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اعطيني 100 ساعة وبخليك تتعلم الانجليزي من الصفر للاحتراف — Transcript

by دليلك للانجليزي · 278,963 words · 61,269 segments · language en · Watch on YouTube

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0:00Yes, I know. This is the first 100 hour
0:03long video for learning English on
0:05YouTube.
0:24Alhamdulillah.
0:56Get him.
1:07foreign.
1:34But yet Fore
2:05Foreign
2:22speech. Foreign foreign foreign speech.
2:36Dr. Steven crash
2:39comprehensible input.
2:49Blaine Ray
2:53TPRS
2:58speaking
3:03Fore
3:31grammar rules.
3:39video
3:52forever.
4:01Three minute speaking test. for
4:07us.
4:20You know how
4:25bestellers
4:42Microsoft.
4:58Alhamdulillah.
5:04Awesome.
5:09Let's jump into it.
5:16The obstacle is the way.
5:22Oh my god.
5:33Obstacles.
5:46for us.
6:17It's an amazing concept.
6:21[clears throat]
6:22The fire. The fire from the book The
6:27Obstacle is the Way by Ryan Holiday.
6:32Fire
6:34factory
6:36night
6:38cold.
6:41Father,
6:43son,
6:45burn,
6:47building.
6:49Tomorrow
6:51smoke.
6:54A factory is on fire.
7:01The night
7:03is cold.
7:18The fire grows fast.
7:22It jumps from building to building.
7:30The sky is full
7:33of smoke.
8:04Is the night
8:06cold?
8:16Yes,
8:18the night is cold.
8:23Is a factory on fire or a house?
8:33A factory is on fire.
8:37What is the sky full of?
8:48The sky is full of
8:53smoke.
8:58Let's jump into
9:03Let's keep it up.
9:04This is Thomas Edison's factory
9:09in New Jersey.
9:13It is December
9:161914.
9:34Edison is 67 years old.
9:39He works here almost every day.
10:03Is this Thomas Edison's factory?
10:17Yes.
10:20This is Thomas Edison's factory.
10:24[clears throat]
10:24in New Jersey.
10:27Is the factory in New Jersey
10:31or in New York?
10:39The factory is in New Jersey.
10:44How old is Edison?
10:57Edison is 67
11:01years old.
11:13and his tools.
11:17[gasps]
11:18Years of work
11:20are here.
11:37People say these buildings cannot burn.
11:42They are wrong.
12:00Are his machines and his tools
12:05inside?
12:16Yes.
12:18Inside are his machines
12:22and his tools.
12:25Are the people right
12:28or wrong?
12:35They are wrong.
12:39What do people say about these
12:42buildings?
12:53People say these buildings cannot burn.
13:04Firefighters come from many towns.
13:10They cannot stop the fire.
13:26His son Charles is 24.
13:32He runs through the big crowd.
13:53Can the firefighters stop the fire?
14:03No, they cannot stop the fire.
14:08Is Charles his son or his brother?
14:19Charles is his son.
14:23How old is his son? His
14:34son Charles is 24.
14:39>> Well done.
14:44>> He is looking for his father.
14:47He is afraid for him.
14:53Imagine
15:00you are Charles.
15:04Your father is old.
15:08His life's work is burning.
15:34Is Charles afraid
15:37for his father?
15:47Yes,
15:49he is afraid for him.
15:55Is his father young or old?
16:05His father is
16:07old.
16:10[gasps]
16:10What is burning?
16:19His life's work is burning.
16:25>> Congratulations. Let's keep going.
16:28>> You think he will be sad?
16:32Maybe he will cry.
16:42Charles finds him.
16:46His father is calm.
16:50He is watching the fire.
17:15Does Charles find his father?
17:27Yes.
17:29Charles
17:31finds him.
17:34Is his father calm
17:38or sad?
17:45His father is calm.
17:50What is his father
17:52watching?
17:59He is watching
18:01the fire.
18:10>> Then Edison says something strange
18:15to his son.
18:27He tells Charles to bring his mother and
18:32her friends.
18:34[laughter]
18:46They'll never see a fire like this
18:49again, he says.
19:08Does Edison say something
19:11strange to his son?
19:23Yes.
19:26He says something strange to his son.
19:32Does he ask for his mother or for the
19:37firefighters?
19:47He tells Charles to bring his mother and
19:51her friends.
19:54What does Edison say about the fire?
20:08He says they'll never see a fire like
20:12this again.
20:21Charles does not understand.
20:26His father is losing so much.
20:43Most of the buildings burn.
20:48The loss is almost
20:52$1 million.
21:19Does Charles
21:21understand?
21:32No,
21:35Charles does not understand.
21:40Do most of the buildings burn
21:44or only one?
21:52Most of the buildings burn.
21:57How big is the loss?
22:10The loss is almost $1 million.
22:20That's great.
22:24Now it is morning.
22:28Smoke is still in the cold air.
22:46Edison walks through what is left.
22:52Everything is [clears throat]
22:54black.
23:09Awesome.
23:15[cough]
23:18Is the smoke
23:20still in the air?
23:32Yes.
23:35Smoke is still in the cold air.
23:41Is everything
23:43black [clears throat]
23:45or white?
23:53Everything
23:55is black.
23:58Where does Edison
24:01walk?
24:09Edison walks
24:12through what is left.
24:16>> I'm super proud of you.
24:20He does not talk about the fire.
24:25He talks about tomorrow.
24:40He tells the reporters he is 67.
24:45Still he will start again.
25:04>> Awesome. Wait. Let's go.
25:07>> Does Edison talk about the fire?
25:20No,
25:22he does not talk about the fire.
25:26Does he talk about the fire
25:30or about tomorrow?
25:39He talks about tomorrow.
25:45What does he tell the reporters?
25:59He tells the reporters he is 67.
26:04Still he will start again.
26:14>> His workers clean. [snorts]
26:18They build.
26:21They work very hard day after day.
26:42about 3 weeks later,
26:45parts of the factory work again.
27:01>> Great.
27:05Do his workers
27:07work hard?
27:19Yes,
27:21they work very hard day after day.
27:28Does the factory work again after 3
27:32weeks
27:34or 3 years?
27:46About three weeks later,
27:49parts of the factory work again.
27:54What do his workers do?
28:06His workers clean.
28:09They build.
28:15>> The book The Obstacle is the Way uses
28:20this night.
28:30Edison could not stop the fire.
28:36He could choose the next day.
28:56Let's jump into it.
28:59Could Edison
29:01stop the fire?
29:12No,
29:14Edison could not stop the fire.
29:19Could he choose the fire
29:23or the next day?
29:33He could choose the next day.
29:39What book uses this night?
29:52The book The Obstacle is the Way uses
29:57this night.
30:00>> Congratulations.
30:06>> Maybe you lost something this week.
30:11A test,
30:14a chance,
30:16a job.
30:33It is okay to feel sad tonight.
30:38Tomorrow morning, build one small thing.
30:59The fire takes one night.
31:03The morning is yours.
31:21Let's jump into it.
31:24>> Is it okay to feel sad tonight?
31:37Yes,
31:40it is okay to feel sad tonight.
31:46Does the fire take one night or one
31:50year?
32:01The fire takes one night.
32:06The morning is yours.
32:10What can you build tomorrow morning?
32:23Tomorrow morning,
32:25build one small thing.
32:36The grammar we practice today am is a a
32:41factory is on fire.
32:45The night is cold.
32:50They are wrong.
32:53His father is calm.
33:02Congratulations.
33:04You practiced 37 words in this story and
33:08you learned a lot.
33:36Great job.
33:41foreign.
34:13and let's keep going.
34:16The psychology of money and I love this
34:18book because
34:48I don't care.
35:02Two men and their money. Two men and
35:06their money. From the book, The
35:08Psychology of Money by Morgan Hel.
35:12Money.
35:15House.
35:17Car.
35:19Wood.
35:21Wait.
35:23Lose.
35:25Die
35:27town.
35:29Save
35:32secret.
35:34Two men,
35:37two lives,
35:39one big lesson about money.
35:56Morgan Howel tells their story
36:00in the psychology of money. Awesome.
36:26>> Is this a story
36:28about two men?
36:40Yes.
36:44Two men,
36:46two lives,
36:49and one big lesson about money.
36:54Is the lesson about money
36:57or about cars?
37:07It is one big lesson
37:10about money.
37:13Who tells their story.
37:25Morgan Howel tells their story
37:30in the psychology of money.
37:39The first man is Ronald Reed.
37:44He lived in Vermont in America.
38:02For many years he fixed cars at a gas
38:06station.
38:20speaking.
38:23>> Did Ronald Reed fix cars?
38:36Yes.
38:39For many years he fixed cars at a gas
38:42station. [clears throat]
38:45Was he from Vermont
38:49or from New York?
39:00He was from Vermont.
39:03He lived in Vermont in America.
39:08Where did he fix cars?
39:17He fixed cars at a gas station.
39:29>> Then he cleaned floors in a big shop.
39:34It was simple work.
39:48He drove an old car. He cut his own wood
39:52for the fire.
40:06Was
40:09his work simple?
40:18Yes,
40:20it was simple work.
40:24Was his car old or new?
40:32His
40:38car was old.
40:41He drove an old car.
40:45What did he cut for the fire?
40:54He cut his own wood for the fire.
40:59>> All right, back to the story.
41:02Every month he saved a little money.
41:06Just a little.
41:18With it he bought small parts of big
41:22strong companies.
41:34Then he waited.
41:37He waited for years and years.
41:58Did he save a lot of money
42:02every month?
42:13No.
42:16Every month he saved a little money.
42:21Just a little.
42:24Whether companies small
42:28or big,
42:38the companies were big
42:41and strong.
42:44What did he do then?
42:56Then he waited.
43:00He waited
43:02for years
43:04and years.
43:11>> The second man is Richard Fusone.
43:16He studied at Harvard.
43:30He was a top boss at a New York bank.
43:50Was the second man a top boss?
44:03Yes.
44:06He was a top boss at a New York bank.
44:12Was the bank in New York or in Vermont?
44:23The bank was in New York.
44:28Who was the second man?
44:40The second man was
44:43Richard Fusone.
44:48>> That's amazing.
44:51>> He made a lot of money.
44:56He stopped work in his 40s.
45:11He wanted a very big house,
45:17so he borrowed a lot of Honey,
45:36how
45:41did he make a lot of money?
45:52Yes,
45:54he made a lot of money.
45:59Did he want a small house
46:03or a very big house?
46:13He wanted a very big house.
46:19What did he do for the house?
46:29He borrowed
46:32a lot of money.
46:38Let's jump into
46:43Let's keep it up. The house was huge.
46:50It had pools,
46:52lifts, and many rooms.
47:11Now you may say the clever man wins,
47:16right?
47:35Was the house small?
47:46No,
47:48the house was huge.
47:52Did the house have many rooms
47:56or one room?
48:08It had pools,
48:10lifts, and many rooms.
48:15Who wins, you may say?
48:27You may say the clever man wins.
48:38>> Wait.
48:42In 2008,
48:45big money problems hit the whole world.
49:07Soon he could not pay back his loans.
49:28>> Could he pay back
49:31his loans?
49:42No,
49:45soon he could not pay back his loans.
49:50Were the money problems in 2008
49:56or in 2014?
50:07The money problems were in
50:122008.
50:15What hit the whole world in 2008?
50:28Big money problems hit the whole world.
50:38>> He lost his money.
50:43He lost his big house, too.
51:00And the man who cleaned floors,
51:05he died in 2014
51:09at 92.
51:15Awesome.
51:33Did he lose
51:36his big house?
51:48Yes, he lost his money.
51:52He lost his big house, too.
51:57Was the man who cleaned floors old
52:02or young when he died?
52:15He was old.
52:17He died in 2014
52:21at 92.
52:24When did he die?
52:34He died in 2014
52:38at 92.
52:48When he died, his town learned his
52:52secret.
52:56People were surprised.
53:14He had more than $8 million.
53:26Most of it went to his town's hospital
53:30and library.
53:43I have your job.
53:45>> Were people
53:48surprised?
53:58Yes.
54:00People were surprised.
54:04Did his money go to his town
54:08or to a bank?
54:19Most of it went to his town's hospital
54:24and library.
54:27What was his secret?
54:38He had more than $8 million.
54:45>> Well done.
54:50>> So, who was better with money?
54:55Not the man from Harvard.
55:12The quiet man who waited was better.
55:29Was the man from Harvard better with
55:32money?
55:40No,
55:42not the man from Harvard.
55:46Was the better man
55:49quiet
55:51or loud?
55:58The quiet man [clears throat]
56:01was better.
56:04Who was better
56:06with money?
56:16The quiet man who waited
56:20was better.
56:28The old car, the wood, the waiting.
56:34That was his secret
56:49with money. A clever mind is not enough.
56:56Daily habits matter more.
57:17Let's jump into it.
57:19Is a clever mind enough with money?
57:33No.
57:36With money, a clever mind is not enough.
57:42Do daily habits matter more or a clever
57:47mind?
57:56Daily habits matter more.
58:01What three things were his secret?
58:15The old car,
58:17the wood,
58:20the waiting.
58:23That was his secret.
58:27>> That's amazing.
58:30Let's jump into
58:33Save a little.
58:36Do not borrow for a big show.
58:43Then
58:44wait.
59:01English grows the same way.
59:06A little lovely day
59:08for a long time.
59:24One rule for today.
59:27Small,
59:30quiet,
59:31and every day.
59:52Let's jump into it.
59:55Should you borrow for a big show?
1:00:08No.
1:00:10Do not borrow for a big show.
1:00:15Should you save a lot at once
1:00:19or a little?
1:00:28Save a little
1:00:30then wait.
1:00:34How does English grow?
1:00:47English grows the same way a little
1:00:51every day
1:00:53for a long time.
1:01:03The grammar we practice today was were
1:01:08it was simple work.
1:01:12He was a top boss at a New York bank.
1:01:18The house was huge.
1:01:22People were surprised.
1:01:31Congratulations.
1:01:32You practiced 303 words in this story
1:01:36and you learned a lot.
1:02:00Congratulations.
1:02:03Art of learning.
1:02:33Oh my god.
1:02:34Distress.
1:02:45The noisy park.
1:02:47>> The noisy park from the book The Art of
1:02:51Learning by Josh Weightskin.
1:02:56Quiet.
1:02:58Park [clears throat]
1:03:00noise.
1:03:02Play
1:03:04game.
1:03:06Fast
1:03:09place.
1:03:11Bored.
1:03:13Calm.
1:03:15Loud.
1:03:18Look at this picture.
1:03:22There is a big park in New York.
1:03:39There are many small tables.
1:03:43On each table there is chess.
1:03:49Awesome.
1:04:11Is there a big park
1:04:15in New York?
1:04:27Yes,
1:04:29there is a big park in New York.
1:04:35Are there many tables
1:04:39or one table?
1:04:49There are many
1:04:51small tables.
1:04:54What is there on each table?
1:05:06On each table
1:05:09there is
1:05:11chess.
1:05:17Men play very fast.
1:05:21They talk loudly.
1:05:25They laugh at each [laughter] other.
1:05:34People
1:05:42walk by.
1:05:45Children shout.
1:05:49There is noise everywhere.
1:06:08Now it's your turn. Answer the
1:06:11questions.
1:06:13>> Do the men play
1:06:16slowly?
1:06:25No,
1:06:27men play very fast.
1:06:31Do they talk loudly
1:06:34[clears throat] or softly?
1:06:42They talk loudly.
1:06:46Where is there
1:06:48noise?
1:06:56There is noise everywhere.
1:07:01>> Extraordinary. Let's keep it up.
1:07:05>> Now, a question.
1:07:11Where is the best place to learn chess?
1:07:30Stand at those tables
1:07:33and listen.
1:07:38Could this be a school?
1:08:00speaking skills.
1:08:03>> Is there a question
1:08:06about chess?
1:08:17Yes.
1:08:20Where is the best place to learn chess?
1:08:26Is the question about the best place
1:08:32or the best player?
1:08:43The question is about the best place to
1:08:47learn chess.
1:08:50Where do you stand
1:08:52and listen?
1:09:02stand at those tables
1:09:06and [clears throat] listen.
1:09:14>> Most people say no.
1:09:18A quiet room is better.
1:09:31There is a good teacher and a clean
1:09:35board.
1:09:44Now [gasps]
1:09:45meet a small boy.
1:09:49His name is Josh Weightskin.
1:10:12Is there a good teacher in a quiet room?
1:10:26Yes,
1:10:29there is a good teacher
1:10:32and a clean board.
1:10:36Do most people say a quiet room
1:10:41or a noisy park?
1:10:52Most people say a quiet room is better.
1:10:59What is the boy's name?
1:11:09His name is
1:11:12Josh Weightskin.
1:11:20He was 6 years old.
1:11:24He walked in this park with his mother.
1:11:41He saw the men and the fast chess.
1:11:48He loved it.
1:12:09Was he six years old?
1:12:21Yes,
1:12:23he was 6 years old.
1:12:27Did he walk in the park with his mother
1:12:32or his father?
1:12:41He walked in this park
1:12:45with his mother.
1:12:48What did he see?
1:12:58He saw the men and the fast chess.
1:13:04>> Congratulations. Let's keep going.
1:13:08Soon he sat at the tables. He played
1:13:12against these men.
1:13:26The men were strong, clever players.
1:13:32They played every day.
1:13:51Did he play
1:13:53against these men?
1:14:04Yes.
1:14:05He played against these men.
1:14:10Were the men
1:14:13weak or strong players?
1:14:25The men were strong,
1:14:29clever players.
1:14:32How often did the men play?
1:14:42They played
1:14:45every day.
1:14:53>> They talked to him during the game.
1:14:57They tried to scare him. [laughter]
1:15:12They said things to make him angry.
1:15:16They made him feel small. [laughter]
1:15:39Did they talk to him during the game?
1:15:52Yes.
1:15:55They talked to him during the game.
1:16:00Did they try to
1:16:02help him
1:16:05or scare him?
1:16:14They tried to scare him.
1:16:20How did they make him feel?
1:16:29They made him feel
1:16:32small.
1:16:38>> At first, the noise was hard for a small
1:16:42boy.
1:16:52He played them again and again.
1:16:57He did not stop coming.
1:17:15Was the noise easy for him at first?
1:17:30No.
1:17:33At first the noise was hard for a small
1:17:38boy.
1:17:40Did he stop coming
1:17:43or keep coming?
1:17:52He did not stop coming.
1:17:56What did he do again and again?
1:18:08He played them again
1:18:11and again.
1:18:19Each time he watched the men,
1:18:25he listened to them.
1:18:33Slowly
1:18:41he learned to stay calm in the noise.
1:18:56He looked at the board, not at the men.
1:19:14Did he learn
1:19:16to stay calm?
1:19:28Yes.
1:19:31Slowly
1:19:32he learned to stay calm
1:19:36in the noise.
1:19:39Did he look at the board
1:19:43or at the men?
1:19:53He looked at the board,
1:19:57not at the men.
1:20:01What did he do
1:20:03each time
1:20:15each time he watched the men,
1:20:21he listened to them.
1:20:31The noise was still there.
1:20:34It did not move him. Now
1:20:46later he won top chess prizes in
1:20:50America. [applause]
1:21:01Let's jump into it.
1:21:03Did the noise move him now?
1:21:12No, it did not move him now.
1:21:18Was the noise gone
1:21:21or still there?
1:21:29The noise was still there.
1:21:34What did he win later?
1:21:46Later he won top chess prizes in
1:21:50America.
1:21:53I'm super proud of you.
1:21:58>> He was still a boy.
1:22:02The noisy park was still his school.
1:22:18So, here is the missing clue.
1:22:22The noise was the lesson.
1:22:42Was the noisy park still his school?
1:22:57Yes,
1:22:59the noisy park was still his school.
1:23:05Was he still a boy
1:23:09or a man?
1:23:16He was still
1:23:18a boy.
1:23:20What was the lesson?
1:23:31The noise was the lesson.
1:23:40Let's jump into the
1:23:44Let's keep it up.
1:23:47A quiet room teaches you the game.
1:23:51[clears throat]
1:23:53A noisy place
1:23:56teaches you calm.
1:24:15Now your English
1:24:20books and classes are the quiet room.
1:24:45Does a noisy place teach you calm?
1:24:59Yes.
1:25:02A noisy place
1:25:05teaches you calm.
1:25:09Does a quiet room teach you the game
1:25:15or calm?
1:25:25A quiet home
1:25:28teaches you the game.
1:25:33What is the quiet room for your English?
1:25:45Books and classes
1:25:48are the quiet room.
1:25:51>> Congratulations.
1:25:57>> Real English is loud.
1:26:03People speak fast.
1:26:09Nobody waits for you.
1:26:27So do not only study in a quiet room.
1:26:33Go where English is real.
1:26:51There is a noisy park for your English,
1:26:55too.
1:26:57Where is yours?
1:27:12Final round.
1:27:17Is there a noisy park for your English?
1:27:32Yes,
1:27:34there is a noisy park for your English,
1:27:38too.
1:27:41Is real English
1:27:43quiet
1:27:45or loud?
1:27:57Real English is loud.
1:28:01People speak fast.
1:28:06Where should you go?
1:28:14Go where English is real.
1:28:26The grammar we practice today. There is
1:28:29There are
1:28:31There is a big park in New York.
1:28:36There are many small tables.
1:28:41On each table there is chess.
1:28:46There is noise everywhere.
1:28:55Congratulations.
1:28:57You practiced 314
1:29:00words in this story and you learned a
1:29:03lot.
1:29:06That's amazing. Awesome.
1:29:13Amazing.
1:29:36Crazy.
1:29:39for
1:30:07what is
1:30:18for
1:30:29E1. Way too.
1:30:42Awesome.
1:30:46Alhamdulillah.
1:30:59for
1:31:16WhatsApp.
1:31:34influence.
1:32:20The strange gift. The Strange Gift from
1:32:25the book Influence by Robert B.
1:32:28Chaldini.
1:32:30Hungry.
1:32:33Country.
1:32:35Remember,
1:32:37send
1:32:39food.
1:32:41Thank
1:32:44friend.
1:32:46Rain.
1:32:48Gift.
1:32:50War.
1:32:531985
1:32:57in Ethiopia
1:32:59in East Africa.
1:33:02There was almost no food.
1:33:24There was no rain.
1:33:26The crops died.
1:33:31Many people
1:33:33were hungry.
1:33:51Awesome.
1:34:01Was there food in Ethiopia in 1985?
1:34:15No, there was almost no food.
1:34:21Was there rain
1:34:23or was there no rain?
1:34:31There was no rain.
1:34:36Who was
1:34:38hungry?
1:34:44Many people were hungry.
1:34:55There was also war.
1:35:01It was a very hard time.
1:35:16Countries around the world sent food and
1:35:20money to Ethiopia.
1:35:32Then far away,
1:35:35something terrible happened in Mexico.
1:35:39Was
1:35:57there also
1:35:59war?
1:36:09Yes,
1:36:11there was also war.
1:36:15Did countries send food
1:36:19or did they send nothing?
1:36:29They sent food and money to Ethiopia.
1:36:35Where did something
1:36:38terrible happen?
1:36:47Something terrible happened in Mexico.
1:36:56There was a strong earthquake in Mexico
1:37:00City.
1:37:02Big buildings fell down in seconds.
1:37:21Thousands of people died.
1:37:25Many families lost their homes.
1:37:43speaking skills.
1:37:46>> Was there an earthquake
1:37:49in Mexico City?
1:38:01Yes,
1:38:03there was a strong earthquake in Mexico
1:38:07City.
1:38:09Did big buildings fall in seconds
1:38:14or in days?
1:38:24Big buildings fell down in seconds.
1:38:30What did many families
1:38:33lose?
1:38:41Many families
1:38:43lost their homes.
1:38:52>> Now Mexico needed help, too.
1:38:58Many countries sent help.
1:39:14One gift was $5,000.
1:39:21Guess where it came from?
1:39:38Now it's your turn. Answer the
1:39:41questions.
1:39:43>> Did Mexico need help?
1:39:54Yes.
1:39:57Mexico needed help, too.
1:40:01Was the gift $5,000
1:40:06or $50?
1:40:16One gift was $5,000.
1:40:22What did many countries send?
1:40:32Many countries
1:40:34sent help.
1:40:38>> Fabulous. Let's keep it up.
1:40:42>> It came from Ethiopia.
1:40:48The Ethiopian Red Cross sent this gift.
1:41:09A writer named Robert Chaldini read this
1:41:13news.
1:41:16It surprised him.
1:41:35Let's jump into it.
1:41:38Did the gift come from
1:41:42Ethopia?
1:41:52Yes,
1:41:54it came from Ethiopia.
1:41:59Did the Red Cross or a writer send this
1:42:04gift?
1:42:12The Ethiopian Red Cross sent this gift.
1:42:17Who read this news?
1:42:30A writer named Robert Chelini
1:42:34read this news.
1:42:41Maybe you feel the same.
1:42:45Ethiopia needed that money.
1:42:49Its people were hungry.
1:43:06Maybe it was a mistake.
1:43:10Maybe someone wrote the wrong country.
1:43:30>> Were the people of Ethiopia
1:43:34hungry?
1:43:44Yes,
1:43:47Ethiopia needed that money.
1:43:51Its people were hungry.
1:43:55Did someone write the right country or
1:44:00the wrong country?
1:44:10Maybe someone wrote the wrong country.
1:44:15What did Ethiopia
1:44:18need?
1:44:25Ethiopia needed that money.
1:44:31>> Extraordinary. Let's keep it up.
1:44:35Why would hungry people send money to
1:44:39another country?
1:44:51Then Chelini learned why
1:44:54there was an old reason.
1:45:15Did hungry people
1:45:18send money to another country?
1:45:30Yes,
1:45:33hungry people
1:45:35sent money to another country.
1:45:40Was there a new reason or an old reason?
1:45:50There was an old reason
1:45:55who learned why
1:46:02Chaldini learned why
1:46:11>> long before in 1935
1:46:15there was another war.
1:46:18The army of Italy attacked Ethiopia.
1:46:39Ethiopia needed friends.
1:46:44There were many strong countries. They
1:46:47did very little
1:47:05speaking.
1:47:10Was there another war
1:47:14in 1935?
1:47:27Yes.
1:47:29In 1935
1:47:32there was another war.
1:47:36Did the army of Italy or Mexico
1:47:42attack Ethiopia?
1:47:52The army of Italy attacked Ethiopia.
1:47:58What did Ethiopia
1:48:01need?
1:48:09Ethiopia needed
1:48:12friends.
1:48:17Let's jump into
1:48:22Let's keep it up.
1:48:24>> Mexico was far away,
1:48:28but Mexico spoke up for Ethiopia.
1:48:34It stood with Ethiopia.
1:48:53Ethiopia did not forget. 50 years later,
1:48:59it paid back.
1:49:21Did Mexico
1:49:23speak up for Ethiopia?
1:49:36Yes,
1:49:38Mexico spoke up for Ethiopia.
1:49:44Did Ethiopia
1:49:46forget
1:49:48or did it remember?
1:49:57Ethiopia
1:49:59did not forget.
1:50:03When did Ethiopia
1:50:05pay back?
1:50:1550 years later, it paid back.
1:50:21>> All right, back to the story.
1:50:24>> Now, look at the same news again.
1:50:34There was no mistake.
1:50:39The gift was a thank you that waited 50
1:50:45years.
1:51:06speaking.
1:51:09>> Was there a mistake?
1:51:21No,
1:51:23there was no mistake.
1:51:27Was the gift a thank you or a mistake?
1:51:39The gift was a thank you.
1:51:45How long did the thank you wait?
1:51:57It waited
1:51:5950 years.
1:52:03Congratulations.
1:52:04Let's keep going.
1:52:07>> Ethiopia was poor and hungry.
1:52:12It still remembered its friend.
1:52:27Years later, he put this story in his
1:52:31book, Influence.
1:52:44>> Awesome.
1:52:45Let's go.
1:52:47>> Was Ethiopia
1:52:50rich?
1:53:01No,
1:53:03Ethiopia was poor and hungry.
1:53:09Did Ethiopia
1:53:11remember
1:53:13or forget its friend?
1:53:22It still remembered its friend.
1:53:27Where did he put this story?
1:53:40He put this story in his book influence.
1:53:52Kindness is not lost.
1:53:57People remember it.
1:54:12Families remember,
1:54:17countries. Remember
1:54:22sometimes
1:54:24for a very long time.
1:54:43Think about the people who helped you
1:54:47with English.
1:55:02>> Is kindness
1:55:05lost?
1:55:15No,
1:55:18kindness is not lost.
1:55:22Do people remember kindness
1:55:26or do they forget it?
1:55:34People
1:55:36remember it.
1:55:38Who remembers?
1:55:48Families remember,
1:55:51countries. Remember,
1:56:00maybe a teacher, a friend, a video, or a
1:56:05book.
1:56:07Remember
1:56:161985?
1:56:20There was no rain
1:56:23and no food.
1:56:27A hungry country still said, "Thank you.
1:56:55Was there rain in 1985?
1:57:09No,
1:57:12there was no rain
1:57:16and no food.
1:57:19Did a hungry country say thank you or
1:57:25say nothing?
1:57:35A hungry country
1:57:38still said thank you.
1:57:42Who helped you with English?
1:57:55Maybe a teacher,
1:57:58a friend,
1:58:00a video
1:58:02or a book.
1:58:05>> Congratulations.
1:58:11>> It remembered.
1:58:15Now it is your turn.
1:58:29Today, write one short thank you in
1:58:34English.
1:58:37Send it to someone who helped you.
1:58:55final round.
1:59:01>> Is it your turn now?
1:59:13Yes.
1:59:16Now it is your turn.
1:59:21Do you write a thank you in English
1:59:25or in Arabic?
1:59:36Write one short thank you in English.
1:59:42Who do you send it to?
1:59:50Send it to someone who helped you.
2:00:02The grammar we practice today. There was
2:00:06there were in Ethiopia in East Africa.
2:00:10There was almost no food.
2:00:14There was no rain.
2:00:18There was also war.
2:00:22There was a strong earthquake in Mexico
2:00:24City.
2:00:32Congratulations.
2:00:34You practiced 322
2:00:36words in this story and you learned a
2:00:39lot.
2:01:00It's all working.
2:01:23Lincoln, the unknown.
2:01:27Dale Carnegie,
2:01:33Ibraham Lincoln.
2:01:47The Old Barrel.
2:01:49>> The Old Barrel from the book Lincoln the
2:01:53Unknown by Dale Cariegi.
2:01:57Old
2:01:59read
2:02:01book
2:02:03page
2:02:05barrel
2:02:07young
2:02:09lawyer
2:02:11open
2:02:13new
2:02:15magic
2:02:18an old wooden barrel
2:02:22dusty
2:02:25heavy
2:02:29full of old things.
2:02:48Nobody wanted this barrel.
2:02:52Its owner wanted it gone.
2:03:07Long ago,
2:03:09a young man ran a small shop.
2:03:16Was
2:03:35it an old barrel? Bro,
2:03:46yes.
2:03:49It was an old
2:03:52wooden barrel.
2:03:56Did a young man or an old man run the
2:04:00shop?
2:04:07A young man ran a small shop
2:04:12who wanted the barrel.
2:04:22Nobody wanted this barrel.
2:04:33The shop was in New Salem, a tiny
2:04:38American village.
2:04:49He was tall,
2:04:52strong,
2:04:54and poor.
2:04:58He had very little school.
2:05:16The young man's name was Abraham
2:05:21Lincoln.
2:05:33Great.
2:05:38Was the shop in a big city?
2:05:50No,
2:05:52[gasps] the shop was in New Salem,
2:05:57a tiny American village.
2:06:02Was the young man rich or poor?
2:06:17He was tall,
2:06:20strong,
2:06:22and poor.
2:06:25What was the young man's
2:06:28name?
2:06:39The young man's name was
2:06:43Abraham
2:06:44Lincoln.
2:06:54>> One day, a traveler stopped his wagon at
2:06:58the shop.
2:07:07The wagon was full.
2:07:10He was moving far to the west.
2:07:28Did a traveler stop at the shop?
2:07:41Yes.
2:07:44A traveler stopped his wagon at
2:07:47[clears throat] the shop.
2:07:50Was the wagon full or empty?
2:08:00The wagon was full.
2:08:04Where was he moving?
2:08:14He was moving
2:08:16far to the west.
2:08:23He asked Lincoln to buy an old barrel.
2:08:29He needed space.
2:08:42The young man did not need it,
2:08:47but he wanted to help.
2:09:02Now it's your turn. Answer the
2:09:05questions.
2:09:07Did he ask Lincoln to buy an old barrel?
2:09:22Yes.
2:09:24He asked Lincoln to buy an old barrel.
2:09:30Did the young man need the barrel or did
2:09:35he want to help?
2:09:46He did not need it.
2:09:50He wanted to help.
2:09:54What did the traveler need?
2:10:03He needed space.
2:10:07>> All right, back to the story.
2:10:10>> He paid 50 cents for it.
2:10:15Then he put the barrel in a corner.
2:10:29Sometime later, he emptied the barrel
2:10:33onto the floor.
2:10:44Awesome.
2:10:50Did he pay
2:10:5350 cents for the barrel?
2:11:06Yes,
2:11:08he paid 50 cents for it.
2:11:14Did he put the barrel in a corner
2:11:18or on the table?
2:11:26He put the barrel in a corner.
2:11:31What did he do sometime later?
2:11:43He emptied the barrel onto the floor.
2:11:55>> Old things.
2:11:58More old things.
2:12:02Then at the very bottom,
2:12:06books.
2:12:24They were famous law books
2:12:28by a man called Blackstone.
2:12:44law books explain the rules that a
2:12:48country follows.
2:13:04Were there books at the bottom of the
2:13:08barrel?
2:13:19Yes.
2:13:22At the very bottom there were books.
2:13:28Were they law books
2:13:32or story books?
2:13:41They were famous law books.
2:13:47What do law books explain?
2:14:01Law books explain the rules that a
2:14:05country follows.
2:14:12Let's jump into
2:14:16Let's keep it up.
2:14:18>> He sat down and started to read.
2:14:24He could not stop.
2:14:40Few customers came in summer.
2:14:45So he read and read and read.
2:15:06speaking.
2:15:12Did he stop reading?
2:15:21No,
2:15:23he could not stop.
2:15:27Did [clears throat] many customers come
2:15:30in summer or few customers?
2:15:36Few
2:15:40customers came in summer.
2:15:44What did he do in the summer?
2:15:56He read and read and read.
2:16:08Page after page,
2:16:11day after day,
2:16:15week after week.
2:16:33He read them again
2:16:36and again.
2:16:39He learned them well.
2:17:03Did he read the books again and again?
2:17:18Yes,
2:17:20he read them again and again.
2:17:26Did he read one page or page after page,
2:17:43page after page,
2:17:47day after day?
2:17:51How well did he learn them?
2:17:59He learned them well.
2:18:08Something new started inside him.
2:18:14He wanted to be
2:18:17a lawyer.
2:18:33It was not fast.
2:18:37He borrowed more books and kept
2:18:40studying.
2:19:01Did something new you
2:19:04start inside him?
2:19:17Yes.
2:19:19Something new
2:19:21started inside him.
2:19:25Did he want to be a lawyer
2:19:28or a shop owner?
2:19:38He wanted to be a lawyer.
2:19:43What did he borrow?
2:19:52He borrowed more books.
2:19:59Yes sir.
2:20:01>> A few years later he became a lawyer.
2:20:14Later still he became the president of
2:20:19the United States. [cheering]
2:20:31Read that number again.
2:20:3650 cents.
2:20:50Let's jump into it.
2:20:52Did he become
2:20:55a lawyer?
2:21:06Yes.
2:21:09A few years later, he became a lawyer.
2:21:15Did he become a teacher
2:21:18or the president?
2:21:30He became the president of the United
2:21:35States.
2:21:38What is that number?
2:21:4750
2:21:49cents.
2:21:56One old barrel,
2:22:00one old book,
2:22:04one new life.
2:22:21Why did it work?
2:22:26The book was not magic.
2:22:46Was the book magic?
2:22:56No,
2:22:59the book was not magic.
2:23:03Was it one old life
2:23:07or one new life?
2:23:19One old book,
2:23:23one new life.
2:23:28What was old,
2:23:39one old barrel,
2:23:43one old book.
2:23:51He opened it every day in every quiet
2:23:56hour.
2:23:59That was the magic.
2:24:16Maybe you have an old English book at
2:24:19home.
2:24:21It is waiting.
2:24:38Did he open the book every day?
2:24:52Yes.
2:24:54He opened it every day in every quiet
2:24:59hour.
2:25:01Do you have a new book or an old English
2:25:06book at home?
2:25:16Maybe you have an old English book at
2:25:20home.
2:25:22What was the magic?
2:25:35He opened it every day.
2:25:41That was the magic.
2:25:52Go back to it.
2:25:56Open it today.
2:26:00Read one page.
2:26:17Then read one more page tomorrow
2:26:22and the next day.
2:26:38Let's jump into it.
2:26:40Do you open the book
2:26:44today?
2:26:55Yes.
2:26:57Open it today.
2:27:03Read one page.
2:27:06Do you read one page
2:27:10or the whole book?
2:27:17Read one page.
2:27:21When do you read one more page?
2:27:36Read one more page tomorrow
2:27:41and the next day.
2:27:51The grammar we practice today. A anthe,
2:27:56an old wooden barrel.
2:28:00Long ago, a young man ran a small shop.
2:28:06The shop was in New Salem, a tiny
2:28:09American village.
2:28:12One day, a traveler stopped his wagon at
2:28:15the shop.
2:28:22Congratulations.
2:28:24You practiced 305 words in this story
2:28:28and you learned a lot.
2:29:02This is amazing.
2:29:05The one thing.
2:29:08Oh my god.
2:29:10Okay.
2:29:16The best of the best.
2:29:21Yeah. It talks about
2:29:31Works
2:29:37for
2:30:01Eight dominoes.
2:30:04>> Eight dominoes from the book The One
2:30:07Thing by Gary Keller and Jay Papazan.
2:30:12Push.
2:30:15Small.
2:30:17Big
2:30:19line.
2:30:21Tall.
2:30:23Fall.
2:30:25Last
2:30:27domino.
2:30:29Picture.
2:30:32Science.
2:30:35One domino.
2:30:39One small push.
2:30:44One loud fall.
2:31:02You know dominoes.
2:31:06You stand them up in a long line.
2:31:32Is it one small push?
2:31:46Yes.
2:31:49One domino.
2:31:52One small
2:31:55push,
2:31:58one loud fall.
2:32:02Do you stand dominoes in a line
2:32:06or in a box?
2:32:16You stand them up in a long line.
2:32:23What do you know?
2:32:32You know,
2:32:34dominoes.
2:32:37>> Extraordinary. Let's keep it up.
2:32:41>> You push the first one, it falls on the
2:32:45next one, and so on.
2:33:00The one thing tells a surprising story
2:33:05about dominoes
2:33:19speaking
2:33:25Does the first domino fall on the next
2:33:30one?
2:33:40Yes,
2:33:42it falls on the next one
2:33:46and so on.
2:33:50Do you push the first one or the last
2:33:54one?
2:34:01You push the first one.
2:34:05What does the one thing
2:34:08tell?
2:34:19It tells [clears throat] a surprising
2:34:21story
2:34:23about dominoes.
2:34:34It starts with a scientist,
2:34:37a man named Lawn Whitehead.
2:34:51He found an amazing fact about dominoes.
2:35:10Does the story start with a scientist?
2:35:23Yes.
2:35:25It starts with a scientist, a man named
2:35:30Lawn Whitehead.
2:35:34Did he find a small fact
2:35:38or an amazing fact?
2:35:51He found an amazing fact about dominoes.
2:35:58What was the scientist's name?
2:36:09a man named
2:36:12Lawn
2:36:14Whitehead.
2:36:22>> He wrote about it in a science paper.
2:36:32A domino can push over a bigger domino.
2:36:50Let's jump into it.
2:36:52Can a domino push over
2:36:57a bigger domino?
2:37:09Yes,
2:37:11a domino can push over a bigger domino.
2:37:17Did he write about it in a science
2:37:20paper?
2:37:22or in a story book.
2:37:32He wrote about it in a science paper.
2:37:38What can a domino
2:37:41push over
2:37:52a domino can push over
2:37:57a bigger domino?
2:38:01>> That's amazing.
2:38:05Not just a little bigger,
2:38:08about 50% bigger.
2:38:22So each domino can knock down a bigger
2:38:26one.
2:38:34In 2001,
2:38:37a science museum in San Francisco tested
2:38:40it.
2:38:54Okay. Now,
2:38:57>> is it just
2:38:59a little bigger?
2:39:11No,
2:39:13it is about 50%
2:39:16bigger.
2:39:19Did a science museum or a school tested?
2:39:33A science museum in San Francisco tested
2:39:38it.
2:39:40When did the museum
2:39:42test it?
2:39:52In 2001,
2:39:54a science museum tested it.
2:39:59>> I'm super proud of you.
2:40:04>> They made eight dominoes from wood.
2:40:09Each one was bigger than the last.
2:40:26The first domino was tiny, the size of
2:40:30your finger.
2:40:42English.
2:40:46>> Did they make eight dominoes?
2:41:00Yes.
2:41:02They made eight dominoes
2:41:05from wood.
2:41:07Was each one bigger or smaller than the
2:41:13last?
2:41:21Each one was bigger than the last.
2:41:26How big was the first domino?
2:41:40The first domino was tiny,
2:41:45the size of your finger.
2:41:53>> The last domino was almost 1 meter tall.
2:42:07That is as tall as a small child.
2:42:20Was
2:42:23the last domino
2:42:27almost
2:42:291 meter tall?
2:42:41Yes.
2:42:43The last domino was almost 1 m tall.
2:42:51Is that as tall as a small child
2:42:56or a big house?
2:43:06That is as tall
2:43:08as a small child.
2:43:12How tall
2:43:14was the last domino?
2:43:26The last domino
2:43:29was
2:43:31almost
2:43:331 meter tall.
2:43:42Then someone gave the first domino
2:43:47a very small push.
2:44:02Tick.
2:44:05The small one fell.
2:44:09And the next and the next
2:44:29great
2:44:33was the first push
2:44:36very small.
2:44:47Yes.
2:44:50Someone gave the first domino a very
2:44:54small push.
2:44:58Did the small one fall
2:45:02or stand?
2:45:11The small one
2:45:13fell.
2:45:16What fell after the small one?
2:45:26Then the next
2:45:28and the next.
2:45:34Each fall was bigger and louder than the
2:45:39one before.
2:45:49Then the last big domino fell.
2:45:57Slam.
2:46:18Was each fall bigger than the one
2:46:22before?
2:46:32Yes.
2:46:35Each fall was bigger and louder than the
2:46:39one before.
2:46:42Did the last big domino
2:46:45fall or stand?
2:46:56Then the last big domino
2:47:00fell.
2:47:03What sound did it make?
2:47:10Slam.
2:47:16That's great.
2:47:20A tiny push knocked down
2:47:25something almost 1 meter tall.
2:47:30[applause]
2:47:45Then the book asks you
2:47:48to imagine more dominoes.
2:48:09Did a tiny push
2:48:13knock down something tall?
2:48:26Yes. [snorts]
2:48:29A tiny push knocked down something.
2:48:34almost 1 meter tall.
2:48:39Does the book ask you to imagine
2:48:43more dominoes
2:48:45or fewer dominoes?
2:48:57The book asks you to imagine more
2:49:02dominoes.
2:49:05What does the book ask you?
2:49:17It asks you to imagine
2:49:21more dominoes.
2:49:25>> Well done.
2:49:29In that picture, the line of dominoes
2:49:34reaches
2:49:36the moon
2:49:49that is only a picture in the mind.
2:49:55I think the real test is more useful.
2:50:16Let's jump into it.
2:50:19Does the line of dominoes reach the moon
2:50:24in that picture?
2:50:35Yes.
2:50:38In that picture, the line of dominoes
2:50:42reaches the moon.
2:50:45Is that picture real or only a picture
2:50:50in the mind
2:50:59that is only a picture in the mind.
2:51:04What is more useful?
2:51:14The real test is more useful.
2:51:25>> The real test used only eight dominoes
2:51:30and it still worked.
2:51:47So line up your small winds one by one.
2:52:01Awesome. [clears throat] Let's go.
2:52:04Did the real test use only eight
2:52:08dominoes?
2:52:19Yes.
2:52:22The real test used only eight dominoes.
2:52:28Did it work
2:52:31or did it fail?
2:52:39And it still worked.
2:52:43What do you line up?
2:52:56Line up your small winds
2:53:00one by one.
2:53:11>> Let each small win knock over a bigger
2:53:16one.
2:53:26Your first English domino can be a few
2:53:31new words.
2:53:44What
2:53:46>> can each small wind knock over
2:53:51a bigger one?
2:54:03Yes.
2:54:05Let each small win knock over a bigger
2:54:10one.
2:54:12Can your first English domino
2:54:16be a few new words
2:54:20or a long book.
2:54:33Your first English domino can be a few
2:54:39new words.
2:54:42What can your first English domino
2:54:46be?
2:54:55It can be a few new words.
2:55:09Words push over sentences.
2:55:14Sentences push over a short talk.
2:55:34A short talk can push over
2:55:38your fear of speaking.
2:55:53So find your first small domino today.
2:56:00Then
2:56:01give it a push.
2:56:19Final round.
2:56:25Do words push over sentences?
2:56:37Yes,
2:56:39words push over sentences.
2:56:44Do you find your first small domino
2:56:48today
2:56:50or next year?
2:57:00Find your first small domino today.
2:57:06What can a short talk push over?
2:57:20A short talk can push over your fear of
2:57:26speaking.
2:57:35The grammar we practice today, plural
2:57:38nouns,
2:57:40you know, dominoes.
2:57:44They made eight dominoes from wood.
2:57:49In that picture, the line of dominoes
2:57:52reaches the moon.
2:57:56So, line up your small winds one by one.
2:58:06Congratulations.
2:58:08You practiced 296 words in this story
2:58:13and you learned a lot.
2:58:18Congratulations.
2:58:47Awesome.
2:59:04uh I want you to listen to what
2:59:06happened. Uh let's go.
2:59:07>> My name is Minister Sudan. Um one of
2:59:12graduated of intensive English fluency
2:59:14course and I'm really excited to share
2:59:18my uh journey of how I learn English
2:59:21with you. For
2:59:51uh
3:00:01traditional method.
3:00:06Okay. Yeah.
3:00:09Just focus on reading grammar
3:00:18attractive.
3:00:21speaking
3:00:28readings
3:00:33yesterday,
3:00:42high marks.
3:00:50Yeah. medicine.
3:01:00English.
3:01:03I'm really afraid.
3:01:18Medical terminology,
3:01:22English
3:01:46to be graduate.
3:01:52speaking.
3:01:54speaking.
3:02:14That's just exist.
3:02:26speaking
3:02:34speaking
3:02:39medicine
3:02:49English. I have to speak English.
3:03:10Speaking presentation
3:03:33English.
3:03:49speaking.
3:03:54Okay.
3:04:00Speaking. I have to fix it.
3:04:16nowadays.
3:04:24Communication skills just is too
3:04:26important.
3:04:35English.
3:04:38That's amazing. Awesome.
3:04:42Okay. Average doctor.
3:04:57Okay.
3:05:02By the way,
3:05:06public speaker
3:05:28confidence
3:05:32public speaker in Arabic.
3:05:35I wanted to be public speaker in English
3:05:39at the same time. Okay, that's amazing.
3:05:42Awesome.
3:05:49Speaking.
3:05:55Okay.
3:06:04before the war in Sudan.
3:06:19English
3:06:36English
3:06:40resources in YouTube. Try to uh find any
3:06:44YouTube channel maybe can help me. So
3:06:50just like uh schooling uh about uh how I
3:06:53can learn English
3:06:56playlist
3:06:58vocabulary
3:07:01shadowing
3:07:07vocabulary Did you shadowing
3:07:21a
3:07:31for
3:07:41YouTube channel.
3:07:44It's like this
3:07:57passion.
3:08:08that you
3:08:10like dictionary
3:08:18English.
3:08:28It's like um almost here just like this
3:08:31distracted confused
3:08:39to be honest.
3:08:58Interrupt then continue.
3:09:22Uh to be honest,
3:09:28I pick some words, but uh speaking
3:09:36to improve your speaking,
3:09:43I think I've been through it.
3:09:48BBC
3:10:00as a learner as a B1 or A2.
3:10:14for
3:10:35picking the right
3:10:45English
3:10:47is so hard. I can do it.
3:10:53And just I learned many people say uh
3:10:56they learned English just in six months.
3:10:59So
3:11:07Exactly. Exactly. Uh why many people do
3:11:10it? So what what the problem? So how can
3:11:13I solve this?
3:11:17So I'm struggling uh for really almost
3:11:28listening.
3:11:34Um,
3:11:38[sighs]
3:11:55I wanted someone to correct my mistakes,
3:11:57right?
3:11:58>> So I can find anyone. So if there anyone
3:12:01help me and
3:12:12Okay.
3:12:22for
3:12:35English
3:12:50attracted me to learn English
3:12:56speaking.
3:13:06Yeah.
3:13:09She's like
3:13:36Okay.
3:13:46Okay.
3:14:20Six months here.
3:14:33Wow.
3:14:51How was it?
3:15:02Really it will change my my life.
3:15:06foreign.
3:15:47Foreign
3:15:57speech. Foreign speech.
3:16:16Yeah,
3:16:18the mindset is 80%. It's really
3:16:30exactly
3:16:38awesome. Yeah. What was the next thing?
3:16:43Yeah.
3:16:46So [snorts] um I've remembered the first
3:16:49year and the course it just it's
3:16:53>> the first uh week or so or first day
3:16:56>> the first day.
3:16:56>> Okay.
3:16:57>> Yeah. Exactly. The first day uh I've
3:16:59started with anxiety. Uh
3:17:02I start with the first class and it was
3:17:05so easy and it was so entering. I love
3:17:08it.
3:17:09>> Uh and then I completed all the class
3:17:11until I get to the Shakespeare.
3:17:16Really nice
3:17:28start with Shakespeare and I remember
3:17:31the first conversation with Shakespeare.
3:17:33It's um it's nice and it's easy and
3:17:36comfy. I feel comfy. This is my first
3:17:39time I speak with
3:17:41uh let me see it's Shakespeare like a
3:17:44human. I don't want to say it's AI
3:17:46Shakespeare
3:17:54but the first conversation it was so
3:17:56comfy and it's interesting. Uh I love uh
3:18:00the way they and it correct my mistakes
3:18:03you when I'm say anything for him just
3:18:05like correct any mistakes in details and
3:18:08that's really
3:18:09>> you would ask it to correct it and it
3:18:10would give you the all the corrections.
3:18:13Yeah, exactly. And I asked uh him to to
3:18:18give me a feedback
3:18:19>> and it's like give me a feedback uh in
3:18:22everything
3:18:24>> uh in my lesson in my speaking and the
3:18:27grammar and forming a combine sentence
3:18:29and everything
3:18:31>> uh and then
3:18:33uh booking session.
3:18:35>> Yeah.
3:18:35>> And here is uh this is a very important
3:18:37point. Uh I've uh booked the first
3:18:41session uh randomly. I know I don't know
3:18:43the I didn't know the teachers at that
3:18:46time. Uh the first teacher I've booked
3:18:49with with her it's a Monique.
3:18:52>> Um I attend the session uh and how is
3:18:56her way and how to to ask them it's
3:19:00really uh the all all teacher and the in
3:19:04the course it was really amazing.
3:19:12they're really supporting and engaging
3:19:14and it helped
3:19:16>> uh us a lot and um she started to ask me
3:19:21the question uh first ask u my other
3:19:24classmate and all of them they replay
3:19:29>> uh when they ask me I didn't reply
3:19:31>> wow
3:19:32>> I'm just like uh trying to do
3:19:35translating process like I know I know
3:19:38your question I know the answer but I
3:19:41couldn't. I'm just trying to
3:19:42>> You're trying to translate for
3:19:44>> translate and it's take a time. It
3:19:46really takes a long time and just ask me
3:19:49like uh do you want to explain the the
3:19:52question for you? Do you want to clarify
3:19:54and then uh ask me just say anything in
3:19:58any in any any topic.
3:20:02How will it just like
3:20:11and then um
3:20:16to another classmate and then here play.
3:20:19Uh after that we have like a breakout
3:20:21room
3:20:23session
3:20:25breakout room classmate.
3:20:30Okay. because I know I felt uh
3:20:33overwhelmed and frustrated. I didn't say
3:20:36anything. All my classmates they were
3:20:38talking.
3:20:39>> Why me?
3:20:40>> I'm just like
3:20:43meetings.
3:20:48I don't know anything in English.
3:20:53>> The first day.
3:20:54>> Oh, the first day.
3:20:55>> The first day.
3:21:05session
3:21:22like almost month
3:21:27native speakers.
3:21:30Shakespeare Shakespeare is really
3:21:32comfortable.
3:21:36It's okay.
3:21:54Fore
3:22:17session randomly.
3:22:24booking session
3:22:30the same teacher
3:22:35and I'm so excited
3:22:40he has starting to ask us
3:22:54Let's move on. Exactly.
3:23:15actor.
3:23:39Rooms
3:23:47greeting them. That was the second
3:23:48session.
3:23:49>> This is the second session after
3:23:54exactly.
3:23:58Uh so you ready for the castle? Let us
3:24:00start and like this.
3:24:09This is the first month. So,
3:24:21it's like a magic really doing a year
3:24:26in just a month.
3:24:28>> One month.
3:24:29>> That was
3:24:54It makes difference really.
3:24:56>> Yeah.
3:24:58So
3:25:03Uh, by the way,
3:25:11it's effortless.
3:25:28honestly
3:25:29which is true.
3:25:32Yeah.
3:25:38Amazing
3:25:45the courses.
3:25:49Yeah.
3:25:56Uh
3:26:00it just changes and customizes for you.
3:26:02Yeah.
3:26:03[clears throat]
3:26:16Makes difference in my journey.
3:26:21Fore
3:26:30consistent.
3:26:44It's like habit
3:26:52like what was it like
3:26:54really passion I want I want I wanted to
3:26:58be fluent at English really
3:27:10I
3:27:12to complete. Yeah.
3:27:13>> So I make this in one month. So uh that
3:27:16mean I really can do it in just uh
3:27:19another month. So,
3:27:37scrolling on the Tik Tok and Instagram,
3:27:40just scrolling on the course.
3:27:56booking session.
3:28:06That's okay.
3:28:15I just need myself. Yeah,
3:28:24I got admission. I feel I'm doing my
3:28:27anything
3:28:39is listening.
3:28:44with subtitle. English subtitles
3:28:51without subtitle. Exactly.
3:29:10Absolutely.
3:29:18course just and I'm so obsessed with
3:29:21podcast. I've listened a lot of podcast
3:29:31really like on purpose
3:29:35on purpose without subtitle it's mean
3:29:44it's different native speakers different
3:29:47accent
3:29:57subtitles.
3:30:05You were not like
3:30:23Yeah.
3:30:25Okay.
3:30:30Yeah.
3:30:34Yeah.
3:30:39That's it. Yeah. Exactly.
3:31:07What's the next? What's the next?
3:31:23It's really it's really amazing.
3:31:25>> Alhamdulillah. Alhamdulillah.
3:31:27Um that was amazing.
3:31:34Speaking uh what was that made made it
3:31:38different?
3:31:39for
3:31:46speaking everything in English it's
3:31:49really uh start with my accent it's
3:31:54really changed uh and then um
3:31:57>> what made it change
3:31:59>> I think shadowing
3:32:01>> uh I used to do shadowing a lot so I
3:32:05think it's helped me also um at the
3:32:08first I don't I'm I'm not uh like I have
3:32:11a confidence to speak.
3:32:12>> Yeah.
3:32:13>> But right now I have a confidence even I
3:32:15mistake even I I I make a mistakes. Uh I
3:32:18don't mind because I think it's making a
3:32:20mistake. It's part of the the process of
3:32:23learning. So I have just to when I and
3:32:27and really when I do any mistake I feel
3:32:30so happy because I know that I'm in a in
3:32:32a right track. Like if I made a mistake
3:32:34that mean this is like a level.
3:32:36>> This is a good thing. This is a good
3:32:37thing and this is like sometime I feel
3:32:39like maybe it's like something it's
3:32:41higher from my level so I'm in a right
3:32:43track
3:32:44>> right so that means you're pushing
3:32:46yourself you're growing
3:32:47>> exactly I think when you reach that
3:32:57they started to have like they have that
3:33:00celebrity like they would celebrate
3:33:02their mistakes and they would like
3:33:04they're making mistakes they don't mind
3:33:06As you said,
3:33:07>> this is me. I'm really love to make
3:33:09mistakes because when I make mistakes
3:33:11>> Oh, you love making mistakes.
3:33:12>> Yeah. Really, really. I love to make
3:33:15mistakes because sometime when I
3:33:17scrolling on social media and find any
3:33:20any new vocabulary in that video, I feel
3:33:23like I'm so happy. This is a new word. I
3:33:25don't know know it. So go to the chatbt,
3:33:28try to translate it. I know I know it.
3:33:31And then I feel like yeah, this uh maybe
3:33:33this is in C1 level. So that mean I'm
3:33:36good. I'm in the right track. So I will
3:33:38complete.
3:33:39>> So difficult means good. Difficult means
3:33:41it's something that I'm that you that
3:33:44you're trying to challenge yourself.
3:33:45Yeah.
3:33:46>> Yeah. Exactly. Exactly.
3:33:47>> Yeah. That's that's amazing.
3:33:49>> I think Yeah, it's really helped me.
3:33:51>> Awesome. Awesome.
3:34:03I can't
3:34:06really change from zero to here.
3:34:08>> Wow. A2
3:34:14speaking.
3:34:16Mhm.
3:34:18I'm seek to be C1 like I'm doing a
3:34:21challenge with you. By the end of this
3:34:23year in 2025, I will reach to the C1
3:34:26inshallah. I'm working hard.
3:34:30>> And I'm sure you can do it.
3:34:33That's amazing
3:34:43make like um clear conversation. Yeah. I
3:34:46just want everyone to to understand me
3:34:50just this is my
3:34:59topics.
3:35:02English
3:35:04times
3:35:09and I'm just for myself to learn
3:35:11English. Right now I'm not uh wanted to
3:35:13learn English. I wanted to I fell in
3:35:16love with with language really with
3:35:18English. I wanted to learn more
3:35:22>> not just learning like perfecting it or
3:35:24>> exactly being proficient. I want to just
3:35:27uh to interress in this language because
3:35:30English
3:35:32so easy. It's funny.
3:35:38It's really helped my helped me and it
3:35:41has changed my my life really
3:35:54and I'm ready for any
3:35:59workshop
3:36:01English I remember
3:36:04public speakers native public speakers.
3:36:08Oh my god, native speakers. Native
3:36:11speakers
3:36:16who can ask to just interact with with
3:36:20him
3:36:25nice. This is
3:36:35Mike.
3:36:40Okay.
3:36:48foreign.
3:36:56Wow.
3:37:08Sure.
3:37:22Fore
3:37:48and I'm with you.
3:37:55But let Listen.
3:38:10[snorts]
3:38:41public speaker
3:38:45really
3:38:52I'm so obsessed with with
3:38:55English
3:39:02really amazing
3:39:05just
3:39:07[laughter]
3:39:10exactly
3:39:24Um
3:39:27that that was that was an amazing story.
3:39:51But that's true, isn't it?
3:39:52>> Really?
3:39:53>> Right.
3:39:59Maybe it's take a time but it's but is
3:40:01it worth it
3:40:03>> really? So
3:40:08[laughter]
3:40:12maybe it takes a time for me like
3:40:38It's really changed my life.
3:40:54>> [laughter]
3:41:09>> You're my role models.
3:41:13You changed my life for the better.
3:41:21for
3:41:40they notice the change
3:41:49like it's
3:42:02really magic. This is the code of
3:42:16I think it's
3:42:22Yeah.
3:42:26Yeah.
3:42:34Yeah, exactly.
3:42:52ractice
3:43:04practice makes perfect. This is really a
3:43:06big
3:43:23It's not like this. Yeah.
3:43:27Awesome.
3:43:50But it's something amazing. It's
3:43:51something totally crazy.
3:44:02How to win friends and influence people.
3:44:28It really helps.
3:44:40The calf from the book How to Win
3:44:43Friends and Influence People by Dale
3:44:46Cariegi.
3:44:49Cough.
3:44:51Want
3:44:53pull
3:44:55animal
3:44:57baby
3:44:59finger.
3:45:01Slowly
3:45:04think
3:45:05mother
3:45:07step.
3:45:10A young cow,
3:45:13a calf
3:45:15stands in a quiet field.
3:45:29Near it is a barn,
3:45:33a house for animals.
3:45:45Two people want the calf to go into the
3:45:51barn.
3:46:15Is the calf
3:46:18in a quiet field?
3:46:30Yes,
3:46:33a young cow,
3:46:35a calf,
3:46:37stands in a quiet field.
3:46:41Is a barn a house for animals
3:46:46or a house for people?
3:46:57A barn is a house for animals.
3:47:02What do two people want?
3:47:15They want the calf to go into the barn.
3:47:26>> One is Ralph Waldo Emerson, a famous
3:47:31American writer.
3:47:43The other person
3:47:45is his son.
3:47:54Emerson stands behind the cough.
3:47:58He pushes
3:48:14speaking skills.
3:48:17>> Is Emerson
3:48:19a famous writer?
3:48:31Yes.
3:48:33He is a famous
3:48:36American writer.
3:48:39Does he push
3:48:42or pull?
3:48:48He pushes.
3:48:51Who is the other person?
3:49:01The other person is
3:49:04his son.
3:49:12>> His son stands in front of the calf.
3:49:17He pulls
3:49:29They push.
3:49:31They pull.
3:49:33They push again.
3:49:37The calf
3:49:39does not move.
3:50:03Does his son
3:50:05Paul?
3:50:15Yes.
3:50:17He pulls.
3:50:21Does the calf move
3:50:25or does it stay?
3:50:33The calf does not move.
3:50:38Where does his son stand?
3:50:48He stands
3:50:50in front of the calf.
3:50:59>> It puts its legs hard into the ground.
3:51:04It wants to stay.
3:51:17Think for a moment. How can you get the
3:51:21calf inside?
3:51:40Does the calf want to stay?
3:51:53Yes,
3:51:55it wants to stay.
3:52:00Does it put its legs into the ground
3:52:05or into the barn?
3:52:17It puts its legs hard into the ground.
3:52:25What do you think about for a moment?
3:52:36How can you get the calf
3:52:39inside?
3:52:42I'm super proud of you.
3:52:47Push harder.
3:52:50Pull harder.
3:52:53Bring more men.
3:53:06Most of us think like this.
3:53:10More power,
3:53:13more pushing.
3:53:28Awesome.
3:53:34Do most of us think like this?
3:53:48>> [sighs and gasps]
3:53:49>> Yes,
3:53:51most of us think like this.
3:53:55Do we want more power
3:53:59or less power?
3:54:09More power.
3:54:11More pushing.
3:54:14What do most of us try,
3:54:27push harder,
3:54:30pull harder,
3:54:32bring more men.
3:54:39Then a woman from the house sees them.
3:54:45She works for the family.
3:54:58She does not push.
3:55:01She does not pull.
3:55:18Does a woman from the house see them?
3:55:31Yes.
3:55:34A woman from the house sees them.
3:55:39Does she push
3:55:42or does she not push?
3:55:53She does not push.
3:55:56She does not pull.
3:56:00Who does she work for?
3:56:10She works for the family.
3:56:17>> She thinks about a different question.
3:56:23What does the calf want?
3:56:38A calf is a baby.
3:56:43A baby wants to drink from its mother.
3:57:02Let's jump into it.
3:57:04>> Is a calf [sighs] a baby?
3:57:15Yes.
3:57:17A calf is a baby.
3:57:21Does a baby want its mother
3:57:25or a barn?
3:57:33A baby wants to drink from its mother.
3:57:39What does she think about
3:57:52She thinks about a different question.
3:57:57What does the calf want?
3:58:05>> That's great.
3:58:08>> She puts her finger in the calf's mouth.
3:58:13The cough [sighs]
3:58:15starts to suck.
3:58:31She walks slowly.
3:58:35The calf follows her finger.
3:58:55Does she put her finger in the calf's
3:58:59mouth?
3:59:10Yes,
3:59:13she puts her finger in the calves's
3:59:16mouth.
3:59:18Does she walk fast
3:59:21or slowly?
3:59:28She walks
3:59:30slowly.
3:59:33What does the calf follow
3:59:44the calf follows
3:59:47her finger
3:59:55step by step the calf walks into the
4:00:00barn.
4:00:13It is easy.
4:00:16No pushing,
4:00:19no pulling.
4:00:36Does the calf walk
4:00:40into the barn?
4:00:52Yes.
4:00:54Step by step, the calf walks into the
4:00:59barn.
4:01:01Is it easy
4:01:03or hard?
4:01:10It is easy.
4:01:15How does the calf walk into the barn?
4:01:26Step
4:01:28by
4:01:29step,
4:01:37>> Emerson and his son forget one thing.
4:01:43They think only about what they want.
4:02:02The calf thinks only about what it
4:02:05wants.
4:02:08It wants its mother.
4:02:29Do Emerson and his son forget one thing?
4:02:45Yes.
4:02:47Emerson and his son forget one thing.
4:02:54Does the calf want its mother
4:02:58or the barn?
4:03:06It wants
4:03:08its mother.
4:03:10What do they think about?
4:03:23They think only about what they want.
4:03:35Dale Cariegi puts this little story in a
4:03:39famous book.
4:03:49The book is How to Win Friends and
4:03:54Influence People.
4:04:06speaking.
4:04:12Does Dale Carnegie put this story in a
4:04:16book?
4:04:26Yes.
4:04:29He puts this little story in a famous
4:04:34book.
4:04:36Is it a little story or a long story?
4:04:46It is a little [clears throat] story.
4:04:51What is the book?
4:05:03The book is How to Win Friends and
4:05:08Influence People.
4:05:12>> Well done.
4:05:15>> His point is not about animals.
4:05:20It is about people.
4:05:32When you push people, they push back.
4:05:39Start with what they want.
4:06:00is his point about animals.
4:06:14No,
4:06:16his point is not about animals.
4:06:20It is about people.
4:06:23When you push people,
4:06:27do they push back
4:06:30or come with you?
4:06:40When you push people, they push back.
4:06:46What do you start with?
4:06:56Start with what they want.
4:07:08Maybe you want a friend to practice
4:07:11English with you.
4:07:20Don't ask
4:07:23how can I make him do it.
4:07:38Do you want a friend to practice English
4:07:42with you?
4:07:52Yes.
4:07:56Maybe you want a friend to practice
4:08:00English with you.
4:08:03Do you ask how to make him do it or what
4:08:08he wants?
4:08:18Don't ask how can I make him do it?
4:08:23What don't you ask?
4:08:32Don't ask how can I make him do it.
4:08:40And let's continue.
4:08:42>> Ask
4:08:44what does he want?
4:08:48A better job,
4:08:52a trip abroad.
4:09:09Start from what he wants.
4:09:14Then walk slowly,
4:09:16step by step
4:09:19like the woman.
4:09:38Final round.
4:09:44Do you ask what he wants?
4:09:57Yes.
4:10:00Ask what does he want?
4:10:05Do you walk fast or slowly step by step?
4:10:21Walk slowly,
4:10:24step by step,
4:10:27like the woman.
4:10:30What does he maybe want?
4:10:40A better job,
4:10:43a trip abroad.
4:10:52The grammar we practice today, subject
4:10:55pronouns.
4:10:57He pushes.
4:11:00He pulls.
4:11:04They push.
4:11:07It wants to stay.
4:11:16Congratulations.
4:11:17You practiced 37 words in this story and
4:11:22you learned a lot.
4:11:57It's going to be a lot different.
4:12:02the grit. Oh,
4:12:12that's not that's that's not reason,
4:12:14right?
4:12:30Great.
4:12:47The hard thing rule.
4:12:50>> The hard thing rule from the book Grit
4:12:54by Angela Duckworth.
4:12:57Hard
4:12:59thing
4:13:01bad
4:13:03day
4:13:06rule
4:13:08stop
4:13:10part
4:13:12daughter
4:13:14end
4:13:16tired.
4:13:19One family has a rule.
4:13:23It is called the hard thing rule.
4:13:42Angela Duckworth made it for her family.
4:13:47She writes about it in grit.
4:14:16Does one family
4:14:19[clears throat] have a rule?
4:14:30Yes,
4:14:33one family has a rule.
4:14:38Did Angela Duckworth make it for her
4:14:42family
4:14:44or for her school?
4:14:54Angela Duckworth made it for her family.
4:14:59What is their rule
4:15:02called?
4:15:11It is called the hard thing rule. Their
4:15:23rule has three parts.
4:15:27Everyone follows them.
4:15:40Part one.
4:15:43Everyone must do one hard thing.
4:15:50Mom and dad, too.
4:16:09Now it's your turn. Answer the
4:16:12questions.
4:16:14Does their rule have three parts?
4:16:28Yes.
4:16:30Their rule has three parts.
4:16:36Do mom and dad do a hard thing too
4:16:41or only the children?
4:16:52Everyone must do one hard thing.
4:16:59Mom and dad too.
4:17:02What is part one?
4:17:14Everyone
4:17:16must do one hard thing.
4:17:28A hard thing needs practice
4:17:32every day.
4:17:36It is not easy fun.
4:17:54The mother's hard thing is her research.
4:17:59She also does yoga.
4:18:16speaking.
4:18:19Does a hard thing need practice
4:18:23every day?
4:18:35Yes.
4:18:37A hard thing needs practice
4:18:41every day.
4:18:43Is a hard thing
4:18:46easy fun
4:18:48or hard work?
4:18:56It is not easy fun.
4:19:00What is the mother's hard thing?
4:19:05Her
4:19:12hard thing is
4:19:14her research.
4:19:21>> The father's hard thing is his work.
4:19:26He also runs.
4:19:41One daughter picked her hard thing. She
4:19:46practiced it every day.
4:20:06is the father's hard thing. His work.
4:20:21Yes.
4:20:24The father's hard thing
4:20:27is his work.
4:20:31Did the daughter practice every day or
4:20:35once a month?
4:20:44She practiced it every day.
4:20:49Who picked her hard thing?
4:21:00One daughter picked her hard thing.
4:21:06>> Extraordinary. Let's keep it up.
4:21:10>> Part two.
4:21:13You can quit.
4:21:17You cannot quit on a bad day.
4:21:38Wait for a natural stop.
4:21:41The end of a season is one.
4:21:56Let's jump into it.
4:21:58Can you quit on a bad day?
4:22:12No,
4:22:14you cannot quit on a bad day.
4:22:20Do you wait for a bad day or a natural
4:22:24stop?
4:22:31Wait for a natural stop.
4:22:36What is one natural stop?
4:22:47The end of the season is one.
4:22:54Listen,
4:22:56>> maybe you are asking what if I hate it?
4:23:08What if I am tired?
4:23:12What if the teacher is hard?
4:23:29speaking.
4:23:34>> Are you maybe asking
4:23:37what if I hate it?
4:23:49Yes,
4:23:51maybe you are asking what if I hate it.
4:23:57Do you ask about a tired day or a happy
4:24:02day?
4:24:09You ask what if I am tired?
4:24:14What else do you ask?
4:24:24What if the teacher is hard?
4:24:35>> That is a bad day.
4:24:40Bad days are part of every hard thing.
4:24:59on a bad day. You go back and practice
4:25:04again.
4:25:14website.
4:25:16>> Is that a bad day?
4:25:26Yes, that is a bad day.
4:25:31On a bad day, do you stop or go back and
4:25:37practice?
4:25:48On a bad day, you go back and practice
4:25:53again.
4:25:56What are bad days part of?
4:26:09Bad days are part
4:26:12of every hard thing.
4:26:17>> That's amazing.
4:26:20>> At the natural stop, you can think,
4:26:27then you can change.
4:26:44Part three.
4:26:47Many families forget this part.
4:27:06Can you change
4:27:09at the natural stop?
4:27:20Yes.
4:27:23At the natural stop, you can think,
4:27:28then you can change.
4:27:32Do many families forget part three
4:27:36or part one.
4:27:47Many families forget this part. Part
4:27:51three.
4:27:53What do many families
4:27:56forget?
4:28:03Many families
4:28:05forget this part.
4:28:09>> Shift.
4:28:14>> Nobody picks your hard thing for you.
4:28:20You pick it yourself.
4:28:35The other daughter tried many things,
4:28:38sports, crafts, and more.
4:28:57Does somebody pick your hard thing for
4:29:01you?
4:29:11No,
4:29:13nobody picks your hard thing for you.
4:29:19Did the other daughter try one thing or
4:29:24many things?
4:29:31The other daughter tried many things.
4:29:36Who picks your hard thing?
4:29:46You pick it yourself.
4:29:55Each time she stayed until the natural
4:29:59stop.
4:30:09Then she found one she loved.
4:30:13She kept it.
4:30:30Did she stay until the natural stop?
4:30:45Yes.
4:30:47Each time she stayed until the natural
4:30:51stop.
4:30:54Did she keep the thing she loved
4:30:58or quitted?
4:31:08She found one she loved.
4:31:11She kept it.
4:31:14What did she find?
4:31:25Then she found one she loved.
4:31:32>> Well done.
4:31:36>> She chose it herself,
4:31:40so she wanted to practice it.
4:31:53Can you see the three parts working
4:31:57together?
4:32:06You do something hard.
4:32:11You do not stop on a bad day.
4:32:29Awesome.
4:32:35Did she choose it
4:32:38herself?
4:32:49Yes,
4:32:51she chose it herself.
4:32:56Do you stop on a bad day or do you not
4:33:02stop?
4:33:11You do not stop on a bad day.
4:33:18What can you see working together?
4:33:32The three parts working together.
4:33:43>> You chose it. So the hard work feels
4:33:47like yours.
4:33:58Three parts.
4:34:02One short rule to keep.
4:34:15Choose your hard thing.
4:34:21Do not quit on a bad day.
4:34:44Does the hard work feel like yours?
4:34:58Yes,
4:35:01you chose it so the hard work feels like
4:35:06yours.
4:35:09Is it one short rule or a long list?
4:35:23And one short rule to keep.
4:35:28What is the rule?
4:35:40Choose your hard thing.
4:35:46Do not quit on a bad day.
4:35:55>> Maybe your hard thing is English.
4:35:59Maybe it is speaking out loud.
4:36:15Choose it yourself.
4:36:20Want to change it?
4:36:24Wait for the end of the month.
4:36:45is your hard thing.
4:36:48Maybe English.
4:37:00Yes.
4:37:02Maybe your hard thing is English.
4:37:08Do you wait for the end of the month or
4:37:12change it on a bad day?
4:37:20Wait for the end of the month.
4:37:25Who chooses your hard thing?
4:37:34Choose it yourself.
4:37:46[sighs and gasps]
4:37:47>> Some days will be bad.
4:37:51You will be tired
4:37:54and want to stop.
4:38:10On those days,
4:38:13remember the rule.
4:38:17Go back to it tomorrow.
4:38:37Final round.
4:38:43>> Will some days be bad?
4:38:56Yes,
4:38:58some days will be bad.
4:39:03Will you be tired or happy on those
4:39:08days?
4:39:16You will be tired
4:39:19and want to stop.
4:39:23What do you remember on those days?
4:39:34On those days. Remember the rule.
4:39:46The grammar we practice today,
4:39:49possessive adjectives.
4:39:51Angela Duckworth made it for her family.
4:39:56Their rule has three parts.
4:40:01The mother's hard thing is her research.
4:40:07The father's hard thing is his work.
4:40:17Congratulations.
4:40:19You practice 320 words in this story and
4:40:24you learned a lot.
4:40:53Great job
4:40:56influence.
4:41:23forchech.
4:41:29The blue stone.
4:41:32>> The blue stone from the book influence
4:41:35by Robert B. Chaldini.
4:41:39Price
4:41:41look
4:41:43worker
4:41:45note.
4:41:47Cut
4:41:49half
4:41:51blue
4:41:53time
4:41:56trip
4:41:57double.
4:42:00Look at this
4:42:03blue stone.
4:42:07It is called
4:42:09turquoise.
4:42:26A woman had a jewelry shop
4:42:29in Arizona
4:42:32in America.
4:42:50Is this blue stone
4:42:55called turquoise?
4:43:07Yes,
4:43:10this blue stone is called turquoise.
4:43:16Is this stone blue
4:43:20or red?
4:43:31This stone is blue.
4:43:36It is called turquoise.
4:43:41Where was the woman's shop?
4:43:48Her
4:43:54shop was in Arizona
4:43:57in America.
4:44:07>> It was the busy season.
4:44:11Many visitors came to her shop every
4:44:15day.
4:44:30She had some beautiful turquoise
4:44:33jewelry.
4:44:35These blue pieces were good quality.
4:44:54Great.
4:44:59>> Did many visitors come to her shop?
4:45:12Yes,
4:45:14many visitors came to her shop every
4:45:18day.
4:45:21Were these blue pieces good
4:45:26or bad quality?
4:45:36These blue pieces were good quality.
4:45:42What did she have in her shop?
4:45:53She had some beautiful turquoise
4:45:57jewelry.
4:46:04The price was fair,
4:46:08but nobody bought it.
4:46:13Not one piece.
4:46:32She moved it to the middle of the shop.
4:46:36Everyone could see it.
4:46:40Nothing.
4:46:59speaking.
4:47:03Was the price fair?
4:47:13Yes,
4:47:15the price was fair.
4:47:19Did many people buy it?
4:47:22or nobody.
4:47:34Nobody bought it.
4:47:39Not one piece.
4:47:43Where did she move it?
4:47:51She moved it to the middle of the shop.
4:47:57>> Fabulous. Let's keep it up.
4:48:00>> She asked her workers to show it to
4:48:03everyone.
4:48:07Still
4:48:08nothing.
4:48:24Then she had to go away on a short trip.
4:48:41Speaking skills
4:48:44Did her workers show it to everyone?
4:48:59[sighs]
4:48:59Yes.
4:49:03She asked her workers
4:49:06to show it to everyone.
4:49:11Was it a short trip or a long trip?
4:49:21It was a short trip.
4:49:25What did she have to do?
4:49:35She had to go away on a short trip.
4:49:40Before
4:49:46that trip, she wrote a note for a
4:49:49worker.
4:49:58In that note, she wanted to cut the
4:50:02price in half.
4:50:21Did she write a note before that trip?
4:50:34Yes. Before
4:50:39that trip, she wrote a note for a
4:50:42worker.
4:50:45In that note, did she want to cut the
4:50:49price
4:50:50or double it?
4:51:01In that note,
4:51:04she wanted to cut the price in half.
4:51:10Who was that note for?
4:51:18That note was for a worker.
4:51:25>> A few days later, she came back.
4:51:30She looked at the shelf.
4:51:44It was empty.
4:51:48Every piece of turquoise was sold.
4:52:08Stop here.
4:52:12What do you think happened?
4:52:31Was the shelf
4:52:33full?
4:52:44[sighs and gasps]
4:52:44No,
4:52:46the shelf was empty.
4:52:51Did she look at the shelf
4:52:54or at the door?
4:53:01She looked at the shelf.
4:53:06What happened to the turquoise?
4:53:17Every piece of turquoise was sold.
4:53:25That's great.
4:53:29>> Maybe you think
4:53:32of course it was cheap now.
4:53:36Half price.
4:53:51That is the easy answer.
4:53:55It is wrong.
4:54:06The worker
4:54:08read the note.
4:54:11badly.
4:54:22Let's jump into it.
4:54:24>> Is that easy answer? Right.
4:54:38No,
4:54:42that is the easy answer.
4:54:46It is wrong.
4:54:49Did the worker read the note well
4:54:55or badly?
4:55:03The worker read the note
4:55:07badly.
4:55:09What was the easy answer?
4:55:22The easy answer was
4:55:26it was cheap. Now
4:55:30half price.
4:55:39>> The worker did not cut the price.
4:55:46The worker doubled [clears throat] it.
4:56:04Now it cost double the old price
4:56:11and it all sold.
4:56:28Now it's your turn. Answer the
4:56:30questions.
4:56:32>> Did the worker cut the price?
4:56:45No.
4:56:48The worker did not cut the price.
4:56:54The worker doubled it.
4:56:59Did it cost half
4:57:02or double the old price?
4:57:12It cost double the old price.
4:57:18What happened at double the price
4:57:30at double the price.
4:57:33It all sold.
4:57:38All right, back to the story.
4:57:41>> So why
4:57:44those visitors had money?
4:57:49They did not know much about turquoise.
4:58:10They wanted good jewelry,
4:58:15so they used a simple rule.
4:58:36Did those visitors have money?
4:58:48Yes,
4:58:50those visitors had money.
4:58:54Did those visitors know much or little
4:58:59about turquoise?
4:59:05Those
4:59:10visitors did not know much about
4:59:13turquoise.
4:59:16What did they use?
4:59:24They used a simple rule.
4:59:30>> Well done.
4:59:34The rule was
4:59:37a high price means good quality.
4:59:51Most of the time this rule helps us.
4:59:56It saves time.
5:00:12Does this rule help us most of the time?
5:00:26Yes.
5:00:28Most of the time this rule helps us.
5:00:34Does this rule save time
5:00:38or money?
5:00:45This rule saves time.
5:00:50What was the rule?
5:01:03The rule was
5:01:06a high price means good quality.
5:01:17>> This time the rule fooled them.
5:01:28People often judge a thing by its price.
5:01:43>> Let's jump into it.
5:01:46>> Did the rule help them this time?
5:01:59No,
5:02:01this time the rule fooled them.
5:02:06Do people judge a thing by its price
5:02:10or by its color?
5:02:20People often judge a thing by its price.
5:02:25Who did the rule fool this time?
5:02:37This time the rule fooled those
5:02:41visitors.
5:02:49They look at the number.
5:02:53They do not look closely at the thing.
5:03:09A higher price feels safe.
5:03:13It does not always mean better.
5:03:39Do they look closely
5:03:41[clears throat] at the thing?
5:03:52No,
5:03:54they do not look closely at the thing.
5:04:00Do they look at the number
5:04:03or at the thing?
5:04:10They look at the number.
5:04:15How does a higher price feel?
5:04:26A higher price feels safe.
5:04:32>> Extraordinary. Let's keep it up.
5:04:36>> This happens with English books, apps,
5:04:40and courses, too.
5:04:52So, do not look only at the price.
5:04:58Look at what it does.
5:05:01Awesome.
5:05:14Wait. Let's go.
5:05:17>> Does this happen
5:05:20with English courses, too?
5:05:33Yes,
5:05:35this happens with English books, apps,
5:05:40and courses too.
5:05:44Do you look only at the price
5:05:49or at what it does?
5:06:00Do not look only at the price.
5:06:06Look at what it does.
5:06:10What should you
5:06:13look at?
5:06:19Look at what it does.
5:06:27And let's continue.
5:06:29Before you pay,
5:06:32try one page
5:06:34or one lesson.
5:06:47Then decide
5:06:49will this make my English better.
5:07:08Let's jump into it.
5:07:10Do you try one lesson
5:07:13before you pay?
5:07:25Yes.
5:07:28Before you pay, try one page or one
5:07:33lesson.
5:07:35Do you try one page or 10 pages?
5:07:48Try one page
5:07:50or one lesson.
5:07:54What do you
5:07:56decide?
5:08:07Decide.
5:08:10Will this make my English better?
5:08:21The grammar we practice today. This,
5:08:24that, these, those.
5:08:28Look at this blue stone.
5:08:33These blue pieces were good quality.
5:08:38Before that trip, she wrote a note for a
5:08:41worker.
5:08:44In that note, she wanted to cut the
5:08:47price in half.
5:08:55Congratulations.
5:08:57You practiced 36 words in this story and
5:09:02you learned a lot.
5:09:05Awesome.
5:09:21Art of learning.
5:09:51Oh my god.
5:10:03The left hand. The left hand from the
5:10:08book The Art of Learning by Josh
5:10:11Weightskin.
5:10:14Hand
5:10:16left
5:10:18right.
5:10:20Doctor
5:10:22weak
5:10:24side
5:10:26learn
5:10:28strong
5:10:30champion
5:10:33sport
5:10:36crack.
5:10:40>> He hears [snorts] it
5:10:42in the middle of a match.
5:10:47His
5:10:59name is Josh Weightskin.
5:11:04He has a broken right hand.
5:11:34Does he hear a crack
5:11:37in the middle of a match?
5:11:49Yes,
5:11:52he hears it in the middle of a match.
5:11:58Does he have a broken
5:12:00right hand
5:12:03or left hand?
5:12:13He has a broken right hand.
5:12:19What is his name?
5:12:28His name is
5:12:30Josh Weightskin.
5:12:40His book, The Art of Learning,
5:12:45tells the story of this day.
5:13:00As a boy, he was a chess champion.
5:13:06Now he does a sport
5:13:09called push hands.
5:13:33Was he a chess champion as a boy?
5:13:47Yes.
5:13:49As a boy, he was a chess champion.
5:13:55Does he do a sport now
5:13:59or only chess
5:14:10now? He does a sport
5:14:13called push hands.
5:14:18What does his book tell?
5:14:27His book tells the story of this day.
5:14:38>> In this sport, two people push.
5:14:44Each one tries to make the other lose
5:14:48balance.
5:15:04He is the national champion.
5:15:09The next national contest
5:15:13is in seven weeks.
5:15:32>> Awesome.
5:15:34Let's go.
5:15:36Is he the national champion?
5:15:48Yes,
5:15:50he is the national champion.
5:15:55In this sport, do two people push
5:16:00or run?
5:16:09In this sport, two people push.
5:16:15When is the next national contest?
5:16:28The next national contest
5:16:32is in seven weeks.
5:16:37>> Well done.
5:16:39I'm coming.
5:16:41>> Seven weeks left.
5:16:45He goes to the doctor.
5:16:57The doctor looks at pictures of the
5:17:00bone.
5:17:02The news is bad.
5:17:20Is the news
5:17:22good?
5:17:33No,
5:17:36the news
5:17:38is bad.
5:17:41Does he go to the doctrine
5:17:45or to his teacher?
5:17:53He goes
5:17:55to the doctor.
5:17:58What does the doctor look at?
5:18:10The doctor looks at pictures
5:18:14of the bone.
5:18:22The doctor says
5:18:24no,
5:18:28he cannot compete in the big contest.
5:18:46What would you do?
5:18:50Stay at home?
5:18:53Wait for your hand.
5:19:15Does the doctor
5:19:17say yes?
5:19:27No.
5:19:30The doctor says no.
5:19:34Can he compete in the big contest
5:19:39or not?
5:19:48He cannot compete
5:19:51in the big contest.
5:19:55Who says he cannot compete?
5:20:08The doctor says he cannot compete in the
5:20:12big contest.
5:20:16>> Fabulous. Let's keep it up.
5:20:19>> He gets a cast on his arm.
5:20:24The next day, he trains again.
5:20:42He keeps his right hand behind him.
5:20:47He trains [snorts] slowly with friends.
5:21:10Does he train again the next day?
5:21:24Yes.
5:21:26The next day he trains again.
5:21:32Does he train fast
5:21:36or slowly?
5:21:45He trains slowly
5:21:48with friends.
5:21:51Where does he keep his right hand?
5:22:03He keeps his right hand
5:22:07behind him.
5:22:12That's great.
5:22:15>> Now he has only one hand,
5:22:19his left hand.
5:22:24It is his weak hand.
5:22:42Every day his left hand learns something
5:22:47new.
5:23:00is speaking.
5:23:03>> Does he have two hands
5:23:06now?
5:23:17No.
5:23:21Now he has only one hand.
5:23:25His left hand.
5:23:28Is his left hand his strong hand
5:23:34or his weak hand?
5:23:44His left hand
5:23:47is his weak hand.
5:23:50What does his left hand learn every day?
5:24:05Every day his left hand learns something
5:24:10new.
5:24:16>> It learns to stop a push.
5:24:21It learns to move a big man.
5:24:40It even learns
5:24:43to eat with chopsticks.
5:24:50Awesome.
5:25:05Does his left hand learn to eat with
5:25:09chopsticks?
5:25:19Yes.
5:25:21It even learns to eat with chopsticks.
5:25:26Does it learn to move a big man
5:25:31or a small man?
5:25:40It learns to move a big man.
5:25:46What does it learn to stop?
5:25:56It learns to stop a push.
5:26:06>> Five weeks left.
5:26:10His teacher gives him harder partners.
5:26:25>> [sighs]
5:26:25>> They have two hands.
5:26:30He has one.
5:26:34They want to beat him.
5:26:37[snorts]
5:26:52at first.
5:26:54It is very hard.
5:27:10Do his new partners have two hands?
5:27:25Yes,
5:27:27they have two hands.
5:27:32He has one.
5:27:34Does his teacher give him easier
5:27:39or harder partners?
5:27:48His teacher gives him harder partners.
5:27:54How many weeks are left?
5:28:02Five weeks are left.
5:28:11>> Then something strange happens.
5:28:17His one hand can stop their two hands.
5:28:26His
5:28:39goal changes.
5:28:43Before he only wanted his old hand back.
5:29:09Can his one hand
5:29:13stop their two hands?
5:29:26Yes,
5:29:29his one hand can stop their two hands.
5:29:37Before
5:29:39did he want his old hand
5:29:42or a new one?
5:29:46Before
5:29:54he only wanted
5:29:56his old hand back.
5:30:00What changes?
5:30:08His goal changes.
5:30:13I'm super proud of you.
5:30:18>> Now he wants something new.
5:30:24A strong left hand.
5:30:404 days left.
5:30:44The doctor looks again.
5:30:47The bone is fine.
5:31:08Does he want a strong left hand now?
5:31:23Yes.
5:31:26Now he wants a strong left hand.
5:31:32Is the bone fine
5:31:36or still broken?
5:31:45The bone is fine.
5:31:50How many days are left?
5:31:58Four days are left.
5:32:03>> That's amazing.
5:32:06>> On the big day, he has a strong left
5:32:10hand.
5:32:13He wins.
5:32:28The broken hand took something from him.
5:32:33It also gave him something.
5:32:53Does he
5:32:55win?
5:33:04Yes,
5:33:06he wins.
5:33:10Is his left hand strong
5:33:15or weak on the big day
5:33:28on the big day? He has a strong left
5:33:33hand.
5:33:35What did the broken hand do?
5:33:48The broken hand
5:33:50took something from him.
5:33:54It also gave him something.
5:34:07Maybe a problem closes your easy road.
5:34:14Then your weak side can grow.
5:34:34You have a left hand in English too.
5:34:40Speaking,
5:34:42writing,
5:34:45listening
5:35:02this week.
5:35:04Which weak side will you train?
5:35:21Let's jump into it.
5:35:24>> Do you have a left hand in English, too?
5:35:38Yes,
5:35:40you have a left hand in English, too.
5:35:45Can your weak side grow
5:35:50or does it stay weak?
5:36:01Your weak side can grow.
5:36:07Which weak side will you train
5:36:11this week?
5:36:21This week I will train my weak side.
5:36:34The grammar we practice today have has.
5:36:38He has a broken right hand.
5:36:43Now he has only one hand. His left hand.
5:36:49They have two hands.
5:36:54He has one.
5:37:02Congratulations.
5:37:04You practiced 312 words in this story
5:37:08and you learned a lot.
5:37:12>> I lost. That's amazing. Awesome.
5:37:30Amazing. Awesome.
5:37:53Let's go.
5:38:16Social media,
5:38:30native Fore
5:38:47communication.
5:39:29forch.
5:40:03I will step.
5:40:27But anyways,
5:40:32Tiny habits.
5:40:44Alhamdulillah.
5:41:00two push-ups push-ups.
5:41:03That's it.
5:41:05It's going to have a huge impact.
5:41:13The sink.
5:41:14>> The sink from the book tiny habits by BJ
5:41:19Fog.
5:41:21Sink
5:41:23wash
5:41:25tiny
5:41:27habit
5:41:30need
5:41:32second
5:41:34easy
5:41:36plan
5:41:38clean
5:41:40evening
5:41:43a sink
5:41:47water
5:41:51soap
5:41:54Two clean hands.
5:42:13You use a sink many times every day.
5:42:18So does everyone.
5:42:30For one man,
5:42:32this sink changed his body.
5:42:53Do you use a sink many times every day?
5:43:08Yes.
5:43:10You use a sink many times every day.
5:43:17Are the two hands clean
5:43:21or dirty?
5:43:29The two hands are clean.
5:43:33What did this sink change for one man?
5:43:48For one man,
5:43:51this sink changed his body.
5:44:02>> He is BJ Fog.
5:44:06He studies human habits at Stamford
5:44:10University.
5:44:24He knows a lot about habits.
5:44:29He wanted to be stronger.
5:44:44Great.
5:44:48Does he study
5:44:50human habits?
5:45:02Yes,
5:45:04he studies human habits
5:45:07at Stamford University.
5:45:12Does he know a lot or a little about
5:45:17habits?
5:45:25He knows a lot about habits.
5:45:30What did he want?
5:45:38He wanted to be stronger.
5:45:43Extraordinary. Let's keep it up.
5:45:46So he made a tiny rule for himself.
5:46:00After he washes his hands, he does two
5:46:04push-ups.
5:46:19Did he make a tiny rule for himself?
5:46:34Yes,
5:46:37he made a tiny rule for himself.
5:46:43Does he do two push-ups
5:46:47or 20?
5:46:54He does two push-ups.
5:46:58When does he do two push-ups
5:47:11after he washes his hands? He does two
5:47:15push-ups.
5:47:18>> All right, back to the story.
5:47:22Only two
5:47:24right there next to the sink on the
5:47:28floor.
5:47:39Wash.
5:47:41Push.
5:47:43Push.
5:47:46Done.
5:47:49It takes a few seconds.
5:48:07Then he smiles and feels good about it.
5:48:24Does it take a long time?
5:48:35No,
5:48:37it takes a few seconds.
5:48:42Does he do them next to the sink
5:48:46or in a gym?
5:48:56He does them right there next to the
5:49:00sink.
5:49:02What does he do then?
5:49:11Then he smiles
5:49:14and feels good about it.
5:49:18>> That's amazing.
5:49:22>> Why after washing his hands?
5:49:26Because he already does that every day.
5:49:45He does not need a note on the wall.
5:49:49He does not need an alarm.
5:50:07Does he need an alarm?
5:50:19No,
5:50:21he does not need an alarm.
5:50:26Does he wash his hands every day or once
5:50:32a week?
5:50:41He washes his hands every day.
5:50:47Why? After washing his hands,
5:50:59he already washes his hands every day.
5:51:11>> He does not even need to remember it.
5:51:20The sink says,
5:51:24"Now it is time."
5:51:29Every single time,
5:51:47Morning, afternoon, evening,
5:51:53the sink is always there.
5:52:09Awesome.
5:52:13>> Does he need to remember it?
5:52:26No.
5:52:28He does not even need to remember it.
5:52:34Is the sink there in the evening or only
5:52:39in the morning?
5:52:50The sink is always there. Morning,
5:52:55afternoon,
5:52:57evening.
5:52:59What does the sink say?
5:53:12The sink says
5:53:16now it is time.
5:53:21>> Well done. here and come in.
5:53:25>> Busy day or quiet evening, he still
5:53:30washes his hands.
5:53:42So, the push-ups come too.
5:53:47He does not need a plan for them.
5:54:06Let's jump into it.
5:54:08>> Does he wash his hands
5:54:12on a quiet evening?
5:54:23Yes.
5:54:26Busy day or quiet evening, he still
5:54:31washes his hands.
5:54:35Does he need a plan
5:54:39or do the push-ups just come?
5:54:52He does not need a plan.
5:54:58The push-ups come too.
5:55:02What comes to
5:55:09the push-ups come too.
5:55:19The days went by.
5:55:23Two push-ups became easy.
5:55:29Slowly
5:55:38he did a few more.
5:55:41He became stronger.
5:55:45that
5:55:59speaking.
5:56:04>> Did two push-ups
5:56:07become easy?
5:56:18Yes.
5:56:21Two push-ups became
5:56:24easy.
5:56:27Did he become
5:56:29stronger
5:56:31or weaker?
5:56:39He became
5:56:42stronger.
5:56:45What did he do?
5:56:47Slowly.
5:56:55Slowly.
5:56:57He [snorts] did a few more.
5:57:01>> I'm super proud of you.
5:57:06tiny habit grew by itself.
5:57:11He had no gym plan.
5:57:25Many times a day the same small scene.
5:57:31Wash.
5:57:33Push.
5:57:36Push.
5:57:56>> Did he have
5:57:59a gym plan?
5:58:09No,
5:58:11he had no gym plan.
5:58:16Did the tiny habit grow by itself
5:58:22or with a big plan?
5:58:32That tiny habit grew by itself.
5:58:38What is the same small scene?
5:58:51The same small scene is
5:58:55wash push push.
5:59:04Let's jump into
5:59:08Let's keep it up. The sink does the
5:59:12remembering for him.
5:59:15Clean hands, then push-ups.
5:59:32attach a tiny new habit to something you
5:59:37already do.
5:59:55Does the sink do the remembering
6:00:00for him?
6:00:10Yes.
6:00:13The sink does the remembering
6:00:18for him.
6:00:20Do you attach a tiny habit or a big
6:00:25habit?
6:00:36Attach a tiny new habit to something you
6:00:41already do.
