1301 Lecture 40 Van B, WHH, Tyler — Transcript

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1. 0:02hey hello 1301 students well here we go
2. 0:05again
3. 0:06uh presidential election of 1836.
4. 0:10andrew jackson's vice president martin
5. 0:12van buren is elected
6. 0:14defeats weak candidates remember that
7. 0:16interesting strategy they had
8. 0:19but vampirin wins and well
9. 0:23becomes president march 1837
10. 0:26and then hang on folks then
11. 0:30what no president wants to happen during
12. 0:33their presidency
13. 0:36in may 1837 a depression
14. 0:39hits the united states another
15. 0:42depression and depressions back in those
16. 0:44days are called panics
17. 0:46so this is the panic of
18. 0:511837 but don't let that name fool you
19. 0:54it lasted a lot longer than 1837 i think
20. 0:57it lasted seven years
21. 0:59all right so now there are many causes
22. 1:02of depressions
23. 1:03uh every depression has many causes but
24. 1:06of two causes of this depression
25. 1:08two causes can be laid back directly at
26. 1:12andrew
27. 1:12jackson the destruction of the bank of
28. 1:14the united states
29. 1:16and the species circular the destruction
30. 1:18of the bank of the united states
31. 1:20the bank of the united states no longer
32. 1:21control those little state banks they
33. 1:23can pop it up all over the place
34. 1:25not financially sound loaning out those
35. 1:28those bank notes without the cash to
36. 1:31back them up
37. 1:32then the species circular you buy
38. 1:34government land
39. 1:35you have to pay in gold or silver coins
40. 1:38land sales plummeted
41. 1:39those are two main causes of the
42. 1:41depression
43. 1:42both andrew jackson policies your book
44. 1:45gives examples of other other
45. 1:49causes of the depression and some of the
46. 1:50causes came from europe apparently
47. 1:52but many causes and and all the all the
48. 1:55nasty things that happened in the
49. 1:56depression happened in this one
50. 1:58businesses went out of business banks
51. 2:01went bankrupt
52. 2:03people lost their jobs people lost their
53. 2:05homes people lost their farms
54. 2:07farm prices for for crops plummeted
55. 2:11all the nasty thing unemployment went
56. 2:12way up of course
57. 2:14all the nasty things that happened any
58. 2:16depression happen
59. 2:17in this one well
60. 2:22the depression was not the fault of
61. 2:24martin van buren
62. 2:27part of the causes of this depression
63. 2:29can be laid at the feet of andrew
64. 2:31jackson
65. 2:31destroying the bank species circular
66. 2:37but whoever happens to be president at
67. 2:39the time of depression hits
68. 2:40that's who gets blamed and in this case
69. 2:43martin van buren
70. 2:44nobody's going to blame andrew jackson
71. 2:46for the depression my god he's still the
72. 2:48hero of new orleans
73. 2:49he saved the country from all kinds he
74. 2:51saved the country from the british at
75. 2:52norms
76. 2:53he saved the country from that evil bank
77. 2:55of the united states
78. 3:01van buren didn't cause the depression
79. 3:05but he really didn't do anything
80. 3:12to resolve the depression he really
81. 3:15didn't do anything
82. 3:16to try to fight the depression in fact
83. 3:19some of his policies made the depression
84. 3:23worse now there are those who believe
85. 3:25that in a big depression like this
86. 3:28only the power of the national
87. 3:30government can fight can effectively
88. 3:32fight this depression
89. 3:34he did not do that van buren did not do
90. 3:36that
91. 3:37he wanted he he still insisted on the
92. 3:39government keeping a hands-off policy
93. 3:41towards business and industry
94. 3:45now some things that van buren did that
95. 3:47worsened the depression
96. 3:50he stopped federal payment of internal
97. 3:52improvements
98. 3:54remember under jackson money uh from the
99. 3:57tariff
100. 3:57deposit money from the tariff now
101. 3:59deposited into the pet banks
102. 4:01that money is given given to the states
103. 4:03to fund internal improvements
104. 4:05well van buren stopped doing that he
105. 4:08stopped turning this money this
106. 4:10government money
107. 4:11over to the states and of course
108. 4:14that meant the loss of a lot of jobs the
109. 4:17loss of possible jobs
110. 4:19existing internal improvements were
111. 4:21halted a lot of people lost jobs
112. 4:24uh the federal spending he had figured
113. 4:27out federal spending cuts
114. 4:28no more money for the internal
115. 4:29improvements another thing he did if you
116. 4:32look at your jackson sheet here
117. 4:35number seven under the jackson sheet
118. 4:39van buren instituted the independent
119. 4:41treasury system now remember
120. 4:43money federal government money is being
121. 4:46deposited into those jackson pet banks
122. 4:48those were the 23 or so
123. 4:51jackson pet banks and a lot of these
124. 4:54little banks in the states
125. 4:55are going bankrupt including some of
126. 4:59these pet banks
127. 5:00and when the pet banks go under the
128. 5:01government loses the money that it has
129. 5:03in those pack banks
130. 5:04so in order to save the government money
131. 5:09van buren institutes the independent
132. 5:11treasury system
133. 5:121840 government money is taken out of
134. 5:15the state banks
135. 5:16pet banks and put into government
136. 5:18agencies which held the money until
137. 5:20needed to insure against loss
138. 5:22so the money is taken out of the pet
139. 5:23banks and put into government agencies
140. 5:26so if those banks go under the
141. 5:28government does not lose its money
142. 5:30however by taking that money out of
143. 5:32those
144. 5:33pet banks that money is now
145. 5:36not available to help
146. 5:39fight the depression in the form of
147. 5:42loans to start businesses
148. 5:44employ people things like that
149. 5:47so yeah van buren didn't cause the
150. 5:49depression
151. 5:51but some of his policies made it worse
152. 5:54and for that he has to take the blame
153. 5:59all right this brings us
154. 6:04to
155. 6:06the presidential election of 1840
156. 6:22depression is still going on in 1840.
