To give you the right associations
0:36right away, a few words about these
0:38names. Phoenicia is one of the most
0:42ancient regions on Earth from a
0:44historical perspective, stretching
0:46along the eastern coast of the
0:47Mediterranean Sea. In this territory,
0:51there were city-states that engaged in
0:54trade, fishing, maritime transport, and
0:56shipbuilding. Moreover, the Phoenicians
1:00had their own colonies that stretched
1:02along the shores of the Mediterranean,
1:04all the way to Spain. Even the Egyptian
1:08pharaohs commissioned the Phoenicians
1:09to build ships. According to one
1:13version, the name Phoenicia comes from
1:15the word Fenekhu, which means
1:16shipbuilder. Cities such as modern
1:19Baalbek, Beirut, Byblos, Tyre, and
1:22Tripoli are familiar to anyone
1:24interested in religion, mythology, and
1:27history. Yes, the Phoenicians lived on
1:30the territory of modern Lebanon and,
1:33accordingly, traded in Lebanese cedar,
1:35and also built their ships from it. The
1:39city of Byblos is known for being the
1:41main hub for trade with Egypt. Among
1:44many goods, Byblos also traded in
1:46Egyptian papyrus, which was at a
1:48certain point in history the main
1:50material for recording various texts.
1:54Another trading partner of Phoenicia
1:56was Greece, which actively bought
1:58Egyptian papyrus. Thanks to this, the
2:01name of the city of Byblos entered the
2:03Greek language. And thus appeared the
2:06word Biblion, which means book. And
2:09since the Jews, neighbors of the
2:11Phoenicians, borrowed not only their
2:13alphabet but also their religious myths
2:16, it is clear why Jewish writings were
2:18later named the Bible, that is, a
2:20collection of books. It is also worth
2:24mentioning that the Phoenician land was
2:26actually called Canaan, and the
2:28Phoenicians called themselves
2:29Canaanites. Canaan is the son of that
2:34very Ham who was Jupiter to the Romans,
2:36Amon or Hammon to the Egyptians, and
2:38Egypt itself was called the land of Ham
2:41. It was from here that the Jews came
2:45to the land of Canaan and allegedly
2:47destroyed the Canaanites by the order
2:49of Yahweh. Besides the Phoenicians, the
2:51Amorites also lived on this land. I
2:54have already said that such a
2:55resemblance to the word "sea"(morye)—
2:57referring to the Mediterranean, by
2:59which they actually lived—is not
3:01accidental. And the Amorites are an
3:03analog of the Pomors, that is, a people
3:06living along the shores of the sea.
3:08Actually, back in the 19th century, it
3:10was known that Slavic peoples lived on
3:12the lands of Canaan. So, the
3:15Phoenicians and the Amorites were
3:17related peoples, like Russians and
3:19Ukrainians today. It is possible that
3:23these peoples are also related to the
3:25Etruscans, so it is quite possible that
3:27Slavs once lived in this region. But
3:30scientists classify the Phoenicians as
3:33a Semitic people. And some of them, on
3:36this basis, say that the Slavs are
3:37descendants of the Jews. Personally, I
3:40categorically disagree with this and
3:42believe that the Slavs simply lived
3:44next to the Semites on the territory of
3:47Phoenicia. Now about Ugarit. In our
3:51time, in Northern Syria in 1928, a
3:53farmer accidentally discovered a stone
3:56slab that turned out to be a tomb cover
3:58. French archaeologists rushed to the
4:02site immediately. Why French? Simply
4:06because Syria and Lebanon were under
4:08French rule at that time. French
4:11Masonic scientists were very fond of
4:13excavating ancient settlements and
4:15extracting artifacts from them. And so,
4:19next to the ancient cemetery, a hill
4:21called Ras Shamra was discovered, which
4:24means "fennel cape." They excavated it.
4:28And thus, the famous city of Ugarit,
4:30mentioned in ancient Egyptian documents
4:32, was discovered. Ugarit is interesting
4:35to us because, among other things, clay
4:37tablets with writing were discovered
4:39there. Cuneiform text was inscribed on
4:42these tablets. But, to the surprise of
4:45archaeologists and linguists, this text
4:47was not an analogue of Sumerian. Unlike
4:50Mesopotamian clay tablets, which had
4:52hundreds of different signs, there were
4:55fewer than thirty signs in Ugarit. Then
4:58it became clear that the scientists
4:59were dealing with alphabetic writing.
5:02The tablets were deciphered quite
5:04quickly, revealing ancient poems and
5:06mentioning gods known from the Bible
5:09and the works of Philo of Byblos.
5:12Scientists found that the Ugaritic
5:14texts are earlier than the Phoenician
5:16ones. They began to be called Canaanite
5:19myths in scientific literature.
5:22Ugaritic tablets are also important
5:24because they exist in their original
5:26form, whereas Phoenician legends and
5:28myths are known to scientists
5:29exclusively from the works of later
5:31writers from Egypt, Greece, and Rome.
5:34Where did the Phoenician texts in their
5:36original form go? There is a
5:39supposition that they simply crumbled
5:41to dust, as they were recorded on
5:43Egyptian papyrus, which deteriorated
5:45very quickly in the conditions of
5:47coastal lands. Perhaps this is so, but
5:50historians describe the difficult fate
5:52of the Phoenician land. Many peoples
5:56attempted to seize it, as it was
5:58fertile and a key center of trade in
6:00the entire Mediterranean region. Canaan
6:05was under the control of Egyptians,
6:07Assyrians, Hittites, Persians, and many
6:09others. Even Alexander the Great
6:12himself conquered these lands.
6:14Therefore, in such a restless place
6:16from a political point of view, large
6:18libraries could hardly have been
6:20preserved. They were either taken away
6:23to the same Egyptian Alexandria or
6:25burned and destroyed. In general, the
6:28history of Phoenicia and Ugarit is very
6:30interesting. And for anyone who wants
6:33to learn more, I recommend Yulia
6:34Tsirkin's book "Myths of Ugarit and
6:36Phoenicia." So, let us turn directly to
6:39the mythology of Phoenicia. It must be
6:42said immediately that, for the reasons
6:44mentioned above, Phoenicia was never a
6:47single state. Accordingly, each city
6:50and people living in those territories
6:53at various times had their own deities
6:55and religion. Yes, they were very often
6:59similar to one another, but differences
7:01still existed. Therefore, hundreds of
7:05years of layering myths upon myths led
7:07to names, functions, and stories of
7:09some gods intertwining with others. In
7:14this regard, even scholars find it
7:16difficult to clearly and concisely
7:18explain which god was primary, which
7:20replaced him, and how these myths
7:22entered the Bible. We, however, will
7:25simply acquaint ourselves with some
7:27characters of Phoenician and Ugaritic
7:29mythology and try to find familiar
7:31plots. Unfortunately, I haven't made a
7:36video about Kabbalah yet, but I know
7:38that ancient Jews treated their
7:40alphabet and names with great reverence
7:42, believing that letters and words
7:44could influence the astral world, which
7:46itself is a reflection of the divine
7:48world, that is, the world of ideas.
