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5 УРОК. МЕДИНСКИЙ КУРС 1 ТОМ || Устаз Абдулах — Transcript

by Muallim Sani · 4,325 words · 667 segments · language ru · Watch on YouTube

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0:03Alhamdulillah, peace be upon you. We
0:12have reached the next lesson with you.
0:13This is the fifth lesson. The topic of
0:19today's lesson is al-Idafa. Al-Idafa.
0:23What is al-Idafa? We will explain it
0:25now. Al-Ida fah. Al-Idafa translates to
0:34possession. Al-Idafa translates to
0:38possession. And it consists of two
0:41words. Mudaf. The first word is the
0:46Mudaf. Mudaf. And the second word is
0:54the Mudaf ilayhi. Mudaf. Ilayhi, Mudaf
1:05ilayhi. These are the two words. And
1:08now we will show you an example here,
1:09read it, and then I will explain it to
1:11you in more detail. So, you should have
1:13a table like this right now. Idafa
1:15translates to possession. It consists
1:18of two words. These are the Mudaf and
1:21the Mudaf ilayhi. Here is your first
1:23example. Here we have a dialogue
1:25between Said and Yasir. Said says: "
1:27A-kitabu Muhammadin ya Yasiru."
1:32A-kitabu Muhammadin ya Yasir. Is this
1:36the book of Muhammad, O Yasir? How did
1:39we understand that this is the book of
1:41Muhammad? The book of Muhammad. Look,
1:44we have this construction here. This
1:49construction of two words is called an
1:51Idafa construction. That is, when the
1:54first word belongs to the second, the
1:57first word belongs to the second word.
1:59And therefore, the first word is our
2:02Mudaf. Kitab is the Mudaf. Muhammad is
2:06the Mudaf ilayhi. In this case, the
2:10Mudaf belongs to the Mudaf ilayhi. The
2:13Mudaf belongs to the Mudaf ilayhi. That
2:15is, the book belongs to Muhammad. So,
2:17if you translate it like this: the book
2:19belongs to Muhammad. Don't look at the
2:21entire sentence now, only at the
2:23construction we have highlighted.
2:26Kitabu Muhammadin. The book belongs to
2:29Muhammad. The book of Muhammad. Now,
2:32how do we understand that this is an
2:35Idafa form? And how do we understand
2:37that, in this case, the book belongs to
2:39Muhammad, and it isn't called, for
2:40example, "Muhammad book"? That is, a
2:42title, for example, could be written as
2:44"Muhammad book". How do you say "
2:46Muhammad book"? Muhammad book. Here,
2:50everything is identified by the vowel
2:52markings and the construction itself.
2:54Therefore, we must know—you can write
2:58down a few points here regarding what
3:02applies to the Mudaf. The Mudaf,
3:06firstly, is never written with "al-".
3:10The Mudaf is never written with "al-"
3:12because this Idafa form is already
3:14definite; it provides definiteness.
3:17That is, whose book is it? Muhammad's.
3:18Right? Therefore, "al-kitabu" at the
3:21beginning does not require "al-"
3:24because it is already known, so "al-"
3:27is not accepted. So, write: the Mudaf
3:29does not accept "al-". The Mudaf does
3:32not accept "al-". The second point. The
3:35Mudaf does not accept nunation (tanwin)
3:37. The Mudaf does not accept tanwin.
3:40Therefore, here it is not "kitabun,"
3:43but "kitabu." A single vowel marking.
3:46And thirdly, accordingly, it can have
3:49declension here, meaning this word
3:51declines, the mudaf declines. It can
3:53have a damma, because in this case
3:55nothing acts upon it. It can have a
3:58kasra, for example, on Muhammad's book,
4:02how to say, on Muhammad's book, 'ala
4:06kitabi Muhammadin. It has now become
4:09kitabi. Why? Because' ala acts on the
4:11word, as we studied with you in the
4:13previous lesson. A preposition acts on
4:16the word, therefore this mudaf declines
4:18according to cases. So, here we have
4:21the marfu case, a damma, as nothing
4:23acts on the word. It can be a kasra
4:26when prepositions act on it, so it will
4:28be in the majrur case. Good. Now we
4:31have written down three things. What
4:33relates to the idafa? Now, what is the
4:37mudaf ilayhi? The mudaf ilayhi is
4:41always in the majrur case. The mudaf
4:44ilayhi is always in the majrur case.
