1301 Lecture 30 Pike and Pirates — Transcript

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1. 0:02okay 1301 continuing on the last lecture
2. 0:07lewis and clark look at the map on 337
3. 0:11lewis and clark explored the northern
4. 0:13area of louisiana purchase well
5. 0:17the americans would like to know what's
6. 0:18in the southern part
7. 0:20so in
8. 0:23chosen to lead an expedition into the
9. 0:25southern part of louisiana purchase
10. 0:33army officer zebulon pike now
11. 0:37back in 1805 and 1806
12. 0:40pike led an expedition up the
13. 0:42mississippi river which is the eastern
14. 0:44border of the louisiana purchase
15. 0:46he led an expedition of the miss up the
16. 0:48mississippi river into what is today
17. 0:50northern minnesota
18. 0:52looking for areas to build forts see
19. 0:54what the british are up to up there
20. 0:56things like that well now in uh 18
21. 0:59uh that was 18 august 1805 to um
22. 1:05out of here somewhere august 1805 to
23. 1:08april 1806 and then about a couple of
24. 1:11months later in 1806
25. 1:13pike is ordered to take an expedition 20
26. 1:15men
27. 1:17and explore the southern part of the
28. 1:19louisiana purchase
29. 1:21his his goal remember
30. 1:24madison and livingston asked taliran
31. 1:27well basically
32. 1:28where's the border here of louisiana and
33. 1:30tyler and said well you know i don't
34. 1:32know
35. 1:32i don't know where it is you made a good
36. 1:34deal go check it out
37. 1:36now that's what pike's going to do so
38. 1:38his his main goal
39. 1:40is to find out where the border is
40. 1:42between the louisiana territory
41. 1:44and spanish territory out here okay
42. 1:47all right so and also like lewis and
43. 1:49clark he's to
44. 1:51take note of all the animals and plants
45. 1:54find out who the indians are loyal to
46. 1:56oh by the way once again they're loyal
47. 1:57to whoever happens to be there at the
48. 1:59time
49. 2:00are you loyal to the americans of course
50. 2:02they are americans leave british come
51. 2:03our loyal is the british spanish
52. 2:05government and spanish
53. 2:06you get the idea he's also mapped the
54. 2:09area just like lewis and clark
55. 2:11find out about rivers etc so he sets out
56. 2:15summer of 1806
57. 2:18heads into the southern part of the
58. 2:20louisiana purchase here
59. 2:21now the spanish find out about this of
60. 2:23course this is all spanish territory
61. 2:25here
62. 2:26the spanish find out about this the
63. 2:28spanish are still
64. 2:29paranoid they think there's still this
65. 2:33big
66. 2:33plot with the americans and the british
67. 2:35are probably still involved
68. 2:36to throw the spanish out of the americas
69. 2:40and they think pike is a spy a spy
70. 2:43to gauge spanish strength in this
71. 2:48area
72. 2:50he's not he's trying to find the border
73. 2:54out there
74. 2:54but spanish are paranoid and so the
75. 2:56spanish start uh to
76. 2:58keep tracks of where pike and his
77. 2:59expedition are eventually
78. 3:01the pike expedition goes into the rocky
79. 3:03mountains and they're looking for where
80. 3:05the border is you know it's not like
81. 3:07there's a line painted along the
82. 3:08mountain saying you know here's the
83. 3:09border
84. 3:13they're deep into the rocky mountains
85. 3:15vikings men
86. 3:16and they are approached by a spanish
87. 3:18military force
88. 3:20the spanish informed pike and his men
89. 3:22you are in spanish territory
90. 3:25pike basically says oh gee sorry you
91. 3:27know our bad we're looking for where the
92. 3:30border is
93. 3:31because we don't know where it is that's
94. 3:32why we're here we're looking to see
95. 3:33where the border is
96. 3:35to avoid such things well the spanish
97. 3:37said well you are in spanish territory
98. 3:40you are trespassing in spanish territory
99. 3:42you do not have permission to be here
100. 3:44and the spanish place pike and his men