157. 6:25and really
158. 6:27well there are two two political parties
159. 6:29here that we mentioned last time
160. 6:32there are the democrats
161. 6:35and the democrats nominate again
162. 6:38president bay buret
163. 6:43and then there's the wig party remember
164. 6:44the wig party in 1836 ran those three
165. 6:47regional candidates
166. 6:48well they're not doing that this time
167. 6:51they're running one candidate
168. 6:53who was one of those three back then
169. 6:55general william
170. 6:56henry harrison from ohio
171. 7:02the uh
172. 7:05wigs look at previous elections and say
173. 7:07you know how did andrew jackson get
174. 7:08elected
175. 7:09well he was a big military hero he's the
176. 7:11hero of new orleans
177. 7:13well and harrison was a general in the
178. 7:15army
179. 7:16and he had a big victory over the
180. 7:18indians the battle of tibet canoe
181. 7:20in 1811 1811 29 years ago
182. 7:24all right uh andrew jackson born in the
183. 7:26log cabin
184. 7:28the whigs said that harrison was born in
185. 7:31the log cabin
186. 7:32he wasn't but that's what they said
187. 7:34anyway truth the first casualty of
188. 7:36politics
189. 7:37uh jackson from the west tennessee
190. 7:40harrison harrison was originally from
191. 7:43virginia well
192. 7:44jackson was originally from i think
193. 7:46north carolina but he moved to us and
194. 7:47harrison moved west so he got a
195. 7:48westerner
196. 7:49so they're trying to out jackson jackson
197. 7:53but they really don't have to all the
198. 7:55whigs have to do in this campaign is say
199. 7:57one word
200. 7:58depression that's all they have to do
201. 8:01depression
202. 8:03well all right
203. 8:07the whigs want to return to the american
204. 8:10system
205. 8:12the democrats are still against it
206. 8:17because of the depression oh
207. 8:22harrison's vice presidential candidate
208. 8:26was john tyler from virginia more about
209. 8:28him in a bit
210. 8:30uh harrison had a nickname
211. 8:33tippet canoe because of his victory over
212. 8:35the indians at the battle of tippecanoe
213. 8:38in 1811. so the weights came up with the
214. 8:41first
215. 8:41really really fun campaigns presidential
216. 8:44campaign slogan
217. 8:45in reference to harrison and tyler
218. 8:47tippett canoe in reference to harrison
219. 8:50tiffa canoe and tyler too aha it rhymes
220. 8:54get it typically entitled to well
221. 8:56apparently tiffany canoe and tyler2 won
222. 8:58out because harrison wins this election
223. 9:00and it's not even close
224. 9:03234 electoral votes to van buren's
225. 9:0760. harrison gets almost four times as
226. 9:10many electoral votes
227. 9:11as as van buren so harrison is the
228. 9:15new president and when harrison became
229. 9:18president
230. 9:19on march 4 1841
231. 9:22he became the oldest to ever be
232. 9:24president at that time he was 68 years
233. 9:27old
234. 9:28that record would be broken by ronald
235. 9:30reagan
236. 9:31in 1981 he was 69 and then
237. 9:34that would be broken by donald trump in
238. 9:362017 he was
239. 9:38a 70-something leader of her blessing
240. 9:40van buren the oldest president
241. 9:42at that time all right now
242. 9:47one reason the whigs picked harrison was
243. 9:49because of his military record
244. 9:51he was a westerner they're trying to
245. 9:53have jackson jackson but another reason
246. 9:55uh the wigs picked harrison he seemed to
247. 9:58favor
248. 9:59a return to the american system
249. 10:03the whigs want to revive that old
250. 10:04american system remember henry clay
251. 10:07henry clay the author of the american
252. 10:08system he's a wig
253. 10:10he's a weak here so he wants to do that
254. 10:15and he thinks he's going to control
255. 10:16harrison well things don't work out
256. 10:19quite like you hope they do
257. 10:21harrison becomes president march 4 1841
258. 10:25and one month later april
259. 10:284 1941
260. 10:32harrison dies first president to die in
261. 10:36office
262. 10:38shortest presidency ever 30 days
263. 10:41he died of uh well you cholera your book
264. 10:45says something else
265. 10:47pneumonia your book says pneumonia i
266. 10:49think i heard cholera somewhere
267. 10:51well whatever it was he was dead
268. 10:54and john tyler is the new president
269. 10:58now john tyler had been a democrat a
270. 11:00jackson democrat
271. 11:03but he broke
272. 11:07with jackson over the nullification
273. 11:11issue tyler believed in nullification
274. 11:15tyler believed that a state could see
275. 11:18seed from the union and of course jaxa
276. 11:20was
277. 11:21violently opposed to both of those