4:46Meaning there will always be a kasra
4:48there. And it can be either with 'al'
4:50or without 'al'. Meaning the mudaf
4:53ilayhi can come with 'al', or it can
4:55come without 'al'. And, accordingly, if
4:57we write 'al', then there will just be
4:59a kasra, not a tanwin. If there is no '
5:01al', accordingly, a tanwin, two kasras.
5:05And that is all. This was regarding the
5:07mudaf ilayhi. In short, what you need
5:10to know about the idafa, the idafa
5:12construction, is that it is possession.
5:15The mudaf belongs to the mudaf ilayhi.
5:17And we have explained this. Good. Now,
5:20how do we write the book titled
5:23Muhammad? Just the book Muhammad. We
5:27will write al-kitabu. Al-kitabu
5:32Muhammadun. Muhammadun. The book
5:38Muhammad. The book Muhammad. Let's.
5:41Okay, we won't use 'al', we'll just
5:44write kitabun Muhammadun. Kitabun.
5:50Muhammadun. I, look, in this, in this
5:54case here we will erase, in this case I
5:57did not put diacritics. If you read
6:01this sentence that we wrote here,
6:03kitabun. Muhammadun. In this case, the
6:08book Muhammad. A book titled Muhammad.
6:11Kitabu Muhammadun. If you want to say:
6:15"Muhammad's book". Muhammad's book,
6:18meaning the book belongs to Muhammad,
6:20in this case you must proceed from the
6:23rule of the idafa form that we
6:24explained to you. It must have a kasra
6:27here: Kitabu Muhammadin. In this case,
6:30this is already translated as
6:31Muhammad's book. The book belongs to
6:34Muhammad. This is the topic of today's
6:36lesson. Yasir says, meaning here Said
6:41asked Muhammad, O Yasir. And where is
6:45Muhammad's book, O Yasir? Yasir says: "
6:51No, this is Hamid's book." Said says: "
6:58Ayna kitabu Muhammadin." Where is
7:01Muhammad's book? It is translated as '
7:11he', but in this case we translate it
7:13as 'she'. Why? Because in our language,
7:16in Russian, 'book' is feminine, but in
7:19Arabic 'book' is masculine, which is
7:21why it is used. But we translate it as
7:23"she". "She" is "tahta", your new word
7:26"tahta" translates as "under", "
7:28tahtal-maktabi" means "under the desk".
7:32"There" is "hunaka". So, this is your
7:35new word, "tahta". This is called a "
7:38zarf" in general. A "zarf", that is,
7:40indicating either place or time. And
7:43next, we will study these "zuruf"(
7:45adverbs), either temporal ones or those
7:48related to place. In this case, what
7:51does "tahta" indicate? Time or place?
7:55Place. Isn't that right? "Tahta" means
7:56"under". And you should know these "
7:59zuruf" like "tahta", which indicate
8:02place. The word following it will
8:03always come with a kasra. Why? Because
8:06this construction is also an idafa form
8:10. Also an idafa form. That is, the word
8:14"tahta" acts as the mudaf. It will
8:16always have a fatha because it is "
8:20mabni", that is, it is indeclinable. "
8:23Tahtal-maktabi", here is a kasra. Why a
8:25kasra? Because it is an idafa form: "
8:28under the desk". Not "tahtal-maktabu",
8:30but "tahtal-maktabi" always, because "
8:33tahta"......because "tahta", as we said
8:40, is a zarf indicating place. And after
8:44that, if the word comes, it takes a
8:46kasra. Why? Because it is an idafa form
8:49. Good. Said says: "Ammarin...""...