6:00:45What comes after clean hands?
6:00:57After clean hands, the push-ups come.
6:01:07Try this with your English.
6:01:11What do you already do every day?
6:01:27You eat breakfast.
6:01:30You lock your car.
6:01:34You close your door.
6:01:56Do you eat breakfast every day?
6:02:08Yes.
6:02:10You eat breakfast every day.
6:02:15Do you close your door
6:02:18or your window?
6:02:25You close your door.
6:02:29What do you already do every day?
6:02:43I eat breakfast.
6:02:46I lock my car.
6:02:49I close my door.
6:02:56Pick one.
6:02:59Then add one tiny English habit after
6:03:04it.
6:03:15For example,
6:03:18after breakfast, I say three English
6:03:23words.
6:03:42Do you add a tiny English habit after
6:03:46it?
6:03:56Yes,
6:03:58you add one tiny English habit after it.
6:04:05After breakfast,
6:04:07do I say three English words
6:04:11or three pages?
6:04:22After breakfast,
6:04:24I say three English [clears throat]
6:04:26words.
6:04:28How many do you pick?
6:04:34You pick one.
6:04:40And let's continue.
6:04:42Tiny,
6:04:45easy,
6:04:48done in a few seconds.
6:04:51Like his push-ups.
6:05:08Tomorrow after breakfast,
6:05:12your plate goes in the sink.
6:05:25Then three English words out loud.
6:05:32The sink will remind you.
6:05:55Let's jump into it.
6:05:57Is it
6:05:59easy?
6:06:10Yes,
6:06:13it is tiny and easy.
6:06:19Is it done in a few seconds
6:06:23or a few hours?
6:06:35It is done in a few seconds
6:06:40like his push-ups.
6:06:43Where does your plate go
6:06:47after breakfast?
6:06:58After breakfast,
6:07:01your plate goes in the sink.
6:07:12The grammar we practice today, present
6:07:15simple. You use a sink many times every
6:07:19day.
6:07:21He studies human habits at Stanford
6:07:25University.
6:07:28After he washes his hands, he does two
6:07:31push-ups.
6:07:34It takes a few seconds.
6:07:43Congratulations.
6:07:45You practiced 306 words in this story
6:07:49and you learned a lot.
6:08:10Oh, it's all working.
6:08:33The mindset,
6:08:46growth mindset,
6:09:03It's It's such a great book.
6:09:14Not you.
6:09:16Not you from the book Mindset by Carol
6:09:21S. Dwick.
6:09:23List
6:09:25team.
6:09:28Choose.
6:09:30School.
6:09:32Train.
6:09:34Player.
6:09:37College.
6:09:39Basketball.
6:09:41Leave.
6:09:44Score.
6:09:47A school hallway.
6:09:50A list on the wall.
6:09:54A boy stops and reads it.
6:10:10It is 1978.
6:10:17This is the list for the school
6:10:20basketball team. Awesome.
6:10:49Does the boy stop
6:10:52and read the list?
6:11:03Yes.
6:11:07The boy stops
6:11:10and reads it.
6:11:13Is this the list for the basketball team
6:11:19or the chess team?
6:11:29This is the list for the school
6:11:32basketball team.
6:11:35What year is it?
6:11:45It is
6:11:471978.
6:11:52>> Congratulations. Let's keep going.
6:11:55>> He reads it once.
6:11:59He reads it again.
6:12:03The name Michael Jordan is not there.
6:12:24He leaves school and goes home.
6:12:28[sighs]
6:12:28In his room, he cries.
6:12:47Does he find his name on the list?
6:13:02No.
6:13:05He does not find his name.
6:13:10[sighs and gasps] It is not there.
6:13:13Does he stay at school
6:13:17or leave school?
6:13:27He leaves school
6:13:30and goes home.
6:13:33What does he do in his room?
6:13:43In his room,
6:13:46he cries.
6:13:54>> His mother talks to him.
6:13:58She tells him to work harder.
6:14:11So he makes a choice.
6:14:15He does not stop.
6:14:20He trains.
6:14:41Does he
6:14:43stop?
6:14:54No.
6:14:56He does not stop.
6:15:01He trains.
6:15:04Does his mother tell him to stop
6:15:08or to work harder?
6:15:17She tells him to work harder.
6:15:23Who talks to him?
6:15:30His mother talks to him
6:15:39>> every morning. He leaves home early and
6:15:44trains before school.
6:15:58He practices the same moves again and
6:16:03again.
6:16:12A year later,
6:16:15his name is on the team list.
6:16:30speaking.
6:16:33Does he train before school?
6:16:47Yes.
6:16:50Every morning he trains before school.
6:16:55Does he leave home early
6:17:00or late?
6:17:07He leaves home early.
6:17:11Where is his name?
6:17:14A year later.
6:17:26A year later,
6:17:30his name is on the team list.
6:17:35>> Extraordinary. Let's keep it up.
6:17:39Maybe it was the list.
6:17:43Maybe the list made him hungry.
6:18:001981.
6:18:04He dreams of one college team.
6:18:09That team does not choose him.
6:18:35Does that college team
6:18:38choose him?
6:18:49No.
6:18:52that team does not choose him.
6:18:57Does he dream of a college team
6:19:01or a school team?
6:19:11He dreams
6:19:13of one college team.
6:19:18What made him hungry?
6:19:21Maybe
6:19:30maybe the list
6:19:32made him hungry.
6:19:42Another college takes him.
6:19:46He does not slow down.
6:19:51He trains even harder there.
6:20:10There
6:20:12he makes the winning shot in a big
6:20:16final.
6:20:27>> Awesome.
6:20:29Let's go.
6:20:31Does he slow down at the new college?
6:20:45No,
6:20:47he does not slow down.
6:20:51He trains even harder there.
6:20:56Does another college take him
6:21:00or no college?
6:21:08Another college
6:21:10takes him.
6:21:12What does he make in a big final?
6:21:25He makes the winning shot in a big
6:21:29final.
6:21:32>> I'm super proud of you.
6:21:37>> 1984.
6:21:43Now his goal is the NBA,
6:21:47America's top league.
6:22:06the teams choose new players
6:22:09one by one.
6:22:29Is his goal
6:22:32the NBA now?
6:22:45Yes.
6:22:47Now his goal is the NBA.
6:22:53Do the teams choose players one by one
6:22:58or all at once?
6:23:08The teams choose new players
6:23:12one by one.
6:23:15What year is it now?
6:23:26It is
6:23:281984.
6:23:33>> Fabulous. Let's keep it up.
6:23:37>> The first team does not choose him.
6:23:42The second team does not choose him.
6:24:00Then the third team says yes
6:24:05[applause]
6:24:06it is Chicago.
6:24:24>> Does the first team choose him?
6:24:37No,
6:24:40the first team
6:24:42does not choose him.
6:24:46Does the second team or the third team
6:24:50say yes.
6:25:01The third team says yes
6:25:07it is Chicago.
6:25:11What is the third team?
6:25:20The third team is Chicago.
6:25:30>> Three times someone looks at him and
6:25:34says,
6:25:37"Not you.
6:25:53Each time he does the same thing,
6:25:58he goes back to the gym.
6:26:18speaking skills.
6:26:21>> Does he stop
6:26:23after a no?
6:26:34No,
6:26:36he does not stop.
6:26:41He goes back to the gym.
6:26:46Does this happen two times
6:26:49or three times?
6:27:01Three times
6:27:03someone looks at him
6:27:06and says,
6:27:09"Not you."
6:27:12Where does he go each time?
6:27:23Each time he goes back to the gym,
6:27:34Carol Dwek tells this story in her book
6:27:39Mindset.
6:27:50She says he worked harder than almost
6:27:55anyone
6:28:05today. Many people call him the best
6:28:10basketball player ever.
6:28:14Awesome.
6:28:29>> Does Carol Dwick tell this story
6:28:34in her book?
6:28:45Yes,
6:28:48[gasps] Carol Dwek tells this story in
6:28:51her book Mindset.
6:28:55Is he the best basketball player
6:29:00or the best chess player?
6:29:13Many people call him the best basketball
6:29:18player ever.
6:29:21What does she say about him?
6:29:33She says he worked harder than almost
6:29:38anyone.
6:29:43That's great.
6:29:46The boy from the list.
6:29:51Three [snorts] nos.
6:29:53And the gym
6:29:55every time.
6:30:12The list does not say who he is.
6:30:18It says what to work on.
6:30:40Does the list say
6:30:43who he is?
6:30:54No,
6:30:57the list does not say who he is.
6:31:02Does the list say who he is
6:31:07or what to work on?
6:31:16It says what to work on.
6:31:20Who is the boy from the list?
6:31:33The boy from the list is
6:31:36Michael Jordan.
6:31:41>> Well done.
6:31:45A no is information.
6:31:49It is not the end.
6:32:01Maybe you got a low English score.
6:32:06Maybe a teacher said no.
6:32:22Let's jump into it. Is a no
6:32:26the end.
6:32:37No.
6:32:39A no is not the end.
6:32:45It is information.
6:32:48Is the English score low
6:32:53or high.
6:33:01Maybe you got a low English score.
6:33:06What is a no?
6:33:13A no is information.
6:33:18>> All right.
6:33:24That score hurts.
6:33:26It is fine to feel it.
6:33:37Then do not ask
6:33:40am I good enough?
6:33:50Ask
6:33:53what is this list telling me to train?
6:34:12Let's jump into it.
6:34:15>> Does Ed score
6:34:17hurt?
6:34:28Yes,
6:34:31that score hurts.
6:34:36It is fine to feel it.
6:34:40Do you ask if you are good
6:34:44or what to train?
6:34:56Do not ask if you are good enough.
6:35:02Ask what to train.
6:35:06What is this list telling you?
6:35:17This list is telling me what to train.
6:35:29The grammar we practice today. Present
6:35:33simple negative.
6:35:35He does not stop.
6:35:40That team does not choose him.
6:35:44He does not slow down.
6:35:49The first team does not choose him.
6:35:58Congratulations.
6:36:00You practiced 314
6:36:03words in this story and you learned a
6:36:06lot.
6:36:10Yes.
6:36:39This is amazing.
6:36:44And
6:37:08What happened?
6:37:12The hotel door. The hotel door from the
6:37:17book Alibaba by Duncan Clark.
6:37:22Morning.
6:37:24Hotel
6:37:27boy
6:37:29city
6:37:31ride
6:37:33early
6:37:35question
6:37:37listen
6:37:39year
6:37:41foreign
6:37:44it was early morning
6:37:47in Hanjo
6:37:49a city in China.
6:38:02A boy of about 12
6:38:05got on his bicycle.
6:38:28Was it early morning
6:38:32in Hjo?
6:38:43Yes,
6:38:46it was early morning in Hjo,
6:38:50a city in China.
6:38:54Is Hjo a city in China or in Japan?
6:39:06Hanjo is a city in China.
6:39:12What did the boy get on?
6:39:21The boy got on his bicycle.
6:39:26>> Congratulations. Let's keep going.
6:39:30>> He rode for about 40 minutes.
6:39:36Where did he go?
6:39:49Not to school.
6:39:52He went to a big hotel.
6:40:08speaking.
6:40:11Did he ride to school?
6:40:24No,
6:40:26not to school.
6:40:30He went to a big hotel.
6:40:34Did he ride for 40 minutes
6:40:38or 4 hours?
6:40:47He rode for about 40 minutes.
6:40:53Where did he go?
6:41:01He went to a big hotel.
6:41:12>> Foreign visitors stayed at this hotel.
6:41:17They spoke English.
6:41:31The boy waited at the hotel for them
6:41:35early every morning.
6:41:52Did foreign visitors stay at this hotel?
6:42:06Yes.
6:42:08Foreign visitors stayed at this hotel.
6:42:13Did the visitors speak English
6:42:17or Chinese?
6:42:24They spoke English.
6:42:28When did the boy wait at the hotel?
6:42:40He waited at the hotel
6:42:43early every morning.
6:42:53In those years, few people in his city
6:42:57spoke English.
6:43:07The boy wanted to learn English very
6:43:12much.
6:43:30Did the boy want
6:43:33to learn English?
6:43:44Yes,
6:43:47the boy wanted to learn English very
6:43:50much.
6:43:52Did few people
6:43:55or many people in his city speak
6:43:59English.
6:44:09In those years,
6:44:11few people in his city spoke English.
6:44:16How much did the boy want to learn
6:44:20English?
6:44:29He wanted to learn English
6:44:33very much.
6:44:40So he went to the visitors.
6:44:45He made them an offer.
6:44:58He showed them his city for free.
6:45:04They talked with him in English.
6:45:27Did he show them his city
6:45:30for free?
6:45:42Yes,
6:45:44he showed them his city for free.
6:45:49Did they talk with him in English
6:45:54or in Chinese?
6:46:03They talked with him
6:46:06in English.
6:46:08What did he make them?
6:46:16He made them an offer.
6:46:24>> A free tour for them,
6:46:29free English for him.
6:46:34Does that sound
6:46:37smart?
6:46:54At first it was not easy.
6:46:59English was hard for him.
6:47:14speaking.
6:47:19Does that sound
6:47:22smart?
6:47:33Yes,
6:47:35a free tour for them.
6:47:40Free English for him.
6:47:44Was English easy
6:47:48or hard for him at first?
6:47:58At first,
6:48:00English was hard for him.
6:48:04What did the visitors get?
6:48:12The visitors got a free tour.
6:48:18>> That's amazing.
6:48:22He listened.
6:48:25He asked questions.
6:48:28He tried every day.
6:48:45The next morning he rode to the hotel
6:48:49again.
6:48:59And the morning after that.
6:49:03And the morning after that,
6:49:25did he listen
6:49:28and ask questions?
6:49:40Yes,
6:49:43he listened.
6:49:47He asked questions.
6:49:52Did he ride to the hotel again
6:49:57or stay at home?
6:50:08The next morning he rode to the hotel
6:50:13again.
6:50:16When did he try?
6:50:24He tried every day.
6:50:34He did this for years,
6:50:38not days,
6:50:41not weeks.
6:50:45Yes.
6:51:03One of his foreign friends
6:51:06gave him an English name.
6:51:25Did he do this for only a few days?
6:51:39No,
6:51:41he did this for years.
6:51:46Did he do this for weeks
6:51:50or for years?
6:52:02He did this for years,
6:52:06not weeks.
6:52:10Years.
6:52:13Who gave him an English name?
6:52:26One of his foreign friends
6:52:30gave him an English name.
6:52:34>> Fabulous. Let's keep it up.
6:52:38>> His Chinese name was hard for the friend
6:52:41to say.
6:52:50Later the boy grew up and became an
6:52:56English teacher.
6:53:14Was his Chinese name easy for the friend
6:53:19to say?
6:53:29No,
6:53:32his Chinese name was hard for the friend
6:53:36to say.
6:53:39Did the boy become an English teacher
6:53:43or a doctor?
6:53:52The boy became an English teacher.
6:53:58What was hard for the friend.
6:54:10His Chinese name was hard for the friend
6:54:15to say.
6:54:25Let's keep it up.
6:54:27>> Years later,
6:54:29he started a small internet company with
6:54:33friends.
6:54:45That company grew very big.
6:54:50It helps people buy and sell online.
6:55:09Now it's your turn. Answer the
6:55:12questions.
6:55:14Did he start a small internet company
6:55:19with friends?
6:55:30Yes.
6:55:32Years
6:55:34later,
6:55:36he started a small internet company with
6:55:40friends.
6:55:44Did that company stay small
6:55:48or grow very big?
6:55:58That company grew very big.
6:56:03What does the company help people do?
6:56:15It helps people
6:56:18buy and sell online.
6:56:26Do you know who he is?
6:56:31Maybe you do.
6:56:44The boy on the bicycle was Jack Ma.
6:56:51He started Alibaba,
6:56:54one of the biggest companies in China.
6:57:18Do you know the boy's name
6:57:21now?
6:57:31Yes.
6:57:34The boy on the bicycle was Jack Ma.
6:57:40Did he start Alibaba
6:57:45or a hotel?
6:57:56He started Alibaba,
6:58:00one of the biggest companies in China.
6:58:05What is Alibaba?
6:58:17Alibaba
6:58:18is one of the biggest companies in
6:58:21China.
6:58:28>> Every morning the same road.
6:58:34Every morning the same door.
6:58:50Jack did not wait for English to come to
6:58:54him.
6:59:02He went to English.
6:59:07He went every day.
6:59:24Did Jack wait for English to come to
6:59:28him?
6:59:39No,
6:59:41Jack did not wait for English to come to
6:59:46him
6:59:48every morning.
6:59:50Was it the same road
6:59:53or a new road?
7:00:02Every morning
7:00:04it was the same road.
7:00:08How often did he go to English?
7:00:20He went to English
7:00:23every day.
7:00:27All right.
7:00:32And you
7:00:35do you [clears throat] wait for English
7:00:39or do you go to it?
7:00:55Where does English live near you?
7:01:01online,
7:01:02at work,
7:01:04in a club.
7:01:20Go there early, [clears throat]
7:01:24listen and ask questions.
7:01:30Find your hotel door.
7:01:54Let's jump into it.
7:01:56Do you wait
7:01:59for English?
7:02:10No,
7:02:12I do not wait for English.
7:02:17I go to it.
7:02:20Does English live near you
7:02:25or only far away?
7:02:37English lives near me
7:02:41online, at work, in a club.
7:02:46What do you do there?
7:02:58I go there early.
7:03:02I listen
7:03:04and I ask questions.
7:03:15The grammar we practiced today, present
7:03:19simple questions.
7:03:21Does that sound smart?
7:03:26Do you know who he is?
7:03:30Do you wait for English or do you go to
7:03:33it?
7:03:36Where does English live near you?
7:03:46Congratulations.
7:03:47You practiced 305 words in this story
7:03:51and you learned a lot.
7:03:57Congratulations.
7:04:26Awesome
7:04:28mindset.
7:04:41Growth mindset.
7:04:58It's It's such a great book.
7:05:09The brace. The brace from the book
7:05:13Mindset by Carol S. Dwick.
7:05:17Weak
7:05:19leg
7:05:21girl
7:05:23help
7:05:25run
7:05:27finish
7:05:29sick
7:05:31hospital
7:05:33where
7:05:35bus
7:05:38Rome
7:05:401960
7:05:45a young woman won her third gold medal.
7:05:51[cheering]
7:06:06People called her the fastest woman in
7:06:11the world.
7:06:21Her name was Wilmer Rudolph.
7:06:27She was from
7:06:29America.
7:06:55Did she win her third gold medal
7:07:01in Rome?
7:07:12Yes.
7:07:15In Rome in 1960,
7:07:18she won her third gold medal.
7:07:24Was she from America
7:07:27or from Rome?
7:07:35She was from
7:07:38America.
7:07:40What did people
7:07:43call her?
7:07:54People called her the fastest woman in
7:07:58the world.
7:08:01>> Extraordinary. Let's keep it up.
7:08:06>> Now go back to the start.
7:08:11It does not start with running.
7:08:27It starts with a little girl.
7:08:32She was often sick.
7:08:35[cough and clears throat]
7:08:48Does her story start
7:08:52with running?
7:09:03No,
7:09:05it does not start with running.
7:09:10It starts with a little girl.
7:09:14Was the little girl often sick
7:09:19or often well?
7:09:26She was often sick.
7:09:29Who does the story
7:09:32start with?
7:09:43It starts with a little girl.
7:09:47She was often sick.
7:09:54>> When she was very young, she got polio.
7:10:05Polio is a sickness.
7:10:09It can make legs weak.
7:10:22Her left leg became very weak.
7:10:26It turned in.
7:10:41Let's jump into it.
7:10:43>> Did her left leg turn in?
7:10:58Yes.
7:11:00Her left leg became very weak and it
7:11:05turned in. [clears throat]
7:11:08Did she get polio when she was young
7:11:13or old?
7:11:22She got polio
7:11:25when she was very young.
7:11:29What can polio
7:11:31do to legs?
7:11:41Polio can make legs
7:11:44weak.
7:11:50She had to wear a metal brace.
7:11:56It held her leg.
7:12:10Doctors said she might never walk well
7:12:14again.
7:12:31Did she have to wear
7:12:34a metal brace?
7:12:47[sighs and gasps] Yes.
7:12:49She had to wear a metal brace.
7:12:54It held her leg.
7:12:58Was the brace metal
7:13:01or wood?
7:13:07It was a metal brace.
7:13:11What did the doctor say?
7:13:22Doctors said
7:13:24she might never walk well again.
7:13:35>> Think about that.
7:13:38A sick little girl
7:13:40wearing a heavy brace every day.
7:13:58Her family helped.
7:14:02It was a big family and it was poor.
7:14:25Did her family help?
7:14:36Yes, [sighs]
7:14:38her family helped.
7:14:42Was her family big or small?
7:14:55It was a big family
7:14:59and it was poor.
7:15:02What did the little girl wear every day?
7:15:14She wore a heavy brace
7:15:18every day.
7:15:28Let's keep it up.
7:15:30The hospital was far away.
7:15:34Her mother took her there by bus.
7:15:49The bus trip was long.
7:15:54They travel to the hospital again and
7:15:58again
7:16:00for years.
7:16:23Was the hospital near her home?
7:16:34No,
7:16:36the hospital was far away.
7:16:42Did they travel by bus or by car?
7:16:54They traveled by bus.
7:16:57Her mother took her there by bus.
7:17:02How long did they travel to the
7:17:05hospital?
7:17:15They traveled to the hospital again
7:17:20and again
7:17:22for years.
7:17:26>> I'm super proud of you.
7:17:30>> At home,
7:17:32the family rubbed her weak leg every
7:17:36day.
7:17:47Wilmer did her exercises
7:17:52[sighs] day after day,
7:17:55year after year.
7:18:19Did the family rub her weak leg every
7:18:24day? [clears throat]
7:18:34Yes.
7:18:37At home, the family rubbed her weak leg
7:18:43every day.
7:18:46Did they rub her leg at home
7:18:50or at the hospital?
7:18:59They rubbed her leg at home.
7:19:04What did Wilmer do day after day?
7:19:18Wilmer did her exercises day after day,
7:19:23year after year.
7:19:32>> At about 12, she took off the brace.
7:19:39She walked without it.
7:19:56Walking was not enough.
7:20:00She played basketball
7:20:03and she ran.
7:20:22Did she walk without the brace?
7:20:36Yes.
7:20:38At about 12, she took off the brace. She
7:20:43walked without it.
7:20:46Did she play basketball
7:20:49or tennis?
7:20:58She played basketball
7:21:01and she ran.
7:21:04When did she take off? the brace.
7:21:15At about 12, she took off the brace.
7:21:25She was fast,
7:21:29very fast.
7:21:33A coach saw her and helped her train.
7:21:54At 16, she ran in her first Olympics.
7:22:00She won a medal. [cheering]
7:22:17Awesome.
7:22:23Did a coach help her train?
7:22:36Yes,
7:22:38a coach saw her and helped her train.
7:22:45Was she 16 or 20 at her first Olympics?
7:23:02She was 16.
7:23:04At 16, she ran in her first Olympics.
7:23:11What did she win at her first Olympics?
7:23:19She won a medal.
7:23:29She trained hard for years.
7:23:35Every year she got faster.
7:23:52Then came Rome.
7:23:55Three races,
7:23:58three gold medals. [cheering]
7:24:14The girl with the weak leg won the more.
7:24:28Let's jump into it.
7:24:30>> Did she train hard
7:24:34for years?
7:24:45Yes,
7:24:47she trained hard for years.
7:24:52Every year she got faster.
7:24:57Did she win one gold medal
7:25:01or three in Rome?
7:25:14She won three gold medals.
7:25:20The girl with the weak leg won them all.
7:25:26How many races were there in Rome?
7:25:40There were three races and she won them
7:25:44all.
7:25:51>> Her story did not start at the finish
7:25:54line.
7:25:56It started with a brace.
7:26:11The doctors saw a weak leg.
7:26:16They did not see the years of work.
7:26:40speaking skills.
7:26:42>> Did her story start at the finish line?
7:26:57No,
7:26:59her story did not start at the finish
7:27:03line.
7:27:05It started with a brace.
7:27:09Did the doctors see the weak leg
7:27:13or the years of work?
7:27:25The doctors saw a weak leg.
7:27:30They did not see the years of work.
7:27:35What did her story start with?
7:27:44It started
7:27:46with a brace.
7:27:55And this is true for more than legs.
7:28:07Your English may feel weak today.
7:28:11That is fine.
7:28:23That is not the end of your story.
7:28:29It is the start.
7:28:43It kill him.
7:28:45>> Is this true only for legs?
7:28:59No.
7:29:01This is true for more than legs.
7:29:06Is a weak start the end of your story
7:29:12or the start.
7:29:23It is not the end of your story.
7:29:27It is the start.
7:29:31How may your English
7:29:33[sighs] feel today?
7:29:44Your English may feel weak today.
7:29:48That is fine.
7:29:52>> That's amazing.
7:29:54Okay, let's jump into it and come
7:29:57>> say five English sentences out loud
7:30:02today.
7:30:06Then again
7:30:08tomorrow.
7:30:25So remember
7:30:27your start
7:30:29is not your finish.
7:30:42Final round.
7:30:48>> Do you say the sentences
7:30:52out loud?
7:31:04Yes.
7:31:07Say five English sentences out loud
7:31:12today.
7:31:15Is your start your finish
7:31:19or only your start?
7:31:30Your start
7:31:32is not your finish.
7:31:36When do you say them
7:31:39again?
7:31:47Say them again
7:31:50tomorrow.
7:31:58The grammar we practice today, past
7:32:01simple, regular verbs. People called her
7:32:05the fastest woman in the world.
7:32:10Her family helped.
7:32:14They traveled to the hospital again and
7:32:16again for years.
7:32:20At home, the family rubbed her weak leg
7:32:23every day.
7:32:31Congratulations.
7:32:32You practiced 316 words in this story
7:32:37and you learned a lot.
7:32:45Fore
7:33:12it's going to be a lot
7:33:32My name is
7:33:34I am 21 years old. I have a diploma in
7:33:38networking from the college of telecom
7:33:41and information. I also completed the
7:33:45English foundation course with English.
7:34:16Mhm. [clears throat]
7:34:23for
7:34:32it.
7:35:04Hey. Wow.
7:35:23Hello.
7:35:31Mhm.
7:35:37What you say?
7:35:59foreign
7:36:51Mhm.
7:36:56Alhamdulillah.
7:37:24Mhm.
7:37:55Glorious.
7:38:49Hello.
7:38:56Wow.
7:39:16Mhm.
7:39:22foreign.
7:39:41[clears throat]
7:39:52for them.
7:40:06What does
7:40:20foreign.
7:40:29Mhm. [clears throat]
7:40:42foreign.
7:40:50Mhm.
7:41:08>> [clears throat]
7:41:28>> Mhm. foreign.
7:41:47Hello
7:42:04Mhm.
7:42:22Hello. Hello. foreign.
7:43:02What?ch.
7:43:40Mhm.
7:43:58Yes.
7:44:24Mhm.
7:44:31Mhm.
7:44:54Yes. No.
7:45:10Mhm.
7:45:13Hey.
7:45:18Hey.
7:45:38India.
7:45:53Hello. Hello. foreign.
7:46:24>> [clears throat]
7:46:37>> Mhm.
7:46:48Easy.
7:46:51for
7:47:16vocabulary.
7:47:30Hey,
7:48:00That's my one time.
7:48:35Mhm.
7:48:39Hello.
7:48:51Yeah.
7:49:12foreign
7:49:25speech. I guess.
7:50:09Allah does.
7:50:20Okay.
7:50:22foreign.
7:50:34Mhm.
7:51:02Mhm.
7:51:10Oh, you are
7:51:14introduce yourself.
7:51:24My name is
7:51:42for
7:51:49greasy.
7:51:53Alhamdulillah.
7:52:45Noarche.
7:53:05Mhm.
7:53:37Well, I can tell foreign.
7:54:03Hey
7:54:07Uh
7:54:34second active foreign.
7:54:57Mm.
7:55:26Mhm. Mhm.
7:55:46Okay.
7:56:07Good luck.
7:56:40Mhm.
7:56:53So
7:57:12Mhm.
7:57:14foreign.
7:58:00Okay.
7:58:07That's what
7:58:34feeling lazy. forch.
7:59:04foreign.
7:59:36easy.
7:59:43Alhamdulillah.
8:00:20Nochech.
8:00:24Mhm.
8:00:25>> Good evening.
8:00:47Introduce
8:00:53yourself.
8:01:20Mhm.
8:01:29Fantastic.
8:01:32for
8:01:55no English.
8:02:07Awesome.
8:02:30It's something amazing. It's something
8:02:31totally crazy.
8:02:58Fine, let's go.
8:03:00The fourth rocket. The fourth rocket
8:03:04from the book Elon Musk by Walter
8:03:07Isacson.
8:03:09Rocket.
8:03:12Try.
8:03:14Fail.
8:03:16Go.
8:03:18Find.
8:03:20Take.
8:03:22Dream.
8:03:24Reach.
8:03:26Earth. [clears throat]
8:03:29Island.
8:03:322006.
8:03:362007.
8:03:412008.
8:03:47Three rockets,
8:03:50three failures.
8:04:08The company was Space X.
8:04:13Elon [snorts] Musk started it with his
8:04:16own money.
8:04:32He had a big dream.
8:04:35He wanted his rockets to reach space.
8:05:04Did Elon Musk start SpaceX
8:05:09with his own money?
8:05:21Yes,
8:05:23he started it with his own
8:05:28money.
8:05:30Did he have a big dream
8:05:33or a small dream?
8:05:45He had a big dream.
8:05:52He wanted his rockets
8:05:55to reach space.
8:05:59How many rockets
8:06:01failed?
8:06:13Three rockets failed.
8:06:16Three rockets.
8:06:18Three
8:06:20failures.
8:06:25>> That's great.
8:06:29>> His first rocket was small.
8:06:33Its name was Falcon 1.
8:06:47The first falcon went up in 2006.
8:06:54Soon it caught fire and fell.
8:07:19Did the first falcon catch fire?
8:07:33Yes.
8:07:35Soon it caught fire
8:07:39and fell.
8:07:42Was his first rocket big or small?
8:07:50His
8:07:54first rocket was small.
8:07:59When did the first
8:08:02go up?
8:08:11The first falcon went up in 2006.
8:08:23The team was very sad. [sighs] It took a
8:08:27whole year.
8:08:30Then they tried again.
8:08:48The second rocket went higher.
8:08:51Then it had a problem and failed.
8:09:05Awesome.
8:09:11Did it take a whole year to try again?
8:09:25>> Yes.
8:09:27It took a whole year.
8:09:31Then they tried again.
8:09:35Did the second rocket go higher or
8:09:39lower?
8:09:46The second rocket went higher.
8:09:50What happened to the second rocket?
8:10:00It had a problem [clears throat] and
8:10:03failed.
8:10:09In 2008, they tried a third time.
8:10:14It failed too.
8:10:28Three rockets,
8:10:31three failures.
8:10:36Millions of dollars were gone.
8:10:55Many people thought the dream was
8:10:58finished.
8:11:10Did the third rocket
8:11:14fail too?
8:11:25Yes.
8:11:28In 2008, they tried a third time.
8:11:34It failed too.
8:11:38Did people think the dream was finished
8:11:42or just starting?
8:11:51Many people thought the dream was
8:11:54finished.
8:11:56What was
8:11:58gone?
8:12:05Millions of dollars were gone.
8:12:10Extraordinary. Let's keep it up.
8:12:14>> The money was almost gone.
8:12:18There was money for one more rocket.
8:12:32Only one more.
8:12:36This was the last try.
8:12:40No rocket. No Space X.
8:13:04Was this the last try?
8:13:17Yes.
8:13:20This was the last try.
8:13:24No rocket,
8:13:27no Space X.
8:13:30Was the money almost gone or was there a
8:13:35lot?
8:13:42The money was almost gone.
8:13:48What was there money for?
8:13:58There was money for one more rocket.
8:14:08>> Musk did not stop.
8:14:12He and his team worked day and night.
8:14:32They looked hard at the third rocket.
8:14:36They found the problem.
8:14:54Did Musk [clears throat]
8:14:56stop?
8:15:06No.
8:15:08Musk did not stop.
8:15:12He and his team worked day and night.
8:15:18Did they work in the day only or day and
8:15:23night?
8:15:29They worked day and night.
8:15:34What did they find?
8:15:47They looked hard at the third rocket.
8:15:52They found the problem.
8:15:56>> Congratulations. Let's keep going.
8:16:00>> Then they built the fourth rocket in a
8:16:04few weeks.
8:16:15They took it to a small island in the
8:16:19ocean.
8:16:32I have your job.
8:16:34>> Did they build the fourth rocket in a
8:16:39few weeks?
8:16:50Yes,
8:16:52they built the fourth rocket in a few
8:16:56weeks.
8:16:58Did they take it to a small island
8:17:03or a big city?
8:17:12They took it to a small island in the
8:17:17ocean.
8:17:19Where was the small island?
8:17:30The small island was in the ocean.
8:17:36That's amazing.
8:17:40>> 28th September
8:17:422008,
8:17:46the fourth rocket went up from the
8:17:50island.
8:18:08The team watched the screens.
8:18:12It went up and up and up.
8:18:34speaking skills.
8:18:37>> Did the fourth rocket go up in 2008?
8:18:53Yes.
8:18:55The fourth rocket went up from the
8:18:57island in 2008.
8:19:03Did the team watch the screens
8:19:06or the sea?
8:19:15The team watched the screens.
8:19:20How did the rocket go?
8:19:32It went up and up
8:19:36and up.
8:19:44This time it did not fail.
8:19:49It reached space and went around the
8:19:54earth.
8:20:11The team cheered.
8:20:15Their small company did what big
8:20:20countries do.
8:20:43Did the fourth rocket
8:20:46fail?
8:20:57No,
8:20:59this time it did not fail.
8:21:04It reached space.
8:21:09Did it go around the moon
8:21:12or around the earth?
8:21:19It went around the earth.
8:21:23What did the team do?
8:21:33The team cheered.
8:21:42Read that number again.
8:21:45Four.
8:21:48Not one.
8:21:51Not three.
8:21:54Four.
8:22:10Walter Isaxson tells this story in his
8:22:14book Elon Musk.
8:22:27Great.
8:22:31>> Is the number [sighs] three?
8:22:44>> No,
8:22:46not one,
8:22:49not three.
8:22:52The number is four.
8:22:57Does Walter Isaxson tell this story in a
8:23:01book
8:23:03or a letter?
8:23:13He tells this story in his book
8:23:18Elon Musk.
8:23:21Which number do you read again?
8:23:33Read that number again.
8:23:37[sighs] Four.
8:23:40>> Well done.
8:23:44>> After this rocket, Space X grew.
8:23:51Today, its rockets fly around the Earth
8:23:55all the time.
8:24:12And all of it came from the fourth try.
8:24:31Did SpaceX
8:24:34grow [clears throat]
8:24:35after this rocket?
8:24:46Yes.
8:24:49After this rocket, Space X grew.
8:24:55Did it all come from the first try
8:25:00or the fourth try?
8:25:10All of it came from the fourth try.
8:25:16Where do its rockets fly today?
8:25:28Today, its rockets fly around the Earth
8:25:33all the time.
8:25:42Many people stop after one failure.
8:25:46Some stop after two.
8:25:58Your English has failures too.
8:26:03A test, a class, a plan.
8:26:27Too many people stop after one failure.
8:26:43Yes, [gasps and sighs]
8:26:45many people stop after one failure.
8:26:51Does your English have fakers
8:26:54or only wins?
8:27:02Your English has failures too.
8:27:07What failures does your English have?
8:27:20Your English has failures, too.
8:27:24A test,
8:27:26a class,
8:27:29a plan.
8:27:39Look at each failure like the team did.
8:27:45What did you find?
8:28:00The next try
8:28:03may be the one that works.
8:28:14Fail three times.
8:28:18Good.
8:28:20Now get ready for try four.
8:28:42Let's jump into it.
8:28:45Do you look at each failure?
8:28:58Yes.
8:29:01Look at each failure like the team did.
8:29:07Is the next try the end
8:29:11or the one that works?
8:29:22The next try may be the one that works.
8:29:29What do you get ready for now?
8:29:40Now get ready for try for
8:29:52the grammar we practice today. Past
8:29:55simple irregular verbs. Soon it caught
8:29:59fire and fell.
8:30:03The second rocket went higher.
8:30:08Many people thought the dream was
8:30:10finished.
8:30:13They found the problem.
8:30:22Congratulations.
8:30:24You practiced 317
8:30:26words in this story and you learned a
8:30:29lot.
8:30:57Great job.
8:31:01How to win friends and influence people
8:31:03by Carnegie.
8:31:17[clears throat]
8:31:26It really helps.
8:31:39Two mornings.
8:31:41>> Two mornings from the book How to Win
8:31:44Friends and Influence People by Dale
8:31:47Cariegi.
8:31:49>> Smile.
8:31:51Wife.
8:31:53Home.
8:31:55Breakfast.
8:31:58Say,
8:32:00tell.
8:32:02Happy.
8:32:04Angry.
8:32:06Kind
8:32:09station.
8:32:12A small thing
8:32:15changed one man's home in two months.
8:32:33The man was William Steinhard.
8:32:38He worked at the stock market in New
8:32:42York.
8:33:10Did a small thing
8:33:13change his home?
8:33:25Yes,
8:33:28a small thing changed one man's home
8:33:33in two months.
8:33:36Did he work at the stock market or at a
8:33:40school?
8:33:49He worked at the stock market in New
8:33:53York.
8:33:55Who was the man?
8:34:05The man was
8:34:07William Steinhart.
8:34:11>> Well done. Here
8:34:16is the first morning. It was the same
8:34:20for 18 years.
8:34:35[gasps] He got up.
8:34:38He did not smile.
8:34:50Awesome. Wait, let's go.
8:34:54>> Did he smile on the first morning?
8:35:07No,
8:35:08he got up. He did not smile.
8:35:14Was it the same for 18 years or 18 days?
8:35:27It was the same
8:35:30for 18 years.
8:35:33What did he not do in the morning?
8:35:43He did not smile.
8:35:51>> He ate breakfast with his wife.
8:35:55He did not say much.
8:36:05He went to work.
8:36:09He did not smile at anyone.
8:36:29>> Did he say much at breakfast?
8:36:42No,
8:36:44he ate breakfast with his wife.
8:36:47He did not say much.
8:36:51Did he smile at everyone at work or at
8:36:56no one?
8:37:03He did not smile at anyone.
8:37:09Who did he eat breakfast with?
8:37:18He ate breakfast
8:37:20with his wife
8:37:27at work. He did not say kind things
8:37:31about people.
8:37:41Then he joined a class.
8:37:46The teacher was Dale Carnegie.
8:38:09Did he say kind things
8:38:13about people at work?
8:38:25No.
8:38:27At work, he did not say kind things
8:38:31about people.
8:38:34Did he join a class
8:38:38or a club?
8:38:44He joined a class.
8:38:49Who was the teacher?
8:38:59The teacher was
8:39:02Dale Carnegie.
8:39:06>> Congratulations. Let's keep going. His
8:39:10homework was simple.
8:39:14Smile at people every day for a week.
8:39:34>> [laughter]
8:39:34>> A smile
8:39:37that is too small, you say.
8:39:41What can it change?
8:40:02>> Was his homework simple?
8:40:14Yes,
8:40:16his homework was simple.
8:40:21Was the homework to smile for a week or
8:40:26a year.
8:40:37His homework was to smile at people
8:40:42every day for a week.
8:40:47What do you say about a smile?
8:40:58Huh? That is too small. You say
8:41:08He decided to try it just for one week.
8:41:20Here is the second morning.
8:41:24He looked in the mirror.
8:41:35He told himself to smile
8:41:39and to start right now.
8:41:58Did he try it for one week?
8:42:11Yes,
8:42:13he decided to try it just for one week.
8:42:20Did he look in the mirror or out of the
8:42:24window?
8:42:31He looked in the mirror.
8:42:35What did he tell himself?
8:42:48He told himself to smile
8:42:52and to start right now.
8:43:02At breakfast, he smiled at his wife.
8:43:08He said, "Good morning.
8:43:23She was very surprised.
8:43:27She did not understand why.
8:43:41He told her
8:43:44this is every morning now.
8:44:05Did his wife
8:44:08understand? Why?
8:44:20No.
8:44:23She was very surprised.
8:44:27She did not understand why.
8:44:31Did he smile at his wife at breakfast
8:44:36or at night?
8:44:44At breakfast, he smiled at his wife.
8:44:49What did he tell her?
8:45:01He told her, "This is every morning now.
8:45:09>> I'm super proud of you."
8:45:13>> He went out.
8:45:16He smiled at the man at the door
8:45:28at the train station.
8:45:31He smiled at the ticket man.
8:45:49Did he smile at the man at the door?
8:46:03Yes.
8:46:05He smiled at the man at the door.
8:46:10Was the ticket man at the station or at
8:46:14the office?
8:46:22The ticket man was at the train station.
8:46:27[clears throat]
8:46:28Where did he smile at the ticket man?
8:46:40at the train station. He smiled at the
8:46:44ticket man.
8:46:51>> At work he smiled at people.
8:46:58Soon they smiled back.
8:47:16When people came with a problem, he
8:47:20listened
8:47:22and smiled.
8:47:34The problems became easier to fix.
8:47:47Now it's your turn. Answer the
8:47:49questions.
8:47:52Did people smile back?
8:48:05Yes.
8:48:07Soon they smiled back.
8:48:12Did the problems become easier or harder
8:48:16to fix?
8:48:26the problems became easier to fix.
8:48:32What did he do when people came with a
8:48:35problem?
8:48:43He listened and smiled.
8:48:50That's great.
8:48:53>> He also stopped saying bad things about
8:48:57people.
8:48:59He said good things more.
8:49:16A young man at his office told him
8:49:20something.
8:49:31>> Did he stop saying bad things?
8:49:46Yes,
8:49:48he stopped saying bad things about
8:49:52people.
8:49:55Did he say good things more or less?
8:50:08He said good things
8:50:11more.
8:50:13Who told him something?
8:50:25A young man at his office told him
8:50:30something.
8:50:38At first he thought Steinhart was a very
8:50:42angry man.
8:50:54Now he did not see an angry man.
8:50:58He saw a kind man who smiled.
8:51:25Did the young man see an angry man now?
8:51:40No.
8:51:42Now he did not see an angry man.
8:51:46He saw a kind man.
8:51:52At first, did he think Steinhart was
8:51:56angry
8:51:58or kind.
8:52:10At first he thought Steinhart was a very
8:52:14angry man.
8:52:17What did he see now?
8:52:28He saw a kind man
8:52:32who smiled.
8:52:36All right, back to the story.
8:52:39>> Two months passed.
8:52:42His home was happier than in the whole
8:52:45year before.
8:52:59same man,
8:53:02same home,
8:53:05same work.
8:53:10A happier life.
8:53:31Let's jump into it.
8:53:34>> Was his home happier after 2 months?
8:53:48Yes,
8:53:51his home was happier than in the whole
8:53:56year before.
8:53:59Was it a different man or the same man?
8:54:12It was the same man with a happier life.
8:54:20How many months passed?
8:54:28Two months passed.
8:54:34And let's continue.
8:54:36A smile is small.
8:54:41You choose it again
8:54:44every day.
8:54:58Try this tomorrow.
8:55:03Smile at home, at work.
8:55:06and at the station.
8:55:23Say good morning in English to three
8:55:26people.
8:55:28Then count the smiles that come back.
8:55:47Final round
8:55:53is a smile
8:55:56Big.
8:56:06No.
8:56:09A smile is small.
8:56:13You choose it again
8:56:16every day.
8:56:19Do you say good morning to three people
8:56:23or 10?
8:56:33Say good morning in English to three
8:56:38people.
8:56:40Where do you smile
8:56:43tomorrow?
8:56:52Smile at home. at work and at the
8:56:57station.
8:57:06The grammar we practice today, past
8:57:09simple, negative. He did not smile.
8:57:15He did not say much.
8:57:19He did not smile at anyone.
8:57:24at work. He did not say kind things
8:57:27about people.
8:57:35Congratulations.
8:57:37You practiced 318
8:57:40words in this story and you learned a
8:57:43lot.
8:58:06Congratulations.
8:58:08Build to last.
8:58:20>> [laughter]
8:58:22>> Jimchee.
8:58:45He is
8:59:00the free medicine. The free medicine
8:59:04from the book Built to Last by Jim
8:59:07Collins and Jerry I Porus.
8:59:11Medicine.
8:59:13People
8:59:15free.
8:59:18River.
8:59:20Skin.
8:59:22Blind.
8:59:24Give
8:59:26child
8:59:28choice.
8:59:30Government.
8:59:33This is a story about a medicine.
8:59:38Nobody paid for it.
8:59:50In parts of Africa, there are small
8:59:54black flies.
8:59:57They live near fast rivers.
9:00:29Did anybody
9:00:32pay for the medicine?
9:00:41No,
9:00:43nobody paid for it.
9:00:47Do the flies live near rivers
9:00:51or in cities?
9:01:00They live near fast rivers.
9:01:05Where are the small black flies
9:01:19in parts of Africa there are small black
9:01:24flies.
9:01:28incoming.
9:01:30>> The flies bite people, even children.
9:01:37They put tiny worms in their bodies.
9:01:57The worms move under the skin.
9:02:01The skin itches all day.
9:02:22Can the flies bite
9:02:25children?
9:02:36Yes,
9:02:38the flies bite people, even children.
9:02:44>> [clears throat]
9:02:45>> Do the worms move under the skin or on
9:02:50the hair?
9:02:58The worms move under the skin.
9:03:05How long does the skin itch?
9:03:15The skin itches all day.
9:03:21Extraordinary. Let's keep it up.
9:03:25>> Then the worms reach the eyes.
9:03:30Many people slowly go blind.
9:03:45People call it river blindness.
9:03:52It hits very poor villages.
9:04:15Can many people go blind?
9:04:28Yes.
9:04:31Many people slowly go blind.
9:04:37Does it hit rich villages or poor
9:04:41villages?
9:04:50It hits very poor villages.
9:04:55What do people call it? People
9:05:06call it river blindness.
9:05:20company found an answer.
9:05:24The company was Merc.
9:05:43People take it once a year.
9:05:46It can stop the illness.
9:06:06>> Can the midson
9:06:08stop the illness?
9:06:21Yes,
9:06:23it can stop the illness.
9:06:28Do people take it once a year or every
9:06:32day?
9:06:40People take it once a year.
9:06:44Which company found an answer?
9:06:54The company was
9:06:56MC.
9:07:02Let's jump into the
9:07:06Let's keep it up.
9:07:08>> It can save children and adults from
9:07:12going blind.
9:07:22But there was a problem.
9:07:27The sick people had no money. [sighs]
9:07:42Awesome.
9:07:45>> Was there
9:07:47a problem?
9:07:59Yes,
9:08:01there was a problem.
9:08:04The sick people had no money.
9:08:09Can it save only children or adults too?
9:08:25It can save children and adults from
9:08:29going blind.
9:08:32Why was there a problem?
9:08:42The sick people
9:08:44had no money.
9:08:50That's great.
9:08:53>> Merc asked rich governments to buy the
9:08:57medicine for them.
9:09:08No government bought it.
9:09:13Time passed.
9:09:24Every day without the medicine more
9:09:28people lost their sight.
9:09:45Did a government buy the medicine?
9:09:55No.
9:09:58No government bought it.
9:10:01Did Merc ask rich governments
9:10:05or poor villages?
9:10:15Merc asked rich governments to buy the
9:10:19medicine.
9:10:22What happened every day without the
9:10:25medicine?
9:10:36Every day without the medicine
9:10:40[clears throat]
9:10:41more people lost their sight.
9:10:50>> Now imagine you are Roy Velis,
9:10:56the boss of Merc.
9:11:12Your company is a business.
9:11:16It needs money to pay its workers.
9:11:38Are you
9:11:40the boss of Merc in this story?
9:11:54Yes. Imagine
9:12:00you are Roy Vagelos,
9:12:03the boss of Merc.
9:12:06Is your company a business or a school?
9:12:15Your company is a business.
9:12:20What does your company need money for?
9:12:30It needs money to pay its workers.
9:12:37>> Fabulous. Let's keep it up.
9:12:40>> You spent a lot of money to find it.
9:12:44Poor villages can't pay you.
9:12:58What will you do?
9:13:01Stop,
9:13:04wait,
9:13:07or forget it.
9:13:31Can poor villages pay you?
9:13:44>> No.
9:13:46Poor villages can't pay you.
9:13:51Did you spend a little money or a lot?
9:14:03You spend a lot of money to find it.
9:14:08What do you ask
9:14:11yourself?
9:14:22What will you do?
9:14:25Stop,
9:14:28wait,
9:14:32or forget it.
9:14:38>> In 1987,
9:14:41[clears throat] he made his choice.
9:14:52Merc will give the medicine away for
9:14:56free.
9:15:12Did he make his choice?
9:15:25Yes.
9:15:28In 1987,
9:15:30he made his choice.
9:15:35Will Merc sell the medicine
9:15:39or give it away?
9:15:49Merc will give the medicine away for
9:15:53free.
9:15:56When did he make his choice?
9:16:07He made his choice in 1987.
9:16:20The promise was simple.
9:16:23as much as needed. For as long as
9:16:28needed,
9:16:41Merc still keeps that promise today.
9:16:47It never stopped.
9:17:05Does Murk still keep that promise?
9:17:19Yes.
9:17:22Merc still keeps that promise
9:17:26today.
9:17:28Was the promise simple or hard?
9:17:38The promise was simple.
9:17:44What was the promise?
9:17:56as much as needed
9:17:59for as long as needed.
9:18:04>> Congratulations. Let's keep going.
9:18:08>> Every year, the free medicine reaches
9:18:12many millions of people.
9:18:24Some countries now have no river
9:18:27blindness at all.
9:18:40Awesome.
9:18:46Does the free medicine
9:18:48reach many people?
9:19:00Yes.
9:19:03Every year it reaches many millions of
9:19:07people.
9:19:09Do some countries have river blindness
9:19:12now
9:19:14or none?
9:19:25Some countries now have no river
9:19:29blindness
9:19:30at all.
9:19:33How often does the free medicine reach
9:19:37people?
9:19:46Every year the free medicine reaches
9:19:50many millions of people.
9:19:59>> You can read about this choice in Built
9:20:04to Last.
9:20:06Years
9:20:15before,
9:20:16George Murk said this about his company.
9:20:28>> Awesome.
9:20:30Let's go.
9:20:32Can you read about this choice in a
9:20:36book?
9:20:46Yes,
9:20:48you can read about this choice
9:20:52in Built to Last.
9:20:55Did George Murk speak years before
9:21:01or years after?
9:21:12Years before George Murk said this about
9:21:16his company.
9:21:19Who said this about his company?
9:21:30George Murk said this about his company.
9:21:36>> All right, back to the story.
9:21:41>> Medicine is for the people.
9:21:46It is not for the profitable.
9:22:02and he said the prophets follow.
9:22:07His company did well.
9:22:28is medicine
9:22:30for the prophets.
9:22:42No,
9:22:44medicine is for the people.
9:22:50It is not for the profits.
9:22:55Did his company do well
9:22:58or badly?
9:23:05His company did well.
9:23:09What follows?
9:23:17The prophets
9:23:19follow.
9:23:21>> That's amazing.
9:23:24Let's jump into it.
9:23:27>> So, help people first.
9:23:32The rest can come later.
9:23:46Your English can be a free gift like
9:23:50that medicine.
9:24:00So, what can your English give away this
9:24:05week?
9:24:14Final round.
9:24:21>> Can your English be a free gift?
9:24:35Yes,
9:24:38your English can be a free gift
9:24:41like that medicine.
9:24:45Do you help people first
9:24:49or later?
9:24:59Help people first.
9:25:04The rest can come later.
9:25:08What can come
9:25:10later?
9:25:17The rest
9:25:19can come later.
9:25:28The grammar we practice today can can't.
9:25:33It can stop the illness.
9:25:38It can save children and adults from
9:25:40going blind.
9:25:44Poor villages can't pay you.
9:25:49You can read about this choice in Built
9:25:52to Last. Congratulations.
9:26:02You practiced 309 words in this story
9:26:06and you learned a lot.
9:26:10That's amazing. Awesome.
9:26:21Amazing.
9:26:30Start with why.
9:26:41for
9:27:06the
9:27:09bicycle shop.
9:27:11The bicycle shop from the book Start
9:27:14with Why by Simon Synynic.
9:27:18Plane
9:27:21fly
9:27:23shop
9:27:25famous
9:27:27brother
9:27:29test
9:27:31reason
9:27:33newspaper
9:27:36crash
9:27:38beach.
9:27:41Today,
9:27:42planes fly over our heads.
9:27:47Every day,
9:28:01it all starts in a small bicycle shop in
9:28:06Ohio.
9:28:18Awesome.
9:28:28Do planes fly over our heads
9:28:33every day?
9:28:44Yes,
9:28:47today
9:28:48planes fly over our heads
9:28:52every day.
9:28:55Does it start in a big shop
9:28:59or a small bicycle shop?
9:29:11It all starts in a small bicycle shop
9:29:17in Ohio.
9:29:20Where is the bicycle shop?
9:29:31The small bicycle shop is in Ohio.
9:29:47names were Wilbur and Orville Wright.
9:30:07They never went to college. They had no
9:30:11famous friends.
9:30:25speaking.
9:30:29>> Did the brothers have famous friends?
9:30:41No,
9:30:44they had no famous friends.
9:30:48Did two brothers or two friends run the
9:30:53shop?
9:30:58Two brothers ran the shop.
9:31:02What were their names? Their
9:31:14names were Wilbur
9:31:17and Orville Wright.
9:31:27>> The money from their bicycle shop paid
9:31:32for their plane.
9:31:44They believed flying could change the
9:31:47world.
9:31:49That was their reason, their why.
9:32:13speaking skills.
9:32:15>> Did the shop pay for their plane?
9:32:28Yes,
9:32:31the money from their bicycle shop paid
9:32:34for their plane.
9:32:37Could flying change the world
9:32:42or change nothing?
9:32:52They believed flying could change the
9:32:56world.
9:32:58What was their reason
9:33:11flying could change the world?
9:33:15That was their reason, [clears throat]
9:33:18their why.
9:33:23That's great.
9:33:26>> They wanted to learn everything.
9:33:31They read every book about flying.
9:33:47They tested, failed, fixed the plane and
9:33:53tested again.
9:34:09Did they want to learn
9:34:12everything?
9:34:23Yes,
9:34:25they wanted to learn everything.
9:34:30Did they read every book about flying
9:34:34or one book?
9:34:42They read every book about flying.
9:34:48What did they do
9:34:50again and again?
9:35:04They tested,
9:35:06failed,
9:35:08fixed the plane,
9:35:10and tested again.
9:35:15>> Extraordinary. Let's keep it up.
9:35:19They crashed many times,
9:35:24so they took extra parts to every test.
9:35:41Crash.
9:35:43Fix.
9:35:46Try again.
9:35:50Year after year.
9:36:08>> Awesome.
9:36:10Let's go.
9:36:12>> Did they crash many times?
9:36:25Yes,
9:36:28they crashed
9:36:30many times.
9:36:33Did they take extra parts or extra food
9:36:38to every test?
9:36:48They took extra parts to every test.
9:36:55How long did they try
9:36:58again?
9:37:09They tried again.
9:37:12year after year.
9:37:21>> Now think for a moment. Another man
9:37:25wanted to fly first.
9:37:38His name was Samuel Langley.
9:37:43He was a famous scientist.
9:38:05Did another man want to fly first?
9:38:20Yes,
9:38:22another man wanted to fly first.
9:38:28Was Samuel Langley a famous scientist
9:38:34or a shopman?
9:38:41He was a famous scientist.
9:38:45What did Langley want to do?
9:38:55He wanted to fly
9:38:59first.
9:39:02>> That's amazing.
9:39:05He had an important job in Washington.
9:39:09The government gave him $50,000.
9:39:28He had famous friends, the best workers
9:39:33and tools.
9:39:52Did the government give him money?
9:40:06Yes.
9:40:08The government gave him $50,000.
9:40:15Did he have an important job in
9:40:18Washington
9:40:20or Ohio?
9:40:30He had an important job
9:40:33in Washington.
9:40:36What did he
9:40:39have?
9:40:50He had famous friends,
9:40:54the best workers
9:40:57and tools.
9:41:02>> Well done.
9:41:06Newspaper writers followed him
9:41:08everywhere.
9:41:10Everyone wanted to see his plane.
9:41:26In late 1903,
9:41:29he tested his plane two times.
9:41:43Great.
9:41:47>> Did everyone want to see his plane?
9:42:00Yes.
9:42:03Everyone wanted to see his plane.
9:42:08Did newspaper writers follow him or the
9:42:12brothers?
9:42:21Newspaper writers followed him
9:42:25everywhere.
9:42:27How many times did he test his plane
9:42:42in late 1903?
9:42:45[clears throat] He tested his plane two
9:42:49times.
9:42:57Both times it fell into the river.
9:43:04Newspapers love.
9:43:06[laughter]
9:43:209 days later.
9:43:23It was 17th December.
9:43:34On a cold, windy beach, the brothers
9:43:39flew.
9:43:53Did the newspapers laugh at Langley?
9:44:07Yes.
9:44:09Newspapers
9:44:11laughed at him.
9:44:14Did his plane fall into the river
9:44:18or onto the beach?
9:44:27Both times
9:44:29it fell into the river.
9:44:32Where did the brothers fly?
9:44:44On a cold, windy beach,
9:44:49the brothers flew.
9:45:01But it changed the world.
9:45:16The bicycle men from Ohio were the first
9:45:20to fly.
9:45:31Now it's your turn. Answer the
9:45:34questions.
9:45:36Was the flight very long?
9:45:48No,
9:45:50it was a very short flight
9:45:54over the beach.
9:45:57Were the bicycle men first
9:46:01or second to fly?
9:46:13The bicycle men from Ohio
9:46:17were the first to fly.
9:46:21>> What did the short flight change?
9:46:31>> It changed
9:46:33the world.
9:46:43And Langley,
9:46:46he had a choice.
9:46:49Learn from them and try again.
9:47:05He did not
9:47:08He stopped his work on planes.
9:47:13He never tried again.
9:47:33Awesome.
9:47:39Did Langley try again?
9:47:52No,
9:47:54he did not.
9:47:58He never tried again.
9:48:02Did he learn from them?
9:48:05or stop his work.
9:48:17[sighs]
9:48:17He stopped his work
9:48:20on planes.
9:48:23What choice did he have?
9:48:36He had a choice. Learn from them and try
9:48:42again.
9:48:45>> All right, back to the story.
9:48:48>> Maybe he only wanted to be first and
9:48:52famous.
9:48:54The brothers wanted to fly.
9:49:09money helps.
9:49:12Friends help.
9:49:16A strong reason keeps you going.
9:49:41Did the brothers want to fly?
9:49:53Yes,
9:49:55the brothers wanted to fly.
9:49:59Did Langley maybe want to be famous
9:50:04or to fly?
9:50:15Maybe he only wanted to be first and
9:50:19famous.
9:50:22What keeps you going?
9:50:32>> A strong reason keeps you going.
9:50:44This story comes from Simon Syninek's
9:50:47book, Start with Why.
9:51:00Look up at the next plane.
9:51:03It started in that shop.
9:51:21Does this story come
9:51:25from a book?
9:51:37Yes,
9:51:39this story comes from Simon Synynx book
9:51:45start with why.
9:51:48Did the next plane start in that shop
9:51:53or in Washington?
9:52:02It started in that shop.
9:52:07What do you look up at?
9:52:18Look up
9:52:20at the next plane.
9:52:25>> Congratulations
9:52:30So don't ask
9:52:32do I have enough money and help.
9:52:44Ask
9:52:46why do I want to learn English?
9:52:52Then write your answer down.
9:53:16Let's jump into it.
9:53:18Do you ask about money first?
9:53:32No,
9:53:34don't ask. Do I have enough money and
9:53:38help?
9:53:40Do you ask about money
9:53:44or about why
9:53:56ask
9:54:00why do I want to learn English?
9:54:05What do you do
9:54:07after you ask?
9:54:16Then write your answer down.
9:54:28The grammar we practice today want to
9:54:33plus verb. They wanted to learn
9:54:36everything.
9:54:40Another man wanted to fly first.
9:54:45Everyone wanted to see his plane.
9:54:50Maybe he only wanted to be first and
9:54:53famous.
9:55:01Congratulations.
9:55:02You practiced 309 words in this story
9:55:06and you learned a lot.
9:55:28It's all working.
9:56:00Alhamdulillah.
9:56:05Foreign
9:56:22speech. Foreign speech. Foreign speech.
9:56:58I
9:57:09for
9:57:37give me rest to feed. Awesome.
9:58:03Delivering happiness.
9:58:06Guess
9:58:08you know
9:58:16online.com
9:58:33for
9:59:02speaking Right.
9:59:06>> The button boy from the book delivering
9:59:09happiness by Tony Sheay.
9:59:13Button
9:59:15make
9:59:17work
9:59:19round.
9:59:21magazine,
9:59:24project,
9:59:26photo,
9:59:28teach,
9:59:30kid,
9:59:32dollar,
9:59:35a big online shoe shop
9:59:39called Zapos.
9:59:43Many people love it.
10:00:00In 2009,
10:00:03Amazon bought it.
10:00:07The price was over $1 billion.
10:00:41Do many people love Zapos?
10:00:51Yes,
10:00:54many people love it.
10:00:57Was the price $1 billion
10:01:02or $1 million?
10:01:13The [gasps] price was over $1 billion.
10:01:20What did Amazon
10:01:23buy?
10:01:34Amazon bought Zapos,
10:01:37a big online shoe shop.
10:01:51was a man named Tony Sheay.
10:02:04His business story does not start with
10:02:08shoes.
10:02:10It starts with buttons.
10:02:27Awesome. Wait. Let's go.
10:02:30>> Does his story start
10:02:33with shoes?
10:02:43No,
10:02:45it does not start with shoes.
10:02:50Does it start with buttons
10:02:53or with books?
10:03:01It starts
10:03:03with buttons. [clears throat]
10:03:07Who was the boss of Zapos?
10:03:19The boss of Zapos was
10:03:23Tony Shay.
10:03:30Let's jump into
10:03:34Let's keep it up.
10:03:36These buttons are small and round.
10:03:42You wear them on your shirt.
10:03:55Tony was in middle school then about 12
10:03:59years old.
10:04:14Are the buttons
10:04:16round?
10:04:27Yes,
10:04:29these buttons are small and round.
10:04:36Do you wear them on your shirt
10:04:39or on your shoes?
10:04:47You wear them on your shirt.
10:04:52How old was Tony then?
10:05:02Tony was about
10:05:0412 years old.
10:05:08>> All right, back to the story.
10:05:12>> He read a magazine for boys.
10:05:17In it, he saw an ad.
10:05:32The ad sold a small machine for making
10:05:36round buttons. [clears throat]
10:05:53speaking.
10:05:55Did he read a magazine
10:05:58for boys?
10:06:09Yes,
10:06:11he read a magazine
10:06:14for boys.
10:06:17Did the ad sell a machine
10:06:21or a book?
10:06:32The ad sold a small machine for making
10:06:37round buttons.
10:06:40What did he see in the magazine?
10:06:49He saw an ad.
10:06:57He got the money from his parents and
10:07:00bought it.
10:07:08Then he put his own ad in the same
10:07:13magazine.
10:07:24Now it's your turn. Answer the
10:07:27questions.
10:07:29Did he get the money
10:07:32from his parents?
10:07:46Yes,
10:07:48he got the money from his parents.
10:07:54Did he put his ad in the same magazine
10:07:59or a new one?
10:08:10He put his own ad in the same magazine.
10:08:17[clears throat]
10:08:18What did he buy?
10:08:29He bought the small machine
10:08:32for making buttons.
10:08:39>> That's great.
10:08:42>> Kids could send him a photo and a little
10:08:46money.
10:08:54He made a photo button and sent it back.
10:09:10Let's jump into it.
10:09:12>> Could kids send him a photo?
10:09:26Yes,
10:09:28kids could send him a photo
10:09:32and a little money.
10:09:37Did he make a photo button
10:09:40or a photo book?
10:09:51He made a photo button and sent it back.
10:09:58What did kids send him?
10:10:10Kids sent him a PTO
10:10:14and a little money.
10:10:22>> At first, a few letters came.
10:10:27Kids loved the photo buttons.
10:10:42Soon he got about 10 orders a day.
10:10:55Awesome.
10:11:01Did kids love the photo [snorts]
10:11:05buttons?
10:11:15Yes,
10:11:17kids loved the photo buttons.
10:11:23Did he get 10 orders a day?
10:11:28or a week.
10:11:38He got about 10 orders a day.
10:11:44How many letters came at first?
10:11:55At first,
10:11:57a few letters came.
10:12:01>> Fabulous. Let's keep it up.
10:12:04>> Every day after school, he made buttons
10:12:09at home.
10:12:12He liked the work.
10:12:28He made about $200 a month.
10:12:34That was a lot for a boy.
10:12:55Did Tony
10:12:58like the work?
10:13:07Yes,
10:13:09he liked the work.
10:13:14Did he make buttons at home or at
10:13:17school?
10:13:26He made buttons at home after school.
10:13:33How much did he make a month?
10:13:47He made about $200
10:13:51a month.
10:13:57Now you may say
10:14:01buttons.
10:14:03I like big companies, not small buttons.
10:14:24Yes, it was small,
10:14:30but small work can teach big lessons.
10:14:56Can small work teach lessons?
10:15:10Yes,
10:15:13small work can teach big lessons.
10:15:19Was the work big or small?
10:15:27It was small.
10:15:30What may you say?
10:15:42You may say I like big companies,
10:15:47not small buttons.
10:15:57>> Think about what this small project
10:16:00taught a young boy.
10:16:12How to find people who want to buy.
10:16:18How to make things well.
10:16:41Did this small project teach a young
10:16:45boy?
10:16:55Yes.
10:16:57This small project taught a young boy.
10:17:04Did he learn to make things well
10:17:08or fast?
10:17:16He learned how to make things.
10:17:20Well,
10:17:22who did he need to find?
10:17:35He needed to find people
10:17:39who want to buy.
10:17:48>> How to count costs.
10:17:53How to keep a promise to a customer.
10:18:09How to do the same work well
10:18:14day after day.
10:18:34Did he learn to keep a promise to a
10:18:38customer?
10:18:49Yes,
10:18:51he learned how to keep a promise
10:18:54to a customer.
10:18:57Did he do the work once
10:19:01or day after day?
10:19:13He did the same work. Well, day after
10:19:19day,
10:19:21what did he learn to count?
10:19:33He learned how to count
10:19:36costs.
10:19:45>> Those buttons taught him real business.
10:19:57You do not need a big company to start
10:20:00learning.
10:20:15Do you need a big company to start
10:20:18learning?
10:20:29No,
10:20:31you do not need a big company to start
10:20:36learning.
10:20:38Did the buttons teach him business or
10:20:42cooking?
10:20:46Those
10:20:53buttons taught him real business.
10:20:58What taught him
10:21:01real business?
10:21:07Those
10:21:12buttons taught him real business.
10:21:23>> Your English can have a small project
10:21:26too,
10:21:29like his buttons.
10:21:43Do you love a topic?
10:21:47Write one short English post every week.
10:22:11Can your English have a small project?
10:22:26Yes,
10:22:28your English can have a small project
10:22:32too.
10:22:34Do you write one post every week or
10:22:39every year?
10:22:50You write one short English post
10:22:55every week.
10:22:58What do you write about?
10:23:09I write about a topic I love.
10:23:17And let's continue.
10:23:19Years later, he wrote it all down in
10:23:24delivering happiness.
10:23:37A billion dollar boss started with a
10:23:42small round button.
10:23:47What is your button?
10:24:07Final round.
10:24:12Did he write it all down?
10:24:16in delivering happiness.
10:24:29Yes.
10:24:32Years later,
10:24:34he wrote it all down in delivering
10:24:39happiness.
10:24:42Did he start with a round button
10:24:46or a big shop?
10:24:56He started with a small round button.
10:25:02Who started with a small round button?
10:25:17A billion dollar boss started with a
10:25:22small round button.
10:25:31The grammar we practice today like love.
10:25:36Many people love it.
10:25:40Kids loved the photo buttons.
10:25:45He liked the work.
10:25:49I like big companies, not small buttons.
10:26:00Congratulations.
10:26:02You practiced 305 words in this story
10:26:06and you learned a lot.
10:26:40This is amazing.
10:26:44How to stop worrying and start living.
10:26:48Allah
10:27:08[laughter]
10:27:17spilled
10:27:18Spilled milk from the book How to Stop
10:27:22Worrying and Start Living by Dale
10:27:25Cariegi.
10:27:27Milk.
10:27:29Teacher.
10:27:31Student.
10:27:33Worry.
10:27:35Forget.
10:27:37Bring
10:27:40glass.
10:27:42Cry.
10:27:44Careful.
10:27:46Peace.
10:27:49Picture a glass bottle of milk
10:27:54on a teacher's desk.
10:28:06It was right at the edge of the desk.
10:28:11Everyone could see it.
10:28:36Is the bottle of milk on a teacher's
10:28:40desk?
10:28:52Yes.
10:28:54A glass bottle of milk
10:28:58is on a teacher's desk.
10:29:02Was it at the edge
10:29:05or in the middle of the desk?
10:29:16It was right at the edge of the desk.
10:29:23Who could see it?
10:29:30Everyone could see it.
10:29:37>> One of the students
10:29:40was a boy named Alan Saunders.
10:29:52Years later, he told Dale Carnegie about
10:29:56that class.
10:30:11>> Was Alan Saunders
10:30:14one of the students?
10:30:23Yes,
10:30:25he was one of the students.
10:30:29[sighs] Did he tell Dale Carnegie
10:30:34or his mother?
10:30:45He told Dale Carnegie
10:30:49about that class.
10:30:53When did he tell Dale Carnegie
10:31:06years later he told Dale Carnegie about
10:31:11that class?
10:31:16That's great.
10:31:19He was only a teenager,
10:31:23but he was already a big warrior.
10:31:38Allan worried all the time.
10:31:43He worried about his mistakes.
10:32:07Did Alan worry all the time?
10:32:20Yes,
10:32:22Alan worried all the time.
10:32:27[clears throat]
10:32:27Was he a big worrier
10:32:31or a happy boy?
10:32:39He was a big warrior.
10:32:43What did he worry about?
10:32:52He worried about his mistakes.
10:32:58>> Fabulous. Let's keep it up.
10:33:02>> After every test, he lay awake at night.
10:33:08Did I pass?
10:33:20He thought about his words again and
10:33:23again.
10:33:26Why did I say that?
10:33:40>> Awesome. Wait, let's go.
10:33:44>> Did he lie awake at night after a test?
10:33:58Yes.
10:34:01After every test, he lay awake at night.
10:34:07Did he think about his words
10:34:10or his food?
10:34:21He thought about his words again and
10:34:25again.
10:34:28What did he ask after every test?
10:34:40He asked,
10:34:43"Did I pass?" [sighs]
10:34:51>> That morning, the students sat down.
10:34:56They looked at the milk.
10:35:10Why was it there?
10:35:14This was a health class, not a food
10:35:18class.
10:35:22Awesome.
10:35:37Did the students
10:35:40look at the milk?
10:35:51Yes.
10:35:54The students looked at the milk.
10:35:59Was it a health class or a food class?
10:36:14It was a health class, not a food class.
10:36:20What did the students do that morning?
10:36:32The students sat down and looked at the
10:36:37milk.
10:36:40That's amazing.
10:36:43>> Suddenly the teacher Mr. Brandwine stood
10:36:49up.
10:36:59He pushed the bottle into the sink.
10:37:03Crash.
10:37:14The glass broke into pieces.
10:37:19The milk ran down the drain.
10:37:44Did the teacher push the bottle into the
10:37:48sink?
10:37:59Yes,
10:38:01he pushed the bottle into the sink.
10:38:07Did the glass break or stay in one
10:38:12piece?
10:38:20The glass broke into pieces.
10:38:26Where did the milk go?
10:38:35The milk ran down the drain.
10:38:47Then he shouted,
10:38:50"Don't cry over spilled milk."
10:39:05He called the students to the sink.
10:39:10"Take a good look," he said.
10:39:25He wanted them to remember this all
10:39:28their lives.
10:39:44Did the teacher shout,
10:39:47"Don't cry over spilled milk."
10:40:01Yes,
10:40:03he shouted, "Don't cry over spilled
10:40:09milk.
10:40:11Did he say
10:40:13take a good look
10:40:16or go home?
10:40:25He said, "Take a good look."
10:40:31Where did he call the students?
10:40:42He called the students
10:40:45to the sink.
10:40:53>> The milk was gone.
10:40:59Nothing in the world could bring it
10:41:03back.
10:41:18being careful first
10:41:22can save the milk. He said
10:41:40>> could anything bring the milk back?
10:41:54No,
10:41:57nothing in the world could bring it
10:42:00back.
10:42:03Can being careful or being fast
10:42:08save the milk?
10:42:17Being careful first can save the milk.
10:42:22What can
10:42:24save the milk?
10:42:34Being careful first can save the milk.
10:42:41>> I'm super proud of you.
10:42:46Now it was too late.
10:42:50All they could do was move on.
10:43:07Years [sighs] later, Allan forgot much
10:43:11of his schoolwork.
10:43:24Let's jump into it.
10:43:26>> Was it
10:43:28too late?
10:43:38Yes.
10:43:41Now it was too late.
10:43:45Did Allan forget his schoolwork
10:43:49or the milk?
10:43:57Helen forgot much of his schoolwork.
10:44:02What could they do?
10:44:11All they could do was move on.
10:44:21>> He never forgot
10:44:24the pieces of broken glass.
10:44:38It stayed with him longer than his Latin
10:44:43or math.
10:44:56Did he forget the pieces
10:45:00of broken glass?
10:45:12[sighs] No,
10:45:16he never forgot the pieces of broken
10:45:20glass.
10:45:22Did it stay longer than his mouth or
10:45:26shorter?
10:45:36It stayed with him longer than his Latin
10:45:41or math.
10:45:43What did he never forget?
10:45:57He never forgot
10:46:00the pieces of broken glass.
10:46:10>> It taught him two things.
10:46:14First, be careful.
10:46:18Do not spill the milk.
10:46:38Second,
10:46:39when it is spilled,
10:46:42let it go.
10:46:57speaking.
10:47:00>> Should you be careful first?
10:47:13Yes.
10:47:15First, be careful.
10:47:20Do not spill the milk.
10:47:24When milk is spilled,
10:47:27do you cry
10:47:29or let it go?
10:47:37When it is spilled,
10:47:40let it go.
10:47:43How many things did it teach him?
10:47:53It taught him two things.
10:48:02>> The teacher was right about the milk.
10:48:12A mistake that is done
10:48:15is spilled milk.
10:48:31Was the teacher right about the milk?
10:48:45Yes,
10:48:47the teacher was right about the milk.
10:48:53Is a done mistake spilled milk or new
10:48:58milk?
10:49:06A mistake that is done is spilled milk.
10:49:13Who was right about the milk?
10:49:23The teacher was right about the milk.
10:49:33Crying over it will not bring back one
10:49:38drop.
10:49:49Learn from it. Then move to your next
10:49:54action.
10:50:06Awesome.
10:50:09Will crying
10:50:11bring back one drop?
10:50:23No.
10:50:26Crying over it will not bring back one
10:50:31drop.
10:50:33Do you cry over it
10:50:36or learn from it,
10:50:48learn from it, then move to your next
10:50:53action.
10:50:55What do you do
10:50:58after you learn from it?
10:51:07Move to your next action.
10:51:12>> All right.
10:51:18>> Did you make a mistake in English today?
10:51:24A wrong word.
10:51:28A bad test.
10:51:46Do not worry.
10:51:49That milk is gone.
10:51:52The next sentence is still [snorts]
10:51:56yours.
10:52:13Final round.
10:52:19Did you make a mistake in English today?
10:52:35[gasps]
10:52:36Yes,
10:52:38I made a mistake in English
10:52:41[clears throat]
10:52:42today.
10:52:44Should you worry
10:52:47or say your next sentence?
10:53:00Do not worry.
10:53:04The next sentence is still yours.
10:53:10What is still yours?
10:53:22The next sentence
10:53:24is still
10:53:27yours.
10:53:35The grammar we practice today,
10:53:38imperatives.
10:53:39Picture a glass bottle of milk on a
10:53:42teacher's desk.
10:53:46Then he shouted, "Don't cry over spilled
10:53:49milk."
10:53:52"Take a good look," he said.
10:53:56"First, be careful."
10:54:05Congratulations.
10:54:07You practiced 309 words in this story
10:54:11and you learned a lot.
10:54:16>> Congratulations.
10:54:45Awesome.
10:54:48First things first.
10:54:52First things first.
10:55:08First things first.
10:55:21Okay.
10:55:34The big rocks.
10:55:36>> The big rocks from the book First Things
10:55:40First by Steven R. CVY A. Roger Medal
10:55:45and Rebecca R. Merrill.
10:55:48Jar.
10:55:50Rock.
10:55:52Full.
10:55:54Put
10:55:56space.
10:55:58Water.
10:56:00Fill.
10:56:02Fit.
10:56:04Simple.
10:56:06Matter.
10:56:09A big glass jar stood on a table.
10:56:16It was empty.
10:56:31It was a class about time.
10:56:37A teacher stood next to the jar.
10:56:44Was
10:57:06the jar
10:57:09on a table?
10:57:20Yes.
10:57:22A big glass jar
10:57:26stood on a table.
10:57:30Was the jar full
10:57:34or empty?
10:57:40It was
10:57:42empty.
10:57:45Where did the teacher stand?
10:57:55A teacher stood
10:57:58next to the jar.
10:58:09Next to it were some rocks.
10:58:12Each was as big as a hand.
10:58:26He put the rocks in the jar one by one.
10:58:43Now it's your turn. Answer the
10:58:46questions.
10:58:48>> Were the rocks
10:58:51next to the jar?
10:59:02Yes.
10:59:04Next to it were some rocks.
10:59:10Did he put the rocks in the jar or on
10:59:15the floor?
10:59:26He put the rocks in the jar
10:59:30one by one.
10:59:35How big was each rock?
10:59:46Each was as big as a hand.
10:59:53>> Fabulous. Let's keep it up.
10:59:57>> Soon, no more rocks could go in.
11:00:02Then he asked his question.
11:00:18>> [clears throat]
11:00:18>> Is this jar full?
11:00:25Everyone looked.
11:00:29Yes, they said. It is fall.
11:00:54Did they say the jar was full?
11:01:08Yes,
11:01:11they said it is full.
11:01:16Could more rocks go in or no more rocks?
11:01:30No more rocks could go in.
11:01:36What did the teacher
11:01:39ask?
11:01:49He asked,
11:01:51"Is this jar full?
11:01:58Listen.
11:02:00>> The teacher smiled.
11:02:04Under the table was a bucket of small
11:02:09stones.
11:02:25He poured them in.
11:02:28and shook the jar a little.
11:02:47Was a bucket under the table.
11:03:00Yes.
11:03:03Under the table was a bucket of small
11:03:07stones.
11:03:10Did he shake the jar or break it?
11:03:22He shook the jar a little.
11:03:28What did he pour in?
11:03:39He poured in small stones.
11:03:45Awesome.
11:03:51The small stones went into the spaces
11:03:55between the rocks.
11:04:06Is the jar full now?
11:04:13Maybe not. The class said,
11:04:32>> let's jump into it.
11:04:36>> Did the stones go between the rocks?
11:04:50Yes,
11:04:53the small stones went into the spaces
11:04:59between the rocks.
11:05:04Did the class say yes
11:05:08or maybe not?
11:05:16Maybe not. The class said,
11:05:21"Where did the small stones go?
11:05:33They went into the spaces
11:05:37between the rocks.
11:05:43That's great.
11:05:47Good.
11:05:51Next, he poured sand on top.
11:05:57The sand filled the smaller spaces.
11:06:17Then he poured some water into the jar,
11:06:21too.
11:06:38Did he pour water into the jar?
11:06:52Yes,
11:06:54he poured some water into the jar, too.
11:07:00Did he pour sand on top or under the
11:07:05jar?
11:07:13He poured sand on top.
11:07:18What did the sand fill?
11:07:29The sand filled the smaller spaces.
11:07:42>> Now the jar was really full.
11:07:47Nothing more could go in.
11:08:02What is the point?
11:08:07One man in the class had a simple
11:08:10answer.
11:08:31Was the jar really full now?
11:08:44Yes.
11:08:46Now the jar was really full.
11:08:51Was the man's answer simple or long?
11:09:05One man in the class had a simple
11:09:09answer.
11:09:12Who had an answer?
11:09:22One man in the class had a simple
11:09:26answer.
11:09:33>> He said, "There are always spaces.
11:09:38You can always fit more in.
11:09:54The teacher said no.
11:10:00That was not the lesson.
11:10:20Did the man say you can always fit more
11:10:25in?
11:10:35Yes.
11:10:38He said you can always fit more in.
11:10:44Did the teacher say yes or no?
11:10:56The teacher said
11:10:59no.
11:11:01What did the man say about spaces?
11:11:13He said there are always
11:11:17spaces.
11:11:25The lesson was this.
11:11:29Put the big rocks in first.
11:11:46If you do not,
11:11:48they will never fit.
11:12:06Do you put the big rocks in first?
11:12:21Yes.
11:12:23Put the big rocks in first.
11:12:28Will the rocks fit later
11:12:32or never?
11:12:42If you do not put them in first, they
11:12:46will never fit.
11:12:49What was the lesson?
11:13:01Put the big rocks in first.
11:13:12>> Steven Cavy put this jar in first things
11:13:17first.
11:13:29The rocks are what matters most in your
11:13:33life.
11:13:47speaking skills.
11:13:49Did Steven CVY put this jar in first
11:13:55things first?
11:14:06Yes.
11:14:08Steven CVY put this jar in first things
11:14:14first.
11:14:16Are the rocks what matters most
11:14:20or the sand?
11:14:31The rocks are what matters most in your
11:14:35life.
11:14:37What are the rocks?
11:14:48The rocks are what matters most in your
11:14:52life.
11:14:59The stones, sand, and water are the
11:15:04small things.
11:15:15messages,
11:15:18small jobs,
11:15:22things that seem to need you now.
11:15:28They do not matter much.
11:15:50Let's jump into it.
11:15:53Do messages
11:15:55matter much.
11:16:08No,
11:16:10they do not matter much.
11:16:15Are the stones, sand, and water big
11:16:19things
11:16:21or small things?
11:16:32The stones, sand, and water are the
11:16:36small things.
11:16:39What are the small things?
11:16:53messages,
11:16:54small jobs,
11:16:57things that seem to need you now.
11:17:07Chicken ass.
11:17:10[sighs and gasps]
11:17:10>> Most days we fill our jar with small
11:17:14things first.
11:17:26At night
11:17:28there is no space for the big rocks.
11:17:46at night.
11:17:47Is there space for the big rocks?
11:18:01No.
11:18:04At night
11:18:06there is no space for the big rocks.
11:18:11Do we fill our jar with small things or
11:18:17big rocks first?
11:18:29Most days we fill our jar with small
11:18:33things first.
11:18:36What do we fill our jar
11:18:40with?
11:18:49We fill our jar with small things first.
11:18:57>> All right, back to the story.
11:19:00>> So, make a simple plan for tomorrow.
11:19:10Before you open your phone,
11:19:14choose one big rock.
11:19:30Great.
11:19:34Is the plan simple?
11:19:46Yes.
11:19:49Make a simple plan for tomorrow.
11:19:54Do you choose a big rock before
11:19:59or after your phone?
11:20:12Before you open your phone,
11:20:15choose one big rock.
11:20:20When is the plan for?
11:20:29The plan is for
11:20:32tomorrow.
11:20:42>> Maybe it is 30 minutes of English.
11:20:48Do it first.
11:21:02Then let the sand fill the rest of your
11:21:06day.
11:21:15Final round.
11:21:20Do you do your big rock
11:21:24first?
11:21:32Yes.
11:21:35Do it first.
11:21:38Is your big rock English
11:21:42or messages?
11:21:52Maybe it is 30 minutes of English.
11:21:58What can fill the rest of your day?
11:22:10The sand can fill the rest of your day.
11:22:22The grammar we practice today.
11:22:25Prepositions of place. A big glass jar
11:22:30stood on a table.
11:22:33A teacher stood next to the jar.
11:22:38Next to it were some rocks.
11:22:42He put the rocks in the jar one by one.
11:22:52Congratulations.
11:22:54You practiced 296 words in this story
11:22:58and you learned a lot.
11:23:33It's going to be a lot different.
11:23:38The obstacle is the way.
11:23:44Oh my god.
11:23:55Obstacles.
11:24:04for
11:24:08us.
11:24:39That's an amazing concept.
11:24:44The little house. The Little House from
11:24:49the book The Obstacle is the Way by Ryan
11:24:52Holiday.
11:24:54Family.
11:24:56Farm.
11:24:59Land.
11:25:01Winter.
11:25:03Storm.
11:25:06Snow.
11:25:08Story.
11:25:10Sky.
11:25:12Dark.
11:25:14Hot.
11:25:17In 1869,
11:25:20little Laura sits in a wagon.
11:25:33The wagon moves across the wide flat
11:25:38land of Kansas.
11:25:43Her
11:25:52father wants a farm.
11:25:56The family wants a new home.
11:26:26Does little Laura sit in a wagon
11:26:31in 1869?
11:26:44Yes.
11:26:46In 1869,
11:26:49little Laura sits in a wagon.
11:26:54Is the land of Kansas flat
11:26:59or high?
11:27:10The land of Kansas is wide
11:27:14and flat.
11:27:17What does her father want?
11:27:28Her father wants a farm.
11:27:38The land is hard.
11:27:41Life is hard.
11:27:45The family keeps going.
11:28:04Years pass.
11:28:07Now the family lives in Minnesota
11:28:11by a small river.
11:28:26>> Awesome. Wait. Let's go.
11:28:31>> Is the land
11:28:33hard?
11:28:43Yes,
11:28:46the land is hard.
11:28:50Does the family live by a river or by
11:28:55the sea?
11:29:06The family lives in Minnesota
11:29:10by a small river.
11:29:14What does the family
11:29:17do?
11:29:24The family keeps going.
11:29:29Well done.
11:29:33>> The wheat is tall and green.
11:29:37It is almost ready.
11:29:48Then the sky goes dark.
11:29:53It is a cloud
11:29:56of locust.
11:30:18Does the sky go dark?
11:30:30Yes,
11:30:32the sky goes dark.
11:30:37Is it a cloud of rain
11:30:40or a cloud of locusts?
11:30:50It is a cloud of locusts.
11:30:55What color is the wheat?
11:31:05The wheat is tall
11:31:08and green.
11:31:12>> That's amazing.
11:31:15So many insects come down.
11:31:20They eat everything.
11:31:35Her father walks far away to work on
11:31:39other farms.
11:31:49The family has almost nothing.
11:31:53They work and they wait.
11:32:08Now it's your turn. Answer the
11:32:11questions.
11:32:13>> Do the insects eat everything?
11:32:25Yes,
11:32:27they eat everything.
11:32:31Does her father work on other farms
11:32:36or in a shop?
11:32:38Her
11:32:48father walks far away to work on other
11:32:53farms.
11:32:56What does the family
11:32:58have?
11:33:09The family has
11:33:12almost nothing.
11:33:16>> I'm super proud of you.
11:33:21>> In 1880,
11:33:23the family lives in a small Dakota town.
11:33:37In the winter, the snow does not stop.
11:33:44Storm after storm comes.
11:34:08In the winter
11:34:10does storm after storm come?
11:34:25Yes.
11:34:27In the winter, storm after storm comes.
11:34:35Does the snow come in the winter or in
11:34:39the summer?
11:34:48In the winter, the snow does not stop.
11:34:54Where does the family live in 1880?
11:35:09In 1880,
11:35:12the family lives in a small Dakota town.
11:35:24The trains cannot come. The town has
11:35:28very little food.
11:35:40There is no wood.
11:35:43So they burn twisted dry grass.
11:36:00On dark days, teenage Laura twists grass
11:36:06with her father.
11:36:22On dark days
11:36:25does Laura twist grass.
11:36:38Yes.
11:36:41On dark days, teenage Laura twists grass
11:36:47with her father.
11:36:50Do they burn wood or grass?
11:37:02They burn twisted
11:37:05dry
11:37:07grass.
11:37:09What does the town have? [snorts]
11:37:19The town has very little food.
11:37:29>> In spring, the snow stops.
11:37:35The train comes.
11:37:40The family lives.
11:37:58Later
11:38:00she has her own family
11:38:03and her own farm.
11:38:17>> Great.
11:38:21In spring
11:38:23does the snow stop.
11:38:35Yes,
11:38:37in spring the snow stops.
11:38:44Does she have her own farm or no farm?
11:38:59Later she has her own family and her own
11:39:04farm.
11:39:07What comes [clears throat]
11:39:09in spring
11:39:19in spring
11:39:21the train comes.
11:39:30Hard years come again.
11:39:36In hot summers, the sky gives no rain.
11:39:57a fire
11:40:01sickness.
11:40:04They move again
11:40:07even to hot Florida.
11:40:30In hot summers, does the sky give rain?
11:40:44No.
11:40:47In hot summers, the sky gives no rain.
11:40:54Do they move to hot Florida
11:40:59or cold Dakota?
11:41:10They move again even to hot Florida.
11:41:17What comes
11:41:19again?
11:41:26Hard years come again.
11:41:36>> For years the goal is the same.
11:41:43A farm,
11:41:45a home,
11:41:48food.
11:42:05Around 1930,
11:42:08she is in her 60s.
11:42:12She has a new goal.
11:42:32Let's jump into it.
11:42:34>> Is she in her 60s around 1930?
11:42:49Yes,
11:42:51around 1930
11:42:54she is in her 60s.
11:42:58Is the goal a farm or a castle?
11:43:13The goal is a farm, a home,
11:43:18food.
11:43:21What does she have around 1930?
11:43:32She has a new goal.
11:43:37All right, back to the story.
11:43:40She sits down
11:43:42and writes about those hard years,
11:43:56the wagon,
11:43:59the locusts,
11:44:03the [snorts] long winter,
11:44:08the small houses.
11:44:31Does she write
11:44:34about the long winter?
11:44:45Yes,
11:44:48she writes about the long winter.
11:44:54Does she write about easy years
11:44:58or hard years?
11:45:07She writes about those hard years.
11:45:13What does she do?
11:45:25She sits down
11:45:27and writes about those hard years.
11:45:36In 1932,
11:45:40her first Little House book comes out.
11:45:47She is 65.
11:46:05Ryan Holiday writes about her.
11:46:10His book is The Obstacle is the Way.
11:46:33speaking.
11:46:36>> Does her first book come out in 1932?
11:46:52Yes.
11:46:54In 1932,
11:46:57her first Little House book comes out.
11:47:03Is she 25
11:47:06or 65?
11:47:15She is 65.
11:47:20Who writes about her?
11:47:30Ryan Holiday writes [clears throat]
11:47:33about her.
11:47:39Let's jump into
11:47:43Let's keep it up.
11:47:46He says she saw each hard place
11:47:51as an adventure.
11:48:04I think this is the useful part.
11:48:08Her hard years were not wasted.
11:48:30speaking skills.
11:48:33>> Were her hard years
11:48:37wasted?
11:48:46No,
11:48:48her hard years were not wasted.
11:48:53Did she see each hard place as an
11:48:58adventure
11:49:00or a prison?
11:49:10She saw each hard place as an adventure.
11:49:17What is the useful part?
11:49:27Her hard years were not wasted.
11:49:33>> Congratulations
11:49:38They became her best stories.
11:49:45Your hard years
11:49:48can become stories too.
11:50:07Now picture your own hardest year
11:50:12with English.
11:50:23What story could that [clears throat]
11:50:26hard year become
11:50:29one day?
11:50:40Final round.
11:50:46Can your hard years
11:50:49become stories, too?
11:51:01Yes.
11:51:05Your hard years
11:51:08can become stories, too.
11:51:12Did her hard years become her best
11:51:16stories
11:51:18or her worst?
11:51:26They became her best stories.
11:51:32What story could your hardest year
11:51:36become?
11:51:47My hardest year with English
11:51:51could become a story one day.
11:52:02The grammar we practice today,
11:52:05prepositions of time. In 1869, little
11:52:09Laura sits in a wagon.
11:52:13In 1880, the family lives in a small
11:52:16Dakota town.
11:52:19In the winter, the snow does not stop.
11:52:24On dark days, teenage Laura twists grass
11:52:29with her father.
11:52:33Congratulations.
11:52:39You practiced 317 words in this story
11:52:43and you learned a lot.
11:53:11Great job.
11:53:28Uh let me introduce myself. My name is
11:53:30Muhammad Ahmed Abdman Alid. Officially
11:53:34my job is producer media.
11:53:37Uh when I start uh taught English
11:53:40language uh start from uh A1 and Richard
11:53:46to B2.
11:53:49foreignal.
11:54:20You can
11:54:47fetter for
11:55:17[snorts] foreign.
11:55:39Mhm.
11:55:43for
11:56:13I
11:56:20Are youch
11:56:53Uh,
11:57:22No.
11:57:26No.
11:57:31No.
11:57:45Hello.
11:57:58A1 A2. Okay.
11:58:13for
11:58:42uh
11:58:49Mhm.
11:59:16Hello.
11:59:25for
11:59:34English.
11:59:40Amen.
11:59:53Sloop
12:00:02the key.
12:00:15Who does
12:00:19foreign.
12:01:18Uh Uh
12:01:48for
12:01:54feed.
12:02:21Alhamdulillah.
12:02:31Alhamdulillah. No.
12:02:43foreign.
12:03:05foreign.
12:03:33Okay. for
12:03:58group speakers.
12:04:03foreign
12:04:38The key
12:04:41course
12:04:59foreign.
12:05:22foreign.
12:05:44Mhm.
12:05:50foreign.
12:06:21Who does.
12:06:25Amen.
12:06:39forch.
12:07:24Mhm.
12:07:35Muhamad.
12:08:14Okay.
12:08:19forch.
12:08:49foreign.
12:08:52Mhm.
12:09:10Hello.
12:09:36Mhm.
12:09:54foreign.
12:10:24More.
12:10:50Mhm.
12:10:52for
12:11:23Mhm. Teeth beatch.
12:12:01Okay.
12:12:21Alhamdulillah.
12:12:23Uh,
12:12:38alhamdulillah.
12:12:55Mhm.
12:13:08J. Hello.
12:13:29Mhm.
12:13:37foreign
12:14:06speech. play him.
12:14:18Mhm.
12:14:32B1. Mhm.
12:14:36B2
12:14:46foreign.
12:15:12You are
12:15:14Fatherchech.
12:16:01Alhamdulillah. Alhamdulillah.
12:16:15>> [clears throat]
12:16:35>> Okay.
12:16:38fordul.
12:17:02Alhamdulillah.
12:17:05foreign
12:17:08[groaning]
12:17:31speech.
12:17:35forch.
12:18:05forch.
12:18:50Mhm.
12:19:21Awesome.
12:19:55WhatsApp.
12:20:25Fluent in three months.
12:20:57It's a very nice book.
12:21:00Six months in Spain.
12:21:03Six months in Spain. From the book
12:21:05[clears throat]
12:21:06Fluent in Three Months by Benny Lewis.
12:21:10Speak.
12:21:13Mistake.
12:21:15Language.
12:21:17Live.
12:21:19Month.
12:21:21Afraid.
12:21:24True.
12:21:26Nice.
12:21:28Bathroom.
12:21:30Believe.
12:21:34Many people believe one thing.
12:21:39live in a country and you learn its
12:21:43language.
12:21:59Just be there and the language comes to
12:22:04you.
12:22:26Do many people believe one thing.
12:22:41Yes.
12:22:44Many people believe one thing.
12:22:50Do you live in a country or visit it?
12:23:04live in a country and you learn its
12:23:10language.
12:23:12What comes to you?
12:23:20The language comes to you.
12:23:30It is a nice idea.
12:23:34People love it because it sounds easy.
12:23:50Is it true?
12:23:54I think the real story is more useful.
12:24:19Is it a nice idea
12:24:29Yes,
12:24:31it is a nice idea.
12:24:34Does it sound easy or hard?
12:24:44It sounds easy.
12:24:47Why do people love it? People
12:24:59love it because it sounds easy.
12:25:09>> In 2003,
12:25:11a young Irish man moved to Spain.
12:25:16He was 21.
12:25:19His
12:25:32name was Benny Lewis.
12:25:37He wanted to speak Spanish.
12:26:01Did Benny want to speak Spanish?
12:26:13Yes,
12:26:15he wanted to speak Spanish.
12:26:20Was he 21
12:26:23or 41?
12:26:30He was [clears throat]
12:26:3221.
12:26:34Where did he move in 2003?
12:26:48In 2003,
12:26:51he moved to Spain.
12:26:56>> I'm super proud of you.
12:27:01He lived in the city of the Lencia.
12:27:05Spanish was all around him.
12:27:20He went to Spanish classes.
12:27:23They were not cheap.
12:27:41Did he live in Valencia?
12:27:53Yes,
12:27:55he lived in the city of Valencia.
12:28:00Were his classes cheap
12:28:04or not cheap?