278. 11:23things so he breaks with jackson over
279. 11:24that
280. 11:25and he breaks with van buren
281. 11:28over the independent treasury system
282. 11:30tyler believed that the federal money
283. 11:33should stay in the peck banks instead of
284. 11:36being removed
285. 11:37so he breaks with those two democrats
286. 11:39jackson
287. 11:40and babybjorn and joins the wing party
288. 11:44okay now henry clay
289. 11:48i just mentioned figured he could run
290. 11:50william henry harrison
291. 11:52and when tyler becomes president henry
292. 11:54clay figures he could run john tyler
293. 11:56but john tyler had another thing coming
294. 11:58for henry clay
295. 12:00john tyler made it known that henry clay
296. 12:02will not run him
297. 12:03he will be his own man
298. 12:08well
299. 12:10he had no sympathy tyler had no sympathy
300. 12:13for clay's programs
301. 12:15he did not want a third bank of the
302. 12:17united states one big thing henry clay
303. 12:19wants is a
304. 12:20third bank of the united states no part
305. 12:22of the american system
306. 12:23and twice twice the whig-dominated
307. 12:26congress
308. 12:28passed laws providing for a third bank
309. 12:31of the united states
310. 12:32and twice john tyler
311. 12:35vetoed those bills
312. 12:40tyler did okay a higher tariff in 1842
313. 12:43this is a tariff of 1842
314. 12:45he did okay a higher tariff in order to
315. 12:48get more government revenue
316. 12:50to help fight the depression but
317. 12:55tyler also approved of the repeal of the
318. 12:57independent treasury system now remember
319. 13:00he was against removing the money from
320. 13:01the pet bank so he agreed to repeal the
321. 13:03independent treasury system
322. 13:06john tyler is a president without a
323. 13:08party
324. 13:09he was elected vice president as a wig
325. 13:12but he opposes those major weak policies
326. 13:14dealing with the american system
327. 13:16especially the third bank of the united
328. 13:17states
329. 13:19and and the democrats see him as a
330. 13:22traitor
331. 13:23a traitor he was a democrat
332. 13:26and he went and joined those those wigs
333. 13:29we don't like him nobody likes them
334. 13:32he's a president without a party well
335. 13:36one good thing did come out of the tyler
336. 13:37administration in foreign policy if you
337. 13:39look at the last
338. 13:40item on your uh
339. 13:43and out there the last item 1842 the
340. 13:47webster
341. 13:48ashburton treaty daniel webster is the
342. 13:50secretary of state
343. 13:53there is a dispute between the united
344. 13:56states and great britain
345. 13:57over the border between maine
346. 14:00and canada maine of course the most
347. 14:03northeastern state in the country
348. 14:05there was a dispute on the border
349. 14:07between maine and canada
350. 14:09the united states was claiming the
351. 14:11border was further north
352. 14:13the british were claiming it was further
353. 14:15south and strangely enough
354. 14:18the americans claimed that they had a
355. 14:20map the americans said we have a map
356. 14:23that will prove our claim the border
357. 14:24should be further north
358. 14:26and they pulled out their map and by
359. 14:28golly the map showed that
360. 14:30the map that the americans provided
361. 14:33supported the british claim that the
362. 14:35border should be further south
363. 14:37the british said we have a map that
364. 14:39claims our border the border should be
365. 14:40further south
366. 14:41and that will go along with your map
367. 14:43that shows the borders further south and
368. 14:44the british produced their map
369. 14:46and by dolly the british may have proved
370. 14:48the american claim should have been
371. 14:49further north
372. 14:50kind of goofy there maybe they got their
373. 14:52maps mixed up i don't know anyway
374. 14:54uh they ended up compromising here
375. 14:58under the webster ashburton treaty the
376. 14:59united states received 7
377. 15:0112 of the disputed territory on the main
378. 15:04canadian border so okay they compromised
379. 15:07on that issue
380. 15:08so there you go john tyler a man without
381. 15:11party
382. 15:12uh he has no support in congress from
383. 15:14the whigs or the democrats
384. 15:17so all right
385. 15:21next time we're going to take up an
386. 15:23issue that i don't have time to go into
387. 15:25now because i want to put it all
388. 15:26together
389. 15:27that is uh we're going to delve some
390. 15:29more into the
391. 15:30issue of slavery in the united states
392. 15:34so okay we'll see you then folks bye-bye
393. 15:41you