8:56Ammarin, where is Ammar's notebook?"
9:00How did we understand that this is
9:01Ammar's notebook? By the idafa formula.
9:03Here we have a damma. He says, I say,
9:11as we said at the beginning, the mudaf
9:14can be declined, the notebook can be
9:17declined, that is, it is under the
9:19teacher's desk. Look, in what case is
9:22our mudaf? The mudaf. The mudaf is in
9:25the majrur case with a kasra. Why?
9:28Because the preposition acts on the
9:30word. And why is there a kasra here?
9:32Here there is a kasra because it is the
9:33mudaf ilayhi. The mudaf ilayhi always
9:35has a kasra. So, next. Said says: "
9:44qalamu...""Whose pen is this?""O Ali."
9:53This is "qalamu man". "Qalamu man"
9:55translates as "whose" in this case.
9:58That is, if we translate literally,
9:59let's see. "Pen of whom is this?""Ya",
10:02right? But in this case, "qalamu man"
10:07is an idafa form. An idafa form. That
10:11is, we have "qalamu", therefore we
10:13don't have "qalamun" here, but "qalamu"
10:14. This "man" is the mudaf ilayhi. And "
10:17qalamu" is the mudaf. Therefore, in
10:21this case, it translates as an idafa
10:23form: "whose pen is this", because it
10:25is an idafa construction. "Whose pen is
10:28this, ya Ali?""O Ali." This "ya"
10:31translates as a vocative particle. It
10:37is the teacher's pen. Where is the
10:46teacher's briefcase? It is under the
10:55teacher's desk. Why? Because......we
11:02have "ha" there indicating the feminine
11:04gender. Therefore. The next exercise,
11:11exercise. First. Answer the following
11:16questions. Kitabu Muhammadin. We needed
11:19to answer this now from the context of
11:22Kitabu Muhammadin. Okay, let's return
11:24to the context. Where is our Muhammad?
11:28You have a question here. Muhammadin.
11:33So, we should answer the question "
11:36Muhammadin" with the same sentence.
11:45Next question. Kitabu Ammarin. Where is
11:50Ammar's book? Where is Ammar's book?
11:54From the context, it's not a book, but
11:57here it is a notebook. So there is a
11:59mistake there, meaning not "kitabu",
12:01but "daftar". Here we have it is on the
12:06teacher's desk, so "aina daftar",
12:09instead of "daftar" here, instead of "
12:11kitabu", you must put "daftar". Ah, we
12:16are saying that it is on the teacher's
12:26desk. Where is our teacher's briefcase?
12:34Where was it? Under the table. Under
12:36the table. How do you say that? Just "
12:38under the table". Meaning it, meaning
12:42this, this is the briefcase. It is
12:50under the table, the briefcase is under
12:52the table. You need to make an idafa
12:58form. Meaning you need to attach the
13:00first word to the second. Here you have
13:03two words: "kitabun" and "Muhammadun".
13:05Just "book" and just "Muhammad".
13:08Nothing belongs to anyone. You now need
13:10to make, you now need to make it an
13:13idafa form. And here you have "kitabu
13:15Muhammadin". In this case, it
13:17translates to "book of Muhammad". And
13:19here there are just two words: "book"
13:21and "Muhammad". "Book" and "Muhammad".
13:24And all the words, so this is your
13:26written assignment, this will be your
13:28homework. So we will do this in class
13:31now, then you will do it yourselves in
13:33your books. "Hamedun", pen, and "Hamed"
13:38. How to say "Hamed's pen"? We say "
13:41qalamu Hamidin". "Hamed's pen". "Baytun
13:46" and "Abbas". "House" and "Abbas". How
13:50to say "Abbas's house"? "Abbasin".