12:28:11They were not cheap.
12:28:15What was all around him?
12:28:24Spanish was all around him.
12:28:34>> He studied every day. He learned many
12:28:38new words.
12:28:49Six months passed.
12:28:53Could he speak Spanish?
12:28:57No.
12:29:13Could
12:29:17he speak Spanish
12:29:20after six months?
12:29:33No.
12:29:35After six months, he could not speak
12:29:40Spanish.
12:29:42Did he study every day
12:29:46or every month? [snorts]
12:29:54He studied
12:29:57every day.
12:30:00What did he
12:30:02learn?
12:30:11He learned many new words
12:30:24>> in a shop. He could not even ask the
12:30:28price.
12:30:37He could not ask where the bathroom was.
12:30:50Why?
12:30:53He was afraid of mistakes.
12:30:58So he did not speak.
12:31:21Was he afraid
12:31:24of mistakes?
12:31:35Yes,
12:31:38he was afraid
12:31:40of mistakes.
12:31:44Could he ask where the bathroom was
12:31:49or not?
12:32:00>> [sighs and gasps]
12:32:01>> He could not ask where the bathroom was.
12:32:07What could he not ask
12:32:10in a shop
12:32:20in a shop?
12:32:23He could not even ask the price.
12:32:27[clears throat]
12:32:29>> Fabulous. Let's keep it up.
12:32:32>> And English was easy.
12:32:36So with friends [laughter] he spoke
12:32:39English.
12:32:51He lived in Spain,
12:32:53but he lived in English.
12:33:08Now it's your turn. Answer the
12:33:10questions.
12:33:13>> Did he live in Spain
12:33:16but live in English?
12:33:28Yes,
12:33:30he lived in Spain,
12:33:33but he lived in English
12:33:38with friends. Did he speak English or
12:33:43Spanish?
12:33:50with friends.
12:33:52He spoke English.
12:33:56Why did he speak English?
12:34:08English was easy,
12:34:11so he spoke English.
12:34:14Awesome.
12:34:20So, do not believe this nice idea.
12:34:27Being there is not enough.
12:34:45At a gathering,
12:34:47he [laughter] met a man with many
12:34:49languages.
12:34:54Awesome.
12:35:02Let's go.
12:35:04Is this nice idea
12:35:09to
12:35:19No,
12:35:22being there is not enough.
12:35:26Should you believe this idea
12:35:30or not?
12:35:39Do not believe this nice idea.
12:35:46Who did he meet at a gathering?
12:35:57He met a man
12:35:59with many languages.
12:36:06The man's secret was simple.
12:36:11He was not afraid of mistakes.
12:36:28Benny made a new rule for himself.
12:36:33No more English.
12:36:53Was the man afraid of mistakes?
12:37:06No,
12:37:09he was not afraid of mistakes.
12:37:13Was the secret simple
12:37:16or hard?
12:37:25The man's secret
12:37:28was simple.
12:37:30What was Benny's new rule?
12:37:42His new rule was no more English.
12:37:49That's amazing.
12:37:53>> He spoke Spanish with everyone,
12:37:58even when it was bad.
12:38:10He made many mistakes every day
12:38:15and he kept speaking.
12:38:29Every mistake
12:38:31taught him something new.
12:38:44speaking skills.
12:38:47>> Did he make mistakes
12:38:50and keep speaking?
12:39:02Yes.
12:39:04He made many mistakes every day and he
12:39:09kept speaking.
12:39:12Did he speak Spanish with everyone
12:39:17or with no one?
12:39:25He spoke Spanish with everyone.
12:39:30What did every mistake teach him?
12:39:42Every mistake
12:39:44taught him something new.
12:39:49>> Congratulations. Let's keep going.
12:39:53>> His Spanish grew fast.
12:39:57Months later, the bathroom question was
12:40:01easy.
12:40:16Later he learned many more languages
12:40:20the same way.
12:40:23His
12:40:30book, Fluent in Three Months, tells this
12:40:34story.
12:40:45Awesome.
12:40:51months later.
12:40:55Was the bathroom question easy?
12:41:08[laughter]
12:41:09Yes.
12:41:11Months later, the bathroom question was
12:41:16easy.
12:41:18Did his Spanish grow fast
12:41:21or slowly?
12:41:30His Spanish grew fast.
12:41:35What book tells this story?
12:41:43His
12:41:49book fluent in three months
12:41:54tells this story.
12:42:01>> Here is what is true.
12:42:04Speaking is how you learn to speak.
12:42:20Being near a language is not using it.
12:42:40Is speaking how you learn to speak.
12:42:54Yes.
12:42:56Speaking is how you learn to speak.
12:43:01is being near a language
12:43:05using it or not.
12:43:16Being near a language is not using it.
12:43:22What is true
12:43:33Speaking is how you learn to speak.
12:43:46>> Maybe you study English, but in class
12:43:50you speak Arabic.
12:44:03Try one small test this week.
12:44:08One hour English only.
12:44:13No Arabic.
12:44:31speak,
12:44:33make mistakes,
12:44:36and see what happens to your English.
12:44:55Final round.
12:45:01>> Is there Arabic in the test?
12:45:15No.
12:45:171 hour English only.
12:45:23No Arabic.
12:45:26In class, do you speak English or
12:45:30Arabic?
12:45:41Maybe you study English,
12:45:45but in class you speak Arabic.
12:45:50What do you do in the test?
12:46:03Speak. make mistakes
12:46:07and see what happens to your English.
12:46:18The grammar we practice today and but or
12:46:23live in a country and you learn its
12:46:25language.
12:46:28Just be there and the language comes to
12:46:31you.
12:46:34He lived in Spain, but he lived in
12:46:37English.
12:46:40He made many mistakes every day and he
12:46:43kept speaking.
12:46:51Congratulations,
12:46:53you practiced 304 words in this story
12:46:57and you learned a lot.
12:47:01>> Awesome.
12:47:17The snowball
12:47:25warren
12:47:41like snowball.
12:47:49Oh my god.
12:47:51Warren Buffett.
12:48:12Paid in cash.
12:48:14>> Paid in cash from the book The Snowball
12:48:18by Alice Schroeder.
12:48:21Fear
12:48:23course
12:48:25wall
12:48:27pay
12:48:29cash
12:48:32university
12:48:34come
12:48:36public
12:48:38degree
12:48:40important.
12:48:43Look at this office wall.
12:48:48There is no university degree on it.
12:49:05There is a paper
12:49:08from a short speaking course.
12:49:14Awesome.
12:49:25Talk to us more. Okay, let's go.
12:49:29>> Is there a university degree
12:49:33on the wall?
12:49:44No,
12:49:48there is no university degree on it.
12:49:54Is the paper from a university
12:49:59or from a short course?
12:50:11The paper is from a short speaking
12:50:15course.
12:50:17What is on the office wall?
12:50:28There is a paper from a short speaking
12:50:32course.
12:50:40This is the office of Warren Buffett.
12:50:45He is a very famous investor.
12:51:03Why is this paper so important to him?
12:51:09The answer starts
12:51:12with fear.
12:51:32Is this the office of Warren Buffett?
12:51:48Yes,
12:51:50this is the office of Warren Buffett.
12:51:55Is he a famous investor
12:51:59or a famous teacher?
12:52:08He is a very famous
12:52:11investor.
12:52:13What does the answer
12:52:16start with?
12:52:25The answer starts with
12:52:29fear.
12:52:32Fabulous. Let's keep it up.
12:52:35>> As a young man, Warren had a big fear.
12:52:49He was afraid to speak in front of
12:52:53people.
12:53:01He did everything he could to not speak
12:53:05in public.
12:53:21Did young Warren have a big fear?
12:53:35Yes.
12:53:38As a young man,
12:53:40Warren had a big fear.
12:53:45Was he afraid to speak
12:53:49or afraid to read?
12:53:59He was afraid to speak in front of
12:54:03people.
12:54:05Where did he try
12:54:07not to speak?
12:54:18He did everything he could to not speak
12:54:22in public.
12:54:29One day he saw a course for public
12:54:33speaking.
12:54:35He signed up.
12:54:49He stopped his payment.
12:54:53He did not go because the fear came
12:54:57back.
12:55:20Did he sign up for a course for public
12:55:24speaking?
12:55:35Yes.
12:55:37He saw a course for public speaking and
12:55:42he signed up.
12:55:45Did he go
12:55:47or did he stop his payment?
12:55:58He stopped his payment
12:56:01and he did not go.
12:56:04Why did he not go?
12:56:16He did not go
12:56:18because the fear came back.
12:56:25That's great.
12:56:29>> You may think
12:56:31some people are shy.
12:56:35That is fine.
12:56:47But Warren knew something.
12:56:51He needed to speak because he sold
12:56:56stocks.
12:57:15Are some people
12:57:18shy?
12:57:28Yes,
12:57:31some people are shy.
12:57:34That is fine.
12:57:38Did Wallan sell stocks
12:57:42or sell cars?
12:57:50Warren sold stocks.
12:57:54Why did he need to speak?
12:58:06He needed to speak because he sold
12:58:10stocks.
12:58:15His
12:58:19city was Omaha.
12:58:23He had to talk to many people there.
12:58:40So he found the course again.
12:58:44This time he had a plan.
12:58:59Awesome.
12:59:05Was his city
12:59:07Omaha?
12:59:17Yes,
12:59:18his city was Omaha.
12:59:22Did he talk to many people
12:59:26or to no people?
12:59:36He had to talk to many people there.
12:59:42What did he have this time?
12:59:52This time he had a plan.
13:00:02He paid $100
13:00:10and he paid in cash.
13:00:28Why cash?
13:00:32Because cash does not come back.
13:00:40He had to go.
13:01:03Did he pay
13:01:05in cash?
13:01:17Yes,
13:01:19he paid $100
13:01:25and he paid in cash.
13:01:30Did he pay $10
13:01:34or $100?
13:01:46He paid $100.
13:01:52Why did he pay
13:01:55in cash?
13:02:06Because cash does not come back.
13:02:12He had to go.
13:02:20>> Now there was only one way
13:02:24forward.
13:02:33He went because the money was gone.
13:02:40The room was full of scared people.
13:03:02is speaking.
13:03:05>> Was there only one way now?
13:03:20Yes.
13:03:22Now there was only one way
13:03:26forward.
13:03:29Was the room full of happy people
13:03:34or scared people?
13:03:43The room was full of
13:03:46scared people.
13:03:50Why did he go?
13:04:02He went
13:04:04because the money was gone.
13:04:14Every week they stood up and spoke.
13:04:20Every week it got easier.
13:04:38At the end of the course,
13:04:41Warren got his paper.
13:04:56How
13:05:01did it get harder every week?
13:05:12No.
13:05:14Every week it got easier.
13:05:19Did they sit or did they stand up and
13:05:24speak?
13:05:32Every week they stood up and spoke.
13:05:38What did Warren get at the end of the
13:05:42course?
13:05:51At the end of the course, Warren got his
13:05:56paper.
13:06:01Let's jump into
13:06:06Let's keep it up.
13:06:08>> Soon he did something bigger.
13:06:12He started to teach night classes.
13:06:29He feared speaking.
13:06:34Now he taught a class.
13:06:39Years
13:06:49later he became very rich
13:06:53and very famous.
13:07:06Great.
13:07:10Did he start to teach
13:07:14night classes?
13:07:25Yes.
13:07:27He started to teach night classes.
13:07:33Did he fear speaking
13:07:37or did he love speaking?
13:07:50He feared speaking.
13:07:55Now he taught a class.
13:08:00What did he become
13:08:03years later?
13:08:14Years later, he became very rich and
13:08:19very famous.
13:08:23>> Well done.
13:08:27He has two university degrees.
13:08:31They are not on his wall.
13:08:46He says that small course
13:08:50is his most important degree.
13:09:11Are his university degrees
13:09:15on his wall?
13:09:25No,
13:09:27they are not on his wall.
13:09:32Does he have two degrees
13:09:36or three degrees?
13:09:44He has two university degrees.
13:09:49What is his most important degree?
13:10:03He says that small course is his most
13:10:09important degree.
13:10:13>> I'm super proud of you.
13:10:18You can read this in the snowball by
13:10:22Alice Schroeder.
13:10:31He paid first
13:10:34because then fear could not stop him.
13:10:50What do you fear in English?
13:10:56Speaking maybe.
13:11:11thought.
13:11:13>> Can you read this in the snowball?
13:11:27Yes,
13:11:30you can read this in the snowball
13:11:34by Alice Schroeder.
13:11:38Did he pay first
13:11:40or pay last?
13:11:47He paid first.
13:11:51Why did he pay first?
13:12:04He paid first because then fear could
13:12:10not stop him.
13:12:13>> That's amazing.
13:12:16Let's jump into
13:12:18pay for the class today
13:12:23before fear can say no.
13:12:38One day
13:12:40your paper can be on your wall too.
13:13:01Let's jump into it.
13:13:03Can your paper be on your wall one day?
13:13:18Yes.
13:13:21One day your paper can be on your wall,
13:13:25too.
13:13:28Do you wait
13:13:31or do you pay for the class today?
13:13:44Pay for the class today
13:13:47before fear can say no.
13:13:52What can say no?
13:14:01Fear can say no.
13:14:12The grammar we practice today because he
13:14:16did not go because the fear came back.
13:14:22He needed to speak because he sold
13:14:25stocks
13:14:28because cash does not come back.
13:14:33He went because the money was gone.
13:14:43Congratulations.
13:14:45You practiced 38 words in this story and
13:14:49you learned a lot.
13:14:53That's amazing. Awesome.
13:15:11Amazing.
13:15:13Purple cow.
13:15:25What?
13:15:40The Purple Cow.
13:15:43The Purple Cow from the book Purple Cow
13:15:47by Seth Goden.
13:15:50Cow.
13:15:52Brown.
13:15:54Green
13:15:56field.
13:15:58Beautiful.
13:16:00C.
13:16:02Answer.
13:16:04Safe.
13:16:07I
13:16:09window.
13:16:12Look at this.
13:16:15A green field.
13:16:20A brown cow.
13:16:23Beautiful, right?
13:16:41>> [sighs and gasps]
13:16:41>> Now look at a second cow
13:16:45and a third
13:16:47and a hund more.
13:17:15Is there
13:17:17a green field?
13:17:30Yes.
13:17:33Look at this.
13:17:35A green field
13:17:39and a brown cow.
13:17:43Is the cow brown
13:17:48or purple?
13:17:55It is a brown cow.
13:18:01How many more cows do you look at?
13:18:14You look at a second cow, a third, and a
13:18:19hundred more. Here
13:18:29is a small puzzle.
13:18:32When do you stop looking?
13:18:40Years
13:18:46ago, Seth Goden drove through France.
13:18:51His family was with him.
13:19:09Let's jump into it.
13:19:11Is there
13:19:13a small puzzle?
13:19:25Yes.
13:19:27Here is a small
13:19:30puzzle.
13:19:32Did Seth Goden drive through France
13:19:38or Spain?
13:19:45He drove through France.
13:19:49Who was with him?
13:19:55His
13:19:58family was with him.
13:20:03>> Congratulations. Let's keep going.
13:20:07>> Next to the road were green fields.
13:20:12Hundreds of cows ate grass there.
13:20:30At first, everyone in the car loved
13:20:33them. [laughter] They were so pretty.
13:20:53Were there green fields
13:20:57next to the road?
13:21:08Yes.
13:21:10Next to the road were green fields.
13:21:16Did the cows eat grass
13:21:21or sleep?
13:21:30Hundreds of cows ate grass there.
13:21:36What did everyone in the car love at
13:21:41first?
13:21:52At first, everyone in the car loved the
13:21:57cows.
13:22:05>> They looked out of the windows. They
13:22:08said how beautiful the cows were.
13:22:21Kilometer after kilometer
13:22:25they watched the cows
13:22:42Did they look out of the windows?
13:22:54Yes.
13:22:56They looked out of the windows.
13:23:01Were the cows beautiful
13:23:04or ugly?
13:23:14They said the cows were
13:23:18beautiful.
13:23:21What did they watch? Kilometer after
13:23:26kilometer.
13:23:33They watched
13:23:35the cows.
13:23:39>> Fabulous. Let's keep it up.
13:23:43>> Then something happened. Can you guess
13:23:47what it was?
13:23:59After about 20 minutes,
13:24:02nobody looked at the cows anymore.
13:24:22Did something
13:24:25happen?
13:24:33Yes,
13:24:35something happened.
13:24:39Did they stop after 20 minutes
13:24:43or 2 hours?
13:24:56>> [sighs and gasps]
13:24:56>> After about 20 minutes,
13:25:00nobody looked at the cows.
13:25:04Who looked at the cows after 20 minutes?
13:25:17Nobody looked at the cows
13:25:21anymore.
13:25:29The cows did not change at all.
13:25:34They were still beautiful.
13:25:47So what changed?
13:25:52The easy answer is that the family got
13:25:56tired.
13:26:18Did the cows
13:26:20change?
13:26:31No,
13:26:33the cows did not change at all.
13:26:39Were the cows still beautiful
13:26:43or ugly now?
13:26:51They were still beautiful.
13:26:56What is the easy answer?
13:27:09The easy answer is
13:27:13that the family
13:27:15got tired.
13:27:22>> He saw something
13:27:25more useful.
13:27:30The new cows were just like the old
13:27:34cows.
13:27:52When everything looks the same,
13:27:56our eyes stop seeing it.
13:28:18Were the new cows
13:28:21like the old cows?
13:28:33Yes,
13:28:37the new cows were just like
13:28:42the old cows.
13:28:46Did he see something useful
13:28:50or something funny?
13:28:58He saw something more useful.
13:29:04What do our eyes do when everything
13:29:09looks the same?
13:29:17Our eyes stop seeing it.
13:29:27something amazing becomes normal.
13:29:33Then it becomes boring.
13:29:49Now imagine one more cow in the field.
13:29:54A purple cow
13:30:11is speaking.
13:30:14Does something amazing become normal?
13:30:27Yes.
13:30:30Something amazing becomes normal.
13:30:36Then it becomes boring.
13:30:40Is the new cow brown
13:30:43or purple?
13:30:52It is a purple cow.
13:30:56Where is the purple cow?
13:31:08The purple cow is in the field.
13:31:14>> Extraordinary. Let's keep it up.
13:31:18Would the family look?
13:31:22Yes.
13:31:24Every eye would go to the window.
13:31:41He has a word for this
13:31:45remarkable.
13:31:49It means worth talking about.
13:32:10Great.
13:32:14>> Would the family look at a purple cow?
13:32:27Yes.
13:32:29Every eye would go to the window.
13:32:33Is his word for this remarkable
13:32:38or beautiful?
13:32:48His word for this is
13:32:52remarkable.
13:32:55What does remarkable
13:32:57mean?
13:33:06It means
13:33:08worth talking about.
13:33:16>> Many businesses are brown cows.
13:33:22They are good, safe, and easy to forget.
13:33:28His
13:33:41message is simple.
13:33:45If you are not remarkable,
13:33:49you are invisible.
13:34:12Are many businesses
13:34:15brown cows?
13:34:27Yes,
13:34:29many businesses
13:34:32are brown cows.
13:34:36Are brown cows safe
13:34:39or exciting?
13:34:49They are good,
13:34:52safe,
13:34:53and easy to forget.
13:34:57What is his simple message?
13:35:02[sighs and gasps]
13:35:11If you are not remarkable,
13:35:15you are invisible.
13:35:23>> Now look at your English.
13:35:28Many students give the same answers.
13:35:44In a speaking test, they say the same
13:35:49safe sentences.
13:36:02Now it's your turn. Answer the
13:36:05questions.
13:36:08>> Do many students give the same answers?
13:36:22Yes.
13:36:24Many students give the same answers.
13:36:30Do they say safe sentences
13:36:34or new sentences?
13:36:45They say the same safe sentences.
13:36:52Where do they say safe sentences?
13:37:06In a speaking test, they say the same
13:37:11safe sentences.
13:37:17>> That's great.
13:37:21>> The teacher hears them all day long.
13:37:27They are brown cows.
13:37:44Brown is fine, [clears throat]
13:37:48but brown is easy to forget.
13:38:05Let's jump into it.
13:38:07>> Does the teacher hear them all day long?
13:38:21Yes,
13:38:23the teacher hears them all day long.
13:38:30Are they brown cows
13:38:33or purple cows?
13:38:41They are brown cows.
13:38:46What is the problem with brown?
13:38:56Brown is easy to forget.
13:39:05>> One real story from your life.
13:39:12One clear example,
13:39:16one true opinion.
13:39:36Any one of these can be your own
13:39:41purple cow.
13:39:54Awesome.
13:40:00Can one real story
13:40:04be your purple cow?
13:40:16Yes,
13:40:18it can be your own purple cow.
13:40:24Is it a true opinion
13:40:27or a safe opinion?
13:40:37It is one true opinion.
13:40:42What can be your own purple cow?
13:40:56One real story from your life can be
13:41:01your own purple cow.
13:41:09>> And let's continue.
13:41:11Soon you will answer in English again,
13:41:17in class or in a test.
13:41:34Before you speak, ask
13:41:39what will be my purple cow.
13:42:03Let's jump into it.
13:42:05>> Do you ask a question before you speak?
13:42:19Yes.
13:42:22Before you speak, ask
13:42:27what will be my purple cow?
13:42:33Will you answer in English
13:42:37or in Arabic?
13:42:49Soon you will answer in English again.
13:42:55What do you ask before you speak?
13:43:09Ask
13:43:11what will be my
13:43:14purple cow.
13:43:23The grammar we practice today,
13:43:26adjectives before nouns.
13:43:29A green field,
13:43:33a brown cow.
13:43:37Next to the road were green fields.
13:43:43The new cows were just like the old
13:43:45cows.
13:43:53Congratulations.
13:43:55You practiced 311
13:43:58words in this story and you learned a
13:44:01lot.
13:44:21It's all working.
13:44:45How to stop worrying and start living.
13:45:18Good morning, sir. Good morning, sir.
13:45:21From the book, How to Stop Worrying and
13:45:24Start Living by Dale Cariegi.
13:45:28Man,
13:45:30street
13:45:32walk.
13:45:34Poor
13:45:36rich.
13:45:39Sorry.
13:45:40Ground
13:45:43bank
13:45:45lift
13:45:47head.
13:45:50A quiet street in a small American town.
13:45:56It was a spring morning.
13:46:11A man walked slowly down the street.
13:46:17His name was Hadold Abbott.
13:46:23Awesome.
13:46:45Was the street
13:46:47quiet?
13:46:58Yes,
13:47:00it was a quiet street
13:47:03in a small American town.
13:47:08Was it a spring morning
13:47:11or a winter night?
13:47:19It was a spring morning.
13:47:23What was his name?
13:47:35His name was Harold Abbott.
13:47:41>> Congratulations. Let's keep going.
13:47:44Dale Cariegi tells his story.
13:47:50It is in how to stop worrying and start
13:47:55living.
13:48:12His head was down.
13:48:14He looked at the ground.
13:48:18He walked like a beaten man.
13:48:23[sighs and gasps]
13:48:46Was his head
13:48:48down?
13:48:57Yes,
13:49:00his head was down.
13:49:04Did he look at the sky
13:49:07or at the ground?
13:49:17He looked
13:49:19at the ground.
13:49:22How did he walk?
13:49:31He walked like a
13:49:35beaten man.
13:49:41It was 1934.
13:49:47For 2 years he had a small food shop.
13:50:05The Saturday before the shop closed,
13:50:12he lost all his money.
13:50:32Let's jump into it.
13:50:34Was it 1934?
13:50:48Yes,
13:50:50it was 1934.
13:50:56Was it a food shop or a bookshop?
13:51:00[clears throat]
13:51:07He had a small
13:51:09food shop.
13:51:12What happened
13:51:14the Saturday before?
13:51:24The Saturday before the shop closed.
13:51:34He also had big debts to pay.
13:51:44That morning he walked to the bank.
13:51:55He needed money to look for work in
13:51:59another city.
13:52:14How
13:52:18did he walk to the bank that morning?
13:52:32Yes.
13:52:35That morning he walked to the bank.
13:52:41Did he need money
13:52:44or food?
13:52:52He needed money to look for work.
13:52:57Where did he want to look for work?
13:53:10He needed money to look for work
13:53:15in another city.
13:53:23He was sad and tired.
13:53:27[sighs]
13:53:28He felt sorry for himself.
13:53:42Then he saw another man coming down the
13:53:46street.
13:54:01Was he sad and tired?
13:54:15[sighs and gasps] Yes.
13:54:18He was sad and tired.
13:54:23Did he feel sorry for himself
13:54:27or happy?
13:54:34He felt sorry for himself.
13:54:39Who did he see coming down the street?
13:54:52He saw another man coming down the
13:54:56street.
13:55:04This man had no legs.
13:55:09He sat on a small wooden board.
13:55:24The board had little wheels.
13:55:29He pushed the ground with wooden blocks.
13:55:50speaking.
13:55:53>> Did this man
13:55:55have legs?
13:56:06No.
13:56:09This man had no legs.
13:56:13Was the board big or small?
13:56:24He sat on a small wooden board.
13:56:30What did he push with wooden blocks?
13:56:42He purified the ground with wooden
13:56:46blocks.
13:56:53>> Now what do you feel?
13:56:59Maybe you feel sorry for him.
13:57:03Poor
13:57:15man. You think
13:57:19his life is so hard.
13:57:35Do you feel sorry for him?
13:57:48Yes.
13:57:51Maybe you feel sorry for him.
13:57:56Is his life easy
13:57:59[clears throat] or hard?
13:58:09You think his life is so hard?
13:58:15What do you think?
13:58:24Poor man.
13:58:27You think
13:58:33He crossed the street.
13:58:37He lifted himself up to the sidewalk.
13:58:52Then their eyes met.
13:58:56The man gave a big smile.
13:59:00[snorts]
13:59:13Speaking.
13:59:18Did he lift himself up to the sidewalk?
13:59:32Yes.
13:59:34He lifted himself up to the sidewalk.
13:59:40Did the man give a big smile
13:59:43or a sad look?
13:59:52The man gave a big smile.
13:59:57What did he
13:59:59cross?
14:00:06He crossed
14:00:08the street.
14:00:17and he said, "Good morning, sir.
14:00:22It is a fine morning, isn't it?"
14:00:38Harold stood still.
14:00:42He looked at the man.
14:00:58Was it a fine morning?
14:01:12Yes.
14:01:14The man said it was a fine morning.
14:01:20Did Harold walk away
14:01:23or stand still?
14:01:32Harold stood
14:01:35still.
14:01:37What did the man say?
14:01:46He said, "Good morning, sir."
14:01:55>> Now the picture changed.
14:02:00Who was the poor man here?
14:02:14Harold had legs.
14:02:18He could walk.
14:02:21He was rich.
14:02:37Awesome. Wait. Let's go.
14:02:40>> Was Harold rich.
14:02:53Yes,
14:02:55Harold had legs.
14:02:58He was rich.
14:03:02Could Harold walk
14:03:05or could he not walk?
14:03:17Harold had legs.
14:03:21He could walk.
14:03:25What question does the story ask?
14:03:36Who was the poor man here?
14:03:40[clears throat]
14:03:45>> He felt ashamed.
14:03:50This man had no legs
14:03:53and he was happy.
14:04:08He thought
14:04:10if that man can smile,
14:04:13I can too.
14:04:28Now it's your turn. Answer the
14:04:31questions.
14:04:32Was the man with no legs
14:04:37happy?
14:04:47Yes,
14:04:51this man had no legs
14:04:55and he was
14:04:58happy.
14:05:01Did Harold feel proud
14:05:06or ashamed?
14:05:14He felt
14:05:17ashamed.
14:05:20What did Harold
14:05:23think?
14:05:34If that man can smile,
14:05:38I can too.
14:05:47>> He lifted his head.
14:05:51He walked into the bank like a new man.
14:06:08He spoke with a strong voice.
14:06:14Soon he had a job in the new city.
14:06:36Did he lift
14:06:38his head?
14:06:48Yes,
14:06:50he lifted his head.
14:06:55Did he walk into the bank like a new man
14:07:01or a beaten man?
14:07:11He walked into the bank like a new man.
14:07:18What did he have
14:07:21soon?
14:07:30Soon he had a job
14:07:34in the new city. Let's
14:07:41jump into
14:07:45Let's keep it up.
14:07:47>> Two legs made Harold rich.
14:07:51So, first count what you have.
14:08:10Then only then count what you do not
14:08:15have.
14:08:30Did two legs make Harold rich?
14:08:44Yes.
14:08:47Two legs made Harold rich.
14:08:53Do you first count what you have
14:08:59or what you do not have?
14:09:08First count what you have.
14:09:14When do you count
14:09:16what you do not have?
14:09:28Then
14:09:30only then
14:09:32count what you do not have.
14:09:37>> All right.
14:09:42Try this tonight.
14:09:48Write three things you can do in
14:09:52English.
14:10:08Maybe you can say hello.
14:10:14Maybe you can readability
14:10:17this story.
14:10:40Let's jump into it.
14:10:42Can you read
14:10:44this story?
14:10:55Yes.
14:10:58Maybe you can read this story.
14:11:03Do you try this tonight
14:11:07or next year?
14:11:14Try this tonight.
14:11:17What do you write?
14:11:29Write three things you can do in
14:11:33English.
14:11:42The grammar we practice today was were.
14:11:47It was a spring morning.
14:11:51His head was down.
14:11:55He was sad and tired.
14:11:59Who was the poor man here?
14:12:09Congratulations.
14:12:10You practiced 38 words in this story and
14:12:14you learned a lot.
14:12:48This is amazing.
14:13:22Yeah.
14:13:39Alhamdulillah.
14:13:49for
14:14:15Alhamdulillah.
14:14:17Alhamdulillah.
14:14:35Alhamdulillah.
14:15:01speaking skills.
14:15:28and so on.
14:15:46The everything store.
14:15:50Jeff,
14:15:53Amazon,
14:16:06Penny.
14:16:10The knee pads.
14:16:13>> Knee pads from the book The Everything
14:16:16Store by Brad Stone.
14:16:20Person
14:16:22floor.
14:16:24Idea.
14:16:26Boss.
14:16:29Table.
14:16:31Soft.
14:16:33Pack.
14:16:35Knee.
14:16:37late
14:16:39smart.
14:16:42It is late at night in 1995.
14:16:49The floor is hard concrete.
14:17:08There are boxes everywhere.
14:17:14And there are books everywhere.
14:17:23Awesome.
14:17:44Are there boxes
14:17:47everywhere?
14:17:58Yes,
14:18:00there are boxes everywhere.
14:18:05Is it late at night
14:18:08or early in the morning?
14:18:20It is late at night in 1995.
14:18:29What is
14:18:31the floor?
14:18:40The floor is hard
14:18:43concrete.
14:18:48That's great.
14:18:51A few people kneel on the floor.
14:18:56They pack books into boxes.
14:19:13The company is very new.
14:19:17Its website opened a few weeks ago.
14:19:38Do a few people
14:19:41kneel on the floor?
14:19:53Yes.
14:19:55A few people kneel on the floor.
14:20:02Do they pack books
14:20:05or food?
14:20:16They pack books
14:20:19into boxes.
14:20:22When did the website
14:20:25open?
14:20:34Its website opened a few weeks ago.
14:20:41>> Congratulations. Let's keep going.
14:20:44>> Orders come from all over the world.
14:20:50There are too many.
14:21:05One of the packers is the boss.
14:21:09His name is Jeff Bezos.
14:21:27Awesome.
14:21:30>> Are there
14:21:32too many orders?
14:21:44Yes.
14:21:46Orders come from all over the world.
14:21:52There are too many.
14:21:55Is one of the packers the boss
14:22:00or a new worker?
14:22:10One of the packers
14:22:13is the boss.
14:22:16What is the boss's
14:22:18name?
14:22:28His name is
14:22:31Jeff Bezos.
14:22:35>> All right, back to the story.
14:22:38>> It is very late.
14:22:42His back hurts. His
14:22:45[sighs and snorts]
14:22:47knees hurt.
14:23:04He turns to the person next to him.
14:23:09He has an idea.
14:23:27>> [sighs and gasps]
14:23:27>> Is it
14:23:29very late?
14:23:39Yes,
14:23:42it is very
14:23:44late. [clears throat]
14:23:46Do his knees hurt
14:23:49or feel fine?
14:24:00His back [clears throat] hurts.
14:24:03His knees hurt.
14:24:07Who does he turn to?
14:24:18He turns to the person
14:24:21next to him.
14:24:29Picture your own knees on that floor.
14:24:35What would help,
14:24:47a hard floor,
14:24:51painful knees?
14:24:56There are many boxes.
14:25:02What do they need?
14:25:21Now it's your turn. Answer the
14:25:24questions.
14:25:26>> Are there many boxes?
14:25:39Yes,
14:25:41there are many boxes.
14:25:46Is the floor hard
14:25:50or soft?
14:25:56It is a hard floor.
14:26:01What do you picture?
14:26:12Picture your own knees on that floor.
14:26:23Jeff says his answer.
14:26:28We need knee pads.
14:26:44Knee pads are soft covers for your
14:26:48knees.
14:26:56It sounds like a good idea.
14:27:01Soft knees.
14:27:03Same work.
14:27:25Are knee pads
14:27:27soft?
14:27:38Yes.
14:27:39Knee pads are soft covers for your
14:27:43knees.
14:27:46Does Jeff want knee pads
14:27:50or new boxes?
14:28:01Jeff says his answer.
14:28:04We need knee pads.
14:28:08How does the idea
14:28:10sound?
14:28:19It sounds like a good idea.
14:28:29>> Then the person next to him
14:28:33looks at him.
14:28:42This person says they do not need knee
14:28:45pads.
14:28:49They need packing tables.
14:29:11Does the person say
14:29:14they need knee pads?
14:29:26No.
14:29:29This person says they do not need knee
14:29:34pads.
14:29:36Do they need knee pads
14:29:40or packing tables?
14:29:49They need packing tables.
14:29:54Who
14:29:56looks at Jeff?
14:30:05The person next to him
14:30:08looks at him.
14:30:15>> Tables.
14:30:17A smart idea.
14:30:22Then nobody has to work on the floor.
14:30:40Jeff is the boss
14:30:43and a very smart man.
14:31:00Is Jeff
14:31:02a smart man?
14:31:14Yes,
14:31:16Jeff is the boss and a very smart man.
14:31:22Is it a smart idea
14:31:26or a bad idea
14:31:37tables?
14:31:40It is a smart idea.
14:31:45Where does nobody
14:31:47have to work now?
14:31:57Nobody has to work on the floor.
14:32:09>> But there is a better idea.
14:32:12It is the worker's idea.
14:32:26The next day they buy packing tables.
14:32:44Is there a better idea?
14:32:56Yes,
14:32:58there is a better idea.
14:33:03Is it the boss's idea
14:33:07or the worker's idea?
14:33:18It is
14:33:20the worker's idea.
14:33:24What do they buy the next day?
14:33:37The next day they buy packing tables.
14:33:49>> Now there are no knees on the floor.
14:33:53They pack two times faster.
14:34:01Years
14:34:08later,
14:34:09Jeff often shares this story.
14:34:15The knee pad's part is his
14:34:36speaking skills.
14:34:39Are there knees
14:34:41on the floor now?
14:34:53No,
14:34:56now there are no knees on the floor.
14:35:01Do they pack two times faster
14:35:06or slower?
14:35:13They pack two times faster.
14:35:18Whose part of the story is the knee pads
14:35:23part.
14:35:31The knee pads part
14:35:34is his.
14:35:43That small new company
14:35:48was Amazon.
14:35:59The best idea did not come from the
14:36:03boss.
14:36:06And the boss listened.
14:36:31Did the boss listen?
14:36:41Yes,
14:36:43the boss listened.
14:36:46Did the best idea come from the boss
14:36:51or from the worker?
14:37:02The best idea
14:37:05did not come from the boss.
14:37:09What was that small new company?
14:37:22That small new company was Amazon.
14:37:35>> Good answers can come from the person
14:37:38next to you.
14:37:47Now think about your English.
14:37:52Who is next to you,
14:38:03a classmate,
14:38:07a friend with good English.
14:38:26>> Is there a person
14:38:28next [clears throat] to you?
14:38:39Yes,
14:38:42there is a person next to you, a
14:38:45classmate
14:38:46or a friend.
14:38:49Do you think about your English
14:38:53or your work?
14:39:01Now think about your English.
14:39:06Where can good answers come from?
14:39:19Good answers can come from the person
14:39:24next to you.
14:39:27>> All right.
14:39:32They have the same problem.
14:39:37They may have a simple answer.
14:39:51Do not buy knee pads first.
14:39:58Ask the person next to you.
14:40:15Who is the first person you will ask
14:40:20this week?
14:40:36Let's jump into it.
14:40:38>> Do they have
14:40:40the same problem?
14:40:53Yes.
14:40:56They have the same problem.
14:41:01Do you buy knee pads first
14:41:05or do you ask first?
14:41:18Do not buy knee pads first.
14:41:24Ask the person next to you.
14:41:29Who do you ask?
14:41:39Ask the person next to you.
14:41:51The grammar we practiced today. There
14:41:54is, there are, there are boxes
14:41:57everywhere
14:42:01and there are books everywhere.
14:42:06There are too many.
14:42:10There are many boxes.
14:42:19Congratulations.
14:42:21You practiced 305 words in this story
14:42:25and you learned a lot.
14:42:30Congratulations.
14:42:59Awesome.
14:43:02Atomic habit.
14:43:10foreign.
14:43:38Okay.
14:43:58The locked box.
14:44:00>> The locked box from the book Atomic
14:44:04Habits by James Clear.
14:44:08Box.
14:44:10Write
14:44:13clothes.
14:44:15Lock.
14:44:17Warm.
14:44:19Visit.
14:44:22Stay.
14:44:24Strange.
14:44:26Whole
14:44:28impossible.
14:44:31There was a famous writer
14:44:35with a big problem.
14:44:40He did not write.
14:44:58It was 1830
14:45:01in Paris.
14:45:04His
14:45:05name was Victor Hugo.
14:45:38Was there a famous writer
14:45:42with a big problem?
14:45:53Yes,
14:45:57there was a famous writer.
14:46:02He did not write.
14:46:05Was the writer in Paris
14:46:08or in London?
14:46:18It was 1830
14:46:22in Paris.
14:46:25What was the writer's
14:46:28name?
14:46:37His name was
14:46:40Victor Hugo.
14:46:49A year before, he promised his publisher
14:46:54a new book.
14:47:06A publisher is the company that makes
14:47:10and sells books.
14:47:29Did he promise his publisher
14:47:32a new book?
14:47:43Yes,
14:47:46he promised his publisher
14:47:50a new book.
14:47:53Did he promise a book
14:47:56or a letter?
14:48:04He promised a new book.
14:48:09What does a publisher do?
14:48:21A publisher makes
14:48:24and sells books.
14:48:33Then a whole year went by.
14:48:37He did other work instead.
14:48:53He visited friends.
14:48:56There were guests [clears throat] at
14:48:57home. [laughter]
14:49:01The book waited.
14:49:20>> Now it's your turn. Answer the
14:49:22questions.
14:49:24Did a whole year go by?
14:49:38Yes.
14:49:40A whole year went by.
14:49:45Did he visit friends
14:49:49or write the book?
14:50:00He visited friends.
14:50:03The book
14:50:05waited.
14:50:08Who was there at his home?
14:50:16There were guests at home.
14:50:24The publisher was not happy.
14:50:29He gave Hugo a deadline.
14:50:47Hugo had less than six months to finish.
14:51:01Great.
14:51:05Was the publisher
14:51:09happy?
14:51:18No,
14:51:20the publisher was not happy.
14:51:25Did Hugo have six months
14:51:30or six years?
14:51:41Hugo had less than six months to finish.
14:51:49What did the publisher
14:51:51give Hugo?
14:52:01He gave Hugo
14:52:04a deadline.
14:52:08>> Well done.
14:52:16very long book.
14:52:21It looked
14:52:23impossible.
14:52:41What can he do?
14:52:45Many people say
14:52:48work harder.
14:53:13Was the book
14:53:15short?
14:53:26No,
14:53:28it was a very long book.
14:53:34Did it look easy
14:53:38or impossible?
14:53:47It looked
14:53:50impossible.
14:53:53What do many people say?
14:54:04Many people say work harder.
14:54:15>> Some say
14:54:18make a plan.
14:54:21Others say
14:54:24stay away from friends.
14:54:43Hugo did something very strange.
14:54:50He took his clothes
14:55:11Did Hugo do something strange?
14:55:26Yes,
14:55:28Hugo did something very strange.
14:55:34Did he take his clothes
14:55:39or his books?
14:55:47He took his clothes.
14:55:52What do others say?
14:56:03Others say
14:56:05stay away from friends.
14:56:13He put all his clothes in a big box.
14:56:26He asked a helper to lock the big box.
14:56:40speaking.
14:56:46Did he put his clothes
14:56:50in a box?
14:57:02Yes.
14:57:04He put all his clothes
14:57:08in a big box.
14:57:13Was the box big
14:57:17or small?
14:57:25It was [laughter] a big box.
14:57:30What did he ask a helper
14:57:34to do?
14:57:45He asked a helper to lock the big box.
14:57:56He kept only
14:57:59a big shaw
14:58:02to wear at home.
14:58:14A shaw is a big warm cloth for your
14:58:19shoulders.
14:58:31Awesome. Woo. Let's go.
14:58:35>> Was the shaw
14:58:37to wear at home?
14:58:48Yes,
14:58:51he kept a big shawl to wear at home.
14:58:57Did he keep a shaw
14:59:00or a coat?
14:59:10He kept only
14:59:13a big shaw.
14:59:17What
14:59:19is a shaw?
14:59:31A shaw is a big warm cloth for your
14:59:37shoulders.
14:59:40>> I'm super proud of you.
14:59:45Now he could not go out.
14:59:49He could not visit friends.
15:00:03So he stayed at his desk the whole day
15:00:11and he wrote
15:00:28Let's jump into it.
15:00:31>> Could he visit friends now?
15:00:42No,
15:00:45he could not visit friends.
15:00:50Did he stay at his desk
15:00:53or go out?
15:01:04He stayed at his desk the whole day.
15:01:10[clears throat] What did he do at his
15:01:13desk?
15:01:24He stayed at his desk.
15:01:29And he wrote,
15:01:38he wrote in the autumn.
15:01:43He wrote in the winter,
15:01:47warm in his shawl.
15:02:06page after page,
15:02:09day after day. [clears throat]
15:02:13There were no guests now.
15:02:35Were there guests
15:02:39now?
15:02:49No,
15:02:51there were no guests.
15:02:54Now,
15:02:57was he warm or cold in the winter?
15:03:08He was warm in his shore.
15:03:14When did he write?
15:03:25He wrote in the autumn.
15:03:28[clears throat] He wrote in the winter.
15:03:38There was nothing else to do.
15:03:42There was only the book.
15:03:58In January [clears throat]
15:04:001831,
15:04:02the Impossible
15:04:04Book was finished.
15:04:09It was 2 weeks early.
15:04:30is speaking.
15:04:34Was there anything else to do?
15:04:48No.
15:04:50There was nothing else to do.
15:04:56Was the book finished early
15:05:00or late?
15:05:08It was two weeks early.
15:05:13When was the impossible book finished
15:05:28in January 1831,
15:05:32the Impossible Book was finished.
15:05:43The book was The Hunchback of NRAAM.
15:05:50People still read it today.
15:06:08James Clear tells this strange story in
15:06:14Atomic Habits.
15:06:31Do people still read the book today?
15:06:45Yes,
15:06:47people still read it today.
15:06:52Is this story strange
15:06:57or boring?
15:07:07This is a strange story.
15:07:12What was the book?
15:07:25The book was
15:07:27The Hunchback of Notraam.
15:07:35>> That's great.
15:07:39>> Hugo did not try to be strong every day.
15:07:53He closed his way out
15:07:57before the work started.
15:08:15Speaking skills
15:08:18Did Hugo try to be strong
15:08:22every day?
15:08:33No,
15:08:36Hugo did not try to be strong every day.
15:08:42Did he close his way out before
15:08:47or after the work?
15:09:00He closed his way out before the work
15:09:05starts.
15:09:07What did he close?
15:09:18He closed
15:09:20his way out.
15:09:24>> Extraordinary. Let's keep it up.
15:09:28>> You can do this, too.
15:09:32What pulls you away from English?
15:09:48Maybe your phone,
15:09:52maybe the TV,
15:09:56maybe your bed.
15:10:03Awesome.
15:10:20Can you do this too?
15:10:32Yes.
15:10:34You can do this too.
15:10:38Does your phone or your bed pull you
15:10:42away?
15:10:50Maybe your phone.
15:10:53Maybe your bed.
15:10:56What pulls you away from English?
15:11:09Maybe your phone,
15:11:12the TV,
15:11:14or your bed.
15:11:17>> That's amazing.
15:11:20Let's jump into it and come.
15:11:22>> Put it in a box before you start.
15:11:28Close the box.
15:11:44Ask yourself,
15:11:47what will I lock away today?
15:12:03Final round.
15:12:08>> Do you put it in a box?
15:12:22Yes.
15:12:23Put it in a box
15:12:26before you start.
15:12:30Do you open the box
15:12:34or close the box?
15:12:41You close the box.
15:12:45What will you lock away
15:12:48today?
15:12:56I will lock away my phone today.
15:13:09The grammar we practice today, there was
15:13:13there were.
15:13:15There was a famous writer with a big
15:13:17problem.
15:13:20There were guests at home.
15:13:24There were no guests now.
15:13:28There was nothing else to do.
15:13:37Congratulations.
15:13:39You practiced 313
15:13:42words in this story and you learned a
15:13:45lot.
15:13:48Forch!
15:14:19It's going to be a lot different.
15:14:24Talk like
15:14:51The jar. The jar from the book Talk Like
15:14:56Ted by Carmine Gallo.
15:14:59Show
15:15:01number
15:15:03stage
15:15:06object
15:15:08far
15:15:10kill
15:15:12care
15:15:14face
15:15:17meeting
15:15:19terrible.
15:15:22A man once opened
15:15:25a small glass jar
15:15:29on stage.
15:15:44[sighs and gasps] Inside the jar there
15:15:46were mosquitoes.
15:15:51He let them fly out into the room.
15:15:55[crying]
15:16:22Did a man open a small glass jar?
15:16:38Yes.
15:16:40A man opened a small glass jar.
15:16:45on stage.
15:16:48Were there
15:16:50mosquitoes
15:16:52or flowers in the jar?
15:17:03There were mosquitoes
15:17:06inside the jar.
15:17:09Where did the man
15:17:12open the jar?
15:17:22He opened the jar on stage.
15:17:33>> This happened in 2009
15:17:38at a big meeting called TED
15:17:55many important people were at the
15:17:58meeting.
15:18:07The man on the stage
15:18:09was Bill Gates. Awesome.
15:18:26Was it a big meeting?
15:18:39Yes,
15:18:41it was a big meeting
15:18:44called TED.
15:18:47Was the man on the stage
15:18:50Bill Gates
15:18:53or a teacher?
15:19:01The man on the stage was Bill Gates
15:19:08who was at the meeting.
15:19:18Many important people were at the
15:19:21meeting.
15:19:29He started Microsoft.
15:19:33Later he gave his time to health work.
15:19:48That day he talked about a terrible
15:19:53sickness called malaria.
15:20:16Did he start
15:20:19Microsoft?
15:20:28Yes,
15:20:30he started Microsoft.
15:20:34Did he talk about
15:20:36a sickness
15:20:38or a school?
15:20:50He talked about a terrible sickness
15:20:54called malaria.
15:20:58What did he give his time to?
15:21:09He gave his time to health work.
15:21:18Let's jump into
15:21:22Let's keep it up.
15:21:24>> Mosquitoes carry malaria. [crying]
15:21:29Each year it kills many people.
15:21:46Most of them live in poor countries.
15:21:49Many are small children.
15:22:09Does malaria kill
15:22:12many people?
15:22:24Yes.
15:22:27Each year it kills many people.
15:22:32Do they live in rich
15:22:36or poor countries?
15:22:45Most of them live in poor countries.
15:22:50What
15:22:52carries malaria?
15:23:02Mosquitoes
15:23:03carry malaria.
15:23:07>> Fabulous. Let's keep it up.
15:23:11>> Rich countries do not think about it
15:23:13much.
15:23:16Rich people are safe.
15:23:30For them, malaria is far away.
15:23:35It kills people in other places.
15:23:55speaking skills.
15:23:59Do rich countries think about malaria
15:24:03much?
15:24:14No,
15:24:16rich countries do not think about it
15:24:20much.
15:24:23Is malaria
15:24:25near or far away for them?
15:24:37For them malaria is far away.
15:24:43Who is safe?
15:24:51Rich people are safe.
15:24:55>> Extraordinary. Let's keep it up.
15:24:59>> Gates had a problem.
15:25:04How do you make people care?
15:25:20He could show numbers.
15:25:23He could show charts.
15:25:38>> Did Gates have a problem?
15:25:51Yes,
15:25:53Gates had a problem.
15:25:58Could he show numbers
15:26:01or only talk?
15:26:13He could show numbers.
15:26:17He could show charts.
15:26:21What was the problem?
15:26:33The problem was
15:26:36how do you make people care?
15:26:47He did show numbers.
15:26:51Then he did more than numbers.
15:27:07He picked up the jar.
15:27:10He opened it. Awesome.
15:27:23Did he show
15:27:25numbers?
15:27:35Yes,
15:27:38he did show numbers.
15:27:41Did he pick up the jar
15:27:44or a book?
15:27:51He picked up the jar.
15:27:56What did he do with the jar?
15:28:07He picked up the jar.
15:28:10He opened it.
15:28:18Why should only poor people feel this?
15:28:27He said
15:28:28there was no reason.
15:28:47Imagine you are in that room.
15:28:53Mosquitoes fly near your face.
15:29:16Did he say there was a reason?
15:29:30No,
15:29:32he said there was no reason.
15:29:36Do mosquitoes fly near your face
15:29:41or your feet?
15:29:50Mosquitoes [sighs]
15:29:51fly near your face.
15:29:55Where do you imagine you are?
15:29:59Imagine
15:30:06you are in that room.
15:30:13That's great.
15:30:16>> Now you feel it.
15:30:21That terrible problem is not far away
15:30:26now.
15:30:42Then he told everyone
15:30:45these mosquitoes
15:30:47had no malaria.
15:31:01Awesome. Wait, let's go.
15:31:05Is the terrible problem
15:31:08far away now?
15:31:20No.
15:31:22The terrible problem is not far away
15:31:26now.
15:31:28Did these mosquitoes have malaria
15:31:33or no malaria?
15:31:42These mosquitoes had
15:31:45no malaria.
15:31:48Who did he tell about the mosquitoes?
15:32:02Then he told everyone
15:32:06these mosquitoes had no malaria.
15:32:11>> Well done.
15:32:14People
15:32:16laughed.
15:32:18[laughter]
15:32:19The job was a small thing.
15:32:33But it did a big job.
15:32:38Everyone talked about it.
15:32:57Did people
15:32:59laugh?
15:33:10>> [laughter]
15:33:10>> Yes.
15:33:13People laughed.
15:33:17Was the jar a big thing
15:33:20or a small thing?
15:33:30The jar
15:33:32was a small thing.
15:33:37What did everyone talk about?
15:33:47Everyone talked about the jar.
15:33:57News sites around the world wrote about
15:34:01the jar.
15:34:11in talk like Ted. Carmine Gallow loves
15:34:15this moment.
15:34:26He says people do not forget moments
15:34:30like this.
15:34:46Did news sites write about the jar?
15:35:01Yes.
15:35:04News sites around the world wrote about
15:35:08the jar.
15:35:11Do people forget or remember moments
15:35:16like this?
15:35:25People do not forget moments like this.
15:35:31Who loves this moment?
15:35:41Carmine Gallow loves this moment.
15:35:48I'm super proud of you.
15:35:53Numbers tell people about a problem.
15:35:58The jar made them care.
15:36:14Show the problem.
15:36:19Do not only talk about it.
15:36:37Did the jar make them care?
15:36:50Yes,
15:36:52the jar made them care.
15:36:58Do you show the problem
15:37:02or only talk about it?
15:37:14Show the problem.
15:37:18Do not only talk about it.
15:37:23What do numbers do?
15:37:32Numbers tell people about a problem.
15:37:42Try this in English.
15:37:46Next time you speak, bring an object,
15:38:01a photo, a cup, or a book.
15:38:07Hold it up for everyone.
15:38:26>> Do you bring
15:38:28an object?
15:38:40Yes.
15:38:42Next time you speak,
15:38:45bring an object.
15:38:49Do you hold it up
15:38:52or hide it?
15:39:01Hold it up for everyone.
15:39:05What object can you bring?
15:39:18You can bring a photo,
15:39:21a cup, or a book.
15:39:26Congratulations.
15:39:31Then tell your story about it.
15:39:37Watch their faces.
15:39:50One object can do more than many words.
15:40:08Let's jump into it.
15:40:11>> Can one object do more than many words?
15:40:27Yes,
15:40:30one object can do more than many words.
15:40:36Do you watch their faces
15:40:39or their hands?
15:40:48Watch
15:40:50their faces.
15:40:54What do you tell about the object,
15:41:05then tell your story about it.
15:41:17The grammar we practice today. A and the
15:41:22A man once opened a small glass jar on
15:41:26stage.
15:41:29This happened in 2009 at a big meeting
15:41:32called TED.
15:41:36Many important people were at the
15:41:38meeting
15:41:41that day. He talked about a terrible
15:41:43sickness called malaria.
15:41:52Congratulations.
15:41:54You practiced 300 words in this story
15:41:58and you learned a lot.
15:42:26Great job.
15:42:30The 5second rule.
15:42:38Robert.
15:42:53It works.
15:43:025 43
15:43:05>> 5 4 3 from the book The 5second Rule by
15:43:11Mel Robbins.
15:43:13Brain.
15:43:16Count.
15:43:18Bed.
15:43:20Hit.
15:43:22Job.
15:43:24Sit.
15:43:26Phone.
15:43:28Woman.
15:43:31Stand.
15:43:33Clock.
15:43:37[sighs and gasps] No job.
15:43:41Big debts.
15:43:45A very hard year.
15:44:04It was 2009.
15:44:09A woman in America felt stuck in her
15:44:14life.
15:44:41Did the woman
15:44:43have a job?
15:44:54No,
15:44:57she had no job.
15:45:02It was a very hard year.
15:45:08Was it an easy year
15:45:12or a hard year?
15:45:21It was a very
15:45:23hard year.
15:45:27How did she feel in her life?
15:45:39She felt stuck in her life.
15:45:49Her name was Mel Robbins.
15:45:54She was 41 years old.
15:46:09Every morning her alarm clock rang.
15:46:21And every morning
15:46:24she hit the snooze button.
15:46:27[clears throat]
15:46:42>> Was she 41 years old?
15:46:54Yes,
15:46:56she was 41 years old.
15:47:02Did she hit the snooze button
15:47:06or get up?
15:47:13She hit the snooze button.
15:47:18>> [clears throat]
15:47:19>> What rang
15:47:21every morning?
15:47:31Every morning her alarm clock rang.
15:47:40>> The snooze button stops the alarm.
15:47:46You sleep a few more minutes.
15:48:02Ring
15:48:05snooze.
15:48:08Ring
15:48:12snooze.
15:48:15Ring
15:48:20[sighs] snooze.
15:48:38>> Now it's your turn. Answer the
15:48:41questions.
15:48:43Does the alarm ring again after snooze?
15:48:58Yes.
15:49:00Ring
15:49:03snooze.
15:49:06Ring
15:49:09snooze.
15:49:12Does the snooze button stop the alarm or
15:49:17start it?
15:49:25The snooze button stops the alarm.
15:49:32What do you do after the snooze button?
15:49:42You sleep a few more minutes.
15:49:52>> She knew she had to get up.
15:49:56She needed a job.
15:50:03Her
15:50:09brain always said, "Not now.
15:50:14A few more minutes."
15:50:27Awesome.
15:50:33Did she need a job?
15:50:45Yes,
15:50:47she needed a job.
15:50:52Did her brain say now
15:50:56or not now? Her
15:51:05brain always said not now.
15:51:12What did she know?
15:51:21She knew she had to get up.
15:51:27I'm super proud of you.
15:51:32So, she stayed in bed
15:51:37and the problems got bigger.
15:51:53One night the woman sat at home.
15:51:58She was tired. [sighs]
15:52:10She saw a rocket launch.
15:52:14There was a countdown.
15:52:19Awesome.
15:52:31>> Did she stay in bed?
15:52:43Yes,
15:52:45she stayed in bed.
15:52:50Did the problems get bigger
15:52:53or smaller?
15:52:59The problems got bigger.
15:53:03Where did the woman sit one night?
15:53:17One night the woman sat at home.
15:53:24She was tired.
15:53:29That's great.
15:53:33>> 5 4 3 2 1
15:53:41and the rocket went up.
15:53:59She had an idea.
15:54:03She could launch herself out of bed.
15:54:25Did the rocket go up?
15:54:36Yes,
15:54:39the rocket went up.
15:54:42Could she launch herself out of bed
15:54:47or out of the house?
15:54:57She could launch herself
15:55:00out of bed.
15:55:03What did she
15:55:05have?
15:55:11She had an idea.
15:55:19>> Like a rocket
15:55:22before her brain could say no.
15:55:36The next morning, the alarm clock rang
15:55:40again.
15:55:57Was it like a rocket?
15:56:08Yes.
15:56:11Like a rocket.
15:56:14Did the alarm clock ring once
15:56:19or again?
15:56:30The next morning, the alarm clock rang
15:56:34again.
15:56:36When should she move?
15:56:48before her brain could say no.
15:56:54>> Congratulations. Let's keep going.
15:56:57>> She wanted to hit snooze.
15:57:01Then she remembered the rocket.
15:57:16Count with me.
15:57:195 4 3
15:57:232
15:57:25one.
15:57:47Did she want to hit snooze?
15:58:00Yes,
15:58:03she wanted to hit snooze.
15:58:09Did she remember the rocket
15:58:14or the alarm?
15:58:22She remembered the rocket.
15:58:27How do we count?
15:58:39We count 5
15:58:424
15:58:443
15:58:452
15:58:471.
15:58:50>> Well done.
15:58:54>> On one she stood up.
15:58:58She did not think.
15:59:01She moved.
15:59:16It was a very small win,
15:59:20just standing up out of head.
15:59:39>> Did she think?
15:59:51No.
15:59:54She did not think.
15:59:58She moved.
16:00:02Was it a big win
16:00:04or a small win?
16:00:13It was a very small win.
16:00:18When did she stand up?
16:00:27On one she stood up.
16:00:32>> All right, back to the story.
16:00:36>> The next day she counted again.
16:00:41And the next day. And the next.
16:00:58Soon she used the count for other hard
16:01:02things, too.
16:01:16Did she count again
16:01:20the next day?
16:01:31Yes.
16:01:33The next day
16:01:36she counted again.
16:01:40Did she use the count for easy things
16:01:45or hard things?
16:01:57She used the count for other hard
16:02:01things, too.
16:02:05When did she count?
16:02:15She counted the next day and the next.
16:02:25a phone call she was afraid of.
16:02:30She counted and picked up the phone.
16:02:47Slowly her life started to change.
16:02:53Later she wrote a book about the count.
16:03:18Did she pick up
16:03:21the phone.
16:03:32Yes,
16:03:34she counted and picked up the phone.
16:03:41Did her life start to change
16:03:45slowly
16:03:47or fast? Slowly
16:03:59her life started to change.
16:04:03What did she write
16:04:06a book about?
16:04:17She wrote a book about the count.
16:04:29>> Her idea is simple.
16:04:34Your brain wants to keep you safe.
16:04:51So when a thing is hard, it says
16:04:56wait
16:04:57later,
16:04:59not now.
16:05:20Does your brain want to keep you safe?
16:05:35Yes,
16:05:37your brain wants to keep you
16:05:42safe.
16:05:44Is her idea
16:05:47simple
16:05:48or hard?
16:05:52Her
16:05:56idea is simple.
16:06:00What does it say when a thing is hard?
16:06:14It says wait
16:06:19later.
16:06:21Not now.
16:06:30Move fast before your brain says no.
16:06:45Try it with English.
16:06:49You sit in class.
16:06:52You want to speaking
16:07:11skills.
16:07:13Do you sit
16:07:15in class?
16:07:26Yes.
16:07:29You sit in class.
16:07:34You want to speak.
16:07:38Do you move fast
16:07:41or slow?
16:07:51Move fast before your brain says no.
16:07:57What do you want to do?
16:08:05You want to speak?
16:08:09>> That's amazing.
16:08:12Let's jump into
16:08:14>> You feel afraid.
16:08:18Count five 4 3 2 1.
16:08:27Then open your mouth.
16:08:46Say the first sentence out loud.
16:08:51The rest will come.
16:09:10Let's jump into it.
16:09:13>> Do you feel
16:09:15afraid?
16:09:24Yes.
16:09:26You feel afraid.
16:09:30Do you say the first sentence
16:09:34or the last sentence?
16:09:45Say the first sentence out loud.
16:09:51What do you do after the count?
16:10:02Then you open your mouth.
16:10:14The grammar we practiced today, subject
16:10:17pronouns.
16:10:19She was 41 years old.
16:10:24And every morning she hit the snooze
16:10:27button.
16:10:30She was tired.
16:10:34She had an idea.
16:10:42Congratulations.
16:10:44You practiced 38 words in this story and
16:10:49you learned a lot.
16:10:53Congratulations.
16:11:22Just just listen to what happened.
16:11:28>> My name is Bashar Slim and I am 33 years
16:11:31old. I work as a branding and visual
16:11:34identity designer. I help businesses
16:11:36create unique brands that reflect who
16:11:39they are and make them stand out in the
16:11:41market.
16:11:55feeling
16:12:00lazy.
16:12:14Mhm. foreign.
16:12:26Mhm.
16:12:59Hello
16:13:05Detroit.
16:13:07Okay.
16:13:13[laughter]
16:13:18Mhm.
16:13:50Okay. Amen.
16:14:12Mhm.
16:14:22Amen.
16:15:04Wow.
16:15:11Mhm.
16:15:14Mhm.
16:15:53for
16:16:19good.
16:16:22forc
16:16:47Mhm.
16:17:09foreign.
16:17:27Mhm.
16:17:40Okay.
16:17:56English.
16:18:40And he said to go leave Amen. Beloved
16:19:11Mhm.
16:19:21Mom does.
16:19:35Alhamdulillah.
16:19:38forade
16:20:16Okay.
16:20:34Anyway,
16:20:56English. Hello
16:21:11Mhm.
16:21:57So assassiners
16:22:05foreign.
16:22:29Amen.
16:22:32inch.
16:23:01foreign.
16:23:28foreign.
16:23:44Hello
16:24:46Shakespeare.
16:24:58Okay.
16:25:17Mhm.
16:25:24Allah
16:25:41[clears throat]
16:25:42Shakespare
16:26:14>> [laughter]
16:26:14>> Shakespeare.
16:26:28for
16:26:41you. [clears throat]
16:26:50Here
16:26:53[laughter]
16:26:58you are.
16:27:08Yummy.
16:27:31Here you are.
16:28:08Mhm.
16:28:15WhatsApp.
16:28:40Uh,
16:29:20feeling feeling lazy.
16:29:32Mhm.
16:29:47Mhm.
16:30:16Are you Are you
16:30:30[laughter]
16:30:32kidding?
16:30:44foreign.
16:31:34Assassin.
16:31:36assassin.
16:31:50Fore.
16:32:22I would for
16:32:52similar.
16:33:25Amen.
16:33:49[clears throat]
16:34:03Mhm.
16:34:22lazy kid.
16:34:40Alhamdulillah. Alhamdulillah.
16:34:44Hello
16:35:04Amen.
16:35:19>> [clears throat]
16:35:43>> Getchech.
16:35:54Yeah. Yeah.
16:36:31I will stick.
16:36:55But anyways,
16:37:00Can't hurt me.
16:37:36Okay. [laughter]
16:37:55The third try.
16:37:57>> The third try from the book Can't Hurt
16:38:01Me by David Gogggins.
16:38:05Bar
16:38:07record.
16:38:09Failure.
16:38:12Arm.
16:38:14Our
16:38:16fix.
16:38:18Protect.
16:38:20Heat.
16:38:22Hold.
16:38:25Different.
16:38:284,030
16:38:31pull-ups.
16:38:3517 hours.
16:38:38One man
16:38:40on one bar.
16:38:58A pull-up is simple.
16:39:02You hold a bar
16:39:05and pull your body up.
16:39:21Awesome.
16:39:31Is a pullup
16:39:34simple?
16:39:43Yes,
16:39:46a pullup is simple.
16:39:51Do you hold a bar or a rope?
16:40:03You hold a bar and pull your body up.
16:40:10What do you pull up?
16:40:21You pull your body up.
16:40:27>> Well done.
16:40:31>> In 2013,
16:40:34David Gogggins did 4,030
16:40:39of them.
16:40:42It was a world record.
16:40:45>> [cheering]
16:41:01>> Read that number again.
16:41:044,30.
16:41:10Most people cannot do 10.
16:41:37Was it a world record?
16:41:49Yes,
16:41:51it was a world record.
16:41:56Did he do many pull-ups
16:42:00or few pull-ups?
16:42:10He did 4,030
16:42:14of them.
16:42:16When did he do it?
16:42:28In 2013,
16:42:31David Gogggins did 4,030
16:42:36of them.
16:42:43>> But this story does not start with a
16:42:46record.
16:42:49It starts with a fall.
16:43:04First he tried in a TV studio in New
16:43:09York.
16:43:24Does this story start with a record?
16:43:38No,
16:43:41it starts with a fall.
16:43:46Did he first try in a TV studio
16:43:51or a gym
16:44:02first? He tried in a TV studio
16:44:07in New York.
16:44:10Where was the TV studio?
16:44:22The TV studio was in New York.
16:44:28>> Extraordinary. Let's keep it up.
16:44:32>> The heat in the studio was too much.
16:44:37The bar was not right for him.
16:44:54After many hours, his arms stopped
16:44:58working.
16:45:01He had to stop.
16:45:24Was the heat in the studio
16:45:29too much?
16:45:40Yes,
16:45:42the heat in the studio was too much.
16:45:48Did his arms
16:45:50or his legs stop working?
16:45:59His arms
16:46:02stopped working.
16:46:04When did his arms
16:46:07stop working?
16:46:19After many hours,
16:46:23his arms
16:46:25stopped working.
16:46:31He was far from the record.
16:46:34Many people saw him fail.
16:46:48Weeks later, he tried again in a
16:46:51different gym.
16:47:00This time his arms were strong.
16:47:05Nothing protected his hands.
16:47:26Were his arms
16:47:29strong
16:47:30this time?
16:47:41Yes.
16:47:44This time his arms were strong.
16:47:49Did he try again in the same gym
16:47:54or a different gym?
16:48:04He tried again
16:48:06in a different gym.
16:48:10What
16:48:12protected his hands?
16:48:21Nothing
16:48:22protected his hands.
16:48:30>> The skin on his hands tore open.
16:48:37He could not hold the bar
16:48:41again. He had to stop.
16:48:59Two tries,
16:49:02two public failures.
16:49:08What do most people do now?
16:49:31Could he hold
16:49:34the bar?
16:49:44No,
16:49:47he could not hold the bar.
16:49:52Was it one failure
16:49:55or two failures?
16:50:04It was two public failures.
16:50:10What
16:50:12tore open
16:50:23the skin on his hands tore open.
16:50:30That's amazing.
16:50:34>> Most people stop here.
16:50:39They say this is not for them.
16:50:55He did something different.
16:51:01He sat down and studied his failures.
16:51:29Did he stop
16:51:32like most people?
16:51:44No,
16:51:47he did something different.
16:51:52Did he study his failures
16:51:57or forget them?
16:52:07He sat down
16:52:10and studied his failures.
16:52:14What do most people say?
16:52:24They say this is not for them.
16:52:35>> He looked hard at every problem,
16:52:40the heat,
16:52:42the bar,
16:52:45his hands.
16:53:01Then he fixed them one by one.
16:53:09He was ready to try again.
16:53:36Did he fix the problems?
16:53:50Yes,
16:53:52he fixed them.
16:53:55one by one.
16:53:59Did he look at every problem
16:54:03or one problem?
16:54:12He looked hard at every problem.
16:54:18What were the problems?
16:54:31The problems were the heat, the bar, and
16:54:36his hands.
16:54:44>> He found a better bar.
16:54:48He found a way to protect his hands.
16:55:02He made a plan for every hour.
16:55:08Work, rest, eat, drink.
16:55:32is speaking.
16:55:35Did he find a way to protect his hands?
16:55:49Yes,
16:55:52he found a way to protect his hands.
16:55:58Did he find a better bar
16:56:02or a better gym?
16:56:10He found a better bar.
16:56:15What did he make for every hour?
16:56:25He made a plan for every hour.
16:56:31>> Congratulations. Let's keep going.
16:56:35Then he tried a third time.
16:56:40Hour after hour he pulled.
16:56:59After 17 hours, the number was
16:57:054,030.
16:57:12The record was isn't [cheering]
16:57:35the record
16:57:38his
16:57:48Yes,
16:57:50the record was his.
16:57:55Did he try a second time
16:57:59or a third time?
16:58:09Then he tried a third time.
16:58:14What was the number after 17 hours?
16:58:30After 17 hours,
16:58:34the number was
16:58:364,030.
16:58:43incoming.
16:58:45>> Later he wrote it all down
16:58:49in can't hurt me.
16:59:01Two failures
16:59:04then the record.
16:59:09What changed?
16:59:12His
16:59:25failures were not the end.
16:59:30They were his teachers.
16:59:50Were his failures the end?
17:00:02No,
17:00:05his failures were not the end.
17:00:10Were his failures his teachers
17:00:14or his enemies?
17:00:23They were his teachers.
17:00:27Where did he write it all down?
17:00:40He wrote it all down in
17:00:44can't hurt me.
17:00:53>> Each failure showed him what to fix.
17:00:59Then he tried again.
17:01:15Think about your English.
17:01:20Maybe a speaking test went badly.
17:01:41speaking skills.
17:01:44Did each failure show him what to fix?
17:01:57Yes.
17:02:00Each failure showed him what to fix.
17:02:05Did a speaking test go well
17:02:09or badly.
17:02:21Maybe a speaking test went badly.
17:02:27What do you think about?
17:02:36I think about
17:02:38my English.
17:02:42That's amazing.
17:02:45Let's jump into it and
17:02:47do not hide from it.
17:02:53Write down what went wrong.
17:02:58Fix one thing.
17:03:17Then try again. Remember,
17:03:24[gasps] 4,030
17:03:27pull-ups
17:03:29started with two failures.
17:03:50Final round.
17:03:55Do you
17:03:57hide from it?
17:04:07No.
17:04:09Do not hide from it.
17:04:13Do you fix one thing
17:04:18or 10 things,
17:04:30fix one thing,
17:04:35then try again.
17:04:39What did 4,030
17:04:42pull-ups
17:04:44start with?
17:04:564,030
17:04:58pull-ups
17:05:00started with two failures.
17:05:12The grammar we practice today,
17:05:14possessive adjectives. After many hours,
17:05:18his arms stopped working.
17:05:23This time his arms were strong.
17:05:28The skin on his hands tore open.
17:05:33He sat down and studied his failures.
17:05:43Congratulations.
17:05:45You practiced 326
17:05:48words in this story and you learned a
17:05:51lot.
17:05:54That's amazing. Awesome.
17:05:59Amazing.
17:06:14Think and grow rich.
17:06:26foreign.
17:07:05Three feet.
17:07:07>> Three feet from the book Think and Grow
17:07:11Rich by Napoleon Hill.
17:07:15Gold.
17:07:17Uncle
17:07:19Machine.
17:07:22Sad
17:07:24expert
17:07:26engineer
17:07:29foot
17:07:31alone
17:07:33close
17:07:35dig.
17:07:38This young man had a big
17:07:42problem.
17:07:44His gold was gone.
17:08:00His name was Ru
17:08:04Derby.
17:08:07He came from Maryland in America.
17:08:14Was
17:08:32his gold
17:08:35gone?
17:08:44Yes,
17:08:48his gold was gone.
17:08:52Did he come from Maryland
17:08:54or from Colorado?
17:09:04He came from Maryland in America.
17:09:09What was his name?
17:09:20His name was Ru
17:09:26Derby.
17:09:31His
17:09:34uncle went west to Colorado
17:09:38to find gold.
17:09:52The uncle dug and dug.
17:09:57Then he found gold in the rock.
17:10:14He needed big machines to get the gold
17:10:18out.
17:10:33Did his uncle go west to find gold?
17:10:47Yes.
17:10:49His uncle went west to Colorado to find
17:10:54gold.
17:10:57Did the uncle find gold in the rock
17:11:02or in the river?
17:11:11Then he found gold in the rock.
17:11:17What did the uncle do?
17:11:28The uncle dug and dug.
17:11:34Then he found gold in the rock.
17:11:41>> Well done.
17:11:45>> So he went home.
17:11:49Family and neighbors gave him money.
17:12:02He bought the machines.
17:12:07The young man went with him to the mine.
17:12:26Let's jump into it.
17:12:28>> Did family and neighbors give him money?
17:12:42Yes.
17:12:44family and neighbors gave him money.
17:12:50Did he buy machines
17:12:53or a house?
17:13:00He bought the machines
17:13:05who went with him to the mine.
17:13:15The young man went with him to the mine.
17:13:21>> Extraordinary. Let's keep it up.
17:13:25>> The first gold was very good. It was one
17:13:29of the best mines in Colorado.
17:13:43They were very happy.
17:13:47[laughter]
17:13:48A little more gold and they could pay
17:13:50everyone back.
17:14:13Was the first gold very good?
17:14:27Yes.
17:14:29The first gold was very good.
17:14:34Were they happy or sad?
17:14:44They were very happy.
17:14:48What could they do with a little more
17:14:52gold?
17:15:02a little more gold and they could pay
17:15:06everyone back.
17:15:14>> Then one day
17:15:16the gold
17:15:18stopped.
17:15:28They drilled deeper and deeper.
17:15:33Nothing.
17:15:44Day after day they tried.
17:15:50No gold.
17:16:03Awesome. Wait. Let's go.
17:16:06>> Did the gold stop one day?
17:16:20Yes.
17:16:23Then one day the gold stopped.
17:16:30Did they drill deeper
17:16:33or go home?
17:16:41They drilled deeper and deeper.
17:16:46How often did they try?
17:16:55Day after day they tried.
17:16:58[clears throat]
17:17:06At last they stopped.
17:17:10They said the gold was finished.
17:17:23They sold their machines very cheaply
17:17:27to a junk man.
17:17:39Awesome.
17:17:45Did they stop at last?
17:17:56Yes.
17:17:58At last they stopped.
17:18:03Did they sell their machines to a junk
17:18:06man
17:18:07or an engineer?
17:18:19They sold their machines very cheaply to
17:18:24a junk man.
17:18:27What did they say about the gold?
17:18:36They said the gold was finished.
17:18:48Let's keep it up.
17:18:50>> A junk man buys old things
17:18:55that nobody wants.
17:19:11Then they took the train home,
17:19:15sad,
17:19:18tired
17:19:21with depths.
17:19:39Now the junk man did something smart.
17:19:56speaking skills.
17:19:58>> Were they sad on the train home?
17:20:12Yes.
17:20:14They took the train home
17:20:19sad,
17:20:21tired,
17:20:24with debts.
17:20:27Did they take the train
17:20:30or a car home?
17:20:40Then they took the train home.
17:20:46What does a junk man buy?
17:20:59A junk man buys old things that nobody
17:21:05wants.
17:21:13He did not dig alone.
17:21:18He called a mining engineer.
17:21:36An engineer is an expert.
17:21:41This one understood rocks.
17:21:58He looked at the rocks carefully.
17:22:03Then he did his math.
17:22:19Now it's your turn. Answer the
17:22:22questions.
17:22:24>> Did the junk man dig alone?
17:22:36No,
17:22:38he did not dig alone.
17:22:43Did he call an engineer
17:22:46or a friend?
17:22:55He called a mining engineer.
17:23:00What is an engineer?
17:23:08An engineer is an expert.
17:23:15That's great.
17:23:19>> The ground had a break there.
17:23:22The gold moved a little.
17:23:36How close was it?
17:23:39Only 3 ft away.
17:23:45About 1 meter.
17:24:07is speaking.
17:24:10Was the gold close?
17:24:23Yes.
17:24:25Only 3 ft away.
17:24:31About 1 meter.
17:24:35Did the gold move a lot
17:24:38or a little?
17:24:45The gold moved a little.
17:24:51What did the ground have there?
17:25:00The ground had a break there.
17:25:10The junk man got millions of dollars
17:25:14from that mine.
17:25:25That is the sad part.
17:25:28Derby quit so close only three feet from
17:25:34gold.
17:25:57Is that the sad part?
17:26:08Yes,
17:26:10that is the sad part.
17:26:14Did Derby quit far from gold
17:26:19or close to gold?
17:26:31Derby quit so close only three feet from
17:26:36gold.
17:26:39What did the junk man get from that
17:26:43mine?
17:26:52The junk man got millions of dollars
17:26:56from that mine.
17:27:02>> Many people say the lesson is
17:27:06never quit.
17:27:17I think the real lesson
17:27:20is more useful.
17:27:38Too many people say never quit.
17:27:51Yes.
17:27:53Many people say the lesson is
17:27:57never quit.
17:28:00Is the real lesson
17:28:03more useful
17:28:05or less useful?
17:28:15I think the real lesson
17:28:19is more useful.
17:28:22What is more useful?
17:28:32I think the real lesson is more useful.
17:28:42The two men dug alone.
17:28:48They never asked an expert.
17:28:54The junk man did.
17:29:13Darby's story lives in Napoleon Hill's
17:29:18Think and Grow Rich.
17:29:39Did the two men ask an expert?
17:29:53No,
17:29:55they never asked an expert.
17:30:01The junk man did.
17:30:04Did the two men dig alone
17:30:09or with an expert?
17:30:16The two men dug alone.
17:30:21Where does Derby's story live?
17:30:34Derby's story lives in Napoleon Hills
17:30:40Think and Grow Rich.
17:30:52So before you stop your English,
17:30:58ask yourself one question.
17:31:14Who knows more than me?
17:31:20What can they show me?
17:31:37Final round.
17:31:43Do you ask yourself one question?
17:31:55Yes.
17:31:57Ask yourself one question.
17:32:02Do you ask before you stop
17:32:06or after you stop?
17:32:18Before you stop your English,
17:32:22ask yourself one question.
17:32:27What is the question?
17:32:39Who knows more than me?
17:32:45What can they show me?
17:32:54The grammar we practice today, past
17:32:57simple, irregular verbs. His uncle went
17:33:01west to Colorado to find gold.
17:33:06Then he found gold in the rock.
17:33:12Family and neighbors gave him money.
17:33:16He bought the machines.
17:33:25Congratulations.
17:33:27You practiced 306 words in this story
17:33:31and you learned a lot.
17:33:52Oh, it's all working.
17:34:17The everything store.
17:34:24Amazon
17:34:37>> [clears throat]
17:34:42>> The bell from the book The Everything
17:34:46Store by Brad Stone.
17:34:49Bell
17:34:51ring
17:34:54door
17:34:56desk
17:34:58order
17:35:00customer
17:35:02expensive
17:35:05normal
17:35:07low
17:35:09turn.
17:35:12A door stands on four wooden legs.
17:35:18It is not a door now.
17:35:24It is a desk.
17:35:41A young man made this desk himself
17:35:46in 1994.
17:36:14is the door
17:36:17a desk now.
17:36:29Yes,
17:36:32it is not a door now.
17:36:37It is a desk.
17:36:40Did a young man or an old man make this
17:36:46desk?
17:36:57A young man made this desk himself
17:37:01in 1994.
17:37:05What stands on four wooden legs?
17:37:17A door stands on four wooden legs.
17:37:28His name was Jeff Bezos.
17:37:35He wanted to sell books on the internet.
17:37:56We know this from a book by Brad Stone,
17:38:00The Everything Store.
17:38:17Did he want to sell books on the
17:38:21internet?
17:38:31Yes,
17:38:34he wanted to sell books on the internet.
17:38:39Is the book by Brad Stone
17:38:44or by Jeff Bezos?
17:38:56We know this from a book by Brad Stone,
17:39:01The Everything Store.
17:39:05What was his name?
17:39:13His name was Jeff Bezos.
17:39:21Jeff did not have a big office.
17:39:25He had a garage.
17:39:38It was the garage of a rented house near
17:39:42Seattle.
17:39:54speaking.
17:39:59Did Jeff have a big office?
17:40:12No,
17:40:14Jeff did not have a big office.
17:40:18Did he have a garage
17:40:22or a big office?
17:40:29He had a garage.
17:40:33Where was the garage?
17:40:45It was the garage of a rented house near
17:40:51Seattle.
17:40:57He did not buy expensive desks.
17:41:02He bought cheap doors.
17:41:19Each door cost about $60.
17:41:25It was not expensive.
17:41:29He put legs on them.
17:41:54Did he buy expensive desks?
17:42:07No,
17:42:09he did not buy expensive desks.
17:42:15Did he buy cheap doors
17:42:20or expensive desks?
17:42:30He bought cheap doors.
17:42:35What did he put on the doors?
17:42:43He put legs on them.
17:42:52Door desks. A small garage,
17:42:56a few people, and a few computers.
17:43:14They worked long hours.
17:43:19They wanted to keep their costs low.
17:43:39Did they work long hours?
17:43:52Yes,
17:43:54they worked long hours.
17:43:58Did they want their costs low
17:44:03or high?
17:44:11They wanted to keep their costs low.
17:44:17What was in the small garage,
17:44:30door desks,
17:44:32a few people,
17:44:35and a few computers.
17:44:42>> That's great.
17:44:44Anyway,
17:44:45>> the next year they moved to a small
17:44:49Seattle office.
17:44:59Then the website opened.
17:45:04People could buy books online.
17:45:26How
17:45:31did they move to a small Seattle office?
17:45:44Yes.
17:45:47The next year they moved to a small
17:45:52Seattle office.
17:45:55Could people buy books online
17:46:00or only in shops?
17:46:05People
17:46:11could buy books online.
17:46:16What opened then?
17:46:25Then the website opened.
17:46:31>> Extraordinary. Let's keep it up.
17:46:35Did people really want books from a
17:46:38computer?
17:46:42The team did not know.
17:46:57The team set up a small bell in the
17:47:01office.
17:47:16Did the team know?
17:47:27>> No,
17:47:29the team did not know.
17:47:34Was the bell small
17:47:37or big?
17:47:45The team set up a small bell.
17:47:51Where did they set up the bell?
17:48:03The team set up a small bell
17:48:07in the office.
17:48:13>> The rule was simple.
17:48:18One order,
17:48:20one ring.
17:48:34Ding.
17:48:37A customer in another city bought a
17:48:40book.
17:48:50Ding.
17:48:53another order.
17:48:57Each ring meant a new customer.
17:49:20Did one order mean one ring?
17:49:35Yes.
17:49:37One order,
17:49:39one ring.
17:49:42Was the customer in the same city
17:49:47or another city?
17:49:58A customer in another city bought a
17:50:02book.
17:50:04What did each ring mean?
17:50:15Each ring meant a new customer.
17:50:28>> At first, the bell did not ring often.
17:50:33Sales were low.
17:50:37That was normal.
17:50:54Then it rang more
17:50:58and more
17:51:01and more.
17:51:18Now it's your turn. Answer the
17:51:21questions.
17:51:24[sighs and gasps] Did the bell ring
17:51:26often
17:51:28at first?
17:51:41No,
17:51:43at first the bell did not ring often.
17:51:49Were sales low
17:51:53or high.
17:52:03Sales were low.
17:52:06That was normal.
17:52:10What happened then?
17:52:22Then it rang more
17:52:25and more
17:52:28and more.
17:52:32for
17:52:38Ding ding ding.
17:52:41It rang all day long.
17:52:57After a few weeks, they turned the bell
17:53:00off.
17:53:14speaking skills.
17:53:17>> Did it ring all day long?
17:53:28Yes,
17:53:30it rang all day long.
17:53:35Did they turn the bell off
17:53:39or keep it on?
17:53:46They turned the bell off.
17:53:50When did they turn the bell off?
17:54:02After a few weeks, they turned the bell
17:54:06off.
17:54:14>> Why?
17:54:17It rang too often.
17:54:21There were too many orders.
17:54:40The bell stopped.
17:54:42The orders did not stop.
17:54:54Today that small company is Amazon.
17:55:00It sells almost everything.
17:55:26Did the orders stop?
17:55:35No,
17:55:37the orders did not stop.
17:55:42Were there too many orders
17:55:46or too few?
17:55:53There were too many orders.
17:55:58What is that small company today?
17:56:11Today
17:56:12that small company is Amazon.
17:56:19>> Fabulous. Let's keep it up.
17:56:22And it started with door desks
17:56:26and a little bell.
17:56:36A small start is normal.
17:56:41The desk did not matter.
17:56:45The work did.
17:57:04Great.
17:57:08Is a small start normal?
17:57:20Yes,
17:57:22a small start is normal.
17:57:27Did the desk matter
17:57:31or the work?
17:57:41The desk did not matter.
17:57:45The work did.
17:57:48What did it start with?
17:58:00It started with door desks
17:58:04and a little bell.
17:58:10And let's continue.
17:58:12You do not need a big office to begin.
17:58:24Start with what you have
17:58:27and start today.
17:58:41Your English can start small too.
17:58:46One new word is one ring.
17:59:04Ding.
17:59:06Ding.
17:59:07Ding.
17:59:10Do not turn your bell off.
17:59:17Keep it ringing.
17:59:35Final round.
17:59:41>> Do you need a big office to begin?
17:59:54No.
17:59:56You do not need a big office to begin.
18:00:03Do you turn your bell off
18:00:07or keep it ringing?
18:00:19Do not turn your bell off.
18:00:25Keep it ringing.
18:00:28What is one new word?
18:00:37One new word is one ring.
18:00:49The grammar we practice today, past
18:00:52simple, negative. Jeff did not have a
18:00:55big office.
18:00:58He did not buy expensive desks.
18:01:04The team did not know.
18:01:08At first, the bell did not ring often.
18:01:17Congratulations.
18:01:19You practiced 319 words in this story
18:01:24and you learned a lot.
18:01:36Come on.
18:01:58This is amazing.
18:02:01Unlimited power.
18:02:16>> [laughter]
18:02:26>> Turn Rob is something like crazy.
18:02:54Tony Robbins.
18:03:16Yeah, it's it's amazing.
18:03:28junk food.
18:03:34Wow, that's interesting.
18:03:48Taj Robins
18:03:54The next door.
18:03:56>> The next door from the book Unlimited
18:04:00Power by Tony Robbins.
18:04:03Chicken
18:04:06restaurant.
18:04:08Owner
18:04:10here.
18:04:12Keep
18:04:14road
18:04:16drive
18:04:19luck.
18:04:20Cook
18:04:22offer.
18:04:25No.
18:04:28No.
18:04:31No.
18:04:34Again and again
18:04:37the answer was no.
18:04:55The man who heard it was 65
18:05:00years old.
18:05:12His name was Harland Sanders.
18:05:17People called him the colonel.
18:05:44Was the man
18:05:4865 years old?
18:06:00Yes.
18:06:03The man who heard it was 65
18:06:08years old.
18:06:10Was the answer yes
18:06:13or no?
18:06:24The answer was no again and again.
18:06:31What did people
18:06:34call him?
18:06:42People called him the colonel.
18:06:50That's great.
18:06:54He had a restaurant by a busy road in
18:06:57Kentucky.
18:07:06People loved his fried chicken.
18:07:11He had a secret recipe.
18:07:35Did people love his fried chicken?
18:07:49Yes,
18:07:51people loved his fried chicken.
18:07:56Was his restaurant by a busy road or a
18:08:00quiet road?
18:08:10His restaurant was by a busy road in
18:08:14Kentucky.
18:08:16What did he
18:08:18have?
18:08:26He had a secret recipe.
18:08:38>> Then the government built a new big
18:08:42road.
18:08:44It went around his town.
18:09:01The cars stopped coming.
18:09:05He had to sell his restaurant.
18:09:20Let's jump into it.
18:09:22>> Did the new road go through his town?
18:09:35No.
18:09:37The new road went around his town.
18:09:42Did he keep his restaurant
18:09:46or sell it?
18:09:52He had to sell his restaurant.
18:09:57Who built a new big road?
18:10:07The government built a new big road.
18:10:15Let's let's jump into the
18:10:20Let's keep it up.
18:10:23He had very little money,
18:10:27only a small government check each
18:10:31month.
18:10:45Many people stop at this age.
18:10:50He did not.
18:11:03He had one thing left.
18:11:06His chicken recipe.
18:11:26Did he have
18:11:29a lot of money?
18:11:38No,
18:11:41he had very little money.
18:11:45Was his one thing left
18:11:48a restaurant
18:11:50or a recipe?
18:11:58His
18:12:03one thing left was his chicken recipe.
18:12:10What did he get each month?
18:12:24He had only a small government check
18:12:29each month.
18:12:35>> It was not much,
18:12:39but he loved cooking and he believed in
18:12:43it.
18:12:56He put his pots and spices in his car.
18:13:12speaking.
18:13:15>> Did he believe
18:13:17in his cooking?
18:13:29Yes,
18:13:31he loved cooking and he believed in it.
18:13:37Did he love cooking
18:13:40or selling?
18:13:46He loved cooking.
18:13:51What did he put in his car?
18:14:03He put his pots and [snorts] spices in
18:14:08his car.
18:14:15>> He drove from town to town, restaurant
18:14:19to restaurant.
18:14:31Knock knock.
18:14:34He went in and cooked his chicken for
18:14:39the owner
18:14:58speaking skills.
18:15:01Did he cook his chicken for the owner?
18:15:15Yes,
18:15:17he went in and cooked his chicken for
18:15:22the owner.
18:15:24Did he drive or walk from town to town?
18:15:36He drove from town to town.
18:15:41Where did he drive?
18:15:53He drove from town to town.
18:15:57restaurant to restaurant.
18:16:06His offer was simple.
18:16:10They could use his recipe.
18:16:15He got a few cents for each chicken.
18:16:36Most owners did not like his offer.
18:16:42At night,
18:16:44he often slept in his car.
18:17:09Did most owners
18:17:12like his offer?
18:17:25No,
18:17:28most owners did not like his offer.
18:17:33Did he sleep in a hotel
18:17:37or in his car?
18:17:47At night he often slept in his car.
18:17:54What was his
18:17:56offer?
18:18:07They could use his recipe.
18:18:12He got a few cents for each chicken.
18:18:19>> Congratulations. Let's keep going.
18:18:23>> Then he drove to the next town
18:18:27and the next
18:18:40In his book Unlimited Power, Tony
18:18:44Robbins gives a number.
18:18:59it.
18:19:00>> Did he drive to the next town?
18:19:15Yes.
18:19:17Then he drove to the next town
18:19:23and the next.
18:19:27Does Tony Robbins give a number
18:19:31or a name?
18:19:39Tony Robbins gives
18:19:42a number.
18:19:45What is the name of his book?
18:19:56His book is
18:19:59unlimited
18:20:00power.
18:20:08He says the colonel heard no 1,09
18:20:16times.
18:20:31We cannot check this number.
18:20:35But he heard no many many times.
18:20:54And then slowly
18:20:57things started to change.
18:21:11Awesome.
18:21:17Did the colonel here know many times?
18:21:32Yes,
18:21:35he heard no many many times.
18:21:42Can we check this number or not?
18:21:53We cannot check this number.
18:21:58How many times did he hear no in the
18:22:03book?
18:22:14He says the colonel heard no
18:22:181,09
18:22:22times.
18:22:29>> Some owners liked the taste of his
18:22:32chicken.
18:22:34They said yes.
18:22:38Then more said yes.
18:22:56By 1964,
18:22:59more than 600s
18:23:02restaurants sold his chicken.
18:23:21him.
18:23:22>> Did some owners
18:23:26like the taste of his chicken?
18:23:38Yes.
18:23:40Some owners liked the taste of his
18:23:43chicken.
18:23:46Did they say yes
18:23:48or no?
18:23:59They said yes.
18:24:03Then more said yes.
18:24:08How many restaurants sold his chicken by
18:24:131964?
18:24:25By 1964,
18:24:27more than 600 restaurants sold his
18:24:32chicken.
18:24:38Today his face is on restaurants all
18:24:43over the world.
18:24:47People still love his chicken.
18:25:07Was his success just luck?
18:25:13Maybe a little.
18:25:30Let's jump into it.
18:25:33Do people still love his chicken?
18:25:47Yes,
18:25:50people still love his chicken.
18:25:56Is his face on restaurants in one town
18:26:02or all over the world?
18:26:08His
18:26:15face is on restaurants
18:26:18all over the world.
18:26:23What does the story ask about his
18:26:27success?
18:26:38Was his success just luck?
18:26:45Maybe [clears throat]
18:26:46a little.
18:26:49>> I'm super proud of you.
18:26:54>> Luck can only find you
18:26:58if you keep walking.
18:27:09The colonel kept driving.
18:27:14He kept knocking.
18:27:17He kept cooking.
18:27:41Can luck find you if you keep walking?
18:27:56Yes,
18:27:58luck can only find you if you keep
18:28:04walking.
18:28:07Did the colonel keep driving
18:28:11or stop?
18:28:18The colonel kept driving.
18:28:23What did the colonel keep doing?
18:28:37He kept driving.
18:28:40He kept knocking.
18:28:43He kept cooking.
18:28:55>> [sighs]
18:28:55>> Nobody likes hearing no
18:29:00in English.
18:29:02People may not understand you.
18:29:21You may make many mistakes.
18:29:26That is fine.
18:29:31Knock on the next door.
18:29:50remember this.
18:29:52Every yes lives behind many nos.
18:30:15Let's jump into it.
18:30:17>> Does anybody
18:30:20like hearing no
18:30:32No,
18:30:34nobody likes hearing. No.
18:30:38Should you stop or knock on the next
18:30:43door?
18:30:48Knock on the next door.
18:30:52What lives
18:30:54behind many knows?
18:31:07Every yes
18:31:10lives behind
18:31:12many nos.
18:31:22The grammar we practice today like love.
18:31:26People loved his fried chicken,
18:31:31but he loved cooking and he believed in
18:31:34it.
18:31:36Most owners did not like his offer.
18:31:41Some owners liked the taste of his
18:31:44chicken.
18:31:51Congratulations.
18:31:53You practiced 322
18:31:56words in this story and you learned a
18:31:59lot.
18:32:03Congratulations.
18:32:32Awesome.
18:32:49I want you to listen to what happened.
18:32:51Let's go
18:32:56to Instagram.
18:33:10Get
18:33:33native
18:33:54Fore speech.
18:34:04Fore
18:34:21listening reading open speaking
18:34:31reading listening speaking.
18:34:40Awesome.
18:35:03It's something amazing. It's something
18:35:05totally crazy.
18:35:10[music]
18:35:15The obstacle is the way.
18:35:22Oh my god.
18:35:25So,
18:35:32obstacles.
18:36:16That's an amazing concept.
18:36:22The weak voice
18:36:24The weak voice from the book The
18:36:28Obstacle is the Way by Ryan Holiday.
18:36:33Voice
18:36:35stone
18:36:37mouth.
18:36:39Laugh.
18:36:41Breath.
18:36:44Sea.
18:36:46Wave.
18:36:48Hill.
18:36:50Hair.
18:36:52Clear.
18:36:55Long ago,
18:36:57a boy lost his father.
18:37:03He was only seven.
18:37:19His father left him money.
18:37:23The men who kept it took much of it.
18:37:42Awesome.
18:37:52Did the boy
18:37:54lose his father?
18:38:07Yes. [sighs and gasps]
18:38:10Long ago, a boy lost his father.
18:38:16Was he seven
18:38:19or 20?
18:38:25He was only seven.
18:38:30Who took much of his money.
18:38:40The men who kept it took much of it.
18:38:50Let's jump into
18:38:54Let's keep it up.
18:38:56>> He was a thin boy, often sick.
18:39:02Other boys laughed at him. [laughter]
18:39:18He also had a big problem,
18:39:23a weak voice.
18:39:43Was he a strong boy?
18:39:55No.
18:39:57He was a thin boy, often sick.
18:40:03Did he have a weak voice or a strong
18:40:07voice?
18:40:14He had a weak voice.
18:40:19What did other boys do?
18:40:25Other
18:40:29boys laughed at him.
18:40:34>> Well done.
18:40:38>> His words were not clear.
18:40:43He ran out of breath fast. [sighs]
18:40:58He grew into a young man.
18:41:02His dream was to speak well.
18:41:19Awesome.
18:41:21Let's go.
18:41:23>> Were his words clear?
18:41:33No,
18:41:34his words were not clear.
18:41:39Did he run out of breath fast or slowly?
18:41:50He ran out of breath fast.
18:41:55What was the young man's
18:41:57dream?
18:42:05His dream was to speak well.
18:42:13income
18:42:14>> in Athens.
18:42:16The city decided everything by speeches.
18:42:22He wanted a voice there.
18:42:41The first time he spoke to them,
18:42:45they laughed.
18:42:48[laughter]
18:42:59>> Let's jump into it.
18:43:01Did he want a voice in Athens?
18:43:15Yes,
18:43:18he wanted a voice
18:43:20there.