101. 3:48under house arrest you know they're not
102. 3:51handcuffed they're not in chains
103. 3:54but the spanish are going to take them
104. 3:56down into what is now mexico
105. 3:59so they head out of the rocky mountains
106. 4:02the americans are under this house
107. 4:03arrest
108. 4:05they go down to the source of the rio
109. 4:08grande river
110. 4:09source of the rio grande river is in the
111. 4:11rocky mountains
112. 4:12so they follow the rio grande river
113. 4:14south spanish
114. 4:16and these american guests shall we say
115. 4:20and so the father of grand south going
116. 4:22through places
117. 4:23you know that we know of like santa fe
118. 4:26taos albuquerque
119. 4:30las cruces messiah
120. 4:33and next on that list is
121. 4:36a little town on both sides of the rio
122. 4:40grande
123. 4:40you may have heard of it
124. 4:45called el paso pike and his men
125. 4:48spend the night
126. 4:55of march 21 22 1807
127. 4:59right here in good old el paso
128. 5:03they stayed at the camino real hotel
129. 5:05downtown
130. 5:06i've checked the guest registers there i
131. 5:08saw his names everyone pike and men
132. 5:10no no no no no
133. 5:13well the next day march 22 they
134. 5:14continued down the rio grande
135. 5:17to what's today san jose
136. 5:24apparently they stayed and sent ellie a
137. 5:26couple of nights or so and
138. 5:28the mayor said ellie threw him a big
139. 5:29party
140. 5:31so saint ellie and then they head south
141. 5:35and they end up in the city of chihuahua
142. 5:37mexico
143. 5:39and they are held there as spies
144. 5:43well eventually the u.s
145. 5:46and the spanish work out a deal
146. 5:51pike and his men are released they head
147. 5:54north
148. 5:57across the rio grande
149. 6:00and they get to san antonio they spent a
150. 6:03week in san antonio
151. 6:09he spent a week in san antonio now why
152. 6:11do they spend a week in san antonio and
153. 6:13just one night in el paso well you know
154. 6:15as much as we love el paso let's just
155. 6:18face it
156. 6:18there's a lot more to do in san antonio
157. 6:20you can visit the alamo which by the way
158. 6:23was there in 1807.
159. 6:24you could visit the alamo and of course
160. 6:26there's always sea world
161. 6:28and six flags and go on the riverwalk
162. 6:31have all kinds of food there
163. 6:32all kinds of great stuff to do in san
164. 6:34antonio so they spend a week there
165. 6:36but eventually they leave san antonio
166. 6:38head east
167. 6:40and cross the sabine river into
168. 6:43louisiana
169. 6:44which is the united states of course all
170. 6:47right
171. 6:47so the pike expedition uh again pike
172. 6:50explored this area
173. 6:52found out what was there as much as he
174. 6:54could being against the spanish
175. 6:56so all right so another
176. 7:00sort of successful expedition you know
177. 7:02rather than getting captured
178. 7:03by the spanish it was a successful
179. 7:06expedition
180. 7:08unfortunately that little capture kind
181. 7:10of put a
182. 7:11negative aspect on it but pike did
183. 7:14accomplish the rules
184. 7:17all right so the louisiana purchase has
185. 7:21been explored and now the americans have
186. 7:24a pretty good idea of what is out there
187. 7:27and they know that the spanish are still
188. 7:29paranoid
189. 7:31all right now
190. 7:34let's see
191. 7:41write your book back in your book to
192. 7:43page
193. 7:44three three two three three two
194. 7:48there you go you gotta get my map here
195. 7:54there we go in foreign affairs
196. 8:00the united states is having a little
197. 8:02problem with a group of pirates
198. 8:04pirates
199. 8:11barbary pirates they are on the north
200. 8:14coast of
201. 8:14africa let me get you up here
202. 8:21north coast of africa here's the
203. 8:22mediterranean sea the barbary pirates
204. 8:25are basically
205. 8:26uh this area here basically this area
206. 8:29here north africa
207. 8:30barbary pirates pirates honest to guy
