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สำเร็จครั้งแรกของไทย ทำคลอดทารกแฝดแท้ 4 คน จากไข่ใบเดียวและใช้รกร่วมกัน — Transcript

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  1. 0:01We will be speaking with the doctor
  2. 0:03about how they reacted and what
  3. 0:04decisions were made the moment they
  4. 0:06discovered it was quadruplets. Let's
  5. 0:09have the doctor explain. The doctor is
  6. 0:12here now. Hello, Doctor.
  7. 0:14>> Hello.
  8. 0:15>> Yes, hello.
  9. 0:16>> I truly admire you and want to
  10. 0:18congratulate you. It’s absolutely
  11. 0:20amazing.
  12. 0:23>> Let's start from when you first found
  13. 0:25out it was twins—or rather,
  14. 0:26quadruplets—at how many months? How
  15. 0:31did they come to see you, Doctor?
  16. 0:37>> Well, the patient had been receiving
  17. 0:39prenatal care at Mae Sariang Hospital
  18. 0:41in Mae Hong Son province.
  19. 0:46>> I see.
  20. 0:47>> The patient had been attending prenatal
  21. 0:48checkups since she was about three
  22. 0:50months pregnant.
  23. 0:51>> And the doctor at Mae Sariang Hospital
  24. 0:53......
  25. 0:54>> examined her and discovered it was a
  26. 0:56multiple pregnancy.
  27. 0:56>> So, at three months, it was already
  28. 0:58visible, right? Yes, it was visible.
  29. 1:02>> If I may ask, normally, how soon do you
  30. 1:04find out if it's twins or a multiple
  31. 1:06pregnancy in a natural conception?
  32. 1:11>> Nowadays, with an ultrasound, you can
  33. 1:13find out quite early, around two months
  34. 1:15.
  35. 1:16>> I see.
  36. 1:17>> So, what happened after that?
  37. 1:18>> What happened next, Doctor?
  38. 1:20>> Yes. After that, the doctor at Mae
  39. 1:22Sariang took care of the patient as
  40. 1:24usual. She continued her prenatal care.
  41. 1:28Since the patient had travel
  42. 1:29difficulties and couldn't reach a major
  43. 1:31hospital......she was cared for there
  44. 1:33until she was about six months pregnant
  45. 1:35. Around 23 weeks. That was when she
  46. 1:40was referred to see the doctors at
  47. 1:41Maharaj Hospital.
  48. 1:43>> I see.
  49. 1:47>> Regarding quadruplets, when you find
  50. 1:49out it's four, does this happen often?
  51. 1:54I’ve heard that in the past, some
  52. 1:56cases weren't natural conceptions. And
  53. 2:00the doctors would say you have to
  54. 2:01reduce it to two or something like that
  55. 2:03. How do you explain that, or what is
  56. 2:06the procedure?
  57. 2:08>> Well, if you find out it's quadruplets,
  58. 2:10there are many more complications......
  59. 2:12>> compared to triplets or twins, and
  60. 2:14certainly more than a single pregnancy.
  61. 2:18>> Therefore, if it's discovered in the
  62. 2:20early stages, we have to consider many
  63. 2:22factors, including the mother's
  64. 2:23readiness and health, to see if she is
  65. 2:25capable of carrying four babies.
  66. 2:30>> Sometimes, we might have to reduce the
  67. 2:32number of fetuses to, say, two, for
  68. 2:34example.
  69. 2:36>> Yes.
  70. 2:39>> However, in this case, the mother was a
  71. 2:41healthy person with no underlying
  72. 2:43conditions, and when we examined all
  73. 2:45four babies, they were all healthy, so
  74. 2:47we planned to continue the pregnancy.
  75. 2:52>> Wait, Doctor, the mother is 33, which
  76. 2:54isn't exactly young, is it? Well,
  77. 2:57nowadays it's not considered that old,
  78. 2:59but in the past, being over 30 was
  79. 3:01considered a lot by standard.
  80. 3:03>> Yes.
  81. 3:04>> Oh.
  82. 3:06>> Hmm, and Doctor, once you reached 6
  83. 3:08months...
  84. 3:10>> Did they deliver on time?
  85. 3:14>> Well, it was within the standards for a
  86. 3:16quadruple pregnancy; the gestational
  87. 3:18age is usually around that much,
  88. 3:20averaging about 30 weeks.