13:54Repeat after me. Don't just stay silent
13:57. "Baytu Abbasin". "Abbas's house". And
14:04"Aliyun". Room and "Ali". How to say it
14:06? "Ali's room". "Ghurfatu Aliyin". And
14:14"Saidun", notebook and "Said". How to
14:16say "Said's notebook"? "Daftaru Saidin"
14:19. "Daftaru Saidin". "Mindilun" and "
14:24Yasir". "Mindil". Handkerchief and "
14:27Yasir". How to say "Yasir's
14:28handkerchief"? "Mindilu Yasirin", "
14:32Yasirin", "thawbun" and "Ammarun",
14:35shirt and "Ammar". How to say "Ammar's
14:39shirt"? "Sarirun" and "Khalidun". Bed
14:46and "Khalid". How to say "Khalid's bed"
14:49? "Sariru Khalidin". Look here, your
14:54mudaf ileh came with "al", as we said
14:56at the beginning of the lesson. So it
14:59can come with "al", but the mudaf never
15:02takes "al" because it is already known.
15:05"Maktabun" and "al-mudarrisu". "
15:08Maktabun" and "al-mudarrisu". Table and
15:11teacher. How to say "teacher's table"?
15:14"Maktabul mudarrisi". "Maktabul
15:17mudarrisi". "Miftahun" and "al-baytu".
15:22Key and house. How to say it? "Key to
15:25the house". "Miftahul bayti". "Miftahul
15:29bayti". "Key to the house". "Dukkan"
15:32and "tajaru". Shop and merchant. "
15:36Dukkanu tajiri". "Shop of the merchant"
15:42. "Shop of the merchant". "Dukkan", "
15:44tajirun" and "al-muhandisu". A house
15:48and an engineer, so to speak, an
15:50engineer's house. Baytul-muhandisi. And
15:56al-waladu. A child's name. How to say a
15:58child's name? Ismul-waladi.
16:01Ismul-waladi. Kitabun and Allahu. Book
16:08and Allah. How to say it? Book of Allah
16:10. Kitabullahi. What is this?
16:13Kitabullahi. Al-Qur'an. Kitabullahi.
16:18Hulran. Next. Baytun. Ah, bintun. And
16:24tabibu. Bint. This is a daughter. Tabib
16:27is a doctor. How to say, doctor's
16:29daughter? Bintut-tabibi. Bintut-tabibi.
16:33Doctor's daughter. A key and a car. A
16:40car key. We have done all of this in
16:48the possessive form. The next exercise,
16:53the third. That is, read and write the
16:59final vowels. You need to add the final
17:02vowels here. We said, first, the mudaf
17:05does not take tanween, and here, if
17:08nothing affects it, it is always with a
17:11damma. And the mudaf-ilayhi is always
17:13with a kasra. Therefore, we read it
17:15here as babu al-madrasati.
17:20Babul-madrasati. Babul-madrasati. the
17:27school door. rujuli. The man's donkey.
17:37The man's donkey. If you read it with a
17:41mistake, you will insult the man; you
17:43will say: "Himaru rajulu." That is,
17:47this man is a donkey. So, pronounce it
17:51correctly. Therefore, grammar is
17:53important here. One vowel can change
17:56the meaning. Himaru rajuli, the man's
17:59donkey, or here, the donkey is a man.
18:02Therefore, vowels are important like
18:04this. Baytu baytu hamidin. Baytu
18:10hamidin, the house of Hamid. Sayyaratu
18:17al-mudiri. Sayyaratul-mudiri. The
18:20director's car. Mindilu ammarin.
18:28Ammar's handkerchief. Ismut-talibi. The
18:35student's name. Baytullahi. Baytullahi.
18:42The house of Allah. Ma huwa. What? What
18:46is this? Masjidun. This is a mosque.
18:54Kitabi or tabu-kitabi, because the
18:58preposition "bi" is in the book of
19:03Allah. al-mudarrisi-mudarrisi. from the
19:13doctor's house, from the teacher's
19:15house. Al-mudiri ala maktabil-mudiri on
19:23the director's desk. And that is how we
19:27have placed the vowels. The next
19:30exercise, the fourth. You just need to
19:33read. We will read and translate. We
19:35will read and translate.
