【幕末】205 明治新政府成立 王政復古の大号令と小御所会議【日本史】 — Transcript

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1. 0:00That is Naifu of TOKUGAWA.
2. 0:02This was an application for the return of the government that had been delegated to him by the Emperor of Japan and for him to resign from the post of shogun.
3. 0:07YOSHINOBU TOKUGAWA listened to them.
4. 0:14Hello everyone.
5. 0:16This time I would like to talk about the Decree for the Restoration of Imperial Rule.
6. 0:20the Decree for the Restoration of Imperial Rule was a decree that declared that Japanese politics had returned to a political system centered on the Emperor of Japan.
7. 0:29That declaration is not a simple declaration.
8. 0:34This is a coup because it is a declaration using force.
9. 0:38The political situation changed with this the Decree for the Restoration of Imperial Rule .
10. 0:42This begins the Boshin War , a battle between the new government army and the old Shogunate army.
11. 0:47Now that you understand the general flow, let's start by continuing the story from the previous video.
12. 0:58Please sort out the situation at that time.
13. 1:01At that time, Japan had three choices.
14. 1:05The first one is an overthrowing the Shogunate.
15. 1:07The second one was the Shogunate dictatorship.
16. 1:09The third is a government that is a coalition of domain.
17. 1:13These are the people who were promoting each, and their respective claims are being repulsed.
18. 1:18When YOSHINOBU TOKUGAWA became a shogun, he ruled under the dictatorship of the Shogunate, but he felt that he had reached his limits.
19. 1:26YOSHINOBU TOKUGAWA gave up, returned to Taisei Hokan and joined the inter- domain government.
20. 1:32From then on, the future political situation was divided into those who wanted to attack the shogunate by force and those who wanted a public government system.
21. 1:40I will add information.
22. 1:43The armed forces against the shogunate had received orders to overthrow the Tokugawa shogunate by force on the day of the Taisei Hokan .
23. 1:52This is a secret Imperial command to overthrowing the Shogunate .
24. 1:55The Tokugawa shogunate disappeared due to the Taisei secret Imperial command that preceded this Taisei Hokan edict, and the Mitsucho became invalid.
25. 2:03The faction of armed attack on the shogunate was deprived of the efficiency of armed suppression.
26. 2:06At this stage, the council government was dominant.
27. 2:10The Imperial Court was pleased with the Taisei Hokan.
28. 2:15The Imperial Court was happy that real political power was returning to The Imperial Court.
29. 2:20The Imperial Court had no time to rejoice, realizing the troubled situation it was in.
30. 2:24The Imperial Court had no experience in politics after the Kamakura shogunate.
31. 2:30The Imperial Court did not know how to conduct politics, and the political system was not in place.
32. 2:36In this situation, YOSHINOBU TOKUGAWA said, ``The Imperial Court should do politics.''
33. 2:42For The Imperial Court, that argument was impossible.
34. 2:45The Imperial Court withheld the answer and left politics to YOSHINOBU TOKUGAWA.
35. 2:50The Taisei Hokan was meaningless, and the situation remained the same as before.
36. 2:57This was detrimental to the overthrowing the Shogunate factions.
37. 3:00The pretext for overthrowing the Shogunate had been taken away, and YOSHINOBU TOKUGAWA had gained real political power.
38. 3:05It's the same situation as before, it didn't make sense.
39. 3:09The overthrowing the Shogunate group departed from Kyoto with close contact with the overthrowing the Shogunate group.
40. 3:15The overthrowing the Shogunate group went to the domain, explained the situation, and thought about leading the domain's army and dispatching troops to Kyoto.
41. 3:22The Shogunate's army was considering sending troops to Kyoto.
42. 3:26The Shogunate, which was not in Kyoto, did not know that the Taisei Hokan had been carried out by people on the Shogunate side who were in Kyoto.
43. 3:34The Shogunate, which was not in Kyoto, opposed the sudden Taisei Hokan.
44. 3:37The Shogunate army and the overthrowing the Shogunate factions gathered in Kyoto and began to rebel.
45. 3:45When an army gathers, the problem of controlling the Emperor of Japan arises.
46. 3:52Those who overthrowing the Shogunate focused on Emperor Meiji's maternal grandfather, Tadayasu Nakayama.
47. 3:59The overthrowing the Shogunate faction indirectly made Emperor Meiji an ally.
48. 4:03The overthrowing the Shogunate faction succeeded in controlling the Emperor of Japan.
49. 4:06The overthrowing the Shogunate faction tried to eliminate YOSHINOBU TOKUGAWA.
50. 4:09At that time , the Decree for the Restoration of Imperial Rule.
51. 4:13December 9, 1868. The Meiji government was established.
