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الصلب والترائب؛ بين العلم والدين والأصول التاريخية — Transcript

by الأحيائي · 3,960 words · 627 segments · language en · Watch on YouTube

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0:00It emerges from between the backbone
0:02and the ribs
0:03>> It emerges from between the backbone
0:04and the ribs
0:06>> It emerges from between the backbone
0:08and the ribs, it emerges from between
0:10the backbone and the ribs
0:15>> Created from fluid Gushing, it emerges
0:21from between the backbone and the ribs
0:28>> One of the topics that is almost always
0:30mentioned in any religious debate is
0:31the issue of the backbone and the ribs.
0:33The stance here, often from the
0:35irreligious side, is one of rejection
0:37and criticism of the verse, claiming
0:38that the Quran is in error. We cannot
0:40deny that the subject has been
0:42exhausted in discussion; those leading
0:43the discourse and others have debated
0:45the matter to death, yet many people
0:47remain confused and feel there is no
0:48final solution. And many questions come
0:50to their minds. Did the Quran actually
0:52make a mistake? Or is this an aspect of
0:54its miraculous nature? And have the
0:56critics been wrong all this time? And
0:57so we can weigh in. I have personally
0:59researched these claims, looking into
1:01various sources. This video, in
1:03particular, will be one of those where
1:05we cite the most sources, and they will
1:07all be placed in a pinned message on
1:08the Telegram channel, in addition to
1:10the videos used. Before we begin the
1:13video, and to do the matter justice,
1:15the video will be divided into several
1:17parts, distributed between the
1:18historical origins of the claim, the
1:20provided interpretations, the
1:21scientific detail, and the responses
1:23presented. We will also try to identify
1:26the errors present in the responses as
1:28well as in the claims themselves, and I
1:30have personally decided that the final
1:32part of the video should be a simple
1:33linguistic appendix. In which we
1:35include the most important terms that
1:37will arise. And what are the problems
1:39associated with these terms. Of course,
1:44to begin the historical story, we must
1:45set the scene. For diving into the
1:47history of a certain thing, there must
1:49be fundamentals. Because nothing came
1:50out of nothing. No civilization was
1:52built from the ground up. And no book
1:54was written without pages. Every event
1:56you see has origins. And is preceded by
1:58historical traces. Here, we must look
2:00at the cultural state of the world
2:02before Islam. Was the world cut off and
2:04isolated from information, consisting
2:06of ignorant people scattered around the
2:08world? In truth, the perception that
2:10the world consisted of isolated
2:12civilizations is a perception that is
2:13furthest from reality. The world was
2:16interconnected through trade; ships
2:17would leave India and head across the
2:19oceans to the Middle East. And then to
2:21the Levant. And afterward to Europe and
2:23the rest of the world. And caravans
2:25traveled from China to the Middle East.
2:27They also crossed trade routes. And
2:29through these routes, things other than
2:31goods were also transported, namely
2:33information. Caravans and ships carried
2:35ideas and sciences from one country to
2:37another in the ancient world. It was
2:39not a matter of. Civilizations isolated
2:41from one another, but rather it was
2:43interconnected, perhaps more than we
2:44could imagine. I recommend this video
2:47on the screen, which will be placed in
2:48the sources section, and now let's come
2:50to the beginning of the story. Our
2:52story starts from a land where
2:54civilizations walked. And it was the
2:56origin of many ancient medical sciences
2:58. The Egyptian civilization is
2:59considered one of the oldest
3:00civilizations that cared about issues
3:02of reproduction. And childbearing,
3:04maternal care, and health. Many of
3:06these sciences and information were
3:08written on the walls of Egyptian tombs
3:10and temples. Among the topics discussed
3:13was the issue of sexual fluids, as we
3:15see that the Egyptians believed in
3:17several stories about the formation of
3:19body fluids, including their belief
3:20that these fluids were a product of the
3:23body, involving a group of organs such
3:25as the spinal cord, bones, and the
3:26vertebral column specifically. We see
3:29this in many texts, including the
3:31Pyramid Texts. We see mentions of a
3:33close relationship between semen and
3:35the bones. Some studies suggest this is
3:38due to their deep study of ox anatomy.