18:43:23Did the people listen or laugh?
18:43:32They laughed.
18:43:35How did Athens
18:43:38decide everything?
18:43:48The city decided everything
18:43:52by speeches.
18:43:56>> Fabulous. Let's keep it up.
18:43:59They shouted.
18:44:02They did not listen.
18:44:07He went home very sad.
18:44:26He could hide.
18:44:28Instead,
18:44:30he made a hard plan.
18:44:34[clears throat]
18:44:47Great.
18:44:50Did he go home
18:44:54happy?
18:45:04No,
18:45:08he [gasps] went home
18:45:11very sad.
18:45:14Did he hide
18:45:16or make a hard plan?
18:45:26He made a hard plan.
18:45:30What did the people do?
18:45:41They shouted.
18:45:44They did not listen.
18:45:50>> That's great.
18:45:53He built a room under the ground.
18:45:58He practiced there every day.
18:46:14He cut off half his hair. Now he could
18:46:19not go out.
18:46:36Did he build a room
18:46:39under the ground?
18:46:50Yes,
18:46:53he built a room under the ground.
18:46:58Did he cut off half his hair or all his
18:47:03hair?
18:47:10He cut off half his hair.
18:47:16Where did he practice
18:47:18every day?
18:47:29He practiced there
18:47:32in the room under the ground.
18:47:43with his strange hair. He stayed inside
18:47:48and trained.
18:48:00He put small stones in his mouth and
18:48:05spoke.
18:48:15with stones in his mouth. Every word was
18:48:20hard work.
18:48:35Did he put big stones in his mouth?
18:48:48No.
18:48:51He put small stones in his mouth.
18:48:56Was every word easy work
18:49:01or hard work?
18:49:10Every word was hard work.
18:49:15What did he do with his strange hair
18:49:30with his strange hair?
18:49:33He stayed inside
18:49:35and trained.
18:49:40You guess so.
18:49:42>> He ran up hills
18:49:45and spoke at the same time.
18:49:58The high hills made his breath long
18:50:03and [sighs and gasps] strong.
18:50:21Did he walk up the hills?
18:50:35No.
18:50:37He ran up hills and spoke at the same
18:50:42time.
18:50:44Was his breath short
18:50:48or long after the hills?
18:50:59His breath was long and strong.
18:51:05What made his breath strong?
18:51:17The high hills made his breath strong.
18:51:26>> He went to the sea.
18:51:30He spoke louder than the waves.
18:51:45The sea had big loud waves.
18:51:50His voice was louder.
18:52:08is speaking.
18:52:12>> Did he go to the sea?
18:52:22Yes,
18:52:24he went to the sea.
18:52:28Did the sea have small waves
18:52:32or big waves?
18:52:42The sea had big loud waves.
18:52:48Who spoke louder than the waves?
18:53:00He spoke louder than the waves.
18:53:10>> He spoke in front of a big mirror, too.
18:53:16He watched himself.
18:53:30Year after year, his weak voice grew
18:53:35strong.
18:53:49English.
18:53:53>> Did he speak in front of a small mirror?
18:54:05No.
18:54:08He spoke in front of a big mirror.
18:54:13Did his weak voice grow strong
18:54:18or stay weak.
18:54:30Year after year, his weak voice grew
18:54:35strong.
18:54:38Who did he watch in the mirror?
18:54:46He watched
18:54:48himself.
18:54:58>> Later the people came again.
18:55:03This time they came to hear him.
18:55:20They did not laugh now.
18:55:24They listened
18:55:26and Athens followed his words.
18:55:47Now it's your turn. Answer the
18:55:50questions.
18:55:51>> Did the people laugh
18:55:55this time?
18:56:05No,
18:56:08they did not laugh. Now,
18:56:13did they come to laugh or to hear him?
18:56:24This time they came to hear him.
18:56:29What did Athens
18:56:32follow?
18:56:39Athens followed his words.
18:56:44>> Congratulations. Let's keep going.
18:56:48>> People still tell the story of the
18:56:51Stones
18:56:53and his name.
18:57:06The boy with the weak voice
18:57:10was Deost.
18:57:25Today many call him the greatest speaker
18:57:30of ancient Greece.
18:57:50Do people still tell the story of the
18:57:55stones?
18:58:06Yes,
18:58:09people still tell the story of the
18:58:13stones.
18:58:16Is he a great speaker
18:58:20or a weak speaker today?
18:58:33Many call him the greatest speaker of
18:58:38ancient Greece.
18:58:41Who was the boy with the weak voice?
18:58:55The boy with the weak voice was
18:59:00Deosanes.
18:59:04>> That's amazing.
18:59:08His
18:59:10voice was not born strong.
18:59:14He trained it like a muscle.
18:59:29Your English voice is a muscle, too.
18:59:34Maybe it is weak today.
18:59:47So train it
18:59:52today. Read one page in a clear voice.
18:59:59Then read it again
19:00:02louder.
19:00:20Final round.
19:00:25Was his voice
19:00:27born strong?
19:00:39No,
19:00:42his voice was not born strong.
19:00:47Is your English voice a muscle
19:00:52or a stone?
19:01:00Your English voice is a muscle, too.
19:01:06How do you read one page today?
19:01:20Today
19:01:22read one page
19:01:25in a clear voice.
19:01:35The grammar we practiced today,
19:01:37adjectives before nouns. He also had a
19:01:41big problem, a weak voice.
19:01:46Instead, he made a hard plan.
19:01:51He put small stones in his mouth and
19:01:54spoke.
19:01:57The high hills made his breath long and
19:02:00strong.
19:02:07Congratulations.
19:02:09You practiced 316 words in this story
19:02:13and you learned a lot.
19:02:48It's going to be a lot different.
19:02:54Are you ready?
19:03:01Smarter, faster, better.
19:03:17And then and it's inspired and then we
19:03:19go.
19:03:37[clears throat]
19:03:40It's going to happen to you. Guess what?
19:03:43The small plane
19:03:46The Small Plane from the book Smarter,
19:03:50Faster, Better by Charles Doohig.
19:03:54Pilot.
19:03:56Captain
19:03:58Wing.
19:04:00Engine
19:04:03warning.
19:04:05Metal.
19:04:07Breathe.
19:04:09Leak.
19:04:11Model.
19:04:14explode.
19:04:17November 4th,
19:04:202010.
19:04:24A giant plane is leaving Singapore
19:04:29for Sydney.
19:04:47It is an Airbus A380,
19:04:51the biggest passenger plane in the
19:04:54world.
19:05:09Awesome.
19:05:19Is the plane leaving Singapore?
19:05:32>> Yes.
19:05:36A giant plane is leaving Singapore for
19:05:40Sydney.
19:05:43Is the plane leaving for Sydney
19:05:46or for London?
19:05:56The plane is leaving Singapore
19:06:00for Sydney.
19:06:04Which plane is it?
19:06:15It is an Airbus A380,
19:06:20the biggest passenger plane in the
19:06:23world.
19:06:32There are 469
19:06:35people on board.
19:06:39Five pilots are sitting at the front.
19:06:55The captain is Richard Decrepony.
19:07:00He is a pilot with many years of flying.
19:07:26Are five pilots sitting at the front?
19:07:39Yes.
19:07:41Five pilots are sitting at the front.
19:07:47Is the captain a new pilot or a pilot
19:07:52with many years of flying?
19:08:04He is a pilot with many years of flying.
19:08:11Who is the captain?
19:08:19The captain is Richard Decreman.
19:08:30A few minutes after takeoff,
19:08:34there is a sound.
19:08:37Boom.
19:08:51One of the engines explodes.
19:08:56Pieces of metal fly out.
19:09:00The metal makes holes in the wing.
19:09:20Awesome. Wait, let's go.
19:09:24>> Does one of the engines
19:09:27explode?
19:09:37Yes,
19:09:39one of the engines explodes.
19:09:45Does the metal make holes in the wing
19:09:49or in the door?
19:09:57The metal makes holes in the wing.
19:10:03What flies out?
19:10:11Pieces of metal fly out.
19:10:16>> Extraordinary. Let's keep it up.
19:10:20>> Suddenly, warnings fill the screens.
19:10:26Red lights.
19:10:28Loud alarms are ringing.
19:10:45Then more warnings come
19:10:49and more
19:10:51and more.
19:11:02Many parts of the plane are not working.
19:11:09Fuel is leaking from the wing.
19:11:30speaking skills.
19:11:32Are loud alarms ringing?
19:11:44Yes,
19:11:46loud alarms are ringing.
19:11:50Is fuel leaking from the wing
19:11:54or from the door?
19:12:03Fuel is leaking from the wing.
19:12:07What fills the screens,
19:12:19warnings fill the screens,
19:12:22then more warnings come.
19:12:27>> Congratulations. Let's keep going.
19:12:31>> The pilots are trying to read every
19:12:34warning.
19:12:37There are too many.
19:12:50The captain's mind is too full, ready to
19:12:55explode.
19:12:59He cannot see the whole picture.
19:13:22Are the pilots trying to read every
19:13:26warning?
19:13:36Yes,
19:13:38the pilots are trying to read every
19:13:42warning.
19:13:44Is the captain's mind empty
19:13:48or [clears throat] too full?
19:13:59The captain's mind is too full, ready to
19:14:04explode.
19:14:07What can the captain not see?
19:14:15He cannot see the whole picture.
19:14:20That's amazing.
19:14:24Then he does something simple.
19:14:29He changes the picture in his head.
19:14:50He imagines that this giant plane
19:14:55is a small Cessna.
19:15:13Does he change the picture in his head?
19:15:26Yes,
19:15:28he changes the picture in his head.
19:15:33Is he imagining a small Cessner
19:15:38or a big ship?
19:15:46He is imagining a small Cessna.
19:15:52What does he imagine?
19:16:03He imagines that this giant plane is a
19:16:08small Cessna.
19:16:15A Cessna is a tiny plane with one
19:16:19engine.
19:16:23Many young pilots learn to fly in one.
19:16:43In a small plane, the questions are few
19:16:47and simple.
19:17:01is speaking.
19:17:04>> Does a Cessna have one engine?
19:17:16Yes.
19:17:19A Cessna is a tiny plane with one
19:17:23engine.
19:17:26Do young pilots or old pilots learn to
19:17:30fly in a Cessna?
19:17:38Many young pilots learn to fly in one.
19:17:43What are the questions like in a small
19:17:46plane?
19:17:56In a small plane,
19:17:58the questions are few and simple.
19:18:09>> He stops asking what is broken.
19:18:14He asks what is still working.
19:18:30With this simple picture, he and his
19:18:34team make a And
19:18:50>> now it's your turn. Answer the
19:18:53questions.
19:18:54Is he asking what is broken?
19:19:06No,
19:19:08he is asking what is still working.
19:19:13Does he ask what is broken or what is
19:19:17still working?
19:19:25He asks what is still working.
19:19:30What do he and his team make
19:19:43with this simple picture?
19:19:46He and his team make a plan.
19:19:52>> I'm super proud of you.
19:19:57Fuel is still leaking.
19:20:00They test the plane slowly high in the
19:20:04sky.
19:20:17Almost 2 hours after takeoff,
19:20:21they land back in Singapore.
19:20:43Is fuel still leaking?
19:20:54Yes,
19:20:56fuel is still leaking.
19:21:00[clears throat] Do they land in Sydney
19:21:03or back in Singapore?
19:21:11They land back in Singapore.
19:21:15How do they test the plane?
19:21:26They test the plane slowly
19:21:30high in the sky.
19:21:34>> Fabulous. Let's keep it up.
19:21:37>> The landing is hard work.
19:21:42The plane stops just in time.
19:21:58Nobody on board is hurt. Not one person.
19:22:03[applause]
19:22:17Is anybody on board hurt?
19:22:30No.
19:22:33Nobody on board is hurt.
19:22:38Not one person.
19:22:42Is the landing easy
19:22:45or hard work?
19:22:52The landing is hard work.
19:22:58When does the plane stop?
19:23:07The plane stops
19:23:09just in time.
19:23:13Well done.
19:23:18>> Charles Doohig tells this story in his
19:23:21book, Smarter, Faster, Better.
19:23:36He says the captain had a strong mental
19:23:41model.
19:23:44A model is a clear picture in the head.
19:24:09Did the captain have a strong mental
19:24:12model?
19:24:23Yes,
19:24:25the captain had a strong mental model.
19:24:31Is a model a clear picture
19:24:35or a loud sound?
19:24:39[clears throat]
19:24:45A model is a clear picture in the head.
19:24:51Who tells this story?
19:25:03Charles Doohig tells this story
19:25:07in his book, Smarter,
19:25:10Faster, Better.
19:25:18>> When everything is noise, you need one
19:25:23simple picture.
19:25:27Then you follow it.
19:25:44English can feel like that plane.
19:25:49Too many rules,
19:25:52too many words.
19:25:55You forget to breathe.
19:26:18When everything is noise, do you need
19:26:22many pictures?
19:26:33No.
19:26:36You need one simple picture,
19:26:42then you follow it.
19:26:46Can English feel like that big plane
19:26:51or like a quiet day?
19:27:00English can feel like that plane.
19:27:06What do you forget to do?
19:27:14You forget
19:27:16to breathe.
19:27:20Congratulations.
19:27:25So here is a simple recipe.
19:27:30First
19:27:32stop
19:27:34and breathe.
19:27:49Next, pick one small goal for today.
19:27:55Just one.
19:28:07Ask only this.
19:28:10Can I say this one thing
19:28:14clearly?
19:28:27Fly the small plane first.
19:28:32The big one will follow.
19:28:52Let's jump into it.
19:28:54>> Is the first step to stop and breathe.
19:29:08Yes.
19:29:10First
19:29:12stop
19:29:14and breathe.
19:29:16Do you pick one small goal or many
19:29:20goals?
19:29:30Pick one small goal for today.
19:29:36Just one.
19:29:38Which plane do you fly first?
19:29:50Fly the small plane first.
19:29:55The big one will follow
19:30:05the grammar we practice today. Present
19:30:08continuous.
19:30:10>> A giant plane is leaving Singapore for
19:30:13Sydney.
19:30:16Five pilots are sitting at the front.
19:30:21Loud alarms are ringing.
19:30:25Fuel is leaking from the wing.
19:30:34Congratulations.
19:30:36You practiced 351
19:30:39words in this story and you learned a
19:30:42lot.
19:31:09Great job.
19:31:46And let's keep going.
19:31:55Warren Buffett Warren Buffett
19:32:00comes
19:32:13like snowball.
19:32:21Oh my god.
19:32:23Warren
19:32:43every page.
19:32:46Every page from the book The Snowball by
19:32:50Alice Schroeder.
19:32:53Boring.
19:32:55Edge.
19:32:57Skip.
19:32:59Middle.
19:33:01Slow.
19:33:03Manual.
19:33:05Dictionary.
19:33:08Climb.
19:33:10Patient.
19:33:12Detail.
19:33:161951,
19:33:20a young man comes home to Omaha
19:33:25in the middle of America.
19:33:43His name is Warren Buffett.
19:33:48He is 21
19:33:50and he studied investing in New York.
19:34:16Does the young man come home to Omaha?
19:34:29Yes.
19:34:32A young man comes home to Omaha
19:34:38in the middle of America.
19:34:42Did he study investing
19:34:45in New York
19:34:47or in Omaha?
19:34:54He studied investing in New York.
19:34:59How old is he?
19:35:06He is 21.
19:35:15Now he works in his father's small
19:35:19office.
19:35:21He sells company shares to people.
19:35:39He wants to find good companies at low
19:35:43prices.
19:35:46Where are they?
19:36:06Does he work in his father's office?
19:36:19Yes.
19:36:21Now he works in his father's small
19:36:26office.
19:36:28Does he sell shares
19:36:31or buy books?
19:36:40He sells company shares to people.
19:36:45What does he want to find?
19:36:57He wants to find good companies
19:37:02at low prices.
19:37:09Let's jump into
19:37:14Let's keep it up.
19:37:16>> On a shelf in the office, there are some
19:37:19very big books.
19:37:32They are Moody's manuals.
19:37:35They have thousands of pages
19:37:39with very small letters.
19:37:57Each page gives the numbers of one
19:38:00company.
19:38:09>> Now it's your turn. Answer the
19:38:12questions.
19:38:14Are the books on the shelf small?
19:38:26No,
19:38:28they are very big books.
19:38:33Are they Moody's manuals
19:38:36or dictionaries?
19:38:43They are Moody's manuals.
19:38:48What does each page give?
19:38:58Each page gives the numbers of one
19:39:03company.
19:39:09Usually people use these manuals like a
19:39:12dictionary.
19:39:14They look up one name and close the
19:39:18book.
19:39:31He does not use them like a dictionary.
19:39:37He starts at the first page.
19:39:54>> Great.
19:39:58Does he use the manuals like a
19:40:01dictionary?
19:40:10No,
19:40:12he does not use them like a dictionary.
19:40:17Do people usually read every page
19:40:22or look up one name?
19:40:31Usually people look up one name and
19:40:35close the book.
19:40:38Where does he start?
19:40:46He starts at the first page.
19:40:52>> Fabulous. Let's keep it up.
19:40:55>> Listen.
19:40:58Turn a page. Read the numbers.
19:41:03Turn a page. Read the numbers.
19:41:21Week after week he is reading every
19:41:25page.
19:41:28He skips nothing.
19:41:47Does he skip any pages?
19:41:58No,
19:42:00he skips nothing.
19:42:03Is he skipping pages
19:42:07or reading every page?
19:42:17He is reading every page.
19:42:23What is he doing week after week,
19:42:36week after week,
19:42:39he is reading every page
19:42:50he reads one big book from start to
19:42:54finish.
19:42:56Then he reads it again.
19:43:11It is slow, boring work.
19:43:15And he is patient.
19:43:20Nobody watches him.
19:43:36>> Awesome. Wait, let's go.
19:43:39>> Is the work fast?
19:43:50No,
19:43:52it is slow,
19:43:54boring work.
19:43:57Is he patient
19:44:00or angry?
19:44:09He is patient.
19:44:12Nobody watches him.
19:44:15How does he read the big book?
19:44:28He reads it from start to finish.
19:44:33Then he reads it again.
19:44:42Then in the middle of a book,
19:44:48>> he stops at one page.
19:45:06It is a small company in Fort Scott, a
19:45:12town in Kansas.
19:45:32Does he stop in the middle of a book?
19:45:45Yes.
19:45:47In the middle of a book, he stops at one
19:45:52page.
19:45:54Is the company big or small?
19:46:06It is a small company in Fort Scott.
19:46:12Where is Fort Scott?
19:46:21Fort Scott is a town in Kansas.
19:46:27>> That's amazing.
19:46:31Very few people know its name.
19:46:36Almost nobody is looking at it.
19:46:51The numbers are strange.
19:46:56The price of one share is low.
19:47:17Is anybody looking at the company?
19:47:27No,
19:47:30almost nobody is looking at it.
19:47:34Is the price of one share high or low?
19:47:46The price of one share is low.
19:47:52What are the numbers like?
19:48:00The numbers are strange.
19:48:08>> But in one year, each share
19:48:12almost its full price.
19:48:26It is like buying a shop for one year of
19:48:30its profit.
19:48:46Is it like buying a car?
19:48:58No.
19:49:00It is like buying a shop
19:49:04for one year of its profit.
19:49:09Does each share earn a little or almost
19:49:14its full price?
19:49:25In one year, each share earns almost its
19:49:31full price.
19:49:34When does each share earn almost its
19:49:38full price?
19:49:48Each share earns almost its full price
19:49:54in one year.
19:49:59>> All right, back to the story.
19:50:02He buys the shares.
19:50:07Later he writes about the company in a
19:50:11business newspaper.
19:50:28In the next years, the price climbs much
19:50:32higher.
19:50:41Alice Schroeder's book, The Snowball,
19:50:46shows these slow, quiet years.
19:51:05How?
19:51:09Does he buy the shares?
19:51:20Yes,
19:51:22he buys the shares.
19:51:27Does the price climb or fall?
19:51:39In the next years, the price climbs much
19:51:44higher.
19:51:46Where does he write about the company?
19:51:57He writes about the company in a
19:52:00business newspaper.
19:52:06That's great.
19:52:10>> His edge was not a secret.
19:52:15It was boring work that others did not
19:52:20want to do.
19:52:37Your English has big books, too.
19:52:42A word list,
19:52:44a grammar book,
19:52:47a book of practice tests.
19:53:12Was his edge a secret?
19:53:24No,
19:53:26his edge was not a secret.
19:53:31Was his edge boring work
19:53:35or luck?
19:53:46It was boring work that others did not
19:53:52want to do.
19:53:55What big books does your English have?
19:54:08Your English has a word list, a grammar
19:54:11book, and a book of practice tests.
19:54:21>> Most learners open them, read a little,
19:54:25and close them.
19:54:36Maybe you are skipping the hard pages.
19:54:42Be patient.
19:54:55Awesome.
19:54:58Do most learners read every page?
19:55:12No.
19:55:15[clears throat] Most learners open them,
19:55:18read a little, and close them.
19:55:23Are you skipping the easy pages
19:55:27or the hard pages?
19:55:38Maybe you are skipping the hard pages.
19:55:43What should you be?
19:55:49Be patient.
19:55:56And let's continue.
19:55:58Go page by page,
19:56:01detail by detail.
19:56:06Your English climbs slowly
19:56:12with nobody watching.
19:56:17Here
19:56:29is a rule to keep.
19:56:33Your edge is the boring page that others
19:56:38skip.
19:56:58Let's jump into it.
19:57:00>> Does your English climb fast?
19:57:12No,
19:57:14your English climbs slowly
19:57:18with nobody watching.
19:57:22Do you go page by page or skip to the
19:57:27end?
19:57:37Go page by page,
19:57:40detail by detail.
19:57:45What is your edge?
19:57:55Your edge is the boring page that others
19:58:00skip.
19:58:09The grammar we practice today, present
19:58:11simple versus present continuous. He
19:58:15sells company shares to people.
19:58:20He starts at the first page.
19:58:26In the next years, the price climbs much
19:58:29higher.
19:58:32Week after week he is reading every
19:58:35page.
19:58:42Congratulations.
19:58:44You practiced 354
19:58:47words in this story and you learned a
19:58:50lot.
19:58:53Awesome.
19:59:10How to stop worrying and start living?
19:59:34>> [laughter]
19:59:42>> Full of mistakes.
19:59:45Full of mistakes. From the book How to
19:59:48Stop Worrying and Start Living by Dale
19:59:51Cariegi.
19:59:54Rude.
19:59:56Correct.
19:59:58Tear.
20:00:00Become
20:00:02key.
20:00:04Experiment.
20:00:07Critic.
20:00:09Foolish.
20:00:11Insult.
20:00:14Grateful.
20:00:17A man needed a job.
20:00:23He had no money
20:00:25and no work.
20:00:41His name was George Rona.
20:00:45He was a lawyer from Vienna.
20:01:14Did the man have a job?
20:01:26No,
20:01:29he had no money and no work.
20:01:34Was George Rona a lawyer or a doctor?
20:01:46He was a lawyer from Vienna.
20:01:51What did the man need?
20:01:59A man needed a job.
20:02:05Awesome.
20:02:08Dale Cariegi tells his story.
20:02:13It is in how to stop worrying and start
20:02:18living.
20:02:34During the Second World War, he had to
20:02:37go to Sweden.
20:02:51Can
20:02:53>> does Dale Cariegi tell his story?
20:03:05Yes.
20:03:08Dale Cariggi tells his story.
20:03:13Did he go to Sweden
20:03:16or to America?
20:03:27During the Second World War,
20:03:30he had to go to Sweden.
20:03:35Where can you read the story?
20:03:46It is in how to stop worrying and start
20:03:52living.
20:04:00>> He could speak and write many languages.
20:04:05So he had an idea.
20:04:20He wanted to write business letters for
20:04:24big companies in Sweden.
20:04:41speaking.
20:04:43Could he speak many languages?
20:04:56>> Yes,
20:04:57he could speak and write many languages.
20:05:03Did he want to write letters
20:05:07or sell books?
20:05:14He wanted to write business letters.
20:05:19Who did he want to write letters for?
20:05:30He wanted to write letters for big
20:05:34companies in Sweden.
20:05:38>> I'm super proud of you.
20:05:43>> He sent letters to many companies.
20:05:49Most of them said no.
20:06:03Then one man sent him a very rude
20:06:07answer.
20:06:18>> Awesome.
20:06:19Let's go.
20:06:21Did one man send him a kind answer?
20:06:35No.
20:06:37One man sent him a very rude answer.
20:06:43Did most of them say yes
20:06:47or no?
20:06:53Most of them said no.
20:06:57What did one man send him?
20:07:07One man sent him a very rude answer.
20:07:18The man insulted him.
20:07:21He called George wrong and foolish.
20:07:28He did not need him.
20:07:46And he wrote this, "Your letter is full
20:07:50of mistakes.
20:08:08Did the man insult him?
20:08:19>> Yes.
20:08:22The man insulted him.
20:08:26Did the man call George clever
20:08:30or foolish?
20:08:40He called George wrong and foolish.
20:08:47What was full of mistakes?
20:08:56His letter was full of mistakes.
20:09:07George was very angry.
20:09:11[sighs and gasps]
20:09:11He wanted to insult him back.
20:09:26So he wrote an angry letter back.
20:09:31Then he stopped.
20:09:53Did George want to thank him?
20:10:03No,
20:10:05he wanted to insult him back.
20:10:10Did he write a kind letter
20:10:14or an angry letter?
20:10:23He wrote an angry letter back.
20:10:28What did he do then?
20:10:36Then
20:10:38he stopped.
20:10:47>> Now think about George for a moment.
20:10:52Would you send it or tear it up?
20:11:10Most of us want to fight back.
20:11:15Nobody wants to look foolish.
20:11:30Now it's your turn. Answer the
20:11:32questions.
20:11:34>> Does anybody want to look foolish?
20:11:44No.
20:11:46Nobody wants to look foolish.
20:11:50Do most of us want to fight back
20:11:55or say thank you.
20:12:03Most of us want to fight back.
20:12:08What can George do with the angry
20:12:11letter?
20:12:19He can send it
20:12:22or tear it up.
20:12:26>> That's amazing.
20:12:30>> Then George had a new thought.
20:12:36Maybe this man
20:12:39was right.
20:12:54Swedish was not his first language.
20:13:00Maybe he really did make mistakes.
20:13:18speaking.
20:13:23>> Was Swedish his first language?
20:13:36No.
20:13:38Swedish was not his first language.
20:13:42Was this man right
20:13:45or wrong?
20:13:53Maybe this man was right.
20:13:57What new thought did George have?
20:14:08Maybe he really did make mistakes.
20:14:17>> So he tore up the angry letter.
20:14:24He wrote a new one.
20:14:38In the new letter, he thanked him.
20:14:43He said he was grateful.
20:14:52Awesome.
20:15:06Did he send the angry letter?
20:15:18No,
20:15:20he tore up the angry letter.
20:15:25Did he tear it up or send it?
20:15:39He tore it up.
20:15:43He wrote a new one.
20:15:47What did he say in the new letter?
20:15:58He thanked him.
20:16:01He said he was grateful.
20:16:05>> Extraordinary. Let's keep it up.
20:16:09He said it was kind of him to write back
20:16:13at all.
20:16:21He was sorry for his mistakes.
20:16:25He wanted to study Swedish more.
20:16:44Was he sorry for his mistakes?
20:16:55Yes,
20:16:57he was sorry for his mistakes.
20:17:01Did he want to study Swedish more
20:17:06or less?
20:17:14He wanted to study Swedish more.
20:17:20What was kind of the man?
20:17:28It was kind of him to write back at it
20:17:31all.
20:17:36>> He sent the letter.
20:17:40A few days later, a new letter came.
20:17:56The man asked George to come and see
20:18:00him.
20:18:08George went to meet him
20:18:13and he got a job.
20:18:31Did the man ask George to see him?
20:18:45Yes.
20:18:47The man asked George to come and see
20:18:50him.
20:18:53Did George get a job
20:18:56or another rude letter.
20:19:09George went to meet him
20:19:13and he got a job.
20:19:17When did a new letter come?
20:19:26A few days later,
20:19:29a new letter came.
20:19:38>> The rude critic did not become his
20:19:41enemy.
20:19:43He became his boss.
20:19:59The rude letter became a key.
20:20:03The key to his job.
20:20:19Let's jump into it.
20:20:22>> Did the rude critic become his enemy?
20:20:36No.
20:20:38The rude critic did not become his
20:20:42enemy.
20:20:44Did he become his boss
20:20:47or his friend?
20:20:55He became his boss.
20:21:00What did the rude letter become?
20:21:12The rude letter became a key.
20:21:17The key to his job.
20:21:26>> A person who finds your mistakes is not
20:21:30only a critic.
20:21:34They can be your teacher.
20:21:52When you learn English, people will
20:21:55correct you.
20:21:59Some will not be kind.
20:22:15Great.
20:22:19>> Is a person who finds your mistakes
20:22:23only a critic?
20:22:34No,
20:22:37they can be your teacher.
20:22:42Will people corrupt you
20:22:45or ignore you?
20:22:54When you learn English, people will
20:22:58correct you.
20:23:01Who can be your teacher?
20:23:12A person who finds your mistakes
20:23:16can be your teacher.
20:23:20>> That's amazing.
20:23:22Yellow. Let's jump into
20:23:26>> Try a small experiment this week.
20:23:32When someone corrects your English,
20:23:36be grateful.
20:23:39Thank them.
20:23:55Then write the correct sentence down.
20:24:01Watch what the experiment does to your
20:24:05English
20:24:08and to them.
20:24:25Final round.
20:24:31>> When someone corrects you, do you thank
20:24:35them?
20:24:44Yes.
20:24:47When someone corrects your English,
20:24:51thank them.
20:24:53Should you be angry or grateful?
20:25:05Be grateful.
20:25:09Thank them.
20:25:12What small experiment can you try?
20:25:25Thank them.
20:25:28Then write the correct sentence down.
20:25:40The grammar we practiced today, object
20:25:44pronouns.
20:25:46Then one man sent him a very rude
20:25:49answer.
20:25:52The man insulted him.
20:25:56He wanted to insult him back.
20:26:01Would you send it or tear it up?
20:26:10Congratulations.
20:26:12You practiced 350 words in this story
20:26:16and you learned a lot.
20:26:20That's amazing. Awesome.
20:26:31Amazing
20:26:42live.
20:26:44[laughter]
20:27:04I'm
20:27:0734 years old. I have a bachelor's degree
20:27:10in an accountant at Yumba University.
20:27:13Also, I have associate degree in an
20:27:15accounting associate degree uh and
20:27:18financial management. I'm currently
20:27:21working at Basatian Food Saudi Arabia as
20:27:23a bable accountant. Uh, I've been work
20:27:27in the accounting field for over six
20:27:30years. Uh,
20:27:33that's it. That's amazing. Wow. Wow.
20:27:35Okay.
20:27:45foreign.
20:28:05Okay.
20:28:39Yeah. Yeah. Yeah.
20:28:53foreign.
20:29:07foreign.
20:29:27So, alhamdulillah.
20:29:41Alhamdulillah.
20:30:13Oh wow. Okay.
20:30:22Exactly.
20:30:45for him.
20:31:02Oh.
20:31:11interview.
20:31:32I was going to go tell
20:32:04Uhhuh.
20:32:14foreign.
20:33:04But you know foreign.
20:33:34foreign.
20:34:02Uh
20:34:06Okay.
20:34:25I saychech.
20:34:48Okay. Okay. Okay.
20:35:17Alhamdulillah.
20:35:33Yeah. Kef
20:35:37wasn't
20:36:03More
20:36:29talked about a bit.
20:36:34Uhhuh.
20:36:39[laughter]
20:36:44Uh
20:37:08diabetic. for
20:37:20[laughter]
20:37:31the mom.
20:37:35foreign.
20:37:41Yeah.
20:37:52Tell them cat.
20:37:58Yeah.
20:38:15Fatherchech.
20:38:46more options.
20:39:19Oh,
20:39:38no.
20:39:43I'll be able
20:40:15Mhm.
20:40:21Mhm.
20:40:33Okay. [laughter]
20:40:54Yeah.
20:41:06Alhamdulillah.
20:41:16[laughter]
20:41:28of the norm.
20:41:44[laughter]
20:41:46What's up? Um,
20:42:18Okay.
20:42:21Yeah.
20:42:25Yeah.
20:42:41Wow.
20:42:51Okay.
20:43:01Five.
20:43:13Alhamdulillah.
20:43:31family.
20:43:48Mhm.
20:43:58Sorech.
20:44:19Breathe
20:44:20in.
20:44:31foreign.
20:45:13More
20:45:15ofch. foreign.
20:45:42Okay.
20:45:45Yeah.
20:46:02Alhamdulillah.
20:46:13Yeah.
20:46:44Alhamdulillah.
20:47:00Yeah.
20:47:05I will see you.
20:47:35Good luck.
20:47:43More
20:47:51[snorts]
20:47:54[clears throat]
20:48:12speech.
20:48:22Home.
20:48:41Good.
20:48:54I didn't say
20:49:17Yes. Awesome.
20:49:45Alab,
20:49:57the seven habits of highly effective
20:50:00people.
20:50:02forchech.
20:50:34The noisy train.
20:50:37>> The noisy train from the book The Seven
20:50:40Habits of Highly Effective People by
20:50:43Steven R. Cavi.
20:50:47Passenger.
20:50:49Judge
20:50:51control.
20:50:53Lazy.
20:50:56Subway.
20:50:58Polite.
20:51:00Noisy.
20:51:02Shout.
20:51:05Seat.
20:51:07Behavior.
20:51:10It was a quiet Sunday morning
20:51:13in New York.
20:51:23Passengers sat in their seats on the
20:51:25subway.
20:51:28Some read the newspaper.
20:51:31Some rested.
20:51:59Was it a noisy morning?
20:52:11No,
20:52:13it was a quiet Sunday morning in New
20:52:18York.
20:52:20Did passengers sit on a bus
20:52:25or on the subway?
20:52:35Passengers sat in their seats on the
20:52:38subway.
20:52:41What did some passengers read?
20:52:50Some read the newspaper.
20:53:00One passenger was Steven Kovi. Years
20:53:06later, he wrote about this morning.
20:53:25You can read it in the seven habits of
20:53:29highly effective people.
20:53:44Great.
20:53:48>> Was Steven Cvy a passenger?
20:54:00Yes.
20:54:02One passenger was Steven Cvy.
20:54:08Did he write about this morning
20:54:12or forget it?
20:54:21Years later,
20:54:24he wrote about this morning.
20:54:29Where can you read it?
20:54:40You can read it in the seven habits of
20:54:43highly effective people.
20:54:52>> At one stop, a man got on the subway
20:54:57with his children.
20:55:10In a moment the quiet was gone.
20:55:15The children were very noisy.
20:55:33is speaking.
20:55:36Did the man get on the subway alone?
20:55:50No.
20:55:52A man got on the subway with his
20:55:55children.
20:55:58Were the children quiet
20:56:01or noisy?
20:56:09The children were very noisy.
20:56:15What happened to the quiet?
20:56:23In a moment,
20:56:26the quiet was gone.
20:56:30>> Congratulations. Let's keep going.
20:56:34>> They ran up and down.
20:56:37They threw things.
20:56:39They pulled at people's newspapers.
20:56:55The father took the seat next to Kovi.
20:57:01He closed his eyes.
20:57:16Let's jump into it.
20:57:19>> Did the father close his eyes?
20:57:28>> Yes.
20:57:30He closed his eyes.
20:57:34Did the father take the seat next to
20:57:37Cavi or stand?
20:57:48The father took the seat next to Cavy.
20:57:54Whose newspapers did the children pull
20:57:57at?
20:58:04They pulled at people's newspapers.
20:58:14He did nothing.
20:58:19He did not control his children.
20:58:35The children kept shouting.
20:58:40Minutes passed.
20:58:44The father still sat there.
20:59:10Did the father control his children?
20:59:22No,
20:59:25he did not control his children.
20:59:30Did the children stop
20:59:33or keep shouting?
20:59:41The children kept shouting.
20:59:45What did the father do?
20:59:57He did nothing.
21:00:01The father still sat there.
21:00:06>> That's amazing.
21:00:10>> The passengers were angry at the
21:00:13children's behavior.
21:00:16Kovi was angry, too.
21:00:31Now, what do you think of this father?
21:00:37Be honest.
21:00:52Were the passengers angry?
21:01:04Yes.
21:01:06The passengers were angry at the
21:01:09children's behavior.
21:01:13Was CVY calm
21:01:16or angry too?
21:01:23CVY was angry too.
21:01:27Whose behavior were the passengers angry
21:01:30at?
21:01:38They were angry at the children's
21:01:42behavior.
21:01:50>> Maybe you think he was a lazy father.
21:01:56Maybe he was not polite.
21:02:10Kobe thought the same.
21:02:14After some time, he turned to the man.
21:02:33Did Kavi think the same?
21:02:43Yes.
21:02:45Kavi thought the same.
21:02:48Did KVY turn to the man
21:02:52or to the children?
21:03:01After some time
21:03:04he turned to the man.
21:03:07What do you think of the father?
21:03:19Maybe you think he was a lazy father.
21:03:25Maybe he was not polite.
21:03:35>> He asked him politely
21:03:38to control his children a little.
21:03:52The father's eyes opened slowly.
21:03:57He looked at the children.
21:04:14Did Cave ask him politely?
21:04:26Yes.
21:04:28He asked him politely
21:04:32to control his children a little.
21:04:36Did the father's eyes open quickly
21:04:41or slowly?
21:04:48The father's eyes opened slowly.
21:04:54What did KVY ask him to do?
21:05:04He asked him to control his children a
21:05:08little.
21:05:13>> He said Kavi was right.
21:05:17He said he [snorts] had to do something.
21:05:30Then he spoke quietly.
21:05:34He said they came from the hospital.
21:05:52Let's jump into it.
21:05:54Did he say Kovi was wrong?
21:05:57[clears throat]
21:06:05No,
21:06:08he said Kovi was right.
21:06:12Did they come from the hospital
21:06:15or from school?
21:06:22He said they came from the hospital.
21:06:27How did he speak?
21:06:33He spoke quietly.
21:06:37>> I'm super proud of you.
21:06:42The children's mother died there
21:06:46about 1 hour before.
21:06:58He did not know what to think.
21:07:03The children did not know either.
21:07:22Did the children's mother die?
21:07:34Yes.
21:07:37The children's mother died there about 1
21:07:41hour before.
21:07:44Did she die 1 hour before
21:07:48or 1 year before?
21:07:57She died about one hour before.
21:08:03What did the father not know?
21:08:10He did not know what to think.
21:08:20>> In one second,
21:08:23everything in Kav's mind was different.
21:08:37The children were still noisy.
21:08:40They were still shouting.
21:08:50But Cave was not angry anymore.
21:08:56He felt [snorts] the man's pain.
21:09:00Was
21:09:15Kovi still angry?
21:09:25No,
21:09:28Kovi was not angry anymore.
21:09:32Were the children quiet
21:09:35or still noisy?
21:09:46The children were still noisy.
21:09:50They were still shouting.
21:09:54Whose pain did Kovi feel?
21:10:02He felt the man's pain.
21:10:11>> He asked the man about his wife.
21:10:15He asked how he could help.
21:10:27He could see the full picture now.
21:10:33And the full picture
21:10:35changed everything.
21:10:52Now it's your turn. Answer the
21:10:54questions.
21:10:56>> Did he ask how he could help?
21:11:07Yes,
21:11:09he asked how he could help.
21:11:14Did he ask about the man's wife or the
21:11:18man's work?
21:11:25He asked the man about his wife.
21:11:30What could he see now?
21:11:38He could see the full picture. Now,
21:11:44>> extraordinary. Let's keep it up.
21:11:48>> We judge a person's behavior from one
21:11:51small piece of their day.
21:12:03We see the noise.
21:12:07We do not see the hospital.
21:12:26Do we see the hospital?
21:12:38No,
21:12:40we see the noise.
21:12:44We do not see the hospital.
21:12:48Do we judge from one small piece
21:12:54or from the full picture?
21:13:05We judge a person's behavior
21:13:09from one small piece of their day.
21:13:14What do we see?
21:13:21We see the noise.
21:13:26Congratulations.
21:13:31>> Understand first.
21:13:35Judge later if you still need to.
21:13:50Think of one person who seemed lazy to
21:13:54you this week.
21:14:03Don't ask what is wrong with this
21:14:05person.
21:14:08Ask what don't I know?
21:14:28Let's jump into it.
21:14:31>> Should you judge first?
21:14:42No,
21:14:45understand first.
21:14:50Judge later
21:14:52if you still need to.
21:14:56Should you ask what is wrong or what you
21:15:00don't know?
21:15:08Ask what don't I know?
21:15:14Who should you think of?
21:15:25Think of one person who seemed lazy to
21:15:30you this week.
21:15:39The grammar we practice today,
21:15:42possessive e.
21:15:44They pulled at people's newspapers.
21:15:49The passengers were angry at the
21:15:51children's behavior.
21:15:54The father's eyes opened slowly.
21:15:59The children's mother died there about 1
21:16:02hour before.
21:16:10Congratulations.
21:16:12You practiced 338 words in this story
21:16:17and you learned a lot.
21:16:38It's all working.
21:16:58>> [laughter]
21:17:02>> How to win friends and influence people.
21:17:28It really helps.
21:17:4150,000 names.
21:17:4450,000
21:17:45Names
21:17:47from the book How to Win Friends and
21:17:49Influence People by Dale Cariegi.
21:17:53Thousand
21:17:56brick
21:17:58president.
21:18:00Goodbye.
21:18:02State
21:18:04probably
21:18:0750
21:18:09election.
21:18:11Greet
21:18:13campaign.
21:18:16At 10,
21:18:18a boy lost his father.
21:18:23At 10:00, he went to work.
21:18:40He worked in a brickyard,
21:18:43a place where people make bricks.
21:19:05Did the boy lose his father at 10?
21:19:18Yes.
21:19:21At 10, a boy lost his father.
21:19:26At 10, did he go to school or to work
21:19:38at 10? He went to work.
21:19:42Where did he work?
21:19:52He worked in a brickyard,
21:19:55a place where people make bricks.
21:20:03>> All day he carried sand and put it into
21:20:07shapes for bricks.
21:20:19He never went to high school.
21:20:24He did not have much money.
21:20:44Did he go to high school?
21:20:52No.
21:20:55He never went to high school.
21:20:58Did he carry sand
21:21:01or books all day?
21:21:13All day he carried sand and put it into
21:21:18shapes for bricks.
21:21:22What did he not have?
21:21:28He did not have much money.
21:21:37He had one small gift.
21:21:42People liked him. [laughter]
21:21:54And he made that gift stronger
21:21:58with one simple habit.
21:22:14Did people like him?
21:22:22Yes,
21:22:24people liked him.
21:22:28Was his gift big or small?
21:22:37He had one small gift.
21:22:42How did he make that gift stronger?
21:22:54He made that gift stronger with one
21:22:59simple habit.
21:23:09When he met a new person,
21:23:12he asked for their full name.
21:23:27He also asked about their family, their
21:23:30work and their ideas.
21:23:50Did he ask for their full name?
21:24:01Yes,
21:24:04he asked for their full name.
21:24:08Did he ask about their family or their
21:24:11money?
21:24:21He asked about their family, their work,
21:24:26and their ideas.
21:24:29When did he ask for their name?
21:24:41When he met a new person, he asked for
21:24:46their full name.
21:24:53Let's jump into
21:24:57Let's keep it up.
21:24:59>> He kept all of it in his head like a
21:25:03picture.
21:25:12A year later, he met the same person
21:25:15again.
21:25:29>> Did he meet the same person again?
21:25:42Yes.
21:25:45A year later,
21:25:47he met the same person again.
21:25:52Did he keep the names on paper
21:25:57or in his head?
21:26:04He kept all of it in his head.
21:26:08What did he keep in his head?
21:26:20He kept all of it in his head
21:26:24like a picture.
21:26:28>> Well done. Yeah, I'm coming.
21:26:32>> He greeted them by name
21:26:35and asked about their family by name.
21:26:52People were surprised.
21:26:55>> [laughter]
21:26:56>> They felt important
21:26:58and they liked him even more.
21:27:22Did he greet them by name?
21:27:32Yes,
21:27:34he greeted them by name.
21:27:39Were people angry or surprised?
21:27:48People
21:27:54were surprised.
21:27:58They felt important.
21:28:01How did he greet them?
21:28:12He greeted them by name
21:28:15and asked about their family by name.
21:28:28>> Years later, a writer asked him the
21:28:32secret [clears throat] of his success.
21:28:43hard work, he said.
21:28:48The writer did not believe it was so
21:28:50simple.
21:29:10Did the writer believe it was so simple?
21:29:22No,
21:29:24the writer did not believe it was so
21:29:27simple.
21:29:29Was his secret luck
21:29:33or hard work?
21:29:41His secret was hard work.
21:29:45who asked him the secret of his success.
21:29:58A writer asked him the secret of his
21:30:03success.
21:30:10The writer said he heard the man knew
21:30:1410,000
21:30:15names.
21:30:26He answered, "No,
21:30:30you are wrong.
21:30:33I can call 50,000
21:30:37people by their first names.
21:31:01Did the man know only 10,000 names?
21:31:15No,
21:31:18he could call 50,000 people by their
21:31:23first names.
21:31:25Could he call 10,000
21:31:29or 50,000 people by name?
21:31:39by their first names.
21:31:44What did the writer hear?
21:31:53He heard the man knew 10,000 names.
21:32:00>> Fabulous. Let's keep it up.
21:32:03>> Later, he helped a man run for
21:32:07president.
21:32:09It [cheering] was a big campaign.
21:32:26For the campaign, he traveled to 20
21:32:29states.
21:32:32In each state,
21:32:34he met people
21:32:51Great.
21:32:56Did he help a man run for president?
21:33:08Yes,
21:33:10he helped a man run for president.
21:33:15Was it a big campaign
21:33:19or a small campaign?
21:33:27It was a big campaign.
21:33:31How many states did he travel to?
21:33:42For the campaign,
21:33:44he traveled to 20 states.
21:33:54Later he wrote to each of them by name.
21:34:08That man was Franklin Roosevelt.
21:34:12He won the election and became
21:34:16president.
21:34:35Did the man win the election?
21:34:47Yes,
21:34:49he won the election and became
21:34:54president.
21:34:56Did he write to them by number
21:35:00or by name?
21:35:08He wrote to each of them by name.
21:35:13Who was that man?
21:35:21That man was Franklin Roosevelt.
21:35:29>> That's great.
21:35:33The election was his
21:35:36and the boy,
21:35:40you probably do not know his name.
21:35:57His name was Jim Farley.
21:36:0350,000
21:36:05people knew it
21:36:07because he knew theirs.
21:36:28Was
21:36:34the election his?
21:36:44Yes,
21:36:46the election was his.
21:36:49Do you know the boy's name
21:36:53or not?
21:36:59You probably do not know his name.
21:37:04Why did 50,000 people know his name?
21:37:1850,000 people knew it
21:37:21because he knew theirs.
21:37:30Farley knew what each person loves to
21:37:34hear most,
21:37:36their own name.
21:37:50Here is a simple recipe for this week.
21:38:02How
21:38:07did Farley know what each person loves
21:38:11to hear?
21:38:21Yes.
21:38:24Farley knew what each person loves to
21:38:28hear most.
21:38:32Is the recipe for this week
21:38:35or next year?
21:38:44Here is a simple recipe for this week.
21:38:49What does each person love to hear most?
21:39:02Each person loves [clears throat] to
21:39:04hear
21:39:06their own name.
21:39:10>> All right, back to the story.
21:39:14>> Greet someone new and give your name.
21:39:19Then ask for theirs and say it back.
21:39:37Ask one question about their life and
21:39:41listen to the answer.
21:39:57speaking.
21:40:00After you give your name, do you ask for
21:40:04theirs?
21:40:14Yes.
21:40:17Give your name
21:40:20then ask for theirs.
21:40:24Do you greet someone new
21:40:27or only old friends?
21:40:36Greet someone new and give your name.
21:40:42What do you ask about?
21:40:54Ask one question about their life
21:40:58and listen to the answer.
21:41:02>> Congratulations.
21:41:08When you say goodbye,
21:41:10use the name again.
21:41:14Not yours.
21:41:17Theirs.
21:41:33After the goodbye, write the name down
21:41:37with one thing you learned.
21:41:49Dale Carnegie put Farley in his famous
21:41:53book.
21:41:56Next time, the name people remember
21:42:02will probably be
21:42:04yours.
21:42:26Let's jump into it.
21:42:28>> When you say goodbye,
21:42:31do you use your name?
21:42:42No,
21:42:44not yours.
21:42:48Theirs.
21:42:50Do you write the name down before
21:42:54or after the goodbye.
21:43:03After the goodbye,
21:43:06write the name down.
21:43:09Whose name will people probably remember
21:43:13next time?
21:43:23Next time,
21:43:25the name people remember will probably
21:43:29be
21:43:31yours.
21:43:40The grammar we practice today,
21:43:43possessive pronouns. The election was
21:43:46his.
21:43:4950,000 people knew it because he knew
21:43:53theirs.
21:43:56Then ask for theirs and say it back,
21:44:02not yours.
21:44:10Congratulations.
21:44:12You practiced 347
21:44:15words in this story. And you learned a
21:44:18lot.
21:44:51This is amazing.
21:44:54Can't hurt me.
21:44:58Extreme
21:45:30Okay.
21:45:49The Easy Excuse.
21:45:51The Easy Excuse from the book Can't Hurt
21:45:55Me by David Gogggins.
21:45:59Excuse
21:46:02blood.
21:46:04Rescue.
21:46:06Danger.
21:46:08Medical.
21:46:11Join.
21:46:13Gain
21:46:15ashamed.
21:46:18partly
21:46:20swimmer.
21:46:23A young man
21:46:26quit.
21:46:29He had a good [clears throat] reason.
21:46:46Or did he
21:46:50Keep that question
21:46:53for now.
21:47:05His name is David Gogggins.
21:47:10After school, he joined the American Air
21:47:14Force.
21:47:29Awesome.
21:47:35More. Okay, let's go.
21:47:38>> Did the young man
21:47:41quit?
21:47:51Yes,
21:47:53the young man quit.
21:47:57He had a good reason.
21:48:00Did he join the Air Force
21:48:04or a school team?
21:48:13He joined the American Air Force.
21:48:19Who quit?
21:48:30A young man quit.
21:48:34His name is David Gogggins.
21:48:46He wanted to [snorts] join a special
21:48:48rescue team.
21:48:51They save people in danger.
21:49:06The training was very hard.
21:49:11He was strong and he ran well.
21:49:32Did he want to join a rescue team?
21:49:45Yes. He wanted to join a special rescue
21:49:51team.
21:49:54>> [laughter]
21:49:54>> Was the training hard
21:49:58or easy?
21:50:05The training was very hard.
21:50:10Who does the rescue team save?
21:50:20They save people in danger.
21:50:26>> I'm super proud of you.
21:50:31>> There was one big problem.
21:50:35The water.
21:50:38He was afraid of it.
21:50:52He was not a good swimmer.
21:50:57Every water test made his heart race.
21:51:18speaking skills.
21:51:20>> Was he a good swimmer?
21:51:28No, he was not a good swimmer.
21:51:33Was he afraid of the water or of
21:51:37running?
21:51:43He was afraid
21:51:45of the water.
21:51:48What made his heart race?
21:52:00Every water test made his heart race.
21:52:13Day after day, the water tests got
21:52:17harder and his fear grew.
21:52:33Then a doctor gave him some news.
21:52:40A blood test found a problem.
21:53:01Did his fear
21:53:04grow?
21:53:14Yes.
21:53:16Day after day, his fear grew.
21:53:22Did a doctor or a teacher give him news?
21:53:32A doctor gave him some news.
21:53:37What did the blood test find?
21:53:46A blood test found a problem.
21:53:52>> Fabulous. Let's keep it up.
21:53:55>> It was a medical problem.
21:53:58Sickle cell trait.
21:54:03In hard training, it can bring danger.
21:54:23They took him out of training.
21:54:27Later he had a chance to start again.
21:54:48Was it a medical problem?
21:55:00Yes.
21:55:02It was a medical problem.
21:55:06Sickle cell trait.
21:55:10Did they take him out of training or
21:55:14keep him in?
21:55:21They took him out of training.
21:55:24What can it bring in hard training?
21:55:35In hard training, it can bring danger.
21:55:44>> Now imagine you are him.
21:55:49You are afraid of the water every day.
21:56:06Now you have a real medical reason to
21:56:10leave.
21:56:26Do you have a medical reason to leave?
21:56:40Yes,
21:56:42you have a real medical reason to leave.
21:56:48Is your reason real
21:56:51or false?
21:57:00You have a real medical reason to leave.
21:57:06What are you afraid of? Every day
21:57:16you are afraid of the water. Every day
21:57:22>> congratulations. Let's keep going.
21:57:26>> Nobody will call you weak.
21:57:31Nobody will make you feel ashamed.
21:57:48What would you choose?
21:57:53Would you start again
21:57:57or walk away?
21:58:15Great.
21:58:19>> Will anybody make you feel
21:58:22ashamed?
21:58:31No,
21:58:34nobody will make you feel ashamed.
21:58:38Would you start again or walk away?
21:58:48I would start again.
21:58:52What will nobody call you?
21:59:01Nobody will call you weak.
21:59:10He walked away.
21:59:14He left the rescue training and did not
21:59:18go back.
21:59:32He told people it was his blood.
21:59:37[clears throat] It was an easy story.
21:59:46Years
21:59:52later,
21:59:54he told the truth about that day.
22:00:11I have your job.
22:00:13>> Did he go back to the rescue training?
22:00:26No,
22:00:28he left the rescue training and did not
22:00:33go back.
22:00:36Did he tell people it was his blood
22:00:41or his fear?
22:00:49He told people
22:00:52it was his blood.
22:00:55What did he tell years later?
22:01:02Years
22:01:09later, he told the truth about that day.
22:01:23real reason.
22:01:27The real reason was fear.
22:01:44He was afraid of the water.
22:01:49The test gave him an easy way out.
22:02:12Was the blood test the real reason?
22:02:27No,
22:02:29the blood test was not the real reason.
22:02:35Was the real reason
22:02:38fear
22:02:39or money?
22:02:46The real reason
22:02:49was fear.
22:02:52What did the test give him?
22:03:02The test gave him an easy way out.
22:03:14That easy way out felt free.
22:03:21It cost him years.
22:03:38Later he left the air force.
22:03:43He took a job he did not love.
22:04:05Did the easy way out cost him anything?
22:04:18Yes,
22:04:20it cost him years.
22:04:24Did he stay in the air force
22:04:28or leave it?
22:04:36Later
22:04:37he [clears throat] left the air force.
22:04:41What did he take after the Air Force?
22:04:50He took a job he did not love.
22:04:56>> Well done.
22:05:00>> He gained a lot of weight
22:05:03and he felt ashamed of himself.
22:05:15Much later
22:05:17he lost the weight he gained and faced
22:05:22his fear.
22:05:40Did he gain
22:05:43a lot of weight?
22:05:53Yes,
22:05:55he gained a lot of weight.
22:06:00Did he feel proud
22:06:03or ashamed?
22:06:11He felt ashamed
22:06:14of himself.
22:06:17What did he do
22:06:19much later,
22:06:30much later,
22:06:32he lost the weight he gained and faced
22:06:38his fear.
22:06:41>> Extraordinary. Let's keep it up.
22:06:45He went back to the water and became a
22:06:49better swimmer.
22:06:59An easy excuse feels free.
22:07:06It can cost you years.
22:07:24Excuses are dangerous
22:07:28because they are often partly true.
22:07:49Did he become a better swimmer?
22:08:03Yes,
22:08:05he went back to the water and became a
22:08:10better swimmer.
22:08:12Does an easy excuse feel free
22:08:17or expensive?
22:08:28An easy excuse feels free.
22:08:33It can cost you years.
22:08:38Why are excuses dangerous?
22:08:50Excuses are dangerous because they are
22:08:54often partly true.
22:09:01And let's continue.
22:09:03>> Maybe you stopped English once.
22:09:09You said you had no time or no teacher.
22:09:27Maybe that was partly true.
22:09:31Still look behind it.
22:09:45What is the real reason you stopped?
22:09:51And is that reason worth your years?
22:10:16Let's jump into it.
22:10:18>> Did you say
22:10:20you had no time?
22:10:31Yes.
22:10:34You said you had no time or no teacher.
22:10:40Was that reason fully true
22:10:44or partly true?
22:10:53Maybe that was
22:10:55partly true.
22:10:58Where should you look now?
22:11:10Look behind it.
22:11:16Find the real reason you stopped.
22:11:27The grammar we practiced today, past
22:11:30simple, irregular verbs. A young man
22:11:34quit.
22:11:37Day after day, the water tests got
22:11:40harder and his fear grew.
22:11:45Then a doctor gave him some news.
22:11:50A blood test found a problem.
22:11:59Congratulations.
22:12:02You practiced 354
22:12:05words in this story and you learned a
22:12:08lot.
22:12:12>> Congratulations.
22:12:41Awesome.
22:12:43Steve Jobs. Oh my god. Steve Jobs.
22:13:01Perfection
22:13:17unique,
22:13:20but it's a nice time to think about
22:13:23innovation.
22:13:25The gold mine.
22:13:28The Gold Mine from the book Steve Jobs
22:13:32by Walter Isaxson.
22:13:35Mouse.
22:13:37Lab.
22:13:39Copy.
22:13:41Scientist.
22:13:44Comfortable.
22:13:46Excited.
22:13:49Amazing.
22:13:51Proud.
22:13:53Deal.
22:13:56Risky.
22:13:58In the 1970s,
22:14:02a big company made an amazing new
22:14:07computer.
22:14:21The company was Xerox.
22:14:26It was famous for its copy machines.
22:14:42Its scientists worked in a lab in
22:14:46California.
22:15:09Did Xerox make an amazing new computer?
22:15:22Yes,
22:15:25Xerox made an amazing new computer.
22:15:31Was Xerox famous for copy machines
22:15:36or cars?
22:15:44It was famous for its copy machines.
22:15:50Where did its scientists work?
22:16:03Its scientists worked in a lab in
22:16:07California.
22:16:14The computer had windows on the screen.
22:16:20It had small pictures called icons.
22:16:38And it had a mouse.
22:16:43You moved it with your hand.
22:17:03Did the computer have a mouse?
22:17:13Yes,
22:17:15it had a mouse.
22:17:18Did you move the mouse with your hand or
22:17:22your foot?
22:17:28You moved it with your hand.
22:17:33What did the computer have on the
22:17:37screen?
22:17:46The computer had windows on the screen.
22:17:54incoming.
22:17:56>> Today,
22:17:58every computer works like this.
22:18:03Then almost nobody knew a computer like
22:18:08this.
22:18:24The scientists were proud.
22:18:29Xerox was happy with its copy machines.
22:18:49Did many people know a computer like
22:18:52this then?
22:19:03No. Then almost nobody knew a computer
22:19:08like this.
22:19:11Were the scientists proud
22:19:14or sad?
22:19:20The scientists were proud.
22:19:25What was Xerox happy with?
22:19:34Xerox was happy with its copy machines.
22:19:40>> All right, back to the story.
22:19:44>> In December 1979,
22:19:48a young man came to see the lab.
22:19:54His
22:20:03name was Steve Jobs.
22:20:10He led a young company called Apple.
22:20:30Awesome.
22:20:36Did a young man come to see the lab?
22:20:50Yes.
22:20:53In December 1979,
22:20:57a young man came to see the lab.
22:21:02Did he lead Apple or Xerox?
22:21:13He led a young company
22:21:16called Apple.
22:21:19What was his name?
22:21:28His name was Steve Jobs.
22:21:34>> Fabulous. Let's keep it up.
22:21:37Why did Xerox let him in?
22:21:42Because of a business deal with Apple.
22:21:57In the deal, Xerox could buy a small
22:22:01part of Apple.
22:22:18Did Xerox let him in?
22:22:30Yes,
22:22:32Xerox let him in because of a business
22:22:36deal.
22:22:38Was it a business deal or a gift?
22:22:49It was a business deal
22:22:52with Apple.
22:22:54What could Xerox buy in the deal
22:23:08in the deal? Xerox could buy a small
22:23:12part of Apple.
22:23:16>> That's amazing.
22:23:20The scientist showed him their amazing
22:23:23computer.
22:23:27He watched the mouse and the windows.
22:23:46How did he feel?
22:23:50He became very excited.
22:23:55He moved around the room.
22:24:14Great.
22:24:16Now,
22:24:18>> did the scientists show him their
22:24:21amazing computer?
22:24:33Yes.
22:24:35The scientists showed him their amazing
22:24:39computer.
22:24:41Was he bored
22:24:43or excited?
22:24:52He became very excited.
22:24:57What did he watch?
22:25:07He watched the mouse
22:25:11and the windows.
22:25:14>> Awesome.
22:25:18He shouted that Xerox was sitting on a
22:25:23gold mine.
22:25:36He asked why they were not doing
22:25:41anything with it.
22:25:54Think for a moment.
22:25:58Why did Xerox wait?
22:26:12with
22:26:13speaking.
22:26:16>> Did he
22:26:18shout?
22:26:28Yes.
22:26:31He shouted that Xerox was sitting on a
22:26:35gold mine.
22:26:38Was Xerox sitting on a gold mine
22:26:42or a rock?
22:26:51Xerox was sitting
22:26:54on a gold mine.
22:26:58What did he
22:27:00ask?
22:27:09He asked why they were not doing
22:27:12anything with it.
22:27:18Let's jump into the
22:27:23Let's keep it up.
22:27:25Its leaders were comfortable.
22:27:29Copy machines made them a lot of money.
22:27:44A new kind of computer felt risky,
22:27:50so they moved slowly.
22:28:09Were its leaders
22:28:11comfortable?
22:28:20Yes,
22:28:22its leaders were comfortable.
22:28:27Did a new computer feel safe
22:28:32or risky?
22:28:40A new kind of computer
22:28:44felt risky.
22:28:46[clears throat]
22:28:47Why did Xerox wait?
22:28:59Its leaders were comfortable.
22:29:02A new computer felt risky.
22:29:14>> And what did Jobs do?
22:29:19He went back to Apple and started fast.
22:29:40His team built these ideas into the Lisa
22:29:45and then the Mac.
22:30:00Let's jump into it.
22:30:03>> Did jobs move
22:30:06slowly?
22:30:15No,
22:30:17Jobs did not move slowly.
22:30:21Did his team build the Lisa
22:30:25or a copy machine?
22:30:31His
22:30:36team built these ideas into the Lisa
22:30:42and then the Mac.
22:30:45What did Jobs do?
22:30:55He went back to Apple and started fast.
22:31:06They made the mouse cheaper and simpler
22:31:10for normal people.
22:31:20The Mac came out in 1984.
22:31:26Did people like it?
22:31:30They love you. [applause]
22:31:54Did people like the Mac?
22:32:05Yes,
22:32:07people loved it.
22:32:11Did they make the mouse cheaper
22:32:15or more expensive?
22:32:26They made the mouse cheaper and simpler
22:32:31for normal people.
22:32:34When did the Mac come out?
22:32:46The Mac came out in 1984.
22:32:58>> Xerox made a computer with these ideas,
22:33:02too.
22:33:05It cost too much and few people bought
22:33:09it.
22:33:24So, did the first company win with its
22:33:29own idea?
22:33:33No.
22:33:52Did Xerox make a computer with these
22:33:56ideas, too?
22:34:07Yes,
22:34:09Xerox made a computer with these ideas,
22:34:14too.
22:34:16Did the first company win or lose with
22:34:21its idea?
22:34:30The first company did not win with its
22:34:34own idea.
22:34:36Why did few people buy it?
22:34:48Few people bought it because it cost too
22:34:54much.
22:35:00Its proud scientists had the gold mine
22:35:04in their own lab.
22:35:08Someone else moved first.
22:35:27An idea is worth nothing
22:35:31until someone acts on it.
22:35:45Many of us have a gold mine like this.
22:36:02Did Xerox have the gold mine in its own
22:36:07lab?
22:36:17Yes,
22:36:19its proud scientists
22:36:22had the gold mine in their own lab.
22:36:28Did Xerox move first
22:36:31or someone else?
22:36:39Someone else moved first.
22:36:43What is an idea worth?
22:36:56An idea is worth nothing until someone
22:37:01acts on it.
22:37:12Maybe it is a plan to speak English
22:37:15every day.
22:37:18We feel excited about it.
22:37:38>> [sighs and gasps]
22:37:39>> Then we feel comfortable
22:37:42and starting feels risky.
22:37:47So we wait.
22:38:04So what is your gold mine
22:38:08and what can you do with it today?
22:38:29Let's jump into it.
22:38:32>> Do we feel
22:38:34excited about our plan?
22:38:45Yes,
22:38:47we feel excited about it.
22:38:52Do we start
22:38:55or do we wait?
22:39:03We feel comfortable
22:39:06so we wait.
22:39:09What is your gold mine?
22:39:21My gold mine is a plan to speak English
22:39:28every day.
22:39:36The grammar we practice today, past
22:39:40simple questions. Why did Xerox let him
22:39:44in?
22:39:47How did he feel?
22:39:50Why did Xerox wait?
22:39:55And what did Jobs do?
22:40:04Congratulations.
22:40:05You practiced 354 words in this story
22:40:10and you learned a lot.
22:40:45It's going to be a lot different.
22:41:19Foreign
22:41:30speech. Foreign speech.
22:41:57native speakers.
22:42:24English.
22:42:41foreign.
22:42:58Awesome.
22:43:32WhatsApp.
22:44:04and
22:44:28what
22:44:33The empty page.
22:44:35>> The empty page from the book Alibaba by
22:44:39Duncan Clark.
22:44:42Click
22:44:44online
22:44:46ugly.
22:44:48Translation
22:44:51arrive
22:44:53common
22:44:55obvious
22:44:57web
22:45:00invention
22:45:02puzzle.
22:45:05In 1995,
22:45:08a new invention was growing fast in
22:45:12America,
22:45:14the internet.
22:45:31in China.
22:45:34Very few people knew about this
22:45:36invention.
22:45:46Who was Jack Ma?
22:45:50He was an English teacher from Hanjo in
22:45:54China.
22:46:09Awesome.
22:46:14Okay, let's go.
22:46:17>> Was the internet a new invention
22:46:21in 1995?
22:46:32Yes.
22:46:36In 1995, the internet was a new
22:46:40invention.
22:46:42Did many people or few people in China
22:46:47know about it?
22:46:56Very few people in China knew about this
22:47:00invention.
22:47:02Who was Jack Ma?
22:47:13He was an English teacher from Hangjo in
22:47:17China.
22:47:26>> He also had a small translation company.
22:47:32It helped people with English.
22:47:46That year he traveled to America for
22:47:50work as a translator.
22:48:09Did he have a translation company?
22:48:20Yes,
22:48:22he had a small translation company.
22:48:27Did he travel to America for work or for
22:48:31fun?
22:48:39He traveled to America for work as a
22:48:43translator.
22:48:46What did his company help people with?
22:48:56It helped people with English.
22:49:05Where did he first see the internet?
22:49:11In Seattle,
22:49:14a friend showed him
22:49:31later. He said he was afraid to touch
22:49:35the computer at first.
22:49:52>> Did a friend show him the internet?
22:50:05Yes,
22:50:07a friend showed him the internet in
22:50:10Seattle.
22:50:13Was he afraid
22:50:15or happy to touch the computer?
22:50:26He was afraid to touch the computer at
22:50:30first.
22:50:32Where did he first see the internet?
22:50:42He first saw the internet in Seattle.
22:50:52Then he typed the name of a common
22:50:56product.
22:50:59Click
22:51:10results came from America and from
22:51:14Germany.
22:51:17There were none from China.
22:51:34Now it's your turn. Answer the
22:51:37questions.
22:51:39>> Did he type the name of a common
22:51:42product?
22:51:52Yes,
22:51:54he typed the name of a common product.
22:52:00Were there results from China
22:52:04or none?
22:52:11There were none
22:52:13from China.
22:52:16Where did the results come from?
22:52:28Results came from America
22:52:32and from Germany.
22:52:39Then he typed just one word.
22:52:44China.
22:52:47Click.
22:52:50Nothing.
22:52:58Over
22:53:07a billion people in China
22:53:11and nothing about them online.
22:53:26Here is the puzzle.
22:53:29What did this empty page mean?
22:53:47>> Was there anything about China online?
22:54:02No,
22:54:04there was nothing about them online.
22:54:10After the click, did he see a full page
22:54:15or an empty page?
22:54:26After the click, he saw nothing.
22:54:32The page was empty.
22:54:36What is the puzzle?
22:54:47The puzzle is
22:54:49what did this element page mean?
22:54:59>> Many would say China was not ready.
22:55:05The internet was not for them.
22:55:22That was the obvious answer.
22:55:25It meant stop
22:55:28or waiting
22:55:45skills.
22:55:48Would many people say China was not
22:55:52ready?
22:56:01Yes.
22:56:04Many would say China was not ready.
22:56:10Was that answer obvious
22:56:14or strange?
22:56:21That was the obvious answer.
22:56:25What did the obvious answer
22:56:29mean?
22:56:36It meant stop or wait.
22:56:48Jack saw the puzzle differently.
22:56:52To him, the empty page was an open door.
22:57:10Why was the page empty?
22:57:14Nobody from China was on the web
22:57:19yet.
22:57:40Did Jack see the puzzle
22:57:44differently?
22:57:46[clears throat]
22:57:53Yes,
22:57:55Jack saw the puzzle differently.
22:58:00Was the empty page a wall
22:58:04or an open door?
22:58:14To him
22:58:16the empty page was an open door.
22:58:21Why was the page empty?
22:58:31Nobody from China was on the web yet.
22:58:38>> That's amazing.
22:58:41>> Who could be the first one there?
22:58:48Maybe
22:58:50he [snorts] could.
22:59:04He did not wait until he was back in
22:59:06China.
22:59:08He acted right there.
22:59:22Awesome. Wait, let's go.
22:59:25>> Did he wait until he was back in China?
22:59:39No,
22:59:40he did not wait.
22:59:43He acted right there.
22:59:47Did he act in America
22:59:51or back in China?
22:59:59He acted right there in America.
23:00:05Who could be the first one there?
23:00:13Maybe he could be the first one there.
23:00:23friends helped him make a web page for
23:00:26his translation company.
23:00:36It was not beautiful.
23:00:40Jack himself later called it ugly.
23:00:45[laughter]
23:00:55They put the page online in the morning.
23:01:01Then
23:01:02Jack
23:01:04waited.
23:01:25Did friends help him make a web page?
23:01:39Yes,
23:01:40friends helped him make a web page for
23:01:44his translation company.
23:01:48Was the page beautiful
23:01:51or ugly?
23:02:03It was not beautiful.
23:02:07Jack himself later called it ugly.
23:02:12When did they put the page online?
23:02:23They put the page online
23:02:26in the morning.
23:02:30>> Congratulations. Let's keep going.
23:02:34>> How long did he wait?
23:02:37only a few hours.
23:02:42Then emails arrived.
23:03:01The page was ugly.
23:03:04Still people wanted to know more about
23:03:08him.
23:03:20This moment is in Duncan Clark's book
23:03:24Alibaba.
23:03:39Did emails
23:03:42arrive?
23:03:51Yes. [sighs]
23:03:53Then emails arrived.
23:03:57Did people want to know more or less
23:04:01about him?
23:04:08People wanted to know more about him.
23:04:14How long did he wait?
23:04:22He waited only a few hours.
23:04:28>> All right, back to the story.
23:04:31>> When he arrived home, he had a new
23:04:34dream.
23:04:38A few years later, he started Alibaba.
23:04:58The missing thing was his chance.
23:05:04He moved before it was obvious to
23:05:08others.
23:05:27Did he have a new dream when he arrived
23:05:31home?
23:05:41Yes.
23:05:43When he arrived home, he had a new
23:05:47dream.
23:05:49Did he move before or after others saw
23:05:55the chance?
23:06:04He moved before it was obvious to
23:06:08others.
23:06:10What did he start a few years later?
23:06:23A few years later, he started Alibaba.
23:06:35>> When you see an empty space before
23:06:38others,
23:06:41move.
23:06:55>> [sighs and gasps]
23:06:55>> Many people see an empty page.
23:06:59A common thought is nothing here for me.
23:07:19Great.
23:07:22>> Should you move when you see an empty
23:07:26space?
23:07:36Yes.
23:07:39When you see an empty space before
23:07:43others move,
23:07:47is that thought common or rare?
23:08:00A common thought is
23:08:03nothing here for me.
23:08:07What do many people think?
23:08:16Many people think nothing here for me.
23:08:25And let's continue.
23:08:28>> Maybe nobody in your family explains
23:08:31things in English.
23:08:35Maybe that is your space.
23:08:55This week, [gasps]
23:08:56find one empty page in your world.
23:09:03Be the first to fill it.
23:09:26Let's jump into it.
23:09:28Does everybody in your family explain
23:09:32things in English?
23:09:43No.
23:09:45Maybe nobody in my family explains
23:09:48things in English.
23:09:52Should you be the first or the last to
23:09:57fill it?
23:10:02Be the first to fill it.
23:10:07What should you find this week?
23:10:20This week, find one empty page in your
23:10:25world.
23:10:33The grammar we practice today. Question
23:10:36words. Who was Jackmar?
23:10:42Where did he first see the internet?
23:10:46What did this empty page mean?
23:10:52Why was the page empty?
23:11:01Congratulations.
23:11:03You practiced 354 words in this story
23:11:07and you learned a lot.
23:11:24>> [laughter]
23:11:35>> Great job.
23:11:39Awake the giant within. for
23:12:19social media.
23:12:37Next vitamin D.
23:12:51The knock. The knock from the
23:12:55[clears throat] book Awaken the Giant
23:12:57Within by Tony Robbins.
23:13:01Knock.
23:13:03Turkey.
23:13:05Stranger.
23:13:07Worried.
23:13:09Receive.
23:13:11Frozen
23:13:14kindness.
23:13:1611.
23:13:18Neighbor.
23:13:20Generous.
23:13:24Knock knock.
23:13:27It is Thanksgiving
23:13:30and there isn't any food in the house.
23:13:34[clears throat]
23:13:49across America.
23:13:51Families sit down to a big dinner on
23:13:55this day.
23:14:00Awesome.
23:14:11Talk more. Okay, let's go.
23:14:15>> Is there any
23:14:17food in the house?
23:14:29No,
23:14:32there isn't any food in the house.
23:14:37Do families sit down to a big dinner
23:14:42or a small snack.
23:14:52Families sit down to a big dinner on
23:14:56this day.
23:14:59What day
23:15:01is it?
23:15:06It is Thanksgiving.
23:15:14>> In one small home, there is no big
23:15:19dinner this year.
23:15:30A boy named Tony Robbins is 11 years
23:15:34old.
23:15:37His family is poor.
23:16:00Is the boy 11 years old?
23:16:12Yes,
23:16:14the boy is 11 years old.
23:16:20Is his family rich or poor?
23:16:29His family
23:16:31is poor.
23:16:34What is the boy's name?
23:16:44His name is Tony Robbins.
23:16:54>> There isn't any money for food.
23:16:59There is no turkey on the table.
23:17:14The house is not happy today.
23:17:19Everyone is sad and worried.
23:17:40Is there any money for food?
23:17:51No,
23:17:53there isn't any money for food.
23:17:58Is everyone happy
23:18:02or worried?
23:18:10Everyone is sad
23:18:14and worried
23:18:16what is not on the table.
23:18:26There is no turkey on the table.
23:18:37>> Imagine you are 11.
23:18:41You want to help
23:18:44but you have nothing.
23:19:00Then there is a knock at the door.
23:19:03The boy opens it.
23:19:15Awesome.
23:19:17Let's go.
23:19:19Is there a knock at the door?
23:19:21[clears throat]
23:19:28Yes,
23:19:30there is a knock at the door.
23:19:34Does the boy open the door or hide?
23:19:45The boy
23:19:47opens it.
23:19:49What do you want to do if you are 11?
23:20:02You want to help,
23:20:05but you have nothing.
23:20:13A man is standing there.
23:20:17He's not a neighbor.
23:20:20The boy does not know him.
23:20:36He is holding some bags of food and a
23:20:40big frozen turkey.
23:20:58Is the man a neighbor?
23:21:10No,
23:21:12he is not a neighbor.
23:21:15The boy does not know him.
23:21:20Is the turkey frozen or cooked?
23:21:30It is a big frozen turkey.
23:21:36What is the man holding?
23:21:48He is holding some bags of food and a
23:21:52big frozen turkey.
23:21:56>> Well done.
23:22:00>> The food is for this family.
23:22:05It is a generous gift from strangers.
23:22:20Nobody in the family asked for any help.
23:22:27Somebody still thought of them.
23:22:47Did the family ask for any help?
23:23:00No.
23:23:03Nobody in the family asked for any help.
23:23:09Is the gift small
23:23:12or generous?
23:23:20It is a generous gift from strangers.
23:23:26Who is the food for?
23:23:35The food is for this family.
23:23:44>> The boy looks at the food for a long
23:23:47time.
23:23:56He understands something new.
23:24:01Strangers can care about you.
23:24:24Does the boy look at the food for a long
23:24:28time?
23:24:38Yes. The boy looks at the food for a
23:24:42long time.
23:24:45Can strangers care about you or not?
23:24:56Strangers can care about you.
23:25:00What does the boy understand?
23:25:13He understands
23:25:15that strangers can care about you
23:25:26>> and he makes a quiet decision.
23:25:32One day he will do the same.
23:25:51years pass and the boy grows up.
23:25:56He is not rich, but he is generous.
23:26:19Does the boy make a quiet decision?
23:26:32Yes,
23:26:34he makes a quiet decision.
23:26:39Is he rich or generous when he grows up?
23:26:51He is not rich,
23:26:54but he is generous.
23:26:58What will he do one day?
23:27:07One day he will do the same.
23:27:13>> Extraordinary. Let's keep it up.
23:27:17>> Still on Thanksgiving,
23:27:20he buys some food with the money he has.
23:27:37He takes the food to two families who
23:27:41need it.
23:27:49He knocks on their doors
23:27:52the same way the stranger did.
23:28:11Does he buy some food?
23:28:23Yes,
23:28:25he buys some food with the money he has.
23:28:31Does he take the food to two families
23:28:35or to one?
23:28:45He takes the food to two families who
23:28:49need it.
23:28:51How does he knock on their doors?
23:29:02He knocks the same way the stranger did.
23:29:11The next year there are more families.
23:29:16Then more and more.
23:29:30Today his work gives food to millions of
23:29:35people.
23:29:45It all started with one knock
23:29:49and one frozen turkey.
23:30:03Awesome.
23:30:09Are there more families the next year?
23:30:21>> Yes.
23:30:23The next year there are more families.
23:30:28Does his work feed hundreds
23:30:32or millions of people?
23:30:43Today his work gives food to millions of
23:30:48people.
23:30:50What did it all start with?
23:31:02It all started with one knock
23:31:07and one frozen turkey.
23:31:14>> That's great.
23:31:17>> He still tells this story today.
23:31:23He never forgot that knock.
23:31:39Kindness is not only something you
23:31:42receive.
23:31:45It is something you pass on.
23:32:03Let's jump into it.
23:32:06>> Did he forget that knock?
23:32:15No,
23:32:17he never forgot that knock.
23:32:21Is kindness only something you receive
23:32:26or something you pass on?
23:32:36It is something you pass on.
23:32:41What does he still tell today?
23:32:51He still tells this story today.
23:32:57>> I'm super proud of you.
23:33:02>> Now, think of your own story.
23:33:08Someone helped you once.
23:33:23Maybe a teacher or a neighbor
23:33:27taught you your first English words.
23:33:43You received kindness. Then
23:33:49that was your knock at the door.
23:34:11Did someone help you
23:34:15once?
23:34:24Yes. [sighs]
23:34:26Someone helped me once.
23:34:30Was it a teacher or a neighbor?
23:34:43Maybe a teacher or a neighbor taught me
23:34:47my first English words.
23:34:52What did you receive then?
23:35:01I received kindness then.
23:35:06>> All right.
23:35:12Now it is your turn.
23:35:18Are you worried
23:35:21that you have nothing to give?
23:35:38Today, help a neighbor or a friend with
23:35:43some English words.
23:35:54It is a small gift.
23:35:58Small gifts
23:36:00can start big things.
23:36:23Let's jump into it.
23:36:25>> Is it your turn now?
23:36:35Yes.
23:36:37Now it is my turn.
23:36:41Is it a big gift or a small gift?
23:36:55It is a small gift.
23:36:59Small gifts can start big things.
23:37:05Who can you help today?
23:37:18Today I can help a neighbor or a friend
23:37:22with some English words.
23:37:32The grammar we practice today some any
23:37:36it is Thanksgiving and there isn't any
23:37:39food in the house.
23:37:42There isn't any money for food.
23:37:47He is holding some bags of food and a
23:37:50big frozen turkey.
23:37:54Nobody in the family asked for any help.
23:37:59Congratulations.
23:38:05You practiced 354
23:38:08words in this story and you learned a
23:38:11lot.
23:38:34Congratulations,
23:38:37the Infinity Game.
23:39:17Right.
23:39:20I love the concept. I love this book.
23:39:23Words and shelves. Words and shelves
23:39:28from the book The Infinite Game by Simon
23:39:31Synynic.
23:39:33Shelf
23:39:36counter
23:39:38match.
23:39:40Billion
23:39:42act
23:39:44healthy
23:39:46surprised
23:39:49pharmacy
23:39:51refuge
23:39:54principle.
23:39:57This is a story about money,
23:40:01health
23:40:03and one hard question.
23:40:19In America, there is a big pharmacy
23:40:22company called CVS.
23:40:26It has thousands of shops.
23:40:54Is CVS
23:40:57a pharmacy company?
23:41:09Yes,
23:41:11CVS is a big pharmacy company in
23:41:15America.
23:41:17Does it have many shops or only one?
23:41:27It has thousands of shops.
23:41:32What is this story about?
23:41:44It is about money, health and one hard
23:41:50question.
23:41:54Listen,
23:41:56>> many people go there to buy medicine and
23:41:59ask for health advice.
23:42:11The company [gasps]
23:42:12wanted to help people become healthier.
23:42:17That was its big goal.
23:42:39Do many people go there for medicine?
23:42:53Yes.
23:42:55Many people go there to buy medicine.
23:43:00Did the company want people to be
23:43:02healthier
23:43:04or sicker?
23:43:13The company wanted to help people become
23:43:18healthier.
23:43:20What was its big goal? [clears throat]
23:43:32Its big goal was to help people become
23:43:37healthier.
23:43:44But the shops also sold something else
23:43:49behind the counter.
23:43:53Cigarettes
23:44:08They made a lot of money for the
23:44:11company.
23:44:13Every year about $2 billion.
23:44:32>> Now it's your turn. Answer the
23:44:35questions.
23:44:37Did the cigarettes make a lot of money?
23:44:50Yes,
23:44:52they made a lot of money for the
23:44:54company.
23:44:57Were the cigarettes behind the counter
23:45:01or near the door?
23:45:08They were
23:45:10behind the counter.
23:45:14How much money did they make every year?
23:45:27They made about $2 billion
23:45:31every year.
23:45:38And everyone knew that cigarettes are
23:45:41not healthy.
23:45:44They make many people very sick.
23:46:02So there was a problem.
23:46:05The company said one thing and sold
23:46:10another thing.
23:46:28Let's jump into it.
23:46:31>> Are cigarettes
23:46:34healthy?
23:46:42No.
23:46:45Cigarettes are not healthy.
23:46:48Do they make a few people
23:46:52or many people sick?
23:47:02They make many people
23:47:06very sick.
23:47:08What was the problem?
23:47:19The company said one thing and sold
23:47:23another thing.
23:47:26>> Fabulous. Let's keep it up.
23:47:29>> Now imagine you are Larry Merlo, the
23:47:34boss of this company.
23:47:45You have many workers.
23:47:49You have owners who want more money
23:47:52every year.
23:48:08Clean it a bit.
23:48:10>> Does the boss have many workers?
23:48:21Yes,
23:48:23the boss has many workers.
23:48:28Do the owners want more money or less
23:48:33money?
23:48:40They want more money
23:48:44every year.
23:48:47Who is Larry Merlo?
23:48:55He is the boss of this company.
23:49:06$2 billion is a lot of money.
23:49:12Other shops sell cigarettes, too.
23:49:27If you refuse to sell them, customers
23:49:31can go to other shops.
23:49:45What
23:49:47>> is $2 billion
23:49:49a lot of money?
23:50:00Yes.
23:50:02$2 billion
23:50:05is a lot of money.
23:50:08If you refuse,
23:50:11can customers go to other shops
23:50:15or not?
23:50:25If you refuse to sell them,
23:50:29customers can go to other shops.
23:50:34What do other shops sell to?
23:50:43Other shops sell cigarettes, too.
23:50:52>> What do you do?
23:50:56Do you keep the money
23:50:59or do you keep your principal?
23:51:15In February 2014,
23:51:18Merlo told the world his answer.
23:51:37Did Merlo tell the world his answer?
23:51:51Yes.
23:51:54In February 2014,
23:51:56Merlo told the world his answer.
23:52:03Do you keep the money
23:52:06or your principle?
23:52:13I keep
23:52:15my principle.
23:52:19When did Merlo tell the world
23:52:31he told the world in February 2014,
23:52:38>> "Congratulations.
23:52:40Let's keep going."
23:52:42>> He decided to refuse this money.
23:52:47No more cigarettes in any of the shops.
23:53:04He did not take much time.
23:53:08In September, cigarettes left the
23:53:11shelves behind every counter.
23:53:35Did he refuse the money?
23:53:48Yes,
23:53:51he decided to refuse this money.
23:53:56Did he take much time or little time?
23:54:07He did not take much time.
23:54:12Where were the shelves?
23:54:22The shelves were behind every counter.
23:54:33>> The company also took a new name,
23:54:37CVS
23:54:38Health.
23:54:49Many people were surprised.
23:54:53Some said it was a bad move for
23:54:56business.
23:55:17Were many people
23:55:19surprised?
23:55:29Yes,
23:55:31many people were surprised.
23:55:36Did some say it was a good move or a bad
23:55:40move?
23:55:49Some said it was a bad move
23:55:53for business.
23:55:56What new name did the company take?
23:56:08The company took a new name,
23:56:11CVS
23:56:13Health.
23:56:17That's great.
23:56:21Simon Synynic tells this story in his
23:56:24book, The Infinite Game.
23:56:37For him, this boss chose a principle
23:56:42over easy money.
23:56:53He did not only talk about health,
23:56:58he acted for health.
23:57:20Did he act for health?
23:57:33Yes.
23:57:35He did not only talk about health,
23:57:40he acted for health.
23:57:44Did the boss choose a principle
23:57:49or easy money?
23:58:00This boss chose a principle over easy
23:58:04money.
23:58:06Who tells this story in a book?
23:58:20Simon Synynic tells this story in his
23:58:24book, The Infinite Game.
23:58:35>> Did the company die?
23:58:39No,
23:58:41it is still one of the biggest pharmacy
23:58:44companies in America.
23:59:01Now what it said and what it sold
23:59:06matched at last.
23:59:24Did the company
23:59:26die?
23:59:34No,
23:59:36the company did not die.
23:59:41Do its words and its shells
23:59:45match now or not?
23:59:58Now what it said and what it sold
24:00:03matched at last.
24:00:06How big is the company today?
24:00:19It is still one of the biggest pharmacy
24:00:22companies in America.
24:00:26>> Extraordinary. Let's keep it up.
24:00:30>> You tell people that English is very
24:00:33important to you.
24:00:42Then look at your phone and your week.
24:00:47Do they match your words?
24:01:06speaking skills.
24:01:09>> Do you tell people English is important?
24:01:23Yes,
24:01:26I tell people that English is very
24:01:29important to me.
24:01:32Do your phone and your week match your
24:01:36words
24:01:38or not?
24:01:48Maybe they do not match my words yet.
24:01:53What should you look at?
24:02:02Look at your phone and your weak.
24:02:07That's amazing.
24:02:10Let's jump into
24:02:12>> Is one thing on your shelf wrong for
24:02:16your goal?
24:02:19You can take it away.
24:02:36Your [gasps and sighs] friends may be
24:02:37surprised at first. Act
24:02:42anyway.
24:02:56Do not ask
24:02:58what is easy today.
24:03:02Ask
24:03:04what fits the person I want to be.
24:03:29Let's jump into it.
24:03:31>> Can you take one thing off your shelf?
24:03:43Yes,
24:03:45you can take it away.
24:03:49Should you wait or act anyway?
24:04:03Your friends may be surprised.
24:04:07act anyway.
24:04:11What should you ask?
24:04:23Ask what fits the person I want to be.
24:04:36The grammar we practice today. Much,
24:04:40many, a lot of. Many people go there to
24:04:43buy medicine and ask for health advice.
24:04:48They made a lot of money for the
24:04:50company.
24:04:53They make many people very sick.
24:04:58You have many workers. Congratulations.
24:05:09You practiced 351
24:05:12words in this story and you learned a
24:05:16lot.
24:05:19>> That's amazing. Awesome.
24:05:25Amazing.
24:05:38How to develop self-confidence and
24:05:41influence people.
24:05:45Public speaking.
24:05:49Public speaking.
24:05:54Public speaking. Public speaking.
24:06:30I know how to start.
24:06:40The man who walked out.
24:06:43>> The man who walked out from the book How
24:06:47to Develop Self-Confidence and Influence
24:06:49People by Public Speaking by Dale
24:06:52Cariegi.
24:06:54Subject:
24:06:56Confidence.
24:06:59Silence.
24:07:01Invite.
24:07:03Enjoy.
24:07:06Shake.
24:07:08Party
24:07:09level
24:07:12clap
24:07:14political.
24:07:16It is evening in Florida.
24:07:21A big dinner room is full of people.
24:07:37The dinner is for the Giants, a famous
24:07:41baseball [cheering] team.
24:07:57Is the dinner
24:08:01in Florida?
24:08:11>> Yes,
24:08:13it is evening in Florida.
24:08:18Is the dinner room full
24:08:22or empty?
24:08:32It is full.
24:08:36A big dinner room is full of people.
24:08:41Who is the dinner for?
24:08:52The dinner is for the Giants, a famous
24:08:57baseball team.
24:09:06>> One guest is a doctor from Brooklyn in
24:09:09New York.
24:09:12He enjoys baseball.
24:09:28This winter he often comes to watch the
24:09:31team practice.
24:09:34So they invite him tonight.
24:09:58Does the doctor often come to watch the
24:10:02team?
24:10:11Yes, he often comes to watch the team
24:10:16practice.
24:10:18Does he enjoy baseball
24:10:22or hate it?
24:10:28He enjoys baseball.
24:10:33Why do they invite him tonight?
24:10:46He often comes to watch the team
24:10:49practice.
24:10:53So they invite him tonight.
24:11:02Dale Carnegie gives him the name Dr.
24:11:07Curtis.
24:11:10It is not his real name.
24:11:27Now dinner is over.
24:11:30Some guests stand up and say a few
24:11:33words.
24:11:49speaking.
24:11:52Is Curtis
24:11:54his real name?
24:12:05No,
24:12:08it is not his real name.
24:12:12Do some guests sit down or stand up?
24:12:24Some guests stand up and say a few
24:12:28words.
24:12:31Who gives him the name Curtis?
24:12:44Dale Carnegie gives him the name
24:12:48Doctor
24:12:50Curtis.
24:12:53>> I'm super proud of you.
24:12:58>> Then the host calls the doctor's name.
24:13:04He wants a talk on players health.
24:13:21Imagine you are the doctor.
24:13:24You know this subject very well.
24:13:37Awesome.
24:13:39Let's go.
24:13:43Does the host call
24:13:46the doctor's name?
24:13:57Yes.
24:14:00The host calls the doctor's name.
24:14:06Does the host want to talk on health
24:14:11or on money?
24:14:20He wants a talk on players health.
24:14:26How well does the doctor know this
24:14:30subject?
24:14:37He knows this subject very well.
24:14:46>> You worked as a doctor for more than 30
24:14:50years.
24:15:00But you never spoke to a room of people.
24:15:03Not once.
24:15:20Did he ever speak to a room of people?
24:15:33No,
24:15:35he never spoke to a room of people.
24:15:40Not once.
24:15:43Did he work as a doctor for 3 years
24:15:50or 30 years?
24:16:00He worked as a doctor for more than 30
24:16:05years.
24:16:07How often did he speak to a room of
24:16:11people?
24:16:20He never spoke to a room of people.
24:16:31>> Your heart beats fast.
24:16:35Your hands shake.
24:16:38Every idea runs out of your head.
24:16:55The people clap.
24:16:59[applause]
24:16:59They look at you and call for a speech.
24:17:22Do your hands
24:17:25shake?
24:17:33Yes.
24:17:35Your hands shake.
24:17:39Do the people clap
24:17:42or stay quiet?
24:17:48The people clap.
24:17:52What do the people
24:17:54call for?
24:18:02They call for
24:18:04a speech.
24:18:13>> You shake your head.
24:18:16They only clap louder.
24:18:20[applause]
24:18:28So he stands up, turns his back,
24:18:34and walks out in silence.
24:18:56speaking skills.
24:18:58Does he shake his head?
24:19:07Yes, he shakes his head.
24:19:12Do the people clap louder
24:19:17or stop?
24:19:23They only clap louder.
24:19:28How does the doctor
24:19:30walk out?
24:19:38He walks out
24:19:41in silence.
24:19:44>> Well done.
24:19:48He felt deep shame.
24:19:51He knew his subject and still he could
24:19:56not speak.
24:20:11Back home in Brooklyn,
24:20:13he joined Cariegi's public speaking
24:20:16class.
24:20:30temp.
24:20:32>> Did he know his subject?
24:20:44Yes,
24:20:46he knew his subject and still he could
24:20:51not speak.
24:20:53Did he feel pride
24:20:56or shame?
24:21:04He felt deep shame.
24:21:09What class did he join?
24:21:19He joined CargI's public speaking class.
24:21:25>> Congratulations. Let's keep going.
24:21:29He always prepared his talks.
24:21:33He practiced them at home. He never
24:21:37missed a class.
24:21:51After a few classes,
24:21:54his fear became smaller. His
24:21:58confidence grew.
24:22:17>> Did he always prepare his talks?
24:22:29Yes,
24:22:31he always prepared his talks.
24:22:37Did he often miss a class or never miss
24:22:42a class?
24:22:49He never missed a class.
24:22:54What grew after a few classes?
24:23:02His confidence grew.
24:23:06>> That's amazing.
24:23:10>> After [sighs] two months, he was the
24:23:14best speaker in the whole group.
24:23:27Soon people invited him to speak in
24:23:30[clears throat] other places. He enjoyed
24:23:33it.
24:23:48Was he the best speaker in the group?
24:24:01Yes.
24:24:04After two months, he was the best
24:24:07speaker in the whole group.
24:24:11Did he enjoy speaking
24:24:14or hate it?
24:24:20He enjoyed it.
24:24:23Where did people invite him to speak?
24:24:34People invited him to speak in other
24:24:38places.
24:24:43That's great.
24:24:47Then a political party in New York heard
24:24:51one of his talks.
24:24:54[applause]
24:25:03The party asked him to give political
24:25:06talks all over the city.
24:25:11[cheering]
24:25:26Did a political party
24:25:30hear one of his talks?
24:25:41Yes.
24:25:44A political party in New York heard one
24:25:47of his talks.
24:25:51Did the party ask him to speak in one
24:25:55room
24:25:56or all over the city?
24:26:07The party asked him to give political
24:26:10talks all over the city.
24:26:14What did the party
24:26:17ask him to give?
24:26:25The party asked him to give political
24:26:28talks.
24:26:34One year before
24:26:36he walked out of a dinner
24:26:39in silence.
24:26:50Cargi wrote about him in his book on
24:26:53public speaking.
24:27:06Did he walk out of a dinner
24:27:09in silence?
24:27:20Yes.
24:27:23One year before
24:27:25he walked out of a dinner in silence.
24:27:31Did Cargi write about him in a book
24:27:36or a letter?
24:27:45Cargi wrote about him in his book on
24:27:48public speaking.
24:27:51When did he walk out of a dinner?
24:28:04One year before
24:28:07he walked out of a dinner
24:28:10in silence.
24:28:16>> He could hide from speaking forever.
24:28:21Instead, he chose the hard room every
24:28:25week.
24:28:40Maybe you know that feeling.
24:28:44A teacher sometimes asks you something
24:28:47in English.
24:28:49Your mind goes empty.
24:29:14Does a teacher sometimes ask you
24:29:18something
24:29:20in English?
24:29:30Yes,
24:29:33a teacher sometimes asks you something
24:29:36in English.
24:29:39Did he hide
24:29:41or did he choose the hard room?
24:29:52He chose the hard room every week.
24:29:59What happens
24:30:01to your mind?
24:30:11Your mind
24:30:13goes
24:30:15empty.
24:30:18That's amazing.
24:30:21Let's jump into
24:30:23the empty mind is not your level. It is
24:30:28your starting line.
24:30:41Your level can change.
24:30:45Your confidence can grow.
24:30:57The doctor walked out once,
24:31:01then he walked back in.
24:31:06You can, too.
24:31:27Let's jump into it.
24:31:29Is the empty mind
24:31:33your level?