52. 4:24the Decree for the Restoration of Imperial Rule was issued on December 9, 1869.
53. 4:30It was a snowy day.
54. 4:32There have been meetings at the Imperial Palace for some time.
55. 4:35The meeting broke up at dawn, and those who had attended the meeting left.
56. 4:40Those who opposed the overthrowing the Shogunate did not leave and remained in the Imperial Imperial Palace.
57. 4:45Then TOMOMI IWAKURA appeared.
58. 4:47TOMOMI IWAKURA joined those who remained at the Imperial Palace from last night's meeting.
59. 4:51Around the same time, a military force with Satsuma as its main force appeared at the Imperial Palace and chased away the AIZU and Kuwana domain .
60. 4:59Then, the overthrowing the Shogunate forces gathered at the Imperial Palace.
61. 5:03With the opposition expelled from the Imperial Palace, Emperor Meiji issued the Decree for the Restoration of Imperial Rule.
62. 5:08That was the moment when it was decided that a new government would be established.
63. 5:12There are five contents of the Decree for the Restoration of Imperial Rule.
64. 5:16The first is YOSHINOBU TOKUGAWA's resignation as shogun.
65. 5:20The second is the abolition of Military governor of Kyoto and Kyoto deputy.
66. 5:23The third is the abolition of the Shogunate.
67. 5:26The fourth is the abolition of the Regent and Kanpaku.
68. 5:29The fifth issue is the establishment of a president, resolutions, and advisors.
69. 5:34It eliminates the one-tier government with the first and second provisions.
70. 5:38It abolishes the old regime in its third and fourth provisions.
71. 5:42This is the fifth provision that starts a new system.
72. 5:46The Tokugawa shogunate was destroyed by this grand edict to restore the monarchy.
73. 5:49A new government was established by a coalition of court nobles and major domains clans centered around Emperor Meiji .
74. 5:56The first meeting of the new government was held on the night of its establishment.
75. 5:59That is KOGOSHOKAIGI.
76. 6:01It is called KOGOSHOKAIGI because it was a meeting held in a small Imperial Palace of the Kyoto Imperial Palace .
77. 6:05This was discussed in front of Emperor Meiji behind the blinds.
78. 6:09The important story is the disposition of YOSHINOBU TOKUGAWA.
79. 6:13YODO YAMAUCHI of Tosa opposed the military coup.
80. 6:17“YOSHINOBU TOKUGAWA should not be ostracized.”
81. 6:20"YOSHINOBU TOKUGAWA should be called here."
82. 6:23"The anti-shogunate faction is trying to steal power by using the young Emperor of Japan."
83. 6:28YODO YAMAUCHI protested, but TOMOMI IWAKURA countered.
84. 6:31"This is right in front of the Emperor of Japan."
85. 6:33``It's rude of you to take advantage of the young Emperor of Japan.''
86. 6:38``TOKUGAWA wasted the imperial order, concluded a treaty, and killed many loyalists.''
87. 6:44``TOKUGAWA continues to own the land, the people, and the government.''
88. 6:48"If TOKUGAWA is remorseful, they should return them."
89. 6:53That was TOMOMI IWAKURA's claim.
90. 6:54KOGOSHOKAIGI couldn't finish the story, so I took a break.
91. 7:00During that break, TAKAMORI SAIGO made allegations against TOMOMI IWAKURA and TOSHIMICHI OKUBO.
92. 7:04"That can be resolved with a short sword."
93. 7:08TAKAMORI SAIGO said that if he killed YODO YAMAUCHI, the battle would be settled.
94. 7:13The Tosa Domain was surprised by TAKAMORI SAIGO.
95. 7:15SHOJIRO GOTO thought YODO YAMAUCHI would be killed.
96. 7:19SHOJIRO GOTO thought, ``We should leave today.''
97. 7:24After the break, the YOSHINOBU TOKUGAWA abolition group dominated the meeting.
98. 7:29It is the abolition of YOSHINOBU TOKUGAWA and his resignation.
99. 7:31It was decided that YOSHINOBU TOKUGAWA would not participate in the new government, and that he would be ordered to return government post as Minister of the Interior and his territory.
100. 7:41The first meeting of the new government has ended.
101. 7:43The era of a new government has begun.
102. 7:52How was this?
103. 7:53Although a new government was established, the old Shogunate did not remain silent.
104. 7:58The domain and Kuwana domain strongly opposed this.
105. 8:02“This treatment is unfair,” they argued.
106. 8:05It was a battle between the newly established new government army and the former Shogunate army that was in power.
107. 8:12It was the beginning of the Boshin War.
108. 8:15I will talk about the Boshin War in the next video.
109. 8:18See you in the next video.