#تعلم_اللغة_اليونانية​ -الدرس 465 / هيا نتحدث اليونانية 1 /Μαθήματα ελληνικών — Transcript

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1. 0:00Hello my dear ones. Welcome to a new
2. 0:03lesson. From the Greek language
3. 0:04learning series. Which I, Nizar Darwish
4. 0:07, present to you. We continue with the
5. 0:09Greek language learning series. And we
6. 0:12have exceeded the number 460. Lessons.
7. 0:17And we will begin, God willing, through
8. 0:20this lesson, a new series. As I
9. 0:23promised you before, titled "Let's
10. 0:25Speak Greek". "Let's Speak Greek" will
11. 0:29be the title of this series. Let's see
12. 0:33its content and I will leave it for you
13. 0:34to discover. The main title for this
14. 0:39episode that we are starting with is "
15. 0:42Taftotitas, parakalo". Your ID, please.
16. 0:48Your ID, please. Let's see what
17. 0:53information we can include under this
18. 0:54title. Or vocabulary related to
19. 0:59identity. Onomateponymo. The small
20. 1:05title is Onomateponymo. What does
21. 1:09Onomateponymo mean? It means to mikro
22. 1:12onoma. To mikro onoma. Onoma is the
23. 1:16first name. The first name or personal
24. 1:19name. And not the family name. But
25. 1:22rather the personal name. If someone is
26. 1:25named Mohammed. We say to mikro onoma.
27. 1:28Mohammed, the first name. Meaning the
28. 1:31personal name. To eponymo is the family
29. 1:35name. To eponymo is the family name,
30. 1:38then. Short for Onomateponymo: name and
31. 1:42family name. These two words are
32. 1:45shortened or joined, becoming
33. 1:47Onomateponymo. The name and the family
34. 1:50name, onoma and eponymo. The third is,
35. 1:54as we see, epitheto, which is the
36. 1:56adjective. This word may be used as an
37. 2:00adjective. When we say beautiful, ugly,
38. 2:03big, small, far, near, small, big.
39. 2:07These words or the adjective also refer
40. 2:09to the family name. So we can. Say to
41. 2:13eponymo, or say to epitheto. Of course,
42. 2:16"to" is the definite article. So,
43. 2:19eponymo is the name. The family or, as
44. 2:22such, the epitheto is. Epitheto. As we
45. 2:26said, the adjective also comes in place
46. 2:29of the family name, while the name.
47. 2:32Personal, we sometimes call it to mikro
48. 2:34onoma, meaning the first name or
49. 2:36personal name. Let's move to the other
50. 2:40list titled "Fyllo, fyllo, fyllo". Is
51. 2:43the gender. And what is meant here by
52. 2:45gender. Whether it is masculine or
53. 2:47feminine. To arseniko, to. Arseniko is
54. 2:51the masculine. The word arseniko means
55. 2:54the masculine. The official word
56. 2:58written in records, for example on
57. 3:00personal ID, is not "arseniko". But the
58. 3:04other word is used, which is "aren".
59. 3:07Aren, so aren is masculine. The
60. 3:10masculine, arseniko, is also used as
61. 3:13meaning masculine. And it is the most
62. 3:16common, but not as an official word in
63. 3:18the. In the ID record, in the passport,
64. 3:21we do not write, it is not written "
65. 3:23arseniko", but "aren" is written. In
66. 3:26the male register in the army, for
67. 3:28example. So arseniko is the masculine.
68. 3:31And aren is also a masculine word. But
69. 3:34the other official word is o andras. Of
70. 3:37course, "o" here is the definite
71. 3:39article. Andras, the man. As long as we
72. 3:41are talking about the masculine, then
73. 3:43the man is andras. This is the first
74. 3:45gender. The second gender is the
75. 3:47feminine, to thilyko. To thilyko, the
76. 3:51feminine. The same thing: arseniko,
77. 3:53thilyko, masculine, feminine. But the
78. 3:57feminine, the official word is "thily".
79. 4:00So if it is a woman, "thily" will be
80. 4:03written on her passport, not "thilyko".
81. 4:06Thily, thily. The last word is i
82. 4:10gynaika, the woman. As we know and
83. 4:14learned this word in many lessons. The
84. 4:18woman is gynaika and the man is andras.
85. 4:23The one after it is ilikia. We see this
86. 4:26title at the top, Ilikia. Ilikia is age
87. 4:30. Age, let's start with the sequence of
88. 4:34ages quickly. To moro. To moro is the
89. 4:38baby. To moro, the baby. The baby could
90. 4:43be days or months old, up to three or
91. 4:45four years, it is called moro. But the
92. 4:50stage that follows, the child is called
93. 4:52to nipio. To nipio. Some of us, or most
94. 4:57of us, know the word nipiagogeio is
95. 4:59kindergarten. In the years the child
96. 5:04enters from four to six years old,
97. 5:06these years the child is called nipio.
98. 5:10To nipio. The child is called nipio,
99. 5:13not moro. Because they passed the baby
100. 5:15stage and moved to the next stage. For
101. 5:17two years in kindergarten. Nipiagogeio
102. 5:20is called kindergarten. And here the
103. 5:23child is called nipio. The stage that
104. 5:26follows after six or seven. Years, the
105. 5:28child enters school and is called paidi
106. 5:31. To paidi. To paidi. Of course, the
107. 5:34word paidi, my dears, might also be
108. 5:36used for young people or even adults.