7:52Behind every letter, word, and name
7:55stands a number. And numbers, as is
7:58well known, are the expression of
8:00divine law and order. Where there is a
8:03number, there is order, and thus the
8:05Creator is present. The Phoenicians,
8:09likely aware of Kabbalistic science,
8:11were convinced that knowing the name of
8:13a person or deity granted power over
8:15them. This is, of course, directly
8:19related to magic. It is precisely for
8:22this reason that the Phoenicians were
8:24forbidden from pronouncing the true
8:26names of deities. Only a priest in a
8:29temple could do this according to
8:31strict rules. To somehow solve this
8:33problem, the Phoenicians used epithets
8:36or replacement words instead of the
8:38true names of deities. Thus appeared
8:42the words "El," meaning deity in
8:44general, and "Baal," meaning lord or
8:46master, as well as "Adon" or "Adonai,"
8:49meaning Lord or master. That is why to
8:53this day we use a religious system that
8:55, in principle, does not function as it
8:58should. After all, one must address a
9:02deity by its own name to achieve the
9:04desired result, as the mages and magi
9:07of antiquity did. The authors of the
9:10Old Testament did everything to deprive
9:12the ancient Vedic world of the
9:14knowledge of the names of the divine
9:16pantheon. So, each city had its own
9:18patron deities, but at the same time,
9:21the Phoenicians did not shy away from
9:23using their neighbors 'deities for
9:25their own purposes. That is why they
9:29could have several dying and
9:30resurrecting deities at once, which
9:32later transformed into Jesus Christ.
9:36The veneration of high mountains and
9:38the deities who rule them also finds
9:40its origins in Ugarit. We know of Mount
9:44Sapan or Tsaphon, a sacred mountain on
9:46which its ruler Baal, or Baal-zephon,
9:49fought a monster. The counterpart of
9:52Baal-zephon, the Casius Zeus, fought
9:54the monster Typhon on Mount Tsaphon.
9:57Some scholars believe that Tsaphon and
9:59Typhon are one and the same. We, for
10:02our part, can interpret this as the
10:04struggle of air or spirit against the
10:06mountain or matter. Furthermore, the
10:09Semites believed that trouble would one
10:11day come to the land from the north. It
10:14is possible that this refers to the
10:16northern sky, with the mountain serving
10:18as an allegory for the celestial axis
10:20pointing to the Pole Star. As you may
10:23recall, many mythologies speak of the
10:26importance of this axis to the fate of
10:28our world. Along with mountains, the
10:32Phoenicians also venerated special
10:34stones called baetyls, from "bet-el,"
10:36meaning dwelling of the deity. And
10:41although scholars tell us today that
10:43stone worship is a legacy of ancient
10:45fetishism, there is reason to believe
10:47that ancient people knew how to inhabit
10:49stones with real spirits, whether a
10:51deceased ancestor or some other entity.
10:55This was done for both religious and
10:57practical reasons. The spirit could
11:00assist in various affairs. Special
11:03animals were also venerated in
11:04Phoenicia. For example, the bull served
11:07as a symbol of the god El and his son
11:10Baal, as a powerful and fertile animal.
11:12Meanwhile, the boar was considered an
11:14accursed animal. Hence the Semitic
11:16aversion to pork. As mentioned earlier,
11:20Phoenician land was conquered by many
11:22neighboring nations. Because of this,
11:25foreign deities were often adopted into
11:27the Phoenician pantheon or simply
11:29identified with local gods. In
11:31antiquity, there were generally far
11:33fewer disputes regarding religion. No
11:36one killed their neighbor because they
11:38worshipped Zeus Kasios while we
11:40worshipped Baal-Zaphon. Religious
11:44intolerance only began to appear with
11:46the first seeds of monotheism and the
11:48emergence of the concept of a chosen
11:50people. It is worth noting that there
11:55were attempts in antiquity to organize
11:57Phoenician mythology and sort out the
11:59pantheon of deities. I have already
12:01mentioned in one of the videos a
12:03certain Sanchuniathon. This writer
12:06lived in the ancient Phoenician city of
12:09Berytus, now Beirut, and recorded
12:11sacred texts from the temple of the god
12:13Ieuo. It was this work that the
12:17aforementioned Philo of Byblos used to
12:19create his own History of Phoenicia.
12:22Neither the first nor the second work
12:24has, unfortunately, survived to this
12:27day. And here is an interesting point.
12:29It is known that Sanchuniathon himself
12:31received information from the ancient
12:34sage Taautus. And in Egypt, this
12:37Taautus was known as the god Thoth. We
12:40know very well that the god Thoth is
12:42Hermes Trismegistus, or Hermes
12:44Thrice-Great. It turns out that many
12:48Phoenician figures seem to merge with
12:50mythological characters. And this is
12:54not the only example. For instance, the
12:56King of the Phoenician city of Tyre was
12:58Hiram the Great. The very same Hiram
13:01who helped Solomon build the great
13:03temple. Hiram supposedly also built the
13:06temple of Melqart in Tyre. And Melqart
13:09is the patron god of navigation for the
13:12Tyrians. In Greece, he was identified
13:16with Heracles, which is why the
13:17Phoenicians called the Pillars of
13:19Hercules in the Strait of Gibraltar the
13:21columns of Melqart. Given what has been
13:25said, I personally have a strong
13:27suspicion that in ancient times,
13:28heavenly and earthly history were not
13:31separated from each other. Meaning that
13:33, at the very least, kings traced their
13:35lineage not from humans, but from gods
13:38and demigods. Some peoples have legends
13:40that their ancestors came from the
13:42stars. Personally, I do not believe
13:45that any aliens flew to Earth and
13:47populated it. It is more of an allegory
13:51, a simplified way of telling the story
13:53of how life began on our planet. But
13:57nevertheless, that is often how the
13:59legends go. And in general, a
14:02distinctive feature of ancient
14:04religions is the absence of strict
14:06dogmas in them. Legends could take
14:09various forms, gods could swap places,
14:11and a kind of chaos reigned, supported
14:14by the peoples themselves. But at the
14:17same time, the wise knew that once,
14:19many thousands of years before the
14:21Phoenicians themselves, a unified
14:23knowledge existed that encompassed
14:26culture, religion, and science. Echoes
14:30of this lost knowledge are found in
14:32Kabbalah, which, of course, did not
14:34originally belong to the Jews, but was
14:37obtained by them from Egypt through
14:39Moses or Chaldean priests, and
14:40subsequently lost again. Therefore, the
14:45main goal of many ancient authors was
14:47the work of restoring this knowledge
14:49and bringing order to myths and legends
14:51. So, let us return to mythology.
14:56Despite the abundance of deities among
14:58the Phoenicians and Ugaritians and the
15:00complexity of the divine pantheon, a
15:02certain foundation still existed. Thus,
15:06the supreme god of Ugarit was Ilu,
15:08meaning God; in principle, he was
15:10depicted sitting on a throne, which
15:12indicated that Ilu did not interfere in
15:15the petty affairs of people on Earth.