  89. 3:22>> Yes.
  90. 3:23>> How many weeks is normal? I'm sorry,
  91. 3:25I've never given birth.
  92. 3:28>> For a single pregnancy, it's 40 weeks.
  93. 3:31>> 40, hmm.
  94. 3:33>> Full term is from 37 weeks up to 40
  95. 3:35weeks, or even a week or two beyond
  96. 3:37that is fine.
  97. 3:39>> But if it's twins, it gets shorter.
  98. 3:42>> Twins average about 36 to 38 weeks.
  99. 3:45>> If it's triplets, it gets even shorter,
  100. 3:48about 33 to 35 weeks.
  101. 3:50>> And quadruplets are 30 weeks.
  102. 3:52>> Were you worried, Doctor? When you
  103. 3:54first saw the case, were you worried?
  104. 3:56Yes, I was, because we knew for sure
  105. 3:58that a premature birth was inevitable.
  106. 4:00Was it her first pregnancy, Doctor?
  107. 4:03>> The mother already had one child, a boy
  108. 4:05who was over a year old when she became
  109. 4:07pregnant.
  110. 4:09>> Oh.
  111. 4:11>> During the period of managing the
  112. 4:13pregnancy until delivery, was it
  113. 4:14difficult or nerve-wracking, Doctor?
  114. 4:21>> We at Maharaj Hospital planned for the
  115. 4:23mother to be admitted to the hospital
  116. 4:25when she was about 7 or 8 months along.
  117. 4:30>> 7 months, that's about 27 weeks, to...
  118. 4:33>> Prevent an emergency premature delivery
  119. 4:35, since the mother's home was very far
  120. 4:37away.
  121. 4:38>> It would take about 4 to 5 hours to
  122. 4:40reach our hospital.
  123. 4:41>> Therefore, we had her admitted to the
  124. 4:42hospital starting at about 27 weeks of
  125. 4:44gestation.
  126. 4:45>> So, she just stayed in bed?
  127. 4:46>> She stayed in bed, received medication
  128. 4:48to help the babies 'lungs develop, and
  129. 4:49we monitored her condition.
  130. 4:50>> Yes.
  131. 4:51>> This was so that if any problems arose,
  132. 4:53we would have already practiced with
  133. 4:55our team, like a drill.
  134. 4:56>> If any issues arose, like premature
  135. 4:58labor, we would prepare an emergency
  136. 5:00surgical team; she was hospitalized for
  137. 5:02two weeks.
  138. 5:04>> Oh, I see, was it a natural birth or
  139. 5:06what happened?
  140. 5:08>> It was a C-section because the four
  141. 5:10babies were mostly not in the
  142. 5:11head-first position ready for a vaginal
  143. 5:13delivery.
  144. 5:14>> I see.
  145. 5:15>> I see.
  146. 5:16>> It was an emergency C-section.
  147. 5:18>> Oh, so it was an emergency too? Because
  148. 5:20...because...
  149. 5:21>> Yes, it was around 2:00 AM, I think,
  150. 5:23maybe 4:00 AM or 5:00 AM, by the time
  151. 5:26we...
  152. 5:27>> got everything ready.
  153. 5:28>> Hmm.
  154. 5:29>> How many medical staff members were
  155. 5:30involved?
  156. 5:31>> Uh, in total, it was probably around 20
  157. 5:33to 30 people, I’d say.
  158. 5:35>> Hmm, does that include the case study
  159. 5:37team?
  160. 5:38>> It’s not, it’s not easy.
  161. 5:41>> We had many teams, including the
  162. 5:43anesthesiologists to prepare the mother
  163. 5:45for surgery.
  164. 5:49>> Then there was the nursing team
  165. 5:51handling the surgical instruments, the
  166. 5:53OB-GYN team performing the surgery, and
  167. 5:55the neonatal team.
  168. 5:57>> Since there were four babies, we had to
  169. 5:58multiply everything by four, which is
  170. 6:00why it was a large group.
  171. 6:01>> We had to prepare for each baby
  172. 6:03individually because they might have
  173. 6:05had breathing difficulties upon
  174. 6:07delivery, so we had to be ready. Hmm.
  175. 6:09>> Doctor, did we plan from the start that
  176. 6:11in this case, the mother would
  177. 6:12definitely need a C-section and
  178. 6:14shouldn't attempt a natural birth? Can
  179. 6:16we plan like that?