24:31:44No,
24:31:48the empty mind is not your level.
24:31:53It is your starting line.
24:31:57Can your level change
24:32:01or does it stay the same?
24:32:13Your level can change.
24:32:17Your confidence can grow.
24:32:22What did the doctor do
24:32:25after he walked out?
24:32:32He walked back in.
24:32:42The grammar we practice today, adverbs
24:32:45of frequency. This winter he often comes
24:32:48to watch the team practice.
24:32:52>> But you never spoke to a room of people.
24:32:58He always prepared his talks.
24:33:02He never missed a class.
24:33:11Congratulations.
24:33:13You practiced 353 words in this story
24:33:17and you learned a lot.
24:33:39It's all working.
24:34:01The government
24:34:12crazy.
24:34:22Okay. My name is
24:34:2523 years old. I am from Saudi Arabia and
24:34:28I work as human resource specialist
24:34:30English.
24:34:46Hello.
24:35:03Mhm.
24:35:10Sorry.
24:35:45Hello.
24:35:53Mhm.
24:36:08Hello.
24:36:22Mhm.
24:36:25Human resource management.
24:36:27Mhm.
24:36:30Okay.
24:36:37Mhm.
24:36:48foreign.
24:36:55Oh,
24:37:10okay.
24:37:21Okay. Okay. Okay. Okay.
24:37:36[cough and clears throat]
24:37:44Okay. for
24:37:46Hello.
24:38:11Mhm.
24:38:14Hello.
24:38:33Presentation.
24:38:48presentation.
24:39:08Can
24:39:16Okay.
24:39:23Hello. Listening.
24:39:36for
24:39:38great.
24:40:04foreign.
24:40:14Mhm.
24:40:22Instagram, Tik Tok, YouTube.
24:40:30Mhm.
24:40:33Mhm.
24:40:47Now
24:41:19Mhm.
24:41:33Yeah.
24:41:46Hello.
24:41:56Maz. Maz.
24:42:14Mhm.
24:42:17Mhm.
24:42:34Hotel
24:42:56you are Youth.
24:43:22Mhm.
24:43:24foreign.
24:43:47Hello
24:44:04native speakers.
24:44:13Mhm.
24:44:24Hello
24:44:30English. Okay.
24:44:55Alhamdulillah.
24:45:06Mhm.
24:45:13Hello. Hello.
24:45:23Listening.
24:45:36Uh-huh.
24:46:17>> [clears throat]
24:46:22>> Mhm.
24:46:29for
24:46:39interview. Come on.
24:47:09We did.
24:47:14Mhm.
24:47:21Mhm.
24:47:23Alhamdulillah.
24:47:50Mhm. foreign.
24:48:15foreign.
24:49:00Uh expert
24:49:05feeling lazy.
24:49:16Alhamdulillah.
24:49:44Hallelujah.
24:50:00foreign.
24:50:10Hello.
24:50:55foreign.
24:51:15Alhamdulillah.
24:51:31Mhm.
24:51:48Alhamdulillah.
24:52:11Hello.
24:52:17Mhm. Mhm. foreign.
24:52:31Mhm.
24:52:46age.
24:53:08Mhm.
24:53:39Mhm.
24:53:41Amen.
24:54:01Mhm.
24:54:09[clears throat]
24:54:20foreign.
24:54:50Alhamdulillah. Alhamdulillah.
24:54:52Alhamdulillah.
24:55:08Awesome.
24:55:20>> [laughter]
24:55:29>> Speaking skills,
24:55:57and so on.
24:56:13onward
24:56:18Starbucks. Okay.
24:56:31The locked door. The Locked Door from
24:56:35the book Onward by Howard Schultz.
24:56:39Coffee
24:56:42practice
24:56:44basic
24:56:46usual
24:56:48espresso
24:56:50forward
24:56:53already
24:56:55quality
24:56:57improve
24:56:59taste
24:57:03Tuesday
24:57:05the 26th of February
24:57:092008.
24:57:15It was early evening across America.
24:57:25People
24:57:34walked to their usual Starbucks for a
24:57:38coffee after work.
24:57:50They pulled the door.
24:57:54It did not open.
24:57:57It was locked.
24:58:21Did people walk to their usual
24:58:24Starbucks?
24:58:34Yes.
24:58:36People walked to their usual Starbucks
24:58:41for a coffee after work.
24:58:45Was the door open
24:58:48or locked?
24:58:59It was locked.
24:59:03It did not open.
24:59:07Why did people walk to the store?
24:59:17They walked there for a coffee after
24:59:20work.
24:59:23>> Congratulations. Let's keep going.
24:59:27>> They walked to another one. That door
24:59:31was locked, too.
24:59:33Over
24:59:417,000 of these stores
24:59:45closed at the same time.
24:59:58They stayed closed
25:00:00for three and a half hours.
25:00:14>> Awesome.
25:00:15Let's go.
25:00:17>> Was the other door locked too?
25:00:29Yes,
25:00:31that door was locked, too.
25:00:35Did a few stores close
25:00:39or over 7,000
25:00:42stores?
25:00:47Over
25:00:537,000
25:00:55of these stores
25:00:57closed at the same time.
25:01:02How long did they stay closed?
25:01:13They stayed closed for three and a half
25:01:18hours.
25:01:26>> The news talked about it. Some people
25:01:30laughed at the company. [laughter]
25:01:41The company was already losing
25:01:44customers, they said.
25:01:47Now it was losing even more.
25:02:09Did some people laugh at the company?
25:02:22Yes.
25:02:24Some people laughed at the company.
25:02:29Was the company already losing customers
25:02:34or getting more?
25:02:44The company was already losing
25:02:47customers.
25:02:49They said,
25:02:51"What did the news do?"
25:02:58The news talked about it.
25:03:05>> That's great.
25:03:09Other coffee shops were happy. They had
25:03:12more customers that evening.
25:03:25Maybe you think the company was giving
25:03:27up.
25:03:29From outside it looked that way.
25:03:46Let's jump into it.
25:03:48>> Were other coffee shops
25:03:52happy?
25:04:03Yes,
25:04:06other coffee shops were happy.
25:04:12Did other coffee shops have more
25:04:16customers
25:04:18or fewer?
25:04:26They had more customers that evening.
25:04:32What did the company look like from
25:04:36outside?
25:04:46From outside
25:04:49it looked like the company was giving up
25:04:59>> and the company was in trouble. Fewer
25:05:03people were coming to its stores.
25:05:15Now, here is the hidden fact.
25:05:20The stores were closed,
25:05:22but they were not empty.
25:05:28Awesome.
25:05:45Was the company
25:05:48in trouble?
25:06:00Yes,
25:06:02the company was in trouble.
25:06:07Were the closed stores empty
25:06:12or not empty?
25:06:23The stores were closed, but they were
25:06:27not empty.
25:06:31What was the company's trouble?
25:06:40Fewer people were coming to its stores.
25:06:46I'm super proud of you.
25:06:51Inside,
25:06:53more than
25:06:55135,000
25:06:57workers were learning.
25:07:00They were learning to make espresso well
25:07:04again.
25:07:20They practiced the basics carefully.
25:07:26Good espresso,
25:07:28the right milk,
25:07:30the right taste.
25:07:36Awesome.
25:07:51>> Were the workers learning to make
25:07:54espresso?
25:07:56Well,
25:08:06Yes,
25:08:08they were learning to make espresso well
25:08:12again.
25:08:15Did they practice the basics carefully
25:08:20or quickly?
25:08:28They practiced the basics
25:08:32carefully.
25:08:34How did they practice the basics?
25:08:47They practiced the basics
25:08:51carefully.
25:08:54Good espresso,
25:08:57the right milk,
25:08:59the right taste.
25:09:02That's amazing.
25:09:06>> On the doors, there was a small sign.
25:09:11It said, "Great espresso needs practice.
25:09:31a few weeks before
25:09:33Howard Schultz came back to lead the
25:09:38company.
25:09:56Was there a sign
25:09:59on the doors?
25:10:10Yes.
25:10:13On the doors
25:10:15there was a small sign.
25:10:19Did the sign say espresso needs practice
25:10:25or luck?
25:10:35It said great espresso needs practice.
25:10:43Who came back to lead the company?
25:10:54Howard Schultz came back to lead the
25:10:58company.
25:11:04He felt that the coffee had already lost
25:11:07some of its quality.
25:11:17Some drinks were made too fast.
25:11:22Some did not have the right taste.
25:11:42Had the coffee already lost some of its
25:11:47quality.
25:11:57Yes,
25:12:00he felt that the coffee had already lost
25:12:04some of its quality.
25:12:08Were some drinks made too fast or too
25:12:12slowly?
25:12:19Some drinks were made too fast.
25:12:25What was wrong with some drinks?
25:12:37Some drinks were made too fast.
25:12:42Some did not have the right taste.
25:12:51>> So he made a hard choice.
25:12:55He closed the stores for one evening.
25:13:11Now the same locked door had a new
25:13:15meaning.
25:13:28>> Did he close the stores for one evening?
25:13:41Yes,
25:13:44he closed the stores for one evening.
25:13:49Was it an easy choice or a hard choice?
25:14:00He made
25:14:02a hard choice.
25:14:06What had a new meaning?
25:14:16The same locked door had a new meaning.
25:14:27>> It was not a company giving up.
25:14:32It was a company going back to basics.
25:14:49Schulz knew that many people would
25:14:52laugh.
25:14:54He [laughter] did it anyway to improve
25:14:58the quality.
25:15:17What's the company
25:15:19giving up?
25:15:30No,
25:15:33it was not a company giving up.
25:15:38It was a company going back to basics.
25:15:43Did he do it to rest
25:15:47or to improve the quality?
25:15:57He did it to improve the quality.
25:16:03What did Schultz know?
25:16:12Schultz knew
25:16:14that many people would laugh.
25:16:23Sometimes
25:16:24the fastest way forward is to stop and
25:16:30learn the basics again.
25:16:46This is true for English too.
25:16:51Maybe you speak fast with your usual old
25:16:56mistakes.
25:17:18Is this true for English too?
25:17:31Yes,
25:17:34this is true for English too.
25:17:39Do you maybe speak fast
25:17:44or slowly?
25:17:53Maybe you speak fast with your usual old
25:17:58mistakes.
25:18:00What is the fastest way forward?
25:18:13Sometimes the fastest way forward
25:18:17is to stop and learn the basics again.
25:18:27>> Maybe you learn some sounds the wrong
25:18:30way
25:18:32many years ago.
25:18:44So lock your own door for one hour.
25:18:51Go back to one simple sound.
25:19:11Great.
25:19:15>> Did you maybe learn some sounds
25:19:19the wrong way?
25:19:30Yes,
25:19:33maybe you learn some sounds the wrong
25:19:36way
25:19:37many years ago.
25:19:41Should you lock your door for 1 hour
25:19:46or one week?
25:19:55Lock your own door
25:19:58for one hour.
25:20:02What should you go back to?
25:20:13Go back to one simple sound.
25:20:20That's amazing.
25:20:23Let's jump into
25:20:25practice it slowly and carefully
25:20:30like a new learner.
25:20:34Great English needs practice, too.
25:20:53Step back today and your English will
25:20:57improve.
25:21:00That is how you move forward.
25:21:24Let's jump into it.
25:21:26>> Does great English need practice, too.
25:21:40Yes,
25:21:42great English needs practice, too.
25:21:48Should you practice it quickly or slowly
25:21:52and carefully?
25:22:03Practice it slowly
25:22:05and carefully
25:22:08like a new learner.
25:22:11What will happen to your English?
25:22:24Step back today and your English will
25:22:29improve.
25:22:38The grammar we practice today, adverbs
25:22:41of manner. They were learning to make
25:22:45espresso well again.
25:22:49They practiced the basics carefully.
25:22:54Some drinks were made too fast.
25:23:00Maybe you speak fast with your usual old
25:23:03mistakes.
25:23:11Congratulations.
25:23:13You practiced 353 words in this story
25:23:17and you learned a lot.
25:23:29Come on.
25:23:52This is amazing.
25:23:57You know,
25:24:17what's the difference?
25:24:19Too quiet.
25:24:22>> Too quiet. From the book Blink by
25:24:26Malcolm Ladwell.
25:24:28Kitchen
25:24:31feeling
25:24:33suddenly
25:24:35lieutenant
25:24:37spray
25:24:39basement
25:24:42sense
25:24:44ear
25:24:46experience.
25:24:48Usually
25:24:52a small house,
25:24:55a small fire.
25:24:59A very strange feeling.
25:25:17This is Cleveland, a city in America.
25:25:23A fire truck stops outside a house.
25:25:41Awesome.
25:25:46Okay, let's go.
25:25:49>> Is the feeling
25:25:52very strange?
25:26:03Yes,
25:26:06it is a very strange feeling.
25:26:12Is the fire big or small?
25:26:20It is a small fire.
25:26:24Where does the fire truck
25:26:27stop?
25:26:35A fire truck stops outside a house.
25:26:47The house has one floor.
25:26:51The fire is in the kitchen at the back.
25:27:07A fire lieutenant leads his men inside.
25:27:14He is the leader of the team.
25:27:34speaking skills.
25:27:37Does the house have one floor?
25:27:47Yes. The house has one floor.
25:27:53Is the fire in the kitchen
25:27:57or the bedroom?
25:28:06The fire is in the kitchen
25:28:11at the back.
25:28:13Who leads the men inside?
25:28:24A fire left tenant leads his men inside.
25:28:35>> They stand in the living room.
25:28:40They spray water on the kitchen fire.
25:28:55Usually water stops a small fire very
25:29:00fast.
25:29:02This fire does not stop.
25:29:26Do they spray water on the fire?
25:29:38Yes,
25:29:40they spray water on the kitchen fire.
25:29:45Does water usually stop a small fire
25:29:50very fast or very slowly?
25:30:02Usually water stops a small fire very
25:30:07fast.
25:30:09Where do they stand?
25:30:18They stand
25:30:20in the living room.
25:30:26They spray it again.
25:30:30The fire comes back again.
25:30:46The men move back a little.
25:30:50They try one more time.
25:31:03Then the lieutenant has a strange
25:31:07feeling.
25:31:09Something is very wrong here.
25:31:26Great.
25:31:32Does the fire
25:31:35come back?
25:31:45Yes.
25:31:48The fire comes back again.
25:31:52Is something
25:31:55very wrong
25:31:58or very good?
25:32:07Something is very wrong
25:32:10here.
25:32:13What does the left tenant
25:32:16have?
25:32:25The left tenant has
25:32:27a strange feeling.
25:32:37>> He does not know what it is.
25:32:40He can only feel it.
25:32:51Suddenly he shouts at his men to get out
25:32:55of the house.
25:33:04The men do not ask why. They run
25:33:08outside.
25:33:25Does he know what it is?
25:33:37No.
25:33:39He does not know what it is.
25:33:45He can only
25:33:47feel it.
25:33:50Does he shout suddenly
25:33:53or slowly?
25:34:04Suddenly he shouts at his men to get out
25:34:08of the house.
25:34:10What do the men do?
25:34:22The men do not ask why.
25:34:26They run outside.
25:34:33Seconds later,
25:34:36the floor
25:34:38falls in.
25:34:43It is the floor where they were
25:34:46standing.
25:35:02Now the truth comes out.
25:35:06The fire was not in the kitchen.
25:35:28Does the floor
25:35:30fall in?
25:35:41Yes.
25:35:44Seconds later, the floor falls in.
25:35:49Was the fire in the kitchen
25:35:53or not in the kitchen?
25:36:02The fire was not in the kitchen.
25:36:08Which floor falls in?
25:36:18It is the floor
25:36:20where they were standing.
25:36:24>> I'm super proud of you.
25:36:29>> The real fire
25:36:31was under the floor
25:36:35in the basement.
25:36:50The men were standing right on top of
25:36:54the basement fire.
25:37:08Let's jump into it. Was
25:37:11the real fire
25:37:14in the kitchen?
25:37:24No,
25:37:27the real fire was under the floor in the
25:37:31basement.
25:37:33Was the real fire
25:37:36under the floor
25:37:39or in the living room?
25:37:47The real fire was under the floor.
25:37:53Where were the men standing?
25:38:05The men were standing
25:38:08right on top of the basement fire.
25:38:21He shouted.
25:38:24He did not know.
25:38:39He thought maybe it was a sixth sense,
25:38:44a kind of magic.
25:39:01Did the lieutenant know why he shouted?
25:39:13No, he did not know.
25:39:17Did he think it was a sixth sense or a
25:39:22lucky guess?
25:39:33He thought maybe it was a sixth sense, a
25:39:38kind of magic.
25:39:41What did people ask the lieutenant?
25:39:46People
25:39:54asked the lieutenant
25:39:56why he shouted.
25:40:00>> All right, back to the story.
25:40:03Malcolm Gladwell tells this story in his
25:40:06book Blink.
25:40:15A scientist named Gary Klene asked the
25:40:19left tenant many questions.
25:40:32Slowly the answer came out.
25:40:37It was not a sixth sense.
25:41:00Was it a sixth sense?
25:41:11No,
25:41:13it was not a sixth sense.
25:41:17Did Gary Klene ask many questions
25:41:23or a few?
25:41:31He asked the lieutenant many questions.
25:41:37Who tells this story in his book Blink?
25:41:49Malcolm Gladwell tells this story in his
25:41:53book Blink.
25:42:02>> The room was too hot for a small kitchen
25:42:06fire.
25:42:15and it was too quiet.
25:42:18Big fires are usually
25:42:22very loud.
25:42:41Was the room too hot
25:42:45for a small kitchen fire?
25:42:58Yes.
25:42:59The room was too hot for a small kitchen
25:43:04fire.
25:43:06Was the room too quiet
25:43:10or too loud?
25:43:19It was
25:43:21too
25:43:22quiet.
25:43:25How are big fires usually?
25:43:36Big fires are usually very loud.
25:43:42That's amazing.
25:43:46>> His mind knew many fires.
25:43:51It saw the problem before he did.
25:44:09Many years of fires became one quiet
25:44:13feeling.
25:44:16Experience
25:44:17often talks like that.
25:44:38How
25:44:42does experience often talk like that?
25:44:55Yes,
25:44:57experience often talks like that.
25:45:02Did many years of fires become one quiet
25:45:07feeling
25:45:09or one loud shout?
25:45:20Many years of fires
25:45:23became one quiet feeling.
25:45:28What saw the problem
25:45:30before [clears throat] he did.
25:45:42His mind saw the problem.
25:45:48It knew many fires.
25:45:56>> This is true for English too.
25:46:01Your ear learns from every sentence you
25:46:07hear.
25:46:23One day a sentence will suddenly sound
25:46:27wrong.
25:46:29You will not know why.
25:46:35Awesome.
25:46:51Will you know why the sentence sounds
25:46:55wrong?
25:47:01>> No, you will not know why.
25:47:06Will a sentence sound wrong slowly
25:47:11or suddenly?
25:47:21One day a sentence will suddenly sound
25:47:25wrong.
25:47:27What does your ear learn from?
25:47:38Your ear learns from every sentence you
25:47:42hear.
25:47:45>> Congratulations.
25:47:51>> Good.
25:47:53That feeling is not magic.
25:47:58It is your ears experience
25:48:03speaking to you.
25:48:19Listen to that feeling first.
25:48:25Then
25:48:26check the rule.
25:48:45Let's jump into it.
25:48:48Is that feeling
25:48:50magic?
25:49:01No,
25:49:04that feeling is not magic.
25:49:09It is your ears experience.
25:49:15Should you listen to the feeling first
25:49:19or check the l first?
25:49:31Listen to that feeling first.
25:49:36Then check the rule.
25:49:40What is that feeling?
25:49:50It is your ears experience
25:49:54speaking to you.
25:50:03The grammar we practice today very too.
25:50:07A very strange feeling.
25:50:12Usually water stops a small fire very
25:50:15fast.
25:50:18Something is very wrong here.
25:50:22The room was too hot for a small kitchen
25:50:25fire.
25:50:33Congratulations.
25:50:35You practiced 340 words in this story
25:50:39and you learned a lot.
25:50:44>> Congratulations. for
25:51:13awesome.
25:51:15Steve Jobs. Oh my god. Steve Jobs.
25:51:35Perfection.
25:51:53But it's a nice time to think about
25:51:55innovation.
25:51:5710 seconds.
25:52:00>> 10 seconds from the book Steve Jobs by
25:52:04Walter Isacson.
25:52:07Code
25:52:09human
25:52:11extra
25:52:14add
25:52:16single
25:52:18summary.
25:52:20Repeat
25:52:22begin
25:52:24white
25:52:26several.
25:52:29Look at this old computer.
25:52:33It is small with a black and white
25:52:36screen.
25:52:49This is the first Macintosh.
25:52:55People called it the Mac.
25:53:12Walter Isaxson tells this story in his
25:53:15book Steve Jobs.
25:53:27Awesome.
25:53:33Okay, let's go.
25:53:35>> Is the old computer
25:53:40small?
25:53:50Yes,
25:53:52it is small
25:53:54with a black and white screen.
25:53:59Is the screen black and white or full of
25:54:04color?
25:54:13It is small with a black and white
25:54:17screen.
25:54:19What did people call it?
25:54:27People called it the Mac.
25:54:32>> I'm super proud of you.
25:54:37>> Jobs led the team that built the Mac.
25:54:43He wanted it to be
25:54:46perfect.
25:54:52Before
25:55:01the Mac was ready, he went to see an
25:55:05engineer.
25:55:16>> Let's jump into it.
25:55:19Did Jobs want the Mac to be perfect?
25:55:31Yes,
25:55:34he wanted it to be perfect.
25:55:37Did he go to see an engineer
25:55:42or a doctor?
25:55:50He went to see an engineer
25:55:54who led the team that built the Mac.
25:56:06Jobs led the team that built the Mac.
25:56:13>> Congratulations. Let's keep going.
25:56:16>> The engineer was Larry Kenyon.
25:56:21He worked on the code that started the
25:56:24Mac.
25:56:38Jobs had a problem with it.
25:56:41The Mac took too long to start.
25:57:01>> Did Kenyon work on the code?
25:57:13Yes,
25:57:15he worked on the code that started the
25:57:19Mac.
25:57:21Did the Mac start too fast
25:57:25or take too long?
25:57:33A Mac took too long to start.
25:57:38Who was the engineer?
25:57:46The engineer was Larry Kenyon.
25:57:55Kenyon began to explain why
25:57:59it was very hard to make it faster.
25:58:12Jobs stopped him.
25:58:16Then he asked him a big question.
25:58:36Was it hard to make the Mac faster?
25:58:48Yes,
25:58:50[clears throat] it was very hard to make
25:58:53it faster.
25:58:56Did Kenyon begin to explain
25:59:00or begin to shout.
25:59:11Kenyon began to explain
25:59:14why.
25:59:16What did Jobs ask him?
25:59:27He asked him a big question.
25:59:33Extraordinary. Let's keep it up in
25:59:39Could Kenyan cut 10 seconds, he asked.
25:59:45to save a human life.
26:00:02Now think for a moment.
26:00:0510 seconds is very short.
26:00:09Does it really matter?
26:00:31Did Jobs ask about a human life?
26:00:46Yes.
26:00:49Could Kenyon cut 10 seconds? He asked
26:00:54to save a human life.
26:00:59Is 10 seconds very short
26:01:03or very long?
26:01:1210 seconds is very short.
26:01:16How many seconds did Jobs want Kenyon to
26:01:21cut?
26:01:3110 seconds.
26:01:36Could Kenyon [snorts] cut 10 seconds? He
26:01:40asked.
26:01:43>> Well done.
26:01:47>> The obvious answer is no.
26:01:5110 seconds is nothing.
26:02:04Jobs did not agree.
26:02:07He went to a big white board and picked
26:02:11up a pen.
26:02:29Did Jobs agree?
26:02:39No.
26:02:42Jobs did not agree.
26:02:46Did he go to a white board or a window?
26:02:59He went to a big white board and picked
26:03:04up a pen.
26:03:07What is the obvious answer?
26:03:19The obvious answer is no.
26:03:2410 seconds is nothing.
26:03:29>> All right, back to the story.
26:03:32He said maybe 5 million people would use
26:03:37the Mac one day.
26:03:51Every day
26:03:53each person would wait
26:03:5610 extra seconds.
26:04:15Can
26:04:17>> Would each person wait 10 extra seconds?
26:04:33Yes.
26:04:35Every day each person would wait 10
26:04:40extra seconds.
26:04:43Would 5,000
26:04:45or 5 million people use the Mac?
26:04:58Maybe 5 million people would use the Mac
26:05:02one day.
26:05:05How long would each person wait every
26:05:10day?
26:05:19Each person would wait 10 extra seconds.
26:05:32>> He added all those seconds together.
26:05:38The answer was
26:05:40very very big.
26:05:59It was like several whole human lives
26:06:04lost every single year.
26:06:23Did he add all those seconds together?
26:06:36Yes,
26:06:38he added all those seconds together.
26:06:44Was the answer small
26:06:47or very big?
26:06:57The answer was very very big.
26:07:03What was it like?
26:07:15It was like several whole human lives
26:07:20last every single year.
26:07:27>> That's great.
26:07:30>> All that extra time lost to waiting
26:07:36just because of 10 small seconds.
26:07:56Kenyon listened.
26:07:59Then he began to work on the code again.
26:08:19Was all that extra time lost to waiting?
26:08:35Yes.
26:08:37All that extra time was lost to waiting.
26:08:43Did Kenyon listen
26:08:46or walk away?
26:08:52Kenyon listened.
26:08:55What did Kenyon begin to do?
26:09:05>> He began to work on the code again.
26:09:18Let's keep it up.
26:09:20Several weeks later, he came back to
26:09:24jobs with new code.
26:09:36Now the max started faster.
26:09:39Not 10 seconds faster,
26:09:4428
26:09:46seconds faster.
26:10:09Did the mech start
26:10:12faster?
26:10:21Yes.
26:10:24Now the max started faster.
26:10:28Was it 10 seconds faster
26:10:33or 28
26:10:35seconds faster?
26:10:47Not 10 seconds faster.
26:10:5228
26:10:54seconds faster.
26:10:58When did he come back to jobs?
26:11:11Several weeks later, he came back to
26:11:15jobs with new code.
26:11:24So what was the missing clue?
26:11:29It was not the seconds.
26:11:33It was the people.
26:11:51For a single person, 10 seconds is
26:11:54small.
26:11:57for millions repeated every day.
26:12:02It is huge.
26:12:22I'm sorry.
26:12:24>> Is 10 seconds small for a single person?
26:12:37Yes.
26:12:39For a single person 10 seconds is small.
26:12:45Was the missing clue the seconds
26:12:49or the people?
26:12:59It was not the seconds.
26:13:03It was the people.
26:13:07What is it for millions
26:13:10repeated every day
26:13:20for millions repeated every day? It is
26:13:25huge.
26:13:28>> Fabulous. Let's keep it up.
26:13:31Small things repeated by millions of
26:13:35people
26:13:36become giant things.
26:13:50This is also true for the small things
26:13:53you make for others.
26:14:04Great.
26:14:08Is this also true for the small things
26:14:12you make?
26:14:22Yes,
26:14:25this is also true for the small things
26:14:28you make for others.
26:14:32Do small things become giant things
26:14:36or stay small.
26:14:48Small things repeated by millions of
26:14:51people
26:14:53become giant things.
26:14:58Who do you make small things for?
26:15:06You make them for others.
26:15:14>> And let's continue.
26:15:16>> A clearer message can save every person
26:15:19on your team
26:15:21sometime.
26:15:33A good English summary can help a whole
26:15:37class,
26:15:39not just you.
26:15:50Add a short summary to your next English
26:15:55email.
26:16:03Carry one question with you today.
26:16:08What [clears throat] small thing can you
26:16:10make better for many people?
26:16:31Let's jump into it.
26:16:34Can a clearer message save your team
26:16:38time?
26:16:48Yes,
26:16:51a clearer message can save every person
26:16:55on your team some time.
26:16:59Can a good summary help only you or a
26:17:04whole class?
26:17:14A good English summary can help a whole
26:17:18class,
26:17:21not just you.
26:17:24What can you add to your next English
26:17:29email?
26:17:39Add a short summary to your next English
26:17:44email.
26:17:53The grammar we practice today
26:17:55comparatives.
26:17:57It was very hard to make it faster.
26:18:02Now the Mac started faster.
26:18:07Not 10 seconds faster.
26:18:1128 seconds faster.
26:18:21Congratulations.
26:18:23You practiced 354
26:18:26words in this story and you learned a
26:18:29lot.
26:19:00Wait a
26:19:03It's going to be a lot different
26:19:07mindset.
26:19:20Growth mindset.
26:19:37It's It's such a great book.
26:19:47The wrong way.
26:19:50The wrong way. From the book Mindset by
26:19:54Carol S. Dwick.
26:19:57Ball
26:20:00stadium
26:20:02crowd
26:20:04hero
26:20:06shame
26:20:09career
26:20:11football
26:20:13drop
26:20:15yard
26:20:17cross.
26:20:20Look at this man.
26:20:23He had the ball and he ran very fast.
26:20:41It was 1964.
26:20:46He played American football for the
26:20:50Minnesota Vikings.
26:21:20Did he have the ball.
26:21:32Yes,
26:21:34he had the ball and he ran very fast.
26:21:41Did he play American football
26:21:44or baseball?
26:21:54He played American football for the
26:21:57Minnesota Vikings.
26:22:00What year was it?
26:22:08It was 1964.
26:22:14His
26:22:17name was Jim Marshall.
26:22:21He was one of the strongest players on
26:22:24his team.
26:22:37A player on the other team dropped the
26:22:40ball.
26:22:42Marshall picked it up.
26:23:02>> Was he one of the strongest players on
26:23:06his team?
26:23:16Yes,
26:23:18he was one of the strongest players on
26:23:21his team.
26:23:24Did a player on the other team drop the
26:23:28ball or kick it?
26:23:39A player on the other team dropped the
26:23:43ball.
26:23:45What did Marshall do?
26:23:52Marshall picked it up.
26:23:58That's great.
26:24:02He ran yard after yard.
26:24:07Nobody could catch him.
26:24:12A hero, you think. [cheering]
26:24:30The crowd was loud.
26:24:34His
26:24:36teammates [cheering]
26:24:36shouted at him too.
26:24:57Could anyone catch him?
26:25:07No,
26:25:09nobody could catch him.
26:25:13Was the crowd loud
26:25:16or quiet?
26:25:23The crowd was loud.
26:25:27How far did he run?
26:25:36He ran yard after yard.
26:25:42That's amazing.
26:25:51the line.
26:25:55Happy
26:25:57he threw the ball away.
26:26:14Then a player from the other team came
26:26:17over
26:26:18and thanked him.
26:26:33Did he cross the line?
26:26:44Yes,
26:26:46he ran 66 yards and crossed the line.
26:26:53Did he keep the ball or throw it away?
26:27:05Happy he threw [clears throat] the ball
26:27:08away.
26:27:11Who thanked him?
26:27:21A player from the other team came over
26:27:25and thanked him.
26:27:33Why?
26:27:35He was not a hero.
26:27:40He ran the wrong way toward his own
26:27:44team's end.
26:28:00He crossed the wrong line.
26:28:05His
26:28:07mistake gave two points to the other
26:28:10team.
26:28:28Let's jump into it.
26:28:30Was he a hero?
26:28:42No,
26:28:44he was not a hero.
26:28:49He ran the wrong way.
26:28:52Did he run the right way
26:28:56or the wrong way?
26:29:07He ran the wrong way toward his own
26:29:11team's end.
26:29:14What did his mistake give the other
26:29:18team?
26:29:23His
26:29:28mistake gave two points to the other
26:29:32team.
26:29:37Let's jump into
26:29:42Let's keep it up.
26:29:44The whole crowd in the stadium saw it.
26:29:49>> [laughter]
26:29:49>> It was the worst moment [clears throat]
26:29:52of his life.
26:30:09Think for a moment.
26:30:11What would you do after a mistake like
26:30:15that?
26:30:17Awesome.
26:30:32>> Was it the worst moment of his life?
26:30:46Yes,
26:30:49it was the worst moment of his life.
26:30:56Did a few people see it or the whole
26:31:00crowd?
26:31:09The whole crowd in the stadium saw it.
26:31:15Where was the crowd?
26:31:25The whole crowd was in the stadium.
26:31:34>> Every eye in the stadium
26:31:38was on him.
26:31:48The game was not over yet.
26:31:51Marshall had a choice.
26:32:03He could sit in his shame
26:32:06or do something about it.
26:32:19speaking.
26:32:24Was every eye in the stadium
26:32:29on him?
26:32:39Yes.
26:32:42Every eye in the stadium was on him.
26:32:47Was the game over
26:32:50or not over yet?
26:32:58The game was not over yet.
26:33:03What choice did Marshall have?
26:33:15He could sit in his shame
26:33:19or do something about it.
26:33:24>> Well done.
26:33:27He later said,
26:33:30"If you make a mistake,
26:33:33you got to make it right."
26:33:47So he did not hide.
26:33:52He went back onto the field with his
26:33:55team.
26:34:10Awesome.
26:34:13Did he
26:34:15hide?
26:34:24No,
26:34:26he did not hide.
26:34:30Did he go home
26:34:34or back onto the field?
26:34:44He went back onto the field with his
26:34:47team.
26:34:49What did he later say?
26:35:00If you make a mistake,
26:35:02you got to make it right.
26:35:11In the end,
26:35:13his team held on and won the game.
26:35:18[cheering]
26:35:28He did not hide in shame the next week
26:35:31either.
26:35:39Great.
26:35:43Did he hide
26:35:45in shame
26:35:47the next week?
26:35:58No,
26:36:00he did not hide in shame. the next week
26:36:04either.
26:36:07Did his team win
26:36:09or lose the game?
26:36:19His team held on and won the game.
26:36:25When did his team win?
26:36:37In the end,
26:36:39his team held on and won the game.
26:36:46>> All right, back to the story.
26:36:49>> His career went on for many more years.
26:36:55>> [cheering]
26:36:56>> He did not miss a single game.
26:37:15It became one of the most famous
26:37:17mistakes in football.
26:37:21His
26:37:23team remembers what came after.
26:37:44>> Did his career go on for many more
26:37:48years?
26:37:58Yes,
26:38:01his career went on for many more years.
26:38:07Did he miss many games
26:38:12or not a single game?
26:38:21He did not miss a single game.
26:38:27What did it become?
26:38:38It became one of the most famous
26:38:42mistakes in football.
26:38:52The mistake took a few seconds.
26:38:56His answer took the rest of his career.
26:39:14Your worst mistake
26:39:17can be followed by your best effort.
26:39:33>> Let's jump into it. Did the mistake take
26:39:36a few seconds?
26:39:47Yes,
26:39:49the mistake took
26:39:52a few seconds.
26:39:55Did his answer take a few seconds
26:40:00or the rest of his career?
26:40:03His
26:40:11answer took the rest of his career.
26:40:17What can follow your worst mistake?
26:40:31Your worst mistake
26:40:34can be followed by your best effort.
26:40:46>> This story lives in Carol Dwek's book,
26:40:50Mindset.
26:40:59Maybe you made a mistake in English
26:41:02today.
26:41:05Maybe someone laughed.
26:41:18>> Now it's your turn. Answer the
26:41:21questions.
26:41:22Does this story live in the book
26:41:26Mindset?
26:41:36Yes.
26:41:39This story lives in Carol Dwick's book,
26:41:43Mindset.
26:41:46Did someone maybe laugh or clap?
26:41:57Maybe someone laughed.
26:42:01Where did you maybe make a mistake
26:42:04today?
26:42:12Maybe you made a mistake in English
26:42:15today.
26:42:25Maybe you said the wrong word at the
26:42:28worst time
26:42:30in class.
26:42:41Your game is not over.
26:42:46Do not drop your head.
26:42:59Say the right word again out loud.
26:43:06Then get back on the field.
26:43:29Let's jump into it.
26:43:31Is your game
26:43:34over?
26:43:44No,
26:43:46your game is not over.
26:43:52Do not drop your head.
26:43:56Did you say the wrong word at the best
26:43:59time
26:44:01or the worst time?
26:44:12Maybe you said the wrong word at the
26:44:15worst time in class.
26:44:20Where should you get back
26:44:29then? Get back on the field.
26:44:40The grammar we practiced today,
26:44:43superlatives. He was one of the
26:44:45strongest players on his team.
26:44:50It was the worst moment of his life.
26:44:55It became one of the most famous
26:44:58mistakes in football.
26:45:02Your worst mistake can be followed by
26:45:05your best effort.
26:45:14Congratulations.
26:45:15You practiced 347 words in this story
26:45:19and you learned a lot.
26:45:37>> [laughter]
26:45:48>> Great job. So let me stop you here for a
26:45:51second.
26:45:56People who have
26:46:11foreign
26:46:41Foreign
26:47:11for
26:47:37English.
26:47:42You can
26:47:58Academy.
26:48:21for
26:48:42stick.
26:49:06But anyways,
26:49:11awake the giant within.
26:49:15Foreign
26:49:23speech. Foreign speech. Foreign speech.
26:49:52social media. Yeah.
26:50:05Alhamdulillah.
26:50:249,000 things.
26:50:27>> 9,000 things from the book Awaken the
26:50:31Giant Within by Tony Robbins.
26:50:35Truck.
26:50:37Mayor.
26:50:39Fuel.
26:50:41Motorcycle.
26:50:44Wheelchair.
26:50:46Businessman.
26:50:49Catch.
26:50:51Accident.
26:50:54Survive.
26:50:56Courage.
26:50:59A young man was riding his motorcycle
26:51:04in a big American city.
26:51:18He was strong and happy.
26:51:23He had many plans for his life.
26:51:50Was the young man
26:51:54riding a motorcycle?
26:52:05Yes,
26:52:08he was riding his motorcycle
26:52:12in a big American city.
26:52:16Was he weak
26:52:19or was he strong?
26:52:31He was strong.
26:52:36He was strong
26:52:38and happy.
26:52:41What did he have for his life?
26:52:51He had many plans for his life.
26:52:57>> All right, back to the story.
26:53:01>> Then a truck turned in front of him.
26:53:06He could not stop.
26:53:17He hit the truck.
26:53:21The fuel from his motorcycle caught
26:53:24fire.
26:53:36The fuel burned fast.
26:53:41The fire burned most of his body. Could
26:54:03he stop in front of the truck?
26:54:16No,
26:54:19he could not stop.
26:54:22He hit the truck.
26:54:25Did the fuel catch fire
26:54:29or did the truck catch fire?
26:54:42The fuel caught fire.
26:54:47The fuel from his motorcycle
26:54:50caught fire.
26:54:53What did the fire
26:54:56burn?
26:55:04The fire burned
26:55:07most of his body.
26:55:13>> It was a terrible accident.
26:55:19He survived
26:55:20and he stayed in hospital for months.
26:55:38He lost most of his fingers.
26:55:43His face looked very different.
26:55:47Life was hard.
26:56:09Did he survive the accident?
26:56:21Yes,
26:56:24he survived
26:56:28and he stayed in hospital
26:56:31for months.
26:56:34Was it a small accident
26:56:37or a terrible accident?
26:56:47It was
26:56:49a terrible accident.
26:56:53What did he lose?
26:57:01He lost
26:57:03most of his fingers.
26:57:11He could not pick up a fork alone.
26:57:16He had to learn simple things again.
26:57:32He did not stop.
26:57:37Slowly he started to work again.
26:57:52Now it's your turn. Answer the
26:57:55questions.
26:57:58>> Could he pick up a fork
26:58:02alone?
26:58:12No,
26:58:14he could not pick up a fork alone.
26:58:20Did he stop or did he start to work
26:58:25again?
26:58:36He did not stop.
26:58:41Slowly [snorts]
26:58:43he started to work again.
26:58:47What did he have to learn
26:58:50again?
26:58:59He had to learn simple things again
26:59:11with two friends. He started a company.
26:59:17It made wood stoves.
26:59:21He was a businessman now.
26:59:38Then
26:59:404 years after the fire,
26:59:43a second accident caught him.
27:00:00Let's jump into it.
27:00:02Was he a businessman? No.
27:00:15Yes.
27:00:17He started a company with two friends.
27:00:23He was a businessman. Now,
27:00:27did the company make wood stoves
27:00:32or motorcycles?
27:00:39It made wood stoves
27:00:444 years after the fire.
27:00:48What caught him?
27:00:56A second accident caught him.
27:01:04Let's jump into
27:01:08Let's keep it up.
27:01:10He was flying a small plane. There was
27:01:14ice on its wings.
27:01:26The plane crashed.
27:01:30He survived again,
27:01:34but he could not move his legs.
27:01:57Was there ice
27:02:00on the wings?
27:02:09Yes, there was ice on its wings.
27:02:16Was he flying a small plane
27:02:21or a big plane?
27:02:29He was flying
27:02:31a small plane.
27:02:34After the crash,
27:02:37what could he not move?
27:02:49He survived again,
27:02:52but he could not move his legs.
27:02:57>> I'm super proud of you.
27:03:01I guess
27:03:02>> he had to use a wheelchair
27:03:06for the rest of his life.
27:03:18Many people would give up now.
27:03:24Would you?
27:03:28Would
27:03:42many people
27:03:44give up now?
27:03:55Yes,
27:03:57many people would give up now.
27:04:02Did he have to use a bike
27:04:06or a wheelchair?
27:04:15He had to use
27:04:18a wheelchair.
27:04:21How long did he have to use a
27:04:24wheelchair?
27:04:34He had to use a wheelchair
27:04:38for the rest of his life.
27:04:45That's great.
27:04:49He did not.
27:04:53With quiet courage, he counted what was
27:04:57left.
27:05:12He said that before he could do 10,000
27:05:18things.
27:05:37Did he
27:05:39give up?
27:05:50No,
27:05:52he did not.
27:05:56With quiet courage, he counted what was
27:06:00left.
27:06:03Did he count with courage
27:06:07or with fear?
27:06:14He counted with quiet courage
27:06:20before.
27:06:22How many things could he do
27:06:31before he could do 10,000
27:06:34things?
27:06:40Now he could do 9,000.
27:06:46He wanted to use those.
27:07:02He could not walk.
27:07:05He could still think, speak, and lead.
27:07:22>> Awesome. Walked to the feet. Let's go.
27:07:26>> Could he
27:07:28walk?
27:07:34No,
27:07:36he could not walk.
27:07:39Could he do 9,000 things
27:07:44or nine things?
27:07:53Now he could do 9,000
27:07:57things.
27:07:59What could he still do?
27:08:10He could still think,
27:08:13speak, and lead.
27:08:22He became the mayor of a small town in
27:08:26Colorado.
27:08:36As mayor, he helped save a mountain from
27:08:39a big mine.
27:08:50His company did very well.
27:08:54He became a rich businessman.
27:09:15Did he become the mayor of a small town?
27:09:30Yes.
27:09:32He became the mayor of a small town in
27:09:36Colorado.
27:09:39As mayor,
27:09:41did he save a mountain
27:09:44or a river?
27:09:55As mayor, he helped save a mountain from
27:09:59a big mine.
27:10:02When his company did well,
27:10:06what did he become?
27:10:13He became a rich businessman.
27:10:17Extraordinary.
27:10:20Let's keep it up.
27:10:22>> Later, he spoke to thousands of people
27:10:28[applause] from his wheelchair.
27:10:41You may not know his name.
27:10:45That is fine. His
27:10:48name is W.
27:10:52Mitchell.
27:11:15Did he speak
27:11:17from his wheelchair?
27:11:28Yes.
27:11:31He spoke to thousands of people from his
27:11:35wheelchair.
27:11:38Did he speak to 10 people
27:11:41or thousands of people?
27:11:49He spoke to thousands of people.
27:11:54What is his name?
27:12:04His name is W.
27:12:07Mitchell.
27:12:15He also wrote a book with a simple
27:12:18title.
27:12:20Here it is.
27:12:31It's not what happens to you.
27:12:35It's what you do about it.
27:12:53>> Did he write a book?
27:13:06Yes.
27:13:08He also wrote a book with a simple
27:13:12title.
27:13:14Is it what happens to you or what you do
27:13:19about it?
27:13:29It's not what happens to you, it's what
27:13:34you do about it.
27:13:37What kind of title does his book have?
27:13:47He wrote a book with a simple title.
27:13:54incoming.
27:13:56>> You cannot choose every problem.
27:14:01You can choose
27:14:04your next step.
27:14:20Maybe your English is not where you want
27:14:24it to be.
27:14:40Can you choose
27:14:43every problem?
27:14:53No,
27:14:55you cannot choose every problem.
27:15:00Can you choose your problems or your
27:15:04next step?
27:15:13You can choose your next step.
27:15:19What may not be
27:15:22where you want it to be.
27:15:31Maybe your English is not where you want
27:15:35it to be.
27:15:45So count like he did.
27:15:50Write down what you can still do today.
27:16:07Then choose one
27:16:10and do it.
27:16:15That
27:16:16is courage.
27:16:37Let's jump into it.
27:16:40>> Is choosing one thing and doing it
27:16:45courage?
27:16:55Yes.
27:16:57Choose one and do it.
27:17:02That is courage. [clears throat]
27:17:05Do you choose one thing
27:17:09or 10 things?
27:17:18Choose one thing and do it.
27:17:24What do you write down
27:17:27today?
27:17:35Write down what you can still do today.
27:17:47The grammar we practice today. Could
27:17:50couldn't. He could not stop.
27:17:56He could not pick up a fork alone.
27:18:01He survived again, but he could not move
27:18:03his legs.
27:18:07He said that before he could do 10,000
27:18:10things.
27:18:18Congratulations.
27:18:19You practiced 349
27:18:22words in this story and you learned a
27:18:25lot.
27:18:27Awesome.
27:18:43onward
27:18:48Starbucks. Okay.
27:19:01The couch
27:19:03from the book onward by Howard Schultz.
27:19:08Insurance.
27:19:10Couch.
27:19:12Memory.
27:19:15Ice.
27:19:17Power.
27:19:19Ankle.
27:19:21Hip.
27:19:23Guide.
27:19:25lie
27:19:27cast.
27:19:31One big investor,
27:19:34one bad year,
27:19:38one easy way to save money.
27:19:58Howard Schultz, the boss of Starbucks,
27:20:01told this story many times.
27:20:19Was
27:20:24there one easy way to save money?
27:20:39Yes.
27:20:41One easy way to save money.
27:20:47Was Howard Schultz the boss of Starbucks
27:20:52or a worker?
27:21:01Howard Schultz was the boss of
27:21:05Starbucks.
27:21:07How many times did he tell this story?
27:21:19He told this story
27:21:22many times.
27:21:28>> It was the time of the big money crisis.
27:21:35The company was in trouble too.
27:21:50The company had to cut costs and fast.
27:21:56The choice was his.
27:22:13speaking.
27:22:18Did the company have to cut costs?
27:22:32Yes,
27:22:34the company had to cut costs and fast.
27:22:40Was the company doing well
27:22:44or in trouble?
27:22:51The company was in trouble, too.
27:22:56Whose choice was it?
27:23:04The choice was his.
27:23:12>> The investor had an idea.
27:23:16Stop health insurance for workers who
27:23:19worked part-time.
27:23:32Health insurance means the company helps
27:23:36pay when you see a doctor.
27:23:42Awesome.
27:23:54Did the investor want to stop health
27:23:58insurance?
27:24:09Yes.
27:24:11He wanted to stop health insurance for
27:24:15part-time workers.
27:24:18Was it for full-time workers
27:24:22or part-time workers?
27:24:32It was for workers who worked parttime.
27:24:39What does health insurance mean?
27:24:49The company helps pay when you see a
27:24:53doctor.
27:24:59Now was the perfect time. He said
27:25:03nobody would be surprised.
27:25:15And you might think that is business.
27:25:21A company has to save money.
27:25:44Does a company have to save money?
27:25:57Yes, you might think a company has to
27:26:01save money.
27:26:05Was it the perfect time or a bad time?
27:26:10He said,
27:26:17"Now was the perfect time." He said,
27:26:21"Who would be
27:26:24surprised?"
27:26:31Nobody would be surprised.
27:26:41>> To understand Schultz's answer, we have
27:26:44to go back to 1961.
27:26:57Schultz was a boy of seven.
27:27:00His family lived in a small apartment in
27:27:03Brooklyn.
27:27:16Let's jump into it.
27:27:19Do we have to go back to 1961?
27:27:33Yes,
27:27:35we have to go back to 1961.
27:27:42Was Schulz a boy of seven
27:27:46or a man?
27:27:53Schultz was a boy of seven.
27:27:58Where did his family live?
27:28:09His family lived in a small apartment in
27:28:14Brooklyn.
27:28:17>> Well done.
27:28:20>> His father drove a truck.
27:28:24He took clean diapers for babies to
27:28:28people's homes.
27:28:42It was a hard job. The pay was low.
27:28:59Did his father drive a trunk?
27:29:11Yes.
27:29:13His father drove a truck.
27:29:18Was the pay high
27:29:21or low?
27:29:29The pay was low. It was a hard job.
27:29:35What did he take to people's homes?
27:29:48He took clean diapers for babies to
27:29:53people's homes.
27:29:56>> All right, back to the story.
27:29:59>> One cold day in January,
27:30:05there was ice on the street.
27:30:10His father fell on the ice.
27:30:29He broke his ankle and his hip.
27:30:36He could not walk
27:30:40or work.
27:31:00speaking.
27:31:03Was there ice
27:31:06on the street?
27:31:18Yes,
27:31:20there was ice on the street
27:31:25and his father fell on the ice.
27:31:30Did he break his arm
27:31:34or his ankle?
27:31:45He broke his ankle
27:31:49and his hip.
27:31:52What could he not do?
27:32:04He could not walk
27:32:08or work.
27:32:17Then the company let him go.
27:32:23He lost his job.
27:32:36He had no health insurance.
27:32:40And no money was coming in.
27:33:01Did he have health insurance?
27:33:12No,
27:33:14he had no health insurance.
27:33:18Did he keep his job
27:33:22or lose it?
27:33:28He lost his job.
27:33:32What was not coming in?
27:33:43No money was coming in.
27:33:53>> He had to lie on the couch.
27:33:56A cast went from his hip
27:34:00to his ankle.
27:34:14that memory stayed with the boy.
27:34:20years later he wrote about it in his
27:34:23books.
27:34:43Did his father have to lie
27:34:47on the couch?
27:34:56Yes,
27:34:58he had to lie [clears throat]
27:35:00on the couch.
27:35:03Was the cast on his leg
27:35:08or on his arm?
27:35:19The cast went from his hip
27:35:23to his ankle.
27:35:26What stayed with the boy?
27:35:36That memory stayed with the boy.
27:35:45So when the investor called,
27:35:49Schultz remembered
27:35:53his father
27:35:55lying on that couch
27:35:58in that cast. [clears throat]
27:36:16He said, "No,
27:36:21part-time workers did not have to lose
27:36:25their insurance.
27:36:45Did part-time workers have to lose their
27:36:49insurance?
27:37:00No,
27:37:03part-time workers did not have to lose
27:37:06their insurance.
27:37:09Did Schulz say yes
27:37:13or no?
27:37:19He said no.
27:37:23When the investor called,
27:37:26what did Schultz remember
27:37:38his father lying on that couch in that
27:37:44cast?
27:37:49That's great.
27:37:52If the investor did not agree, he could
27:37:56sell his shares.
27:38:07It was not cheap.
27:38:09The company paid more for health care
27:38:13than for coffee.
27:38:28Let's jump into it.
27:38:31>> Was it
27:38:33cheap?
27:38:40>> No,
27:38:42it was not cheap.
27:38:46Did the company pay more for health care
27:38:51or for coffee?
27:39:00The company paid more for health care
27:39:03than for coffee.
27:39:06If he did not agree,
27:39:09what could the investor do?
27:39:18He could sell his shares.
27:39:24>> That's amazing.
27:39:27>> Power is a test of memory.
27:39:33Remember where you came from.
27:39:49One day you may lead a team,
27:39:53a class
27:39:56or a company.
27:40:13speaking skills.
27:40:16>> Is power a test of memory?
27:40:28Yes,
27:40:31power is a test of memory.
27:40:36Do you remember where you came from
27:40:41or forget it?
27:40:49Remember where you came from.
27:40:54one day.
27:40:56What may you lead
27:41:08one day you may lead a team,
27:41:11a class
27:41:13or a company.
27:41:17>> That's amazing.
27:41:19yellow head. Let's jump into
27:41:22>> You will make choices for people
27:41:26who have less than you.
27:41:38So remember your own hard days.
27:41:41[clears throat]
27:41:44You do not have to hide them.
27:41:49They are a guide.
27:42:07Let that memory be your guide.
27:42:11When you have the power,
27:42:15who will you protect?
27:42:34Final round.
27:42:40Do you have to hide your hard days?
27:42:54No,
27:42:56you do not have to hide them.
27:43:00They are a guide.
27:43:04Are your hard days only pain
27:43:09or a guide?
27:43:19They are not only pain.
27:43:22They are a guide.
27:43:26What can that memory be?
27:43:35Let that memory be your guide.
27:43:47The grammar we practice today have to
27:43:50don't have to. The company had to cut
27:43:53costs and fast.
27:43:58A company has to save money.
27:44:03To understand Schulz's answer, we have
27:44:05to go back to 1961.
27:44:10He had to lie on the couch.
27:44:19Congratulations.
27:44:21You practiced 352
27:44:24words in this story and you learned a
27:44:28lot.
27:44:31That's amazing. Awesome.
27:44:40Amazing.
27:44:51Rich dad, poor dad.
27:45:07foreign.
27:45:31for
27:46:10foreign.
27:46:32[sighs]
27:46:41Danny,
27:47:07please. for
27:47:12the video.
27:47:34That's that's the difference. Guess
27:47:36bestselling not best writing.
27:47:40>> Bestselling
27:47:42not best writing from the book Rich Dad
27:47:45Poor Dad by Robert Kiyosaki.
27:47:49Interview
27:47:52author
27:47:54reporter
27:47:56literature
27:47:59respect
27:48:01novel
27:48:03present.
27:48:05scene
27:48:07master
27:48:10notebook.
27:48:13A quiet interview in Singapore.
27:48:19A young newspaper reporter opened her
27:48:22notebook.
27:48:36She was there to interview a visiting
27:48:39author,
27:48:42Robert Kiyosaki.
27:49:06Did the reporter open
27:49:10her notebook?
27:49:22Yes.
27:49:24A young newspaper reporter
27:49:27opened her notebook.
27:49:32Was it a loud interview
27:49:36or a quiet interview?
27:49:46It was a quiet interview
27:49:49in Singapore.
27:49:52Who was she there to interview?
27:50:06She was there to interview a visiting
27:50:10author,
27:50:12Robert Kiosaki.
27:50:21The reporter asked her questions and he
27:50:25answered.
27:50:28It was a normal day at work.
27:50:43Then she told him about her own big
27:50:49dream.
27:51:02a bit.
27:51:03>> Was it a normal day at work?
27:51:07[clears throat]
27:51:14Yes,
27:51:16it was a normal day at work.
27:51:20Did the reporter ask questions
27:51:24or answer them?
27:51:35The reporter asked her questions
27:51:40and he answered,
27:51:43"What did she tell him about?
27:51:55She told him about her own big dream.
27:52:03>> All right, back to the story.
27:52:06>> She wanted to write novels.
27:52:10She dreamed of a bestselling novel one
27:52:14day.
27:52:28So she asked him for advice.
27:52:32What should she do to get there?
27:52:51Did she want to write
27:52:54novels?
27:53:04Yes,
27:53:06she wanted to write novels.
27:53:11Did she dream of a bestselling novel
27:53:16or a newspaper?
27:53:26She dreamed of a bestselling novel
27:53:30one day.
27:53:32What did she ask him?
27:53:44She asked him for advice.
27:53:48What should she do to get there?
27:53:53>> Extraordinary. Let's keep it up.
27:53:57>> His answer was short.
27:54:01He said she should take a course in
27:54:05selling.
27:54:18She was offended.
27:54:21She had a master's degree in English
27:54:24literature.
27:54:37Great.
27:54:41Should she take a course
27:54:44in selling?
27:54:55Yes.
27:54:57He said she should take a course in
27:55:01selling.
27:55:04Was his answer long
27:55:08or short?
27:55:15His answer was
27:55:19short.
27:55:22What degree did she have?
27:55:32She had a master's degree in English
27:55:35literature.
27:55:40That's great.
27:55:43>> Why should a writer learn to sell?
27:55:48She was a writer, not a saleserson.
27:56:04Maybe you agree with her. You think a
27:56:08writer shouldn't sell.
27:56:20Awesome.
27:56:22Should
27:56:28a writer learn to sell? She asked.
27:56:42No. She thought
27:56:45she was a writer, not a saleserson.
27:56:51Do you think a writer should sell
27:56:56or shouldn't sell?
27:57:07Maybe you agree with her. You think a
27:57:10writer shouldn't sell.
27:57:15What did she not want to be?
27:57:24She was a writer, not a salesperson.
27:57:36>> A writer writes,
27:57:39a seller sells.
27:57:44His advice sounds strange, even rude.
27:58:04Maybe he did not respect her work.
27:58:08Maybe he did not respect literature.
27:58:29Did his advice sound
27:58:32strange?
27:58:43Yes,
27:58:45his advice sounds strange,
27:58:49even rude.
27:58:52Does a writer write
27:58:56or sell?
27:59:07A writer writes,
27:59:10a seller sells.
27:59:14What did he maybe
27:59:17not respect?
27:59:28Maybe he did not respect her work.
27:59:34Maybe he did not respect literature.
27:59:42>> Then he pointed to her notebook.
27:59:46He showed her what she had written.
28:00:04Here is the hidden fact.
28:00:07It was in her own notes.
28:00:25Did he point
28:00:28to her notebook?
28:00:38Yes.
28:00:40He pointed to her notebook.
28:00:44Was the hidden fact
28:00:46in his book
28:00:49or in her notes?
28:00:58It was in her own notes.
28:01:03What did he show her?
28:01:13He showed her
28:01:15what she had written.
28:01:19>> That's amazing.
28:01:23>> Her notes said bestselling author.
28:01:29They did not say best writing author.
28:01:36His
28:01:49books did not sell because of beautiful
28:01:52sentences.
28:01:55They sold because he could sell.
28:02:21Did her note say
28:02:24best writing author?
28:02:36No,
28:02:38they did not say best writing author.
28:02:44Did his book sell because of sentences
28:02:50or because he could sell?
28:02:59They sold because he could sell.
28:03:05What did her notes
28:03:08say?
28:03:16Her note said, "Bestelling
28:03:20author
28:03:26Now look at the same scene again with
28:03:30new eyes.
28:03:40Maybe she had more writing skill than he
28:03:44did.
28:03:46He had one more skill.
28:04:05Now it's your turn. Answer the
28:04:08questions.
28:04:10>> Did he have one more skill?
28:04:21Yes,
28:04:23he had one more skill.
28:04:28Do we look at a new scene
28:04:31or the same scene?
28:04:41Now look at the same scene again with
28:04:45new eyes.
28:04:48Who had more writing skill? Maybe
28:05:00maybe she had more writing skill than he
28:05:04did.
28:05:12That one skill was the difference. It
28:05:17turns a good book into a sold book.
28:05:34Rich dad poor dad keeps this small
28:05:38scene.
28:05:41It is in the lesson about working to
28:05:45learn.
28:06:03Let's jump into it.
28:06:05Does Rich Dead, Poor Dead keep this
28:06:10scene?
28:06:21Yes.
28:06:22Rich Dad, Poor Dad keeps this small
28:06:26scene.
28:06:29Does that skill make a good book sold or
28:06:33bad?
28:06:40It turns a good book into a sold book.
28:06:46What was the difference?
28:06:55That one skill was the difference.
28:07:02His
28:07:07point is simple.
28:07:10One strong skill is not enough.
28:07:26You should also learn to sell, speak and
28:07:31present your work.
28:07:48Should you present your work?
28:08:00Yes,
28:08:02you should also learn to sell, speak,
28:08:06and present your work.
28:08:11Is his point simple
28:08:14or hard? His
28:08:21point is simple.
28:08:25What is not enough?
28:08:35One strong skill is not enough.
28:08:45Being good at your work is not enough.
28:08:50You must also learn to sell it.
28:09:05This is true for your English too.
28:09:10Some learners even have a master's
28:09:13degree.
28:09:26>> Awesome.
28:09:28Let's go.
28:09:30>> Do some learners have a master's degree?
28:09:43Yes,
28:09:45some learners even have a master's
28:09:48degree.
28:09:50Is being good at your work enough
28:09:55or not enough?
28:10:04Being good at your work is not enough.
28:10:10What must you also learn?
28:10:20You must also learn to sell it.
28:10:26All right.
28:10:28Few
28:10:32can present an idea clearly
28:10:36in a meeting or an interview.
28:10:50So you should practice both.
28:10:55Learn the language
28:10:58and learn to share your ideas in it.
28:11:15Skill makes your work good.
28:11:20Selling makes your work seem
28:11:36final round.
28:11:40Should
28:11:42you practice
28:11:45both?
28:11:54Yes.
28:11:57So you should practice both.
28:12:02Can many people
28:12:04or few people present an idea clearly?
28:12:09Few
28:12:19can present an idea clearly in a meeting
28:12:23or an interview.
28:12:26What makes your work seen?
28:12:36Selling makes your work seen.
28:12:46The grammar we practiced today. Should
28:12:50shouldn't.
28:12:51What should she do to get there?
28:12:56He said she should take a course in
28:12:59selling.
28:13:02Why should a writer learn to sell?
28:13:07You think a writer shouldn't sell?
28:13:16Congratulations.
28:13:18You practiced 343
28:13:21words in this story and you learned a
28:13:24lot.
28:13:44It's all working.
28:14:08and
28:14:26I
28:14:32What happened?
28:14:378 to 5.
28:14:39>> 8 to 5 from the book Alibaba by Duncan
28:14:44Clark.
28:14:46Apartment
28:14:49coat
28:14:51circle.
28:14:53Weekend
28:14:56film
28:14:58video
28:15:00tech
28:15:02exist.
28:15:04Founder
28:15:07future
28:15:108 in the morning to 5 in the evening.
28:15:18Then we are not a tech company.
28:15:37Jack Mah said words like these to a
28:15:41small group of friends.
28:16:04Is it a tech company if you work 8 to 5?
28:16:18No,
28:16:20then we are not a tech company.
28:16:26Did Jack Mah say this to friends
28:16:30or to a bank?
28:16:40Jack Mah said words like these to a
28:16:44small group of friends
28:16:47who said these words.
28:16:56Jack Mah said words like these.
28:17:02>> Well done.
28:17:06It was February 1999
28:17:10in his small apartment in Hjo, China.
28:17:25There were 18 people in the room with
28:17:29Jack.
28:17:31It was cold inside.
28:17:49Was it cold inside?
28:17:59Yes, it was cold inside.
28:18:05Was it in a big office
28:18:08or a small apartment?
28:18:17It was in his small apartment in Hangjo,
28:18:21China.
28:18:23How many people were in the room?
28:18:32There were 18 people in the room with
28:18:35Jack.
28:18:43>> Some sat in their coats around him in a
28:18:47half circle.
28:18:57Jack had tried internet companies
28:19:00before.
28:19:03They did not go the way he hoped.
28:19:24Did they sit in their coats?
28:19:33Yes.
28:19:35Some sat in their coats.
28:19:38Did they sit in a line
28:19:42or in a half circle?
28:19:50They sat around him in a half circle.
28:19:55What had Jack tried before?
28:20:05Jack had tried internet companies
28:20:07before.
28:20:10That's amazing.
28:20:14Now he was going to start again
28:20:18with his friends at home.
28:20:32He asked someone to film the meeting. He
28:20:36believed it was going to be important
28:20:40one day. Awesome.
28:21:01Was he going to
28:21:04start again?
28:21:15Yes.
28:21:18Now he was going to start again
28:21:23with his friends
28:21:26at home.
28:21:28Did he ask someone to film the meeting
28:21:33or to leave?
28:21:42He asked someone to film the meeting.
28:21:47What did he
28:21:49believe?
28:21:58He believed it was going to be important
28:22:02one day.
28:22:08Think about that moment. The company did
28:22:12not exist yet.
28:22:15There was just a room and a plan.
28:22:35Jack asked what the company was going to
28:22:38become in the future.
28:22:51I'm sorry.
28:22:53>> Did the company
28:22:55exist yet?
28:23:05No,
28:23:07the company did not exist yet.
28:23:12Was there an office
28:23:15or just a room and a plan?
28:23:18[clears throat]
28:23:25There was just a room and a plan.
28:23:31What did Jack ask?
28:23:43Jack asked what the company was going to
28:23:47become
28:23:48in the future.
28:23:54>> Then he told them the hard truth.
28:24:00He did not hide it.
28:24:13The pay was going to be very low.
28:24:18The days were going to be very long.
28:24:35Was
28:24:40the pay going to be high? [snorts]
28:24:53No.
28:24:55The pay was going to be very low.
28:25:00Were the days going to be short?
28:25:05or long.
28:25:12The days were going to be very long.
28:25:18What did he tell them?
28:25:27He told them
28:25:29the hard truth.
28:25:40They were going to work late
28:25:44and on many weekends too.
28:25:57He did not promise them fast money.
28:26:02He promised them [snorts]
28:26:03hard work.
28:26:24Were they going to work
28:26:27on weekends?
28:26:38Yes,
28:26:40they were going to work late
28:26:45and on many weekends, too.
28:26:49Did he promise fast money
28:26:54or hard work?
28:27:03He promised them hard work.
28:27:08What did he not promise them?
28:27:18He did not promise them fast money.
28:27:29Then they put their own savings together
28:27:32to start the company.
28:27:43It came to about $60,000
28:27:47all from their own pockets.
28:28:05speaking.
28:28:08Did they put their own savings together?
28:28:21Yes.
28:28:23They put their own savings together
28:28:27to start the company.
28:28:30Did the money come from banks
28:28:34or from their own pockets?
28:28:43It came from their own pockets.
28:28:48How much money was it?
28:28:59It came to about
28:29:01$60,000.
28:29:10>> They called the company
28:29:13Alibaba.
28:29:17They worked in that apartment day and
28:29:20night, weekends too.
28:29:38Later that year, the first big investors
28:29:43came.
28:29:53>> Great.
28:29:57>> Did they work in that apartment on
28:30:00weekends, too?
28:30:12Yes,
28:30:14they worked in that apartment day and
28:30:18night,
28:30:20weekends, too.
28:30:23Did they call the company
28:30:26Alibaba
28:30:28or Hang Joe?
28:30:36They called the company
28:30:39Alibaba
28:30:42who came later that year.
28:30:54Later that year, the first big investors
28:30:59came.
28:31:01Let's
28:31:04jump into
28:31:08Let's keep it up. Today, Alibaba is one
28:31:13of the biggest tech companies in China.
28:31:28The people in that room are now known as
28:31:32the 18 founders.
28:31:50Are the people in that room
28:31:54now known as founders?
28:32:07Yes.
28:32:09The people in that room are now known as
28:32:13the 18 founders.
28:32:17Is Alibaba a small company
28:32:22or one of the biggest.
28:32:34Today, Alibaba is one of the biggest
28:32:37tech companies in China.
28:32:41How many founders were there?
28:32:54The people in that room are now known as
28:32:58the 18 founders.
28:33:08Jack filmed that room for the future.
28:33:12The video still exists.
28:33:24It shows the founders in their coats in
28:33:28a half circle.
28:33:44Does the video still exist?
28:33:57Yes,
28:33:59the video still exists.
28:34:03Did Jack film the room for the future
28:34:08or for fun?
28:34:17Jack filmed that room for the future.
28:34:22What does the video show?
28:34:35It shows the founders in their coats
28:34:39in a half circle.
28:34:47The first words of this story are in
28:34:52that video.
28:35:02Big companies often start in small
28:35:05rooms.
28:35:08They start with an honest promise.
28:35:33Are the first words of this story in
28:35:37that video?
28:35:48Yes,
28:35:50the first words of this story are in
28:35:54that video.
28:35:57Do big companies often start in big
28:36:01rooms
28:36:03or small rooms?
28:36:13Big companies often start
28:36:17in small rooms.
28:36:21What do they start with?
28:36:30They start with an honest promise.
28:36:35>> All right.
28:36:40The promise is not that it will be easy.
28:36:46The promise is that it will be hard.
28:37:05Jack said the hard part first.
28:37:11Maybe that is why
28:37:13the right people stayed.
28:37:32English is going to be hard
28:37:35and that is good news.
28:37:39Say it out loud and start tonight.
28:38:00final round.
28:38:06Is English going to be
28:38:10hard?
28:38:20Yes,
28:38:22English is going to be hard
28:38:26and that is good news.
28:38:31Is the promise that it will be easy or
28:38:36hard?
28:38:44The promise is that it will be hard.
28:38:50What did Jack say
28:38:53first?
28:39:01Jack said the hard part first.
28:39:13The grammar we practiced today going to.
28:39:17Now he was going to start again with his
28:39:19friends at home.
28:39:23He believed it was going to be important
28:39:26one day.
28:39:29Jack asked what the company was going to
28:39:32become in the future.
28:39:36The pay was going to be very low.
28:39:45Congratulations.
28:39:47You practiced 350 words in this story
28:39:51and you learned a lot.
28:40:26This is amazing.
28:40:29Yes. 50 scientifically proven ways to be
28:40:33persuasive.
28:40:35technique. I think
28:40:59Well, for heard me.
28:41:16Come on.
28:41:24>> [clears throat]
28:41:35>> Will you call?
28:41:37>> Will you call from the book? Yes. 50
28:41:40scientifically proven ways to be
28:41:42persuasive by Noah J. Goldstein, Steve
28:41:46J. Martin, and Robert B. Chelini.
28:41:51Cancel.
28:41:53Hope
28:41:55reservation.
28:41:58Booking.
28:42:00Commitment.
28:42:02Caller.
28:42:0520.
28:42:07Reply.
28:42:09Confirm.
28:42:12Respond.
28:42:15A restaurant can be full of bookings
28:42:20and still have empty tables.
28:42:37Gordon Sinclair had a restaurant in
28:42:40Chicago,
28:42:41a big city in America.
28:42:54Awesome.
28:43:04Can a restaurant be full of bookings
28:43:08and still have empty tables?
28:43:21Yes,
28:43:24a restaurant can be full of bookings
28:43:29and still have empty tables.
28:43:34Was his restaurant in Chicago
28:43:38or in London?
28:43:47Gordon Sinclair had a restaurant in
28:43:51Chicago.
28:43:53What is Chicago?
28:44:03Chicago is a big city in America.
28:44:10People
28:44:14called on the phone to make a
28:44:16reservation for dinner.
28:44:25He had a problem.
28:44:29Many people made a booking
28:44:32then never came.
28:44:53Did people call to make a reservation?
28:45:06Yes,
28:45:08people called on the phone to make a
28:45:12reservation for dinner.
28:45:15Did people make a booking and come
28:45:20or never come?
28:45:31Many people made a booking then never
28:45:35came.
28:45:38What did he have? [sighs]
28:45:45He had a problem.
28:45:49Extraordinary. Let's keep it up.
28:45:53They did not call to cancel.
28:45:56They just did not come.
28:46:08The table stayed empty all night.
28:46:13Other people could not use it.
28:46:31Did they call to cancel?
28:46:44No,
28:46:45they did not call to cancel.
28:46:50They just did not come.
28:46:54Did the table stay full
28:46:58or empty?
28:47:06The table stayed empty all night.
28:47:11who could not use it.
28:47:18Other people could not use it.
28:47:27>> About three in 10 people did this.
28:47:32That was a lot of lost money.
28:47:48Now listen to the first sentence.
28:47:51His worker said it on the phone.
28:48:06What
28:48:08>> was that? A lot of
28:48:11lost money.
28:48:22Yes,
28:48:24that was a lot of lost money.
28:48:29Did one in 10
28:48:32or three in 10 people do this?
28:48:43About three in 10 people did this.
28:48:49Who said the first sentence
28:48:53on the phone?
28:48:56His
28:49:01worker said it on the phone.
28:49:10>> Please call if you have to change or
28:49:13cancel your reservation.
28:49:25It is polite.
28:49:28It is clear.
28:49:31It sounds perfect.
28:49:46Then Sinclair asked his worker to change
28:49:50two small things.
28:50:10Was the first sentence
28:50:13polite?
28:50:23Yes,
28:50:26it is polite.
28:50:29It is clear.
28:50:32It sounds perfect.
28:50:36Is the sentence
28:50:38rude
28:50:41or polite?
28:50:47It is
28:50:49polite.
28:50:51How many small things did Sinclair
28:50:55change?
28:51:05Sinclair asked his worker to change two
28:51:09small things.
28:51:18>> First, the worker had to turn the
28:51:22sentence into a question.
28:51:33Will you please call if you have to
28:51:37change or cancel?
28:51:49Second, the worker had to stop and wait
28:51:54for a reply.
28:52:09speaking.
28:52:12Did the worker turn the sentence
28:52:16into a question?
28:52:27Yes,
28:52:29the worker had to turn the sentence into
28:52:32a question.
28:52:35Did [clears throat] the worker wait for
28:52:37a reply
28:52:40or hang up?
28:52:50The worker had to stop
28:52:54and wait for a reply.
28:52:58What was the new question?
28:53:10Will you please call
28:53:13if you have to change or cancel?
28:53:25>> So the caller had to respond.
28:53:31They said yes
28:53:34in their own words.
28:53:51You may say
28:53:54it is the same sentence.
28:53:57A question won't change anything.
28:54:21Will a question
28:54:24change anything?
28:54:35No, you may say
28:54:38a question won't change anything.
28:54:44Did the caller have to respond
28:54:48or only listen?
28:54:56The caller had to respond.
28:55:01What did the caller
28:55:03say?
28:55:12They said yes
28:55:15in their own words.
28:55:19>> That's amazing.
28:55:23>> Look at the result.
28:55:26Before
28:55:28about three in 10 people did not come
28:55:46after the change.
28:55:49Only about one in 10 did not come.
28:56:06Let's jump into it.
28:56:08Before
28:56:10did three in 10 people not come.
28:56:24Yes.
28:56:27Before about three in 10 people did not
28:56:32come.
28:56:34After the change,
28:56:36did 1 in 10
28:56:39or 3 in 10 not come
28:56:53after the change? Only about one in 10
28:56:57did not come.
28:57:00What do we look at?
28:57:06Look at the result.
28:57:11>> Congratulations. Let's keep going.
28:57:14>> Many more tables were full.
28:57:21The restaurant lost much less money.
28:57:39Why?
28:57:43With the first sentence, the caller only
28:57:46listened.
28:58:03Did the restaurant lose
28:58:07less money?
28:58:17Yes,
28:58:19the restaurant lost much less money
28:58:24with the first sentence.
28:58:26Did the caller speak
28:58:30or only listen?
28:58:40With the first sentence, the caller only
28:58:45listened.
28:58:47How many more tables
28:58:50were full?
28:58:57Many more tables were full.
28:59:06With the second sentence, the caller
28:59:09made a promise.
28:59:12They confirmed it out loud.
28:59:30And people will try hard to keep the
28:59:35promises they make.
28:59:47Great.
28:59:49Yeah.
28:59:51>> Did the caller confirm the promise
28:59:55out loud?
29:00:06Yes,
29:00:08they confirmed it out loud.
29:00:14Will people try to keep their promises
29:00:19or forget them?
29:00:29People will try hard to keep the
29:00:32promises they make.
29:00:35What did the caller
29:00:38make?
29:00:46The caller made
29:00:49a promise.
29:00:52>> All right, back to the story.
29:00:55>> The book Yes.
29:00:58explains it with one idea.
29:01:03Commitment.
29:01:15The callers were not told to come.
29:01:20They made a commitment. So they came
29:01:41>> were the callers
29:01:43told to Um,
29:01:53no.
29:01:55The callers were not told to come.
29:02:00Did they come because of a rule
29:02:04or a commitment?
29:02:13They made a commitment.
29:02:16So they came.
29:02:20What one idea
29:02:22explains it?
29:02:33The book Yes.
29:02:36explains it with one idea.
29:02:40Commitment.
29:02:47You can use this idea on yourself too.
29:02:58Do not only hope that you will study
29:03:02English today.
29:03:11Ask yourself a real question.
29:03:16Will I study for 20 minutes today?
29:03:39Can you use this idea
29:03:42on yourself?
29:03:53Yes,
29:03:55you can use this idea on yourself too.
29:04:01Do you only hope
29:04:04or ask a real question?
29:04:17Ask yourself a real question.
29:04:22Will I study for 20 minutes today?
29:04:27For how many minutes will you study
29:04:31today?
29:04:39I will study for 20 minutes today.
29:04:45>> Congratulations.
29:04:51>> Then wait
29:04:54and reply out loud,
29:04:58"Yes,
29:05:00I will.
29:05:16Hope is not enough.
29:05:21A [sighs] spoken yes is a commitment.
29:05:37One daily rule.
29:05:41Every morning, ask the question.
29:05:47Respond out loud and confirm your 20
29:05:52minutes.
29:06:09Final round.
29:06:15Is hope
29:06:17enough?
29:06:27No,
29:06:30hope is not enough.
29:06:34A spoken yes is a commitment.
29:06:40Do you reply out loud
29:06:44or in silence?
29:06:55Reply out loud.
29:07:00Yes, I will.
29:07:04What do you confirm
29:07:07every morning?
29:07:18Respond out loud and confirm your 20
29:07:23minutes.
29:07:32The grammar we practice today will
29:07:35won't. Will will you please call if you
29:07:38have to change or cancel?
29:07:42A question won't change anything.
29:07:47and people will try hard to keep the
29:07:49promises they make.
29:07:53Do not only hope that you will study
29:07:55English today.
29:08:03Congratulations.
29:08:05You practiced 343
29:08:07words in this story and you learned a
29:08:10lot.
29:08:14>> Congratulations.
29:08:16for
29:08:43awesome.
29:08:52Just just listen to what happened.
29:09:00My name is Khaled. I completed
29:09:03with Mr. Abdmani.
29:09:05I'm now studying at the international
29:09:07college and I passed the course with a
29:09:08BA level. Learning English has been an
29:09:11important part of my life helping me
29:09:13grow personally and in my studies. So I
29:09:16want to share my experience of learning
29:09:18English starting from my childhood.
29:09:30for
29:09:57dictionary. for
29:10:24they kept
29:10:34Oh,ch.
29:10:54Wow.
29:11:02Mhm.
29:11:13foreign.
29:12:11Mhm.
29:12:24Mhm.
29:12:34How did
29:12:38you
29:13:08International College.
29:13:24Mhm.
29:13:35build up.
29:13:41Mhm.
29:13:57Mhm.
29:14:42Now she's a kid.
29:14:52Mhm.
29:15:05Writing assassin.
29:15:15Good love.
29:15:22B1.
29:15:36Mhm.
29:15:40YouTube.
29:15:43Mhm.
29:16:00speaking.
29:16:27foreign.
29:16:36Mhm.
29:16:47Foundation.
29:16:56Examinch.
29:17:25Uh, B1
29:17:29found
29:17:54forchech.
29:18:28Shakespeare.
29:18:37Alhamdulillah.
29:18:47foreign
29:19:16foreign.
29:19:45Hello That would be one.
29:19:59for
29:20:26I had it. foreign.
29:20:45Wow.
29:20:50Mhm.
29:20:57Maze.
29:21:04Okay.
29:21:36>> [laughter]
29:21:43>> C1 eyelids. Mhm. Mah
29:21:56situs.
29:22:14foreign.
29:22:17Mhm.
29:22:36Okay.
29:22:43A kid.
29:23:21after
29:23:22for you.
29:23:26So presentation
29:23:35speaking
29:23:49fordul.
29:24:21Alhamdulillah.
29:24:34Uh
29:24:37feeling easy.
29:25:18Mhm.
29:25:20There you are.
29:25:2230.
29:25:27Maze.
29:25:53speaking. Mhm.
29:25:56Writing.
29:26:03Alhamdulillah.
29:26:24Mhm.
29:26:37Okay.
29:26:49for
29:27:11much of a slide
29:27:21native speakers.
29:27:27speaking.
29:27:45Uhhuh.
29:27:50foreign.
29:28:17I keep
29:28:19Fore
29:28:45speech.
29:28:47foreign.
29:28:57Mhm.
29:29:12Awesome.
29:29:35It's something amazing. It's something
29:29:37totally crazy.
29:29:47Steve Jobs. Oh my god. Steve Jobs.
29:29:53[laughter]
29:30:01Perfection.
29:30:24It's a nice a time to think about
29:30:27innovation.
29:30:28Let Sugared Water
29:30:31>> Sugared Water from the book Steve Jobs
29:30:35by Walter Isaxson.
29:30:38Brave
29:30:41chance
29:30:43painful.
29:30:45Sweet
29:30:47challenge.
29:30:50Wonder
29:30:52forever.
29:30:54Difficult.
29:30:56Scary
29:30:59balcony.
29:31:02Do you want to spend the rest of your
29:31:05life
29:31:06selling sugared water?
29:31:20Or do you want a chance to change the
29:31:24world?
29:31:35Awesome.
29:31:45Is the question
29:31:48about selling
29:31:51sugared water?
29:32:02Yes,
29:32:04it is about selling sugared water
29:32:08for the rest of your life.
29:32:13Is it a chance to change the world
29:32:18or a chance to sell cars?
29:32:28It is a chance to change the world.
29:32:33What does the second question offer?
29:32:45It offers a chance
29:32:48to change the world.
29:32:52All right, back to the story.
29:32:56>> Steve Jobs asked this question in 1983.
29:33:02They were on a balcony in New York.
29:33:20He asked John Scully, the president of
29:33:24Pepsi.
29:33:42Were they on a balcony
29:33:45in New York?
29:33:55Yes.
29:33:58They were on a balcony
29:34:00in New York.
29:34:04Was Scully the president of Pepsi
29:34:08or of Apple?
29:34:15He was the president of Pepsi.
29:34:19When did Steve Jobs ask this question?
29:34:33Steve Jobs asked this question
29:34:37in 1983.
29:34:42>> I'm super proud of you.
29:34:47Pepsi sold sweet drinks all over the
29:34:50world.
29:34:52Scully was very good at it.
29:35:06Apple was young.
29:35:11Jobs decided to find an experienced
29:35:15leader to run it.
29:35:33>> Let's jump into it. Did Pepsi sell sweet
29:35:38drinks?
29:35:49Yes,
29:35:51Pepsi sold sweet drinks all over the
29:35:55world.
29:35:57Did Jobs decide to find a young leader
29:36:02or an experienced leader?
29:36:12He decided to find an experienced
29:36:16leader.
29:36:18What did Jobs decide to do?
29:36:31Jobs decided to find an experienced
29:36:35leader to run Apple
29:36:43>> for months. He tried to bring Scarlet to
29:36:47Apple.
29:36:55They met many times.
29:36:58They walked and talked for hours.
29:37:12Scully liked him.
29:37:16Still, he did not want to leave Pepsi.
29:37:37Did Jobs try to bring Scully to Apple?
29:37:52Yes.
29:37:55For months he tried to bring Scully to
29:38:00Apple.
29:38:02Did they meet once
29:38:04or many times?
29:38:12They met
29:38:14many times.
29:38:17What did Scully
29:38:20not want to do?
29:38:30He did not want to leave Pepsi.
29:38:41Let's jump into
29:38:45Let's keep it up. He had a big job and
29:38:50lots of money.
29:38:54He did not need to change.
29:39:11Then on that balcony,
29:39:14Jobs looked at him
29:39:16and asked the question
29:39:35speaking skills.
29:39:38Did Scully
29:39:40need to change?
29:39:51No,
29:39:54he did not need to change.
29:40:00Did Jobs ask the question on a balcony
29:40:05or in a car?
29:40:15He asked the question
29:40:19on that balcony.
29:40:22What did Scully have?
29:40:34He had a big job
29:40:36and lots of money.
29:40:47>> [clears throat]
29:40:47>> Sugared water [gasps]
29:40:50or a chance to change the world?
29:40:57Which one?
29:41:14Scully later said the question hit him
29:41:18hard.
29:41:29>> Awesome.
29:41:31Let's go.
29:41:33Did the question hit Scully
29:41:37hard?
29:41:47Yes.
29:41:50Scully later said the question hit him
29:41:55hard.
29:41:57Was the choice
29:42:00sugared water
29:42:02or more money?
29:42:13The choice was sugared water
29:42:18or a chance to change the world.
29:42:23What did Scully later say?
29:42:33He said the question hit him hard.
29:42:42>> He did not want to say no and wonder
29:42:46about it forever.
29:42:57So he decided to say yes.
29:43:03He left Pepsi and joined Apple.
29:43:27Did Scaly want to wonder about it
29:43:31forever?
29:43:41No,
29:43:43he did not want to wonder about it
29:43:46forever.
29:43:49Did he decide to say yes
29:43:53or no?
29:43:59He decided to say yes.
29:44:03Which company did he join?
29:44:14He left Pepsi
29:44:17and joined Petroleum.
29:44:21>> Awesome.
29:44:25>> It was a brave
29:44:28scary move.
29:44:33He left a safe job
29:44:37for a young company.
29:44:55You may say,
29:44:58"What a happy ending.
29:45:02The question worked.
29:45:23Was it a brave move?
29:45:35Yes,
29:45:37it was a brave
29:45:40scary move.
29:45:43Did he leave a safe job or a bad job?
29:45:53He left a safe job.
29:45:58What did he leave a safe job for?
29:46:09He left a safe job for a young company.
29:46:21>> Wait,
29:46:24the story did not end there.
29:46:28Then came a difficult challenge.
29:46:47The two men tried to run Apple together.
29:46:54They did not agree.
29:47:13Let's jump into it.
29:47:15>> Did the story end there?
29:47:27No,
29:47:29the story did not end there.
29:47:34Was the challenge easy or difficult?
29:47:45It was a difficult challenge.
29:47:50What did the two men try to do?
29:48:00They tried to run Apple together.
29:48:08>> That's great.
29:48:11>> In 1985,
29:48:14the board chose Scully.
29:48:20Jobs [gasps] had to leave his own
29:48:23company.
29:48:40It was a painful and difficult time for
29:48:43him.
29:48:46He was only 30.
29:49:01Awesome.
29:49:07Did Jobs have to leave his own company?
29:49:21Yes.
29:49:24Jobs had to leave his own company.
29:49:29Did the board choose Jobs
29:49:33or Scully?
29:49:40The board chose Scully.
29:49:44How was that time for jobs?
29:49:56It was a painful
29:49:59and difficult time for him.
29:50:04>> Fabulous. Let's keep it up.
29:50:07Scaly stayed and led Apple for 10 years.
29:50:22Apple grew under him.
29:50:25But the fight with Jobs always hurt.
29:50:40Isacson's book Steve Jobs tells both
29:50:44sides, the good
29:50:48and the painful for
29:51:03great.
29:51:07>> Did Scaly lead Apple for 10 years?
29:51:21Yes,
29:51:24Scully stayed and led Apple for 10
29:51:28years.
29:51:31Does the book tell one side or both
29:51:35sides?
29:51:45It tells both sides,
29:51:49the good and the painful.
29:51:53What always hurt?
29:52:01The fight with jobs always hurt.
29:52:13The question still did its work.
29:52:18It moved a man to a bigger life.
29:52:34It did not promise an easy road.
29:52:39Big choices never do.
29:53:01Did the question promise an easy road?
29:53:14No,
29:53:16it did not promise an easy road.
29:53:21Did it move a man to a smaller life or a
29:53:26bigger life?
29:53:32It moved a man to a bigger life.
29:53:37What never promises an easy road?
29:53:48Big choices never promise an easy road.
29:53:56incoming.
29:53:57>> One brave question can move a person.
29:54:04>> Maybe it can move you.
29:54:21Think about your English.
29:54:26Do you want to wonder about it forever?
29:54:46>> Can one brave question move a person?
29:55:00Yes,
29:55:02one brave question can move a person.
29:55:08Can it move only Scully or maybe you
29:55:13too?
29:55:20Maybe it can move you too.
29:55:26What do you not want to do forever?
29:55:37I do not want to wonder about it
29:55:41forever.
29:55:43Congratulations.
29:55:49Are you selling sugared water?
29:55:53Choosing only what feels sweet and safe?
29:56:10Or will you decide to say yes to a small
29:56:16scary challenge?
29:56:30Final round.
29:56:36Does sugared water feel sweet
29:56:40and safe?
29:56:51Yes,
29:56:53it feels sweet and safe.
29:56:59Will you decide to say yes to a scary
29:57:03challenge
29:57:05or stay safe?
29:57:16I will decide to say yes to a small
29:57:21scary challenge.
29:57:24What will you say yes to?
29:57:34I will say yes to a small scary
29:57:38challenge.
29:57:46The grammar we practice today, verb plus
29:57:50to plus verb. Jobs decided to find an
29:57:54experienced leader to run it.
29:57:58For months he tried to bring Scully to
29:58:01Apple.
29:58:04He did not need to change.
29:58:09So he decided to say yes.
29:58:18Congratulations.
29:58:20You practiced 352
29:58:23words in this story and you learned a
29:58:26lot.
29:59:00something. It's going to be a lot
29:59:02different.
29:59:09The miracle morning.
29:59:42Williams.
29:59:45Alhamdulillah.
29:59:52Forever.
30:00:07Alhamdulillah.
30:00:24No, it's not true.
30:00:27The early alarm.
30:00:30>> The early alarm from the book The
30:00:34Miracle Morning by Hal Lrod.
30:00:38Alarm.
30:00:41Bill.
30:00:43Income.
30:00:45Economy.
30:00:47Energy.
30:00:49Stuck.
30:00:51Apart.
30:00:54Awake.
30:00:56Sun.
30:00:58Positive.
30:01:01An alarm clock rings
30:01:05in a dark room.
30:01:10The sun is not up yet.
30:01:29Many [gasps] people wake up early
30:01:33to follow one plan.
30:02:00Is the sun
30:02:02up yet?
30:02:12No,
30:02:15the sun is not up yet.
30:02:21Does an alarm clock ring in a dark room
30:02:25or a bright room?
30:02:34An alarm clock rings in a dark room.
30:02:40What do many people do?
30:02:52Many people wake up early to follow one
30:02:56plan.
30:02:59>> Fabulous. Let's keep it up.
30:03:02The plan comes from a book, The Miracle
30:03:07Morning by Hal Lrod.
30:03:21It did not start with success.
30:03:26It started when his life fell apart.
30:03:51Did the plan start with success?
30:04:03No,
30:04:06it did not start with success.
30:04:10Does the plan come from a book or a
30:04:14teacher?
30:04:24The plan comes from a book,
30:04:28The Miracle Morning.
30:04:32When did it start?
30:04:44It started
30:04:46when his life fell apart.
30:04:55When the American economy crashed in
30:04:592008,
30:05:01many businesses were in trouble
30:05:16in the bad economy. Hal lost over half
30:05:20of his clients.
30:05:24His income fell by half.
30:05:47speaking skills.
30:05:50>> Did the economy crash in 2008?
30:06:04Yes.
30:06:06The American economy crashed in 2008.
30:06:13Did his income grow or fall?
30:06:23His income fell by half.
30:06:29What happened when the economy crashed?
30:06:41When the economy crashed, many
30:06:44businesses were in trouble.
30:06:48>> I'm super proud of you.
30:06:54>> When the bills came, he could not pay
30:06:57them.
30:07:00Some days he stayed in bed
30:07:17for many weeks. He had no energy.
30:07:23He felt stuck and afraid.
30:07:41United Kingdom.
30:07:43>> Could he pay his bills? [clears throat]
30:07:55No.
30:07:58When the bills came, he could not pay
30:08:02them.
30:08:05Did he have a lot of energy or no
30:08:09energy?
30:08:16He had no energy.
30:08:20How did he feel?
30:08:28He felt stuck
30:08:31and afraid.
30:08:36That's great.
30:08:40>> A friend told him to go for a run.
30:08:51a run.
30:08:53His problems were money and fear.
30:08:58How could running help?
30:09:15>> Now it's your turn. Answer the
30:09:18questions.
30:09:20Did a friend give him advice?
30:09:31Yes.
30:09:33A friend told him to go for a run.
30:09:38Did the friend tell him to go for a run
30:09:43or to sleep?
30:09:51The friend told him to go for a run.
30:09:57What were his problems?
30:10:08His problems were money
30:10:11and fear.
30:10:18Still
30:10:19he put on his shoes and went outside.
30:10:25He ran
30:10:27slowly
30:10:42on the run. He heard a talk by a
30:10:45teacher, Jim Ran.
30:10:58>> Awesome. Wait, let's go.
30:11:01>> Did he run fast?
30:11:13No,
30:11:15he ran slowly.
30:11:19Did he stay inside
30:11:22or go outside?
30:11:33He put on his shoes
30:11:36and went outside.
30:11:40Who gave the talk?
30:11:51The talk was by a teacher, Jim Ran.
30:12:02One idea stopped him.
30:12:07Your success grows only as fast as you
30:12:12grow.
30:12:28He wanted more success
30:12:32and he was not growing.
30:12:49Was he growing?
30:12:58No, he was not growing.
30:13:03Does success grow faster than you or
30:13:08only as fast as you?
30:13:19Your success grows only as fast
30:13:24as you grow.
30:13:27What did he want?
30:13:36He wanted more success.
30:13:41Extraordinary. Let's keep it up.
30:13:45So his goal
30:13:48changed.
30:13:52Grow first
30:13:55then the business can grow too.
30:14:14He did not wait.
30:14:18He studied the morning habits of great
30:14:22people.
30:14:43Did his goal change?
30:14:53Yes.
30:14:54His goal changed.
30:14:58Did he wait
30:15:00or did he study?
30:15:07He did not wait.
30:15:11What did he study?
30:15:21He studied the morning habits of great
30:15:25people.
30:15:28>> That's amazing.
30:15:31He chose six simple habits.
30:15:37Quiet time,
30:15:40positive words,
30:15:42seeing his goals.
30:16:00Then
30:16:01exercise,
30:16:03reading and writing.
30:16:08He called the six habits savers.
30:16:29Great.
30:16:33Did he choose positive words?
30:16:46Yes,
30:16:48he chose quiet time,
30:16:52positive words,
30:16:55and seeing his goals.
30:16:58Did he choose six habits or 10 habits?
30:17:11He chose six simple habits.
30:17:17What did he call the six habits?
30:17:28He called the six habits
30:17:31savers.
30:17:34>> All right, back to the story.
30:17:38>> When his alarm rang the next morning,
30:17:41the sun was not up.
30:17:45He tried them all.
30:18:01He felt more awake,
30:18:03more calm,
30:18:05and more positive.
30:18:20Let's jump into it. Was the sun up when
30:18:25his alarm rang?
30:18:36No.
30:18:38When his alarm rang, the sun was not up.
30:18:44Did he feel more awake
30:18:48or more tired?
30:18:59He felt more [clears throat] awake,
30:19:02more calm, and more positive.
30:19:07What did he do when his alarm rang?
30:19:18When his alarm rang, he tried the mall.
30:19:30Every morning when the alarm rang, he
30:19:34did it again.
30:19:37Slowly his energy came back.
30:19:56within months. His income was strong
30:20:00again.
30:20:03He paid his bills.
30:20:22speaking.
30:20:24Did his energy come back?
30:20:35Yes.
30:20:37Slowly his energy came back.
30:20:43Did he do it once or every morning?
30:20:56Every morning when the alarm rang, he
30:21:00did it again.
30:21:03What happened within months?
30:21:16Within months, his income was strong
30:21:20again.
30:21:24He paid his bills.
30:21:31Every alarm here began with one slow run
30:21:37on one bad day.
30:21:51His answer was small.
30:21:55When life falls apart,
30:21:58change your mourning first.
30:22:17a bit.
30:22:19>> Did every alarm begin
30:22:22with one slow run?
30:22:35Yes.
30:22:37Every alarm here began
30:22:41with one slow run
30:22:46on one
30:22:48bad day.
30:22:51Was his answer big
30:22:54or small?
30:23:01His answer was
30:23:04small.
30:23:06What should you do when life falls apart
30:23:20when life falls apart? Change your
30:23:24mourning first.
30:23:30Let's jump into
30:23:35Let's keep it up.
30:23:37Feeling stuck.
30:23:40You do not need a perfect plan.
30:23:45You need a first hour.
30:24:03Use it for English.
30:24:07Read one page and say five new words
30:24:11aloud.
30:24:31When you feel stuck,
30:24:34do you need a perfect plan?
30:24:46No,
30:24:48you do not need a perfect plan.
30:24:52You need a first hour.
30:24:56Should you read one page
30:25:00or one book,
30:25:11read one page and say five new words
30:25:16aloud.
30:25:19What do you need?
30:25:27You need a first hour.
30:25:32>> Congratulations.
30:25:38>> Then write one short sentence
30:25:43about your day.
30:25:48Tonight,
30:25:55set your alarm a little earlier.
30:26:00Then ask one question.
30:26:17When it rings,
30:26:20what will I build before anyone is
30:26:25awake?
30:26:43Let's jump into it.
30:26:45Should you set your alarm
30:26:48a little earlier?
30:26:59Yes.
30:27:01Tonight, set your alarm a little
30:27:05earlier.
30:27:08Should you write one short sentence
30:27:12or a long story?
30:27:23Write one short sentence
30:27:26about your day.
30:27:29When it rings,
30:27:31what will you ask?
30:27:42I will ask what will I build before
30:27:46anyone is awake.