19:38Aynat-tadarrisi. Repeat all these
19:43sentences with me, so that your tongue
19:45practices these words. so that you
19:49learn to pronounce them without
19:51mistakes. Where is the teacher's house?
19:57It is far. Al-Qur'anu kitabullahi.
20:03Al-Qur'an-u-kitabullahi. The Quran is
20:06the book of Allah. Al-Ka'batullahi.
20:10Al-Ka'batu. Here it is. Al-Ka'batu
20:14baytullahi. The Kaaba is the house of
20:16Allah. Fourth. Muhammadun, may Allah
20:22bless him and grant him peace, is the
20:27messenger of Allah. May Allah bless him
20:31and grant him peace. This is
20:33salla-Allahu alayhi. May Allah bless
20:37him and grant him peace, the messenger
20:40of Allah. the messenger of Allah. The
20:55teacher went out from the director's
20:59room. This is Hamid's house, and that
21:11is Khalid's house. Ibn Ammarin.
21:22Ibnul-Yasiri. Ammar's son is a student,
21:30and Yasir's son is a merchant. The
21:47teacher's house is far, and the
21:50merchant's house is close. This is the
22:01car key. And where is the house key?
22:04When I read to you in Arabic, try to
22:07understand it directly in Arabic. You
22:09know, the mistake many people make, the
22:12mistake many language learners make, is
22:14that they try to translate these
22:16sentences in their heads. And that is a
22:18mistake in language learning. You
22:20should understand immediately without
22:23translating every word. For example,
22:25when I read to you, you start doing
22:28this in your own mind. "Remembering
22:30words: miftah means key, beiti means
22:33car." You shouldn't do that. Try to
22:36understand the meaning of the sentence
22:38by listening. Try to understand the
22:41meaning of the sentence, what it is
22:43saying, and not translate every word
22:45literally in your head. Man anta ya
22:49waladu. Man anta ya waladu? Ana ibnu
22:53Abbasin. Ana ibnu Abbasin. Or ana ibn.
22:58This hamza is not pronounced when it
23:01comes in a sequence of words. That is
23:04why I read "anabnu," or you could also
23:07say "ana ibnu Abbasin." No problem. So,
23:10who, oh boy. This "ya" is for
23:13addressing someone. Ana ibnu Abbasin. I
23:15am the son of Abbas. Ibnu man? Whose
23:29son is he? This is an idafa
23:31construction. Ibnu man, as we said, "
23:34ibnu man" is an idafa construction.
23:36Therefore, it translates to "whose son
23:40is he." Whose son? He. Khalidin. He is
23:45the son of Khalid. Why is there a kasra
23:51here? And here. Why is there a kasra
23:56here? Because "Rasuli" is an idafa
24:00construction. Therefore, the kasra in "
24:04Rasulillahi" is also an idafa
24:05construction. Also an idafa
24:08construction. That is why it is here
24:10too. Where is the mosque of the
24:13Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings
24:16be upon him? It, meaning the mosque, is
24:26in Medina the Radiant. This "
24:30al-munawwara" means the radiant.
24:37Thirteenth example. Bintu Hamidin
24:41fil-madrasati. Hamed's daughter is in
24:53the school, and Muhammad's daughter is
24:56in the university. Ismu mudarrisi
25:02Saidun wa ismu muhandisi Khalidun. The
25:08name of the teacher is Said and the
25:12name of the engineer is Khalid. Ammu
25:19talibin. "Amm" is a paternal uncle, an
25:23uncle on the father's side, because
25:25there is also an uncle on the mother's
25:28side. Yes, they have different names.
25:31We will see that now. "Amm" is an uncle
25:34on the father's side, "Ammu talibin."