3:40They assumed that the back or the spine
3:43is what produces semen. And this idea
3:45will not remain in one place. Rather,
3:47it will spread throughout the region.
3:48Because civilizations were not isolated
3:50from one another. And it will. Reach
3:52the idea and similar versions of it to
3:54various civilizations and cultures. If
3:57we head north on the map, specifically
3:59to ancient Greece, a number of
4:00philosophers will emerge as stars. The
4:03stars of the Greek story are the
4:05philosophers Alcmaeon, Plato, and
4:07Hippocrates. Two theories emerge with
4:09them, which are the most famous
4:11regarding the manufacturing of semen.
4:14Alcmaeon, who lived 500 years before
4:16Christ, is cited as the first
4:17philosopher mentioned by name to adopt
4:20a theory similar to the Egyptian one.
4:23He says that semen is the result of the
4:25functions of a group of organs such as
4:27the brain and the spinal cord. He saw
4:30the spine as a transport channel, and
4:32the nerves also functioned as a
4:34transport channel for these sexual
4:36fluids, which he observed—he observed
4:38a group of fluids inside the spine and
4:40assumed that semen comes from them.
4:43Then Plato came and followed what was
4:45mentioned. And as Plato says in his
4:47book. This theory is very similar to
4:49what the ancient Egyptians saw. And of
4:52course, many studies mention the
4:53influence of the Greeks and later the
4:55Romans on the Egyptians. And their
4:57medical and scientific ideas, including
4:59their thoughts on semen. The
5:00disagreement later came from the third
5:03star we mentioned. Hippocrates, who
5:05adopted a contrary theory, stating that
5:07the whole body participates. In the
5:09process, semen is like seeds. Which are
5:12taken from the entire body. For this
5:13reason, all organs are formed as a
5:15result of the sexual act. And this is
5:17according to their interpretation.
5:19Later on, it was developed to claim
5:21that blood is what produces semen. So
5:24notice, my friend, that the ancient
5:25Egyptian theory and research were very
5:27popular. And keep two things in mind.
5:29First, I am using the word "theory"
5:31here loosely, far from the scientific
5:33meaning. Second, this work is entirely
5:36individual work by Isaac, the speaker.
5:38In case any errors appear, or if you
5:40see you have additional information or
5:41an extra source, I hope you write it in
5:43the comments. And your comment will be
5:45pinned. And now, let’s continue the
5:47story in the Arab world. However, we
5:48will face a problem that we must point
5:50out, which is that the Arab heritage
5:51has a type of. Vagueness and lack of
5:54documentation, and we can attribute
5:55this to the fact that they transmitted
5:57news and information orally and rarely
5:59wrote things down. But at the same time
6:02, we can form an image of the prevalent
6:04thought by reading Arabic poetry that
6:06mentioned these topics, even if through
6:08rhetorical allusions. For example, the
6:10poet Yazid ibn Sinan, an Arab poet who
6:12lived before Islam, says: "I am a man
6:14from the loins of Qais." Likewise,
6:16Al-Abbas, the Prophet’s uncle, says
6:18in a poem praising Muhammad. "You were
6:21transferred from loins to a womb." And
6:22the intended meaning of Al-Abbas's poem
6:24, if you return to the full poem, is
6:25that the Prophet. Is a pure human from
6:27a pure drop that was transferred from
6:29the loins of prophets to the wombs of
6:31their wives. These poems were mentioned
6:33in Ibn Manzur’s book in the
6:35definition of the word "loins"(al-sulb)
6:37. According to Ibn Manzur, the "sulb"
6:39means the back and the bones of the
6:41back. So the Arabs before Islam saw
6:43that there was a relationship between
6:44the back and the bones of the back and
6:46offspring. Which is similar to ancient
6:47Egyptian thought. What I personally
6:49propose is that it was transmitted to
6:51them due to the Roman-Arab relationship
6:53. As Jawad Ali mentions in "The
6:54Detailed History of Arabs Before Islam.