  180. 6:17>> Yes, that’s usually the case.
  181. 6:19>> Almost 100%of these cases are difficult
  182. 6:21to deliver naturally.
  183. 6:23>> It’s hard, right? Given the positions
  184. 6:26, Doctor, could you describe what you
  185. 6:27remember from that day? We rarely get
  186. 6:32to see the atmosphere in the middle of
  187. 6:34the night, could you give us a rough
  188. 6:35idea of what happened?
  189. 6:38>> Well, I happened to be the doctor on
  190. 6:40call that night. But we had already
  191. 6:42practiced the plan, and the doctors
  192. 6:44would brief each other. Every shift, we
  193. 6:46have drills and handovers. So, if
  194. 6:48something happens, we know exactly how
  195. 6:50to proceed step-by-step. Like preparing
  196. 6:52the team and calling people in from
  197. 6:54home.
  198. 6:54>> So, when a situation like this arose
  199. 6:56and the mother started having labor
  200. 6:58pains...
  201. 6:59>> We performed an internal exam, the
  202. 7:01cervix was dilated, but since we could
  203. 7:03wait a bit, we started preparing the
  204. 7:04team.
  205. 7:05>> We called the team by phone.
  206. 7:07>> Specialist nurses from home.
  207. 7:09>> In the middle of the night? Yes, around
  208. 7:122:00 or 3:00 AM.
  209. 7:13>> I see.
  210. 7:14>> But that’s just standard procedure
  211. 7:15for us OB-GYNs, we...
  212. 7:16>> Oh.
  213. 7:17>> But there are so many, it really had to
  214. 7:19be a full-scale mobilization.
  215. 7:21>> I heard that when the babies came out
  216. 7:22...
  217. 7:22>> Because...
  218. 7:24>> Since it's quadruplets, they were all
  219. 7:26quite small.
  220. 7:28>> The smallest one was 800 grams, right?
  221. 7:30>> Yes, that’s correct, 800 grams.
  222. 7:34>> What do we do once they are out? Just
  223. 7:36imagining it, they are all under a
  224. 7:38kilogram.
  225. 7:39>> I mean, how? Wow, even holding a normal
  226. 7:42newborn is difficult. Here, you have to
  227. 7:46divide the weight by four, so they
  228. 7:48total about 3 kilograms, right? How do
  229. 7:52you do it, doctor? The handling, the
  230. 7:55holding...
  231. 7:57>> Well, we have to be very gentle.
  232. 7:59Usually, when we perform a C-section
  233. 8:01for very small babies...
  234. 8:03>> We gently ease or support the babies as
  235. 8:05they come out.
  236. 8:08>> The equipment is much smaller than
  237. 8:10usual, which our Maharaj team of
  238. 8:11neonatologists are experts in. We
  239. 8:14prepare instruments such as...
  240. 8:17>> Breathing tubes, for example.
  241. 8:19>> Oh.
  242. 8:20>> Or we have nurses who are specialized
  243. 8:22in drawing blood from infants, because
  244. 8:24their veins are extremely tiny.
  245. 8:26>> Right, I have to picture this. Let me
  246. 8:28ask—this might be a question others
  247. 8:30wouldn't think of, but I'm quite
  248. 8:32curious. When babies are born like this
  249. 8:35, is the first one out considered the
  250. 8:37oldest sibling?
  251. 8:38>> But in this case, when delivering, I
  252. 8:40don't know if you pick the biggest one
  253. 8:41first or the smallest one—the one
  254. 8:43that was only 800 grams, right? I don't
  255. 8:45know how you choose or determine the
  256. 8:47order of the siblings.
  257. 8:49>> Well, during surgery, we take whoever
  258. 8:51is closest to the incision. Let's put
  259. 8:54it that way. Once we cut and reach in
  260. 8:56...
  261. 8:57>> Whoever we encounter first.
  262. 8:59>> The first one we found turned out to be
  263. 9:01the one we call' A ', the eldest.
  264. 9:03>> Hmm.
  265. 9:05>> Boy is certainly curious.
  266. 9:06>> We learn as we go, we learn as we go.
  267. 9:09Many people know about this because it
  268. 9:10made the news.