30:27:55The grammar we practice today when it
30:27:59started when his life fell apart.
30:28:04When the American economy crashed in
30:28:072008, many businesses were in trouble.
30:28:12When the bills came, he could not pay
30:28:15them.
30:28:17When his alarm rang the next morning,
30:28:20the sun was not up.
30:28:28Congratulations.
30:28:30You practiced 349 words in this story
30:28:34and you learned a lot.
30:29:03Great job.
30:29:06Can't hurt me. Extreme
30:29:21fashion.
30:29:42Okay.
30:29:43[laughter]
30:30:01Back to day one.
30:30:03>> Back to day one from the book Can't Hurt
30:30:08Me by David Gogggins.
30:30:12Training.
30:30:14Quit.
30:30:16Sand.
30:30:18Soldier.
30:30:20Lung.
30:30:22Ticket.
30:30:24Exit.
30:30:27Halfway.
30:30:29Wet.
30:30:31Set back.
30:30:34Back to day one.
30:30:38Then back to day one.
30:30:43Then back to day one again.
30:31:02Most people quit the first time they
30:31:04hear those words.
30:31:08One man did not.
30:31:39Did one man
30:31:41quit?
30:31:49>> No.
30:31:51One man did not quit.
30:31:55Do most people quit or stay the first
30:32:00time?
30:32:08Most people quit the first time they
30:32:12hear those words.
30:32:15What words do they hear?
30:32:25They hear back to day one.
30:32:31>> Fabulous. Let's keep it up.
30:32:34>> David Gogggins wanted to be a Navy Seal.
30:32:39He tells how in his book can't hurt me.
30:32:58Seals are special soldiers in the
30:33:00American Navy.
30:33:03Their training is famous for its pain.
30:33:24Did David Gogggins want to be a Navy
30:33:28Seal?
30:33:38Yes,
30:33:40David Gogggins wanted to be a Navy Seal.
30:33:45Are seals special soldiers
30:33:50or teachers?
30:33:59Seals are special soldiers in the
30:34:02American Navy.
30:34:04What is their training famous for?
30:34:15Their training is famous for its pain.
30:34:21>> That's amazing.
30:34:24>> The hardest part is called hell week.
30:34:30Days of cold water, wet sand, almost no
30:34:36sleep.
30:34:52Many strong young soldiers quit in hell
30:34:56weak.
30:34:59They ring a bell and go home.
30:35:20I thought why the let's jump into it.
30:35:24>> Is hell week easy?
30:35:35No,
30:35:37it is the hardest part.
30:35:41Is hell week cold water and wet sand
30:35:46or warm beds?
30:35:58Hell week is cold water, wet sand, and
30:36:03almost no sleep.
30:36:06What do soldiers do when they quit?
30:36:16They ring a bell and go home.
30:36:25>> The first time he got very sick,
30:36:30he had a bad illness in his lungs.
30:36:35[snorts]
30:36:46He did not ring the bell.
30:36:52Still the doctors took him out before
30:36:55the end.
30:37:16Did he ring the bell?
30:37:25>> No,
30:37:27he did not ring the bell.
30:37:31Was the illness in his lungs
30:37:35or his knee?
30:37:42The illness was in his lungs.
30:37:47When did the doctors take him out?
30:37:58The doctors took him out.
30:38:01before the end.
30:38:09>> The answer came
30:38:13back to day one.
30:38:18Start all the training again.
30:38:36after the illness. His lungs got well.
30:38:42He started all over again.
30:39:05Did he start all the training
30:39:10again?
30:39:20Yes,
30:39:22he started all the training again
30:39:28after the illness.
30:39:31Did his lungs get well
30:39:35or get worse?
30:39:43After the illness, his lungs got well.
30:39:49What was the answer?
30:39:59The answer was back to day one.
30:40:09>> The second time he hurt his knee badly.
30:40:15A bone in it was broken.
30:40:30It was another setback.
30:40:34After the broken knee, he went back to
30:40:38day one.
30:40:41Awesome.
30:41:00Was it another setback?
30:41:10Yes,
30:41:13it was another setback.
30:41:16Did he hurt his knee
30:41:19or his lungs?
30:41:27He hurt his knee
30:41:29badly.
30:41:32Where did he go after the broken knee?
30:41:36After
30:41:44the broken knee, he went back to day
30:41:48one.
30:41:53>> That's great.
30:41:56>> After all that work,
30:42:00he was at the start again.
30:42:11Months of cold sand and pain
30:42:18and nothing to show for it.
30:42:32Maybe he thought about quitting.
30:42:36Still he stayed and started again.
30:42:58[laughter]
30:42:59How
30:43:03was he at the start again after all that
30:43:07work?
30:43:17Yes.
30:43:19After all that work, he was at the start
30:43:25again.
30:43:27Were those months of sand and pain
30:43:32or rest?
30:43:42They were months of cold
30:43:46sand
30:43:47and pain.
30:43:50What did he do after all that work?
30:44:02He stayed and started again.
30:44:09>> Extraordinary. Let's keep it up.
30:44:12>> The third time he joined a new group of
30:44:16men.
30:44:17Class 235.
30:44:29Hell week came again.
30:44:34Cold water,
30:44:37wet sand,
30:44:40almost no sleep.
30:45:01Did he join a new group?
30:45:13Yes.
30:45:15He joined a new group of men, class 235.
30:45:23Was the sand wet or dry?
30:45:32The sand was wet.
30:45:36What came again?
30:45:43Hell week came again.
30:45:51>> This time his body held on and he did
30:45:56not [sighs] stop.
30:46:07In 2001,
30:46:09after three tries, he finished the
30:46:13training.
30:46:15He [cheering] was finally a Navy Seal.
30:46:35Now it's your turn. Answer the
30:46:38questions.
30:46:40>> Did he stop
30:46:43this time?
30:46:52No.
30:46:54This time he did not stop.
30:46:59Did he finish
30:47:01after two tries
30:47:05or after three tries?
30:47:16He finished the training after three
30:47:21tries.
30:47:23When did he finish the training?
30:47:36He finished the training
30:47:39in 2001.
30:47:44>> I'm super proud of you.
30:47:49Look at those words again.
30:47:53Back to day one.
30:48:03For most people they mean the end.
30:48:08For him they meant another chance.
30:48:17Should
30:48:32you look at those words
30:48:35again?
30:48:46Yes.
30:48:48Look at those words again.
30:48:51Back to day one.
30:48:55For most people, do the words mean the
30:49:00end
30:49:02or a chance?
30:49:10For most people, they mean the end.
30:49:16What did the words mean for him?
30:49:28For him they meant another chance.
30:49:41Each time he knew the training a little
30:49:45better than before.
30:49:54For him, every setback was a ticket to
30:49:59try again, not an exit.
30:50:15Let's jump into it. Was every setback
30:50:20an exit?
30:50:30No.
30:50:33Every setback was a ticket to try again.
30:50:39Is a setback a ticket
30:50:42or an exit?
30:50:53A setback is a ticket to try again,
30:50:59not an exit.
30:51:03What did he know better? Each time
30:51:14he knew the training a little better
30:51:18than before.
30:51:26Did you fail an English test?
30:51:30Did you stop a course halfway?
30:51:44Stopping halfway is not an exit.
30:51:50It is your ticket back to day one.
30:52:12is stopping halfway
30:52:17an exit.
30:52:26No,
30:52:28stopping halfway is not an exit.
30:52:32Is it your ticket back to day one
30:52:37or to the end?
30:52:46It is your ticket
30:52:49back to day one.
30:52:52Where does your ticket take you?
30:53:03Your ticket takes you
30:53:07back to day one.
30:53:18Before you quit for good,
30:53:22go back.
30:53:25Open the same book at page one.
30:53:44And start again.
30:53:48This time you know more than before.
30:54:09Let's jump into it. Should you quit for
30:54:14good?
30:54:23No.
30:54:25Before you quit for good, go back.
30:54:30Should you open a new book or the same
30:54:35book?
30:54:42Open the same book
30:54:45at page one.
30:54:48What should you do
30:54:51before you quit for good?
30:54:57Before
30:55:03you quit for good, go back and start
30:55:07again.
30:55:15The grammar we practice today before
30:55:19after still the doctors took him out
30:55:22before the end.
30:55:26After the illness, his lungs got well.
30:55:31After the broken knee, he went back to
30:55:34day one.
30:55:37After all that work, he was at the start
30:55:40again.
30:55:47Congratulations.
30:55:49You practiced 352 words in this story
30:55:53and you learned a lot.
30:56:17Congratulations.
30:56:20Yes. 50 scientifically proven ways to be
30:56:24persuasive.
30:56:27I think
30:56:46for
30:56:51sheet.
30:57:07Come on.
30:57:26Please call again.
30:57:29>> Please call again from the book Yes. 50
30:57:34scientifically proven ways to be
30:57:36persuasive by Noah J. Goldstein, Steve
30:57:40J. Martin, and Robert B. Chaldini
30:57:44operator
30:57:47shopping
30:57:49ad
30:57:51proof
30:57:53social
30:57:55sure
30:57:57honest
30:58:00popular
30:58:02trust
30:58:04effect.
30:58:07Look at these TV shopping words.
30:58:13Operators are waiting. Please call now.
30:58:32Operators are the people who answer the
30:58:36phone.
30:58:44After the ad, people call a number and
30:58:49buy the product.
30:59:00Awesome.
30:59:10Do operators
30:59:13answer the phone?
30:59:24Yes.
30:59:26Operators are the people who answer the
30:59:30phone.
30:59:32Are these TV shopping words or school
30:59:38words?
30:59:44These are TV shopping words.
30:59:49What do people do after the ad?
31:00:02After the ad, people call a number and
31:00:06buy the product.
31:00:13A writer named Colleen Saut wrote TV
31:00:18shopping ads like this.
31:00:21It was her job.
31:00:36One day she worked on an ad for a home
31:00:41exercise machine.
31:01:00Did Colleen S write TV shopping ads?
31:01:14>> Yes,
31:01:16she wrote TV shopping ads like this.
31:01:22Was the ad for a home exercise machine
31:01:26or a car?
31:01:34The ad was for a home exercise machine.
31:01:40What was her job?
31:01:49She wrote TV shopping ads.
31:01:52It was her job.
31:02:00>> More calls meant more money, so the ad
31:02:05had to sell.
31:02:17So, here is the problem.
31:02:21How do you make more people pick up the
31:02:25phone?
31:02:44Did more calls mean more money?
31:02:58Yes.
31:03:00More calls meant more money, so the ad
31:03:04had to sell.
31:03:07Did the ad have to sell or just look
31:03:11nice?
31:03:17The ad had to sell.
31:03:22What is the problem?
31:03:32The problem is making more people pick
31:03:36up the phone.
31:03:42>> What would you do?
31:03:47You are the writer now.
31:03:59Popular answers are
31:04:02lower the price or give a free gift.
31:04:17Other answers
31:04:20talk louder or show the machine more
31:04:24times
31:04:41speaking skills.
31:04:43Are you the writer now?
31:04:54Yes,
31:04:56you are the writer. Now,
31:05:00is a popular answer a lower price or a
31:05:05higher price?
31:05:12A popular answer is a lower price.
31:05:18What are other answers?
31:05:29Talk louder
31:05:31or show the machine more times.
31:05:39She did something
31:05:42strange.
31:05:45She changed only a few words at the end.
31:06:05She took away the old line
31:06:09and wrote a new one.
31:06:22A bit.
31:06:23>> Did she change
31:06:26many words?
31:06:37No,
31:06:39she changed only a few words
31:06:43at the end.
31:06:46Did she keep the old line or write a new
31:06:51one?
31:07:00She took away the old line and wrote a
31:07:05new one.
31:07:08Where did she change the words?
31:07:19She changed a few words at the end.
31:07:32>> If operators are busy,
31:07:35please call again.
31:07:39That was all.
31:07:54Wait.
31:07:56Busy.
31:07:58Call again.
31:08:02Are you sure?
31:08:05That sounds like a problem. Not a gift.
31:08:27>> Let's jump into it.
31:08:30>> Does the new line say the operators are
31:08:35busy?
31:08:45Yes.
31:08:46If operators are busy, please call
31:08:51again.
31:08:54Does it sound like a problem or a gift?
31:09:07It sounds like a problem, not a gift.
31:09:13What was the new line?
31:09:25The new line was, "If operators are
31:09:30busy, please call again."
31:09:39>> You must wait. So, it sounds like a bad
31:09:44idea.
31:09:48Nobody likes to wait.
31:10:04Then the ad went on TV
31:10:07and sales went up very fast.
31:10:28Does anybody like to wait?
31:10:39>> No,
31:10:41nobody likes to wait.
31:10:45Did sales go up or go down?
31:10:55Sales went up very fast.
31:10:59Why does it sound like a bad idea?
31:11:11You must wait. So it sounds like a bad
31:11:16idea.
31:11:24>> It broke a sales record
31:11:28that was almost [cheering]
31:11:3020 years old.
31:11:44Why?
31:11:48Think about the picture in your head.
31:12:07Did it break a sales record?
31:12:19Yes,
31:12:21it broke a sales record.
31:12:26Was the record almost 20 years old
31:12:32or 2 years old?
31:12:42It was almost
31:12:4520 years old.
31:12:49What should you think about
31:12:57Think about the picture in your head.
31:13:06>> With the old line, you see workers doing
31:13:10nothing.
31:13:12Nobody calls, so you do not call.
31:13:32With the new line, you see busy phones.
31:13:39The product is popular.
31:14:01with the old line.
31:14:05Do you call
31:14:16No,
31:14:19nobody calls.
31:14:21So you do not call
31:14:25with the new line.
31:14:28Is the product popular
31:14:31or not?
31:14:40With the new line, the product is
31:14:44popular.
31:14:46What do you see
31:14:48with the new line?
31:14:58With the new line, you see busy phones.
31:15:10When we are not sure, we look at what
31:15:13other people do.
31:15:22Many people want it, so we trust it and
31:15:27call to
31:15:39People who study this effect call it
31:15:44social proof
31:15:59speaking.
31:16:02Do we trust what many people want?
31:16:15Yes,
31:16:18many people want it. So we trust it and
31:16:22call too.
31:16:25When we are not sure,
31:16:28do we look at others
31:16:30or at the price?
31:16:41When we are not sure,
31:16:44we look at what other people do.
31:16:49What do people call this effect?
31:16:53People
31:16:59call it social proof.
31:17:10>> Shot did not ask people to call.
31:17:15She showed them that others were
31:17:18calling.
31:17:31This effect can help you too
31:17:34in an honest way.
31:17:49Did shot ask people to call?
31:18:02No.
31:18:04Shot did not ask people to call.
31:18:10Can this effect help you in an honest
31:18:13way or only as a trick?
31:18:26This effect can help you too in an
31:18:30honest way.
31:18:32What did she show them?
31:18:41She showed them that others were
31:18:44calling.
31:18:47Congratulations. Let's keep going.
31:18:51>> Studying English alone can feel like an
31:18:54empty phone line.
31:19:05You see nobody else doing it. So you
31:19:09stop trusting your plan.
31:19:23Great.
31:19:27Can studying English alone
31:19:31feel like an empty phone line?
31:19:43Yes,
31:19:45it can feel like an empty phone line.
31:19:52Do you see [sighs and gasps] many people
31:19:54doing it or nobody?
31:20:02You see nobody else doing it.
31:20:07What happens when you see nobody doing
31:20:11it,
31:20:21you see nobody else doing it, so you
31:20:26stop trusting your plan.
31:20:31>> Congratulations.
31:20:36So try a small experiment this week.
31:20:43Join a group where people practice every
31:20:48day.
31:21:04That is honest social proof.
31:21:09Real people
31:21:11doing real practice.
31:21:28Then watch what happens
31:21:31when you see others
31:21:34doing it too.
31:21:51Let's jump into it.
31:21:53Should you join a group?
31:22:05Yes.
31:22:07Join a group where people practice every
31:22:11day.
31:22:14Is it honest social proof?
31:22:18or a trick.
31:22:28That is honest social proof.
31:22:32Real people doing real practice.
31:22:38What should you try this week?
31:22:49Try a small experiment
31:22:52this week.
31:23:01The grammar we practice today. So more
31:23:05calls meant more money. So the ad had to
31:23:09sell.
31:23:12You must wait. So it sounds like a bad
31:23:15idea.
31:23:18Nobody calls so you do not call.
31:23:23Many people want it so we trust it and
31:23:27call too.
31:23:35Congratulations.
31:23:37You practiced 350 words in this story
31:23:40and you learned a lot.
31:23:44That's amazing. Awesome.
31:24:02Amazing. Awesome.
31:24:25Let's
31:24:33Instagram.
31:25:03native speaker.
31:25:12Native speaker
31:25:37feedback.
31:25:43Listening
31:25:51Fore
31:26:02listening with speaking
31:26:15battle Idioms.
31:26:44Awesome.
31:26:47Uh,
31:27:11and
31:27:35What happened?
31:27:40Six minutes.
31:27:42Six minutes from the book Alibaba by
31:27:46Duncan Clark.
31:27:49Invest.
31:27:51Surprise.
31:27:54Mirror.
31:27:56Recipe.
31:27:58Giant.
31:28:00Investor.
31:28:02Third.
31:28:05Brief.
31:28:07Nervous.
31:28:09Impress.
31:28:12This story is about six minutes
31:28:17and how they changed a company.
31:28:32You can find it in Duncan Clark's book
31:28:35about Alibaba.
31:28:45In late 1999,
31:28:48Jack Mars Company was young and small.
31:29:14Is this story about
31:29:18six minutes?
31:29:29Yes.
31:29:31This story is about six minutes.
31:29:36Was Jack Mar's company big
31:29:40or young and small?
31:29:50Jack Mar's company was young and small.
31:29:57Whose book tells this story?
31:30:09You can find it in Duncan Clark's
31:30:13[clears throat] book about Alibaba.
31:30:18>> Extraordinary. Let's keep it up.
31:30:21>> It had some money from investors.
31:30:26It needed much more to grow.
31:30:40Jack went to Beijing to meet people with
31:30:43money to invest.
31:30:57Hello.
31:31:00>> Did the company have money from
31:31:03investors?
31:31:12Yes,
31:31:14it had some money from investors.
31:31:19Did it need a little more or much more?
31:31:30It needed much more to grow.
31:31:35Why did Jack go to Beijing?
31:31:45He went to meet people with money to
31:31:49invest.
31:31:53>> Well done.
31:31:56One of them was Masa Yoshi Son, an
31:32:00investing giant from Japan.
31:32:14Many people wanted Son's money.
31:32:19His time was short.
31:32:38Was son an investing giant?
31:32:51Yes.
31:32:53Son was an investing giant from Japan.
31:32:59Was son's time long
31:33:03or short?
31:33:09His time was short.
31:33:14Where was son from?
31:33:22son was from Japan.
31:33:27>> Fabulous. Let's keep it up.
31:33:30>> What would most people bring?
31:33:36A long plan with many pages and numbers.
31:33:56Jack did not have a long plan.
31:34:01His company made almost no money yet.
31:34:22Did Jack have a long plan?
31:34:34No,
31:34:36Jack did not have a long plan.
31:34:41Would most people bring a long plan
31:34:45or a short story?
31:34:57Most people would bring a long plan with
31:35:02many pages and numbers.
31:35:06How much money did his company make?
31:35:17His company made almost no money.
31:35:21Yet
31:35:29>> he did not try to impress son with
31:35:33numbers.
31:35:36He talked about his dream.
31:35:52First he talked about small Chinese
31:35:56companies.
31:35:59Then he said the internet could help
31:36:02them grow.
31:36:23Did Jack try to impress son with
31:36:29numbers?
31:36:39No,
31:36:41he did not try to impress son with
31:36:45numbers
31:36:48first. Did he talk about big companies
31:36:52or small Chinese companies?
31:37:03First he talked about small Chinese
31:37:07companies.
31:37:09What did he say then?
31:37:20Then he said the internet could help
31:37:24them grow.
31:37:31After that he talked about selling to
31:37:35the whole world.
31:37:46Then after about 6 minutes son stopped
31:37:50him.
31:37:52He wanted to invest.
31:38:16Did son stop him after about six
31:38:20minutes?
31:38:30Yes.
31:38:32Then after about 6 minutes, sun stopped
31:38:36him.
31:38:38After that, did he talk about China only
31:38:44or the whole world?
31:38:55After that he talked about selling to
31:38:59the whole world.
31:39:02What did son want to do?
31:39:11He wanted to invest.
31:39:21six minutes,
31:39:25not six months,
31:39:28not six meetings.
31:39:32That was the first surprise.
31:39:50son was impressed.
31:39:55Later, he said he saw something strong
31:39:58in Jack's eyes.
31:40:18How
31:40:22was son impressed?
31:40:32>> Yes,
31:40:34son was impressed.
31:40:38Was it six minutes or six months?
31:40:52It was six minutes.
31:40:56That was the first surprise.
31:41:00What did son see in Jack's eyes?
31:41:13He saw something strong in Jack's eyes.
31:41:24>> Next came a second surprise.
31:41:30Son offered a lot of money.
31:41:43Then came a third surprise.
31:41:48Jack and his team did not take it all.
31:42:09speaking.
31:42:12Did son offer
31:42:15a lot of money?
31:42:25Yes.
31:42:27son offered a lot of money.
31:42:31Was that the first surprise
31:42:35or the second surprise?
31:42:44That was the second surprise.
31:42:48What was the third surprise?
31:43:00Jack and his team
31:43:04did not take it all.
31:43:11>> Finally, they took $20 million.
31:43:19They did not want to give away too much.
31:43:38That was a good choice for both men.
31:43:44Alibaba grew into a giant.
31:44:03Now it's your turn. Answer the
31:44:06questions.
31:44:07>> Did they take
31:44:10$20 million?
31:44:22Yes,
31:44:24finally they took $20 million.
31:44:30Did Alibaba stay small
31:44:34or grow into a giant?
31:44:43Alibaba grew into a giant.
31:44:49Why did they not take it all?
31:45:00They did not want
31:45:03to give away too much.
31:45:08>> Congratulations. Let's keep going.
31:45:12Years later, the money son gave was
31:45:16worth many, many times more.
31:45:30Jack was ready because he knew his story
31:45:34well.
31:45:37He could keep it brief.
31:45:56Great.
31:45:59Could Jack keep his story
31:46:03brief?
31:46:11Yes,
31:46:13he could keep it brief.
31:46:16Was the money worth less
31:46:21or many times more?
31:46:31It was worth many, many times more.
31:46:38Why was Jack ready?
31:46:47He knew his story well.
31:46:57>> Have your story ready.
31:47:02A big chance
31:47:04can last six minutes.
31:47:20So, here is a simple recipe.
31:47:25Write your story in three brief
31:47:29sentences.
31:47:48Can a big chance
31:47:51last six minutes?
31:48:03Yes,
31:48:05a big chance can last six minutes.
31:48:11Is it a simple recipe
31:48:14or a long plan?
31:48:26It is a simple recipe.
31:48:31Write your story in three brief
31:48:35sentences.
31:48:38What should you have ready?
31:48:46Have your story ready.
31:48:56First who you are,
31:49:01then what you want.
31:49:06Finally, why it matters.
31:49:25Practice the recipe in English out loud
31:49:29every day this week.
31:49:46Should you say who you are
31:49:50first?
31:49:58Yes.
31:50:00First who you are.
31:50:04Finally,
31:50:06do you say why it matters
31:50:10or how old you are?
31:50:19Finally,
31:50:21why it matters.
31:50:24When should you practice the recipe?
31:50:36Practice the recipe every day this west.
31:50:42>> That's amazing.
31:50:45Let's jump into it and come.
31:50:48>> First say it to your mirror.
31:50:54The mirror is your first investor.
31:51:11then to a friend
31:51:14and a third time to your phone.
31:51:27You may feel nervous at first.
31:51:31That is normal.
31:51:41Then when your six minutes come, you
31:51:45will be ready, not nervous.
31:52:03final round.
31:52:08>> Should you say it to your mirror first?
31:52:19Yes.
31:52:21First say it to your mirror.
31:52:26Is the mirror your first investor
31:52:30or your last?
31:52:38The mirror is your first investor.
31:52:43How may you feel
31:52:45at first?
31:52:55You may feel nervous at first. That is
31:53:01normal.
31:53:09The grammar we practice today. first,
31:53:12then finally, first he talked about
31:53:16small Chinese companies.
31:53:20Then he said the internet could help
31:53:23them grow.
31:53:26After that, he talked about selling to
31:53:29the whole world.
31:53:32Next came a second surprise.
31:53:41Congratulations.
31:53:43You practiced 350 words in this story
31:53:47and you learned a lot.
31:54:09It's all working.
31:54:32The power of habit.
31:54:45Swimming blind.
31:54:48Swimming blind from the book The Power
31:54:52of Habit by Charles Doohig.
31:54:56Tape
31:54:58pool
31:55:00coach
31:55:02panic
31:55:04medal.
31:55:07Touch
31:55:09length.
31:55:11Stroke
31:55:13disaster.
31:55:15sight.
31:55:18>> The pool is quiet.
31:55:22Eight swimmers are standing on their
31:55:26blocks
31:55:27above the water.
31:55:44It is 208
31:55:48at the Olympic Games in Beijing
31:55:52in [cheering] China.
31:56:19are eight swimmers
31:56:23standing on their blocks.
31:56:35Yes.
31:56:38Eight swimmers are standing on their
31:56:41blocks
31:56:43above the water.
31:56:46Is the pool quiet
31:56:51or loud?
31:56:57The pool
31:56:59is quiet.
31:57:01Where are the Olympic Games?
31:57:15The Olympic Games are in Beijing,
31:57:20in China.
31:57:28One of the swimmers is Michael Phelps.
31:57:34This race is his best event.
31:57:51It is the butterfly final.
31:57:55He wants a gold medal and a world
31:57:59record.
31:58:18Does Michael Phelps want a gold medal?
31:58:31Yes,
31:58:33he wants a gold medal.
31:58:37and a world record.
31:58:42Is this race [snorts]
31:58:44his best event
31:58:47or his worst event?
31:58:56This race is his best event.
31:59:01Which final is it?
31:59:09It is the butterfly final.
31:59:16Let's jump into
31:59:21Let's keep it up.
31:59:23He dives in.
31:59:26At once he feels something is wrong.
31:59:40Water is coming into his goggles
31:59:44every length. More water is coming in.
32:00:05Speaking skills
32:00:08is water coming into his goggles.
32:00:21Yes,
32:00:25water is coming into his goggles.
32:00:30Is more water or less water coming in
32:00:35every length.
32:00:43every length more water is coming in.
32:00:49What does he feel at once?
32:00:59At once
32:01:01he feels something is wrong.
32:01:06>> Congratulations. Let's keep going.
32:01:09On the last length, he has no sight at
32:01:14all.
32:01:16Not the wall,
32:01:21not the line.
32:01:37His coach, Bob Bowman, is watching from
32:01:41the side of the pool.
32:01:57>> Is his coach watching from the side of
32:02:01the pool?
32:02:11Yes,
32:02:13his coach is watching
32:02:16from the side of the pool.
32:02:20On the last length,
32:02:24does he have sight
32:02:27or no sight?
32:02:36On the last length,
32:02:39he has no sight at all.
32:02:43Who is watching from the side of the
32:02:46pool?
32:02:54His coach, Bob Bowman,
32:02:58is watching.
32:03:05Years of hard work are all in this one
32:03:10race.
32:03:13This could be a disaster.
32:03:32A swimmer with no sight could panic.
32:03:37Phelps does not panic.
32:03:56speaking.
32:03:59Does Phelps
32:04:01panic?
32:04:10No,
32:04:12Phelps does not panic. Could
32:04:17this be a disaster
32:04:20or an easy day?
32:04:28This could be a disaster.
32:04:34What could a swimmer with no sight do?
32:04:44A swimmer with no sight
32:04:48could panic.
32:04:54>> He knows this race very well.
32:04:59He swam it in his head many times
32:05:02before.
32:05:16Every night and every morning he did one
32:05:20habit from his coach.
32:05:36Let's jump into it.
32:05:38Did he swim this race in his head
32:05:42before?
32:05:53Yes,
32:05:55he swam it in his head many times
32:05:59before.
32:06:01Did he do the habit every night or once
32:06:06a year?
32:06:15He did it every night and every morning.
32:06:22Where did the habit come from?
32:06:31He did one habit from his coach.
32:06:38Fabulous. Let's keep it up.
32:06:41>> He played a videotape in his mind.
32:06:46The [clears throat] perfect race.
32:07:00He saw the start,
32:07:02the turns,
32:07:05and the winning touch.
32:07:23Did he play a videape in his mind?
32:07:36Yes,
32:07:38he played a video tape in his mind.
32:07:43Did he see the perfect race
32:07:47or a bad race?
32:07:55He saw the perfect race.
32:08:01What did he see?
32:08:11He saw the start,
32:08:14the turns,
32:08:17and the winning touch.
32:08:27So now blind in the water he is not
32:08:32using his eyes.
32:08:44He is counting his strokes
32:08:48like on the tape in his head.
32:09:07Is he using his eyes now?
32:09:19No,
32:09:22he is not using his eyes.
32:09:27Is he counting his strokes
32:09:30or the people?
32:09:37He is counting his strokes.
32:09:41Where is the tape?
32:09:49The tape is
32:09:52in his head. [clears throat]
32:10:01Count with him now
32:10:0418
32:10:0819
32:10:1120
32:10:14The wall must be close.
32:10:31his tape says one more
32:10:3621.
32:10:39One big stroke and he touches the wall.
32:10:47[cheering] Awesome.
32:11:07Does his tape say
32:11:10one more?
32:11:21Yes.
32:11:22His tape says one more.
32:11:27Does he touch the wall or the line?
32:11:37He touches the wall.
32:11:40What must be close?
32:11:49The wall
32:11:51must be close.
32:12:00>> He pulls off his goggles
32:12:03and looks up at the board.
32:12:14Next to his name are two letters.
32:12:19Wr
32:12:23a new world record.
32:12:42He wins the gold medal
32:12:46[cheering] without seeing the end of the
32:12:48race.
32:13:02Let's jump into it.
32:13:05>> Does he win the gold medal?
32:13:18Yes,
32:13:20he wins the gold medal.
32:13:24Does he look at the water
32:13:28or at the board?
32:13:34He looks up at the board.
32:13:37What are the two letters next to his
32:13:41name?
32:13:50The two letters are
32:13:54ra
32:13:56a new world record.
32:14:08Later, someone asked how it felt.
32:14:14He said it felt
32:14:17like he imagined it.
32:14:26His
32:14:34tape beat the water.
32:14:39Rehearse so well that a disaster cannot
32:14:43stop you.
32:15:00Now it's your turn. Answer the
32:15:03questions.
32:15:05>> Can a disaster stop you if you rehearse
32:15:09well?
32:15:19No.
32:15:22Rehearse so well that a disaster cannot
32:15:26stop you.
32:15:28Did his tapes beat the water
32:15:33or did the water win?
32:15:41His tape beat the water.
32:15:46How did it feel? He said
32:15:58he said it felt
32:16:00like he imagined it.
32:16:05>> Well done.
32:16:08You are learning English
32:16:12so you can do the same.
32:16:17Here is a recipe
32:16:33tonight before sleep. Close your eyes.
32:16:39Play one English conversation in your
32:16:43mind.
32:17:03Okay. Now,
32:17:05>> are you learning English?
32:17:17Yes,
32:17:19you are learning English,
32:17:23so you can do the same.
32:17:26Do you play the conversation in your
32:17:29mind
32:17:31or on your phone?
32:17:38You play it in your mind.
32:17:43When do you close your eyes
32:17:54tonight?
32:17:56Therefore, sleep.
32:17:58Close your eyes.
32:18:09See the place. Hear
32:18:14the question.
32:18:18Say your answer quietly,
32:18:21word by word.
32:18:38Play it again in the morning.
32:18:42before you touch your phone.
32:18:53Then on the real day, your mind will
32:18:58already know the way
32:19:11Final round.
32:19:17Do you touch your phone first in the
32:19:20morning?
32:19:30No.
32:19:33Play it again
32:19:36before you touch your phone.
32:19:40Do you say your answer
32:19:43quietly
32:19:44or loudly?
32:19:54Say your answer quietly,
32:19:57word by word.
32:20:01What will your mind know on the real
32:20:04day?
32:20:12Your mind will already know the way.
32:20:24The grammar we practice today, present
32:20:27continuous.
32:20:29Eight swimmers are standing on their
32:20:31blocks above the water.
32:20:35Water is coming into his goggles.
32:20:40Every length more water is coming in.
32:20:46His coach Bob Bowman is watching from
32:20:48the side of the pool.
32:20:56Congratulations.
32:20:58You practiced 353 words in this story
32:21:02and you learned a lot.
32:21:37This is amazing.
32:21:39Fluent in three months.
32:22:10It's a very nice book. No, no, I guess
32:22:12that's Egypt on a small screen.
32:22:17>> Egypt on a small screen from the book
32:22:21Fluent in Three Months by Benny Lewis.
32:22:26Lesson,
32:22:28conversation,
32:22:31textbook,
32:22:34travel,
32:22:36grammar,
32:22:38messy,
32:22:40clue,
32:22:42fluent,
32:22:44native,
32:22:46abroad.
32:22:49Look at this.
32:22:53A man sits in a small room in Brazil.
32:23:11He is talking to an Egyptian teacher on
32:23:15his computer screen.
32:23:38Is he talking to an Egyptian teacher?
32:23:52Yes,
32:23:54he is talking to an Egyptian teacher
32:23:58on his computer screen.
32:24:02Does he sit in a small room
32:24:06or a big room?
32:24:15He sits in a small room in Brazil.
32:24:21What is on his computer screen?
32:24:31An Egyptian teacher is on his computer
32:24:35screen.
32:24:38>> All right, back to the story.
32:24:41They are speaking Egyptian Arabic.
32:24:45The Arabic people speak in Cairo.
32:24:58The man is Benny Lewis, a language
32:25:02learner from Ireland.
32:25:17Is Benny Lewis from Ireland?
32:25:30Yes,
32:25:32he is a language learner from Ireland.
32:25:38Are they speaking Egyptian, Arabic
32:25:43or English?
32:25:51They are speaking Egyptian Arabic.
32:25:56Where do people speak this Arabic?
32:26:06People speak it in Cairo.
32:26:15>> It was 2012.
32:26:20He gave himself 3 months to speak
32:26:24Egyptian Arabic. Well,
32:26:42here is the puzzle.
32:26:46He was in Brazil,
32:26:50very far from Egypt.
32:27:09is speaking.
32:27:13>> Was he in Egypt?
32:27:24No.
32:27:26He was in Brazil,
32:27:30very far from Egypt.
32:27:33Did he give himself 3 months
32:27:37or 3 years?
32:27:45He gave himself three months.
32:27:50What did he want to do in three months?
32:28:01He wanted to speak Egyptian Arabic.
32:28:05Well,
32:28:08>> that's amazing.
32:28:12>> Around him, everyone spoke Portuguese.
32:28:18Almost nobody spoke Arabic.
32:28:35How can you learn a language
32:28:39in the wrong country?
32:28:44Take a guess.
32:29:05Did everyone around him speak Arabic?
32:29:16No.
32:29:19Almost nobody spoke Arabic.
32:29:23Did people around him speak Portuguese
32:29:27or Arabic
32:29:36around him? Everyone spoke Portuguese.
32:29:42What does the story ask you to do?
32:29:49Take a guess.
32:29:56Most people give the same answer.
32:30:01Buy a book,
32:30:03study the grammar,
32:30:07and wait.
32:30:23Many say you must live abroad first.
32:30:28Only then can you speak.
32:30:47Do many people say you must live abroad
32:30:51first?
32:31:01>> Yes.
32:31:03Many say you must live abroad first.
32:31:10Do most people say study the grammar
32:31:15or talk to people.
32:31:27Most people say buy a book, study the
32:31:31grammar.
32:31:33and wait.
32:31:36When can you speak? They say
32:31:47only then they say can you speak.
32:31:59He did not agree.
32:32:04He did not wait to travel to Egypt.
32:32:20He found native Egyptian teachers
32:32:24online.
32:32:27He booked lessons with them.
32:32:52Did he wait to travel to Egypt?
32:33:04No,
32:33:07he did not wait to travel to Egypt.
32:33:13Did he find native teachers online
32:33:18or in a shop?
32:33:28He found native Egyptian teachers
32:33:32online.
32:33:36What did he book with them?
32:33:44He booked lessons with them.
32:33:49Well done.
32:33:53Every day he had a lesson with them
32:33:58on a video call.
32:34:10He spoke from the first days with few
32:34:14words and little grammar.
32:34:27Great.
32:34:31Did he have a lesson with them every
32:34:34day?
32:34:45Yes.
32:34:47Every day he had a lesson with them on a
32:34:51video call.
32:34:54Did he start with a lot of grammar or
32:34:58little grammar?
32:35:07He spoke with few words and little
32:35:11grammar.
32:35:14When did he start speaking?
32:35:22He spoke from the first days.
32:35:28Extraordinary. Let's keep it up.
32:35:32>> His Arabic [gasps] was missing.
32:35:36His teachers corrected him
32:35:41and he tried again.
32:35:57He talked about his day, his food,
32:36:02and later even bigger ideas.
32:36:23Okay. Now,
32:36:25>> did his teachers correct him?
32:36:38Yes,
32:36:40his teachers corrected him
32:36:44and he tried again.
32:36:47Was his Arabic messy
32:36:51or perfect? His
32:36:57Arabic was messy.
32:37:01What did he talk about?
32:37:12He talked about his day, his food, and
32:37:17later even bigger ideas.
32:37:24That's great.
32:37:28So Egypt came to him through a small
32:37:33screen in Brazil.
32:37:46Each call gave him a clue.
32:37:50the words he still needed.
32:38:07Did Egypt come to him?
32:38:19Yes.
32:38:21Egypt came to him through a small screen
32:38:27in Brazil.
32:38:29Did each call give him a clue or a
32:38:34problem?
32:38:41Each call gave him a clue.
32:38:45What was the clue?
32:38:56The clue was
32:38:58the words he still needed.
32:39:08>> So he learned those words
32:39:12and used them in the next call.
32:39:26Slowly his talks became longer,
32:39:31faster, and easier.
32:39:51Did he use the new words in the next
32:39:56call?
32:40:06Yes,
32:40:08he learned those words and used them in
32:40:12the next call.
32:40:15Did his talks become longer
32:40:19or shorter?
32:40:29His talks became longer, faster, and
32:40:33easier.
32:40:35When did he use them?
32:40:45He used them in the next call.
32:40:57>> After 3 months, he was not fully fluent.
32:41:03He called his Arabic very useful,
32:41:07but still messy.
32:41:24Then he traveled to Egypt and used his
32:41:29Arabic with people there.
32:41:47Was he fully fluent after 3 months?
32:42:01No.
32:42:03After 3 months, he was not fully fluent.
32:42:10Did he travel to Egypt or to London?
32:42:20He traveled to Egypt.
32:42:24How did he describe his Arabic?
32:42:36He called it very useful
32:42:40but still messy.
32:42:47>> The missing clue was simple.
32:42:52He did not need Egypt.
32:42:56He needed Egyptians.
32:43:15No trip and no textbook.
32:43:20Real conversation beats textbooks
32:43:25in any country.
32:43:43Awesome.
32:43:46Was
32:43:49the missing clue simple?
32:44:00Yes.
32:44:02The missing clue was simple.
32:44:07Does real conversation beat textbooks
32:44:12or do textbooks win?
32:44:24Real conversation beats textbooks
32:44:29in any country.
32:44:33What did he need?
32:44:41He needed Egyptians.
32:44:49You are learning English.
32:44:53Maybe you think you must live abroad to
32:44:57become fluent.
32:45:12Try a small experiment
32:45:17this week. Have one short English
32:45:21conversation
32:45:22every day.
32:45:40Awesome.
32:45:41Let's go.
32:45:43>> Are you learning English?
32:45:52Yes,
32:45:54you are learning English.
32:45:59Is it one English conversation every day
32:46:04or every month?
32:46:14Have one short English conversation
32:46:19every day.
32:46:22Where do you think you must live to
32:46:25become fluent?
32:46:33Maybe you think you must live abroad.
32:46:41And let's continue.
32:46:44Use a teacher, a friend, or a native
32:46:48speaker.
32:46:515 minutes is enough.
32:47:07On Friday,
32:47:08count the new words you used.
32:47:15Your country did not change.
32:47:19Your habit did
32:47:42Let's jump into it.
32:47:45>> Is 5 minutes enough?
32:47:54Yes,
32:47:565 minutes is enough.
32:48:00Did your country change or your habit
32:48:14Your country did not change,
32:48:18your habit did.
32:48:22Who can you talk to?
32:48:32Use a teacher, a friend, or a native
32:48:37speaker.
32:48:45The grammar we practice today, object
32:48:48pronouns, he booked lessons with them.
32:48:54Every day he had a lesson with them on a
32:48:57video call.
32:49:00His teachers corrected him and he tried
32:49:03again.
32:49:06So Egypt came to him through a small
32:49:09screen in Brazil.
32:49:18Congratulations.
32:49:19You practiced 340 words in this story
32:49:23and you learned a lot.
32:49:28>> Congratulations.
32:49:57Awesome.
32:50:00The ultra learning.
32:50:38Four years in one.
32:50:41>> Four years in one from the book
32:50:44ultraarning by Scott H. Young.
32:50:49Final
32:50:51speed
32:50:53method
32:50:55knowledge
32:50:58pass
32:51:0012
32:51:02honestly
32:51:04program
32:51:07shadow
32:51:09spring
32:51:12October
32:51:142011.
32:51:18A young man sits at his desk
32:51:22in Canada. [clears throat]
32:51:39His name is Scott Young.
32:51:43His
32:51:44book Ultra Learning begins with this
32:51:49year.
32:52:18is the young man in Canada.
32:52:31Yes.
32:52:34A young [sighs] man sits at his desk
32:52:38in Canada.
32:52:41Does he sit at a desk
32:52:44or on a bus?
32:52:52He sits at his desk.
32:52:56What begins with this year?
32:53:02His
32:53:07book Ultra Learning begins with this
32:53:10year.
32:53:13>> Fabulous. Let's keep it up.
32:53:16>> He already has a business degree.
32:53:20Now he wants to learn computer science.
32:53:36Going back to university is slow.
32:53:42It also costs a lot of money.
32:54:00Does he already have a business degree?
32:54:12Yes,
32:54:14he already has a business degree.
32:54:18Is going back to university
32:54:22fast
32:54:24or slow?
32:54:32Going back to university is slow.
32:54:37What does he want to learn now?
32:54:47Now he wants to learn computer science.
32:55:00Then he finds something on the internet.
32:55:05MIT puts many of its classes online.
32:55:24The videos are free.
32:55:28The homework is free.
32:55:32Even the final exams are free.
32:55:59Are the final exams free?
32:56:11Yes,
32:56:14even the final exams are free.
32:56:19Does MIT put classes online
32:56:25or keep them secret?
32:56:35MIT puts many of its classes online.
32:56:41Where does he find something?
32:56:51He finds something
32:56:54on the internet.
32:57:01So he sets a strange goal.
32:57:05The whole program in one year.
32:57:11The idea is his.
32:57:29Students at MIT take 4 years for this.
32:57:35He gives himself 12 months.
32:58:02Is the idea his?
32:58:12Yes,
32:58:14the idea is his.
32:58:19Does he give himself 12 months
32:58:23or 4 years?
32:58:31He gives himself 12 months.
32:58:36What is his strange goal?
32:58:44His
32:58:49goal is
32:58:51the whole program
32:58:54in one year.
32:59:01>> That is 33 classes.
32:59:07Read that number again.
32:59:1133 classes in one year.
32:59:31He makes one rule.
32:59:35A class counts only when he passes its
32:59:40real final exam.
32:59:59Awesome.
33:00:05Does a class count before he passes the
33:00:09final exam?
33:00:20No.
33:00:23A class counts only
33:00:26when he passes its real final exam.
33:00:33Is it 33 classes
33:00:37or three classes?
33:00:46That is 33 classes.
33:00:52How many classes are in one year?
33:01:0233 classes are in one year.
33:01:12Winter
33:01:15he studies every day like it is his
33:01:19fulltime job.
33:01:34He watches the classes at high speed.
33:01:39Then he does many practice problems.
33:02:02Does he study every day?
33:02:14Yes,
33:02:16he studies every day like it is his
33:02:22fulltime
33:02:23job.
33:02:25Does he watch the classes at high speed
33:02:30or low speed?
33:02:39He watches the classes at high speed.
33:02:45What does he do after the classes?
33:02:56Then he does many practice problems.
33:03:06If an idea is unclear,
33:03:10he explains it to himself on paper.
33:03:26Some weeks are hard.
33:03:30Some exams are hard.
33:03:34He checks his answers honestly.
33:03:58Does he check his answers honestly?
33:04:10Yes,
33:04:12he checks his answers honestly.
33:04:17Does he explain an idea on paper
33:04:21or on the phone?
33:04:30He explains it to himself
33:04:34on paper.
33:04:37What is hard?
33:04:48Some weeks are hard.
33:04:52Some exams are hard.
33:05:03Spring 2012.
33:05:07He knows his method now.
33:05:11His speed goes up.
33:05:28He shares his work online.
33:05:32The results are his
33:05:36and anyone can check them.
33:05:38[clears throat]
33:05:58Are the results his?
33:06:10Yes,
33:06:12the results are his
33:06:16and anyone can check them.
33:06:20In spring, does his speed go up or down?
33:06:32His speed goes up.
33:06:36What does he know now?
33:06:44He knows his method. Now
33:06:55>> after spring comes summer.
33:07:00He keeps the same simple rhythm.
33:07:16Every day he learns.
33:07:21Every day he tests himself.
33:07:27The method works.
33:07:48Let's jump into it.
33:07:51Does the method work?
33:08:02Yes.
33:08:04The method works.
33:08:08After spring,
33:08:11does summer or winter come?
33:08:20After spring
33:08:22comes summer.
33:08:25What does he do every day?
33:08:38Every day he learns.
33:08:42Every
33:08:43>> day he tests himself.
33:08:49>> That's great.
33:08:53September 2012,
33:08:57he sits down for his very last final
33:09:01exam.
33:09:15He passes
33:09:2033 classes [snorts]
33:09:22in less than 12 months.
33:09:39Great.
33:09:43Does he
33:09:45pass?
33:09:54Yes, [snorts]
33:09:56he passes.
33:10:00Is it his first final exam
33:10:03or his last?
33:10:11It is his very last final exam.
33:10:16How many months does it take?
33:10:26It takes less than 12 months.
33:10:31That's amazing.
33:10:35>> He does not get a degree,
33:10:38only the knowledge.
33:10:42He was never an MIT student.
33:10:58Yet the knowledge is his now.
33:11:04Nobody can take it away.
33:11:26Does he get a degree?
33:11:37No,
33:11:40he does not get a degree.
33:11:43Only the knowledge.
33:11:46Is the knowledge MITs
33:11:51or his?
33:11:58The knowledge is his now.
33:12:03Who can take the knowledge away?
33:12:13Nobody can take it away.
33:12:22So what counted?
33:12:26A clear goal,
33:12:28a clear test
33:12:31and daily work.
33:12:35All three were his.
33:12:53Four years of classes fit into one.
33:12:59A short, hard, planned push can do years
33:13:05of work.
33:13:28Were all three his?
33:13:38Yes.
33:13:40All three were his.
33:13:44Is it a long slow push or a short hard
33:13:51push?
33:14:01A short, hard, planned push can do years
33:14:07of work.
33:14:09What counted
33:14:20a clear goal?
33:14:22A clear test and daily work counted.
33:14:29>> Congratulations.
33:14:35>> Here is a small recipe for your English.
33:14:40First, pick one clear goal.
33:14:46Make it yours.
33:15:03For example, shadow one story every day
33:15:08for one month.
33:15:11That is your program.
33:15:28Shadow every day.
33:15:31At the end, test yourself honestly.
33:15:38The results will be yours.
33:15:57Final round.
33:16:03>> Will the results be yours?
33:16:14Yes,
33:16:17the results will be yours.
33:16:22Do you shadow one story every day or
33:16:27every year?
33:16:37Shadow one story every day for one
33:16:42month.
33:16:45What is your program?
33:16:56Shadow one story every day for one
33:17:00month.
33:17:03That is your program.
33:17:13The grammar we practice today,
33:17:16possessive pronouns. The idea is his.
33:17:22The results are his and anyone can check
33:17:25them.
33:17:28Yet the knowledge is his now.
33:17:32All three were his.
33:17:41Congratulations,
33:17:43you practice 357
33:17:46words in this story and you learned a
33:17:48lot.
33:18:23It's going to be a lot different.
33:18:42I want you to listen to what happened.
33:18:44Let's go.
33:19:06English.
33:19:20Mhm.
33:19:35Wow.
33:19:50Mhm.
33:20:15Mhm.
33:20:43English. Wow.
33:21:03English.
33:21:05Oh,ch.
33:21:51Yeah. Yeah.
33:22:18Makes sense.
33:22:26Foreage
33:22:42break.
33:23:02English.
33:23:19Mhm.
33:23:21[clears throat]
33:23:25You should have to do it.
33:23:44Fore! Foreign! Foreign!
33:24:14Mhm.
33:24:21Mhm.
33:24:23foreign.
33:24:47[clears throat]
33:24:49English.
33:25:18Yeah.
33:25:20Okay.
33:25:25Mhm.
33:25:30You
33:25:46awesome.
33:25:50How canine
33:26:16foreign.
33:26:44Wow.
33:26:47Wow.
33:26:50[laughter]
33:27:21Wow.
33:27:28for
33:27:30me.
33:27:34So
33:27:56start
33:28:02English.
33:28:08Mhm.
33:28:17Yeah.
33:28:25foreign.
33:28:50foritely.
33:29:17[gasps]
33:29:18Okay. Okay.
33:29:24video.
33:29:42So
33:29:48okay manow.
33:30:10Wow. Wow. foreign.
33:30:24Mhm.
33:30:35Wow.
33:30:55ways.
33:31:00for
33:31:09Mhm.
33:31:13English.
33:31:25Wow.
33:31:27Of course.
33:31:41Really? Wow.
33:31:49Weekend
33:31:51weekends.
33:32:03Mhm.
33:32:16for
33:32:18the door.
33:32:30Mhm.
33:32:32Mhm.
33:32:43[clears throat] foreign.
33:33:24More
33:33:39Oh,
33:33:48English.
33:34:15>> [clears throat]
33:34:23>> Okay.
33:34:30English.
33:34:39[gasps]
33:34:47Oh,
33:34:56m
33:35:01Alhamdulillah. Alhamdulillah.
33:35:23He's smart.
33:35:34Um, Fore
33:35:53[snorts]
33:36:04This
33:36:34Mhm.
33:36:36Mhm.
33:36:56So,
33:37:21awesome.
33:37:26Alhamdulillah.
33:37:55WhatsApp.
33:38:26money. Master the game.
33:38:38It's It's something amazing.
33:38:40Let one in five.
33:38:43>> One in five from the book Money by Tony
33:38:48Robbins.
33:38:50Salary
33:38:52savings
33:38:54delivery.
33:38:57Earn
33:38:59million
33:39:01large
33:39:03paycheck
33:39:0690.
33:39:08donate
33:39:10wealth.
33:39:13An old man of about 90
33:39:17had $70 million.
33:39:24Many people were surprised.
33:39:42Was he famous?
33:39:46No.
33:39:48Did he start a big company?
33:39:53No.
33:40:23Did the old man have $7 million.
33:40:38Yes.
33:40:42An old man of about 90
33:40:47had $70 million.
33:40:52Did he start a big company
33:40:56or not?
33:41:08[laughter] No, [gasps]
33:41:10he did not start a big company.
33:41:15How old was the man?
33:41:22He was about
33:41:2590.
33:41:28>> All right, back to the story.
33:41:31>> Did he earn a large salary?
33:41:36No,
33:41:38never.
33:41:41So, how did he do it?
33:41:58The story starts many years before when
33:42:03he was a young man.
33:42:18speaking.
33:42:21Did he earn a large salary?
33:42:32No,
33:42:34he never earned a large salary.
33:42:39Does the story start many years before
33:42:45or today?
33:42:53The story starts many years before.
33:42:59Who was he when the story starts?
33:43:07He was a young man.
33:43:16His name was Theodore Johnson.
33:43:21He got a job at a young delivery
33:43:24company.
33:43:39The company was called UPS.
33:43:44It carried boxes and letters for people.
33:44:08Did he get a job at a delivery company?
33:44:22Yes,
33:44:24he got a job at a young delivery
33:44:27company.
33:44:29Did the company carry boxes
33:44:33or food?
33:44:41It carried boxes and letters for people.
33:44:47What was the company called?
33:44:57The company was called
33:45:00UPS.
33:45:08>> He worked hard
33:45:10and over the years he became a manager
33:45:13there.
33:45:23Still, his pay was never high.
33:45:29He never earned more than $14,000
33:45:34a year.
33:45:53Let's jump into it.
33:45:55>> Did he earn more than $14,000
33:46:00a year?
33:46:10No,
33:46:12he never earned more than $14,000
33:46:16a year.
33:46:19Did he become a manager
33:46:23or a driver?
33:46:28He became a manager there.
33:46:32What did he do over the years?
33:46:43He worked hard and he became a manager.
33:46:53>> Read that number again.
33:46:56$14,000
33:46:59a year.
33:47:01And no more.
33:47:17So what did he do with his money?
33:47:22He had one simple rule.
33:47:44Did he have a rule for his money?
33:47:54Yes,
33:47:56he had one simple rule.
33:48:00Did he have one rule or many rules?
33:48:11He had one simple rule.
33:48:16How much did he earn a year?
33:48:27He earned $14,000
33:48:29a year and no more.
33:48:37Let's jump into the
33:48:41Let's keep it up.
33:48:44From every paycheck, he saved $1 out of
33:48:49every five.
33:49:00With it, he bought small parts of the
33:49:04company he worked for.
33:49:17Did he save from every paycheck?
33:49:30Yes.
33:49:32From every paycheck he saved $1 out of
33:49:37every five.
33:49:40Did he save $1 out of five
33:49:44or out of 10?
33:49:53He saved $1 out of every five.
33:49:59What did he buy with it?
33:50:08He bought small parts of the company he
33:50:12worked for.
33:50:20>> These small parts are called shares.
33:50:27He kept buying them.
33:50:44some months. It was hard to save.
33:50:48Did he stop?
33:50:52No,
33:50:54he's still saved.
33:51:18Did he stop
33:51:20when it was hard?
33:51:31No,
33:51:33he did not stop.
33:51:37He still saved.
33:51:41Did he sell his shares or keep buying
33:51:45them?
33:51:51He kept buying them.
33:51:55What are the small parts called?
33:52:06These small parts are called shares.
33:52:17He did this with every paycheck
33:52:21for many,
33:52:23many years.
33:52:37The delivery company grew and grew.
33:52:44Soon it was big and faint.
33:53:09Did he do this with every paycheck?
33:53:23Yes,
33:53:25he did this with every paycheck for many
33:53:30years.
33:53:32Did the delivery company grow or get
33:53:36small?
33:53:45The delivery company grew and grew.
33:53:51What did the company become?
33:54:02Soon it was big and famous.
33:54:09His
33:54:12shares grew with it.
33:54:17His small savings became large.
33:54:35He waited.
33:54:38He let time do the hard work.
33:54:52At about 90, those savings were worth
33:54:58$70 million.
33:55:16Let's jump into it.
33:55:18>> Did his small savings become large?
33:55:32Yes. His
33:55:35small savings became large.
33:55:40Did he wait or did he hurry?
33:55:52He waited.
33:55:54He let time do the hard work.
33:55:59At about 90,
33:56:01how much were his savings worth?
33:56:14At about 90, those savings were worth
33:56:19$70 million.
33:56:24Awesome.
33:56:29Did he keep all that wealth?
33:56:34No,
33:56:37he chose to donate much of it.
33:56:56He donated millions of dollars to help
33:57:00young people study.
33:57:13Now it's your turn. Answer the
33:57:15questions.
33:57:17>> Did he keep all that wealth?
33:57:29No,
33:57:32he chose to donate much of it.
33:57:37Did he donate to help young people
33:57:42or old people?
33:57:51He donated to help young people study.
33:57:58How much did he donate?
33:58:07He donated
33:58:09millions of dollars.
33:58:14Well done.
33:58:16coming.
33:58:18>> Many students went to college
33:58:21because of his giant rule.
33:58:34This story comes from Tony Robbins's
33:58:38book, Money,
33:58:42Master the Game.
33:59:00Did many students go to college because
33:59:05of him?
33:59:15Yes,
33:59:17many students went to college because of
33:59:21his quiet rule.
33:59:25Does this story come from a book or a
33:59:29class?
33:59:39It comes from Tony Robbins's book,
33:59:44Money,
33:59:46Master the Game.
33:59:49Where did many students go?
34:00:00Many students
34:00:02went to college.
34:00:05Fabulous. Let's keep it up.
34:00:08>> The secret was not a big salary.
34:00:14The secret
34:00:16was time.
34:00:30Save small. Start early and never stop.
34:00:39That was his whole plan.
34:01:05Was the secret a big salary?
34:01:18No,
34:01:21the secret was not a big salary.
34:01:27The secret was time.
34:01:31Was the secret time
34:01:35or money?
34:01:42The secret was time.
34:01:47What was his whole plan?
34:01:58Save small,
34:02:01start early,
34:02:03and never stop.
34:02:17It grows the same way, one small piece
34:02:21at a time.
34:02:38Save a few new words every day.
34:02:43Keep them.
34:02:46[clears throat] Use them.
34:03:04Is your English
34:03:08wealth too?
34:03:18Yes,
34:03:21your English is wealth, too.
34:03:25Does it grow fast
34:03:28or one small piece at a time?
34:03:40It grows one small piece
34:03:44at a time.
34:03:47What can you save every day?
34:03:57You can save a few new words
34:04:01every day. [clears throat]
34:04:04>> That's amazing.
34:04:06Hey, let's jump into
34:04:09>> remember the old man with $70 million.
34:04:22Did he start rich?
34:04:25No,
34:04:28he started small
34:04:31and he started
34:04:33early.
34:04:55Let's jump into it.
34:04:57Did the old man start rich?
34:05:08No,
34:05:10he did not start rich.
34:05:14Did he start big
34:05:17or small?
34:05:26He started small
34:05:30and he started early.
34:05:34When did he start?
34:05:40He started
34:05:42early.
34:05:50The grammar we practice today, past
34:05:54simple questions.
34:05:57Did he start a big company?
34:06:01Did he earn a large salary?
34:06:06So, how did he do it?
34:06:10So, what did he do with his money?
34:06:19Congratulations.
34:06:21You practiced 343
34:06:24words in this story and you learned a
34:06:26lot.
34:06:54Great job.
34:06:57Ultra learning.
34:07:04It means
34:07:07we
34:07:22alhamdulillah.
34:07:353,000
34:07:37faces.
34:07:38>> 3,000 faces from the book Ultra Learning
34:07:43by Scott H. Young
34:07:47speech
34:07:49hall
34:07:51speaker
34:07:53audience
34:07:56talent
34:07:58local
34:08:00championship
34:08:02feedback
34:08:04born
34:08:07sofa
34:08:10a huge hall
34:08:143,000 people are looking at one man
34:08:19on the stage.
34:08:36It was the final of the world's
34:08:40championship of public speaking.
34:09:05Are 3,000 people
34:09:08looking at one man?
34:09:20Yes.
34:09:223,000
34:09:24people are looking at one man on the
34:09:28stage.
34:09:30Is it a small room
34:09:33or a huge hall?
34:09:43It is
34:09:45a huge hall.
34:09:48What was
34:09:51the final?
34:10:02It was the final of the world
34:10:05championship of public speaking.
34:10:14>> The man was Tristan de Montibello.
34:10:20Seven months earlier
34:10:22he was not a speaker.
34:10:28His
34:10:41story starts in a small local speaking
34:10:45club.
34:10:46He had almost no experience.
34:11:08speaking skills
34:11:11>> 7 months earlier.
34:11:14Was he a speaker?
34:11:26No.
34:11:29Several months earlier, he was not a
34:11:33speaker.
34:11:35Did his story start in a big club
34:11:39or a small local club?
34:11:46His
34:11:52story starts
34:11:54in a small local speaking club.
34:12:00How much experience did he have?
34:12:10He had almost
34:12:13no experience.
34:12:20Many local members practiced for years.
34:12:27They usually gave only one speech a
34:12:30month.
34:12:46He decided to do something different.
34:12:50He decided to speak much more often.
34:13:11Did the local members
34:13:13usually give one speech a month?
34:13:26Yes,
34:13:28they usually gave only one speech a
34:13:33month.
34:13:35Did he decide to speak less often
34:13:40or more often?
34:13:49He decided to speak much more often.
34:13:55How long did many local members
34:13:58practice?
34:14:07Many local members
34:14:09practiced for years.
34:14:19He did not speak once a week.
34:14:23He spoke almost every day.
34:14:37He spoke at clubs, schools, and small
34:14:42groups.
34:14:51He sometimes stopped strangers on the
34:14:54street and asked them to listen.
34:15:16Did he speak
34:15:19once a week?
34:15:32No,
34:15:33he did not speak once a week.
34:15:37He spoke almost every day.
34:15:42Did he sometimes stop strangers or
34:15:47friends on the street?
34:15:57He sometimes stopped strangers on the
34:16:02street.
34:16:04Where did he speak?
34:16:15He spoke at clubs,
34:16:18schools,
34:16:20and small groups.
34:16:24>> Fabulous. Let's keep it up.
34:16:27>> You may think he was born with a special
34:16:30talent.
34:16:32He was not.
34:16:36He practiced.
34:16:54After each speech, he always asked
34:16:58people for feedback.
34:17:01He wanted honest answers.
34:17:21Great.
34:17:25>> Was he born with a special talent?
34:17:39No,
34:17:40he was not.
34:17:43He practiced.
34:17:47Did he always ask for feedback
34:17:51or never ask for feedback?
34:18:02He always asked people for feedback.
34:18:08What did he want after each speech?
34:18:19He wanted honest answers.
34:18:29He asked teachers,
34:18:32coaches,
34:18:34and good friends.
34:18:38Then he changed his speech again.
34:18:58He often learned his speeches by heart
34:19:02on a running machine.
34:19:19Let's jump into it.
34:19:21>> Did he change his speech
34:19:25again?
34:19:36Yes.
34:19:38Then he changed his speech again.
34:19:44Did he often learn his speeches on a
34:19:47sofa
34:19:49or on a running machine?
34:20:00He often learned his speeches by heart
34:20:04on a running machine.
34:20:08Who did he ask?
34:20:18He asked teachers,
34:20:20coaches,
34:20:22and good friends.
34:20:29>> His friend Michael became his coach.
34:20:34Near the end, Michael slept on his sofa.
34:20:53In 7 months he gave between 80 and 100
34:21:00speeches.
34:21:20Did Michael sleep
34:21:23on his sofa?
34:21:34Yes. [snorts]
34:21:37Near the end, Michael slept on his sofa.
34:21:43Did he give 10 speeches
34:21:47or between 80 and 100 speeches?
34:22:02In seven months
34:22:05he gave between 80 and 100 speeches
34:22:13who became his coach.
34:22:21His friend Michael became his coach.
34:22:32One piece of advice helped him a lot.
34:22:37Do not be the hero of your story.
34:22:57So he made the audience the heroes,
34:23:02not himself.
34:23:16Did one piece of advice help him?
34:23:29Yes.
34:23:32One piece of advice helped him a lot.
34:23:37Did he make himself the hero
34:23:41or the audience the heroes?
34:23:51He made the audience the heroes, not
34:23:55himself.
34:23:57What was the advice?
34:24:08Do not be the hero of your story.
34:24:14I'm super proud of you.
34:24:20>> Then he started to win.
34:24:25[applause] First in his club, then in
34:24:28bigger and bigger contests.
34:24:47Then came the championship,
34:24:50a huge hall and a camera for the whole
34:24:55world.
34:25:15Did he start to win?
34:25:26>> Yes.
34:25:28Then he started to win.
34:25:32Did he win first in his club
34:25:36or first in the championship.
34:25:49First in his club,
34:25:52then in bigger and bigger contests.
34:25:59What came after the bigger contests?
34:26:11Then came the championship,
34:26:15a huge hall and a camera for the whole
34:26:21world.
34:26:24>> Extraordinary. Let's keep it up.
34:26:28He did not win the final.
34:26:31He still stood before that audience
34:26:36after only seven months.
34:26:54Every speech taught him one small thing.
34:27:00He was not born a speaker.
34:27:05He became one.
34:27:12Awesome.
34:27:24Wait. Let's go.
34:27:27>> Did he win the final?
34:27:36No, [sighs and gasps] he did not win the
34:27:40final.
34:27:42Was he born a speaker
34:27:46or did he become one?
34:27:58He was not born a speaker. He became
34:28:04one.
34:28:06Where did he stand after only 7 months?
34:28:20He still stood before that audience
34:28:24after only seven months.
34:28:29>> That's amazing.
34:28:31Remember
34:28:33this,
34:28:37months of focused practice can put you
34:28:40on a world stage.
34:28:58not talent
34:29:00and not luck.
34:29:03Many real speeches and honest feedback
34:29:08after each one.
34:29:30Can focused practice put you on a world
34:29:35stage?
34:29:45Yes.
34:29:48Months of focused practice can put you
34:29:52on a world stage.
34:29:55Was it talent
34:29:58or many real speeches,
34:30:10not talent?
34:30:13Many real speeches and honest feedback
34:30:17after each one.
34:30:20What came after each speech?
34:30:24Honest
34:30:30feedback came after each speech.
34:30:40>> Speaking English works the same way.
34:30:46Never wait on the sofa until you feel
34:30:50ready.
34:31:05Speak to a friend, a teacher, a mirror,
34:31:10or your phone camera.
34:31:26Should you wait on the sofa until you
34:31:30feel ready?
34:31:41No.
34:31:43Never wait on the sofa until you feel
34:31:47ready.
34:31:49Can you speak to a mirror or only to a
34:31:53teacher?
34:32:03You can speak to a friend, a teacher, a
34:32:07mirror, or your phone camera.
34:32:12How does speaking English work
34:32:23speaking English
34:32:26works the same way.
34:32:30>> All right.
34:32:33this matter.
34:32:35>> Remember the huge hall
34:32:39and the 3,000 faces.
34:32:52His road began in a small club.
34:32:57Yours begins with one speech today.
34:33:21Let's jump into it.
34:33:23>> Did his road begin
34:33:26in a small club?
34:33:38Yes.
34:33:40His road began in a small club.
34:33:46Does your road begin with one speech or
34:33:50100 speeches?
34:34:00Yours begins with one speech today.
34:34:06What should you remember?
34:34:18Remember the huge hall
34:34:21and the 3,000 faces.
34:34:32The grammar we practice today, adverbs
34:34:35of frequency. They usually gave only one
34:34:38speech a month.
34:34:42He decided to speak much more often.
34:34:47He sometimes stopped strangers on the
34:34:50street and asked them to listen.
34:34:54After each speech, he always asked
34:34:56people for feedback.
34:35:05Congratulations.
34:35:07You practiced 351
34:35:09words in this story and you learned a
34:35:12lot.
34:35:14Awesome.
34:35:19Originals
34:35:33of car original.
34:35:48Tell them about the dream.
34:35:50>> Tell them about the dream from the book
34:35:54originals by Adam Grant.
34:35:58Text
34:36:00prepare
34:36:02front
34:36:04equal
34:36:06color
34:36:09character
34:36:11advisor
34:36:13supporter
34:36:16fully
34:36:18march.
34:36:20I have a dream.
34:36:25Four short words.
34:36:30Millions of people know them.
34:36:48Martin Luther King Jr.
34:36:52said them in Washington in 1963.
34:37:25Did King say these words
34:37:29in Washington?
34:37:39Yes.
34:37:42Martin Luther King Jr.
34:37:45said them in Washington in 1963.
34:37:52Are they four short words
34:37:56or four long words?
34:38:06They are
34:38:08four short words.
34:38:12How many people know these words?
34:38:21Millions of people know them.
34:38:32About 250,000
34:38:35people stood in front of him.
34:38:49They came to the march for equal rights
34:38:53for black Americans.
34:39:08thought.
34:39:09>> Did they come to a march?
34:39:22Yes.
34:39:24They came to the march for equal rights.
34:39:29Did people stand in front of him
34:39:34or behind him?
34:39:45About 250,000
34:39:49people stood in front of him.
34:39:53Why did they come to the march?
34:40:04They came for equal rights
34:40:08for black Americans.
34:40:12>> Fabulous. Let's keep it up.
34:40:15>> He prepared carefully.
34:40:18He was still writing the speech the
34:40:22night before.
34:40:35He had a clear text on paper.
34:40:39He wanted every word to be right.
34:41:01Did he prepare
34:41:03carefully?
34:41:13Yes,
34:41:15he prepared carefully.
34:41:19Did he have a clear text
34:41:23or no text?
34:41:32He had a clear text on paper.
34:41:37When was he still writing the speech?
34:41:49He was still writing the speech the
34:41:53night before.
34:42:00Here is the surprise.
34:42:03The dream words were not in that text.
34:42:22He used the dream idea in other
34:42:25speeches.
34:42:27An advisor told him to leave it out.
34:42:38Were
34:42:49the dream words
34:42:52in his text?
34:43:03No,
34:43:05the dream words were not in that text.
34:43:10Did a friend
34:43:12or an advisor tell him to leave it out?
34:43:23An advisor
34:43:26told him to leave it out.
34:43:31Where did he use the dream idea?
34:43:42He used the dream idea in other
34:43:46speeches.
34:43:54So on the big day
34:43:57he read calmly from his paper.
34:44:10The speech went well
34:44:13and the people listened politely.
34:44:17>> [applause]
34:44:19>> Something was still missing.
34:44:43Did he read calmly
34:44:46from his paper?
34:44:57Yes.
34:45:00On the big day,
34:45:02he read [clears throat] calmly from his
34:45:06paper.
34:45:08Did the people listen politely
34:45:13or leave?
34:45:20The people
34:45:22listened politely.
34:45:26How did the speech go?
34:45:38The speech went well.
34:45:43[gasps]
34:45:43Something was still missing.
34:45:47Awesome.
34:45:53Behind him sat Mahalia Jackson, an old
34:45:57supporter.
34:46:00She knew his dream idea.
34:46:18Near the end, his old supporter called
34:46:22out loudly,
34:46:24"Tell them about the dream, Martin.
34:46:49Did Mahalia Jackson sit behind him?
34:47:02Yes.
34:47:05Behind him sat Mahalia Jackson, an old
34:47:10supporter.
34:47:12Did his supporter call out quietly
34:47:18or loudly?
34:47:26And his old supporter called out loudly.
34:47:31What did she say?
34:47:42She said,
34:47:44"Tell them about the dream, Martin.
34:47:54>> Now stand where he stood.
34:47:59Thousands of people are watching you.
34:48:13Your paper is in front of you.
34:48:18Your advisor said no.
34:48:23The safe choice
34:48:25is to finish it.
34:48:48Is your paper
34:48:51in front of you?
34:49:02Yes,
34:49:04your paper is in front of you.
34:49:10Did your advisor say yes
34:49:14or no?
34:49:21Your advisor said no.
34:49:26What is the safe choice?
34:49:37The safe choice is to finish it.
34:49:46>> He pushed his paper to the side.
34:49:52He looked up at the people.
34:50:08Then he spoke freely with no text from
34:50:13his heart and memory.
34:50:26Great.
34:50:30Did he push his paper to the side?
34:50:45Yes.
34:50:47He pushed his paper to the side.
34:50:52Did he speak freely
34:50:56or read from his text?
34:51:08He spoke freely with no text from his
34:51:13heart and memory.
34:51:17Where did he look?
34:51:26He looked up at the people.
34:51:38>> I have a dream, he said.
34:51:42And then he said it again and again.
34:51:47[cheering]
34:51:58He spoke powerfully about his children.
34:52:04People would see their character, not
34:52:07their skin color.
34:52:11>> [applause]
34:52:25>> Now it's your turn. Answer the
34:52:28questions.
34:52:29>> Did he say it only once?
34:52:41No,
34:52:43he said it again and again.
34:52:48Did he speak powerfully
34:52:52or quietly about his children?
34:53:03He spoke powerfully
34:53:06about his children.
34:53:10What would people see?
34:53:17People
34:53:23would see their character,
34:53:26not their skin color.
34:53:34>> This was the dream of the march.
34:53:38Equal people
34:53:40seen for character,
34:53:43not color.
34:53:46>> [applause]
34:53:58>> These were not new words.
34:54:02He said words like these in many
34:54:05speeches.
34:54:24Was this the dream
34:54:28of the march?
34:54:39Yes.
34:54:41This was the dream of the march.
34:54:46Were these new words
34:54:50or old words.
34:55:02These were not new words.
34:55:07He said words like these in many
34:55:11speeches.
34:55:13What was the dream of the march?
34:55:26The dream was equal people seen for
34:55:30character, not color. Congratulations.
34:55:36Let's keep going.
34:55:38>> So he was fully ready.
34:55:43>> His practice gave him the words he
34:55:46needed.
34:55:59In originals,
34:56:01Adam Grant sees something more here.
34:56:12King never locked his plan.
34:56:17He left room to change it.
34:56:21Was
34:56:34he fully ready?
34:56:43Yes,
34:56:45he was fully ready.
34:56:49Did king lock his plan
34:56:53or leave room to change it?
34:57:02He left room
34:57:05to change it.
34:57:07What gave him the words?
34:57:17His practice gave him the words he
34:57:20needed.
34:57:23>> Well done.
34:57:27>> King's paper did its job.
34:57:32Prepare fully, then be ready to leave
34:57:36the page.
34:57:51English is the same.
34:57:54You prepare words.
34:57:57Then a teacher asks a new question.
34:58:17>> Awesome.
34:58:18Let's go.
34:58:21Did King's paper do its job?
34:58:32Yes,
34:58:35King's paper did its job.
34:58:40Should you prepare fully
34:58:43or not prepare?
34:58:55Prepare fully. Then be ready to leave
34:58:59the page.
34:59:02What happens after you prepare words?
34:59:13Then a teacher asks a new question.
34:59:19>> That's amazing.
34:59:22>> Let's jump into it and come back.
34:59:24>> If you practice many times, the words
34:59:28will come.
34:59:31You can leave the paper.
34:59:48So practice one answer today.
34:59:53Tomorrow
34:59:55say it again with no notes.
35:00:18Let's jump into it.
35:00:21>> Will the words come if you practice many
35:00:25times?
35:00:36Yes.
35:00:38If you practice many times, the words
35:00:43will come.
35:00:46Should you practice one answer
35:00:50or 10 answers today?
35:00:59Practice one answer today.
35:01:04What should you do tomorrow?
35:01:13Tomorrow. Say it again with no notes.
35:01:24The grammar we practice today, adverbs
35:01:28of manner, he prepared carefully.
35:01:34So on the big day, he read calmly from
35:01:37his paper.
35:01:40The speech went well and the people
35:01:42listened politely.
35:01:46Near the end, his old supporter called
35:01:48out loudly,
35:01:56"Congratulations!
35:01:58You practiced 347
35:02:01words in this story and you learned a
35:02:04lot."
35:02:07That's amazing. Awesome.
35:02:12Amazing.
35:02:31The miracle morning.
35:02:41The first service
35:03:15forever.
35:03:46No, it's not true.
35:03:50Can't change it.
35:03:52>> Can't change it. From the book The
35:03:55Miracle Morning by Hal Elrod.
35:03:59Driver.
35:04:01Nurse.
35:04:03Upset.
35:04:06Heart.
35:04:08Dead.
35:04:10Yesterday.
35:04:12Fact.
35:04:14Injury.
35:04:17Recover.
35:04:19Attitude.
35:04:22It is a cold night in December.
35:04:27A young man is driving home.
35:04:40His name is Hal Lrod.
35:04:46He is only 20 years old.
35:05:01Awesome.
35:05:06Okay, let's go.
35:05:09>> Is it a warm night?
35:05:20No,
35:05:22it is a cold night in December.
35:05:28Is he [snorts] 20
35:05:30or 50 years old?
35:05:38He is only 20 years old.
35:05:43Where is the young man driving?
35:05:54A young man is driving
35:05:57home.
35:06:00>> Fabulous. Let's keep it up.
35:06:04>> Tonight he gave a talk to a big room of
35:06:07salespeople.
35:06:10He feels happy.
35:06:24His friend sits next to him.
35:06:28The road is dark
35:06:31and quiet.
35:06:48Does he feel happy tonight?
35:06:59Yes,
35:07:02he feels
35:07:04happy.
35:07:07Is the road dark or bright?
35:07:18The road is dark
35:07:21and quiet.
35:07:23Who sits next to him?
35:07:31>> His friend sits next to him.
35:07:40>> Then lights come toward them.
35:07:44Another car is on their side of the
35:07:47road.
35:07:59crash.
35:08:01The other car hits his car head on very
35:08:06fast.
35:08:26Is another car on their side of the
35:08:29road?
35:08:40Yes,
35:08:42another car is on their side of the
35:08:46road.
35:08:48Does the other car hit his car slowly
35:08:54or very fast?
35:09:05The other car hits his car head on very
35:09:10fast.
35:09:12What comes toward them?
35:09:20Lights come toward them.
35:09:24[clears throat]
35:09:26I guess
35:09:27>> the other driver made a terrible choice.
35:09:34>> Howal pays for it.
35:09:49Hal's heart stops
35:09:54for six minutes.
35:09:56He is dead.
35:10:16Does Hal's heart stop?
35:10:28Yes. [gasps]
35:10:30Hal's heart stops.
35:10:35Did the other driver make a good choice
35:10:39or a terrible choice?
35:10:48The other driver made a terrible choice.
35:10:54How long is he dead?
35:11:01For 6 minutes
35:11:04he is dead.
35:11:07>> All right, back to the story.
35:11:10>> Doctors bring him back.
35:11:14Then he lies in a deep sleep for days.
35:11:32He has 11 broken bones.
35:11:37His brain has an injury, too.
35:11:59Does his brain have an injury?
35:12:10Yes. His
35:12:14brain has an injury, too.
35:12:18Does he have 11 broken bones
35:12:22or two?
35:12:29He has 11 broken bones.
35:12:34Who brings him back?
35:12:42Doctors bring him back.
35:12:52His family waits by his bed with heavy
35:12:56hearts.
35:12:59Nobody knows what will happen.
35:13:14When he wakes up,
35:13:17the doctors explain his injury.
35:13:32temp.
35:13:33>> Does anybody know what will happen?
35:13:45No,
35:13:48nobody knows what will happen.
35:13:52Does his family wait with heavy hearts
35:13:56or happy hearts?
35:14:00His
35:14:07family waits by his bed with heavy
35:14:11hearts.
35:14:14What do the doctors explain when he
35:14:16wakes up?
35:14:24The doctors explain his injury.
35:14:34He may never walk again.
35:14:40Will he recover?
35:14:44His family watches his face.
35:15:02Many people would cry or shout or ask
35:15:06why this happened.
35:15:21Is it sure he will walk again?
35:15:32No,
35:15:34he may never walk again.
35:15:39Does his family watch his face
35:15:42or his hands?
35:15:46His
35:15:49family watches his face.
35:15:53What would many people do?
35:16:04Many people would cry or shout or ask
35:16:08why this happened.
35:16:16Hal remembers a rule
35:16:19from his manager at his first sales job.
35:16:34When something bad happens,
35:16:37you can be upset for five minutes only.
35:16:55speaking.
35:17:00Can you be upset for five minutes?
35:17:13Yes,
35:17:16you can be upset for five minutes only.
35:17:22Is the rule from his manager
35:17:25or from his teacher?
35:17:35The rule is from his manager at his
35:17:39first sales job.
35:17:43What does Hal remember?
35:17:51Hal remembers a rule from his manager.
35:17:56>> Well done.
35:18:00Then you say
35:18:02can't change it
35:18:05and you move forward.
35:18:19So he looks at the facts.
35:18:24He cannot change the crash.
35:18:37He tells his family he will be happy
35:18:42walking or not.
35:18:59speaking skills.
35:19:01>> Will he be happy walking or not?
35:19:15Yes.
35:19:17He tells his family he will be happy
35:19:22walking or not.
35:19:25Can he change the crash
35:19:29or can he not change it?
35:19:38He cannot change the crash.
35:19:43What does he look at?
35:19:50He looks at the facts.
35:19:58He will not stay upset.
35:20:05He smiles at the nurses
35:20:08and his attitude surprises them.
35:20:26The nurse's help with every exercise.
35:20:32He works hard at each one.
35:20:41Awesome.
35:20:49Wait, let's go.
35:20:52>> Will he stay upset?
35:21:02No,
35:21:04he will not stay upset.
35:21:08Does he smile at the nurses or shout at
35:21:13them?
35:21:18He smiles at the nurses.
35:21:22What surprises the nurses?
35:21:32His attitude surprises them.
35:21:42Just weeks later, the man who was dead
35:21:47takes slow steps again.
35:22:03Step by step he recovers. Years
35:22:08later, he even runs a very long race.
35:22:34Does he recover step by step?
35:22:46Yes.
35:22:48Step by step he recovers.
35:22:53Does he take slow steps weeks later
35:22:58or years later?
35:23:09Just weeks later, he takes slow steps
35:23:14again.
35:23:16What does he run years later?
35:23:26He runs a very long race.
35:23:32I'm super proud of you.
35:23:37>> The crash was the other driver's choice.
35:23:43His attitude was his own choice.
35:23:53His
35:24:01rule is simple.
35:24:04Accept what happened,
35:24:07then choose your next step.
35:24:28Was the crash his choice?
35:24:40No,
35:24:42the crash was the other driver's choice.
35:24:48Was his attitude his own choice or the
35:24:53doctor's choice?
35:25:01His attitude was his own choice.
35:25:07What is his rule?
35:25:18His rule is simple.
35:25:23Accept what happened, then choose your
35:25:28next step.
35:25:33Let's jump into the
35:25:38Let's keep it up.
35:25:40>> Think about your hard days.
35:25:44A low score or a failed exam.
35:25:59You cannot change yesterday's score.
35:26:05You can feel sad for a short time.
35:26:28Can you change yesterday's score?
35:26:40No,
35:26:44you cannot change yesterday's score.
35:26:49Can you feel sad for a short time
35:26:53or for years?
35:27:02You can feel sad for a short time.
35:27:08Which hard days should you think about?
35:27:19Think about a low score or a failed
35:27:23exam.
35:27:25>> Congratulations for
35:27:31then stop looking back.
35:27:37Yesterday's score is a fact.
35:27:43It won't be the end of your story.
35:28:02Say can't change it and open your book.
35:28:10Take your next step today.
35:28:34Let's jump into it.
35:28:37>> Will yesterday's score be the end of
35:28:40your story?
35:28:49No,
35:28:51it won't be the end of your story.
35:28:56Is yesterday's score a fact or a dream?
35:29:08Yesterday's score is a fact.
35:29:13What should you take today?
35:29:21Take your next step today.
35:29:32The grammar we practice today will
35:29:36won't. Nobody knows what will happen.
35:29:42Will he recover?
35:29:45He tells his family he will be happy
35:29:48walking or not.
35:29:52He will not stay upset.
35:30:01Congratulations.
35:30:03You practiced 355
35:30:06words in this story and you learned a
35:30:08lot.
35:30:29It's all working.
35:30:35foreign.
35:31:24native speakers.
35:31:41Foreign
35:32:01speech. Foreign speech. Foreign speech.
35:32:06foreignch.
35:32:36for
35:33:02English.
35:33:17[clears throat]
35:33:27Awesome.
35:33:50It's something amazing. It's something
35:33:52totally crazy.
35:33:57for
35:34:02the power of habit.
35:34:15The pen in the dark. The pen in the dark
35:34:20from the book The Power of Habit by
35:34:23Charles Duhig.
35:34:25Desert
35:34:27pen
35:34:30marathon.
35:34:32O
35:34:34silly
35:34:36block
35:34:38podcast
35:34:40smell
35:34:42diet
35:34:44routine.
35:34:47She was fit
35:34:50and calm
35:34:53with a healthy diet.
35:34:57She had a good job and a house.
35:35:17She ran long races.
35:35:22She even ran
35:35:25a marathon.
35:35:27[cheering]
35:35:52Did she have a healthy diet?
35:36:04Yes,
35:36:06she was fit and calm with a healthy
35:36:11diet.
35:36:13Did she run a marathon
35:36:17or a short race?
35:36:24She even ran a marathon.
35:36:30What did she have?
35:36:38She had a good job
35:36:41and a house.
35:36:45>> Congratulations. Let's keep going.
35:36:49>> Scientists wanted to study her brain.
35:36:55Her life was so different now.
35:37:12Her name was Lisa Allen.
35:37:19Years before
35:37:21her life was very different.
35:37:45Did scientists want to study her brain?
35:37:58Yes,
35:38:00scientists wanted to study her brain
35:38:06years before. Was her life the same or
35:38:11very different?
35:38:21years before
35:38:23her life was very different.
35:38:27What was her name?
35:38:36Her name
35:38:38was Lisa Allen.
35:38:47She smoked every day.
35:38:51She owed money and could not pay what
35:38:55she owed.
35:39:10She could not keep a job for long.
35:39:15Then her marriage ends.
35:39:38Did she owe money?
35:39:49>> Yes,
35:39:51she owed money and could not pay what
35:39:55she owed.
35:39:57Could she keep a job for long?
35:40:02or not.
35:40:09She could not keep a job for long.
35:40:14What happened to her marriage?
35:40:22Her marriage
35:40:24ended.
35:40:27Extraordinary. Let's keep it up.
35:40:30She felt lost.
35:40:35So she took a trip to Cairo
35:40:39in Egypt.
35:40:54On her first morning,
35:40:57she woke up in a dark hotel room.
35:41:12>> Great.
35:41:16Did you take a trip to Cairo?
35:41:27Yes,
35:41:30she took a trip to Cairo in Egypt.
35:41:35Did she wake up in a dark room
35:41:40or a bright room?
35:41:49She woke up in a dark hotel room.
35:41:54How did she feel?
35:42:02She felt
35:42:04lost.
35:42:14Let's keep it up.
35:42:16She wanted a cigarette and reached for
35:42:19one in the dark.
35:42:30Then she smelled something strange.
35:42:36It smelled like burning plastic.
35:42:59job.
35:43:02>> Did she smell something strange?
35:43:14Yes,
35:43:15she smelled something strange.
35:43:20Did it smell like
35:43:23flowers
35:43:25or burning plastic?
35:43:36It smelled like
35:43:40burning plastic.
35:43:44What did she want in the dark?
35:43:56She wanted a cigarette
35:43:59and reached for one in the dark.
35:44:10>> She was lighting a pen,
35:44:13not a cigarette.
35:44:18She sat down
35:44:20and cried.
35:44:36Maybe it was a small silly moment
35:44:43for her. It was not silly.
35:44:48It was a turning point.
35:45:10Was she lighting a cigarette?
35:45:22No,
35:45:24she was lighting a pen, not a cigarette
35:45:30for her. Was it a silly moment
35:45:35or a turning point?
35:45:46For her
35:45:48it was not silly.
35:45:53It was a turning point.
35:45:57What did she do then?
35:46:06She sat down
35:46:09and cried.
35:46:15>> She decided to find one goal.
35:46:23She would come back
35:46:26and cross the desert.
35:46:44She planned to do it within one year.
35:47:06Did she decide to stay in Cairo?
35:47:20No,
35:47:22she decided to find one goal.
35:47:27Did she plan to do it within 1 year
35:47:32or 10 years?
35:47:42She planned to do it within one year.
35:47:48What did she decide to cross?
35:47:59She decided to cross
35:48:02the desert.
35:48:07That's great.
35:48:10>> For a hard desert trip, she needed to
35:48:14stop smoking.
35:48:18So she did.
35:48:35That one change started other changes.
35:48:41First she started to run.
35:49:03Did she need to stop smoking?
35:49:16Yes.
35:49:18For a hard desert trip, she needed to
35:49:22stop smoking.
35:49:25Did she start to run
35:49:28or to swim?
35:49:35She started to run.
35:49:39What did that one change?
35:49:42Start
35:49:51that one change started other changes.
35:50:03Running changed her diet.
35:50:07She ate better and slept better.
35:50:22She saved money.
35:50:25She kept her job and worked harder.
35:50:40She learned to plan her days, then her
35:50:45future.
35:50:59Did running change her diet?
35:51:10Yes,
35:51:13running changed her diet.
35:51:17Did she learn to plan her days
35:51:22or to forget them?
35:51:32She learned to plan her days, then her
35:51:38future.
35:51:40What did she do with money?
35:51:47She saved money.
35:51:51>> That's amazing.
35:51:55Experts call this a keystone habit.
35:52:01It pulls other habits with it.
35:52:18Think of a line of small blocks.
35:52:22Push the first and the others fall.
35:52:40Awesome.
35:52:46Do experts call this a keystone habit?
35:53:00Yes.
35:53:02Experts call this a keystone habit.
35:53:09Do you push the first block
35:53:13or the last block?
35:53:23Push the first
35:53:26and the others fall.
35:53:30What does a keystone habit pull?
35:53:40It pulls other habits with it.
35:53:49>> She did not push every block at once.
35:53:54She pushed the first
35:54:09Lisa learned it in Cairo. Change one
35:54:13habit and others follow.
35:54:31Let's jump into it.
35:54:34>> Did she push every block at once?
35:54:48No,
35:54:51she did not push every block at once.
35:54:56She pushed the first
35:55:00Did Lisa learn it in Cairo
35:55:05or at home?
35:55:12Lisa learned it
35:55:15in Cairo.
35:55:18What did Lisa learn?
35:55:28Change one habit and others follow.
35:55:40>> Try it with your English.
35:55:44Do not try to fix everything at once.
35:55:59Choose one habit.
35:56:04Maybe 10 new words a day or one English
35:56:10podcast.
35:56:31Should you try to fix everything at
35:56:35once?
35:56:44No.
35:56:46Do not try to fix everything at once.
35:56:52Do you choose one habit
35:56:56or 10 habits?
35:57:07Choose
35:57:08one habit.
35:57:13Maybe one English podcast.
35:57:18How many new words a day?
35:57:28Maybe 10 new words a day.
35:57:38>> Keep it in your daily routine
35:57:42and watch what starts
35:57:45to move.
35:57:59Go back to the start.
35:58:03The marathon. The good job. The house.
35:58:22Do you keep it in your daily routine?
35:58:35Yes.
35:58:38Keep it in your daily routine
35:58:42and watch what starts to move.
35:58:46Do you go back to the start
35:58:50or to the end?
35:59:01Go back to the start.
35:59:06The marathon,
35:59:08the good job, the house.
35:59:13What do you watch?
35:59:21Watch what starts to move.
35:59:27>> All right.
35:59:32>> It all began with a burning pen
35:59:37in a dark room.
35:59:50Your English can start like that. One
35:59:55podcast
35:59:56in your morning routine.
36:00:12Final round.
36:00:18Did it all begin
36:00:20with a burning pen?
36:00:32Yes.
36:00:35It all began with a burning pen
36:00:39in a dark room.
36:00:42Was the room dark
36:00:46or bright?
36:00:53It was a dark room.
36:00:58How can your English start?
36:01:10Your English can start like that.
36:01:15One podcast
36:01:17in your morning routine.
36:01:27The grammar we practice today, verb plus
36:01:31to plus verb. She decided to find one
36:01:36goal.
36:01:39She planned to do it within one year.
36:01:44For a hard desert trip, she needed to
36:01:47stop smoking.
36:01:51First she started to run.
36:02:00Congratulations.
36:02:02You practiced 349 words in this story
36:02:05and you learned a lot.
36:02:40This is amazing.
36:02:44>> [laughter]
36:02:44>> So good. They can't ignore you.
36:03:13The passion came later.
36:03:16>> The passion came later from the book so
36:03:19good they can't ignore you by Cal
36:03:21Newport.
36:03:24Passion,
36:03:26skill,
36:03:28technology,
36:03:30interested,
36:03:33history,
36:03:35complete,
36:03:38search,
36:03:40love,
36:03:42follow,
36:03:44graduate.
36:03:47Many people love this story.
36:03:53A young man loved computers,
36:03:57so he built Apple.
36:04:15The young man was Steve Jobs.
36:04:20People
36:04:21share his story again and again.
36:04:54In this story,
36:04:56did the young man love computers?
36:05:09Yes.
36:05:12A young man loved computers.
36:05:16So he built Apple.
36:05:19Do people share his story once
36:05:25or again and again?
36:05:36People share his story again and again.
36:05:43Who was the young man?
36:05:53>> The young man was Steve Jobs.
36:06:01>> All right, back to the story.
36:06:04In 2005,
36:06:06he spoke to new graduates at Stanford
36:06:10University.
36:06:13[applause]
36:06:22He told them, "You've got to find what
36:06:27you love.
36:06:30[applause] Awesome.
36:06:40Let's go.
36:06:43>> Did he tell them to find what they love?
36:06:57Yes.
36:06:59He told them, "You've got to find what
36:07:04you love."
36:07:06Did he speak to new graduates
36:07:11or to old teachers?
36:07:20He spoke to new graduates.
36:07:25When did he speak at Stanford?
36:07:37In 2005,
36:07:40he spoke to new graduates at Stanford
36:07:44University.
36:07:52>> It is a beautiful idea.
36:07:57Find your passion first and success will
36:08:02follow.
36:08:17So many young graduates wait.
36:08:22They search for years to find this
36:08:26passion.
36:08:50Is it a beautiful idea?
36:09:01Yes,
36:09:02it is a beautiful idea.
36:09:07Do young graduates search for days
36:09:12or for years?
36:09:21They search for years to find this
36:09:25passion.
36:09:28What does the idea tell you?
36:09:39Find your passion first
36:09:43and success will follow.
36:09:56or useful.
36:10:05When Jobs was young, he was not very
36:10:10interested in technology.
36:10:22He left college early.
36:10:26For a while he studied history and
36:10:30calligraphy.
36:10:44>> Great.
36:10:48When Jobs was young,
36:10:52was he very interested in
36:10:56technology?
36:11:07No.
36:11:10When Jobs was young, he was not very
36:11:15interested in technology.
36:11:19Did he study history
36:11:23or computers
36:11:33for a while? He studied history
36:11:38and calligraphy.
36:11:41When did he leave college?
36:11:48He left college early.
36:11:54>> Congratulations. Let's keep going.
36:11:57>> He was more interested in spiritual
36:12:00ideas from Asia than in machines.
36:12:14He spent time living on a farm with
36:12:17other young people.
36:12:30>> Did he spend time on a farm?
36:12:43Yes,
36:12:45he spent time living on a farm with
36:12:49other young people.
36:12:52Was he more interested in
36:12:55ideas
36:12:57or in machines?
36:13:08He was more interested in spiritual
36:13:12ideas from Asia
36:13:15than in machines.
36:13:18Who did he live with on the farm?
36:13:28He lived on a farm with other young
36:13:32people.
36:13:38>> Then he worked at a technology company
36:13:43just to earn money.
36:13:57Even months before Apple, he was
36:14:01searching for meaning, not computers.
36:14:11His
36:14:17friend Steve Wniaak
36:14:20was the real computer lover.
36:14:35Let's jump into it.
36:14:38Did he work at a technology company to
36:14:42earn money?
36:14:53Yes,
36:14:55he worked at a technology company just
36:15:00to earn money.
36:15:03Was he searching for meaning?
36:15:07or for computers.
36:15:17He was searching for meaning, not
36:15:21computers.
36:15:23Who was the real computer lover?
36:15:31His
36:15:36friend Steve Wniaak was the real
36:15:40computer lover.
36:15:44>> Fabulous. Let's keep it up.
36:15:47>> When was built aboard,
36:15:50Jobs saw a chance to make money.
36:16:05It was a small side business.
36:16:09They planned to sell boards to hobby
36:16:13builders.
36:16:28speaking.
36:16:34When wasak built a board, did Job see a
36:16:41chance?
36:16:51Yes. [laughter and snorts]
36:16:54When Wnjak built a board, Job saw a
36:16:58chance to make money.
36:17:01Was it a large company
36:17:04or a small side business?
36:17:13It was a small side business.
36:17:19What did they plan to sell?
36:17:28They plan to sell boards to hobby
36:17:32builders.
36:17:40>> When a local shop owner asked for 50
36:17:45complete computers,
36:17:48everything changed.
36:18:05This was much bigger than their plan.
36:18:10So they worked hard to build them.
36:18:33Did a shop owner ask for 50 complete
36:18:37computers?
36:18:47Yes.
36:18:50A local shop owner asked for 50 complete
36:18:54computers.
36:18:57Was this bigger
36:19:00or smaller than their plan?
36:19:08This was much bigger than their plan.
36:19:13What happened when the shop owner asked
36:19:27when a local shop owner asked for 50
36:19:30complete computers?
36:19:34Everything changed.
36:19:42When the business began to grow, jobs
36:19:46got better and better.
36:19:59His great love for the work grew as his
36:20:03skill grew.
36:20:20When the business began to grow, did
36:20:24jobs get better?
36:20:35Yes.
36:20:37When the business began to grow, jobs
36:20:41got better and better.
36:20:44Did his love grow
36:20:48or stay small?
36:20:58His great love for the work grew
36:21:03as his skill grew.
36:21:06What grew
36:21:08as his skill grew.