25:36The student's uncle is rich. Can you
25:49imagine that in your head? What is "
25:51babu al-masjidi maftuh"? The door of
25:59the mosque is open, and the door of the
26:03school is closed. Khalu Hamidin faqirun
26:10. Khal. This is exactly the uncle on
26:13the mother's side. That is why it is "
26:15amm." And "amm" is an uncle on the
26:18father's side. "Khal" is an uncle on
26:21the mother's side. Hamed's uncle is
26:25poor. Poor. Sayyaratun. Abbasin fi
26:35shari. Abbas's car is on the street. "
26:40Shari" means street. Ibnu man anta? Ana
26:46ibnul mudarrisi. "Whose son are you?"
26:51That is "ibnu man anta," whose son are
26:56you? "Ana ibnul mudarrisi," I am the
27:00teacher's son. Al-kalbu. It is under
27:14the car. And we have a written
27:18assignment here that you will also need
27:20to do at home. Now we will do it
27:22together in class, and then you will do
27:24it at home. That is, make a complete
27:33sentence by adding the missing word.
27:36What is missing here for us? Here we
27:38are missing either the mudaf or the
27:40mudaf ilayhi. Either the mudaf or the
27:42mudaf ilayhi. You must put it here.
27:48What from the house can be closed? What
27:51from the house can be closed? The door.
27:54We know the word door. So what do we
27:56say? Babu. Babul bayti, babul bayti.
28:04The second one. Ayna...What can we ask
28:07about the car, which we know? We know
28:11the word key. Right? So we say, where
28:14is the key to the car? Anaftahu.
28:20Aynaftul sayyarati. Moving on. The
28:26third one. Muhammad, may Allah bless
28:28him and grant him peace. Rasulu...
28:30Rasulullahi. Rasulullahi. Messenger of
28:35Allah. The fourth one. ...li bitu
28:38ba'idun. Talib-i ba'idun. The student.
28:41What of the student's can be far away?
28:44What of the student's can be far away?
28:46Maybe the student's car is far away. No
28:49, car won't work here because the
28:50description is in the masculine gender.
28:52We haven't covered that yet, but we
28:54will, inshallah. Okay. What could it be
28:56? Al-, for example, baytu. Baytu, baytu
29:03...ba'idun...house, house of the
29:07student. And not the student, but tabib
29:10here. ...tabib...house the doctor's...
29:19tabib...ba'idun...far away. Al-Qur'anu
29:23...kitabu...kitabullahi...kitabullahi.
29:30The Quran is the book of Allah. The
29:32sixth. Khadijatu. Khadijatu...Hamidin.
29:38Khadija. Who could she be to Hamed?
29:41Khadija. Who could she be to Hamed? She
29:43could be Hamed's wife. Right? Khadijatu
29:47is the wife. We haven't studied that
29:49with you. We don't know that word. Okay
29:51. Let's use the word "daughter" instead
29:53, which we know. She could be Hamed's
29:55daughter. How do you say daughter?
29:57Bintu. Bintu. Khadijatu bintu Hamidin.
30:06Ana...al-mudarrisi. Who can I be to the
30:10teacher? I can be a student to the
30:12teacher, for example. I am the
30:14teacher's student. Right? For example,
30:16but we are being a bit more...that is,
30:18it's a bit banal. I am the teacher's
30:20student. And what else could you be a
30:23student of? Not the teacher, perhaps?
30:24That is, you, for example, I could be
30:27the teacher's son. I am ana ibnu. Ana
30:33ibnu al-mudarrisi. Anabnul mudarrisi. I
30:37am the teacher's son. The student. What
30:42could it be? What of the student's item
30:44is broken? Al-qalamu. Yes, the pen.
30:47Al-qalamu qalamu not al-qalamu, because
30:57"al" does not take a mudaf. The
31:02student's pen is broken. Babu...