  269. 9:12>> It was in the news, but we want the
  270. 9:14people who were actually there to tell
  271. 9:15the story.
  272. 9:17>> But the babies all have names now,
  273. 9:19doctor—Idea, Ida...did you have any
  274. 9:21part in naming them, doctor?
  275. 9:24>> Oh, not at all, that was entirely the
  276. 9:26parents.
  277. 9:27>> And once all four are out, do they
  278. 9:29normally have to go into an incubator
  279. 9:31or something similar, doctor?
  280. 9:34>> Yes, they must be in an incubator. We
  281. 9:36call it a NICU, which is a specialized
  282. 9:38ICU for newborns. We have to use
  283. 9:40special beds.
  284. 9:41>> Hmm.
  285. 9:42>> Yes, how special is this? Have we seen
  286. 9:45cases like this in Thailand before? I
  287. 9:48heard there was one in Ubon, right?
  288. 9:51>> Yes, but mostly—for quadruplets or
  289. 9:53triplets and up—those are usually
  290. 9:55pregnancies that didn't happen
  291. 9:57naturally. What’s special about our
  292. 10:01current case is that it was a natural
  293. 10:03conception.
  294. 10:05>> It's natural, and was there a history
  295. 10:07of twins in the family? Any history of
  296. 10:09twins from the parents? And it's a
  297. 10:11pregnancy that shares a single placenta
  298. 10:13, too.
  299. 10:15>> Yes, it's very rarely seen.
  300. 10:17>> I see.
  301. 10:18>> It's found abroad.
  302. 10:19>> By "single placenta," does that mean
  303. 10:21nutrients from the mother pass through
  304. 10:23a single channel to all four babies,
  305. 10:25right?
  306. 10:25>> Yes, that's correct.
  307. 10:27>> Oh.
  308. 10:29>> Doctor, how long does it take until we
  309. 10:31are confident that after they are born,
  310. 10:33we can say they will make it?
  311. 10:38>> Uh.
  312. 10:38>> All of them, speaking plainly as a
  313. 10:40layperson.
  314. 10:41>> Well, actually, you'd have to ask a
  315. 10:43neonatologist how confident they are.
  316. 10:47But usually, as an OB-GYN, I can say
  317. 10:49the most critical period is likely the
  318. 10:52first 24 to 48 hours.
  319. 10:54>> After that, we can gradually worry less
  320. 10:56, but during the period where we need
  321. 10:58to wait for them to grow, like the
  322. 11:00first week, there is still some risk.
  323. 11:03>> But after that, once everything settles
  324. 11:05, complications will gradually decrease
  325. 11:07. However, we still can't be completely
  326. 11:11at ease until they weigh at least 2
  327. 11:13kilograms, for example.
  328. 11:15>> I see.
  329. 11:16>> Doctor, let me ask: when the father was
  330. 11:19told there were quadruplets and saw
  331. 11:21their faces, you were there in that
  332. 11:23atmosphere—what was it like? The
  333. 11:26mother and father must have been happy,
  334. 11:28but how surprised was the father?
  335. 11:30>> The mother was more shocked than anyone
  336. 11:32! She said she was shocked by three,
  337. 11:33but then it became four.
  338. 11:35>> The father was shocked.
  339. 11:37>> Because he said that means he has five
  340. 11:38children now. What do you think, Doctor
  341. 11:40? Please, go ahead.
  342. 11:42>> I didn't encounter them myself from the
  343. 11:44start, but I met them when they came
  344. 11:46for prenatal care at 23 weeks, and the
  345. 11:48father was happy.
  346. 11:51>> And the family, their family is ready
  347. 11:53to raise them and takes very good care
  348. 11:55of them, too.
  349. 11:56>> They are from an ethnic tribe, right?
  350. 11:58Yes.
  351. 11:58>> Yes, that's right.
  352. 11:59>> Oh.
  353. 12:03>> The mother did say at first she was
  354. 12:05shocked thinking it was three, but when
  355. 12:07she found out it was actually four—
  356. 12:09did they have a history of twins in
  357. 12:10their bloodline, Doctor, on either the
  358. 12:12father's or mother's side?
  359. 12:17>> I believe the grandmother did, the
  360. 12:19mother's side of the grandmother.
  361. 12:21>> There were twins.
  362. 12:23>> Oh, just two, right?