6:56" The Arabs and Romans had a long
6:58relationship, and the Romans exerted
6:59influence. Religiously and culturally
7:01on the Arabs, and to a large extent.
7:02Especially the Arabs of the Levant. If
7:04we go back to the Quran, being the
7:06first compiled Arabic book, we will see
7:08that it conveyed the same Arabic idea.
7:10In the aforementioned verses from Surah
7:13At-Tariq, which Sunnis and Shias
7:14interpreted with similar
7:16interpretations, as shown before you.
7:18The interpretations will be placed in
7:19the sources. In fact, it even appeared
7:21in Surah Al-An'am, verse 98, two words.
7:24They are the words "mustaqarr"(settling
7:25place) and "mustawda '"(repository).
7:26And in its interpretation, it tells you
7:28that "mustaqarr" means the wombs. And "
7:30mustawda'" is the loins. And this is
7:31what the majority have gone with.
7:33Likewise, in Surah Al-A'raf, verse 172,
7:35it is stated that God took from the
7:37backs of the children of Adam their
7:38descendants and called them to witness.
7:41And this interpretation of the verse is
7:42very important. Because in the
7:43interpretation, they used the word "
7:45sulb"(loin) to explain the "back"
7:46mentioned in the verse. And I see this
7:48verse as important because a Hadith
7:49appeared with the same meaning as the
7:51verse. The explanation of the Hadith is
7:52important. Because it states explicitly
7:54in the explanation that God brought out
7:56from their loins, meaning the vertebrae
7:57of his back. All the various verses and
7:59interpretations will be provided. In
8:01addition to matters that might not have
8:03been mentioned here, in the sources
8:05section. So the prevailing idea was
8:07that the back has a huge role in the
8:08process of producing offspring, but.
8:11Things result in becoming even stranger
8:13, for in the Hadiths, the process of
8:14castration was mentioned and made a
8:16form of asceticism—and castration,
8:17for those who don't know, is the
8:18process of removing the testicle, and
8:20so my words aren't misunderstood. Islam
8:22forbade castration. And this is what is
8:24stated in the Hadiths. So the question
8:26here is, did the Arabs believe that the
8:28testicle had a role in reproduction?
8:30And the answer is yes. But this is not
8:31something new that emerged. From the
8:32Arabs. The first civilizations from the
8:34time of Mesopotamia to Egypt and Greece
8:36knew about the process of castration.
8:38But each civilization interpreted the
8:40cause of the resulting sterility
8:41differently. As a summary, it was.
8:44Their theory is that their reproductive
8:46system consists of the testicles, the
8:47back, and in addition to the brain.
8:50Some saw the testicle as a reservoir
8:52for semen, some saw it as a source, and
8:54some said it is just a place for
8:56passage, and we see evidence of this in
8:58Islamic heritage. In the book "
9:00Al-Musannaf" by Ibn Abi Shaybah,
9:02specifically the Book of Blood Money,
9:03it mentions a number of "diyat," in
9:05parentheses compensations, for a number
9:07of organs in case they were harmed by
9:09another person. Among these organs are
9:11the loin and the testicle. In the
9:13famous Hadith mentioned in the same
9:15book, for the loin, there is blood
9:17money. So, what is the reason that the
9:19loin has blood money? From the same
9:20book, we see the authentic narration of
9:22the Tabi'i Mujahid ibn Jabr. He tells
9:25you that the loin, in case it is
9:26injured and the "water" is cut off, has
9:28blood money. And after it, by a few
9:30chapters, we see talk about the
9:31testicle and its blood money. So it
9:33seems as a final picture that they
9:35linked the testicle and the spine in a
9:37strange way. In the end, we can suggest
9:39that all these ideas are different
9:40versions. Of each other. And all of
9:42them ultimately go back to what the
9:44Egyptians saw during dissection. Of
9:49course, after we have presented what I
9:50suggest regarding the origin of the
9:52beliefs stating that the back
9:53participates in the production of semen
9:55, let us. See what science says. As a
9:57simple scientific presentation, semen
9:58consists of several components. Namely,
10:00cells, and the fluid, the liquid
10:02substance itself. Regarding the liquid
10:04substances, they come from several
10:05glands. Located in the male
10:07reproductive system. These are the
10:08prostate and the seminal vesicles. As
10:10well as Cowper's gland. Now, let's get
10:13to the sperm. These sperm are formed
10:15entirely in the testes. In a process
10:17called spermatogenesis. In Arabic, "the
10:19formation of animals.""Sperm." Like, a
10:21literal translation. Anyway. The sperm
10:25go through a series of divisions.