109. 5:39They might be 15 or 20 years old and we
110. 5:41call them paidi. But the true word
111. 5:44paidi is for a child, not for adults.
112. 5:48The correct use of the word paidi is
113. 5:50intended for the child, not a grown
114. 5:52young person, though it is sometimes
115. 5:54used. Of course, the next stage is the
116. 5:58adolescence stage or efivos. The
117. 6:03adolescent could be aged from 12 to 17.
118. 6:06Up to 18 years old. This age period
119. 6:09might be called adolescence. Or even 16
120. 6:12years old. In this period, they are
121. 6:15called efivos. They are called efivos
122. 6:18or efivos, the adolescent. The stage
123. 6:24that follows is the minor stage under
124. 6:2718; until now, under 18, whether they
125. 6:29are days old or up to 18, this entire
126. 6:32stage is covered by the word anilikos.
127. 6:39Anilikos or anilikos. It refers to a
128. 6:42person who is not an adult, under 18,
129. 6:45under 18. The word that follows, my
130. 6:53dears, is the adult person, more than
131. 6:5618, which is o enilikas or o enilikas.
132. 7:01Of course, here we add the letter "o,"
133. 7:03which is the definite article. Or o
134. 7:05enilikas. Enilikas is the adult. The
135. 7:11stage that follows is o mesilikas.
136. 7:16Mesilikas, if we break this word down,
137. 7:18it becomes mesi and ilikia. Ilikia, as
138. 7:21we mentioned above, is age. And mesi
139. 7:26comes from the word "middle." So this
140. 7:29word must mean middle age. Middle years
141. 7:33of age. Maybe in the forties. Maybe
142. 7:36around forty years old. Maybe, I am not
143. 7:39sure of the exact ages. But
144. 7:41approximately middle age. So, o
145. 7:44mesilikas. And the last one, the
146. 7:48elderly person. They might be over 65
147. 7:50or 70 years old. We call them o
148. 7:55ilikiomenos or o ilikiomenos. Of course
149. 7:58, here I mention the definite article "
150. 8:00o" or "o." And it is intended here as
151. 8:02the masculine article. Or if it were
152. 8:05feminine, we would change it to the
153. 8:07feminine article. We know that. But we
154. 8:11saw here the sequence of ages with the
155. 8:13word ilikia, from the small baby to the
156. 8:15elderly. We continue, my dears, with
157. 8:20the word katagogi. Katagogi is the
158. 8:24origin. Origin, my origin is from
159. 8:27so-and-so. This means that a person's
160. 8:30origin is from...They might live in
161. 8:32Greece but their origin is Egyptian.
162. 8:35Their roots are Egyptian, from the
163. 8:36father and grandfather. But they were
164. 8:38born in Greece. This is called katagogi
165. 8:41. This word is called that. The word,
166. 8:43of course, regarding the title below it
167. 8:46, is Topos Katoikias. Place of origin.
168. 8:49Topos Katoikias. The land of origin,
169. 8:52the place of origin, where I am from. I
170. 8:54am originally from Syria. Even if I
171. 8:56live in Greece. Or if I hold the Greek
172. 8:58nationality. Or if I was born in Greece
173. 9:00. I might be called Topos Katoikias. It
174. 9:03means the land of origin, the place of
175. 9:05origin. The next word is I chora. I
176. 9:10chora is the country. Chora, the
177. 9:13country. The next one is Katagogi apo,
178. 9:17meaning I am from such and such. I go
179. 9:20back to such a country, the country of
180. 9:22origin. The country that I return to,
181. 9:25or my roots return to. Or my roots
182. 9:29return to this country. My grandfather
183. 9:31or father is from this country.
184. 9:33Katagogi apo. I am originally from such
185. 9:35and such a place. I am originally from
186. 9:37such and such a place. The next one is
187. 9:42I genia, the generation. I genia, the
188. 9:47generation. The next one is O or I for
189. 9:52masculine and feminine. And the
190. 9:56feminine is Allodapos, the foreigner.
191. 9:59The foreigner, we foreigners who live
192. 10:01in Greece. Those of us living in Greece
193. 10:04, a person is called Allodapos. The
194. 10:08next one is O Xenos. The stranger, the
195. 10:12stranger is called Xenos. O Xenos as
196. 10:16well. The next one is I ypikootita.
197. 10:22Nationality. Ypikootita or Ithageneia,
198. 10:27nationality. It is called Ypikootita or
199. 10:31Ithageneia. Almost the same word with
200. 10:33the same meaning. And the last one is
201. 10:36Ethnikotita. Ethnikotita, ethnicity.
202. 10:41Ethnicity, the ethnicity of the country
203. 10:44in which I was born. And my country is
204. 10:47called Ethnikotita. Whereas I, as a
205. 10:50Syrian national holding Greek
206. 10:52nationality, have Ypikootita and not
207. 10:55Ethnikotita. This is not ethnicity, but
208. 10:58rather nationality, nationality.