15:18He was, as it were, in a state of calm,
15:21observing the affairs of men and other
15:23deities. The word of Ilu has the force
15:26of law, and no one, including the
15:28deities, can contradict it. It would
15:31seem that this is the image of the one
15:33Christian God the Father. But in Ugarit
15:37, it was believed that due to his old
15:39age, Ilu could succumb to persuasion
15:41and manipulation by his own sons, and
15:43this does not fit the Christian concept
15:45at all. Furthermore, in Ugarit, there
15:49was another god above Ilu—the Father
15:51of Ilu. As you remember, in Zurvanism,
15:54there was the exact same situation,
15:56where above the supreme god Zurvan, who
15:59himself gave birth to the good and evil
16:01gods of our universe, stood Father
16:04Zurvan. What this father of Ilu is,
16:06mythology does not say, or such
16:08information simply has not been found
16:11yet. But one of the legends tells us
16:13the following. Next is an excerpt from
16:16the book by Yuli Tsirkin, "Myths and
16:18Legends of the Peoples of the World."
16:20Volume twelve. Western Asia. Quote. The
16:23Phoenicians told of the creation of the
16:25Universe in different ways. Some
16:27believed that at the beginning of all
16:29things there was a dark air, like the
16:31wind, and an equally dark chaos. And so
16:34it was always, and they had no end. But
16:37then the air, also known as the spirit,
16:40fell in love with itself. And desire
16:43appeared, and then Mot. This was both
16:46death and rebirth from it. This Mot was
16:50either mud or a watery rot. From it
16:54came the seeds of every creature, of
16:56every creation, in a word, of
16:58everything that exists. Then appeared
17:02creatures that did not yet have any
17:04senses, and from them evolved other
17:05creatures possessing reason, and they
17:07received the name of guardians of the
17:09sky. In their shape, they resembled an
17:13egg. At the same time, the sun, moon,
17:17stars, and great luminaries also
17:19emerged, and then both the mud and all
17:21celestial bodies ignited. From such
17:24ignition, everything became permeated
17:26with light, and from this light, the
17:28seas and lands caught fire. As a result
17:31, everything heated up, the air was set
17:33in motion, from which the winds
17:35originated. Clouds gathered in the
17:37heavens, which poured down upon the
17:39earth in powerful torrents. The earth,
17:42having heated up, began to erupt. And
17:45powerful earthquakes shook the universe
17:47. And everything whirled in a mighty
17:50vortex, in which a wide variety of
17:52things and creatures collided with one
17:54another. From their collisions, thunder
17:57and lightning were born. The roar was
17:59such that the guardians of the sky, who
18:01had been sleeping until then, now awoke
18:03and began to move, and with them,
18:05everything else began to move as well.
18:08From the union of all this, men and
18:10women came into being. They gave names
18:13to the winds, hallowed the fruits of
18:15the earth, and began to worship them.
18:17End of quote. So, you have heard that
18:21before our universe and any matter at
18:23all appeared, there existed only chaos
18:25and spirit or air. This concept is
18:28already familiar to us. And when the
18:31spirit has a desire, it immediately
18:33leads to the appearance of death or the
18:35god Mot, as they believed in Ugarit.
18:38And it is said that this mud was filth
18:40or silt. Here I can refer to the fact
18:43that the Canaanite language was
18:45considered Slavic. And the name Illu is
18:48nothing other than divine matter. We
18:51remember well that matter was called
18:53clay or dust of the earth in ancient
18:55texts. And the word' il 'in some
18:58languages is translated exactly that
19:01way: clay. That is, in essence, we have
19:04a certain allegory that tells us that
19:06matter appeared at the moment when the
19:08spirit, hovering over the ocean of
19:10chaos, fell in love with itself. And
19:14thus appeared matter, as the sediment
19:16of Ilil at the bottom of that very
19:18primordial ocean of Chaos. Perhaps this
19:22was that very ancestral Ilu. His
19:24descendant, the Ugaritic god Ilu, lives
19:27already in the center of the universe.
19:30According to Canaanite notions, the
19:32world consisted of an upper ocean,
19:34where deities live, including
19:36Baal-Hammon, and a lower or
19:38subterranean ocean, and in the center
19:40was the Earth. It is noted that the Sun
19:44, Moon, and Stars are located beneath
19:46the celestial ocean. That is, the
19:49cosmos is not the celestial ocean, but
19:51mere matter. And now, attention, an
19:54interesting point. The god Ilu lives
19:57between these two oceans, which
19:58originate at the source of a sacred
20:00river. When God created the universe,
20:04he separated the water above the
20:06firmament from the water below the
20:08firmament, after which the sky formed
20:10above, the sea below, and the earth in
20:12between. In Phoenicia, the water flow
20:15was symbolized by a serpent. The spirit
20:20that hovered over chaos at the
20:22beginning of creation and fell in love
20:24with itself could, according to Philo
20:26of Byblos, be represented as a serpent
20:29devouring its own tail—the familiar
20:31Ouroboros. And now, a quote from a book
20:35by Yuli Tsirkin. El's enemy was a
20:40mighty serpent, and two armies—one
20:42led by El and the other by the serpent
20:44—fought stubbornly against each other
20:46, but neither side could secure a
20:49victory. And so, the two leaders made a
20:53pact. According to its terms, the army
20:56whose warriors fell into the ocean and
20:58were consumed by it would be considered
21:00defeated, while their opponents would
21:02rule the sky and the whole world. And
21:05that is what happened. The serpent's
21:08warriors were swallowed by the ocean's
21:10waters, and El became the master of the
21:12sky, while his companions became the
21:14gods who rule the universe with him.
21:18El's victory gave the universe its
21:20final form. End of quote. So, what do
21:22you think of this turn of events? It
21:25turns out that the god El fights the
21:27Ouroboros. And once again, the dilemma
21:30arises of defining what is good and
21:32what is evil. After all, judging by the
21:35story of El’s battle with the serpent
21:37, the latter is a true fallen angel or
21:39Satan. And the end of the world will
21:45come when El finally defeats this
21:46serpent, which the Jews identified with
21:48Leviathan. That is the kind of complex
21:52cosmogony they had in Phoenicia. Unlike
21:56the Jewish God the Father, the Ugaritic
21:58El had a wife named Athirat, who held
22:01the title Ilat—simply "goddess"—and
22:03the epithet "Sea" as the patroness of
22:06fishing. Athirat, or Asherah, should
22:09not be confused with Astarte, another
22:12goddess who was the wife of Baal.