10:26Mitotic divisions and meiotic divisions
10:29. In order to produce millions of sperm
10:32daily. The journey begins through cells
10:35. Called spermatogonia. Which, in
10:37Arabic, are called the primary sperm
10:39cells. After that, they turn into
10:41primary spermatocytes. Then into
10:43secondary spermatocytes. And afterwards
10:45into spermatids. In the end, for short,
10:48we have mature sperm cells, as shown in
10:50the image in front of you. Many
10:52hormones are involved in this process.
10:54And they are stimulated by several
10:55glands. I will use the abbreviations
10:57for the names of the hormones. This is
10:58the method used in scientific sources.
11:00So, let's start here. The hormonal
11:02story starts from the brain.
11:04Specifically, the area called the
11:06hypothalamus. Which sends the
11:08stimulation. Hormonally, by means of a
11:10hormone called GnRH. To the pituitary
11:13gland. Which is also located in the
11:16head. And here, this gland, after
11:17receiving the stimulation. Will produce
11:20two hormones. Which are the LH hormone
11:23and the FSH hormone. These are the sex
11:25hormones. Knowing that the pituitary.
11:27Gland produces many other hormones
11:29besides these. These two hormones are
11:30very important for both males and
11:32females. But here, we will focus on
11:34males only. LH stimulates the process
11:37of testosterone production inside cells
11:39called Leydig cells. These hormones are
11:42involved in the process of forming and
11:44maturing the sperm. The diagram in
11:46front of you shows the hormonal
11:48interaction that occurs between
11:49stimulation and inhibition, which can
11:51be reverse-acting. But we have nothing
11:53to do with the issue of inhibition and
11:54reverse stimulation. That is another
11:56story with other details. Well, here
11:58comes the million-dollar question. Is
12:00this scientific information different
12:02from the historical and
12:03interpretational information we talked
12:04about earlier? Honestly, yes, it
12:07differs. If you asked any neutral
12:09person, they would tell you that it
12:11differs. If we take the speech as it
12:13appears, it's not just different, the
12:14previous speech is very wrong. But we
12:16won't rush. Because I am not the first
12:18person to talk about the topic. Dozens
12:19of people before me pointed out the
12:21difference. They pointed out the
12:23difference, but at the same time,
12:25dozens and maybe hundreds of apologists
12:27replied. We will try to see the most
12:28important existing responses and
12:30evaluate their validity from their
12:31inaccuracy. And in the end, we will
12:33provide possible solutions, if any. Of
12:38course, we will divide the objections
12:40according to each topic. We are not
12:41going to take every video that talked
12:43about the topic and show it. In that
12:45case, our video would be years and
12:46years long. The first objection is that
12:48the verse means that it is the human
12:50who emerges from between the backbone
12:52and the ribs, not the semen. Those
12:53stating this objection are Haitham
12:55Talaat. "Emerges from between the
12:58backbone and the ribs," quite simply,
13:00the human emerges from between the
13:03backbone and the ribs.
13:04>> And Siraj Hayani. "
13:05>> Emerges from between the backbone and
13:07the ribs," 'emerges' refers back to the
13:08human, who is the one that emerges from
13:10between the backbone and the ribs.