31:05maftuhun. Babu of what? Anything. The
31:09door of the school, the door of the
31:11house. So we say babu, for example,
31:15al-bayti. Babul bayti, babul bayti
31:22maftuhun. ...mudiri. The teacher came
31:31out of the director's. Director's what?
31:35Office. ...min...ghurfati. Al-mudiri,
31:45the teacher came out of the director's
31:49office. You will do this at your home.
31:53This is the assignment. Next page. Next
31:59exercise. The sixth exercise. Here we
32:03need to correct the mistakes. Next.
32:08That is, you need to correct the
32:09mistakes. Remember, we said at the
32:12beginning of the lesson that it does
32:17not accept mudaf, that it does not
32:21accept mudaf-ilayhi. Now you need to
32:24correct this. You need to correct this
32:28now. Here you have "alqalamu at-talibi"
32:32. What is the mistake here? The mistake
32:35is that "al" is here, because mudaf
32:37does not take "al". Next. "Bintu
32:43Hamidun". "Bintu Hamidun". What is the
32:46mistake here? "Hamidin". "Bintu Hamidin
32:49". "Ismu al-walada". "Ismu al-walada".
32:54Mistake. "Waladi". "Ismu al-waladi". "
33:00Babun". "As-sayarati". What is the
33:05mistake? We said, mudaf does not take
33:08damma, and mudaf does not take tanwin,
33:11so "babu as-sayarati". "Ar-rasu al-akhi
33:17". Mistake: the mudaf does not take "al
33:20". "Ibnu al-mudarrisin". "Mudarrisin".
33:26What is the mistake? This tanwin,
33:28because "al" came here. It does not
33:30take tanwin. Just "mudarrisi". "Ibnu
33:32al-mudarrisi". Next, you have the
33:36seventh task here. Here it is
33:38highlighted. In this lesson, we went
33:41over the vocative case. It is called
33:44munada. Al-munada. Vocative. It is used
33:48through harf al-nida. It is called harf
33:51nida in Arabic. That is, "harf" is a
33:54letter. "Nida" is an appeal. That is,
33:56the vocative particle is "ya". "Ya"
33:58translates as "O". Here we have the
34:01simple word "Muhammadun" and "ya
34:03Muhammadu". And when we address, that
34:05is, use the vocative particle "ya",
34:08tanwin is not accepted. You see, there
34:10is tanwin here, and here there is no
34:12tanwin anymore. Why is there no tanwin?
34:15Because we are addressing this word: "
34:18ya Muhammadu", O Muhammad, "ustadhun",
34:21"ya ustadhu". O Ustad. O teacher. "
34:28Khalidun". "Ya Khalidu". "Ya Khalidu".
34:32O Khalid. "Waladun". Child. "Ya waladu"
34:39. O child. That is, when we address a
34:43word and we address it through the
34:48particle "ya". It translates as "O",
34:50and the word after it does not take
34:52tanwin. The next exercise you need to
35:00do, that is, read and write with vowel
35:06markers. As we just said, if we have an
35:09address to a word through the particle
35:11"ya", it means tanwin is not accepted.
35:14"Ya Aliyu", not "Aliyun", "Aliyu". "Ya
35:19Abbasu". Here we have the tanwin "
35:23shaykhun", because there is no vocative
35:25. "Ya shaykhu". O, Shaykh. "Ya rajulu
35:31Yasirun". This letter "ya", this "ya",
35:36it belongs to the word, to the name
35:39Yasir. Therefore, it is not a vocative,
35:42it is just a letter that is part of the
35:44name itself. "Yasirun", "ya Ammaru". "
35:50Dukturn", "ya dukturu". "Dukturun", "ya
35:55dukturu". And here, what do we need to
35:59do? You need to look at the picture and
36:10ask, as you have here, for example,
36:12whose book is this, whose pen is this,
36:15whose key is this, and whose watch is
36:17this. Just like this example, man hada.