36:21:20His great love for the work grew
36:21:24as his skill grew.
36:21:32Cal Newport tells this story in So Good
36:21:37They Can't Ignore You.
36:21:49He says Jobs did not follow a passion.
36:21:55His passion followed his work.
36:22:19Did jobs follow a passion?
36:22:32No,
36:22:33he says Jobs did not follow a passion.
36:22:40Did his passion follow his work
36:22:45or his work follow his passion?
36:22:51His
36:22:55passion followed his work.
36:23:00Who tells this story.
36:23:12Cal Newport tells this story
36:23:16in So Good They Can't Ignore You.
36:23:20[clears throat]
36:23:27>> So, turn the old advice around.
36:23:32Passion often follows skill.
36:23:49When you get good at something, people
36:23:53value you.
36:23:56Then you love it.
36:24:16Does passion often follow skill?
36:24:28Yes.
36:24:30Passion often follows skill.
36:24:36When you get good at something,
36:24:39do people value you or forget you.
36:24:51When you get good at something, people
36:24:55value you.
36:24:57What should you turn around?
36:25:06Turn the old advice around.
36:25:13That's great.
36:25:17>> Many learners wait to love English
36:25:22before they study it seriously.
36:25:35The love often comes later.
36:25:40It comes when you understand your first
36:25:44complete English book.
36:26:06speaking skills.
36:26:09>> Do many learners wait to love English?
36:26:22Yes,
36:26:25many learners wait to love English
36:26:29before they study it seriously.
36:26:33Does the love come first
36:26:36or later?
36:26:44The love often comes later.
36:26:49When does the love come?
36:27:01It comes when you understand your first
36:27:05complete English book.
36:27:10That's amazing.
36:27:13Let's jump into
36:27:16So, do not ask about your passion.
36:27:22Ask, "What can I get good at?
36:27:39Then give that skill your time
36:27:43and let the love come later.
36:27:57Final round.
36:28:03Should you ask about your passion?
36:28:14No,
36:28:16do not ask about your passion.
36:28:20Do you give your time to the skill
36:28:25or to the passion?
36:28:37Give that skill your time
36:28:41and let the love come later.
36:28:45What should you ask?
36:28:54Ask
36:28:56what can I get good at?
36:29:07The grammar we practice today. When when
36:29:11Jobs was young, he was not very
36:29:13interested in technology.
36:29:16When Wnjak built a board, Jobs saw a
36:29:20chance to make money.
36:29:23When a local shop owner asked for 50
36:29:26complete computers, everything changed.
36:29:32When the business began to grow, jobs
36:29:34got better and better.
36:29:43Congratulations.
36:29:45You practiced 332
36:29:48words in this story and you learned a
36:29:51lot.
36:29:55Congratulations.
36:29:57Awesome.
36:30:27Deep work.
36:30:32Deep work.
36:30:49Yummy.
36:31:18Answer.
36:31:22The hotel room.
36:31:25>> The hotel room from the book Deep Work
36:31:29by Cal Newport.
36:31:32Library.
36:31:34Dog.
36:31:36Compare.
36:31:39Sweet.
36:31:41Statue.
36:31:43Cafe.
36:31:45Bench.
36:31:48Grand
36:31:50gesture
36:31:52distraction.
36:31:55A writer had a problem.
36:31:59She could not finish her book at home.
36:32:16It was not just any book.
36:32:19It was the last Harry Potter book.
36:32:37Could
36:32:44[clears throat]
36:32:47she finish her book at home?
36:32:58>> No,
36:33:00she could not finish her book at home.
36:33:06Was it the first Harry Potter book
36:33:11or the last?
36:33:19It was the last Harry Potter book
36:33:26who had a problem.
36:33:34A writer had a problem.
36:33:44Millions of readers around the world
36:33:48were waiting for it.
36:33:59The writer was JK
36:34:02Rowling.
36:34:04She lived in Edinburgh in Scotland.
36:34:24speaking.
36:34:27Were millions of readers waiting for it.
36:34:40Yes.
36:34:42[snorts]
36:34:43Millions of readers around the world
36:34:46were waiting for it.
36:34:50Did she live in Edinburgh
36:34:53or in London?
36:35:00She lived in Edinburgh in Scotland.
36:35:06Who was the writer?
36:35:16The writer was
36:35:18JK
36:35:21Rowling.
36:35:24>> I'm super proud of you.
36:35:29>> Her home was [gasps] busy.
36:35:33Her children were there and the dogs
36:35:37were noisy.
36:35:53One day a man came to clean the windows.
36:36:00Every noise was a distraction.
36:36:21Let's jump into it.
36:36:24>> Were the dogs noisy?
36:36:36Yes,
36:36:38her children were there and the dogs
36:36:41were noisy.
36:36:44Was every noise a help
36:36:48or a distraction?
36:36:57Every noise was a distraction.
36:37:02who came to clean the windows.
36:37:12One day, a man came to clean the
36:37:16windows.
36:37:23>> There were too many distractions,
36:37:26so she could not think.
36:37:37The book was important,
36:37:40so she had to finish it.
36:37:50What would you do in her place in that
36:37:54noisy house?
36:38:08speaking skills
36:38:11>> with too many distractions.
36:38:15Could she
36:38:17think?
36:38:27No,
36:38:28no,
36:38:30>> there were too many distractions,
36:38:34so she could not think.
36:38:38Was her house quiet
36:38:42or noisy?
36:38:48It was a noisy house.
36:38:53Why did she have to finish it?
36:39:05The book was important,
36:39:09so she had to finish it.
36:39:13>> Extraordinary. Let's keep it up.
36:39:18Maybe you would wake up earlier or ask
36:39:21your family for quiet.
36:39:33Rolling did something strange.
36:39:38She left her home to write.
36:39:54She went to the Bal Marl, a famous hotel
36:39:58in her city.
36:40:12Did Rowling leave her home to write?
36:40:26Yes,
36:40:28she left her home to write.
36:40:34Did she go to a famous hotel
36:40:38or a small cafe?
36:40:50She went to the Bal Marl, a famous hotel
36:40:55in her city.
36:40:58What did Rowling do?
36:41:08Rolling did something
36:41:11strange.
36:41:17She took a beautiful suite there.
36:41:22It cost a lot of money.
36:41:35Her house was not far away.
36:41:39So why pay for a hotel room?
36:41:57Did she take a sweet there?
36:42:10Yes,
36:42:12she took a beautiful suite there.
36:42:17Was her house far away
36:42:22or not far away?
36:42:30Her house was not far away.
36:42:36How much did it cost?
36:42:43It cost a lot of money.
36:42:51>> Compare the two places.
36:42:55The suite had no dogs
36:42:59and no window cleaner.
36:43:17It was quiet,
36:43:20so the work began to move again.
36:43:41Did the sweet have dogs?
36:43:54No.
36:43:56The suite had no dogs
36:44:01and no window cleaner.
36:44:05Was the suite quiet
36:44:09or noisy?
36:44:19It was quiet.
36:44:21So the work began to move again.
36:44:26What should you compare?
36:44:36Compare
36:44:38the two places.
36:44:47>> The first day went well,
36:44:51so she kept going back.
36:45:02In January 2007,
36:45:05she finished the last book in that room.
36:45:22Awesome.
36:45:26Did the first day go well?
36:45:38Yes.
36:45:40The first day went well.
36:45:44So she kept going back.
36:45:48Did she stop
36:45:50or keep going back?
36:45:58She kept going back.
36:46:02When did she finish the last book.
36:46:15In January
36:46:172007,
36:46:20she finished the last book in that room.
36:46:32Before she left, she wrote a few words
36:46:36on a statue there.
36:46:47The words on the statue said,
36:46:51"She finished the book there.
36:47:05Awesome.
36:47:12Did she write on a statue?
36:47:24Yes.
36:47:27She wrote a few words on a statue there.
36:47:32Did she write before she left
36:47:37or after she left?
36:47:48Before she left, she wrote a few words
36:47:53on a statue.
36:47:56What did the words on the statue say?
36:48:09The words on the statue said
36:48:12she finished the book there.
36:48:17>> Well done.
36:48:21The book Deep Work by Cal Newport
36:48:27tells this story.
36:48:39Newport calls this a grand gesture,
36:48:45a big change for important work.
36:49:10Does deep work tell this story?
36:49:23Yes,
36:49:25the book Deep Work by Cal Newport tells
36:49:30this story.
36:49:33Is it a grand gesture
36:49:36or a small habit?
36:49:46Newport calls this a grand gesture.
36:49:52What is a grand gesture?
36:50:05A grand gesture is a big change for
36:50:10important work.
36:50:17The hotel was not magic.
36:50:21The change itself
36:50:23was the message.
36:50:36The price was high.
36:50:40So the work felt important.
36:50:52A grand gesture tells your mind this
36:50:57matters.
36:51:13Was the hotel magic?
36:51:23No,
36:51:25the hotel was not magic.
36:51:29Was the price high
36:51:32or low?
36:51:42The price was high, so the work felt
36:51:47important.
36:51:49What does a grand gesture tell your
36:51:52mind?
36:52:03A grand gesture tells your mind
36:52:08this matters.
36:52:21A library, a cafe, or a bench can work.
36:52:43Try a small test this week.
36:52:47Pick one new place only for English.
36:53:11Do you need a famous hotel?
36:53:21No,
36:53:23you do not need a famous hotel.
36:53:27Can a library work or only a hotel?
36:53:42A library, a cafe, or a bench can work.
36:53:50What should you try this week?
36:53:58Try a small test this week.
36:54:11Maybe a quiet library,
36:54:13a small cafe,
36:54:16or a park bench.
36:54:27Your phone is a big distraction,
36:54:32so keep it in your bag.
36:54:44After one week, compare it with your old
36:54:48desk.
36:54:52Keep the better place.
36:55:08Final round.
36:55:14>> Is your phone a big distraction?
36:55:28Yes,
36:55:30your phone is a big distraction,
36:55:36so keep it in your bag.
36:55:40Do you keep the better place
36:55:44or the old desk?
36:55:51Keep the better place.
36:55:55What do you compare after one week?
36:56:07After one week, compare it with your old
36:56:11desk.
36:56:19the grammar we practiced today. So there
36:56:23were too many distractions so she could
36:56:25not think.
36:56:28The book was important so she had to
36:56:31finish it.
36:56:34It was quiet so the work began to move
36:56:37again.
36:56:40The first day went well so she kept
36:56:43going back.
36:56:50Congratulations.
36:56:52You practice 346
36:56:55words in this story and you learned a
36:56:58lot.
36:57:21That's amazing. That's That's such a
36:57:23beautiful opportunity.
36:57:28Awesome. That's super amazing. Now we're
36:57:30starting a new level.
36:57:37Awesome.
36:57:43Crushing it.
36:58:08brand
36:58:14person.
36:58:19Foreign
36:58:34speech. Foreign speech. Foreign speech.
36:58:50>> [clears throat]
36:58:58>> The notes he almost forgot.
36:59:03>> The notes he almost forgot from the book
36:59:06Crushing It by Gary Vaynerchuk.
36:59:10Architecture
36:59:13electronic
36:59:15openly
36:59:18surprising
36:59:20study guide
36:59:22study note
36:59:25online business
36:59:28publish
36:59:30download
36:59:32unnemployed.
36:59:36Today, many people listen to his
36:59:39podcast.
36:59:42They learn how to build small online
36:59:46businesses.
37:00:02His name is Pat Flynn. His
37:00:07story does not start with success.
37:00:13It starts with a bad day.
37:00:32Awesome.
37:00:37Okay, let's go.
37:00:40>> Too many people listen to his podcast
37:00:44today.
37:00:54Yes.
37:00:56Today many people listen to his podcast.
37:01:02Do they learn to build online businesses
37:01:06or big buildings?
37:01:19They learn how to build small online
37:01:22businesses.
37:01:25How does his story start?
37:01:29His
37:01:34story starts
37:01:36with a bad day.
37:01:44>> In 2008,
37:01:46he was working for an architecture
37:01:48company in California.
37:01:52He liked his job very much.
37:02:10He was helping to design buildings
37:02:13and he had a clear plan for his life.
37:02:31Was he working for an architecture
37:02:33company in 2008?
37:02:45Yes.
37:02:47In 2008,
37:02:49he was working for an architecture
37:02:52company in California.
37:02:55Was he helping to design buildings
37:02:59or cars?
37:03:06He was helping to design buildings.
37:03:11What did he have for his life?
37:03:18He had a clear plan for his life.
37:03:24>> Well done.
37:03:28>> He was also studying for a hard exam
37:03:32about green energy saving buildings.
37:03:47He published his study notes on a simple
37:03:50website to help himself remember.
37:04:04Let's jump into it.
37:04:06>> Was he studying for an easy exam?
37:04:18No,
37:04:20he was studying for a hard exam about
37:04:24green buildings.
37:04:26Did he publish his study notes in a book
37:04:30or on a website?
37:04:38He published his study notes on a simple
37:04:42website.
37:04:44Why did he publish his study notes?
37:04:53He published them to help himself
37:04:56remember.
37:05:02>> He passed the exam.
37:05:07Then that year the economy crashed
37:05:12and many companies lost their work
37:05:30in June. His boss called him into a
37:05:34meeting.
37:05:36Pat was losing his job in architecture.
37:05:59Did he pass the exam?
37:06:09Yes,
37:06:11he passed the exam.
37:06:16Was Pat getting a new job
37:06:20or losing his job?
37:06:30Pat was losing his job.
37:06:34in architecture.
37:06:37What happened to the economy that year?
37:06:46That year the economy crashed.
37:06:57>> Maybe it was the worst day of his life.
37:07:01Maybe it was the best.
37:07:14It felt like the end.
37:07:18Soon he would be unemployed
37:07:22with no plan.
37:07:39Did he have a plan?
37:07:50No.
37:07:53Soon he would be unemployed
37:07:56with no plan.
37:07:59Was it the worst day
37:08:03or the best day?
37:08:14Maybe it was the worst day of his life.
37:08:20Maybe it was the best.
37:08:25How did it feel at that moment?
37:08:35It felt like
37:08:37the end.
37:08:45What could he do?
37:08:48He looked again at his small website.
37:08:53Something surprising was happening
37:08:56there.
37:09:12Every day people were visiting it.
37:09:16They were studying for the same exam and
37:09:20his notes were helping them.
37:09:36Awesome.
37:09:39Was
37:09:43something surprising happening on his
37:09:46website?
37:09:54Yes,
37:09:56something surprising was happening
37:09:59there.
37:10:01Were people visiting it every day
37:10:05or once a year?
37:10:12Every day people were visiting it.
37:10:17What were the people studying for?
37:10:25They were studying for the same exam.
37:10:35So he made a decision.
37:10:38He turned his study notes into a study
37:10:42guide, an electronic book.
37:10:58He published it on his website and
37:11:01people paid to download it.
37:11:16a bit.
37:11:17>> Did he turn his study notes into a study
37:11:22guide?
37:11:32Yes.
37:11:35He turned his study notes into a study
37:11:39guide.
37:11:42Was the study guide a paper book
37:11:47or an electronic book?
37:11:58The study guide was an electronic book.
37:12:04Where did he publish the guide?
37:12:16He published it on his website
37:12:20and people paid to download it.
37:12:31>> In the first month, the guide earned
37:12:34almost $8,000.
37:12:46An unemployed man.
37:12:50A website of study notes.
37:12:54One electronic study guide.
37:13:18Did the guide earn money in the first
37:13:22month?
37:13:32Yes.
37:13:34In the first month, the guide earned
37:13:37almost $8,000.
37:13:42Was he an unemployed man or a busy boss?
37:13:54He was an unemployed man.
37:13:58What did the unemployed man have?
37:14:11He had a website of study notes
37:14:15and one electronic study guide.
37:14:25Even he found it surprising.
37:14:30Every day people were downloading his
37:14:34guide.
37:14:48Then he made a second choice.
37:14:52He decided to share everything he was
37:14:55learning openly and honestly.
37:15:15Now it's your turn. answer the
37:15:17questions.
37:15:19>> Were people downloading his guide every
37:15:23day?
37:15:33>> Yes.
37:15:35Every day people were downloading his
37:15:39guide.
37:15:41Did he find it surprising
37:15:45or boring?
37:15:52Even he found it surprising.
37:15:57What did he decide to share?
37:16:08He decided to share everything he was
37:16:12learning openly and honestly.
37:16:22>> He started a new website about online
37:16:26businesses.
37:16:29There he showed what worked and what
37:16:33failed.
37:16:48He even showed openly how much money he
37:16:53earned each month.
37:17:12Did he start a new website?
37:17:25Yes,
37:17:27he started a new website about online
37:17:31businesses.
37:17:33Did he show only what worked
37:17:37or what failed too?
37:17:47He showed what worked and what failed.
37:17:54What did he show openly each month?
37:18:06He even showed openly
37:18:09how much money he earned each month.
37:18:17>> That's great.
37:18:21>> People trusted him because he did not
37:18:25hide his mistakes.
37:18:36This is not a promise that every website
37:18:40will make money.
37:18:44Most websites
37:18:46never do.
37:19:08Is this a promise that every website
37:19:12will make money?
37:19:22No,
37:19:24this is not a promise that every website
37:19:28will make money.
37:19:30Did he hide his mistakes or show them?
37:19:41He did not hide his mistakes.
37:19:45Why did people trust him?
37:19:56People trusted him because he did not
37:19:59hide his mistakes.
37:20:03>> Congratulations. Let's keep going.
37:20:08>> The lesson is different.
37:20:12A setback can become the start of your
37:20:17own project.
37:20:33Remember the first line
37:20:36many people learn from him today.
37:20:54Can a setback become the start of your
37:20:58own project?
37:21:08Yes.
37:21:10A setback can become the start of your
37:21:13own project.
37:21:16Do many people or only a few learn from
37:21:21him today?
37:21:28Many people learn from him today.
37:21:32What can a setback become?
37:21:42A setback can become the start of your
37:21:45own project.
37:21:49>> That's amazing.
37:21:52Let's jump into it and come.
37:21:54>> It began on the day he lost his job
37:21:58with a website he almost forgot.
37:22:13What small thing do you already have?
37:22:19Notes from your English lessons,
37:22:23a list of new words.
37:22:39Share it.
37:22:43One day
37:22:45people may learn from you too.
37:23:06Let's jump into it.
37:23:08Did it begin on the day he lost his job?
37:23:22Yes,
37:23:25it began on the day he lost his job.
37:23:30Did he almost forget his website
37:23:34or his exam?
37:23:41He almost forgot his website.
37:23:46What small thing do you already have?
37:23:59Maybe notes from your English lessons
37:24:04or a list of new words.
37:24:14The grammar we practice today, past
37:24:17continuous.
37:24:19In 2008, he was working for an
37:24:21architecture company in California.
37:24:26He was helping to design buildings and
37:24:29he had a clear plan for his life.
37:24:34He was also studying for a hard exam
37:24:36about green energy saving buildings.
37:24:42Pat was losing his job in architecture.
37:24:52Congratulations.
37:24:54You practiced 384
37:24:56words in this story and you learned a
37:24:59lot.
37:25:01Super proud of you.
37:25:13This is great. Let's keep it up.
37:25:26foreign.
37:25:51And let's keep going.
37:25:55indestructible
37:26:01social
37:26:02Don't be hard with the
37:26:18indestructible.
37:26:29Tik Tok, [laughter]
37:26:30social med.
37:26:41The superpower question from the book
37:26:44indistractable by near a
37:26:49activity
37:26:51blame
37:26:54research
37:26:56steel
37:26:59lovely
37:27:01super power
37:27:03notice
37:27:05notification
37:27:08interrupt
37:27:10concentrate. ation.
37:27:14One afternoon,
37:27:16a father sat at a table with his little
37:27:19daughter.
37:27:29They were doing an activity book
37:27:33together.
37:27:36Each page had a question for a father
37:27:39and a daughter.
37:28:07Did the father sit with his little
37:28:11daughter?
37:28:21Yes.
37:28:24One afternoon,
37:28:26a father sat at a table with his little
37:28:30daughter.
37:28:32Were they doing an activity book or
37:28:36watching a screen?
37:28:43They were doing an activity book
37:28:46together.
37:28:48What did each page have?
37:28:58Each page had a question for a father
37:29:02and a daughter.
37:29:05>> Well done.
37:29:09>> It was a lovely activity
37:29:12just for the two of them.
37:29:15[clears throat] No work.
37:29:18And no meetings.
37:29:36They were turning a page when a new
37:29:39question came.
37:29:43If you could have any superpower,
37:29:47what would it be?
37:30:05Let's jump into it.
37:30:08>> Was it a lovely activity?
37:30:20Yes,
37:30:22it was a lovely activity
37:30:26just for the two of them.
37:30:29Were they turning a page or closing the
37:30:33book?
37:30:40They were turning a page when a new
37:30:43question came.
37:30:46What was the new question?
37:30:58If you could have any superpower,
37:31:02what would it be?
37:31:10It was a lovely question,
37:31:13the kind that lets a father see inside
37:31:16his child's mind.
37:31:29His daughter was answering when he
37:31:32looked down at his phone.
37:31:44Awesome. Wait, let's go.
37:31:48>> Was his daughter answering when he
37:31:51looked down?
37:32:01Yes,
37:32:04his daughter was answering when he
37:32:06looked down at his phone.
37:32:09Was it a lovely question or a boring
37:32:13one?
37:32:18It was a lovely question.
37:32:23What was she doing when he looked at his
37:32:25phone?
37:32:31She was answering the question.
37:32:39>> Just for a second, he thought
37:32:42just one small thing to check.
37:32:55While she was talking, his concentration
37:32:59was on the screen.
37:33:13Did he want to check his phone for a
37:33:16long time?
37:33:26No,
37:33:30just for a second, he thought
37:33:34while she was talking, was his
37:33:37concentration on her or on the screen?
37:33:51While she was talking, his concentration
37:33:55was on the screen.
37:33:58What did he want to check?
37:34:08Just one small thing to check.
37:34:19He did not notice when she stopped.
37:34:25When he looked up again, she was playing
37:34:28on her own.
37:34:43She had lost interest in the game.
37:34:49That moment was never going to come
37:34:52back.
37:35:11Did he notice when she stopped?
37:35:22No.
37:35:24He did not notice when she stopped.
37:35:29When he looked up, was she playing on
37:35:32her own or waiting for him?
37:35:43When he looked up again, she was playing
37:35:46on her own.
37:35:49What had she lost?
37:35:56She had lost interest in the game.
37:36:02Extraordinary. Let's keep it up.
37:36:05>> He did not hear which superpower his
37:36:09daughter wanted.
37:36:13His phone had stolen the answer.
37:36:33He [sighs and gasps] felt terrible.
37:36:38He could not blame anybody else.
37:36:43His own hand had picked up the phone.
37:37:09Did he hear which superpower his
37:37:12daughter wanted?
37:37:22No,
37:37:25he did not hear which superpower his
37:37:28daughter wanted.
37:37:31Could he blame anybody else or only
37:37:35himself?
37:37:42He could not blame anybody else.
37:37:48What had his phone stolen?
37:37:57His phone had stolen the answer.
37:38:06Let's jump into the
37:38:10Let's keep it up.
37:38:12So he started to study distraction.
37:38:18Why do we look away even when we do not
37:38:22want to
37:38:38read research and talked to experts for
37:38:42years.
37:38:56How would it kill him?
37:39:00Did he start to study
37:39:03distraction?
37:39:12Yes.
37:39:14So he started to study distraction.
37:39:20Did he read research for days or for
37:39:25years?
37:39:31He read research for years.
37:39:37Who did he talk to?
37:39:44He talked to experts.
37:39:53Here is the twist.
37:39:57This father was no stranger to screens
37:40:01and the habits they build.
37:40:03[clears throat]
37:40:07His
37:40:17name is Near Aal.
37:40:22He also wrote a famous book called
37:40:25Hooked.
37:40:43Was this father a stranger to screens?
37:40:56No,
37:40:58this father was no stranger to screens.
37:41:04Is his name near Aal
37:41:08or Hooked?
37:41:15His name is near Aal.
37:41:20What famous book did he write?
37:41:30He also wrote a famous book called
37:41:34Hooked.
37:41:37>> I'm super proud of you.
37:41:41Hooked teaches companies how to build
37:41:45products that people use again and
37:41:48again.
37:42:00Yes.
37:42:02The man who taught companies to hold our
37:42:06attention
37:42:08lost a moment to his phone.
37:42:28How's your job?
37:42:30>> Does Hooked teach companies how to build
37:42:34products?
37:42:44Yes.
37:42:46Hooked teaches companies how to build
37:42:50products.
37:42:52Do people use those products once
37:42:56or again and again?
37:43:05People use them again and again.
37:43:11What did the man lose to his phone?
37:43:20He lost a moment to his phone.
37:43:28>> His research showed that he could not
37:43:31blame the phone alone.
37:43:35Even an expert needed a plan.
37:43:54later he wrote a book about that plan
37:43:58called Indestructible.
37:44:12Could
37:44:15he blame the phone alone?
37:44:27No.
37:44:30His research showed that he could not
37:44:34blame the phone alone.
37:44:37Did even an expert need a plan or just
37:44:42more books?
37:44:49Even an expert needed a plan.
37:44:54What did he call his new book?
37:45:03He called it indistractable.
37:45:14>> Distraction steals moments you cannot
37:45:17get back.
37:45:20Most of them are small
37:45:23so we do not notice them.
37:45:39Your English has moments like this too.
37:45:45Maybe the teacher was explaining
37:45:48when a notification came.
37:46:07Now it's your turn. Answer the
37:46:10questions.
37:46:12>> Does distraction steal moments?
37:46:24Yes,
37:46:26distraction steals moments you cannot
37:46:30get back.
37:46:32Are most of those moments big
37:46:36or small?
37:46:44Most of them are small so we do not
37:46:48notice them.
37:46:50What came while the teacher was
37:46:53explaining
37:47:01maybe a notification came while the
37:47:05teacher was explaining.
37:47:09>> Congratulations. Let's keep going.
37:47:12Maybe a friend was speaking English to
37:47:15you
37:47:17when you looked away.
37:47:28One small notification can interrupt a
37:47:32big moment
37:47:35and your concentration goes with it.
37:47:52Great.
37:47:56>> Was a friend speaking English to you
37:47:59when you looked away?
37:48:10Yes,
37:48:13maybe a friend was speaking English to
37:48:16you when you looked away.
37:48:20Can a small notification
37:48:23interrupt a big moment or not?
37:48:36One small notification can interrupt a
37:48:40big moment.
37:48:42What goes with the moment?
37:48:51Your concentration goes with it.
37:48:56All right.
37:49:01So try one daily rule.
37:49:06When someone is talking to you,
37:49:10your phone goes face down.
37:49:28Let nothing interrupt them. Not even for
37:49:31a second.
37:49:34Some answers
37:49:37only come once.
37:49:53Final round.
37:49:59>> Should your phone go face down?
37:50:11Yes.
37:50:14When someone is talking to you, your
37:50:17phone goes face down.
37:50:21Should you let a notification interrupt
37:50:24them or let nothing
37:50:35let nothing interrupt them. Not even for
37:50:39a second.
37:50:41How often do some answers come?
37:50:51Some answers only come once.
37:51:03Webinar we practically today past
37:51:06continuous versus past simple. They were
37:51:09turning a page when a new question came.
37:51:14His daughter was answering when he
37:51:16looked down at his phone.
37:51:20While she was talking, his concentration
37:51:22was on the screen.
37:51:26When he looked up again, she was playing
37:51:28on her own.
37:51:36Congratulations.
37:51:38You practiced 382 words in this story
37:51:42and you learned a lot.
37:52:03TPRS, comprehensible input, Dr. Crash, a
37:52:05lot of things.
37:52:13[clears throat]
37:52:19That's that this is the right way.
37:52:21That's amazing.
37:52:24How to win friends and influence people.
37:52:50It really helps.
37:53:03His own mistakes first. His own mistakes
37:53:07first from the book How to Win Friends
37:53:11and Influence People by Dale Carnei.
37:53:16Judgment,
37:53:18expect
37:53:21suggest
37:53:23pause
37:53:28twice.
37:53:30type
37:53:32gently
37:53:34wisdom
37:53:36fault.
37:53:39A 19-year-old woman sat at a desk in a
37:53:43New York office
37:53:45typing letters.
37:53:58It was her first real job.
37:54:03Only 3 years before she used to sit in a
37:54:07school classroom.
37:54:25Was
37:54:34the young woman typing letters?
37:54:47Yes.
37:54:51She sat at a desk in a New York office
37:54:55typing letters.
37:54:58Was it her first real job or her 10th?
37:55:09It was her first real job.
37:55:14Where did she used to sit 3 years before
37:55:25she used to sit in a school classroom.
37:55:33Lee.
37:55:35>> Her name was Josephine
37:55:38and her boss [clears throat] was her
37:55:40uncle, the writer, Dale Carnegie.
37:55:57She had very little business experience
37:56:00and she made mistakes almost every day.
37:56:20Was her boss her uncle?
37:56:32Yes,
37:56:34her boss was her uncle, the writer Dale
37:56:39Cariegi.
37:56:41Did she have a lot of experience
37:56:45or very little?
37:56:53She had very little business experience.
37:56:58How often did she make mistakes?
37:57:08She made mistakes almost every day.
37:57:21Carnegie tells this story himself
37:57:25in his famous book, How to Win Friends
37:57:29and Influence People.
37:57:44One day he found another mistake in a
37:57:48letter she typed.
37:57:51He was ready to correct her.
37:58:09Does Cariggi tell this story himself?
37:58:22Yes.
37:58:25Cargi tells this story himself in his
37:58:29famous book.
37:58:31Did he find the mistake in a letter she
37:58:35typed?
37:58:36or in a book.
37:58:45He found another mistake in a letter she
37:58:48typed.
37:58:50What was he ready to do?
37:58:58He was ready to correct her.
37:59:05Pause here.
37:59:09What do most bosses do next?
37:59:21They point at the mistake.
37:59:25They explain what is wrong. And
37:59:28sometimes they get angry.
37:59:45Awesome.
37:59:51Does the story ask you to pause here?
38:00:02Yes.
38:00:05Pause here.
38:00:09Do most bosses point to the mistake
38:00:13or hide it?
38:00:19They point to the mistake.
38:00:23What do bosses sometimes do?
38:00:33Sometimes they get angry.
38:00:43>> Maybe that is what you expect too.
38:00:47A mistake is a mistake after all.
38:01:02Carnegie paused before he spoke.
38:01:07He asked himself a quiet question first.
38:01:29Is that what you expect to
38:01:38Maybe that is what you expect too.
38:01:43Did Cariegi pause before he spoke
38:01:48or after?
38:01:56Cargi paused before he spoke.
38:02:02What did he ask himself first?
38:02:12He asked himself a quiet question first.
38:02:21>> Was it really her fault?
38:02:26He was twice her age with many more
38:02:29years of experience.
38:02:44How could he expect her to have the
38:02:47judgment of a man his age?
38:02:59Awesome.
38:03:01Let's go.
38:03:02>> Was he twice her age?
38:03:14Yes,
38:03:16he was twice her age with many more
38:03:21years of experience.
38:03:24Did he have more experience
38:03:28or less than she did?
38:03:36He had many more years of experience.
38:03:42What could he not expect her to have?
38:03:53He could not expect her to have the
38:03:56judgment of a man his age.
38:04:10self at 19.
38:04:15How much wisdom did he have back then?
38:04:36He used to make many silly mistakes
38:04:39then.
38:04:40And some were worse than hers.
38:04:58Now it's your turn. Answer the
38:05:01questions.
38:05:03>> Did Cariegi used to make silly mistakes?
38:05:16Yes,
38:05:18he used to make many silly mistakes
38:05:22then.
38:05:24Were some of his mistakes better
38:05:28or worse than hers?
38:05:37Some were worse than hers.
38:05:42Who did he remember?
38:05:50He remembered himself at 19.
38:05:56I'm super proud of you.
38:06:00>> Here is the decision.
38:06:04[clears throat] He did not start with
38:06:07her mistake.
38:06:09He started with his own.
38:06:27He gently told her there was a mistake
38:06:30in her work, but a small one.
38:06:44Let's jump into it.
38:06:47Did he start with her mistake?
38:07:00No,
38:07:02he did not start with her mistake.
38:07:06He started with his own.
38:07:09Did he tell her gently
38:07:12or angrily?
38:07:20He gently told her there was a mistake.
38:07:26How big was the mistake?
38:07:33It was a small one.
38:07:41>> Then he said he used to make much worse
38:07:44mistakes
38:07:46at her age.
38:07:57He said, "Good judgment comes with
38:08:00experience."
38:08:02She was already better than he used to
38:08:06be at 19.
38:08:26Did he used to make worse mistakes at
38:08:30her age?
38:08:40Yes.
38:08:42He said he used to make much worse
38:08:45mistakes at her age.
38:08:49Was she better
38:08:51or worse than he used to be at 19?
38:09:03She was already better than he used to
38:09:06be at 19.
38:09:09What comes with experience?
38:09:18Good judgment comes with experience.
38:09:26Let's jump into
38:09:30Let's keep it up.
38:09:32Only after that did he show her the
38:09:36mistake and suggest a better way.
38:09:49Cargi writes that it is much easier to
38:09:53hear about your mistakes this way.
38:10:10How
38:10:14did he show her the mistake first?
38:10:26No.
38:10:28Only after that did he show her the
38:10:32mistake.
38:10:35Did he suggest a better way or say
38:10:39nothing?
38:10:44He suggested a better way.
38:10:49What does Cargi write?
38:11:00It is much easier to hear about your
38:11:03mistakes this way.
38:11:07>> Fabulous. Let's keep it up.
38:11:10>> The mistake was the same.
38:11:14Only the first sentence changed and that
38:11:19small wisdom changed the whole talk.
38:11:38Remember who you were before you judge
38:11:42who they are. Was
38:11:57the mistake the same?
38:12:06Yes,
38:12:09the mistake was the same.
38:12:13Did that small wisdom change the whole
38:12:17talk or nothing?
38:12:27That small wisdom changed the whole
38:12:31talk.
38:12:33What should you remember before you
38:12:37judge?
38:12:40Remember
38:12:48who you were before you judge who they
38:12:52are.
38:12:59>> In English, you will soon help people
38:13:02who know less than you do.
38:13:13A friend, a brother or a classmate
38:13:17will make the mistakes you used to make.
38:13:40will you soon help people in English?
38:13:53Yes.
38:13:55In English, you will soon help people
38:13:59who know less than you do.
38:14:03Will they make new mistakes
38:14:06or the mistakes you used to make?
38:14:17They will make the mistakes you used to
38:14:20make.
38:14:22Who will make those mistakes?
38:14:33A friend, a brother, or a classmate will
38:14:38make them.
38:14:40That's amazing.
38:14:52Do not start with their fault.
38:14:56Start with one of yours.
38:15:13Tell them what you used to get wrong.
38:15:18Then gently suggest
38:15:21the better way.
38:15:35>> Final round.
38:15:40Should you think twice?
38:15:52Yes.
38:15:55When that happens, think twice.
38:16:00Should you start with their fault
38:16:03or one of yours?
38:16:15Do not start with their fault.
38:16:19Start with one of yours.
38:16:23What did you use to get wrong?
38:16:35Tell them what you used to get wrong.
38:16:39Then gently suggest the better way.
38:16:51The grammar we practice today used to.
38:16:54only 3 years before she used to sit in a
38:16:57school classroom.
38:17:01He used to make many silly mistakes then
38:17:03and some were worse than hers.
38:17:08Then he said he used to make much worse
38:17:10mistakes at her age.
38:17:14She was already better than he used to
38:17:16be at 19.
38:17:21Congratulations.
38:17:26You practiced 377
38:17:29words in this story and you learned a
38:17:32lot.
38:17:34>> That's another story in your pocket.
38:17:42And you know, stories stick.
38:17:47Awesome.
38:17:56Before we continue,
38:17:59a real student just like you, uh,
38:18:11was able to get get amazing results.
38:18:22There's a way
38:18:37for
38:18:43Then I'm going to go
38:19:12foreign.
38:19:42No,
38:20:09no. for
38:20:21English.
38:20:37for
38:20:56basic standard
38:21:00A1, A2
38:21:27Google
38:21:52proficient English.
38:22:00for
38:22:16happiness,
38:22:21A2.
38:22:32What the daddy? Okay.
38:22:59That's just
38:23:01for
38:23:14Google.
38:23:26for
38:24:06forchech.
38:24:35for
38:25:02complete disaster.
38:25:04You can
38:25:34for
38:25:36subtitles.
38:25:38Subtitles.
38:25:55for
38:26:20spring.
38:26:24We are for
38:26:30Hello.
38:26:41for
38:27:11She's at
38:27:41forana.
38:28:11Oxford
38:28:13A1
38:28:37for
38:28:55your
38:29:07for
38:29:35speech.
38:29:57I'm a kid.
38:30:02for
38:30:17scenario.
38:30:36Sherlock Holmes.
38:30:57for
38:31:27Fore.
38:32:35Amen.
38:33:20Jack.
38:33:37Wow.
38:34:07A1 maximum A2
38:34:11B1
38:34:21forchech.
38:34:54You are
38:35:11a translator.
38:35:45Alhamdulillah. for
38:36:13video leak.
38:36:18So you'll
38:36:43step
38:37:07But anyways,
38:37:13the obstacle is the way.
38:37:19Oh my god.
38:37:24Obstacles.
38:38:13That's an amazing concept.
38:38:17Oh yeah.
38:38:19The calm heart.
38:38:22>> The calm heart from the book The
38:38:25Obstacle is the way by Ryan Holiday.
38:38:30Launch
38:38:32unknown
38:38:35flight
38:38:37signal.
38:38:39Astronaut
38:38:41simulator
38:38:44suit
38:38:46safely
38:38:48wild
38:38:50shield.
38:38:54Picture this.
38:38:56A man in a silver suit is sitting on top
38:39:01of a giant rocket.
38:39:06His
38:39:16name was John Glenn.
38:39:20It was February 1962
38:39:24and he was waiting to leave the Earth.
38:39:55Is the man wearing a silver suit?
38:40:07Yes,
38:40:11a man in a silver suit is sitting on top
38:40:15of a giant rocket.
38:40:19Is he sitting on a rocket
38:40:23or on a plane?
38:40:31He is sitting on top of a giant rocket.
38:40:37What was he waiting to do?
38:40:48He was waiting
38:40:50to leave the earth.
38:40:54[clears throat]
38:41:00No American had ever flown around the
38:41:04earth.
38:41:06He was going to be the first.
38:41:21The rocket was new and dangerous.
38:41:26Nobody knew if he could come home
38:41:29safely.
38:41:42Doctors on the ground were watching his
38:41:45heart.
38:41:58Had any American ever flown around the
38:42:02earth?
38:42:12>> No.
38:42:14No American had ever flown around the
38:42:18Earth.
38:42:20Was the rocket old and safe
38:42:25or new and dangerous?
38:42:35The rocket was new and dangerous.
38:42:41What were the doctors watching?
38:42:51Doctors on the ground were watching his
38:42:55heart.
38:42:57>> Congratulations. Let's keep going.
38:43:01>> His heart beat faster at launch as any
38:43:05heart would.
38:43:08Then it stayed steady, not wild.
38:43:25He did his job calmly as if he was at
38:43:28work in an office.
38:43:44Did his heart beat faster at launch?
38:43:57Yes.
38:44:00His heart beat faster at launch as any
38:44:04heart would.
38:44:07Did his heart stay steady
38:44:10or go wild?
38:44:18It stayed steady, not wild.
38:44:23How did he do his job at launch?
38:44:36He did his job calmly
38:44:39as if he was at work in an office.
38:44:48>> Put yourself in his silver suit.
38:44:53Have you ever felt fear like that?
38:44:59Why was he so calm?
38:45:15Most of us have never sat on a rocket.
38:45:19So we guess
38:45:22he was born brave.
38:45:46Have most of us ever sat on a rocket?
38:45:59No,
38:46:02most of us have never sat on a rocket.
38:46:07Do we guess he was born brave
38:46:12or born scared?
38:46:20We guess he was born brave.
38:46:25Whose silver suit do you put yourself
38:46:29in?
38:46:35Put yourself in his silver suit.
38:46:44That answer is nice.
38:46:47But you cannot copy a hero's heart.
38:46:59In the obstacle is the way. Ryan Holiday
38:47:04gives a different answer.
38:47:07The missing clue is practice.
38:47:31Can you copy a hero's heart?
38:47:42>> No.
38:47:44You cannot copy a hero's heart.
38:47:49Is the missing clue
38:47:51courage
38:47:53or practice?
38:48:00The missing clue is practice.
38:48:05Who gives a different answer?
38:48:13Ryan Holiday gives a different answer.
38:48:22>> For months, NASA made the astronauts
38:48:26practice the flight again and again
38:48:32in simulators.
38:48:49A simulator was a machine that copied
38:48:52the real spacecraft with the same
38:48:55buttons and sounds.
38:49:12Did the astronauts practice the flight
38:49:15again and again?
38:49:25Yes,
38:49:28they practiced the flight again and
38:49:31again in simulators.
38:49:35Was a simulator a real spacecraft
38:49:40or a machine?
38:49:50A simulator was a machine that copied
38:49:53the real spacecraft.
38:49:57What did the simulator have?
38:50:05It had the same buttons and sounds.
38:50:18Let's keep it up.
38:50:20The trainers made things go wrong on
38:50:24purpose.
38:50:27Alarms rang and lights went red.
38:50:45Each time the astronauts had to find the
38:50:48problem and fix it fast.
38:51:05is speaking.
38:51:08>> Did the trainers make things go wrong on
38:51:12purpose?
38:51:22Yes,
38:51:24they made things go wrong on purpose.
38:51:30Did lights go green
38:51:33or red?
38:51:39Lights went red.
38:51:43What did the astronauts have to do?
38:51:53The astronauts had to find the problem
38:51:56and fix it fast.
38:52:04They practiced the scary moments so many
38:52:08times
38:52:09that the scary moments became normal.
38:52:24So on the real day the launch was not
38:52:28new.
38:52:31His mind and body had seen it before
38:52:54speaking skills.
38:52:57Did the scary moments become normal?
38:53:09Yes.
38:53:11The scary moments became normal.
38:53:16Was the launch new to him or had he seen
38:53:20it before?
38:53:30The launch was not new.
38:53:34His mind and body had seen it before.
38:53:39How many times did they practice the
38:53:42scary moments?
38:53:52They practiced them so many times that
38:53:56they became normal.
38:54:00>> All right, back to the story.
38:54:04>> And real problems did come.
38:54:09A control system failed. So he flew the
38:54:13capsule by hand.
38:54:30Then a signal said his heat shield might
38:54:34be loose.
38:54:36Without the shield, the return could
38:54:40kill him.
38:54:55Awesome.
38:54:58>> Did real problems come?
38:55:08Yes,
38:55:10real problems did come.
38:55:14Did he fly the capsule by hand or by
38:55:18computer?
38:55:26He flew the capsule by hand.
38:55:31What did the signal say?
38:55:39A signal said his heat shield might be
38:55:43loose.
38:55:46>> Extraordinary. Let's keep it up.
38:55:49>> He did not panic at the signal.
38:55:54He did what he had practiced
38:55:57one step at a time.
38:56:03His
38:56:14flight went around the earth three times
38:56:20and he came home safely.
38:56:40Did he panic at the signal?
38:56:52No,
38:56:54he did not panic at the signal.
38:56:59Did his flight go around the Earth three
38:57:03times
38:57:05or once?
38:57:14His flight went around the earth three
38:57:18times.
38:57:21How [clears throat] did he come home?
38:57:28He came home safely.
38:57:39Fear grows in the unknown,
38:57:43in things we have never seen.
38:57:48Practice takes the unknown away.
38:58:06Your exam day is your launch.
38:58:12Have you ever felt your heart go wild
38:58:16before a test?
38:58:35Let's jump into it.
38:58:38>> Does fear grow in the unknown?
38:58:50Yes.
38:58:52>> [snorts]
38:58:53>> Fear grows in the unknown,
38:58:57in things we have never seen.
38:59:01Does practice take the unknown away or
38:59:06make it bigger?
38:59:14Practice takes the unknown away.
38:59:19What is your exam day?
38:59:28Your exam day is your launch.
38:59:41So build your own simulator.
38:59:47one full practice test at the real exam
38:59:52time.
38:59:55Have you ever taken one
39:00:11on test day? Your heart may beat faster.
39:00:17Let it.
39:00:20You have been here before.
39:00:42Let's jump into it.
39:00:45>> On test day,
39:00:47have you been here before?
39:00:59Yes.
39:01:01On test day, you have been here before.
39:01:07Should you take the test at the real
39:01:10exam time or any time?
39:01:20Take it at the real exam time.
39:01:25What should you build?
39:01:36Build your own simulator.
39:01:41One full practice test at the real exam
39:01:46time.
39:01:54The grammar we practice today, present
39:01:58perfect experience.
39:02:00Have you ever felt fear like that?
39:02:05>> Most of us have never sat on a rocket,
39:02:08so we guess.
39:02:11Fear grows in the unknown in things we
39:02:15have never seen.
39:02:19Have you ever felt your heart go wild
39:02:22before a test?
39:02:30Congratulations.
39:02:32You practiced 383 words in this story
39:02:36and you learned a lot.
39:02:40>> Finished. That's amazing.
39:02:49Which is great.
39:03:01That's amazing.
39:03:04Radical cander.
39:03:07Radical
39:03:09cander.
39:03:20foreign.
39:03:56Um
39:03:57>> um from the book Radical Cander by Kim
39:04:02Scott.
39:04:04Presentation.
39:04:06Comment
39:04:08stupid
39:04:10directly
39:04:13personally.
39:04:15Chief,
39:04:17executive
39:04:20plainly.
39:04:22Correction,
39:04:24pronunciation.
39:04:28Um
39:04:31um
39:04:34um
39:04:37it is a tiny word.
39:04:41Most of us do not even hear ourselves
39:04:44say it.
39:04:59This story is about that tiny word and a
39:05:05hard choice it caused.
39:05:32Is um a tiny word?
39:05:38>> [clears throat]
39:05:44>> Yes.
39:05:47Um is a tiny word.
39:05:51Do most of us hear ourselves say it or
39:05:55not even hear it?
39:06:04Most of us do not even hear ourselves
39:06:07said.
39:06:09What did the tiny word cause?
39:06:18It caused a hard choice.
39:06:23Extraordinary. Let's keep it up.
39:06:27Kim Scott had just joined Google.
39:06:33She gave a presentation to the company's
39:06:35founders and its chief executive.
39:06:53In her presentation, she talked about
39:06:57how her part of the business was doing
39:07:11this speaking.
39:07:15Had Kim just joined Google?
39:07:26Yes,
39:07:28Kim Scott had just joined Google.
39:07:33Did she give a presentation
39:07:36or write a letter?
39:07:43She gave a presentation.
39:07:47Who listened to her presentation?
39:07:57She gave it to the company's founders
39:08:01and its chief executive.
39:08:08They had added so many new customers
39:08:11that the chief executive almost fell off
39:08:14his chair.
39:08:26After the meeting, Kim felt great.
39:08:31Her boss, Cheryl Sandberg, asked her to
39:08:35take a walk.
39:08:57Did the chief executive almost fall off
39:09:01his chair?
39:09:11Yes.
39:09:13The chief executive almost fell off his
39:09:17chair.
39:09:19Did Kim feel great or terrible after the
39:09:24meeting?
39:09:30After the meeting, Kim felt great.
39:09:34What did her boss ask her to do?
39:09:40Her
39:09:44boss asked her to take a walk.
39:09:49>> Fabulous. Let's keep it up.
39:09:52>> Cheryl praised the good parts first.
39:09:57Then she said that Kim said um a lot.
39:10:15Kim waved the comment away.
39:10:19The meeting went well, so why worry
39:10:22about one small word?
39:10:41Did Cheryl praise the good parts first?
39:10:53Yes.
39:10:55Cheryl prays the good parts first.
39:11:00Did Kim listen to the comment or wave it
39:11:04away?
39:11:11Kim waved the comment away.
39:11:16What did Kim often say?
39:11:25Kim said um a lot.
39:11:34>> Cheryl offered to find her a speaking
39:11:36coach paid by the company.
39:11:41Kim waved that away, too.
39:11:56Stop here.
39:11:59Imagine you are Cheryl.
39:12:03The meeting has just ended. Well,
39:12:27has the meeting just ended?
39:12:37Yes,
39:12:38the meeting has just ended. Well,
39:12:43did Cheryl offer a [clears throat]
39:12:45speaking coach
39:12:48or a new job?
39:12:57Cheryl offered to find her a speaking
39:13:00coach.
39:13:02Who pays for the coach?
39:13:08>> The coach is paid by the company.
39:13:18>> You have already told her once
39:13:22kindly.
39:13:25She has not listened yet.
39:13:30What do you do now?
39:13:46The easy choice is to smile
39:13:50and say nothing more.
39:13:54Nobody gets hurt today.
39:14:11Now it's your turn. Answer the
39:14:14questions.
39:14:16Has Kim listened yet?
39:14:25No,
39:14:27she has not listened yet.
39:14:31Is the easy choice to smile
39:14:35or to speak again?
39:14:44The easy choice is to smile and say
39:14:47nothing more.
39:14:49How many times have you already told
39:14:53her?
39:15:01You have already told her once
39:15:05kindly.
39:15:09That's great.
39:15:13The hard choice is to say it again
39:15:18more clearly
39:15:21and risk an uncomfortable moment.
39:15:39Cheryl chose the hard way.
39:15:45She said she could see that her message
39:15:48was not getting through.
39:16:05Great.
39:16:09>> Did Cheryl choose the hard way?
39:16:20>> Yes,
39:16:22Cheryl chose the hard way.
39:16:26Was her message getting through or not?
39:16:37Her message was not getting through.
39:16:42What does the hard choice risk?
39:16:51It risks an uncomfortable moment.
39:17:01Then she said it plainly.
39:17:06When you say um every third word, it
39:17:10makes you sound stupid.
39:17:27That sentence hurt.
39:17:31Nobody wants to sound stupid.
39:17:37Now at last Kim was really listening.
39:17:45Awesome.
39:17:58Wait, let's go.
39:18:02>> Did Cheryl say it plainly?
39:18:13>> Yes.
39:18:15Then she said it plainly.
39:18:20Does saying um make you sound smart
39:18:26or stupid?
39:18:32It makes you sound stupid.
39:18:36How did that sentence feel?
39:18:42That sentence hurt.
39:18:46>> I'm super proud of you.
39:18:52>> This time she did not wave the comment
39:18:55away.
39:18:57She said yes to the speaking coach.
39:19:13She worked with the coach and practiced.
39:19:18Slowly the ums left her talks.
39:19:43Did Kim [gasps] wave the comment away
39:19:46this time?
39:19:56No,
39:19:58this time she did not wave the comment
39:20:02away.
39:20:04Did she say yes to the coach
39:20:08or no?
39:20:15She said yes to the speaking coach.
39:20:20What left her talks?
39:20:30Slowly the arms left her talks.
39:20:37>> Congratulations. Let's keep going.
39:20:41Why did Cheryl say it so directly?
39:20:46She cared about Kim's future more than
39:20:51about one comfortable moment.
39:21:08Years later, Kim wrote about this walk
39:21:12in her book, Radical Cander.
39:21:32Did Cheryl say it directly?
39:21:42Yes,
39:21:45Cheryl said it directly.
39:21:48Did she care more about Kim's future
39:21:53or one comfortable moment?
39:22:02She cared about Kim's future more.
39:22:07What did Kim write about later?
39:22:18Years later, Kim wrote about this walk.
39:22:31She says a good boss does two things
39:22:35together.
39:22:38Cares personally
39:22:41and challenges
39:22:44directly.
39:22:59So your teacher has just marked every
39:23:02mistake in your pronunciation.
39:23:06Do you take it personally?
39:23:18Has
39:23:28your teacher just marked every mistake?
39:23:41Yes,
39:23:45your teacher has just marked every
39:23:48mistake in your pronunciation.
39:23:52Does a good boss care personally
39:23:56or only about the work?
39:24:06A good boss cares personally and
39:24:10challenges directly.
39:24:13How does a good boss challenge?
39:24:22A good boss challenges directly.
39:24:27Congratulations.
39:24:33Remember that walk?
39:24:37Maybe you have already waved one
39:24:40correction away.
39:24:43Do not wave the next one.
39:25:01Say thank you for the correction
39:25:04and fix one sound in your pronunciation.
39:25:18Has someone just corrected your English
39:25:21plainly?
39:25:25Good.
39:25:28Someone cares about your future.
39:25:46Final round.
39:25:52Have you already waved a correction
39:25:55away?
39:26:05Yes.
39:26:08Maybe you have already waved one
39:26:10correction away. Should you wave the
39:26:15next one away or say thank you?
39:26:24Say thank you for the correction.
39:26:28Why is it good when someone has just
39:26:31corrected you plainly?
39:26:39Someone cares about your future.
39:26:49The grammar we practice today. Present
39:26:53perfect. Just already yet. The meeting
39:26:57has just ended. Well,
39:27:02you have already told her once kindly.
39:27:08She has not listened yet.
39:27:12So, your teacher has just marked every
39:27:15mistake in your pronunciation.
39:27:24Congratulations.
39:27:26You practiced 382
39:27:29words in this story and you learned a
39:27:32lot.
39:27:34>> Great job.
39:27:47That's amazing.
39:27:55And that's such an amazing thing. So,
39:27:57let me stop you here for a second.
39:28:04People who have
39:28:06for
39:28:17English.
39:28:47English.
39:28:58for
39:29:10English.
39:29:22English
39:29:25forchech.
39:30:24Fatherchech. really clean English.
39:30:44Awesome.
39:31:06If it's something amazing, it's
39:31:08something totally crazy.
39:31:18100 million offers, $100 million offers.
39:31:22Keep
39:31:45Yeah, it's it's it's something really
39:31:47nice.
39:31:51The Playroom Office.
39:31:54>> The Playroom Office from the book $100
39:31:58Million Offers by Alex Horosi.
39:32:03Account,
39:32:05commission,
39:32:08payment,
39:32:10gym,
39:32:12progress,
39:32:14toy,
39:32:17exact,
39:32:19chain,
39:32:21grandchild,
39:32:24debt.
39:32:27Today,
39:32:28millions of people have watched Alex
39:32:31Hormos's videos and read his business
39:32:36books.
39:32:49He has built big companies.
39:32:53He looks like a man who always won.
39:33:11This story starts somewhere very
39:33:14different.
39:33:16It starts in a children's playroom.
39:33:41Have millions of people watched his
39:33:45videos.
39:33:55Yes.
39:33:57Millions of people have watched Alex
39:34:00Horos's videos.
39:34:03Has he built big companies
39:34:06or small shops?
39:34:13He has built big companies.
39:34:17Where does this story start?
39:34:27It starts in a children's playroom.
39:34:37years before he opened a gym.
39:34:43Slowly he built a chain of six gyms.
39:35:01Those were hard years.
39:35:05He tested ads, offers, and calls and
39:35:10learned what makes a stranger say yes.
39:35:32Did he open a gym?
39:35:42Yes.
39:35:45Years before he opened a gym,
39:35:50did he build a chain of six gyms
39:35:54or 60 gyms?
39:36:03He built a chain of six gyms.
39:36:08What did he learn in those hard years?
39:36:19He learned what makes a stranger say
39:36:23yes.
39:36:26>> Extraordinary. Let's keep it up.
39:36:30Then he sold five gyms from his chain.
39:36:35He put the money into a new business
39:36:38with a new partner.
39:36:53One morning he checked his bank account.
39:36:59The partner had taken all the money.
39:37:17>> Great.
39:37:21Did he sell all of his gyms?
39:37:31No,
39:37:33he sold five gyms from his chain.
39:37:38Did he check his bank account in the
39:37:41morning or at night?
39:37:49He checked his bank account one morning.
39:37:54What had the partner taken?
39:38:03The partner had taken all the money.
39:38:11>> He had no home of his own. Now,
39:38:16a kind family let him stay in their
39:38:19house.
39:38:22His
39:38:31office was their grandchildren's
39:38:33playroom.
39:38:36He worked on a tiny chair with toys all
39:38:40around him.
39:39:04Did he have a home of his own?
39:39:14No.
39:39:16He had no home of his own now.
39:39:20Was his office a playroom
39:39:23or a bank?
39:39:32His office was their grandchildren's
39:39:35playroom.
39:39:37What was all around him?
39:39:46He worked with toys all around him.
39:39:57>> Then on Christmas Eve, a payment company
39:40:01called.
39:40:03It was holding every payment from his
39:40:07new sales.
39:40:23He owed his salesman a big commission,
39:40:27the money a seller earns for each sale.
39:40:44speaking.
39:40:47>> Did a payment company call
39:40:51on Christmas Eve?
39:41:02Yes.
39:41:04On Christmas Eve,
39:41:07a payment company called
39:41:11Was it holding every payment or only one
39:41:17payment?
39:41:25It was holding every payment from his
39:41:29new sales.
39:41:31What is a commission?
39:41:41A commission is the money a seller earns
39:41:45for each sale.
39:41:49That's amazing.
39:41:52>> His salesman had a baby
39:41:57and another [crying] baby was on the
39:41:59way.
39:42:09Many owners would keep the money and pay
39:42:13that debt later.
39:42:18Nobody would blame them.
39:42:38Did his salesman
39:42:40have a baby?
39:42:50Yes,
39:42:52his salesman had a baby and another baby
39:42:56was on the way.
39:42:59Would many owners pay that debt now
39:43:04or later?
39:43:12Many owners would pay that debt later.
39:43:18Who would blame them? [snorts]
39:43:26Nobody would blame them.
39:43:33He did not wait.
39:43:37He sent his salesman the whole
39:43:40commission and paid the debt in full.
39:43:58Then he looked at his bank account
39:44:01again.
39:44:03He had $1,036
39:44:07left.
39:44:24>> Did he wait?
39:44:31No.
39:44:33He did not wait.
39:44:37Did he send the whole commission
39:44:40or half of it?
39:44:48He sent his salesman the whole
39:44:52commission.
39:44:54How much money did he have left?
39:44:58[clears throat]
39:45:06He had
39:45:08$1,036
39:45:12left.
39:45:14>> All right, back to the story.
39:45:17>> You might say this is the end of the
39:45:20story.
39:45:22A man tried
39:45:24and he lost almost everything.
39:45:40Look closer.
39:45:44He still had the thing that mattered
39:45:47most.
39:45:49The exact offer from those hard years.
39:46:13speaking skills.
39:46:15>> Did he lose almost everything?
39:46:26Yes,
39:46:28he lost almost everything.
39:46:32Did he still have the exact offer or a
39:46:37new idea?
39:46:46He still had the exact offer from those
39:46:51hard years.
39:46:54What mattered most.
39:47:05The exact offer from those hard years
39:47:10mattered most.
39:47:13I'm super proud of you.
39:47:18>> Days later, he began to fill other
39:47:21people's gyms with new members
39:47:24using that offer.
39:47:37The business was called Jim Launch.
39:47:43Soon gym owners across the country
39:47:47wanted his help.
39:48:03Awesome.
39:48:09Did he fill other people's gyms
39:48:13with new members?
39:48:24Yes,
39:48:26he filled other people's gyms with new
39:48:31members.
39:48:34Was the business called Jim Launch
39:48:38or Jim Chain?
39:48:48The business was called Jim Launch.
39:48:55Who wanted his help?
39:49:05gym owners across the country wanted his
39:49:09help.
39:49:16>> The hard season often teaches you the
39:49:21exact thing others will pay for.
39:49:34You know this feeling?
39:49:38Your English feels slow
39:49:41and your progress feels small.
39:50:00Let's jump into it.
39:50:02>> Does the hard season teach you
39:50:05something?
39:50:15Yes,
39:50:17it teaches you [snorts] the exact thing
39:50:21others will pay for.
39:50:25Does your progress feel big or small?
39:50:35Your progress feels small.
39:50:40How does your English feel?
39:50:49Your English [sighs and gasps] feels
39:50:51slow.
39:50:56>> That's great.
39:51:00>> Maybe you have studied alone at might
39:51:05and nobody has seen your progress.
39:51:11Every problem you solved there was a
39:51:16lesson.
39:51:31When English feels hard, say aloud what
39:51:36you just learned as if teaching a
39:51:39friend.
39:51:52Let's jump into it.
39:51:55>> Has anybody seen your progress?
39:52:06No,
39:52:08nobody has seen your progress.
39:52:12Have you studied alone or with friends?
39:52:23Maybe you have studied alone
39:52:26at night.
39:52:28What was every problem you solved?
39:52:41Every problem you solved was a lesson.
39:52:55Today, millions of people have heard his
39:52:59lessons.
39:53:02Once
39:53:04he worked on a tiny chair among the
39:53:07grandchildren's toys,
39:53:24your hard season is a classroom, too.
39:53:30One day someone may want to learn from
39:53:34it.
39:53:54Let's jump into it.
39:53:57Have millions of people heard his
39:54:00lessons.
39:54:10Yes.
39:54:12Millions of people have heard his
39:54:15lessons.
39:54:18Did he work on a tiny chair or a big
39:54:22chair?
39:54:32He worked on a tiny chair among the
39:54:36grandchildren's toys.
39:54:39What is your hard season?
39:54:48Your hard season is a classroom, too.
39:55:00The grammar we practiced today. Present
39:55:04perfect versus past simple. Today,
39:55:08millions of people have watched Alex
39:55:10Hormos's videos and read his business
39:55:13books.
39:55:17He has built big companies
39:55:22years before he opened a gym.
39:55:27Slowly he built a chain of six gyms.
39:55:37Congratulations.
39:55:38You practiced 390 words in this story
39:55:42and you learned a lot.
39:55:46Awesome. Wonderful. Beautiful.
39:56:06That's That's super great.
39:56:10Radical cander.
39:56:14Radical
39:56:15cander.
39:56:26fority.
39:57:01Why didn't you tell me?
39:57:04>> Why didn't you tell me? From the book
39:57:07Radical Cander by Kim Scott.
39:57:11Pleasant
39:57:14colleague
39:57:16harm
39:57:18empathy
39:57:20classmate
39:57:22clearly
39:57:25kindly
39:57:27honesty
39:57:29criticism
39:57:32unfair.
39:57:35Bob was a problem.
39:57:39Not a loud problem,
39:57:44a quiet one.
39:57:59He worked at a small company that Kim
39:58:02Scott led.
39:58:05Bob is not his real name.
39:58:34>> [laughter]
39:58:37>> was Bob a loud problem.
39:58:46No,
39:58:48he was a quiet problem.
39:58:53Did he work at a small company or a big
39:58:58company?
39:59:06He worked at a small company that Kim
39:59:10Scott led.
39:59:13Who led the company?
39:59:21Kim Scott led the company.
39:59:29>> Kim liked working with him.
39:59:32He was pleasant and his colleagues liked
39:59:35him too.
39:59:47There was one problem.
39:59:50His work was very poor.
40:00:03Awesome.
40:00:09Was he pleasant?
40:00:19Yes,
40:00:21he was pleasant and his colleagues liked
40:00:25him too.
40:00:27Was his work very good or very poor?
40:00:37His work was very [snorts]
40:00:40poor.
40:00:42Who liked him too?
40:00:49His colleagues liked him too.
40:00:55That's great.
40:00:59>> Kim saw it.
40:01:01Every time he showed her his work, she
40:01:05saw the mistakes.
40:01:17But she did not want to hurt him. So she
40:01:21spoke kindly instead.
40:01:39>> Did Kim see the mistakes?
40:01:50Yes.
40:01:53Every time he showed her his work, she
40:01:56saw the mistakes.
40:01:59Did she speak kindly
40:02:02or angrily?
40:02:08She spoke kindly.
40:02:13What did she not want to do?
40:02:22She did not want to hurt him.
40:02:32>> She told him the work was fine.
40:02:37She gave him praise
40:02:40instead of criticism.
40:02:54for 10 months. The same thing happened.
40:03:00Poor work, then kind words.
40:03:08Awesome.
40:03:17Wait, let's go.
40:03:21>> Did she give him criticism?
40:03:32No,
40:03:34she gave him praise instead of
40:03:37criticism.
40:03:39Did it happen for 10 months
40:03:42or for 10 days?
40:03:51The same thing happened for 10 months.
40:03:57How long did the same thing happen?
40:04:06For 10 months, the same thing happened.
40:04:16>> Look at that picture.
40:04:18A boss who never shouted and never made
40:04:22anyone feel small.
40:04:35It looks like good leadership.
40:04:40For months it looked that way to
40:04:44everyone.
40:05:00Let's jump into it.
40:05:02>> Did the boss ever shout?
40:05:14No.
40:05:17She was a boss who never shouted.
40:05:22Did it look like good leadership or bad
40:05:27leadership?
40:05:33It looked like good leadership.
40:05:38How long did it look that way to
40:05:41everyone?
40:05:48For months it looked that way to
40:05:51everyone.
40:05:54>> Well done.
40:05:58>> Slowly his weak work began to do real
40:06:03harm to the whole team.
40:06:17The rest of the team was paying the
40:06:19price.
40:06:22It was unfair to them
40:06:25and they were becoming unhappy.
40:06:47Did his weak work do harm to the team?
40:07:01Yes,
40:07:03his weak work began to do real harm to
40:07:07the whole team.
40:07:11Was it fair or unfair to the team?
40:07:20It was unfair to them.
40:07:24Who was paying the price?
40:07:31The rest of the team was paying the
40:07:34price.
40:07:37>> Fabulous. Let's keep it up.
40:07:40>> Kim had to do the hardest thing a boss
40:07:45can do.
40:07:48She had to fire Bob.
40:08:04She sat down with him and explained.
40:08:09He looked at her and asked a simple
40:08:13question.
40:08:34Did Kim have to fire Bob?
40:08:42>> Yes, she had to fire Bob.
40:08:47Did he ask a simple question or a long
40:08:52question?
40:08:58He asked a simple question.
40:09:03What did Kim do with him?
40:09:10She sat down with him and explained
40:09:16shift.
40:09:21Why didn't you tell me?
40:09:24Then he asked, "Why didn't anyone tell
40:09:28me?
40:09:39Two short questions
40:09:42and the whole story turned around.
40:10:05Did Bob ask, "Why didn't you tell me?"
40:10:19Yes.
40:10:21He asked, "Why didn't you tell me?"
40:10:27Did he ask two questions or 10
40:10:31questions?
40:10:39He asked two short questions.
40:10:44What turned around?
40:10:53The whole story turned around.
40:11:02>> What could Kim say?
40:11:07She had seen the problem for months, and
40:11:10she had never told him.
40:11:28For 10 months, those pleasant words felt
40:11:32good.
40:11:34They felt good to Kim
40:11:37and they felt good to Bob.
40:11:58Had Kim seen the problem
40:12:01for months?
40:12:12Yes.
40:12:14She had seen the problem for months.
40:12:20Did the words feel good to Kim or only
40:12:24to Bob?
40:12:32They felt good to Kim
40:12:35and they felt good to Bob.
40:12:39How long did those pleasant words feel
40:12:42good
40:12:50for 10 months? Those pleasant words felt
40:12:56good.
40:13:02>> Kind words without honesty took away his
40:13:05chance to improve.
40:13:09Nobody told him clearly. So he never
40:13:14fixed his work.
40:13:30The most pleasant boss in the company
40:13:33did him the most harm.
40:13:39It was unfair to Bob, too.
40:14:03Did kind words without honesty help him
40:14:07improve?
40:14:17No.
40:14:20Kind words without honesty
40:14:23took away his chance to improve.
40:14:28Did the most pleasant boss do him the
40:14:32most good or the most harm?
40:14:42The most pleasant boss did him the most
40:14:46harm.
40:14:48Who told him clearly?
40:14:55Nobody told him clearly.
40:15:04In her book, Radical Cander, Kim gives
40:15:08this mistake a name,
40:15:11ruinous empathy.
40:15:27This empathy cares about feelings so
40:15:30much that it hides the truth someone
40:15:35needs.
40:15:50Let's jump into it.
40:15:53Does Kim give this mistake a name?
40:16:05Yes.
40:16:07Kim gives this mistake a name.
40:16:11Ruinous
40:16:13empathy.
40:16:15Does this empathy hide the truth or tell
40:16:20the truth?
40:16:28This empathy hides the truth someone
40:16:33needs.
40:16:35What does this empathy care about so
40:16:39much?
40:16:45It cares about feelings so much.
40:16:55Think of a colleague or a classmate.
40:17:01Since last month, you have seen the same
40:17:05small mistake in their work.
40:17:23Give them one piece of criticism
40:17:26kindly and clearly with one example.
40:17:51Have you seen the same small mistake
40:17:55since last month?
40:18:06Yes.
40:18:09Since last month, you have seen the same
40:18:13small mistake in their work.
40:18:18Should you give criticism
40:18:21kindly
40:18:23or angrily?
40:18:33Give them one piece of criticism
40:18:37kindly
40:18:38and clearly.
40:18:42Since when have you seen the mistake?
40:18:52You have seen it since last month.
40:19:06>> Then ask your classmate or colleague to
40:19:10do the same for you.
40:19:13Remember
40:19:21this.
40:19:23Silence feels kind today
40:19:28and honesty is kind tomorrow.
40:19:48Final round.
40:19:54Should you ask your classmate to do the
40:19:58same?
40:20:07Yes.
40:20:10Ask your classmate or colleague to do
40:20:14the same for you.
40:20:17Is honesty kind today
40:20:21or tomorrow?
40:20:29Honesty is kind tomorrow.
40:20:34What feels kind today?
40:20:44Silence
40:20:45feels kind today.
40:20:55The grammar we practice today for since
40:21:00for 10 months the same thing happened
40:21:05for months. It looked that way to
40:21:07everyone.
40:21:11She had seen the problem for months, and
40:21:13she had never told him.
40:21:17For 10 months, those pleasant words felt
40:21:21good.
40:21:28Congratulations.
40:21:30You practiced 373
40:21:33words in this story, and you learned a
40:21:36lot.
40:21:38Fabulous integrate.
40:22:10That was it.
40:22:14I I really really appreciate you
40:22:17practicing your English and learning
40:22:19something new.
40:22:22The snowball
40:22:33comes
40:22:46like snowball.
40:22:54Oh my god.
40:22:56Warren Buffett.
40:23:17$100.
40:23:20>> $100
40:23:22from the book The Snowball by Alice
40:23:25Schroeder.
40:23:28Report.
40:23:30Partnership.
40:23:32Capital.
40:23:34Ordinary,
40:23:37aunt,
40:23:39[clears throat] banker,
40:23:41husband,
40:23:44sister,
40:23:46reliable,
40:23:48reputation.
40:23:52A young man sits at a dinner table
40:23:56in a quiet American city.
40:24:08It is 1956
40:24:12and he is only 25.
40:24:17Tonight he is going to ask seven people
40:24:21to trust him.
40:24:48Is he going to ask seven people
40:24:53to trust him?
40:25:03Yes.
40:25:06Tonight he is going to ask seven people
40:25:10to trust him.
40:25:14Is he 25
40:25:18or 50?
40:25:27He is [clears throat] only 25.
40:25:32Where does the young man sit?
40:25:42He sits at a dinner table in a quiet
40:25:46American city.
40:25:54Seven people sit around him.
40:25:58his sister and her husband, an aunt, his
40:26:03wife's father, and friends.
40:26:21They are not rich bankers.
40:26:25They are ordinary people who know he is
40:26:28reliable.
40:26:48Are they rich bankers?
40:26:58No,
40:27:00they are not rich bankers.
40:27:04Is his sister there with her husband
40:27:09or alone?
40:27:17His sister and her husband sit around
40:27:21him.
40:27:23What do these ordinary people know?
40:27:32They know he is reliable.
40:27:41He is going to start a small investment
40:27:44partnership
40:27:46and he wants them to join.
40:28:00A partnership is a group that puts money
40:28:03together and shares the results.
40:28:24Is he going to start a partnership?
40:28:37Yes,
40:28:39he is going to start a small investment
40:28:43partnership.
40:28:45Does a partnership
40:28:47share the results
40:28:50or keep them?
40:28:58A partnership
40:29:00shares the results.
40:29:04What is a partnership?
40:29:16A partnership is a group that puts money
40:29:19together and shares the results.
40:29:29He will choose the companies.
40:29:33They will share the profits and he will
40:29:37take a part.
40:29:50At that dinner, he tells them his rules.
40:29:55He will not tell them what he buys.
40:30:14Will he choose the companies?
40:30:24>> Yes,
40:30:26he will choose the companies.
40:30:31Will he tell them what he buys
40:30:35or keep it quiet?
40:30:43He will not tell them what he buys.
40:30:49What will they share?
40:30:55They will share the prophets.
40:31:02That's great.
40:31:05They will get a report once a year.
40:31:10They must trust him and he must earn it.
40:31:30How much money do the seven put in
40:31:35together?
40:31:36about $15,000.
40:32:03Will they get a report every week?
40:32:15No,
40:32:18they will get a report
40:32:20once a year.
40:32:24Must he earn their trust
40:32:28or buy it?
40:32:36He must earn it.
40:32:40How much money do the seven put in?
40:32:51The seven put in about $15,000.
40:32:59>> That's amazing.
40:33:02>> How much does he put in himself?
40:33:07Just $100.
40:33:21His real capital, the thing he starts
40:33:24with, is something else.
40:33:30He studied companies for years with a
40:33:32famous teacher.
40:33:52Does he put in a lot of money himself?
40:34:03No.
40:34:05He puts in just $100.
40:34:10Is his real capital money
40:34:14or something else?
40:34:22His real capital
40:34:25is something else.
40:34:28Who did he study companies with?
40:34:39He studied companies for years with a
40:34:43famous teacher.
40:34:46>> All right, back to the story.
40:34:49>> He worked for that teacher in New York.
40:34:55When the teacher retired,
40:34:58he came home
40:35:13He did not wait for a perfect time.
40:35:18He started that year.
40:35:35Did he wait for a perfect time?
40:35:46No,
40:35:48he did not wait for a perfect time.
40:35:53Did he work for the teacher in New York
40:35:57or in Chicago?
40:36:05He worked for that teacher in New York.
40:36:11When did he start?
40:36:17He started that year. His
40:36:27partnership was small.
40:36:31He read reports day and night.
40:36:44Year after year the partnership grew
40:36:48and so did his reputation.
40:36:53More people ask to join.
40:37:11>> Now it's your turn. Answer the
40:37:14questions.
40:37:16>> Did he read reports day and night?
40:37:27Yes,
40:37:29he read reports day and night.
40:37:34Did his reputation grow or stay small?
40:37:47The partnership grew
40:37:50and so did his reputation.
40:37:54Who asked to join?
40:38:01More people asked to join.
40:38:10In time, bankers and ordinary families
40:38:15traveled to his city
40:38:17to hear him.
40:38:21[snorts and clears throat]
40:38:31to his sister, her husband and his aunt.
40:38:36He was only family.
40:38:40Today almost everyone knows his name.
40:39:04Can
40:39:07>> did bankers travel to his city
40:39:10to hear him?
40:39:21Yes.
40:39:23Bankers and ordinary families travel to
40:39:26his city to hear him.
40:39:29to his aunt.
40:39:32Was he family
40:39:35or a famous man?
40:39:39[clears throat]
40:39:45To his aunt,
40:39:47he was only family.
40:39:51Who knows his name today?
40:40:01Today almost everyone knows his name.
40:40:11>> The young man at that table was Warren
40:40:15Buffett.
40:40:23He was not poor.
40:40:26He had saved money for years,
40:40:31but he put in only $100
40:40:35of his own.
40:40:52Let's jump into it. Was the young man
40:40:57Warren Buffett?
40:41:08Yes.
40:41:10The young man at that table was Warren
40:41:14Buffett.
40:41:16Was he poor
40:41:19or had he saved money?
40:41:31He was not poor.
40:41:35He had saved money for years.
40:41:40How much of his own money did he put in?
40:41:50He put in only $100 of his own.
40:42:00>> The rest of his part was his skill
40:42:05and the trust of seven people.
40:42:18Your first capital is skill and trust,
40:42:24not money.
40:42:39Uh,
40:42:43>> is your first capital
40:42:46money?
40:42:55No.
40:42:57Your first capital is skill and trust,
40:43:03not money.
40:43:05Was the rest of his part skill
40:43:09or money?
40:43:19The rest of his part was his skill and
40:43:23the trust of seven people.
40:43:28Whose trust did he have?
40:43:36He had the trust of seven people.
40:43:45>> You may think your start is too small.
40:43:49You may say, "I'm going to start next
40:43:53year.
40:44:05Look again.
40:44:08Your capital is not only money.
40:44:12It is your skill and your reputation.
40:44:32Great.
40:44:36Do you think your start is too small?
40:44:50Yes.
40:44:53You may think your start is too small.
40:44:58Is your capital only money
40:45:02or your skill and reputation.
40:45:14Your capital is your skill and your
40:45:19reputation.
40:45:21What may you say?
40:45:31You may say I am going to start next
40:45:35year.
40:45:38>> That's amazing.
40:45:41Let's jump into
40:45:43this week. Grow both.
40:45:48Learn one useful thing in English and
40:45:52keep one promise to someone.
40:46:11Small promises kept again and again make
40:46:15you reliable.
40:46:19That is how people learn to trust you.
40:46:38Final round.
40:46:44Will small promises make you reliable?
40:46:57Yes.
40:47:00Small promises kept again and again make
40:47:05you reliable.
40:47:08Will you learn one useful thing or 10
40:47:12things this week?
40:47:21This week learn one useful thing in
40:47:25English.
40:47:27What will people learn?
40:47:35People will learn to trust you.
40:47:46The grammar we practice today will
40:47:50versus going to. Tonight he is going to
40:47:54ask seven people to trust him.
40:47:59He is going to start a small investment
40:48:01partnership and he wants them to join.
40:48:06He will choose the companies.
40:48:11They will share the profits and he will
40:48:14take a part.
40:48:22Congratulations.
40:48:23You practiced 391
40:48:26words in this story and you learned a
40:48:29lot.
40:48:52That's amazing. That's that's such a
40:48:54beautiful opportunity.
40:49:01The power of habit.
40:49:14The plan for anger.
40:49:18>> The plan for anger
40:49:20from the book The Power of Habit by
40:49:23Charles Duhig.
40:49:26Trainer.
40:49:29Automatic.
40:49:31Anger.
40:49:33Freeze.
40:49:36Willpower.
40:49:38Practice
40:49:40quick
40:49:42out loud.
40:49:45React
40:49:47calmly.
40:49:50At 25,
40:49:53Travis Leachch was the manager of two
40:49:56busy Starbucks coffee shops.
40:50:11About 40 people worked for him.
40:50:16He spoke calmly to angry customers and
40:50:20was patient with new workers.
40:50:38Awesome.
40:50:44Okay, let's go.
40:50:46>> Was Travis the manager of two coffee
40:50:50shops?
40:51:00Yes.
40:51:03At 25, Travis Leachch was the manager of
40:51:07two busy Starbucks coffee shops.
40:51:12Did he speak calmly
40:51:16or angrily to angry customers?
40:51:25He spoke calmly to angry customers.
40:51:31How many people worked for him?
40:51:40About 40 people worked for him.
40:51:48Let's jump into
40:51:52Let's keep it up.
40:51:54When you see him like this, you might
40:51:57think he was always calm.
40:52:02He was not.
40:52:20It starts with a boy from a hard home.
40:52:26His parents had serious problems and
40:52:29life was never steady.
40:52:47Awesome.
40:52:52Was he always calm?
40:53:04>> No,
40:53:06he was not always calm.
40:53:11Was his home easy
40:53:14or hard?
40:53:21He was a boy from a hard home.
40:53:26What kind of problems did his parents
40:53:29have?
40:53:36His parents had serious problems.
40:53:45He left high school at 16.
40:53:49He had very little help and a very quick
40:53:53temper.
40:54:06He found jobs
40:54:08and then he lost them.
40:54:12When a customer was rude, he sometimes
40:54:15reacted with anger and shouted back.
40:54:40Did he have a quick temper?
40:54:50Yes,
40:54:52he had a very quick temper.
40:54:57Did he react with anger or with a smile?
40:55:10He sometimes reacted with anger and
40:55:15shouted back.
40:55:18When did he leave high school?
40:55:26He left high school at 16.
40:55:32>> All [clears throat] right, back to the
40:55:33story.
40:55:35Then he got a job at Starbucks.
40:55:40The company did something that surprised
40:55:42him.
40:55:54It did not only teach him to make
40:55:56coffee,
40:55:58it trained his willpower.
40:56:17Did the company surprise him?
40:56:28Yes,
40:56:30the company did something that surprised
40:56:33him.
40:56:35Did he get a job at Starbucks
40:56:39or at a bank?
40:56:45He got a job at Starbucks.
40:56:50What did the company train?
40:56:58It trained his willpower.
40:57:04>> That's great.
40:57:08>> New workers wrote small plans for hard
40:57:12moments.
40:57:15If a customer shouts at me,
40:57:19what will I do?
40:57:35One plan had five simple steps.
40:57:40Listen.
40:57:43Say you understand.
40:57:46Fix the problem.
40:57:49Thank the customer.
40:57:53Explain what went wrong.
40:58:13How
40:58:17did new workers write plans
40:58:22for hard moments?
40:58:32Yes.
40:58:35New workers wrote small plans for hard
40:58:40moments.
40:58:43If a customer shouts, will the worker
40:58:47shout back or follow the plan?
40:58:59If a customer shouts,
40:59:02the worker will listen
40:59:05and fix the problem.
40:59:08How many steps did one plan have?
40:59:18One plan had five simple steps.
40:59:24That's amazing.
40:59:28With a trainer, workers practiced these
40:59:31steps out loud
40:59:34until they became
40:59:37automatic.
40:59:54You might say this is too simple.
40:59:59A person does not need a trainer to
41:00:02react well.
41:00:21Let's jump into it.
41:00:23Did workers practice the steps with a
41:00:27trainer?
41:00:37Yes.
41:00:39With a trainer, workers practiced these
41:00:42steps out loud.
41:00:46Did the steps become automatic
41:00:50or hard?
41:00:57The steps became automatic.
41:01:02What might you say about this?
41:01:11You might say this is too simple.
41:01:17>> I'm super proud of you.
41:01:22He did need it.
41:01:26When he felt the anger rising,
41:01:31the plan was already [sighs and gasps]
41:01:32waiting for him.
41:01:48He did not have to find his calm in that
41:01:52quick hot moment.
41:01:55He only had to follow the steps.
41:02:16Now it's your turn. Answer the
41:02:19questions.
41:02:20>> Did he feel the anger rising?
41:02:33Yes.
41:02:36When he felt the anger rising,
41:02:39the plan was already waiting for him.
41:02:44Did he have to find his calm
41:02:49or follow the steps?
41:02:57He only had to follow the steps.
41:03:02What was waiting for him?
41:03:11The plan was already waiting for him.
41:03:23>> Slowly the steps became a habit.
41:03:28The habit made him a different kind of
41:03:32worker.
41:03:45He stopped losing jobs.
41:03:49He started to earn trust.
41:03:54Then he started to lead others.
41:04:20Did the steps become a habit?
41:04:32Yes.
41:04:35Slowly the steps became a habit.
41:04:41Did he start to lose trust
41:04:45or earn trust?
41:04:53He started to earn trust.
41:04:58What did he stop losing?
41:05:06He stopped losing
41:05:09jobs.
41:05:11>> Congratulations. Let's keep going.
41:05:15>> Willpower is not only something you are
41:05:18born with.
41:05:21Someone can teach it to you like any
41:05:26skill.
41:05:41Think about your hardest moment in
41:05:44English.
41:05:47If someone speaks fast, you may freeze.
41:06:14If someone speaks fast,
41:06:18may you freeze.
41:06:28Yes.
41:06:31If someone speaks fast,
41:06:35you may freeze.
41:06:38Are you only born with willpower
41:06:43or can someone teach it?
41:06:52Someone can teach it to you like any
41:06:56skill.
41:06:58What should you think about?
41:07:08Think about your hardest moment in
41:07:12English.
41:07:20Write a plan for that moment.
41:07:25If they speak fast, I will not freeze.
41:07:31I will ask them to repeat it.
41:07:48If I make a mistake,
41:07:51I will smile and say the sentence again
41:07:56calmly.
41:08:09Awesome.
41:08:12If they speak fast, will you freeze?
41:08:26No.
41:08:28If they speak fast, I will not freeze.
41:08:33If I make a mistake, will I smile or
41:08:38shout?
41:08:44If I make a mistake, I will smile.
41:08:50How will I say the sentence again?
41:09:00I will say the sentence again
41:09:03calmly.
41:09:06>> Well done.
41:09:09coming.
41:09:11>> If you practice the plan out loud,
41:09:15it will become
41:09:17automatic.
41:09:29Now go back to the first line.
41:09:3425 years old, two coffee shops, 40
41:09:39people.
41:09:57If you practice the plan out loud, will
41:10:01it become automatic?
41:10:12Yes.
41:10:14If you practice the plan out loud, it
41:10:17will become automatic.
41:10:21Should you go back to the first line or
41:10:25the last line?
41:10:32Go back to the first line.
41:10:37How old was he in the first line?
41:10:46He was 25 years old.
41:10:52>> All right.
41:10:57That line began with a boy who shouted
41:11:02and a small plan on paper.
41:11:17Your English story can begin the same
41:11:20way.
41:11:23One hard moment
41:11:26and one small plan on paper.
41:11:46Final round.
41:11:52Did that line begin with a boy who
41:11:55shouted?
41:12:05Yes.
41:12:07It began with a boy who shouted
41:12:11and a small plan on paper.
41:12:15Can your English story begin the same
41:12:20way
41:12:21or a different way?
41:12:30Your English story can begin the same
41:12:35way.
41:12:37What do you need on paper?
41:12:47You need one small plan on paper.
41:13:00The grammar we practice today. First
41:13:03conditional. If a customer shouts at me,
41:13:06what will I do?
41:13:10If someone speaks fast, you may freeze.
41:13:16If they speak fast, I will not freeze.
41:13:21If I make a mistake, I will smile and
41:13:24say the sentence again calmly.
41:13:34Congratulations.
41:13:35You practiced 391
41:13:38words in this story and you learned a
41:13:41lot.
41:13:43Super proud of you.
41:13:55This is great. Let's keep it up.
41:13:59Ego is the enemy.
41:14:03for
41:14:28words.
41:14:40The office phone.
41:14:42>> The office phone from the book ego is
41:14:46the enemy by Ryan Holiday.
41:14:50Standard
41:14:52performance.
41:14:55Professional
41:14:57dress.
41:15:00Exciting.
41:15:02Scoreboard.
41:15:04Take care of
41:15:07discipline.
41:15:09Responsibility.
41:15:12Excellence.
41:15:16ring.
41:15:19A phone was ringing
41:15:22in a football office in San Francisco.
41:15:39Someone answered it.
41:15:43That sounds like nothing.
41:15:46But for one man, it was not nothing.
41:16:09Was
41:16:16a phone ringing in a football office?
41:16:28Yes.
41:16:30A phone was ringing in a football office
41:16:35in San Francisco.
41:16:39Did someone answer it or leave it?
41:16:47Someone answered it.
41:16:51What does that sound like?
41:16:58That sounds like nothing.
41:17:07His name was Bill Walsh.
41:17:13In 1979,
41:17:15he became the head coach of the San
41:17:18Francisco 49ers.
41:17:35The team was the worst in American
41:17:38football.
41:17:41The year before it won only two games.
41:18:04Did Bill Walsh become the head coach?
41:18:16Yes,
41:18:18he became the head coach of the San
41:18:21Francisco
41:18:2349ers.
41:18:26Was the team the best or the worst?
41:18:37The team was the worst in American
41:18:40football.
41:18:42How many games did it win the year
41:18:45before?
41:18:54The year before it won only two games.
41:19:02That's great.
41:19:06>> The players were losing and nobody
41:19:09expected much from them.
41:19:19Many new coaches start with big plans
41:19:22and big speeches.
41:19:26Walsh started with small things.
41:19:47Did anybody expect much from the
41:19:50players?
41:19:58No.
41:20:00Nobody expected much from them.
41:20:04Did Walsh start with big speeches
41:20:08or small things.
41:20:17Walsh started with small things.
41:20:22What do many new coaches start with?
41:20:35Many new coaches start with big plans
41:20:39and big speeches.
41:20:43>> I'm super proud of you.
41:20:48>> Ryan Holiday writes about this in Ego is
41:20:52the Enemy.
41:20:55Walsh called it his standard of
41:20:59performance.
41:21:15It was a set of rules for excellence.
41:21:20Everyone had a responsibility,
41:21:23not only the players.
41:21:44Did Walsh call it his standard of
41:21:47performance?
41:21:57Yes.
41:21:59Walsh called it his standard of
41:22:02performance.
41:22:05Was it a set of rules for excellence
41:22:09or for fun?
41:22:17It was a set of rules for excellence
41:22:22who had a responsibility.
41:22:32Everyone had a responsibility,
41:22:35not only the players.
41:22:42It said how to practice and how to
41:22:46dress.
41:22:49Everyone must dress like a professional.
41:23:05Even the office phone must be answered
41:23:09properly.
41:23:12Coaches, players, and office workers all
41:23:16worked to the same high standard.
41:23:39Must everyone dress like a professional?
41:23:51Yes.
41:23:53Everyone must dress like a professional.
41:23:58Must the office phone be answered
41:24:01properly or quickly.
41:24:10The office phone must be answered
41:24:14properly.
41:24:16What standard did everyone work to?
41:24:27They all worked to the same high
41:24:31standard.
41:24:39>> Offices must be clean.
41:24:44Small details must be right every day.
41:25:02Why would a football coach worry about
41:25:05phones and clean desks?
41:25:10It looked like a small idea.
41:25:35Must offices be clean?
41:25:45Yes.
41:25:47Offices must be clean.
41:25:51Must small details be right every day or
41:25:56once a week.
41:26:04Small details must be right every day.
41:26:10What did it look like?
41:26:19It looked like a small idea.
41:26:29>> And in his first season,
41:26:32the results did [clears throat] not
41:26:34change.
41:26:36The team won only two games
41:26:40again.
41:26:56A whole year of work on small things
41:27:00and the scoreboard showed nothing.
41:27:19Did the results change in his first
41:27:22season?
41:27:29No, the results did not change.
41:27:34Did the scoreboard show nothing or a big
41:27:39win?
41:27:46The scoreboard showed nothing.
41:27:50How many games did the team win again?
41:28:01The team won only two games again.
41:28:11>> A weaker leader might stop there and
41:28:15look for something new and exciting.
41:28:28Walsh did not stop.
41:28:32With quiet discipline, he took care of
41:28:36the small things day after day.
41:28:54Awesome.
41:29:00Did Walsh stop?
41:29:09>> No,
41:29:11Walsh did not stop.
41:29:15Might a weaker leader look for something
41:29:18exciting
41:29:20or something small?
41:29:29A weaker leader might look for something
41:29:32new and exciting.
41:29:35What did he take care of?
41:29:45With quiet discipline, he took care of
41:29:49the small things.
41:29:57He believed that when the work was
41:30:00right, the score would take care of
41:30:03itself.
41:30:15Slowly the players began to act like
41:30:18professionals with real discipline.
41:30:23They started to trust the system.
41:30:45Speaking skills.
41:30:48Did he believe the score would take care
41:30:51of itself?
41:31:02Yes.
41:31:05He believed the score would take care of
41:31:09itself.
41:31:12Did the players act like professionals
41:31:16or like beginners?
41:31:24The players began to act like
41:31:28professionals.
41:31:31What did they start to trust?
41:31:39They started to trust the system.
41:31:49>> In his second season, the team's
41:31:52performance was better.
41:31:56It was still not [cheering] a winning
41:31:58team.
41:32:10Then came the third season.
41:32:14The 49ers won the Super Bowl, the
41:32:18biggest prize in American [cheering]
41:32:20football.
41:32:39is speaking.
41:32:42>> Was the team's performance better in his
41:32:46second season?
41:32:56Yes.
41:32:58In his second season, the team's
41:33:01performance was better.
41:33:05Did they win the Super Bowl in the third
41:33:08season or the first?
41:33:19The 49ers won the Super Bowl in the
41:33:24third season.
41:33:27What is the Super Bowl?
41:33:37It is the biggest prize in American
41:33:41football.
41:33:49>> From the worst team to champions in only
41:33:54three seasons.
41:33:58At last, the scoreboard showed the work.
41:34:17People remember the exciting win.
41:34:22They forget the phones
41:34:25and the clean offices.
41:34:49Did the scoreboard show the work
41:34:53at last?
41:35:03Yes.
41:35:06At last the scoreboard showed the work.
41:35:12Do people remember the exciting win
41:35:17or the phones?
41:35:26People remember the exciting win.
41:35:31What do people forget?
41:35:42They forget the phones
41:35:45and the clean offices.
41:35:52ring.
41:35:55That phone was never a small thing.
41:36:01It was the whole idea.
41:36:18Big results do not start big.
41:36:23They start with how you do small things.
41:36:28When nobody is watching,
41:36:49was that phone a small thing?
41:37:01No,
41:37:03that phone was never a small thing.
41:37:08Do big results start big or small.
41:37:19Big results do not start big.
41:37:24What was the phone?
41:37:32It was the whole idea.
41:37:37That's amazing.
41:37:40Let's jump into it and come.
41:37:43>> You mustn't wait for a big day to start.
41:37:49Excellence is a daily responsibility.
41:38:07What is the office phone in your
41:38:11English?
41:38:20Final round.
41:38:25Is excellence a daily responsibility?
41:38:38Yes,
41:38:41excellence is a daily responsibility.
41:38:47Must you start today
41:38:51or wait for a big day?
41:39:01You mustn't wait for a big day to start.
41:39:06What question does the story ask you?
41:39:17What is the office phone in your
41:39:20English? [clears throat]
41:39:29The grammar we practice today mustn't.
41:39:34Everyone must dress like a professional.
41:39:39Even the office phone must be answered
41:39:41properly.
41:39:44Offices must be clean.
41:39:49Small details must be right every day.
41:39:59Congratulations.
41:40:00You practice 389 words in this story and
41:40:05you learned a lot.
41:40:25TPRS comprehensible input Dr. fashion. A
41:40:28lot of things
41:40:41that's that this is the right way.
41:40:43That's amazing.
41:40:46The ultra learning
41:40:55fordul
41:41:24Four out of five.
41:41:27>> Four out of five. From the book
41:41:30Ultraarning by Scott H. Young.
41:41:35Active.
41:41:38Admit
41:41:40exchange.
41:41:43Aim.
41:41:45Learner.
41:41:47Lunchtime.
41:41:49Center.
41:41:52Vocabulary.
41:41:53Accent
41:41:57fluency.
41:42:00Lunchtime
41:42:02in Paris.
41:42:05Two young men sit in a small Italian
41:42:09restaurant.
41:42:24One is Scott Young, an exchange student
41:42:28in France.
41:42:31His French is not improving
41:42:35and he feels
41:42:38stuck.
41:42:42Awesome.
41:43:04Is Scott Young an exchange student in
41:43:08France?
41:43:19Yes,
41:43:21Scott Young is an exchange student in
41:43:25France.
41:43:28Is it lunchtime in Paris
41:43:32or in Rome?
41:43:40It is lunchtime
41:43:43in Paris.
41:43:46How does Scott feel about his French?
41:43:58He feels stuck.
41:44:02His French is not improving.
41:44:12The other man is Benny Lewis from
41:44:16Ireland.
41:44:18He speaks French to Scott with real
41:44:22fluency.
41:44:37He was an engineer once.
41:44:41Now he travels from country to country
41:44:44and learns their languages.
41:45:04speaking.
41:45:07Does Benny speak French with real
41:45:11fluency?
41:45:20Yes,
41:45:23he speaks French to Scott with real
41:45:27fluency.
41:45:29Was Benny an engineer
41:45:32or a teacher?
41:45:39He was an engineer once.
41:45:43Where is Benny Lewis from?
41:45:52Benny Lewis is from Ireland.
41:46:01>> Scott describes this lunch from his
41:46:04exchange year near the start of his
41:46:07book, Ultra Learning.
41:46:23The Irishman's lunchtime advice is
41:46:26short.
41:46:28Always have a challenge.
41:46:49Is the Irishman's lunchtime advice long?
41:47:03No.
41:47:05The Irishman's lunchtime advice is
41:47:09short.
41:47:12Is this lunch from Scott's exchange year
41:47:17or from his school days?
41:47:25This lunch is from Scott's exchange
41:47:29year.
41:47:32What is the Irishman's advice?
41:47:44His advice is short.
41:47:47Always have a challenge.
41:47:57As a learner, he gives himself three
41:48:00months in each new country.
41:48:13His normal aim is B2,
41:48:16a strong middle level for easy talk with
41:48:20local people.
41:48:37How
41:48:41as a learner, does he give himself three
41:48:45months in each country?
41:48:56Yes.
41:48:59He gives himself three months in each
41:49:03new country.
41:49:06Is his normal aim B2
41:49:10or C2?
41:49:14His
41:49:18normal aim is B2.
41:49:23What is B2?
41:49:34B2 is a strong middle level for easy
41:49:38talk with local people.
41:49:47Now he is planning his next challenge.
41:49:51This time the language is German.
41:50:07He studied German at school for years,
41:50:12but he still cannot speak it.
41:50:32Is his next challenge French?
41:50:44No.
41:50:46This time the language [sighs and gasps]
41:50:48is
41:50:49German.
