【安土桃山時代】155 忙しい人のための安土桃山時代【日本史】 — Transcript

Full transcript

1. 0:01Hello everyone.
2. 0:03This time I will talk about the Azuchi–Momoyama period.
3. 0:07Famous figures from this period include Oda Nobunaga and Toyotomi Hideyoshi.
4. 0:12The Azuchi–Momoyama period can be roughly divided into two parts: the first half and the second half.
5. 0:18The first half of the Azuchi–Momoyama period can be considered the era of Oda Nobunaga, and the second half the era of Toyotomi Hideyoshi.
6. 0:25The fall of the Ashikaga shogunate marked the beginning of the Azuchi–Momoyama period.
7. 0:29Oda Nobunaga promoted the unification of the country.
8. 0:32Oda Nobunaga died in the Honnoji Incident .
9. 0:35Toyotomi Hideyoshi , who succeeded Oda Nobunaga , achieved national unification.
10. 0:40The Azuchi–Momoyama period was the first time in a long time that the country was unified.
11. 0:47Check out this video to find out what battles Oda Nobunaga and Toyotomi Hideyoshi went through to unify the country.
12. 0:57The Azuchi–Momoyama period began when Oda Nobunaga expelled Ashikaga Yoshiaki from Kyoto.
13. 1:04This marked the Ashikaga shogunate, which had lasted for about 240 years.
14. 1:08The shogun, ASHIKAGA YOSHIAKI, was eventually exiled to BINGONOKUNI, east of present-day Hiroshima.
15. 1:17This is a point to note.
16. 1:18The Ashikaga shogunate has fallen, but ASHIKAGA YOSHIAKI is still alive.
17. 1:24ASHIKAGA YOSHIAKI continued his anti-Nobunaga activities by reaching out to feudal lords around the country.
18. 1:30The upcoming battles can be easily understood by looking at the structure between the newly powerful Oda forces and the anti-Oda forces centered around ASHIKAGA YOSHIAKI.
19. 1:42ASHIKAGA YOSHIAKI continued his anti-Nobunaga activities by reaching out to feudal lords around the country.
20. 1:49As Oda Nobunaga expanded his territory, he came into contact with many hostile countries.
21. 1:55It is impossible for Oda Nobunaga to fight alone.
22. 1:58Therefore, Oda Nobunaga dispatched his Kashin to various regions and put them in charge of those areas to fight the battles.
23. 2:07As battles broke out in various places, the Oda clan's mission of unifying the country progressed.
24. 2:13After Oda Nobunaga had survived many battles and was close to achieving national unification, he received a request for help from Toyotomi Hideyoshi.
25. 2:23At that time, Toyotomi Hideyoshi was in charge of the Chugoku region.
26. 2:27The fighting in the Chugoku region was not going well.
27. 2:30Oda Nobunaga left Azuchi to help Toyotomi Hideyoshi and stayed at Honnoji Temple in Kyoto.
28. 2:36It was at this time that the Honnoji Incident occurred.
29. 2:391582.
30. 2:41This sudden incident forced Oda Nobunaga and his son, ODA NOBUTADA, to commit suicide.
31. 2:48The mastermind behind this incident was Oda Nobunaga's Kashin, AKECHI MITSUHIDE.
32. 2:52AKECHI MITSUHIDE took over politics in place of Oda Nobunaga and established the Akechi government.
33. 2:59It was HASHIBA HIDEYOSHI who stopped AKECHI MITSUHIDE.
34. 3:03Upon hearing the news of Oda Nobunaga's death, Toyotomi Hideyoshi ended the fighting and returned to Kyoto.
35. 3:09This is the "Chugoku Ogaeshi."
36. 3:10Toyotomi Hideyoshi, who returned in a hurry, clashed with AKECHI MITSUHIDE on the west side of Kyoto.
37. 3:16In this battle, AKECHI MITSUHIDE was defeated and killed.
38. 3:21With the loss of their head, the Oda clan must decide on their future course of action.
39. 3:26It was at this time that KIYOSU KAIGI was held.
40. 3:29It was not a simple matter that could be resolved through discussion.
41. 3:34The Oda clan split off due to KIYOSU KAIGI.
42. 3:36A conflict broke out between the Hideyoshi faction led by HASHIBA HIDEYOSHI and the anti-Hideyoshi faction led by SHIBATA KATSUIE.
43. 3:43Hideyoshi's faction won this battle.
44. 3:46The Hideyoshi faction that won this battle split up.
45. 3:49A battle broke out between the Hideyoshi faction and the Nobukatsu faction.
46. 3:52Toyotomi Hideyoshi gained power because he won the internal conflict within the Oda clan.
47. 3:59The Toyotomi Hideyoshi took over the national unification project that Oda Nobunaga had been pursuing and aimed to unify the country.
48. 4:07Toyotomi Hideyoshi forced the Chosokata clan of Shikoku to surrender and subjugated the Shimazu clan of Kyushu.
49. 4:12Toyotomi Hideyoshi eventually achieved national unification by subjugating the Hōjō clan of Kanto.
50. 4:19After unifying Japan , Toyotomi Hideyoshi next turned his attention to the other side of the sea.
51. 4:24This is the Japanese invasions of Korea.
52. 4:26Toyotomi Hideyoshi plotted to conquer the Ming Dynasty and demanded subjugation from the Chōsen king.
53. 4:32Since Chōsen did not submit to Toyotomi Hideyoshi, he sent troops to Toyotomi Hideyoshi twice.
54. 4:38Ultimately, Toyotomi Hideyoshi's death led to the army retreating.
55. 4:42This was one of the reasons why the Toyotomi government collapsed.
56. 4:46After Toyotomi Hideyoshi's death, Tokugawa Ieyasu took over power.
57. 4:51Toyotomi Hideyoshi had a son named TOYOTOMI HIDEYORI.
58. 4:54However, since Toyotomi Hideyori was still a child at the time, Tokugawa Ieyasu took control.
59. 4:59It was Ishida Mitsunari, who was indebted to Toyotomi Hideyoshi, who rebelled against Tokugawa Ieyasu.
60. 5:05The battle between these two men was the Battle of Sekigahara.
61. 5:08The winner of this battle was Tokugawa Ieyasu.
62. 5:11Japan was ruled by the victors of this battle, the Tokugawa clan.
63. 5:15Tokugawa Ieyasu, who became Shogun, established the Shogunate in Edo.
64. 5:20The Azuchi–Momoyama period ended and the Edo period began.