36:22Whose book is this? We asked. How do we
36:26ask now, whose pen is this? We say man
36:33da muza. How do we ask, whose key is
36:39this? Miftahu. Why don't we say
36:44al-miftahu man? Because this is
36:47miftahuman, a possessive form. That is
36:50why mudaf, as we said, does not take "
36:51al". So we say miftahu, without "al"
36:54and without tanween. Whose key is this?
36:59And whose watch is this? Why? Because
37:05saatu is feminine. Whose watch is this?
37:12And the last page of this lesson. This
37:16is also a review of this whole
37:18possessive form. Ismun. And here is our
37:21example. Ismul-Muhammad. The child's
37:27name is Muhammad, and the daughter's
37:30name is Zaynab. Or girl. That is,
37:34bintun is sometimes translated as
37:35daughter or girl. The child's name is
37:37Muhammad, and the girl's name is Zaynab
37:39. Ismud-darsil-mudiri. Mas-mul-mudiri.
37:46The teacher's name is Hamed.
37:49Mas-mul-mudiri, so this "ma" is
37:51interrogative. What is the name? What
37:53is the director's name? Now, ibn, son,
37:58ibnu-khalid-ibnu-dira. Khalid's son is
38:05at school, and Hamed's son is at
38:08university. Ibnul-mudarrisi fil-fasli.
38:13Ibnul-mudarrisi fil-fasli. Ana
38:16ibnul-mudiri. Anab-nul-mudiri. The
38:21teacher's son is in the classroom. And
38:23where is the director's son? And what
38:27do we need to do here? You need to read
38:34the examples here. And when is this
38:36hamzatul-wasl read or not read, as I
38:38explained to you? That is, if
38:41hamzatul-wasl comes at the beginning,
38:43we read it, but here this hamza is not
38:45read, we read ibnudin, because it came
38:50in combination with other words, not at
38:52the beginning. Ibnu-Hamdi-hadi.
38:58Muhammad's son is in Iraq, and Hamed's
39:01son is in India. But there is no
39:03problem if you say "ibnu", there is no
39:05problem either. Well, in principle,
39:07that is incorrect to pronounce. Someone
39:10reads "fil", this hamzatul-wasl is also
39:13not read, not pronounced. Fil-Hindi.
39:17This "a" is also not pronounced. This "
39:19i" is also not pronounced, because this
39:21hamzatul-wasl came in a combination of
39:23words. Only the first one is read. The
39:31doctor's son left the house. The
39:42tajir's son, the merchant, went to the
39:45market. The engineer's name is Faisal,
39:58and the doctor's name is Masud.
40:03Mas-mur-rajuli. Mas-mur-rajuli. What is
40:08the man's name? Or what is the man
40:12called? Ibn-ana-bnul-wazi.
40:17Anab-nul-waziri. Whose son are you?
40:21Ibnu-hada. I am the Wazir's son. Wazir
40:24is a minister. I am the minister's son.
40:27And here is your last one, kalimatu.
40:30New words. Ar-rasulu. Ar-rasulu is
40:35messenger, al-am is paternal uncle,
40:39shariun is street, al-baytu is house,
40:43al-khalu is maternal uncle, mughlaqun
40:48is closed, al-ismu is name, al-haqibatu
40:52is bag, tahta is under, hunaka is there
40:57, sayyaratun is car, al-ibnu is son,
41:01and your lesson topic at the end is a
41:05review. Sayyaratul-mudarrisi. Your
41:09example, sayyaratul-mudarrisi,
41:12translates as the teacher's car. Our
41:15first word is mudaf. The second word is
41:18mudaf-ilayhi. And we explained this to
41:20you at the beginning of the lesson. And
41:22that is where the lesson ended. Repeat
41:25the words, memorize the words, and do
41:27the homework we covered in the lesson.
41:30Write this down in your notebook. And
41:32also review this lesson on your own.
41:34Read through all these examples by
41:36yourself as well. May the blessings and
41:38peace of Allah be upon our Prophet
41:40Muhammad, his family, and all his
41:41companions.

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