3. US History - The English arrive (1) - Jamestown (1607) — Transcript

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1. 0:00How does colonization get started? Well,
2. 0:02if colonizers appear. Um, in this case,
3. 0:06this is one event, the first permanent
4. 0:08English settlements in the United
5. 0:10States. Um, however, as you can see up
6. 0:13here,
7. 0:14um, there were two attempts. Um, and
8. 0:17I've divided the slides for that. So,
9. 0:19you can also divide this in your notes.
10. 0:21So, I'll first be discussing the first
11. 0:23attempt. I'll let you know when I'm done
12. 0:24with that, and then move on to the
13. 0:26second attempt. Um the first time the
14. 0:29British tried to colonize um the United
15. 0:32States was in uh6007
16. 0:36as you can see here. They landed in
17. 0:38Virginia. That's the abbreviation for
18. 0:40Virginia. And they were merchants.
19. 0:43That's an important thing to remember.
20. 0:45Um they were simply merchants. So in
21. 0:48Dutch and all they wanted to do was make
22. 0:51money. That was their main goal for
23. 0:53moving uh to the new world. So they
24. 0:57arrived in Virginia and uh founded a
25. 0:59town called James Town. Uh this is what
26. 1:03it according to uh stories would have
27. 1:06looked like. As you can see, it's very
28. 1:07very basic. Um the fact that there will
29. 1:10be a second attempt kind of already
30. 1:13tells you that the first attempt wasn't
31. 1:15very successful. Um in fact, it failed
32. 1:18miserably
33. 1:19um for a very specific reason. This that
34. 1:22you see here is the James River. Um when
35. 1:26the settlers landed in Virginia, they of
36. 1:29course had to uh sort of you know build
37. 1:32shelter to to be able to survive. Um and
38. 1:35they decided on this island in the James
39. 1:39River. Um that was a huge huge rookie
40. 1:42mistake because as it turned out this
41. 1:45river had tides kind of like um like an
42. 1:48ocean or a sea would have tides. If you
43. 1:51don't know what a tide is, a tide is the
44. 1:53reason why if you go to the beach in the
45. 1:55morning, you can sit close to the
46. 1:57shoreline and you have to move back all
47. 2:01throughout the afternoon because the sea
48. 2:03rises. Um the same thing happened with
49. 2:06this river. So when they got there, it
50. 2:08was low tide. They decided to build this
51. 2:10rackety looking camp. Um however by the
52. 2:14time they were done and had planted some
53. 2:16crops and had built some shelter uh high
54. 2:19tide came in and pretty much everything
55. 2:21they had built or had planted there
56. 2:23flooded away and this uh James Town that
57. 2:27they founded in the middle of the James
58. 2:28River became more or less like a swamp.
59. 2:32Um this was a mistake uh obviously and
60. 2:36you can also tell from their numbers
61. 2:37they arrived with 105 people. So 105
62. 2:42British merchants and by the end of the
63. 2:44winter only 38 were still alive.
64. 2:47Everybody else had died from uh mainly
65. 2:49starvation, disease, uh cold, uh some of
66. 2:54them drowned and in general just you
67. 2:57know miserableness.
68. 2:59Um, maybe you've heard of this story or
69. 3:02of James Town uh because you've seen
70. 3:05this movie Pocahontas. Um,
71. 3:09Pocahontas
72. 3:11doesn't really tell the true story of uh
73. 3:14James Town. In fact, it's horribly
74. 3:16romanticized. Um, and let me ruin that
75. 3:20for you completely. So, uh, let me first
76. 3:24get rid of this ugly looking little
77. 3:28squiggle. You know how I like my
78. 3:30PowerPoints to look, you know, pretty.
79. 3:33Um,
80. 3:34okay. So, ruining the movie Pocahontas
81. 3:38for you. First of all, this is what they
82. 3:40actually looked like. So, as you can
83. 3:44see, this version of John Smith is a
84. 3:46pretty far cry from this blonde Donis
85. 3:49over here. Um, you can also kind of tell
86. 3:51from the pictures that he is way older
87. 3:54than she is, and you'd be right. Um,
88. 3:56Pocahontas at that point was only 10
89. 3:58years old. Uh, she was the chief of an
90. 4:00important Native American tribe uh,
91. 4:03located close to Jamestown. Uh, John
92. 4:06Smith was captured by this Native
93. 4:08American tribe and um, Pocahontas, the
94. 4:1210-year-old daughter of the chief who
95. 4:14gave him his food. Um, according to
96. 4:17legend, once saved him from aggressive
97. 4:20uh, tribe members and that's kind of
98. 4:24where the romanticism of the story ends.
99. 4:27Um, he
100. 4:30uh, escapes or is let go. I don't know
101. 4:32exactly. Either way, um Pocahontas's
102. 4:35father's tribe and John Smith's men um
103. 4:40get into a war, so start a war because
104. 4:43there's a food shortage. As you know,
105. 4:44people do weird things when they're
106. 4:46hungry. Um he liked Pocahontas. He was
107. 4:50charmed by her friendliness or whatever.
108. 4:53um and he decided to kidnap her and then
109. 4:55subsequently take her to um England
110. 5:00where he displayed her like a zoo animal
111. 5:03almost. So he put her in a cage. Uh and
112. 5:06the main idea behind that was to show
113. 5:08the people of England um what savages
114. 5:12what horrible savages these natives were
115. 5:14uh in order to get them to invest more
116. 5:16money in um the colonization. so uh that
117. 5:21these horrible savages could be
118. 5:23Christianized. Um after he had collected
119. 5:26enough money from uh the onlookers, he
120. 5:29decided to take her back to
121. 5:32um America.
122. 5:34However, she caught dysentery
123. 5:37um on the boat there. And if you don't
124. 5:39know what dysentery is, it's a
125. 5:41gastrointestinal disease um that causes
126. 5:45like a lot of diarrhea. like a lot of
127. 5:48diarrhea. Um, so it's kind of
128. 5:51disrespectful to say, but basically she
129. 5:53shot herself to death. Um, after she had
130. 5:57died from dysentery, they threw her body
131. 6:00off of the ship. And that is the magical
132. 6:02magical story of Pocahontas. Um, this
133. 6:06movie has been protested by Native
134. 6:09Americans for
135. 6:12ever since it uh was released. you can
136. 6:15kind of understand why I don't like
137. 6:17comparing things in history, but in this
138. 6:20case um again a Native American chief um
139. 6:25has said in the past that it would be
140. 6:27kind of like um making a Disney movie
141. 6:29about life in the concentration camps
142. 6:31and then showing how nice it would be
143. 6:33with boat rides and handsome strangers.
144. 6:36Um so Native Americans don't like this
145. 6:38movie since it has been um broadcast all
146. 6:41over the world. You know this movie,
147. 6:42you've probably seen this movie. I've
148. 6:44seen this movie and you get a really
149. 6:45really wrong idea of the things that
150. 6:47these uh British did to the natives. Um
151. 6:50either way they got their comeuppins
152. 6:52like I said most of them died by um the
153. 6:54end of the winter. So this attempt was
154. 6:57not a successful one and James Town no
155. 6:59longer