22:15Asherah was either the wife or the
22:16daughter of El. This can be explained
22:20by the fact that Asherah is likely the
22:22creative hypostasis of El, who directly
22:25creates all living things. And the
22:28epithet "Sea" was given to her because
22:30she conquered the watery chaos. But it
22:33turns out that God El had more than one
22:35wife. His second spouse, named Rahmayu,
22:40meaning "maiden," ranked even higher
22:42than Asherah and presided not over
22:44fishing, but over hunting. I suspect
22:48that she is the one who later
22:50transformed into the goddess Ishtar,
22:52and even later into Venus. If we think
22:55in terms of symbolism, hunting acts as
22:57a synonym for the cosmos. Therefore,
23:01the children of Rahmayu and El were
23:03Shahar and Shalim. You have surely
23:06heard about these two gods from me and
23:08from other researchers. I identified
23:11them with sugar and salt. Some believe
23:15that Satan is hidden within one of
23:16these brothers. Scholars, however,
23:19believe that Shahar and Shalim are the
23:22morning and evening stars, that is,
23:24Venus. One could guess endlessly here,
23:27for, as I have already said, Phoenician
23:29mythology is very intricate, with one
23:32layer superimposed upon another. But if
23:36we extrapolate this Phoenician myth to
23:38other sacred texts, it may well turn
23:40out that Shahar and Shalim are the
23:42equivalents of Ahura Mazda and Ahriman,
23:45or Ulgen and Erlik. Moreover, if it is
23:50known that the evil god was born before
23:52the good one and is older, then,
23:54accordingly, in the Shahar-Shalim pair,
23:56it is the first brother, Shahar, who is
23:59the evil one. And the second, Shalim or
24:03Salim, is that very good god who was
24:05initially worshipped in Jerusalem—
24:07that is, in the city built by the god
24:10Salim. As has already been stated by
24:13other researchers, Shahar is mentioned
24:15in the Book of Isaiah. where there is
24:19the expression Helel Ben-Shahar, that
24:21is, the light-bringer or the shining
24:23son of Shahar, which is essentially
24:25similar to the epithet of Lucifer or
24:27the Morning Star. However, scholars
24:32have yet to reach a consensus regarding
24:34the god Shahar, who also had a son,
24:36Attar, who, depending on the need, was
24:39depicted in either a male or female
24:41form. And, accordingly, the name Attar
24:45transformed into Ashtar or Ishtar, that
24:48is, the name of Venus. But
24:50gender-switching by deities is not such
24:52a rare occurrence in mythology,
24:54especially Semitic. Moving on. One of
24:57the most frequent characters in various
25:00tales, legends, and myths is the
25:02blacksmith. He constantly fights
25:04against evil forces, fiends, devils,
25:07and demons. In Ugaritic mythology, such
25:09a blacksmith, as well as a craftsman
25:12god, went by the name Kothar-wa-Khasis.
25:15One day, the god Ilu summoned Kothar
25:17and ordered him to build a palace for
25:19his favorite, the god Yamu. The fact is
25:23that the god Yamu, or Yam, was the lord
25:25of the seas and rivers, which is why he
25:27was officially worshipped in Ugarit.
25:32And since the supreme god Ilu lives at
25:34the source of the two oceans, Yamu
25:36becomes his favorite. So Ilu forces the
25:41blacksmith god to build a palace for
25:43Yamu. But Kothar-wa-Khasis does not
25:47wish to do so, as he supports Yamu's
25:49rival, the god Baal. This motive of
25:53building a palace later entered
25:55Christian sacred texts as the story of
25:57the construction of King Solomon's
25:59palace by Hiram Abiff. As I have
26:02already suggested earlier, a palace is
26:04a symbol of the celestial system, where
26:06the blacksmith or craftsman god is the
26:09archetype of the North Star.
26:11Accordingly, if Yamu, the god of watery
26:13chaos, dreamed of erecting a palace for
26:15himself, there is a probability that a
26:18black hole was meant to appear at the
26:20center of the world. But the craftsman
26:23god was on the side of the light god
26:25Baal. And when Baal appealed
26:28unsuccessfully to Ilu, and later openly
26:31spoke out against Yamu at the assembly
26:33of the gods, the craftsman god Kothar
26:36forged two miraculous clubs for him,
26:38Yagrush and Aymur, with which Baal
26:40defeated evil. Some scholars suggest
26:45that the ancient Greek god Hephaestus
26:47is hidden behind the guise of
26:49Kothar-wa-Khasis, and in the Egyptian
26:51version, he is the equivalent of the
26:53god Ptah. The point is that later in
26:57the Ugaritic myths, Kothar builds a
26:59palace for Baal out of gold, silver,
27:01and cedar, and also makes a window
27:03through which Baal's rains can fall.
27:08And thus, the smith god was called the
27:10one who opens a window for Baal. At the
27:13same time, in the Egyptian language,
27:16the name of the god Ptah corresponded
27:18to the Semitic root PT, meaning to open
27:20. Mongolian legends also point to a
27:24connection between many divine smiths
27:26and either a stone or a well lid that
27:29lock and unlock celestial waters.
27:32Therefore, it is quite possible that
27:34Kothar-wa-Khasis is that very mythical
27:37smith who fights against demons and
27:39devils, the servants of the wicked Yamm
27:41. Now let us recall what I said about
27:44the struggle of the god El with the
27:46serpent. According to Ugaritic texts,
27:49Lotan is a serpent god. Personifying
27:52primordial chaos, whom Baal defeats.
27:57Lotan is the prototype of the Leviathan
27:59in the Bible, and Yamm, the god of the
28:01sea and chaos, was sometimes identified
28:04with this very Lotan. And so it seems
28:08that either one myth was superimposed
28:10on another, or we are talking about
28:12different serpents, since in the second
28:14case, this serpent, that is the god
28:16Yamm, is a favorite of the supreme god
28:19El. He surely could not have been
28:22fighting his own favorite. According to
28:24the main version of the myth, El and
28:26his wife stand above all gods and do
28:28not rule the world directly. Governance
28:32happens at a lower level, and,
28:34strangely enough, two factions are
28:36fighting for the right to rule the
28:38world. The first consists of the gods
28:41Yamm, Attar, and Mot. The second
28:44includes Baal, Anat, Kothar-wa-Khasis,
28:47and Shapash. And they are constantly
28:50battling for the right to govern the
28:51world and people. A motif that in
28:54Greece and Rome takes on the name of
28:56the war of the gods. Yamm, as mentioned
28:59above, is the god of the sea and the
29:01watery element. At the same time, he is
29:04also called the river judge. And this,
29:07again, points to his similarity to the
29:09Hindu Yama and the Turkic Erlik, who
29:11judge the souls of the dead. Yamm also
29:15represented for the Ugaritians the
29:17embodiment of world chaos, that is,
29:19disorder. It is obvious that this is
29:22one of the opposing world forces. Mot
29:25is the god of death, whose one lip
29:27reaches the heavens and the other the
29:29earth. And his tongue touches the stars
29:32. If someone, for example God's
29:34messengers, approached him, he could
29:37swallow them. He generally consumes
29:39everything that is around him. Thus,
29:42this character is very similar to the
29:45description of a black hole, since Mot
29:47kills not only people but also gods.