13:11>> This claim is completely wrong in
13:13several respects. First, they say that
13:15a human in childhood is between the
13:16backbone and the ribs, and this is
13:18incorrect; as shown in the image, the
13:20child is in the womb under the ribs,
13:21which are the*tara'ib*, not between the
13:23back and the ribs. Second, the word*
13:25sulb*(backbone) mentioned in the verse
13:27is primarily designated for males
13:28according to all the interpretations we
13:30presented. This claim contradicts both
13:32Sunni and Shiite interpretations. Even
13:34if we don't return to interpretations,
13:36traditions, and sayings, it explicitly
13:37refers not to the human, but to the
13:39fluid itself, much like the statement
13:40of Mujahid regarding the cessation of
13:42the fluid if the backbone is injured.
13:44Thus, this response is incorrect and
13:45does not align with what has been
13:47narrated. The second objection is that
13:49the reproductive organs are what form
13:50between the backbone and the ribs
13:51before descending, and those who put
13:53forward this objection include Mohamed
13:54Nassar.
13:55>> He claims that the reproductive parts
13:57in both the man and the woman, which
13:59form during the fetal stage, develop in
14:01the same region that the Quran pointed
14:03to: between the backbone and the ribs.
14:05>> And now, for the big surprise.
14:08>> And now, for the big surprise.
14:11>> The second proponent is Haitham Talaat.
14:14>> This place between the backbone and the
14:16ribs is the embryonic location for the
14:18testicle and the ovary.
14:20>> And this indicates something. The fact
14:21that he changed his opinion in recent
14:23years shows that even Haitham Talaat
14:24did not reach the final solution. And
14:26he remained confused about this verse.
14:28Anyway, this objection is also contrary
14:29to the interpretations we presented.
14:31And it is also contrary to the
14:32description. The scientific description
14:33of the formation of reproductive organs
14:34. The reproductive organs start as
14:36undifferentiated. And they begin to
14:38differentiate clearly from the eighth
14:40to the tenth week. And the duration
14:41might increase. And two to three weeks
14:43later. It is possible. It is possible.
14:45It is possible in some cases to detect.
14:47The sex of the fetus by ultrasound.
14:48During the formation journey of the
14:50testicle, it will be located on the
14:52lower back wall. Specifically, between
14:54the first and fourth lumbar vertebrae.
14:56Attached by a fibrous cord called the
14:58gubernaculum. After which, it begins to
15:00move to its place outside the body. But
15:02it is not between the backbone and the
15:04ribs. As the image illustrates, its
15:07location is below the region mentioned
15:09in the verses. The third objection:
15:11semen actually comes out from the back.
15:13And the spine plays a role in its
15:14formation. Those who put forward this
15:16objection are Abdul Daim Al-Kaheel.
15:19>> Studies say that anyone who suffers an
15:21injury to the spine as a result of an
15:23accident, for example, a traffic
15:25accident...Often, a severe injury
15:29causes them to lose the ability to
15:32reproduce.
15:33>> And Zain Khairallah says, "We challenge
15:35any atheist to come out and deny that
15:37the back has a relationship with the
15:38exit of semen. I challenge any atheist
15:41now, an open challenge, one to call in.
15:43"
15:43>> And this is perhaps the only objection
15:45that takes the religious narrative
15:47literally. But the problem is that they
15:49are wrong. Because even Zain Khairallah
15:51, when he cited the papers, cited them
15:52without understanding them. They do not
15:54understand the difference between
15:55matters related to the act of sexual
15:57intercourse and the formation of
15:58seminal fluid. For example, Zain
16:00Khairallah mentioned that there are
16:02some papers he cited that mention a
16:04relationship between the backbone and
16:05the semen formation process. But in
16:07reality, if we read the papers, we find
16:10they talk about the relationship of the
16:12spinal cord with the process of
16:14ejaculation. And not the process of
16:17sperm formation. And they literally
16:19believe that any defect in the spine
16:21could cause infertility. This is a
16:23claim that no scientist has ever made.
16:26And the sources mentioned cases of
16:28people who have complete paralysis. Yet
16:31they still have the ability to
16:32reproduce. If you want to review the
16:33sources, the videos are here. They did
16:36not lose their ability to form sperm.