  363. 12:24>> Well, having four siblings at once is
  364. 12:26rare, isn't it? Four!
  365. 12:30>> Doctor, what advice do you have for
  366. 12:32people with a family history of twins,
  367. 12:34or anyone who finds out they're
  368. 12:35pregnant—what should we check for
  369. 12:37safety? This case is really lucky that
  370. 12:42everyone survived, honestly.
  371. 12:44>> Yes, that's right.
  372. 12:46>> Mm.
  373. 12:46>> I recommend getting prenatal care as
  374. 12:48early as possible. Once you miss your
  375. 12:51period and test positive, you should
  376. 12:52come see a doctor right away, even if
  377. 12:54you're not sure what you'll see.
  378. 12:57>> Whether we can see the babies or not,
  379. 12:59the doctor will have methods to monitor
  380. 13:01the pregnancy from an early stage.
  381. 13:04>> Just testing positive with two lines—
  382. 13:06and this isn't for COVID, listeners—
  383. 13:08once you get those two lines, you
  384. 13:10should go see a doctor, right?
  385. 13:12>> Yes, exactly.
  386. 13:13>> Mm.
  387. 13:14>> Doctor, for identical twins like this,
  388. 13:16will they all look the same? As they
  389. 13:18grow up, will they be indistinguishable
  390. 13:20?
  391. 13:20>> They will be the same, mostly identical
  392. 13:22, though there might be tiny little
  393. 13:24details that make them look a bit
  394. 13:25different.
  395. 13:26>> When you see them, are they really that
  396. 13:28similar? At first glance, even if their
  397. 13:30weights are different, do you ever
  398. 13:31think, "Wow, the four of them look so
  399. 13:33much alike"? Do you get that feeling?
  400. 13:35>> Yes, even the doctor sometimes can't
  401. 13:36tell them apart.
  402. 13:39>> So, you really can't distinguish them?
  403. 13:41And how about the mother? Can she tell
  404. 13:43them apart?
  405. 13:44>> Oh, the mother can tell them apart? Are
  406. 13:46there any small details, Doctor?
  407. 13:48Besides their weight, do you see any
  408. 13:50other differences?
  409. 13:51>> There are some small details, like some
  410. 13:53of them might have a skin tag on the
  411. 13:55ear or a little mark on the nose, tiny
  412. 13:56things like that.
  413. 13:58>> And observation points when...
  414. 13:59>> Sometimes those appear later, so they
  415. 14:01might not have been there from the
  416. 14:02beginning.
  417. 14:03>> Because we never know, Doctor—and
  418. 14:05listeners—that in about 15 years, we
  419. 14:07might be reporting on these four
  420. 14:09quadruplets in the future, maybe
  421. 14:11sharing some great news about them,
  422. 14:13right?
  423. 14:14>> Yes, and the babies are very adorable.
  424. 14:17>> Are they considered safe now, since
  425. 14:19they’ve passed the vulnerable stage,
  426. 14:20right?
  427. 14:24>> Yes, they are safe, but we still need
  428. 14:26to keep monitoring them because
  429. 14:27complications can still arise, though
  430. 14:29they have decreased significantly.
  431. 14:34>> What kind of complications could happen
  432. 14:36? I'm asking for information, not just
  433. 14:40for the quads, but even for twins;
  434. 14:42those born very prematurely might have
  435. 14:44issues like vision problems, for
  436. 14:46example.
  437. 14:49>> Just as an example.
  438. 14:51>> Or hearing and other developmental
  439. 14:53aspects that we wouldn't know at birth,
  440. 14:54right?
  441. 14:56>> Yes.
  442. 14:56>> Hmm.
  443. 14:57>> But among these, is there anyone
  444. 14:58you’re worried about, Doctor? If we
  445. 15:00talk about this point, is there any
  446. 15:01baby you’re concerned about in this
  447. 15:03set?
  448. 15:03>> None at all. They are very strong. Oh,
  449. 15:05they’re incredibly strong.
  450. 15:08>> Is it because, during the pregnancy,
  451. 15:10did the mother share how she handled it
  452. 15:12? Did she have to walk a lot or do a
  453. 15:17lot of things, or how did she take care
  454. 15:19of herself?
  455. 15:22>> Well, from what I know, the mother...