29:50And only a black hole is capable of
29:52consuming planets and stars. But
29:55scholars have a problem with defining
29:57Attar. This is one of the most
29:59mysterious deities in Ugaritic
30:01mythology. It is possible that he is
30:03the male hypostasis of Astarte, as well
30:05as a god of the desert and sterility.
30:08But at the same time, in the Sabaean
30:10Kingdom, he was revered as a patron god
30:12. Most interesting is his hypostasis
30:14under the name Attar-Sharkan. Sharkan
30:17or sarkan is nothing more than a dragon
30:20. And the dragon is an ancient
30:23constellation that revolves around the
30:25north celestial pole and the Pole Star.
30:28The dragon is a participant in many
30:30myths and legends, for it guards
30:32heavenly treasures or sacred fruits.
30:36According to the Ugaritic myth, when
30:38Baal was wounded by Mot's spear, he
30:40feared the fearsome god and agreed to
30:42become his slave. Then Mot kills Baal,
30:45and the position of king of the earth
30:47becomes vacant. Baal's wife, with the
30:50help of the sun goddess Shapash, finds
30:53her husband's body and takes it to
30:55Mount Zaphon, where she buries him.
30:58Then she goes to the supreme god El and
31:00his wife and tries to reproach them for
31:02Baal's death. But El and Asherah decide
31:06that someone else should become the new
31:08king of the earth. So, they appoint
31:11Athtar as king. After all, he is
31:13submissive to the gods, but towards
31:15people, he commits violence. Such a
31:18king suits El and his wife very well.
31:21And this circumstance shows us once
31:23again that the supreme god El did not
31:25care at all about the fate of humanity.
31:28It did not interest him much at all. So
31:31, Athtar sits on the throne of the
31:33world, but it turns out to be too big
31:35for him. Athtar looks very ridiculous
31:38on the throne. This plot, if we assume
31:42that Athtar-Šarkan is the
31:44constellation of the Dragon, might hint
31:46that the Polestar was once one of the
31:48stars of the dragon, namely the star
31:50Thuban, which means serpent. And the
31:56death of Baal and his subsequent
31:58resurrection on Mount Zaphon, when his
32:00wife Anat killed and cut the god Mot
32:02into pieces, remind us of other legends
32:05about a dying and rising god, for
32:07example, Shamash or Osiris. Thus, Baal,
32:11by resurrecting, defeats the serpent
32:13dragon Athtar-Šarkan. And in general,
32:17this whole trio of Baal's opponents,
32:20represented by Yamm, Mot, and Athtar,
32:22hinders only one thing: the celestial
32:25order or the stability of the solar
32:27system. Another distinctive feature of
32:31Ugaritic myths was that the bright god
32:33Baal was not the son of the supreme god
32:35El. The Philistines who came to the
32:39Palestinian land considered the father
32:41of Baal to be the god Dagan or Dagon.
32:44And it was Dagon who was their supreme
32:46god. There is, of course, a great
32:49temptation here to identify Dagon with
32:51Saturn. Dagon was depicted as half-man,
32:54half-fish, and this hints at a
32:56connection with the Hindu Manu or the
32:58Slavic Kroda, also known as
33:00Cronus-Saturn. But the ancient author
33:03Philo of Byblos compared Dagon not with
33:06Cronus, that is, with Saturn, but with
33:09Chronos, the god of time, who himself
33:11gives birth to ether, chaos, and
33:13darkness, or fire, air, and water.
33:16Therefore, let us leave Baal's father
33:18and return to other deities. Especially
33:21since there is a possibility that Dagon
33:23and El are one and the same person. I
33:26made a separate video about the god
33:28Balu or Baal titled "The Mystery of
33:30Baal." In my opinion, Baal or Bel is
33:34the sun. Although in the mentioned
33:36religions, solar deities are embodied
33:38in separate characters. Nevertheless,
33:40in Ugarit, it was believed that Ba'al
33:43rode upon the clouds, his voice was the
33:45thunder, and his weapon was lightning
33:47or a writhing spear. Ba'al himself
33:49resides on Mount Tsapan or Tsaphon,
33:51which links him to the description of
33:54Ahura Mazda. After all, both lived on
33:57the summit of the world, which were
33:59Mount Tsaphon, Sumeru, or Meru. But
34:03again, there is an important difference
34:05between Ugaritic mythology and
34:07Zoroastrianism. Ba'al is not
34:09subordinate to the supreme god El. He
34:12is constantly in conflict with him. El
34:14tries in every way to undermine Ba'al
34:16and deprive him of his kingdom. He even
34:19sends his wife to seduce Ba'al. That is
34:22, in essence, the fate of the earth and
34:24humanity is not important to El. He
34:26would be happy if the whole system
34:28collapsed, and the world were ruled by
34:30Mot, the god of death, or Yam, the god
34:32of the underworld or the ocean. And yet
34:35it was the god El, El Eloah, who later
34:38transformed into the Islamic Allah and
34:40the Christian God the Father. Such is
34:43the Ugaritic phenomenon. It turns out
34:46that it is exclusively Ba'al who
34:48worries about the fate of people on
34:49earth. You might think that El is not
34:52at all the God the Father that exists
34:54in Christianity. But no, it is El who
34:58can send prophecies to people, either
35:00himself or through angels. And often it
35:03is Ba'al himself who conveys the will
35:05of El to the people and defends them
35:07before the Supreme God. So, this very
35:11God was the archetype for God the
35:13Father in Christianity. Here I must
35:16also voice another opinion. In
35:18Tsirkin's book, there is such a
35:20hypothesis. Quote: "The King of Alalakh
35:23, one of the states of Northern Syria
35:26and Idrimi, in the second half of the
35:2815th century BC calls the sky the main
35:30god, accompanied by other gods of sky
35:33and earth." End of quote. Some scholars
35:37believe that El is merely the son of
35:40the sky god, and the sky itself is an
35:42analogue of the ancient Greek god
35:44Uranus. Thus, Al-ilah is the supreme
35:49heavenly God, who is above El and Ba'al
35:51. Perhaps, but then what are we to do
35:55with El the father and the spirit that
35:57hovered over the chaos? In general, the
35:59question is interesting and
36:01controversial. Another important
36:03character in Ugaritic myths is Ba'al's
36:05wife or sister, Anat. Anat or Anatu is
36:09the goddess of springs. She is
36:11simultaneously both a mother and a
36:13virgin. She bore a son from Ba'al,
36:16Amurru, who became the progenitor of
36:18the Amorites. Although this goddess was
36:21a goddess of fertility, at the same
36:23time she was very warlike and cruel. In
36:26particular, there is an account of an
36:28incident where Anat destroys people in
36:30a rage. And afterwards, having returned
36:33home, she smashes all the furniture in
36:35a fit of fury. And thus she is very
36:38similar to the fierce Hindu goddess
36:40Kali. Although in other sources her
36:43image is undoubtedly connected with the
36:45Moon. And here I simply cannot avoid
36:48the question regarding the Jewish god
36:50Yahweh. I believe it is precisely in
36:54Ugaritic-Phoenician mythology that we
36:56must look for the moment when Yahweh
36:58replaced Baal and El. I will provide a
37:02few quotes from different sources.