208. 8:34pirates
209. 8:36well if you look here on page 332 under
210. 8:38the barbary pirates
211. 8:40how about that um
212. 8:44on the barbary coast of north africa
213. 8:46what i just showed you on the map
214. 8:47the islamic rulers of morocco algiers
215. 8:50tunis and tripoli those nations
216. 8:52on the mediterranean there had for
217. 8:54centuries centuries
218. 8:56preyed upon unarmed european and
219. 8:59american merchant ships
220. 9:01the u.s government made numerous
221. 9:02blackmail payments to these barbary
222. 9:04pirates in exchange for captured
223. 9:05american ships and crews
224. 9:07so americans europeans ships doing
225. 9:11business
226. 9:11trading in the mediterranean they would
227. 9:13oftentimes be
228. 9:14captured by these barbary pirates then
229. 9:17the americans
230. 9:18the europeans would have to pay a bribe
231. 9:21blackmail to the pirates you know of
232. 9:24course you know if the ship paid the
233. 9:25bribe in advance then they wouldn't get
234. 9:26captured
235. 9:27well jefferson uh takes over
236. 9:31and he finds this to be abominable
237. 9:33totally
238. 9:34abominable excuse me
239. 9:38if you look at the next paragraph there
240. 9:39on 332 in 1801
241. 9:42the ruler of tripoli upped his blackmail
242. 9:44demands wanted more money
243. 9:46and declared war on the united states
244. 9:51the ruler of tripoli declared war on the
245. 9:54united states
246. 9:56the united states by the way did not
247. 9:58declare war back
248. 9:59however jefferson did send
249. 10:03a naval squadron with u.s marines
250. 10:06to the barbary coast of north africa
251. 10:10and from 1801
252. 10:16to 1805 the united states fought an
253. 10:19undeclared war yeah
254. 10:20they declared war on us but we didn't
255. 10:22declare war back
256. 10:24the u.s fought an undeclared war or a
257. 10:25half-declared war you might say
258. 10:27against the barbary pirates and this is
259. 10:29known as the war
260. 10:34the war of the barbary pirates
261. 10:42and in the in the end in the end
262. 10:47if you look on page 333 about halfway
263. 10:50down that first paragraph
264. 10:52uh the triple e ruler finally agreed to
265. 10:55a 60 000
266. 10:56ransom so the united states is going to
267. 10:58pay 60 000
268. 11:00ransom as opposed to a lot which was
269. 11:03less than the 300 000 the pirates
270. 11:05demanded
271. 11:06so yes we fought this four-year
272. 11:07undeclared war to reduce the bribe
273. 11:10from 300 000 to 60 000 i have no idea
274. 11:14what that is worth today however so
275. 11:18i the u.s kind of wins this war
276. 11:21or the barbary pirates 1801 1805.
277. 11:25all right now
278. 11:30this was a mere
279. 11:34minor headache compared to
280. 11:38some foreign policy difficulties that
281. 11:41are facing the united
282. 11:42states in europe you know we're into
283. 11:45as like i said we're in 1801 now
284. 11:49the war in europe has been going on for
285. 11:50eight years
286. 11:54again it's changed in its direction
287. 11:57remember the war originally started the
288. 11:58french revolutionaries wanted to spread
289. 12:00their revolution all over europe
290. 12:02toppled monarchies all over europe but
291. 12:04the whole thing's changed
292. 12:05with the ascension of napoleon bonaparte
293. 12:08to the leader of france he's
294. 12:09declared himself emperor france so the
295. 12:12french who got rid of the monarchy
296. 12:14back there in 1792-93
297. 12:18well they're back to a monarchy now
298. 12:20napoleon's the emperor
299. 12:21and the war has changed it's not to
300. 12:23spread it's not it's not to spread the
301. 12:25french revolution it's not the top of
302. 12:27monarchies
303. 12:28is to conquer europe so the us is still
304. 12:31facing this problem
305. 12:32with the french and with the british
306. 12:36but we'll uh we'll take that up next
307. 12:38time so we'll see you then
308. 12:44bye-bye