  456. 15:29...she took good care of herself, and
  457. 15:31her family took good care of her, but
  458. 15:32she wasn't just staying still because
  459. 15:34staying still too much would make her
  460. 15:36stressed.
  461. 15:39>> Stress can lead to various
  462. 15:40complications, so she went about her
  463. 15:42life normally and also had to take care
  464. 15:44of her older child.
  465. 15:45>> Yes, yes, the older one is over two
  466. 15:47years old, right?
  467. 15:48>> About two years old, yes. She was able
  468. 15:50to do housework as usual. The mother is
  469. 15:52truly very strong.
  470. 15:53>> Very strong. If she weren't strong,
  471. 15:54they probably wouldn't have all
  472. 15:55survived, right, Doctor?
  473. 15:56>> Not at all. If she hadn't been strong,
  474. 15:58she wouldn't have been able to handle
  475. 15:59it.
  476. 15:59>> Hmm.
  477. 16:00>> Yes.
  478. 16:02>> But I ask this because a fellow
  479. 16:04reporter gave birth prematurely, and
  480. 16:05her child......
  481. 16:11>> the child had so many other conditions
  482. 16:12and had to stay in the hospital for a
  483. 16:14year. It was like...
  484. 16:17>> Yes, some cases...
  485. 16:18>> But this case is truly miraculous; I
  486. 16:20really have to use that word, Doctor.
  487. 16:23If compared to other cases, could you
  488. 16:25compare them for us?
  489. 16:27>> Well, for babies born prematurely......
  490. 16:31>> a portion of them will have
  491. 16:32complications, which is something we
  492. 16:33must inform the mother about from the
  493. 16:35start.
  494. 16:36>> Actually, from the time of prenatal
  495. 16:37care or during the pregnancy, that
  496. 16:39there is a possibility of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
  497. 16:41happening like this.
  498. 16:43>> Or it might not happen, but if the baby
  499. 16:45is born very prematurely, the chances
  500. 16:47are higher than a baby born closer to
  501. 16:49full term.
  502. 16:50>> Hmm.
  503. 16:51>> Uh-huh.
  504. 16:52>> And there could be the mother's
  505. 16:53underlying health conditions, and
  506. 16:55various other complications that, well
  507. 16:57...
  508. 16:58>> We wouldn't know about, right?
  509. 17:00>> Oh.
  510. 17:02>> Have there ever been cases like this
  511. 17:04with four? I don't mean whether they
  512. 17:07survived or not, but have there been
  513. 17:08cases with four? It does happen from
  514. 17:11time to time, yes, from time to time.
  515. 17:13>> But in the past, they didn't all
  516. 17:15survive, right? I have to put it that
  517. 17:17way.
  518. 17:17>> Yes, sometimes during the early stages
  519. 17:19of pregnancy, some miscarry, meaning
  520. 17:21one or two might pass away along the
  521. 17:23way, it just depends.
  522. 17:24>> Gradually...
  523. 17:25>> Oh, Doctor, do you mean that when a
  524. 17:26miscarriage happens, it's not always
  525. 17:28the whole thing? Can it be a partial
  526. 17:29miscarriage?
  527. 17:30>> Some do pass away along the way, yes,
  528. 17:32that happens.
  529. 17:33>> Oh.
  530. 17:33>> No, but in that case, what do we do,
  531. 17:36Doctor? How do we remove them when
  532. 17:38others are still there?
  533. 17:40>> Right.
  534. 17:40>> Well, we just leave the baby in the
  535. 17:42womb. Actually, in medicine, this
  536. 17:44happens quite often.
  537. 17:46>> Oh, really?
  538. 17:47>> Yes, and when the baby is born, the
  539. 17:49other one will come out, uh...
  540. 17:51>> Not breathing.
  541. 17:54>> It just stops growing on its own, it
  542. 17:56will get smaller and smaller until it's
  543. 17:58just a small, flat remnant left in the
  544. 18:00womb.
  545. 18:01>> Oh, I see. The reason I ask is because
  546. 18:05...
  547. 18:06>> There are cases like this, yes. Because
  548. 18:09usually, when someone miscarries, the
  549. 18:11doctor has to remove everything, like a
  550. 18:13D&C. Some miscarriages involve the
  551. 18:16whole pregnancy, but partial ones do
  552. 18:18happen.
  553. 18:19>> Right.
  554. 18:20>> Twins happen too; twins are quite
  555. 18:21common.