37:04Anat-Yahu is mentioned in the
37:06Elephantine papyri among the deities
37:08worshipped by the Jews of Elephantine.
37:12Given that the chief deity of the
37:14Elephantine Jews' pantheon was
37:16Yahweh-Yahu, it is assumed that Anat
37:18could have been considered his consort,
37:20which completely contradicts the Old
37:23Testament, where the almighty creator
37:25hated any idols of deities created by
37:27people. Furthermore, in the opinion of
37:32some researchers, during the transition
37:34to monotheism, the ancient Jews
37:36considered Yahweh the only god, yet one
37:39having a consort. According to some
37:42sources, for example the Elephantine
37:45papyri, she was Anat, according to
37:47others, Asherah. The Old Testament
37:50mentions the ancient Jews 'worship of
37:52the Queen of Heaven, against which the
37:54prophet Jeremiah fought. Among the
37:58Phoenicians, he was known by the name
38:00Yau and in the Bible by the name Yehu
38:02or Yehaweh. He was responsible for the
38:06sea element and was considered the
38:08patron of the city of Beirut, where
38:10texts dedicated to Yau were discovered,
38:13undoubtedly created under the influence
38:15of myths about Baal-Hadad, the storm
38:17god, son of the Ugaritic El. The name
38:21of the latter passed into Hebrew in a
38:23common noun form meaning God. And the
38:26functions of El were absorbed by Yahweh
38:28. In Palestine, he was considered the
38:31patron of the ancient Israelite tribal
38:33union and, likely, the patron of Edom.
38:36He fights against Yam, the sea, and
38:39Leviathan and wins the victory. In
38:42Ugarit and Canaan, Yau was called by
38:45the name Yam, the sea god defeated in
38:47the struggle with Baal. Furthermore, in
38:52Ugaritic ritual prayers, Yau was
38:54identified with El or called the son of
38:56El. It is assumed that in the general
39:00West Semitic pantheon, Yau was the
39:02master of the water element. Possibly,
39:05he corresponds to the god Ea in
39:07Sumerian-Akkadian mythology. And also
39:10in the Bible, Baal is one of Yahweh's
39:12main rivals. In Carthage, he was
39:15worshipped as Baal-Hammon, and in Tyre
39:17as Melqart. Gideon destroyed his altar,
39:20for which he received the name
39:21Jerubbaal. Let Baal contend. The cult
39:24of Baal-Melqart was fostered in Israel
39:27by Jezebel, the wife of King Ahab. And
39:29the prophet Elijah competed with his
39:31priests on Mount Carmel. Mount Zion is
39:34identified with Zaphon. The Psalmist
39:36claims that the thirst of all nations
39:39for a place on earth where one can
39:41experience the presence of God is
39:42fulfilled in Mount Zion, the true
39:44Zaphon. Baal is deposed from the throne
39:48, and Yahweh took his place. Perhaps
39:50the most remarkable case of identifying
39:53Zion with the cosmic mountain of
39:55assembly is Psalm 48: 3, where Zion,
39:57the sacred mountain of Yahweh, is
39:59called the far north. End of quote. So,
40:02what do we have? Baal and Yahweh are
40:05unambiguously rivals. If Baal-Hammon
40:08and Melqart are one and the same, then
40:11we understand that Melqart, aka
40:13Heracles, is unambiguously the sun.
40:16Especially since the dwelling place of
40:18God is directly indicated, the world
40:20mountain Zaphon or Tsapanu. It is
40:23stated directly that Yahweh threw Baal
40:25off the throne. And at the same time,
40:27there is a connection between Yahweh
40:29and Yam. More detailed texts state that
40:33the name Yahweh first appears in texts
40:35no earlier than 1200 BC. However,
40:40Yahweh does not specifically appear in
40:42West Semitic sources. This deity came
40:45to the West Semitic peoples from the
40:47outside. At one time, the cult of Baal
40:50and the cult of Yahweh existed hand in
40:52hand. Yahweh himself is described in
40:56the Psalms as one of the sons of the
40:58god El. Then he becomes the greatest of
41:01the sons, and later absorbs the
41:03functions of the supreme god Ilu
41:05himself. Here is another interesting
41:08point. All the great gods of antiquity
41:11have epic stories about their battles
41:13with enemies. Both Baal and the
41:16Sumerian Marduk have such epics, but
41:19Yahweh does not. However, the Old
41:22Testament contains some of the stories
41:25that are found in Ugaritic, Sumerian,
41:27and other epics. This may indicate that
41:31Yahweh is the result of a synthesis of
41:33several pagan gods. There is also a
41:37version that the Edomite god Qos, which
41:39means bow, is a double of Yahweh or one
41:42of his hypostases. And this could point
41:45to the solar nature of the deity. After
41:48all, a bow is primarily a symbol of a
41:50rainbow. Scientists still cannot say
41:53for sure which pagan god is the
41:55prototype of Yahweh. But they have
42:00found plenty of evidence that, by
42:02toppling Baal from the world mountain,
42:04Yahweh absorbed not only his attributes
42:06but also many functions of the supreme
42:08god Ilu or El. And when Jewish texts
42:13were finally codified as the Old
42:15Testament, the place of the Supreme God
42:17already belonged to Yahweh. Although,
42:21if you read the whole Bible, you will
42:23constantly encounter repetitions and
42:25contradictions. And the roles of God
42:27the Father and his son will be
42:29constantly intertwined. But in Ugaritic
42:32mythology, the roles are clearly
42:34defined. Ilu and his consort are the
42:37lawmakers, and worldly affairs are
42:39ruled by Baal, who is constantly
42:41hindered by the enemies of the demonic
42:43world. It is clear that many Ugaritic
42:46gods could not make it into the Old
42:47Testament. For example, the
42:49aforementioned goddess Shapash or
42:51Shapashu personified the sun in Ugarit.
42:55Compare her description with the
42:56characteristics of Baal and the Greek
42:58Apollo. Shapashu was considered a great
43:01mistress. All the stars in the sky were
43:04considered her host. She connected
43:06heaven with earth. When necessary,
43:08Shapashu conveys the will of the
43:11supreme god Ilu to all the other gods.
43:13She lives in the east and travels from
43:15there to the west. When she is in the
43:19underworld at night, she communicates
43:21with the world of the dead, which
43:22allows her to be a source of secret
43:24divination and prophecy. That is, in
43:28this description of the goddess
43:30Shapashu, we see both the oracle of
43:32Apollo and Sabaoth, the Lord of the
43:34Heavenly Host. Here is another example
43:37of the elimination of Ugaritic deities
43:39by monotheism. In the pre-Islamic era,
43:42the Arabs venerated three daughters of
43:44Allah. Allat, Al-Uzza, and Manat.