16:38To add a point, some say that bones
16:40play a role in sperm formation. Through
16:43a hormone called osteocalcin. It is a
16:46hormone released from bones that
16:47stimulates testosterone production. It
16:50is true that this hormone helps in
16:51testosterone production in mice. But
16:54the problem is that studies on humans
16:56have proven its effect is weak to
16:57nonexistent regarding testosterone
16:59production. At the same time, its
17:01absence will not cause infertility. We
17:03notice this trend in the rebuttals.
17:05They distance themselves from the
17:06original text. The original text says "
17:08sulb" and "tara'ib"(backbone and ribs).
17:09And osteocalcin comes from all bones,
17:12not just the backbone and ribs.
17:14Ultimately, we notice that all
17:15objections are based on distorting the
17:17meaning of the verses and denying the
17:18original interpretations. And here,
17:21honestly, as a neutral person, if we
17:22take the words at face value, then yes,
17:24there is a conflict between proven
17:26science and the Quran and Hadith. And
17:28this is a clear conflict. We have two
17:30options here. Either a person leaves
17:32the Quran and turns toward disbelief in
17:34the religion. And to be honest, this is
17:36very justifiable. Or we turn to a
17:38second option. And this is what I
17:39personally see as the appropriate
17:41solution for our Muslim brothers.
17:42Instead of distorting the Quran, its
17:44meanings, and distorting science. The
17:46best solution is to accept that science
17:48and religion are two completely
17:49different things. The Quran is not a
17:51scientific book. Rather, it is a
17:53religious book that was revealed in an
17:54era where information was incorrect and
17:56widespread. It spoke in the language of
17:58that era, so we must place the Quran in
18:01its correct historical context, and I
18:03see this as the best possible solution
18:05for these verses for those who believe
18:07in the Quran and Muslims in general.
18:14During my research and reading of
18:15various books and sources, and at the
18:17same time listening to videos of
18:19responses, I noticed a type of
18:21distortion different from distorting
18:23interpretation or science, which is
18:24linguistic distortion; advocates try in
18:26various ways to change the meanings of
18:28some words found in heritage, and I
18:30personally saw it best to mention the
18:32original meanings of the words and use
18:34the sources that spoke about the
18:36meanings of these words. To give an
18:39example of these distortions. It is an
18:41example that might be far from the
18:42topic. But it was mentioned. In the
18:44Quran, in Surah Az-Zalzalah: "So
18:46whoever does an atom's weight of good,"
18:48the word "dharrah" was used in the
18:50verse meaning the very small thing, and
18:52its plural is "dhar," which refers to
18:54ants. But some samples I encountered
18:57previously in personal discussions
18:59think the Quran mentioned the atom— "
19:01the atom"—thinking it mentioned it
19:03before modern science. This is taking
19:06words and verses out of their cultural,
19:08historical, and linguistic context. And
19:11among the words that are distorted,
19:13aside from "sulb" and "tara'ib" which
19:14we explained earlier, are the following
19:16words. First, the word "mani," and it
19:19means, with the shaddah, the man's
19:20fluid. Second, the word "nutfah," and
19:23it means clear water. Third, the word "
19:26amshaj," meaning a mixture. And it was
19:28mentioned. That the "mashij" is the
19:30mixed one. None of the words we
19:32mentioned and explained mean cells. Nor
19:34do they mean sperm. Nor do they mean.
19:36Eggs, or anything of what exists today.
19:38They are simply words that appeared in
19:39the Quran. They appeared with a
19:41different meaning, but due to
19:42linguistic evolution. And the use of
19:44old words to produce new words with
19:47different meanings. Some Muslim
19:49brothers get confused. But this is a
19:51well-known issue in linguistics.
19:53Linguistic borrowings from other
19:54languages, linguistic expansions, and
19:56the changing of old word meanings is
19:57not something strange. In the end, I
20:00highly recommend reviewing the sources.
20:02To see what adjustments were added and
20:04the information that wasn't mentioned
20:05in the video but was included in the
20:07sources section. I also hope that those
20:09who have additional evidence or sources
20:11will mention them in the comments. And
20:14as I said, I will pin the comment if
20:16possible. Thank you.

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