  556. 18:22>> Oh, really?
  557. 18:23>> Sometimes one baby passes away, and we
  558. 18:25have one left in the womb, and we can
  559. 18:28support the pregnancy to continue until
  560. 18:30full term. That's possible in most
  561. 18:33cases.
  562. 18:33>> But you have to see the doctor because
  563. 18:35there will be blood tests and many
  564. 18:36other things to check.
  565. 18:37>> Yes, Doctor, but honestly, the word...
  566. 18:40"
  567. 18:40>> Passing away" in our perception means
  568. 18:42it must decay or rot, so why can one
  569. 18:44baby pass away and nothing happens? How
  570. 18:46can it stay in the womb like that?
  571. 18:48>> Well, mostly in the womb, it's
  572. 18:50considered sterile, there are no germs
  573. 18:52or anything specific, so it's quite...
  574. 18:54>> The environment is quite...if the other
  575. 18:56child continues to grow during the
  576. 18:58pregnancy, it's like being inside a
  577. 19:00balloon, I see.
  578. 19:01>> And it will gradually crowd.
  579. 19:02>> Crowd the other balloon to make it
  580. 19:04smaller.
  581. 19:05>> Like this.
  582. 19:06>> But it doesn't mean it's 100%safe. Some
  583. 19:09people might even miscarry. That's why
  584. 19:13you need to see a doctor first to have
  585. 19:15them evaluate if it's okay.
  586. 19:18>> Doctor, let me ask you straight,
  587. 19:19because some people say, "Let's just
  588. 19:21have two at once." Between a normal
  589. 19:24pregnancy and twins, which is safer and
  590. 19:27better?
  591. 19:28>> Uh.
  592. 19:29>> A twin pregnancy is riskier by nature;
  593. 19:31it carries a lot of risk.
  594. 19:34>> Because not everyone can carry the
  595. 19:35pregnancy to full term.
  596. 19:37>> Yes.
  597. 19:37>> Sometimes there are complications like
  598. 19:39early miscarriages. Or one of the
  599. 19:41babies passes away. Or premature birth.
  600. 19:43If it's a premature birth, for example,
  601. 19:46if the gestational age is over 6-7
  602. 19:48months. Usually, the doctor can provide
  603. 19:50care so they survive. But if it's less
  604. 19:53than that, it might be very difficult
  605. 19:55for them to survive.
  606. 19:56>> Besides that, there are risks for the
  607. 19:58mother, such as preeclampsia.
  608. 20:00>> Diabetes or hemorrhaging.
  609. 20:02>> Yes.
  610. 20:03>> So it's riskier than having one baby at
  611. 20:05a time, right?
  612. 20:06>> That's right.
  613. 20:08>> This needs to be shared because some
  614. 20:10people feel—especially those with
  615. 20:12fertility issues—that they can use
  616. 20:13IVF or other methods. For normal
  617. 20:17pregnancies, we don't worry, but for
  618. 20:19those who use, say, assisted conception
  619. 20:21.
  620. 20:23>> Or injections; some people—like a
  621. 20:25colleague at my office who was so happy
  622. 20:27to be pregnant with triplets—had the
  623. 20:29means to raise them, but in the end,
  624. 20:31they lost them all.
  625. 20:34>> Yes, so the mother is carrying that
  626. 20:35risk.
  627. 20:36>> Uh.
  628. 20:37>> Actually, a twin pregnancy carries a
  629. 20:39lot of risk as well.
  630. 20:41>> Yes.
  631. 20:43>> It’s just that even with IVF, people
  632. 20:45sometimes fear it won't take—if I may
  633. 20:47use that term—so they decide to go
  634. 20:49for three.
  635. 20:52>> Getting pregnant with three is happy
  636. 20:54news, but then suddenly, losing them
  637. 20:55all is devastating.
  638. 20:56>> Yes, it is extremely risky.
  639. 20:59>> And what about cases where someone is
  640. 21:01pregnant, Doctor? Sometimes there are
  641. 21:04diseases that you wouldn't believe.