43:48Compare the name Al-Lat with the title
43:50of Ilu's wife, which sounded like Ilatu
43:53, meaning simply "goddess." Al-Lat is
43:56also a goddess in translation from
43:59Arabic, but in Ugarit, the god Baal had
44:01three daughters: Pidray, Tallay, and
44:04Arsay, who symbolized, respectively,
44:07heavenly dew, divine light, and the
44:09fruitful earth. It is clear that in
44:14later times, both in the Arab religion
44:16and among the Jews, these characters
44:18dissolved into a single deity and
44:20ceased to be worshipped separately, as
44:22the new religions were exclusively
44:24patriarchal, and the role of women in
44:26them became very insignificant. Next,
44:30despite the fact that we have already
44:32mentioned the god of death Mot and the
44:34master of the subterranean ocean Yam,
44:36there was another god of evil in Ugarit
44:38named Rashapu. Among the Semites, he
44:41also had the name Resheph, which means
44:43lightning or flame. Since his consort
44:46was also Baal's wife Anat, one can
44:48assume that a formidable hypostasis of
44:50a solar deity was hidden under the
44:53guise of Resheph. After all, Resheph is
44:55, first and foremost, a destroyer, a
44:58god of war who sends down plagues. In
45:00other religions, he was correlated with
45:03Nergal, the lord of the underworld, or
45:05with Apollo, striking with his arrows.
45:08Rashapu likewise struck down people on
45:10earth with his bow. In addition to the
45:14main gods, like many other peoples, the
45:16Phoenicians and Amorites knew of the
45:18existence of minor spirits living
45:20between heaven and earth. Among them,
45:23as usual, were both evil and good
45:25spirits. Therefore, the attitude toward
45:28them varied, from worship and
45:30sacrifices to fear. So, we have
45:33examined the most important gods
45:35primarily worshipped in Ugarit. When
45:39Ugarit was destroyed, some of these
45:41deities remained in Phoenicia, some
45:43disappeared, and some acquired a less
45:45significant status. This means that the
45:48evolution of religion was constantly
45:50occurring in this region. The names of
45:52the deities also changed. Ilu became El
45:55, and Balu became Baal. The role of El
45:57in Phoenicia noticeably declined. Baal
46:00Shamin took his place. Shamin means sky
46:03. It was he who began to be worshipped
46:05as the supreme God. And this
46:07circumstance may explain what I said
46:09earlier about Yahweh. Many researchers
46:13say that Yahweh could not have been Yam
46:15or Yamm, because Yahweh is a god of
46:17thunderstorms, storms, and wind. But in
46:21Phoenicia, the aforementioned Baal
46:23Shamin, who came to be worshipped more
46:25than the god El, was considered a
46:27patron of seafaring, that is, he was
46:29connected to the sea. It is possible
46:32that this is the very moment when
46:34Yahweh, under the name Baalshamin,
46:36replaced the god El. And in his
46:38entourage appeared the moon god Aglibol
46:41and the sun god Malak Bel. Malak means
46:43king, and the title Bel is already
46:45known to us. Thus, this is one more
46:48fact to add to the argument that Yahweh
46:50could initially have been the god of
46:52the subterranean ocean, Yam. If so, it
46:56becomes clear why the Jewish Yahweh has
46:58so much anger toward people. But this
47:01is just a hypothesis. Although, here is
47:04another excerpt from Tsirkin's book,
47:07quote: "The veneration of Baal-Shamem
47:09penetrates into Egypt as well, and
47:11Pharaoh Ramesses II says that his heart
47:13trembled like Baal in the heavens." In
47:17Egypt, they revered Baal,
47:19distinguishing him from Baal-Zephon,
47:22Baal-Zaphon, and identifying him with
47:24their god Seth. End of quote. I
47:27understand that it can be confusing,
47:29but let's break it down again. In Egypt
47:32, the two gods Horus and Seth were
47:34adversaries. Horus is the sun; Seth is
47:37the god of evil and the desert.
47:42Accordingly, if the author writes that
47:44the Egyptians distinguished Baal from
47:47Baal-Zephon and compared the former to
47:49their Seth, then it means they are a
47:51dualistic pair similar to Ahura Mazda
47:54and Ahriman, Ulgen and Erlik, Yen and
47:56Omael. That is, Jesus Christ and Satan.
48:02And essentially, if Baal-Zephon
48:04defeated Seth and took his place, then
48:07today he is the one who became the
48:09supreme god of the Jews. However, I
48:12came to the same conclusion a long time
48:14ago when I made several videos about
48:16Yahweh himself. Moving on. One cannot
48:19fail to mention one of the most
48:21important and revered goddesses of
48:23Phoenicia. If in Ugarit it was Anat,
48:25the wife and sister of Baal, as well as
48:27Yahweh, then among the Phoenicians this
48:29role was filled by Astarte. This is the
48:33same mother and maiden who had the name
48:35Ishtar among the Sumerians. She was
48:38worshiped by very many peoples, from
48:40Syrians and Palestinians to Egyptians.
48:43Phoenicia, in general, was entirely
48:45dedicated to this goddess. Family and
48:48childbirth, marriage and order. This is
48:51what Astarte patronized. Furthermore,
48:53Venus was implied under Astarte.
48:56Sometimes she was considered a moon
48:58goddess, although the Phoenicians had a
49:00separate lunar deity. But, in all
49:02likelihood, the name Astarte is
49:04connected to stars in general. And thus
49:08she acquires the title of supreme
49:10goddess, managing all the affairs of
49:12the Universe, from the stars to human
49:14health. It is possible that this
49:17transformation is linked to Astarte
49:19being endowed with the functions of the
49:21second wife of the supreme god El. When
49:25the Jews began to implement the idea of
49:27monotheism, it was the cults of Astarte
49:29and Baal that were subjected to the
49:31harshest eradication. After all,
49:35according to some myths, Astarte bore
49:37seven daughters to the god El, among
49:39whom was Tanit, the goddess of the Moon
49:42, who later began to push her mother
49:44Astarte off the throne. Separately, it
49:47must be said that the symbol of Astarte
49:49in antiquity was an unhewn stone. It
49:52was precisely such a stone that was
49:54once revered by pre-Islamic Arabs. And
49:57according to some reports, it was
49:59precisely Venus and Baal under the name
50:01Hubal, which means "good god," that the
50:03Arab tribes worshiped in the original
50:06Kaaba. Many viewers know that an
50:09aerolite stone in a frame of a certain
50:11shape is mounted in the corner of the
50:13Kaaba. So, Astarte's daughter Tanit was
50:17very often depicted as a rhombus, as a
50:20figure associated with birth and growth
50:22. That is, it is a symbol of the yoni.
50:26Another significant deity of Phoenicia
50:28became Baal-Hammon. We have already
50:30talked about him several times. He also
50:33absorbed the functions of various gods.