  642. 21:06I’d like to ask for some knowledge on
  643. 21:08this. Since you're here, there are some
  644. 21:11people who find out their baby might
  645. 21:12have a disability inside the womb. And
  646. 21:15the doctor recommends terminating the
  647. 21:17pregnancy because the baby wouldn't
  648. 21:19survive, like that. We will screen for
  649. 21:22these various diseases. They say it's
  650. 21:25related to chromosomes or something
  651. 21:26like that. What advice do you have for
  652. 21:29people nowadays regarding this? We can
  653. 21:31screen for it from the very early
  654. 21:33stages nowadays.
  655. 21:34>> Yes.
  656. 21:35>> Actually, you can start as early as 3
  657. 21:37months if you come for prenatal care.
  658. 21:39>> Our first ultrasound exam is done when
  659. 21:41we can see the baby's organs.
  660. 21:45>> At our Maharaj Hospital, the standard
  661. 21:47is 3 months, where we at least check
  662. 21:49the limbs, head, and visible internal
  663. 21:52organs.
  664. 21:53>> Yes.
  665. 21:54>> If we find anything then, we can
  666. 21:55diagnose it right away.
  667. 21:56>> Oh, I see. After that, we follow up
  668. 21:59with another ultrasound around 4 and a
  669. 22:01half to 5 months.
  670. 22:02>> At this stage, we can see cleft lips,
  671. 22:04small organs, heart, kidneys, liver,
  672. 22:07lungs, and everything. If we find any
  673. 22:09abnormalities, we can diagnose them
  674. 22:11before birth and advise on terminating
  675. 22:13the pregnancy in cases that cannot
  676. 22:14proceed, for example.
  677. 22:17>> What age does the mother need to be to
  678. 22:19require these tests? Some say at 30 you
  679. 22:25need to test this, at 35 you need an
  680. 22:27amniocentesis, and so on.
  681. 22:31>> Actually, it is recommended for all
  682. 22:33maternal ages.
  683. 22:34>> Not all maternal ages, sorry, every age
  684. 22:36is considered at risk.
  685. 22:38>> Yes, because modern technology allows
  686. 22:40us to test around 3 months by analyzing
  687. 22:42the baby's chromosomes from the
  688. 22:44mother's blood.
  689. 22:44>> Yes.
  690. 22:45>> So nowadays, just a blood test from the
  691. 22:47mother is enough to know.
  692. 22:48>> Oh.
  693. 22:48>> It's enough for screening.
  694. 22:50>> It's for screening, and if the doctor
  695. 22:52says the risk is high, then we proceed
  696. 22:54to amniocentesis.
  697. 22:56>> Do you have any further advice, Doctor,
  698. 22:57for mothers planning to get pregnant? I
  699. 23:02recommend getting prenatal care, but
  700. 23:04actually, you should prepare yourself
  701. 23:06even before conception. I suggest...
  702. 23:10>> Take care of yourself first to see if
  703. 23:12you are ready, such as having a
  704. 23:13preconception check-up.
  705. 23:15>> They actually recommend doing it even
  706. 23:17before marriage, if possible, for both
  707. 23:19you and your spouse.
  708. 23:21>> Oh, checking chromosomes and all that,
  709. 23:23right? Like checking for thalassemia,
  710. 23:27or if there are any carriers or family
  711. 23:29risks regarding genetics, and so on.
  712. 23:33>> Well, we can also get a check-up before
  713. 23:35, get a check-up before pregnancy.
  714. 23:37>> And prepare yourself to see if there
  715. 23:38are any underlying diseases that need
  716. 23:40to be managed.
  717. 23:41>> Before getting pregnant, for example,
  718. 23:43some people have diabetes or high blood
  719. 23:44pressure.
  720. 23:45>> For instance, if these are
  721. 23:46well-controlled before pregnancy,
  722. 23:48everything will go smoothly.
  723. 23:49>> More so than if we were to
  724. 23:51>> discover them only after becoming
  725. 23:53pregnant.
  726. 23:55>> Yes, prepare, prepare before getting
  727. 23:57pregnant, even before getting married?
  728. 24:01That is best.
  729. 24:02>> And before pregnancy, and once pregnant
  730. 24:04, you should come for prenatal care
  731. 24:05from the early stages.
  732. 24:07>> The doctor will provide guidance,
  733. 24:08something like that. Thank you so much,
  734. 24:11our time is up. Oh, see you next time.
  735. 24:15Thank you, goodbye. Goodbye, Associate
  736. 24:17Professor Dr. Fuanglada Thongprasert.
  737. 24:20Yeah.

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