50:35Baal-Hammon is both the sun, the lord
50:37of the underworld, and the protector of
50:40the earth. In principle, he is another
50:43candidate for the role of the later
50:45Yahweh, who at a certain point turned
50:47into Zeus Ammon. There were other gods
50:51in Phoenicia, whom you can learn about
50:53on your own by reading Yuli Tsirkin’s
50:55book. And at the end of our story, I
50:59would like to turn once again to
51:01Cosmogony. Next is a quote from
51:03Tsirkin’s book. Wind Kolpi and his
51:06wife Baau gave birth to Aeon and
51:08Protogonus. These were the first mortal
51:11humans. They felt hungry. And then Aeon
51:15devised a way to gather food from trees
51:17. They had a son and a daughter who
51:20settled in Phoenicia. These first
51:23settlers on the Phoenician coast also
51:25became the first sun worshipers. They
51:28called him Baal-Shamem, that is, the
51:31lord of the heavens. The other children
51:33of Aeon and Protogonus were light, fire
51:36, and flame. They were the first to rub
51:39pieces of wood together and thereby
51:41kindle fire. Later, when other mortal
51:45humans appeared, they taught them how
51:47to do all this. At that time, there
51:50were already many women on Earth.
51:53Marriage did not exist then. Men and
51:56women loved each other freely. End of
51:59quote. In this continuation of
52:01Phoenician cosmogony, we already see
52:03hints of Gnostic teaching. And how
52:05could it be otherwise? If the Old
52:07Testament itself and, accordingly, the
52:09first sprouts of Judaism emerged from
52:12Phoenician soil, then Gnostic teaching
52:14could not have appeared from nowhere.
52:17Its echoes must be sought in the same
52:19place. Therefore, Aeon, the female
52:22hypostasis, and Protogonus can be
52:24viewed as prototypes of the Gnostic
52:27Aeon Sophia and her son Yaldabaoth, the
52:29demiurge of our universe. Here is what
52:33is said about him in the Orphic hymn.
52:36Quote: "O Protogonus, two-natured,
52:38great, soaring through the ether, you
52:40were born from a golden egg,
52:42golden-winged race, bellowing like a
52:44bull, announcing to the world, blissful
52:47progenitor of mountain gods and
52:49yearning mortals whose lives are finite
52:51. Wondrous seed, sprouted from strong,
52:54abundant offspring. Ericapaeus, rushing
52:57with a whistle? cutting through the
52:59ether. Ineffable, heating the black
53:02cloud with a storm, an eternal wanderer
53:04who, with the beating of his wings,
53:06brings down to earth tangible light,
53:08and for that is called the immaculate
53:10Phanes. End of quote. So, the Phanes
53:14mentioned in the hymn is the demiurge
53:16deity in Orphic cosmogony. He is
53:19four-eyed, with golden wings, with a
53:21snake on his head, and with phallus on
53:23his backside. He roars like a lion and
53:26lows like a bull. It was Phanes who was
53:28called Protogonus, that is, the
53:30firstborn or primogenital son. It is
53:34Phanes who is the creator and king of
53:36all gods and the first people. Then he
53:39passes power to the sun, and only later
53:41does Zeus absorb the power of
53:43Protogonus and create the world. Why
53:46does Zeus come after Protogonus?
53:49Because Protogonus himself, in the
53:51opinion of ancient writers, is not the
53:53universe, but only a paradigm or a
53:55model for all universes and the cosmos.
53:58And a couple more variations of the
54:00creation of the world. Quote. But the
54:02people of Sidon told the story of the
54:04beginning of the universe a little
54:06differently. At the beginning of all
54:08things were time, passion, and a cloud.
54:11Passion and the cloud fell in love, and
54:13from them were born air and breath. And
54:16from them, the world egg came into
54:18existence. When this egg split open,
54:21its upper part became the sky, and the
54:23lower part the earth. But some thought
54:26otherwise. Before the world, they said,
54:30there existed ether and air. From them
54:33was born Ulom, meaning the age, the
54:35embodiment of all-consuming time. But
54:37sometimes it was said that two winds
54:40were born first: the south and the
54:42north, and only then Ulom. The
54:44offspring of Ulom were Husor and the
54:46world egg. Husor split the egg and from
54:50its upper half created the sky, and
54:51from the lower half the earth. There is
54:54another story as well. In the beginning
54:57of all things was the eternal sea,
54:59which apparently rose like a dome. And
55:02this sea first of all gave birth to
55:04Husor. Husor was a mountain, the
55:06embodiment of dry land. From the
55:08mountain, a world river began to flow,
55:11the Great Euphrates. And on the summit
55:13of the mountain grew a mighty cedar,
55:15the world tree. After this, the sea
55:18brought forth seven eggs, from which
55:20seven gods came into the world. One of
55:23them dove into the sea and emerged from
55:25it again as fast as an arrow. And that
55:27is why people later called him the
55:29arrow. This was the god Resheph, who in
55:32Ugarit was also called the lord of
55:34arrows. Other gods were the bow, the
55:37lightning, and the wreath. There was
55:39also another god by the name of day and
55:41night, or otherwise, the 24-hour cycle.
55:43And in this series of deities, sprung
55:46from the seven eggs produced by the sea
55:48, were also the lady of the world and a
55:50youth, two cosmic beings, the first
55:52pair in the world. After this, the
55:56wreath descended upon the sea, and it
55:58became flat. And then all these gods
56:02created the world that exists today,
56:04and the sea is still the supreme god.
56:08End of quote. So, in summary, we can
56:11assume that if the Ugaritic and
56:13Phoenician myths are not the prototype
56:15for many religions of neighboring
56:17peoples, such as the Jews, Egyptians,
56:19Greeks, Persians, and Romans, then at
56:22the very least they appeared no later
56:24than the latter. In the provided
56:27passages, one can easily find motifs
56:29from the Bible, ancient Greek myths,
56:31and myths of the peoples of Europe and
56:33Asia. That same god Resheph, who dives
56:36to the bottom of the sea, immediately
56:39reminds us of the story of the two duck
56:41gods, one of which dove to the bottom
56:43of the sea in search of Earth. Under
56:45the symbols of the lightning, the bow,
56:48and the wreath, most likely lie Zeus,
56:50Apollo, and Ouroboros or the God Amun.
56:53Ether, chaos, the world egg, and the
56:55world ocean are generally an integral
56:58part of all world religion. Therefore,
57:02I am not asserting it, but it is very
57:04possible that a large part of the Old
57:06Testament was written using Phoenician
57:08and Ugaritic mythology. And the Judean
57:12god, whose name must not be spoken, was
57:15once a rival of the god Baal, the lord
57:17of the subterranean ocean or, as stated
57:20above, simply the sea. And having
57:23concluded a covenant with the Jews, he
57:25destroyed the cult of Baal, Astarte,
57:28and the supreme god El. absorbing their
57:31characteristics and functions. That is
57:34how we got the Christian god Yahweh.
57:37However, I could be wrong. That is all
57:39for now. Be sure to write your thoughts
57:42in the comments, and criticize using
57:44counterarguments. I wholeheartedly
57:46thank the viewers who donate to the
57:48life and development of the channel.
57:50The card number for donations is under
57:52the video. I wish all my viewers health
57:55, strength, and peace of mind. All the
57:58best and see you again on the channel,
58:00Lemky Dwarf.

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