41:50:52Did he study German at school or at
41:50:56work?
41:51:04He studied German at school
41:51:08for years.
41:51:12What can he still not do in German?
41:51:21He still cannot
41:51:23speak it.
41:51:32He admits that he cannot even order
41:51:36breakfast
41:51:38in German.
41:51:51Some old vocabulary may still be in his
41:51:55head.
41:51:57Those classes may make German easier
41:52:01than a new language.
41:52:21Let's jump into it.
41:52:24>> Does he admit that he cannot order
41:52:27breakfast in German?
41:52:38Yes,
41:52:40he admits that he cannot even order
41:52:44breakfast in German.
41:52:48May some old vocabulary still be in his
41:52:51head, or is it all gone?
41:53:01Some old vocabulary may still be in his
41:53:05head.
41:53:07What may those school classes do?
41:53:19Those classes may make German easier
41:53:23than a new language.
41:53:27>> Well done.
41:53:31So he changes the goal.
41:53:35He does not want the normal B2
41:53:39this time.
41:53:53He aims for C2,
41:53:57the highest level of all.
41:54:01It means almost full understanding
41:54:07and expert fluency.
41:54:25Now it's your turn. Answer the
41:54:28questions.
41:54:30Does he want the normal B2 this time?
41:54:42No,
41:54:44he does not want the normal B2 this
41:54:47time.
41:54:49Does he aim for C2
41:54:53or for B2?
41:55:02He aims for C2, the highest level of
41:55:06all.
41:55:08What does C2 mean?
41:55:19It means almost full understanding
41:55:24and expert fluency.
41:55:31Let's jump into
41:55:36Let's keep it up.
41:55:38The exam center suggests
41:55:41at least 750
41:55:44hours of classes for this level.
41:56:01He wants to fit the cent's hours into
41:56:06three months,
41:56:10about 8 hours
41:56:13a day.
41:56:34Does the exam center suggest at least
41:56:37750
41:56:39hours?
41:56:49Yes,
41:56:52the exam center suggests at least 750
41:56:57hours of classes.
41:57:01Does he want to fit the cent's hours
41:57:04into 3 months
41:57:06or 3 years?
41:57:15He wants to fit the cent's hours into
41:57:19three months.
41:57:22How many hours a day is that?
41:57:30It is about 8 hours a day.
41:57:408 hours a day might sound
41:57:43impossible.
41:57:46He might even fail the exam.
41:58:04A few months later, the exam is over.
41:58:16>> Let's jump into it.
41:58:19>> Might 8 hours a day sound impossible?
41:58:32Yes,
41:58:358 hours a day might sound impossible.
41:58:40Might he fail the exam
41:58:43or is he sure to pass?
41:58:52He might even fail the exam.
41:58:58What happens a few months later?
41:59:07A few months later,
41:59:10the exam is over.
41:59:18The exam has five parts.
41:59:22He passes four of them
41:59:26and he fails one.
41:59:29Listening.
41:59:45So he misses the top level by a very
41:59:50small amount.
42:00:06Does he pass all five parts?
42:00:18No,
42:00:21he passes four of them
42:00:25and he fails one.
42:00:28Does he fail reading
42:00:31or listening?
42:00:37He fails
42:00:39listening.
42:00:42How does he miss the top level?
42:00:53He misses the top level
42:00:56by a very small amount.
42:01:07He admits his mistake.
42:01:12Too much radio,
42:01:14too little active listening.
42:01:29So did he fail?
42:01:33You might say yes.
42:01:36Yet he came close to the top, far above
42:01:41his B2 aim.
42:02:05Might you say that he failed?
42:02:17Yes,
42:02:18you might say yes.
42:02:23Yet he came close to the top.
42:02:27Was his mistake too much radio
42:02:31or too much reading?
42:02:42His mistake was too much radio
42:02:47and too little active listening.
42:02:52What does he admit?
42:03:03He admits his mistake.
42:03:06Too much radio, too little active
42:03:10listening.
42:03:13>> Fabulous. Let's keep it up.
42:03:16>> A safe goal could not push him that far.
42:03:23full days aimed at a high goal. Did
42:03:41many learners choose a safe go with no
42:03:46date.
42:03:49Some wait for a perfect accent before
42:03:53they speak.
42:04:09Awesome.
42:04:15Could a safe goal pump him that far?
42:04:28No.
42:04:30A safe goal could not push him that far.
42:04:36Do many learners choose a safe goal or a
42:04:41high goal?
42:04:49Many learners choose a safe goal with no
42:04:54date.
42:04:56What do some learners wait for?
42:05:06Some wait for a perfect accent before
42:05:10they speak.
42:05:12All right.
42:05:18Your accent may not be perfect yet, and
42:05:22your vocabulary may be small.
42:05:35Then pick a goal one level above safe
42:05:40and give it active hours every day.
42:05:56You might miss it by a little like
42:06:00Benny.
42:06:02You will still stand far higher than
42:06:06before.
42:06:23Final round.
42:06:28Might you miss your goal by a little?
42:06:40Yes,
42:06:43you might miss it by a little.
42:06:48like Benny.
42:06:51Should you pick a goal above safe or
42:06:54below safe?
42:07:02Pick a goal one level above safe.
42:07:08What may not be perfect yet.
42:07:19Your accent may not be perfect yet
42:07:24and your vocabulary may be small.
42:07:35The grammar we practice today might may.
42:07:39Some old vocabulary may still be in his
42:07:42head.
42:07:45Those classes may make German easier
42:07:48than a new language.
42:07:528 hours a day might sound impossible.
42:07:56He might even fail the exam.
42:08:06Congratulations.
42:08:07You practice 386
42:08:10words in this story and you learned a
42:08:13lot.
42:08:16That's another story in your pocket.
42:08:24And you know, stories stick.
42:08:27Awesome.
42:08:39Blue Ocean Strategy.
42:09:05What
42:09:28Yeah, that's how it works.
42:09:31The 10inut haircut. The 10-minute
42:09:35haircut from the book Blue Ocean
42:09:38Strategy by W.ch Kim and Renee Moour.
42:09:45Towel.
42:09:47Massage.
42:09:49Haircut.
42:09:51Ceiling.
42:09:54Complain.
42:09:56Barber.
42:09:58Traffic.
42:10:00Strategy.
42:10:03shoulder
42:10:05hose.
42:10:08A busy businessman in Tokyo needed a
42:10:12haircut.
42:10:15He was not looking forward to it.
42:10:30In Japan at that time, a man's haircut
42:10:34was a long routine.
42:10:38It took [clears throat] about an hour.
42:10:46Awesome.
42:11:06Did the businessman need a haircut?
42:11:19Yes,
42:11:22a busy [gasps] businessman in Tokyo
42:11:26needed a haircut.
42:11:30Did a haircut take about an hour
42:11:35or about a day?
42:11:40It took about an hour.
42:11:44What was a man's haircut in Japan at
42:11:47that time?
42:11:54A man's haircut was a long routine.
42:12:01Extraordinary. Let's keep it up.
42:12:04>> First came the waiting.
42:12:07Then came hot towels, a shoulder
42:12:11massage,
42:12:12and a cup of tea or coffee.
42:12:30The cutting itself was only a small part
42:12:33of that hour
42:12:36and the price was high.
42:12:52Now it's your turn. Answer the
42:12:55questions.
42:12:57>> Was there a shoulder massage?
42:13:08Yes,
42:13:10there were hot towels and a shoulder
42:13:15massage.
42:13:17Did the hot towels come first
42:13:21or the waiting?
42:13:31First came the waiting,
42:13:35then came hot towels.
42:13:39How was the price?
42:13:45The price was high.
42:13:51coming.
42:13:53>> His name was Kunioshi Konishi.
42:13:58He was not a barber and he had never cut
42:14:02anyone's hair.
42:14:18For him the long routine was not a gift.
42:14:23It was a slow as city traffic.
42:14:47Was Konishi a barber?
42:14:56No,
42:14:58he was not a barber.
42:15:01Was the routine as slow as city traffic
42:15:06or as fast as a train?
42:15:16It was as slow as city traffic.
42:15:22What was the long routine for him?
42:15:32For him the long routine was not a gift.
42:15:45What would you do if you were in his
42:15:48place?
42:15:55Most people would complain
42:15:58or look for a faster barber.
42:16:03Many would simply accept it.
42:16:21Awesome.
42:16:27Would most people complain?
42:16:37Yes,
42:16:40most people would complain.
42:16:44Would they look for a faster barber or a
42:16:48slower one?
42:16:56They would look for a faster barber.
42:17:01What would many people simply do?
42:17:12Many would simply [sighs]
42:17:15accept it.
42:17:18>> That's amazing.
42:17:21>> After all, every barberh shop in the
42:17:24city was as slow as the next.
42:17:37Konishi did something strange
42:17:42in 1996.
42:17:44He opened his own small barber shop in
42:17:48Tokyo.
42:18:05Great.
42:18:09>> Was every barbershop as slow as the
42:18:13next?
42:18:22Yes.
42:18:26Every barber shop in the city was as
42:18:30slow as the next.
42:18:33Did he open a small barber shop
42:18:37or a big hotel?
42:18:47He opened his own small barber shop in
42:18:52Tokyo.
42:18:54When did Konishi open his barberh shop
42:19:06in 1996
42:19:09he opened his own small barber shop.
42:19:17I will get
42:19:19>> his shop removed almost everything,
42:19:25no hot towels,
42:19:28no massage,
42:19:32no tea or coffee.
42:19:49It even removed the hair washing.
42:19:54Instead, a hose from the ceiling pulled
42:19:58away the cut hair.
42:20:17is speaking.
42:20:20Did his shop keep the hot towels?
42:20:32No,
42:20:35his shop removed almost everything,
42:20:40even the hot towels.
42:20:43Did a hose come from the ceiling
42:20:47or from the floor?
42:20:54A hose came from the ceiling.
42:20:59What did the hose do?
42:21:06The hose pulled away the cut hair.
42:21:20The ceiling hose was not as gentle as a
42:21:23warm wash.
42:21:26It was much faster.
42:21:41Outside
42:21:43a light like a traffic light showed when
42:21:47a chair was free.
42:22:01I have your job.
42:22:04>> Was the ceiling hose as gentle as a warm
42:22:08wash?
42:22:18No.
42:22:21The hose was not as gentle as a warm
42:22:25wash.
42:22:27Was the hose faster
42:22:30or slower?
42:22:37It was much faster.
42:22:41What showed when a chair was free?
42:22:51A light like a traffic light showed.
42:22:55When a chair was free,
42:23:03the result,
42:23:07a haircut took about 10 minutes,
42:23:13it was not as expensive as before.
42:23:30Many believe that men wanted the full
42:23:34service.
42:23:37They were wrong.
42:23:57Was the new haircut as expensive as
42:24:01before?
42:24:10No,
42:24:13it was not as expensive as before.
42:24:18Did a haircut take 10 minutes
42:24:23or an hour?
42:24:31A haircut took about 10 minutes.
42:24:37What did many believe?
42:24:49Many believed
42:24:51that men wanted the full service.
42:25:01Men wanted only two things.
42:25:05A cut as good as before
42:25:09and their time back.
42:25:18Customers
42:25:26came in large numbers,
42:25:30and each barber served many more people
42:25:34every hour.
42:25:53speaking skills.
42:25:56>> Did men want to cut as good as before?
42:26:09Yes.
42:26:12Men wanted a cut as good as before
42:26:17and their time back.
42:26:21Did customers come in small numbers
42:26:26or large numbers?
42:26:34Customers came in large numbers.
42:26:39What did each barber do?
42:26:50Each barber served many more people
42:26:54every hour.
42:26:58>> Congratulations. Let's keep going.
42:27:01>> His company was called QB House.
42:27:08It grew to over 200 shops in about 7
42:27:13years.
42:27:28He did not add more.
42:27:32He removed what people did not need.
42:27:36and gave them what they valued.
42:27:49Was
42:28:00his company called QB House?
42:28:14Yes.
42:28:16His company was called QB
42:28:20House.
42:28:22Did he add more or remove what people
42:28:27did not need?
42:28:34He removed what people did not need.
42:28:40How many shops did it grow to?
42:28:49It grew to over 200 shops.
42:28:59>> The book Blue Ocean Strategy
42:29:04uses this shop as an example of a clever
42:29:09strategy.
42:29:24Now think about your English study hour.
42:29:30Maybe you complain that you have no
42:29:33time.
42:29:52Is this shop an example of a clever
42:29:56strategy?
42:30:06Yes.
42:30:08The book uses this shop as an example of
42:30:12a clever strategy.
42:30:15Do you complain about too much time
42:30:20or no time?
42:30:30Maybe you complain that you have no
42:30:34time.
42:30:36Which book uses this shop as an example?
42:30:47The book Blue Ocean Strategy uses this
42:30:51shop.
42:30:54>> All right, back to the story.
42:30:57>> How much of it is the real cut?
42:31:03speaking,
42:31:05listening,
42:31:07and writing your own sentences.
42:31:25And how much is hot towels?
42:31:31A pretty plan,
42:31:34colorful notes,
42:31:36the search for the perfect app.
42:32:00Are color colorful notes part of the
42:32:03real cut?
42:32:13No.
42:32:16Colorful notes are hot towels.
42:32:20Is speaking the real cut
42:32:24or a hot towel.
42:32:32Speaking is the real cut.
42:32:36What is the real cut?
42:32:47The real cut is speaking, listening, and
42:32:51writing your own sentences.
42:32:56>> That's amazing.
42:33:02>> Hot towels feel as nice as a shoulder
42:33:06massage.
42:33:07They also eat your time.
42:33:22tomorrow.
42:33:24Keep the cut.
42:33:27Remove one hot towel and give that time
42:33:32to real practice.
42:33:55Let's jump into it.
42:33:57>> Do hot towels feel as nice as a shoulder
42:34:01massage?
42:34:11Yes,
42:34:14hot towels feel as nice as a shoulder
42:34:17massage.
42:34:19Should you remove one hot towel
42:34:24or all your practice?
42:34:35Remove one hot towel and give that time
42:34:39to real practice.
42:34:42What do hot towels also do?
42:34:51They also eat your time.
42:35:02The grammar we practice today as as it
42:35:07was as slow as city traffic.
42:35:12After all, every barberh shop in the
42:35:14city was as slow as the next.
42:35:20The ceiling hose was not as gentle as a
42:35:22warm wash.
42:35:25It was not as expensive as before.
42:35:35Congratulations.
42:35:37You practiced 391
42:35:40words in this story and you learned a
42:35:43lot.
42:35:45Finished. That's amazing.
42:35:54which is great.
42:36:06That's amazing.
42:36:09Steve Jobs. Oh my god. Steve Jobs.
42:36:28perfection.
42:36:42Unique.
42:36:46It's a nice time to think about
42:36:48innovation.
42:36:51Finished then not
42:36:53>> finished then not from the book Steve
42:36:57Jobs by Walter Isacson.
42:37:01Realize
42:37:04deadline.
42:37:06Polish.
42:37:08Frame.
42:37:11Recording.
42:37:13Paragraph.
42:37:15Design.
42:37:18Case.
42:37:20Prototype.
42:37:22Perfection.
42:37:25This is the story of a phone
42:37:30that was finished
42:37:32and then was not.
42:37:46Walter Isacson describes the moment in
42:37:50his biography of Steve Jobs. Was
42:38:14the phone finished?
42:38:25Yes,
42:38:27the phone was finished
42:38:31and then was not.
42:38:34Is this the story of a phone
42:38:37or a car?
42:38:45H. This is the story of a phone
42:38:51who describes the moment.
42:39:02Walter Isaxson describes the moment in
42:39:06his biography of Steve Jobs.
42:39:12incoming.
42:39:14>> It was before the first iPhone.
42:39:19Apple's designers had worked on it for
42:39:21about 9 months.
42:39:36The prototype was ready.
42:39:40The glass screen sat inside a metal case
42:39:44and the work was almost done.
42:40:09Was the prototype ready?
42:40:19Yes.
42:40:21The prototype was ready.
42:40:25Did the screen sit inside a metal case
42:40:29or a wooden case?
42:40:38The glass screen sat inside a metal
42:40:42case.
42:40:44How long had the designers worked on it?
42:40:54They had worked on it for about 9
42:40:57months.
42:41:05Then one Monday morning, Jobs went to
42:41:09see his chief designer, Johnny IV.
42:41:23He told IV that he did not sleep the
42:41:26night before.
42:41:39Did Jobs sleep the night before?
42:41:50No,
42:41:52he did not sleep the night before.
42:41:56Was it a Monday morning or a Friday
42:42:00night?
42:42:05It was one Monday morning.
42:42:10Who did Jobs go to see?
42:42:20He went to see his chief designer,
42:42:24Johnny IV.
42:42:32The reason was simple.
42:42:36He realized
42:42:38he did not love the design.
42:42:47Imagine
42:42:54you are on that team.
42:42:57You have worked for months and the
42:43:01deadline is close.
42:43:19Did he love the design?
42:43:30No,
42:43:33he realized he did not love the design.
42:43:39Is the deadline close or far?
42:43:48The deadline is close.
42:43:52What did Jobs realize?
42:44:01He realized
42:44:03he did not love the design.
42:44:12The boss says he does not love it.
42:44:17What do you hope he says next?
42:44:30Maybe you hope he says it is good
42:44:33enough. A few small changes and we meet
42:44:37the deadline.
42:44:50Awesome.
42:44:52Let's go.
42:44:54>> Do you hope he says it is good enough?
42:45:06Yes.
42:45:09Maybe you hope he says it is good
42:45:13enough.
42:45:15Do you hope for small changes
42:45:18or a new start?
42:45:26You hope for a few small changes.
42:45:31What does the boss say?
42:45:39The boss says he does not love it.
42:45:44>> That's amazing.
42:45:49>> I've thought about it and realized Jobs
42:45:53was right.
42:46:03The screen was the heart of the phone.
42:46:08The metal case was too strong and fought
42:46:11with the screen for attention.
42:46:33Did I've realized Jobs was right.
42:46:45Yes,
42:46:47I thought about it
42:46:50and realized Jobs was right.
42:46:54Was the metal case too strong or too
42:46:58weak?
42:47:04The metal case was too strong.
42:47:09What was the heart of the phone?
42:47:17The screen was the heart of the phone.
42:47:28The old design was good, but not good
42:47:33enough.
42:47:36They would not polish it.
42:47:39They would start again.
42:47:57Jobs told the team they would all have
42:48:00to work nights and weekends.
42:48:15Step it.
42:48:17>> Was the old design good enough?
42:48:28No.
42:48:30The old design was good, but not good
42:48:35enough.
42:48:37Would they polish the old design or
42:48:41start again?
42:48:50They would not polish it.
42:48:54They would start again.
42:48:58When would the team have to work?
42:49:07They would all have to work nights and
42:49:11weekends.
42:49:14All right, back to the story.
42:49:17>> Nobody could promise there was enough
42:49:19time.
42:49:22The parts inside the phone had to
42:49:25change, too.
42:49:39The new prototype had a thin steel
42:49:42frame.
42:49:44It was thin enough for the glass to
42:49:46reach the edge.
42:50:01Could
42:50:07anybody promise there was enough time?
42:50:19No.
42:50:22Nobody could promise there was enough
42:50:24time.
42:50:27Did the new prototype have a thick frame
42:50:32or a thin frame?
42:50:42The new prototype had a thin steel
42:50:46frame.
42:50:48What was the frame thin enough for?
42:50:59It was thin enough for the glass to
42:51:03reach the edge.
42:51:09That's great.
42:51:12>> The team moved those parts again and
42:51:16again until everything fitted inside
42:51:20that frame.
42:51:33When people picked it up, they did not
42:51:36see a case.
42:51:39They saw only the screen.
42:51:58Let's jump into it.
42:52:00>> Did everything fit inside the frame in
42:52:04the end?
42:52:13Yes.
42:52:15Everything fitted inside that frame.
42:52:22Did people see a case or only the
42:52:26screen?
42:52:32They saw only the screen.
42:52:38What did the team move again and again?
42:52:49The team moved those parts again and
42:52:53again.
42:52:58Let's jump into
42:53:03Let's keep it up.
42:53:05>> In January 2007,
42:53:08Jobs showed the iPhone to the world.
42:53:14>> [applause]
42:53:23>> Good is not good enough when you know it
42:53:28can be great.
42:53:44speaking.
42:53:47>> Did Jobs show the iPhone in 2007?
42:54:00Yes.
42:54:02In January 2007,
42:54:06Jobs showed the iPhone to the world.
42:54:12Did he show it to the team or to the
42:54:15world?
42:54:23Jobs showed the iPhone [snorts]
42:54:25to the world.
42:54:29When is good
42:54:31not good enough?
42:54:42Good is not good enough
42:54:45when you know it can be great.
42:54:51>> I'm super proud of you.
42:54:55>> That does not mean chasing perfection in
42:54:59every piece of work.
42:55:02It means listening when you do not love
42:55:06it.
42:55:20It is easy to stop at good enough.
42:55:25The sentence is correct. So you move on.
42:55:43Does it mean chasing perfection?
42:55:55No,
42:55:57it does not mean chasing perfection in
42:56:00every piece of work.
42:56:03Is it easy
42:56:05or hard to stop at good enough?
42:56:15It is easy to stop at good enough.
42:56:20What does it mean?
42:56:28It means listening when you do not love
42:56:32it.
42:56:34>> Well done.
42:56:38>> Go back to it.
42:56:42Open the last paragraph you wrote in
42:56:45English or play your last recording.
42:57:01Read the paragraph or listen to the
42:57:04recording slowly.
42:57:08Then decide,
42:57:10do I love it?
42:57:28speaking.
42:57:34Should you open the last paragraph you
42:57:37wrote?
42:57:46Yes.
42:57:49Open the last paragraph you wrote in
42:57:52English.
42:57:55Should you listen to the recording
42:57:58quickly
42:57:59or slowly?
42:58:07Listen to the recording
42:58:10slowly.
42:58:12What should you decide?
42:58:21Then decide,
42:58:23do I love it?
42:58:27>> That's amazing.
42:58:30Let's jump into it and come in.
42:58:32>> If the answer is no,
42:58:36do not just polish it.
42:58:41Choose one sentence
42:58:44and make it again
42:58:48better.
42:59:03You do not need perfection.
42:59:08You need one sentence.
42:59:11You love
42:59:29Let's jump into it.
42:59:31Should you just polish it?
42:59:40No.
42:59:42Do not just polish it.
42:59:46Do you need perfection
42:59:49or one sentence you love?
42:59:58You need one sentence
43:00:01you love.
43:00:03What should you do if the answer is no?
43:00:15Choose one sentence and make it again
43:00:20better.
43:00:28The grammar we practice today
43:00:31enough. Maybe you hope he says it is
43:00:35good enough.
43:00:38The metal case was too strong and fought
43:00:41with the screen for attention.
43:00:45The old design was good, but not good
43:00:48enough.
43:00:51Nobody could promise there was enough
43:00:53time.
43:01:01Congratulations.
43:01:02You practiced 389
43:01:05words in this story and you learned a
43:01:08lot.
43:01:11>> Great job.
43:01:23That's amazing.
43:01:32And that's such an amazing thing.
43:01:50I want you to listen to what happened.
43:01:52Let's go.
43:02:04for
43:02:21Tik Tok.
43:02:30Fore! Foreign! Foreign!
43:02:50foreignch.
43:03:20Foreignech.
43:04:35Awesome.
43:04:37fordulch.
43:05:09WhatsApp.
43:05:30for
43:05:40Tiny Habits.
43:06:08two push-ups and push-ups. That's it.
43:06:13It's going to have a huge impact.
43:06:21The guess.
43:06:23>> The guess from the book tiny habits by
43:06:27BJ Fog.
43:06:30Task
43:06:32estimate
43:06:34advanced
43:06:37regular
43:06:39education.
43:06:42Honor,
43:06:44tick,
43:06:46organize,
43:06:48concentrate,
43:06:51timetable.
43:06:55Imagine a clock on a kitchen wall.
43:07:00Under it, a girl sits with her homework.
43:07:16Tick
43:07:18tick.
43:07:21The girl is Rachel.
43:07:25For her, homework was such a big thing.
43:07:54Was homework such a big thing for
43:07:58Rachel?
43:08:07Yes,
43:08:10for her homework was such a big thing.
43:08:16Is the clock on a kitchen wall
43:08:21or a classroom wall?
43:08:27The clock is on a kitchen wall.
43:08:31Who is the girl under the clock?
43:08:37The girl is Rachel.
43:08:46At school, she was in special education
43:08:49classes.
43:08:52Many tasks felt so big to her.
43:09:09She did not know where to start or how
43:09:12long a task would take.
43:09:29Did many tasks feel so big to her?
43:09:41Yes.
43:09:43Many tasks felt so big to her.
43:09:49Was she in special education
43:09:52or advanced classes?
43:10:00She was in special education classes.
43:10:05What did she not know?
43:10:13She did not know how long a task would
43:10:16take.
43:10:23An hour could go by so quickly and the
43:10:27homework was still not finished.
43:10:41Her mother Amy wanted to help.
43:10:46She did not try to change everything at
43:10:48once.
43:11:05>> Could an hour go by so quickly?
43:11:15Yes,
43:11:16an hour could go by so quickly.
43:11:21Did Amy try to change everything at once
43:11:26or not?
43:11:32She did not try to change everything at
43:11:34once.
43:11:36Who wanted to help?
43:11:39Her
43:11:45mother Amy wanted to help.
43:11:56>> She used tiny habits,
43:11:59a method from a Stanford researcher
43:12:02named BJ Fog.
43:12:17A tiny habit is so small that it feels
43:12:22easy even on a bad day.
43:12:41Is a tiny habit so small that it feels
43:12:45easy.
43:12:55Yes.
43:12:58A tiny habit is so small that it feels
43:13:02easy.
43:13:04Is BJ Fog a researcher
43:13:09or a teacher?
43:13:15BJ Fog is a Stanford researcher.
43:13:20When does a tiny habit feel easy?
43:13:29It feels easy even on a bad day.
43:13:40>> It comes right after something regular
43:13:42that you already do.
43:13:46Then you celebrate even with a smile.
43:14:03Mother and daughter practiced one small
43:14:06skill together.
43:14:09They practiced how to estimate homework
43:14:13time.
43:14:29Now it's your turn. Answer the
43:14:32questions.
43:14:34>> Does a tiny habit come after something
43:14:37regular?
43:14:47Yes,
43:14:49it comes right after something regular
43:14:54that you already do.
43:14:57Did they practice how to estimate
43:14:59homework time or how to read?
43:15:11They practiced how to estimate homework
43:15:16time.
43:15:18How do you celebrate?
43:15:26You celebrate
43:15:29even with a smile.
43:15:34Okay.
43:15:35To estimate means to guess first and
43:15:39check after.
43:15:43Guess the minutes, then look at the
43:15:47clock.
43:16:02Was the guest close?
43:16:06If it was, that was a small win and they
43:16:10noticed it. [laughter]
43:16:27Does estimate mean to guess first and
43:16:32check after?
43:16:42Yes.
43:16:44To estimate means to guess first and
43:16:49check after.
43:16:52Do you guess the minutes or the pages?
43:17:05You guess the minutes, then look at the
43:17:10clock.
43:17:12What was a small win?
43:17:23If the guess was close, that was a small
43:17:27win.
43:17:39Day after day, the guesses taught her a
43:17:43little more about herself.
43:17:59Slowly, the guesses got better.
43:18:03Big tasks did not look so big because
43:18:07she could see their size.
43:18:29Did the big tasks still look so big?
43:18:41No.
43:18:44Big tasks did not look so big.
43:18:49Did the guesses get better or worse?
43:18:59Slowly the guesses got better.
43:19:04What did the guesses teach her?
43:19:15Tit
43:19:18tick.
43:19:20Day after day, the guestes taught her a
43:19:24little more about herself.
43:19:32>> Something else changed, too.
43:19:36She began to see herself as a student
43:19:41who could plan and organize.
43:19:59She moved from special education into
43:20:02regular classes.
43:20:18Did she move into regular classes?
43:20:30Yes.
43:20:32She moved from special education
43:20:36into regular classes.
43:20:39Could she plan and organize or only
43:20:44guess?
43:20:51She could plan and organize.
43:20:57What changed too?
43:21:08She began to see herself as a student
43:21:12who could plan and organize.
43:21:22>> Later she took advanced classes.
43:21:28When she finished school, she graduated
43:21:32with honors,
43:21:35[applause]
43:21:48special education, then advanced classes
43:21:53and honors.
43:21:56It was such a long journey.
43:22:16Great.
43:22:19Was it such a long journey?
43:22:31Yes,
43:22:33it was such a long journey.
43:22:38Did she graduate with honors
43:22:41or without?
43:22:49She graduated with honors.
43:22:54What classes did she take later?
43:23:03Later
43:23:04she took advanced classes.
43:23:12>> Small daily winds did more than finish
43:23:16homework.
43:23:18They built a new picture of who she was.
43:23:38A tiny habit does not need you to
43:23:41concentrate hard.
43:23:44It needs a clear moment and one small
43:23:49step.
43:24:11Does a tiny habit need you to
43:24:14concentrate hard?
43:24:25No.
43:24:28A tiny habit does not need you to
43:24:31concentrate hard.
43:24:34Did small daily winds build a new
43:24:38picture
43:24:40or a new house?
43:24:48They built a new picture of who she was.
43:24:55What does a tiny habit need?
43:25:07It needs a clear moment
43:25:10and one small step. [snorts]
43:25:21You can read this family story in Fog's
43:25:25book, Tiny Habits.
43:25:37Now, picture your desk tomorrow.
43:25:41You organize your timetable,
43:25:44open your English book, and look at the
43:25:47clock,
43:26:07speaking skills.
43:26:10Can you read this family's story in Tiny
43:26:14Habits?
43:26:24Yes,
43:26:27you can read this family story in Fog's
43:26:31book,
43:26:32Tiny Habits.
43:26:36Do you organize your timetable
43:26:39or your clothes?
43:26:48You organize
43:26:50your timetable.
43:26:54What do you do at your desk tomorrow?
43:27:06You organize your timetable,
43:27:09open your English book, and look at the
43:27:13clock.
43:27:22>> Before you start, you estimate how many
43:27:26minutes one small task will take.
43:27:31Maybe 10 new words.
43:27:48Then you concentrate on it and you check
43:27:53the clock when you finish.
43:28:11Do you estimate the minutes before you
43:28:14start?
43:28:24Yes. Before
43:28:27you start, you estimate how many minutes
43:28:30one small task will take.
43:28:34Do you concentrate on one task or on
43:28:39many?
43:28:47You concentrate on that one small task.
43:28:54When do you check the clock?
43:29:02You check the clock when you finish.
43:29:10And let's continue.
43:29:15[laughter]
43:29:15>> Close [gasps] or not,
43:29:18you give yourself a small smile.
43:29:31Tick
43:29:33tick
43:29:36one small guess a day on your timetable.
43:29:43That is how a new kind of student
43:29:47begins.
43:30:08Let's jump into it.
43:30:10>> Do you give yourself a small smile?
43:30:22Yes.
43:30:25Close or not, you give yourself a small
43:30:29smile.
43:30:32Is it one small guess a day or 10?
43:30:46It is one small guess a day on your
43:30:51timetable. [clears throat]
43:30:54How does a new kind of student begin?
43:31:06Tick.
43:31:08Tick.
43:31:11One small guess a day.
43:31:16That is how a new kind of student
43:31:20begins.
43:31:29the grammar we practiced today. So such
43:31:33for her homework was such a big thing.
43:31:39Many tasks felt so big to her.
43:31:44An hour could go by so quickly and the
43:31:47homework was still not finished.
43:31:52A tiny habit is so small that it feels
43:31:55easy even on a bad day.
43:32:05Congratulations.
43:32:07You practiced 386
43:32:09words in this story and you learned a
43:32:12lot.
43:32:14>> Awesome. Wonderful. Beautiful.
43:32:34That's That's super great
43:32:38mindset.
43:32:50growth mindset.
43:33:07It's It's such a great book.
43:33:18I love a challenge.
43:33:20I love a challenge from the book Mindset
43:33:25by Carol S. Dwick.
43:33:28Researcher
43:33:31confused.
43:33:33Pleased
43:33:36informative.
43:33:38Solve.
43:33:41Rub
43:33:43chair.
43:33:45Frustrated.
43:33:47Curious.
43:33:50disappointed.
43:33:53A quiet room,
43:33:57a young researcher put a puzzle on the
43:34:01table
43:34:02in front of a child.
43:34:18The children were about 10 years old.
43:34:23The first puzzles were easy and they
43:34:27solved them quickly.
43:34:34Awesome.
43:34:48Okay, let's go.
43:34:50>> Did a young researcher put a puzzle on
43:34:53the table?
43:35:03Yes.
43:35:06A young researcher put a puzzle on the
43:35:09table.
43:35:11Were the first puzzles easy
43:35:15or hard?
43:35:22The first puzzles were easy.
43:35:26How did the children solve the first
43:35:28puzzles?
43:35:33They solved them quickly.
43:35:44>> Then the puzzles got harder,
43:35:48then harder again
43:35:51until they were too hard for a child to
43:35:54solve.
43:36:10The researcher was Carol Dwick.
43:36:14She was curious about one thing, how
43:36:18children deal with failure.
43:36:43Were the puzzles too hard for a child to
43:36:46solve?
43:36:56Yes,
43:36:58in the end they were too hard for a
43:37:02child to solve.
43:37:05Was Carol Dwick curious about failure
43:37:09or about success?
43:37:18She was curious about how children deal
43:37:22with failure.
43:37:25Who was the researcher?
43:37:33The researcher was Carol Dwek.
43:37:42She expected some children to feel
43:37:45frustrated and disappointed.
43:37:50She expected others to get angry
43:37:54or to give up.
43:38:10Most of us would expect the same
43:38:14hard puzzles, young children,
43:38:18frustrated faces. is
43:38:38>> Did she expect some children to feel
43:38:41frustrated?
43:38:51Yes,
43:38:53she expected some children to feel
43:38:56frustrated and disappointed.
43:38:59Would most of us expect happy faces
43:39:04or frustrated faces?
43:39:12Most of us would expect frustrated
43:39:16faces.
43:39:18What did she expect other children to
43:39:21do?
43:39:29She expected others to get angry or to
43:39:32give up.
43:39:35>> All right, back to the story.
43:39:38Failure hurts.
43:39:42Many of us learn that very early.
43:39:55Then one boy did something strange.
43:39:59He pulled his chair closer and rubbed
43:40:03his hands together.
43:40:25Does failure hurt?
43:40:34Yes,
43:40:36failure hurts.
43:40:38Did the boy push his chair away or pull
43:40:42it closer?
43:40:48He pulled his chair closer.
43:40:52What did the boy rub together?
43:41:00He rubbed his hands together.
43:41:10>> He said, "I love a challenge."
43:41:15He was failing and he looked excited.
43:41:23Another
43:41:32child was working hard on a puzzle.
43:41:36The child looked up with a pleased face.
43:41:56Did the boy look excited?
43:42:07Yes,
43:42:09he was failing and he looked excited.
43:42:15Did the other child look up with a
43:42:17pleased face
43:42:20or an angry face?
43:42:28The child looked up with a pleased face.
43:42:33What did the boy say?
43:42:42He said, "I love a challenge.
43:42:52The child said, "You know, I was hoping
43:42:56this would be informative."
43:43:09Informative means it teaches you
43:43:12something.
43:43:15This child was pleased to learn not only
43:43:19to win.
43:43:29Was
43:43:42the child pleased to learn?
43:43:54Yes,
43:43:56this child was pleased to learn, not
43:44:01only to win.
43:44:04Does informative mean it teaches you
43:44:07something
43:44:09or it tests you?
43:44:18Informative means
43:44:20it teaches you something.
43:44:24What was the child hoping?
43:44:34The child was hoping this would be
43:44:38informative.
43:44:45>> The researcher was confused.
43:44:49She wondered what was wrong with these
43:44:53children.
43:45:05Then she understood
43:45:09these children did not think they were
43:45:12failing at all.
43:45:15They thought they were learning.
43:45:39Was the researcher confused?
43:45:51Yes.
43:45:53The researcher was confused.
43:45:58Did the children think they were failing
43:46:01or learning?
43:46:08They thought they were learning.
43:46:13What did she wonder?
43:46:21She wondered what was wrong with these
43:46:25children.
43:46:27>> That's amazing.
43:46:31>> They believed their brains could grow.
43:46:37For them, a hard puzzle was not a judge.
43:46:42It was interesting training.
43:47:00Look at the room again.
43:47:03The same table, the same chairs, the
43:47:07same hard puzzles.
43:47:29Was the hard puzzle interesting
43:47:32training?
43:47:41Yes,
43:47:43it was interesting training.
43:47:48Are the chairs the same or new?
43:47:56The chairs are the same.
43:48:01What did they believe?
43:48:10They believed their brains could grow.
43:48:20>> For one child, the puzzle says you are
43:48:23not smart.
43:48:27For another, it says you are getting
43:48:31stronger.
43:48:46the young researcher decided she had to
43:48:49understand this.
43:48:53It shaped her work for many years.
43:49:14Did the young researcher decide to
43:49:18understand this?
43:49:28Yes.
43:49:30She decided she had to understand this.
43:49:36Does the puzzle tell one child he is
43:49:39getting weaker
43:49:41or stronger?
43:49:50For another child, it says you are
43:49:54getting stronger.
43:49:57How long did it shape her work?
43:50:06It shaped her work for many years.
43:50:15>> Years later, that room became the first
43:50:19story in her book Mindset.
43:50:34A hard problem can feel like a gift
43:50:38if you believe your brain can grow.
43:50:54Think about the English sentence you
43:50:57could not understand today.
43:51:07>> Now it's your turn. Answer the
43:51:10questions.
43:51:12Did that room become the first story in
43:51:16her book?
43:51:25Yes.
43:51:28Years later, that room became the first
43:51:32story in her book, Mindset.
43:51:37Can a hard problem feel like a gift?
43:51:41or only a punishment.
43:51:49A hard problem can feel like a gift.
43:51:55What should you think about?
43:52:05Think about the English sentence you
43:52:09could not understand today.
43:52:18>> Maybe you felt confused and
43:52:21disappointed.
43:52:25Maybe it felt like a test and you failed
43:52:29it.
43:52:45Now hear it the way those two children
43:52:48did.
43:52:51This is informative.
43:52:55This is where my brain grows.
43:53:17Did you feel confused and disappointed?
43:53:30Yes,
43:53:33maybe you felt confused
43:53:37and disappointed.
43:53:40Is the hard sentence informative
43:53:44or useless?
43:53:52The hard sentence is informative.
43:53:58How should you hear it now?
43:54:06Hear it the way those two children did.
43:54:11All right.
43:54:16Be curious.
43:54:19Pull your chair closer and rub your
43:54:23hands like that boy did.
43:54:38The next hard sentence is not a wall.
43:54:43It is a puzzle on the table waiting for
43:54:47you.
43:55:05Let's jump into it.
43:55:08Should you be curious?
43:55:17Yes.
43:55:19Be curious like that boy.
43:55:24Should you push your chair away
43:55:27or pull it closer?
43:55:36Pull your chair closer and rub your
43:55:40hands.
43:55:43What is the next hard sentence?
43:55:52It is a puzzle on the table waiting for
43:55:56you.
43:56:04The grammar we practiced today, ed iing
43:56:10adjectives. She expected some children
43:56:12to feel frustrated and disappointed.
43:56:18Hard puzzles, young children, frustrated
43:56:21faces.
43:56:25He said, "I love a challenge." He was
43:56:28failing and he looked excited.
43:56:33The child looked up with a pleased face.
43:56:42Congratulations.
43:56:44You practiced 383 words in this story
43:56:48and you learned a lot.
43:56:52Fabulous.
43:57:24That was it.
43:57:28I I really really appreciate you
43:57:31practicing your English and learning
43:57:33something new.
43:57:36Crushing it.
43:58:07person brand
43:58:20YouTuber.
43:58:31for
43:58:51eight stores.
43:58:54Eight stores from the book Crushing It
43:58:57by Gary Vaynerchuk.
43:59:01Advertising
43:59:03staff
43:59:05chase
43:59:08hire
43:59:10growth
43:59:12nutrition
43:59:14shirt
43:59:17umbrella
43:59:19rainy
43:59:21loyal.
43:59:24Eight stores,
43:59:2710 years of hard work,
43:59:32and still
43:59:34very little money. [clears throat]
43:59:51This was Andy Fcella's business in
43:59:55Missouri in America.
43:59:59His stores sold sports nutrition
44:00:03products.
44:00:31Did his stores sell
44:00:34sports nutrition products?
44:00:46Yes,
44:00:48his stores sold sports nutrition
44:00:52products.
44:00:54Did he have eight stores
44:00:59or 80 stores?
44:01:07He had
44:01:09eight stores.
44:01:14Where was Andy Fcella's business?
44:01:23It was in Missouri
44:01:27in America.
44:01:30[clears throat]
44:01:34He and his partner opened their first
44:01:36store with big dreams.
44:01:41They wanted to grow fast.
44:01:58He always loved selling.
44:02:02As a boy, he sold light bulbs from door
44:02:06to door.
44:02:26Did they want to grow
44:02:29slowly?
44:02:37No,
44:02:39they wanted to grow fast.
44:02:43Did he love selling
44:02:46or love reading?
44:02:52He loved selling.
44:02:57What did he sell as a boy?
44:03:08As a boy, he sold light bulbs from door
44:03:12to door.
44:03:18>> Now, 10 years later, the stores were not
44:03:22failing.
44:03:25There was no real growth either.
44:03:43He took home only a small income, much
44:03:47less than his hard work deserved.
44:03:52Awesome.
44:04:05>> Were the stores failing?
44:04:13No, the stores were not failing.
44:04:18Was there real growth
44:04:22or no real growth?
44:04:30There was no real growth.
44:04:34How much did he take home?
44:04:43He took home only a small income.
44:04:54>> He did not want to quit and look for a
44:04:57normal job.
44:05:00So he had to find a problem.
44:05:18Think for a moment.
44:05:21Why were the stores stuck?
44:05:26What would you change first?
44:05:32Awesome.
44:05:50Did he want to quit and look for a
44:05:54normal job?
44:06:01No,
44:06:03he did not want to quit.
44:06:07Did he have to find the problem
44:06:11or hide the problem?
44:06:18He had to find the problem.
44:06:23Why did he have to find the problem?
44:06:34because he did not want to quit and look
44:06:38for a normal job.
44:06:46>> Maybe you said more advertising,
44:06:51maybe lower prices or a better place for
44:06:55the stores. Those
44:07:10are normal answers.
44:07:14He found a different answer
44:07:19and it was inside his own head.
44:07:43Is more advertising
44:07:46a normal answer?
44:07:57Yes,
44:07:59more advertising is a normal answer.
44:08:05Was his answer inside the stores
44:08:10or inside his own head?
44:08:20It was inside his own head.
44:08:27What are two normal answers?
44:08:39More advertising
44:08:42and lower prices are normal answers.
44:08:48>> All right, back to the story.
44:08:51>> For years, he was chasing one thing
44:08:55only,
44:08:58money.
44:09:08Later he explained it.
44:09:13When you only think about money,
44:09:16you forget to serve your customer
44:09:20better.
44:09:42Was he chasing money for years?
44:09:55Yes.
44:09:56He was chasing money for years.
44:10:02Was he chasing one thing or many things?
44:10:16He was chasing one thing only,
44:10:21money.
44:10:24What do you forget when you only think
44:10:27about money?
44:10:36You forget to serve your customer
44:10:40better.
44:10:49Let's keep it up.
44:10:51So he looked at the part of the work
44:10:54that he really loved.
44:11:04Customers came back a few months later
44:11:08and they were different people.
44:11:12Some were much healthier and stronger.
44:11:36Did he look at the part of the work that
44:11:39he really loved?
44:11:50Yes,
44:11:52he looked at the part of the work that
44:11:55he really loved.
44:12:00Did customers come back weaker or
44:12:04stronger?
44:12:12Some customers came back much healthier
44:12:15and stronger.
44:12:18When did customers come back?
44:12:26Customers came back a few months later.
44:12:36That was his real passion,
44:12:39helping people change their lives.
44:12:45The money came second.
44:13:02So they decided to move a big part of
44:13:05their advertising money into the stores.
44:13:23I have thought.
44:13:25>> Did the money come first?
44:13:37No.
44:13:40The money came second.
44:13:45Did they decide to move money into the
44:13:48stores
44:13:50or into advertising?
44:14:00They decided to move advertising money
44:14:03into the stores.
44:14:06What was his real passion?
44:14:14His
44:14:19real passion was
44:14:21helping people change their lives.
44:14:26>> That's amazing.
44:14:30>> They hired extra staff to give customers
44:14:34careful advice about nutrition and
44:14:38health.
44:14:50They gave away free t-shirts.
44:14:55They even kept umbrellas by the door for
44:14:59rainy days.
44:15:18speaking.
44:15:21Did they hire extra staff?
44:15:34Yes.
44:15:36They hired extra staff to give careful
44:15:40advice.
44:15:42Did the staff give advice about
44:15:45nutrition
44:15:47or about money?
44:15:56The staff gave advice
44:15:59about nutrition and health.
44:16:04What did they keep by the door for rainy
44:16:08days?
44:16:16They kept umbrellas by the door for
44:16:20rainy days.
44:16:26[clears throat]
44:16:28A free shirt, an umbrella on a rainy
44:16:31day. Small
44:16:35things like these make people loyal.
44:16:53Customers felt the difference on every
44:16:56visit.
44:16:58They came back again and again and they
44:17:03brought their friends.
44:17:24Did customers feel the difference on
44:17:28every visit?
44:17:38Yes,
44:17:41customers felt the difference on every
44:17:44visit.
44:17:46Did customers come alone
44:17:49or bring their friends?
44:17:59They came back again and again and they
44:18:03brought their friends.
44:18:06What small things make people loyal?
44:18:18A free shirt
44:18:20and an umbrella on a rainy day.
44:18:28The business doubled.
44:18:32Then it doubled again.
44:18:37It doubled every year
44:18:40for five years.
44:18:57The growth came from loyal customers and
44:19:01the staff they hired,
44:19:05not from advertising. singing
44:19:24skills.
44:19:27Did the business
44:19:29double again?
44:19:39Yes.
44:19:41Then it doubled again.
44:19:45Did the growth come from loyal customers
44:19:50or from advertising?
44:20:01The growth came from loyal customers,
44:20:06not from advertising.
44:20:09What happened to the business every
44:20:13year?
44:20:22The business doubled every year for five
44:20:27years.
44:20:30>> Fabulous. Let's keep it up.
44:20:33>> This case sits among the real stories in
44:20:38Gary Veaynerchuk's
44:20:40Crushing It.
44:20:51Growth came when he stopped chasing
44:20:55money
44:20:57and smarted serving people.
44:21:16Did growth come when he stopped chasing
44:21:20money?
44:21:30Yes.
44:21:33Growth came when he stopped chasing
44:21:36money.
44:21:38Did he start serving people?
44:21:43or start chasing people.
44:21:51He started serving people.
44:21:55Which book has this case?
44:22:06This case sits among the real stories in
44:22:10Gary Veaynerchuk's
44:22:13Crushing It.
44:22:16>> All right.
44:22:21Your English is the same.
44:22:25Don't ask how much money it will bring
44:22:28you.
44:22:40Ask what problem it can solve
44:22:44for a customer, a colleague or your
44:22:48family.
44:23:01Keep asking that question.
44:23:05The money usually follows
44:23:08the help.
44:23:26Let's jump into it.
44:23:28>> Should you ask how much money English
44:23:32will bring you?
44:23:40No.
44:23:43Don't ask how much money it will bring
44:23:45you.
44:23:47Should you stop asking that question
44:23:52or keep asking it?
44:23:59Keep asking that question.
44:24:03What usually follows the help?
44:24:12The money usually follows the help.
44:24:23The grammar we practice today, verb plus
44:24:27ing or to plus verb. They wanted to grow
44:24:33fast.
44:24:36He always loved selling.
44:24:40He did not want to quit and look for a
44:24:42normal job.
44:24:46When you only think about money, you
44:24:48forget to serve your customer better.
44:24:57Congratulations.
44:24:59You practiced 389
44:25:02words in this story and you learned a
44:25:05lot.
44:25:28That's amazing. That's that's such a
44:25:30beautiful opportunity.
44:25:41Starbucks. Okay.
44:25:5510,000
44:25:56volunteers.
44:25:59>> 10,000 volunteers from the book onward
44:26:03by Howard Schultz.
44:26:06Rebuild
44:26:08hurricane
44:26:10flood
44:26:12spirit
44:26:15garden
44:26:17volunteer
44:26:20plant
44:26:22paint
44:26:24welcome
44:26:26community.
44:26:29In 2008,
44:26:32Howard Schultz had a serious problem.
44:26:38The company he had built was losing its
44:26:43way.
44:26:58He had just come back to lead Starbucks.
44:27:06Sales were falling [sighs and gasps]
44:27:08and many stores were closing.
44:27:35Did Howard Schultz come back to lead
44:27:39Starbucks?
44:27:49Yes,
44:27:51he had just come back to lead Starbucks.
44:27:57Were sales growing
44:28:00or falling?
44:28:07Sales were falling.
44:28:10What problem did the company have in
44:28:142008?
44:28:23The company he had built was losing its
44:28:27way.
44:28:30Extraordinary. Let's keep it up.
44:28:34>> Then the whole economy began to crash.
44:28:39People
44:28:41were losing their jobs and their homes.
44:29:00His store managers were tired and
44:29:02worried. Their spirit was low and many
44:29:08no longer believed in the company.
44:29:29Speaking skills, villain of death.
44:29:32>> Was the manager's spirit high?
44:29:42No,
44:29:44their spirit was low.
44:29:48Were the managers tired
44:29:51or excited?
44:29:58His store managers were tired and
44:30:02worried.
44:30:05What were people losing?
44:30:16People were losing their jobs and their
44:30:21homes.
44:30:24>> Fabulous. Let's keep it up.
44:30:27So what would you do in his place with a
44:30:32tired team and little money?
44:30:45Most leaders would cut costs, cancel big
44:30:49meetings, and keep people at their
44:30:52desks.
44:31:08How
44:31:12would most leaders cancel big meetings?
44:31:16things.
44:31:24Yes,
44:31:26most leaders would cancel big meetings.
44:31:31Would most leaders keep people at their
44:31:34desks or send them away?
44:31:44Most leaders would keep people at their
44:31:48desks.
44:31:50What would most leaders cut?
44:32:00Most leaders would cut costs.
44:32:11Others would bring in experts to check
44:32:14every number.
44:32:22Schultz chose something strange.
44:32:27He decided to spend money and time on
44:32:31one huge meeting.
44:32:36Awesome.
44:32:52>> Did others bring in experts
44:32:56to check every number?
44:33:06Yes.
44:33:09Others would bring in experts to check
44:33:13every number.
44:33:15Did Schulz choose something normal
44:33:20or something strange?
44:33:29Schultz chose [gasps] something strange.
44:33:35What did he decide to spend money and
44:33:38time on?
44:33:48He decided to spend money and time on
44:33:52one huge meeting.
44:33:57Well done.
44:34:01>> In October, he brought about 10,000
44:34:05store managers to one city, New Orleans.
44:34:213 years before a terrible hurricane
44:34:25flooded the city.
44:34:28Parts of it were still broken.
44:34:48Did a hurricane
44:34:50flood the city?
44:34:59Yes.
44:35:01A terrible hurricane flooded the city.
44:35:07Did he bring the managers to one city
44:35:11or to many cities?
44:35:21He brought them to one city,
44:35:25New Orleans.
44:35:28How many store managers did he bring?
44:35:38He brought about 10,000
44:35:41store managers.
44:35:48Many people thought he was wrong.
44:35:54The trip was very expensive
44:35:58at the worst possible time.
44:36:16He did not bring them only to listen to
44:36:19speeches.
44:36:22He brought them as volunteers
44:36:26to help rebuild the city.
44:36:45Jes, let's jump into it.
44:36:48>> Did he bring them only to listen to
44:36:51speeches?
44:37:01No,
44:37:03he brought them as volunteers
44:37:07to help rebuild the city.
44:37:10Was the trip cheap
44:37:13or very expensive?
44:37:20The trip was very expensive.
44:37:24Why did he bring them to the city?
44:37:35He brought them to help rebuild the
44:37:39city.
44:37:42>> All right, back to the story.
44:37:45>> They went to neighborhoods still hurt by
44:37:48the hurricane.
44:37:51They painted houses, planted gardens,
44:37:55and cleaned parks.
44:38:12They painted
44:38:14to bring back color.
44:38:18They planted gardens
44:38:20to bring back life.
44:38:44Did they plant
44:38:47gardens?
44:38:57Yes,
44:38:59they planted gardens to bring back life.
44:39:05Did they paint houses or build houses?
44:39:16They painted houses.
44:39:20Why did they paint?
44:39:28They painted
44:39:30to bring back color.
44:39:34>> I'm super proud of you.
44:39:40>> In his book Onward, Schultz writes that
44:39:44the volunteers gave over 50,000
44:39:49hours
44:40:03side by side. Managers from different
44:40:07cities worked like one team.
44:40:14Awesome.
44:40:27Did the volunteers give over 50,000
44:40:31hours?
44:40:41Yes.
44:40:44The volunteers gave over 50,000
44:40:48hours.
44:40:50Did the managers work like one team or
44:40:55like strangers?
44:41:02They worked like one team.
44:41:08Where does Schultz write about this?
44:41:17Schultz writes about it in his book
44:41:21Onward.
44:41:28>> Something changed in them.
44:41:32They came to help a flooded community
44:41:35and the community helped them back.
44:41:53They remembered why they joined the
44:41:56company in the first place.
44:41:59to serve people.
44:42:19>> Did the community help them back?
44:42:30Yes,
44:42:32the community helped them back.
44:42:36Did they come to help a community
44:42:40or to rest?
44:42:49They came to help a flooded community.
44:42:54Why did they join the company in the
44:42:57first place?
44:43:04They joined the company to serve people.
44:43:13Let's jump into
44:43:18Let's keep it up.
44:43:20Schultz believed they went home with new
44:43:24energy and carried it into their stores.
44:43:39Later he said
44:43:42New Orleans
44:43:43was a key reason the company came back.
44:44:04Did they go home
44:44:07with new energy?
44:44:17Yes.
44:44:21Schultz believed they went home with new
44:44:25energy.
44:44:28Did they carry the energy into their
44:44:31stores
44:44:32or leave it?
44:44:39They carried it into their stores.
44:44:45What was a key reason the company came
44:44:48back? [clears throat]
44:44:57New Orleans was a key reason the company
44:45:01came back.
44:45:04>> Congratulations. Let's keep going.
44:45:07Serving others can rebuild a team's
44:45:11spirit,
44:45:13and it can rebuild yours, too.
44:45:27When you are tired of studying English,
44:45:32more study alone may not be the answer.
44:45:36Awesome.
44:45:49Let's go.
44:45:51>> Can serving others
44:45:54rebuild a team's spirit?
44:46:06Yes,
44:46:09serving others can rebuild a team's
44:46:13spirit.
44:46:15Can it rebuild only the team
44:46:19or yours too?
44:46:26It can rebuild
44:46:29yours too.
44:46:31When may more study alone not be the
44:46:36answer?
44:46:44It may not be the answer. When you are
44:46:48tired of studying English,
44:46:58>> try a small experiment instead.
44:47:02Bring your study group together to build
44:47:06one shared project.
44:47:21Make something useful in English like a
44:47:24onepage welcome guide for new students.
44:47:43Should you bring your study group
44:47:45together?
44:47:55Yes.
44:47:57Bring your study group together to build
44:48:01one shared project.
44:48:04Is the welcome guide for new students
44:48:09or for teachers?
44:48:16It is a welcome guide for new students.
44:48:21What useful thing can you make in
44:48:24English?
44:48:32You can make a onepage welcome guide
44:48:40and let's continue.
44:48:42>> Each person writes one part of the
44:48:45welcome guide.
44:48:47Then you read it together
44:48:50to make it better.
44:49:05Then notice how [gasps] the energy in
44:49:08your group changes.
44:49:12That change
44:49:14is your result.
44:49:30final round.
44:49:36>> Does each person write one part of the
44:49:41welcome guide?
44:49:51Yes.
44:49:53Each person writes one part of the
44:49:57welcome guide.
44:50:00Do you read it alone or together?
44:50:11You read it together to make it better.
44:50:16What should you notice?
44:50:25Notice how the energy in your group
44:50:29changes.
44:50:38The grammar we practice today to plus
44:50:42verb for purpose. He'll just come back
44:50:45to lead Starbucks.
44:50:50Others would bring in experts to check
44:50:52every number.
44:50:55He brought them as volunteers to help
44:50:58rebuild the city.
44:51:02They planted gardens to bring back life.
44:51:11Congratulations.
44:51:13You practiced 387 words in this story
44:51:17and you learned a lot.
44:51:20Super proud of you.
44:51:32This is great. Let's keep it up.
44:51:48I am Omni Arm
44:51:51Sudanese.
44:51:53I was
44:51:55born and raised in Saudi Arabia.
44:51:59>> I where I currently live. Uh I completed
44:52:03my uh medical studies in Sudan and um I
44:52:09recently graduated. Alhamdulillah.
44:52:21for
44:52:35You are.
44:52:55Oh.
44:53:00foreign.
44:53:24Mhm.
44:53:46English.
44:53:56Foreman
44:54:21laptop.
44:54:27Hello. Hello.
44:55:06Hello.
44:55:30Who is forchech.
44:56:04AID
44:56:13monitor.
44:56:16for
44:56:42Shakespeare. AI
44:56:50monitor.
44:56:54Awesome.
44:57:17It's something amazing. It's something
44:57:19totally crazy.
44:57:30How to win friends and influence people.
44:57:48>> [clears throat]
44:57:56>> It really helps.
44:58:0960%
44:58:1160%
44:58:12from the book How to Win Friends and
44:58:15Influence People by Dale Cariegi.
44:58:19Amount.
44:58:22Attack.
44:58:24Pretend.
44:58:26Splendid.
44:58:28Careless.
44:58:31Congratulate.
44:58:33Criticize.
44:58:36Upstairs.
44:58:38Encourage.
44:58:41Appreciate.
44:58:44A man lost a huge amount of money for
44:58:49his company.
44:58:53What his boss said next is the
44:58:56interesting part.
44:59:12The story comes from Dale Carnegi's
44:59:15book, How to Win Friends and Influence
44:59:19People.
44:59:32Awesome.
44:59:37Okay, let's go.
44:59:40>> Did the man lose a huge amount of money?
44:59:53Yes.
44:59:55A man lost a huge amount of money
45:00:00for his company.
45:00:03Is the interesting part the loss
45:00:07or what his boss said.
45:00:18What his boss said next is the
45:00:22interesting part.
45:00:25Which book does the story come from?
45:00:36It comes from how to win friends and
45:00:40influence people.
45:00:49>> The boss was John D. Rockerfeller.
45:00:56In his time he was one of the richest
45:00:59men in the world.
45:01:16He built a giant oil company and was
45:01:20known as a serious businessman.
45:01:36speaking.
45:01:39>> Was Rockefeller one of the richest men
45:01:43in the world?
45:01:53Yes.
45:01:55He was one of the richest men in the
45:01:58world.
45:02:00Did he build a giant oil company
45:02:05or a small shop?
45:02:13He built a giant oil company.
45:02:18What was Rockefeller known as?
45:02:27He was known as a serious businessman.
45:02:40>> One of his partners was a man named
45:02:43Edward Bedford.
45:02:52He made a big deal for the company in
45:02:55South America.
45:02:58It was a deal that went very badly.
45:03:17Was
45:03:21Edward Bedford one of his partners?
45:03:33Yes.
45:03:36One of his partners was a man named
45:03:39Edward Bedford.
45:03:41Was it a deal that went well
45:03:45or a deal that went badly?
45:03:55It was a deal that went very badly.
45:04:01Where did he make the big deal?
45:04:10He made the big deal in South America.
45:04:16>> That's amazing.
45:04:20When it was over, the company lost about
45:04:23a million dollar.
45:04:34In those days, that was a very large
45:04:37amount of money.
45:04:40It was a serious mistake.
45:05:01Was a million dollar a small amount in
45:05:05those days?
45:05:14No,
45:05:16it was a very large amount of money.
45:05:20Was it a small mistake
45:05:23or a serious mistake?
45:05:30It was a serious mistake.
45:05:35How much did the company lose?
45:05:44The company lost about a million dollar.
45:05:53That's great.
45:05:56>> Now imagine you are Bedford.
45:06:01You have to tell Rockefeller what
45:06:04happened.
45:06:16In this imagined moment, you walk slowly
45:06:21upstairs to his office.
45:06:25You are thinking about the hard words
45:06:28coming.
45:06:47Let's jump into it.
45:06:49>> Do you walk slowly upstairs to his
45:06:53office?
45:07:03Yes.
45:07:05You walk slowly upstairs
45:07:08to his office.
45:07:11Are you thinking about kind words
45:07:15or hard words?
45:07:24You are thinking about the hard words
45:07:28coming.
45:07:30What do you have to tell Rockefeller?
45:07:40You have to tell Rockefeller
45:07:44what happened.
45:07:52What would a normal boss do?
45:07:57Maybe he would shout.
45:08:00Maybe he would say that you are
45:08:02careless.
45:08:18The boss had every reason to criticize
45:08:22the partner who lost the money.
45:08:37Would
45:08:41a normal boss say that you are careless?
45:08:53Yes,
45:08:55maybe he would say that you are
45:08:57careless.
45:08:59Would a normal boss shout
45:09:03or sing?
45:09:09Maybe he would shout.
45:09:13Who did the boss have every reason to
45:09:16criticize?
45:09:26He had every reason to criticize
45:09:30the partner who lost the money.
45:09:38But he knew that his partner did his
45:09:41best.
45:09:44So he closed the matter
45:09:47and did not attack him.
45:10:04Instead,
45:10:06he looked for something to appreciate
45:10:09inside the bad news.
45:10:14And he found it. [gasps]
45:10:39Did the boss attack his partner?
45:10:51>> No,
45:10:53he closed the matter and did not attack
45:10:57him.
45:11:00Did he look for something to appreciate
45:11:04or something to criticize?
45:11:13He looked for something to appreciate.
45:11:19What did the boss know about his
45:11:21partner?
45:11:29He knew that his partner did his best.
45:11:35>> Fabulous. Let's keep it up.
45:11:38>> His partner did not lose all of the
45:11:42money.
45:11:44He saved 60% of it.
45:12:00So the boss congratulated him.
45:12:04He called the result
45:12:07splendid.
45:12:21speaking.
45:12:26Did the partner lose all of the money?
45:12:37>> No,
45:12:39he saved 60% of it.
45:12:44Did the boss criticize him or
45:12:47congratulate him?
45:12:53The boss congratulated him.
45:12:58What did he call the result?
45:13:07He called the result
45:13:10splendid.
45:13:18Splendid after a loss of a million
45:13:22dollar.
45:13:25What a strange word.
45:13:40He even added that he and the leaders
45:13:44upstairs
45:13:46did not always do so well.
45:14:02It
45:14:04>> was splendid a strange word after the
45:14:09loss.
45:14:18Yes,
45:14:20splendid was a strange word after a loss
45:14:24of a million dollars.
45:14:27Did the leaders upstairs always do well
45:14:32or not always?
45:14:42He and the leaders upstairs did not
45:14:46always do so well.
45:14:49How big was the loss?
45:14:57It was a loss of a million dollars.
45:15:06>> He did not pretend that the loss was
45:15:10good.
45:15:12He simply started with the part that
45:15:15went right.
45:15:29A person who feels attacked
45:15:32often hides the next mistake.
45:15:38A person who feels encouraged
45:15:42usually tries harder.
45:16:08Did he pretend that the loss was good?
45:16:20No,
45:16:23he did not pretend that the loss was
45:16:27good.
45:16:29Does a person who feels encouraged try
45:16:32harder or hide mistakes?
45:16:44A person who feels encouraged usually
45:16:48tries harder.
45:16:51What does a person who feels attacked
45:16:54often do?
45:17:03A person who feels attacked
45:17:07often hides the next mistake.
45:17:16It works at work, at home, and with your
45:17:21English, too.
45:17:32When a friend makes an English mistake,
45:17:35we often call it careless.
45:17:40We correct it at once. Awesome.
45:17:58Let's go.
45:18:00>> Does it work with your English, too?
45:18:10Yes.
45:18:12It works with your English, too.
45:18:17Do we correct a friend's mistake later
45:18:21or at once?
45:18:26We correct it at once.
45:18:31What do we often call a friend's English
45:18:34mistake?
45:18:41We often call it careless.
45:18:47>> Congratulations. Let's keep going.
45:18:51When you make one yourself,
45:18:54you often feel that you failed
45:19:07both times. Do not pretend the mistake
45:19:11is fine.
45:19:14First, congratulate the part that went
45:19:18right.
45:19:39Should you pretend the mistake is fine?
45:19:52No,
45:19:54do not pretend the mistake is fine.
45:19:59Should you first congratulate the part
45:20:02that went right or the mistake?
45:20:13First, congratulate the part that went
45:20:17right.
45:20:20How do you often feel when you make a
45:20:23mistake?
45:20:29You often feel
45:20:31that you failed.
45:20:35All right.
45:20:40Appreciate that part.
45:20:43and you encourage the person who made
45:20:46the mistake.
45:20:56So here is your rule.
45:20:59Before you criticize anyone, even
45:21:03yourself,
45:21:06find their 60%
45:21:28Let's jump into it. Should you
45:21:32appreciate the part that went right?
45:21:42Yes.
45:21:44Appreciate that part.
45:21:48Do you encourage or attack the person
45:21:52who made the mistake?
45:22:00You encourage the person who made the
45:22:03mistake.
45:22:06What should you find
45:22:08before you criticize anyone?
45:22:17Find their 60%
45:22:28The grammar we practice today, relative
45:22:30clauses, who, which, that,
45:22:35it was a deal that went very badly.
45:22:40The boss had every reason to criticize
45:22:42the partner who lost the money.
45:22:47He simply started with the part that
45:22:49went right.
45:22:52A person who feels attacked often hides
45:22:55the next mistake.
45:23:04Congratulations.
45:23:06You practiced 388
45:23:08words in this story and you learned a
45:23:11lot.
45:23:31TPRS, comprehensible input, Dr. Crash, a
45:23:34lot of things.
45:23:41And [clears throat]
45:23:47that's that this is the right way.
45:23:49That's amazing.
45:23:52The crit
45:24:02that's not that's that's not reason,
45:24:04right?
45:24:09Great.
45:24:20Great.
45:24:37One sentence.
45:24:39>> One sentence from the book Grit by
45:24:44Angela Duckworth.
45:24:46Philosophy
45:24:49successful
45:24:51binder
45:24:54direction
45:24:56worst
45:24:58coaching
45:25:00top level goal
45:25:04motto
45:25:06vision
45:25:08priority
45:25:11do things better
45:25:14than they have ever been done before.
45:25:19Read that sentence
45:25:22slowly.
45:25:38An American football coach wrote it.
45:25:42It was written at the worst time of his
45:25:45working life.
45:26:12was the sentence written
45:26:15at the worst time of his working life.
45:26:29Yes,
45:26:31it was written at the worst time of his
45:26:36working life.
45:26:38Did a football coach
45:26:42or a writer write it?
45:26:50An American football coach wrote it.
45:26:54How should you read that sentence?
45:27:04You should read that sentence
45:27:08slowly.
45:27:13>> His name is Pete Carol.
45:27:18In early 2000, he was fired as head
45:27:22coach of the New England Patriots.
45:27:39It was not the first time.
45:27:445 years before he was fired by another
45:27:48team, too.
45:28:08Was he fired in early 2000?
45:28:21Yes.
45:28:23In early 2000, he was fired as head
45:28:27coach.
45:28:29Was it the first time
45:28:33or not the first time?
45:28:41It was not the first time.
45:28:47When was he fired
45:28:49by another team?
45:28:59Five years before he was fired by
45:29:03another team.
45:29:09>> Think about that moment.
45:29:13He was fired twice.
45:29:19Where could he go now?
45:29:36He had free time.
45:29:40He did not spend it only being angry.
45:30:01Was he fired
45:30:04twice?
45:30:11Yes,
45:30:13he was fired twice.
45:30:17Did he spend his free time only being
45:30:21angry
45:30:23or not?
45:30:30He did not spend it only being angry.
45:30:36What did he have now?
45:30:44Now he had
45:30:46free time.
45:30:53>> He read a book by John Wooden, a very
45:30:57successful basketball coach.
45:31:10Wooden did not win at once.
45:31:14It took him many years to build a clear
45:31:18way of coaching.
45:31:37Was
45:31:41John Wooden a very successful coach?
45:31:54Yes,
45:31:57he was a very successful basketball
45:32:01coach.
45:32:03Did Wooden win at once or after many
45:32:07years?
45:32:16It took him many years to build a clear
45:32:21way of coaching.
45:32:24Whose book did Carol read?
45:32:32He read a book by John Wooden.
45:32:38[clears throat]
45:32:43>> Carol saw something about himself.
45:32:47He had energy and ideas about coaching.
45:32:53He did not have one clear philosophy.
45:33:11So he took a binder and began to write.
45:33:17What was his vision?
45:33:21What kind of team did he want?
45:33:46Did Carol have one clear philosophy?
45:33:58No,
45:34:01he did not have one clear philosophy.
45:34:05Did he take a binder or a camera?
45:34:14He took a binder and began to write.
45:34:20What did he have about coaching?
45:34:28He had energy and ideas about coaching.
45:34:34Well done.
45:34:38>> The binder was filled page after page.
45:34:46Then he made it shorter
45:34:49and then shorter again.
45:35:06At last one sentence stayed at the top.
45:35:12his first priority.
45:35:16It was the sentence you read at the
45:35:19start.
45:35:37Was
45:35:39the binder filled page after page?
45:35:52Yes.
45:35:55The binder was filled page after page.
45:36:01Did he make it longer or shorter?
45:36:11He made it shorter
45:36:13and then shorter again.
45:36:17What stayed at the top as his first
45:36:20priority?
45:36:25One sentence stayed at the top.
45:36:30That's amazing.
45:36:34Angela Duckworth tells this story in her
45:36:37book Grit.
45:36:40She calls this kind of sentence a tople
45:36:45goal.
45:37:01He carried that sentence into his next
45:37:04job at a university in Los Angeles.
45:37:09His teams were very successful.
45:37:30speaking.
45:37:33Does Angela Duckworth call it a top
45:37:36level goal?
45:37:47Yes,
45:37:49she calls this kind of sentence a
45:37:53toplevel goal.
45:37:56Was his next job at a university or at a
45:38:00school?
45:38:08His next job was at a university in Los
45:38:12Angeles.
45:38:14How were his teams there?
45:38:21His teams were very successful.
45:38:26>> All right, back to the story.
45:38:29>> In 2010,
45:38:31he was hired as the coach of the Seattle
45:38:35Seahawks.
45:38:38[applause]
45:38:46In 2014,
45:38:48his team won the Super Bowl,
45:38:52the biggest game [cheering] in American
45:38:55football.
45:39:13>> Was he hired by the Seattle Seahawks
45:39:18in 2010?
45:39:28Yes.
45:39:30In 2010, he was hired as the coach of
45:39:35the Seattle Seahawks.
45:39:40Did his team win
45:39:42or lose the Super Bowl?
45:39:54In 2014,
45:39:56his team won the Super Bowl.
45:40:00What is the Super Bowl?
45:40:10It is the biggest game in American
45:40:14football.
45:40:23The binder did not win that game.
45:40:29It gave him a direction
45:40:31when he had lost his
45:40:48being fired did not tell him who he was.
45:40:53It gave him the time to write his
45:40:57philosophy down
45:41:17speaking skills.
45:41:21Did the binder win that game?
45:41:32No,
45:41:34the binder did not win that game.
45:41:40Did the binder give him a direction
45:41:44or a job?
45:41:50It gave him a direction.
45:41:55What did being fired give him the time
45:41:58to do?
45:42:07It gave him the time
45:42:10to write his philosophy down.
45:42:20You may not be a coach.
45:42:24You still need a toplevel goal to give
45:42:28your English a direction.
45:42:45Take one page tonight.
45:42:49Write your vision why you want English
45:42:53in any words.
45:43:08Awesome.
45:43:10Let's go.
45:43:12>> Do you need a top level goal for your
45:43:16English?
45:43:25Yes,
45:43:27you still need a top level goal.
45:43:32Should you write your vision tonight
45:43:36or next year?
45:43:44Take one page tonight and write your
45:43:48vision.
45:43:50What does a top level goal give your
45:43:53English?
45:43:56[snorts]
45:44:00It gives your English
45:44:03a direction.
45:44:06>> Fabulous. Let's keep it up.
45:44:09>> Then make it shorter.
45:44:13Cut it again and again until one clear
45:44:19sentence is left.
45:44:35That sentence is your motto
45:44:39and your first priority.
45:44:44Put it where you will see it every
45:44:47morning.
45:45:05Let's jump into it.
45:45:08Should you make it shorter?
45:45:18Yes.
45:45:20Then make it shorter.
45:45:25Is that sentence your motto
45:45:28or your problem?
45:45:38That sentence is your motto and your
45:45:42first priority.
45:45:45Where should you put it?
45:45:53Put it where you will see it every
45:45:56morning.
45:46:06On your worst day,
45:46:09read your motto slowly
45:46:12and remember one fired coach.
45:46:30do things better than they have ever
45:46:34been done before.
45:46:52Let's jump into it.
45:46:54Should you read your motto on your worst
45:46:59day?
45:47:08Yes.
45:47:10On your worst day, read your motto
45:47:15slowly.
45:47:18Should you read it slowly or quickly?
45:47:27Read your motto
45:47:29slowly.
45:47:31Who should you remember?
45:47:40Remember one fired coach.
45:47:51The grammar we practice today was born
45:47:55was made. It was written at the worst
45:47:58time of his working life.
45:48:02In early 2000, he was fired as head
45:48:05coach of the New England Patriots.
45:48:105 years before he was fired by another
45:48:12team, too.
45:48:15He was fired twice.
45:48:24Congratulations.
45:48:26You practiced 386
45:48:29words in this story and you learned a
45:48:31lot.
45:48:34That's another story in your pocket.
45:48:42And you know, stories stick.
45:48:54Awesome.
45:48:58How to stop worrying and start living.
45:49:12Twitter.
45:49:30The blizzard.
45:49:32The Blizzard
45:49:34>> from the book How to Stop Worrying and
45:49:37Start Living by Dale Cariegi.
45:49:41Agent,
45:49:43noble,
45:49:45regret,
45:49:48admire,
45:49:50novelist,
45:49:52Blizzard.
45:49:55Sadly,
45:49:57disappointment.
45:49:59Publisher
45:50:02reality.
45:50:05A noble experiment.
45:50:10Those are Dale Cariegi's own words.
45:50:14He used them later for two lost years of
45:50:20his life.
45:50:36The story is his own from his book, How
45:50:40to Stop Worrying and Start Living.
45:51:04Ah, a noble experiment. Cariggi's own
45:51:08words.
45:51:16Yes.
45:51:17Those are Dale Cariegi's own words.
45:51:23Did he use them for two lost years
45:51:27or two good years?
45:51:38He used them for two lost years
45:51:43of his life.
45:51:45Which book is the story from?
45:51:56It is from
45:51:58how to stop worrying and start living.
45:52:10In his early 30s, he made a big
45:52:13decision.
45:52:16He would spend his life writing novels.
45:52:34He wanted to be a great writer like the
45:52:37famous novelists he admired. Awesome.
45:52:56Did he admire famous novelists?
45:53:09Yes.
45:53:10He wanted to be like the famous
45:53:13novelists he admired.
45:53:17Did he want to be a great writer
45:53:20or a great teacher?
45:53:28He wanted to be a great writer.
45:53:33What did he decide to spend his life
45:53:36doing?
45:53:43He would spend his life
45:53:46writing novels.
45:53:50>> Fabulous. Let's keep it up.
45:53:53>> So, he moved to Europe where life was
45:53:56cheaper
45:53:58and started to write.
45:54:12He wrote for two years.
45:54:16Month after month, the book was growing.
45:54:21He called it the blizzard.
45:54:39Awesome.
45:54:42>> Did he move to Europe?
45:54:53Yes.
45:54:55He moved to Europe where life was
45:54:59cheaper.
45:55:01Did he write for two months
45:55:05or 2 years?
45:55:12He wrote for two years.
45:55:16What did he call the book?
45:55:23He called it
45:55:26the blizzard.
45:55:33>> A blizzard is a terrible snowstorm.
45:55:39Sadly, the book's future was just as
45:55:43dark.
45:55:58He gave the book to his agent.
45:56:02An agent's job is to find a publisher.
45:56:21Is a blizzard a terrible snowstorm?
45:56:34Yes,
45:56:36a blizzard is a terrible snowstorm.
45:56:41Is an agent's job to find a publisher
45:56:46or to write the book?
45:56:54An agent's job is to find a publisher.
45:56:59Who did he give the book to?
45:57:07He gave the book to his agent.
45:57:17>> Then he found out the worst news.
45:57:23The book was no good, the agent said.
45:57:40He also said that he had no talent for
45:57:44writing stories.
45:57:56Now it's your turn. Answer the
45:57:58questions.
45:58:00Did he find out good news?
45:58:12No.
45:58:16He found out the worst news.
45:58:21Did the agent say the book was good
45:58:25or no good?
45:58:33The agent said the book was no good.
45:58:38What did the agent say he had no talent
45:58:42for?
45:58:50He had no talent
45:58:53for writing stories.
45:59:01Think about that moment.
45:59:05Two years of hard work
45:59:09and one short meeting ended it all.
45:59:29Sadly, he left the office in shock and
45:59:32deep disappointment.
45:59:36For weeks, he could not think clearly.
45:59:57Did he leave the office
46:00:00in deep disappointment?
46:00:11Yes.
46:00:14Sadly, he left the office in shock
46:00:19and deep disappointment.
46:00:23Was it one short meeting or a long
46:00:28meeting?
46:00:36One short meeting ended it all.
46:00:41For how long could he not think clearly?
46:00:52For weeks he could not think clearly.
46:00:58Extraordinary. Let's keep it up.
46:01:02>> Should he still try to be a novelist?
46:01:06Which way should he go now?
46:01:18Many people would keep going because
46:01:21they gave so much already.
46:01:35How's your job?
46:01:37>> Would many people keep going?
46:01:47Yes.
46:01:49Many people would keep going.
46:01:53Was his question about being a novelist
46:01:58or a teacher?
46:02:02His
46:02:09question was,
46:02:12should he still try to be a novelist?
46:02:18Why would many people keep going?
46:02:28because they gave so much already.
46:02:40Others would give up on everything
46:02:43and stop trying.
46:02:54He did neither.
46:02:57He looked at the reality honestly.
46:03:01An experiment that did not work.
46:03:21Did others give up on everything?
46:03:33Yes,
46:03:36others would give up on everything.
46:03:41Did he give up
46:03:45or did he look at the reality honestly?
46:03:53He looked at the reality honestly.
46:03:57What did he see when he looked at the
46:04:01reality?
46:04:08He saw an experiment that did not work.
46:04:20He did not let the failed novel eat up
46:04:23any more of his life.
46:04:27He put a limit on it.
46:04:44Then he went back to the work he did
46:04:46well
46:04:48teaching classes for adults.
46:05:03Let's jump into it.
46:05:06Did he let the failed novel eat up more
46:05:10of his life?
46:05:18No,
46:05:20he put a limit on it.
46:05:24Did he go back to teaching or to writing
46:05:28novels?
46:05:34He went back to teaching classes for
46:05:38adults.
46:05:40Who did he teach?
46:05:47He taught classes for adults.
46:05:59In his free time, he wrote true books
46:06:02about real people.
46:06:06This time, a publisher printed them.
46:06:24One of those books was about a great
46:06:27president he admired.
46:06:31Another was the book that tells this
46:06:35story.
46:06:54Did a publisher print his true books?
46:07:06Yes.
46:07:08This time a publisher printed them.
46:07:13Were his new books about real people
46:07:17or madeup people?
46:07:25They were true books about real people.
46:07:31Who was one of those books about?
46:07:39It was about a great president he
46:07:42admired.
46:07:49>> Years later, he wrote that he never
46:07:53regretted his decision,
46:07:55not for a single day.
46:08:09Trying something new is good,
46:08:14but know when to stop paying for a plan
46:08:18that does not work.
46:08:40Did he ever regret his decision?
46:08:52No,
46:08:55he never regretted his decision. Not for
46:08:59a single day.
46:09:02Is trying something new good or bad?
46:09:13Trying something new is good.
46:09:17When should you stop paying for a plan?
46:09:27Stop when the plan does not work.
46:09:32>> I'm super proud of you.
46:09:37Then face reality.
46:09:40Go back to your strength and build from
46:09:43there.
46:09:54Maybe one of your plans failed, too.
46:10:00A course you never finished and still
46:10:03regret.
46:10:20is speaking.
46:10:23>> Should you go back to your strength?
46:10:36Yes.
46:10:38Go back to your strength and build from
46:10:41there.
46:10:44Should you face reality
46:10:47or heist from it?
46:10:53Face reality.
46:10:56What might you still regret?
46:11:05Maybe you still regret a course you
46:11:09never finished.
46:11:12>> All right.
46:11:18>> Do not throw away all your English
46:11:22because of one disappointment.
46:11:34Call it what he called his novel,
46:11:38a noble experiment.
46:11:43Keep what you learned and go forward.
46:12:06Let's jump into it.
46:12:09Should you throw away all your English
46:12:12because of one disappointment?
46:12:22No,
46:12:24do not throw away all your English.
46:12:29Should you call it a noble experiment
46:12:34or a bad mistake?
46:12:41Call it a noble experiment.
46:12:46What should you keep?
46:12:53Keep what you learned and go forward.
46:13:05The grammar we practice today, phrasal
46:13:08verbs. Then he found out the worst news.
46:13:14others would give up on everything and
46:13:16stop trying.
46:13:20He did not let the failed novel eat up
46:13:22any more of his life.
46:13:26Then he went back to the work he did
46:13:28well, teaching classes for adults.
46:13:35Congratulations.
46:13:40You practiced 389
46:13:43words in this story and you learned a
46:13:46lot.
46:13:49>> Finished. That's amazing.
46:13:57Which is great.
46:14:09That's amazing.
46:14:12How to lead?
46:14:29Too late.
46:14:31>> Too late. from the book How to Lead by
46:14:35David M. Rubenstein.
46:14:38Myth,
46:14:40firm,
46:14:43investment,
46:14:45finance,
46:14:47leadership,
46:14:5030s,
46:14:52grow up,
46:14:54go back,
46:14:57opportunity,
46:14:59entrepreneur.
46:15:03Many people believe a myth about
46:15:05success.
46:15:08Big companies start with young people in
46:15:13their early 20s.
46:15:29They picture a young entrepreneur
46:15:33in a small room with a big dream.
46:16:00Do many people believe
46:16:04a myth about success.
46:16:16Yes,
46:16:18many people believe a myth
46:16:22about success.
46:16:25Do big companies start with young people
46:16:30or old people?
46:16:41The myth says big companies start with
46:16:45young people in their early 20ies.
46:16:51What do people picture?
46:17:02They picture a young entrepreneur
46:17:06in a small room
46:17:09with a big dream.
46:17:17>> If you are not young, the myth says the
46:17:22door is closed.
46:17:34I think the real story is more useful.
46:17:40Let me tell you about David Rubenstein.
46:18:04Does the myth say
46:18:07the door is open?
46:18:18No.
46:18:20The myth says the door is closed.
46:18:26Is the real story more useful
46:18:31or less useful?
46:18:40The real story is more useful.
46:18:46Who is the real story about?
46:18:58The real story is about
46:19:01David Rubenstein.
46:19:10>> He grew up in Baltimore.
46:19:14His father worked for the post office.
46:19:26Although he grew up with little money,
46:19:29he studied hard and became a lawyer.
46:19:45Let's jump into it.
46:19:47Did he grow up with a lot of money?
46:20:00No.
46:20:02Although he grew up with little money,
46:20:06he studied hard.
46:20:10Did he grow up in Baltimore
46:20:14or in Washington?
46:20:21He grew up in Baltimore.
46:20:26What did he become?
46:20:29Although he grew up with little money.
46:20:40Although he grew up with little money,
46:20:44he became a lawyer.
46:20:52>> Then he got a big job in the White
46:20:56House.
46:20:59He was an advisor to President Jimmy
46:21:02Carter.
46:21:18Then Carter lost the election and
46:21:22suddenly he had to find new work.
46:21:43Did he get a big job
46:21:46in the White House?
46:21:57Yes,
46:21:59he got a big job in the White House.
46:22:05Was he an advisor
46:22:09or a driver
46:22:11to President Jimmy Carter?
46:22:20He was an advisor to President Jimmy
46:22:25Carter.
46:22:27What happened when Carter lost the
46:22:31election?
46:22:40Suddenly
46:22:41he had to find new work.
46:22:51>> He went back to being a lawyer in
46:22:54Washington.
46:22:57However, he was not happy there.
46:23:11He later said he was not a very good
46:23:14lawyer.
46:23:16He did not enjoy the work.
46:23:33>> Let's jump into it.
46:23:35>> Was he happy when he went back to being
46:23:39a lawyer?
46:23:49No,
46:23:52he went back to being a lawyer.
46:23:56However,
46:23:57he was not happy there.
46:24:00Did he go back to law in Washington
46:24:05or in Baltimore?
46:24:13He went back to being a lawyer
46:24:17in Washington.
46:24:20What did he later say
46:24:23about himself?
46:24:34He later said
46:24:37he was not a very good lawyer.
46:24:51Years passed.
46:24:54He was now in his 30s
46:24:58with no training in finance or business.
46:25:16The myth says this is the time to stay
46:25:20safe.
46:25:22Keep the job. Stop dreaming.
46:25:43Did he have training in finance?
46:25:55No,
46:25:57he had no training in finance or
46:26:02business.
46:26:04Was he in his 20ies
46:26:07or in his 30s?
46:26:15He was now
46:26:17in his 30s.
46:26:20What does the myth say?
46:26:31The myth says this is the time to stay
46:26:36safe.
46:26:44However,
46:26:46he saw an opportunity.
46:26:51Investment firms were buying and growing
46:26:55companies
46:26:56and Washington had almost none.
46:27:15In 1987,
46:27:17he started a new firm with a few
46:27:20partners called Carlile.
46:27:40Did Washington have many investment
46:27:44firms?
46:27:52No,
46:27:55Washington had almost none.
46:27:59Did he see a problem or an opportunity?
46:28:11However, he saw an opportunity.
46:28:17What did he start in 1987?
46:28:29In 1987,
46:28:32he started a new firm with a few
46:28:35partners called Carlile.
46:28:45Although he was in his late 30s, he
46:28:49became an entrepreneur
46:28:52in a hard field.
46:29:06He learned finance fast.
46:29:10He asked questions and traveled for long
46:29:14hours to find investors.
46:29:34Was he young when he became an
46:29:37entrepreneur?
46:29:47No.
46:29:49Although he was in his late 30s, he
46:29:53became an entrepreneur.
46:29:57Did he learn finance fast or slowly?
46:30:07He learned finance fast.
46:30:12Why did he travel for long hours?
46:30:23He traveled for long hours to find
46:30:27investors.
46:30:32Lee
46:30:34>> under the leadership of its founders,
46:30:37Carlilele grew.
46:30:40Today, it is one of the biggest
46:30:44investment firms in the world.
46:31:01So what really happened?
46:31:06His biggest success began in his
46:31:09late30s.
46:31:32Did Carlile grow under the leadership of
46:31:35its founders?
46:31:45Yes.
46:31:48Under the leadership of its founders,
46:31:51Carlilele grew.
46:31:54Is Carlile a small firm?
46:31:58or one of the biggest investment firms
46:32:10today. It is one of the biggest
46:32:13investment firms in the world.
46:32:18When did his biggest success begin?
46:32:25His
46:32:32biggest success began in his late30s.
46:32:43>> Although the myth is popular, the truth
46:32:46is kinder.
46:32:49It is not too late to start something
46:32:53new.
46:33:08Later he wrote a book about leadership
46:33:12called How to Lead.
46:33:16His own late start is part of it.
46:33:38Is the myth kinder than the truth?
46:33:51No.
46:33:55Although the myth is popular,
46:33:58the truth is kinder.
46:34:02Did he write a book about leadership
46:34:06or about finance?
46:34:16He wrote a book about leadership called
46:34:20How to Lead.
46:34:23What is part of his book?
46:34:31His own late start is part of it.
46:34:42You know this feeling.
46:34:47You feel behind
46:34:49or you are 40
46:34:52and still dream of better English.
46:35:10Maybe you think other people started
46:35:12earlier, so your opportunity is gone.
46:35:29Awesome.
46:35:35Do you sometimes feel behind?
46:35:47>> Yes.
46:35:49You know this feeling. You feel behind.
46:35:55Do you think your opportunity is here or
46:35:59gone?
46:36:05Maybe you think your opportunity is
46:36:08gone.
46:36:11Why do you think your opportunity is
46:36:14gone?
46:36:24You think other people started earlier
46:36:28so your opportunity is gone.
46:36:38>> You cannot go back in time.
46:36:43However,
46:36:45you can still start today.
46:37:01Your age is not a closed door.
46:37:07It is simply the day you begin.
46:37:30Can you go back in time?
46:37:41No,
46:37:44you cannot go back in time.
46:37:48However, you can still start today.
46:37:54Is your age a closed door
46:37:58or the day you begin?
46:38:09Your age is not a closed door.
46:38:14It is simply the day you begin.
46:38:19What can you still do today?
46:38:29However,
46:38:31you can shields start today.
46:38:36Congratulations.
46:38:42>> If you start today, you are not late.
46:38:48You are on time for your own story.
46:39:08Say one English sentence aloud now about
46:39:13what you will start.
46:39:17Good.
46:39:20You have started.
46:39:37>> Final round.
46:39:43Are you
46:39:45late?
46:39:47If you start today,
46:39:58no.
46:40:00If you start today,
46:40:03you are not late.
46:40:06Should you say an English sentence aloud
46:40:10or write it?
46:40:18Say one English sentence aloud now.
46:40:23What are you on time for?
46:40:32You are on time for your own story.
46:40:44The grammar we practice today.
46:40:47Although, however, although he grew up
46:40:50with little money, he studied hard and
46:40:53became a lawyer.
46:40:57However, he was not happy there.
46:41:01However, he saw an opportunity.
46:41:06Although he was in his late 30s, he
46:41:08became an entrepreneur in a hard field.
46:41:18Congratulations.
46:41:20You practiced 390 words in this story
46:41:24and you learned a lot.
46:41:28Great job.
46:41:40That's amazing.
46:41:48And that's such an amazing thing. Now,
46:41:51let's take a quick break and listen to
46:41:54one of the real stories from one of my
46:41:58students.
46:42:00for
46:42:02English.
46:42:23for
46:42:35podcast.
46:43:01accent.
46:43:31beych.
46:44:10formus.
46:44:34Tomarus.
46:44:37for
46:45:06sure.
46:45:13What's up?
46:45:25So you
46:45:50will step
46:46:14But anyways,
46:46:20how to win friends and influence people.
46:46:22Dale Carnegie.
46:46:46It really helps.
46:46:58The headmaster's answer.
46:47:00>> The headmaster's Answer from the book
46:47:04How to Win Friends and Influence People
46:47:07by Dale Carnei.
46:47:10Beg,
46:47:12ignore,
46:47:14sweep,
46:47:16headmaster.
46:47:19Housekeeper.
46:47:22Nowhere.
46:47:24Praise.
46:47:26Get up.
46:47:28Mentor.
46:47:31Inspire.
46:47:35This story has two heroes.
46:47:40The world remembers one of them
46:47:45and forgets the other.
46:48:03The first hero was a boy of 14.
46:48:08He worked in a shop that sold cloth.
46:48:37Does the world remember both heroes?
46:48:51No.
46:48:54The world remembers one of them and
46:48:58forgets the other.
46:49:01Was the first hero a boy or a man?
46:49:12The first hero was a boy of 14.
46:49:18Where did the boy work?
46:49:26He worked in a shop that sold cloth.
46:49:38The shop was in South Sea, a town by the
46:49:42sea in the south of England.
46:49:53Every day he got up very early.
46:49:58He swept the floor before the shop
46:50:01opened.
46:50:18Did he get up late?
46:50:28No.
46:50:31Every day he got up very early.
46:50:36Was the shop in London or in South Sea?
46:50:48The shop was in South Sea, a town by the
46:50:52sea.
46:50:54What did he do before the shop opened?
46:51:05He swept the floor before the shop
46:51:09opened. Extraordinary.
46:51:13Let's keep it up.
46:51:16>> Then he stood behind the counter and
46:51:19served customers for about 13 hours.
46:51:35He hated the work.
46:51:39He had [sighs] little time to read, to
46:51:42learn, and to think.
46:51:57Now it's your turn. Answer the
46:52:00questions.
46:52:02>> Did he have a lot of time to read?
46:52:14No,
46:52:16he had little time to read, to learn,
46:52:22and to think.
46:52:25Did he love the work or hate it?
46:52:33He hated the work.
46:52:36How long did he serve customers?
46:52:46He served customers for about 13 hours.
46:52:57Let's jump into
46:53:01Let's keep it up. His family had little
46:53:05money.
46:53:07They wanted him to learn a trade and
46:53:10earn a living.
46:53:22Two years passed.
46:53:26One morning he could not take anymore.
46:53:46speaking skills.
46:53:49Did his family have a lot of money?
46:53:59No. His
46:54:02family had little money.
46:54:06Did his family want him to study or to
46:54:10learn a trade?
46:54:19They wanted him to learn a trade and
46:54:23earn a living.
46:54:27What happened one morning
46:54:30after 2 years?
46:54:39One morning he could not take anymore.
46:54:51He did not wait for breakfast.
46:54:55He walked about 15 miles to beg his
46:55:00mother for help.
46:55:14She was working as a housekeeper in a
46:55:17big house.
46:55:20He cried and begged her to let him
46:55:24leave.
46:55:46Did he wait for breakfast?
46:55:56No,
46:55:58he did not wait for breakfast.
46:56:02Was his mother a teacher or a
46:56:05housekeeper?
46:56:13She was working as a housekeeper
46:56:16in a big house.
46:56:19What did he beg his mother to do?
46:56:30He cried and begged her to let him
46:56:35leave.
46:56:37Congratulations.
46:56:39Let's keep going.
46:56:42>> Then the housekeeper's son did something
46:56:45small.
46:56:48He wrote a long letter
46:56:52to his old headmaster.
46:57:09In the letter he said he was very
46:57:12unhappy.
46:57:15He felt his life was going nowhere.
46:57:38Did the housekeeper's son write a long
46:57:42letter?
46:57:51Yes,
46:57:53he wrote a long letter to his old
46:57:58headmaster.
46:58:01Was he happy or very unhappy?
46:58:12He said
46:58:14he was very unhappy.
46:58:18Where did he feel his life was going?
46:58:29He felt his life
46:58:31was going nowhere.
46:58:40Now think about the second hero, the
46:58:44headmaster.
46:58:48Many busy men ignore letters like this.
46:58:55He did not ignore it.
46:59:13He wrote back and his answer was full of
46:59:19praise.
46:59:36Did the headmaster
46:59:39ignore the letter?
46:59:50No.
46:59:52Many busy men ignore letters like this.
46:59:58He did not ignore it.
47:00:02Was his answer full of anger
47:00:06or full of praise?
47:00:15His answer was full of praise.
47:00:20Who is the second hero?
47:00:29The second hero
47:00:32is the headmaster.
47:00:36>> Well done.
47:00:40>> He said the boy was very clever.
47:00:45He said he was made for better things
47:00:49than a shop.
47:01:04and he offered him a job at the school
47:01:08as a young teacher.
47:01:28Did the headmaster say the boy was
47:01:30clever?
47:01:38Yes.
47:01:40He said the boy was very clever.
47:01:45Was the job at a shop or at the school?
47:01:58He offered him a job at the school as a
47:02:02young teacher.
47:02:05What was the boy made for?
47:02:15He was made for better things than a
47:02:19shop. [clears throat]
47:02:27>> Inspired, the boy left the shop.
47:02:33He taught, studied, and won a place to
47:02:37study science in London.
47:02:55later. He began to write.
47:02:58He wrote stories about a time machine
47:03:02and visitors from Mars.
47:03:20Awesome.
47:03:25Did the boy stay in the shop?
47:03:38No.
47:03:40Inspired.
47:03:42The boy left the shop.
47:03:46Did he study science in London
47:03:49or in South Sea?
47:03:58He won a place to study science in
47:04:02London.
47:04:05What did he write stories about?
47:04:17He wrote stories about a time machine
47:04:21and visitors from Mars.
47:04:33swept that floor.
47:04:37He was HG
47:04:41Wells,
47:04:43one of the most famous writers in
47:04:46English.
47:05:02His old headmaster and mentor was Horus
47:05:07Batt.
47:05:10Few people remember his name today.
47:05:30speaking.
47:05:36Do many people remember the headmaster's
47:05:39name?
47:05:48No.
47:05:51Few people remember his name today.
47:05:55Was his old mentor Horris Bry
47:06:00or the shop owner?
47:06:10His old headmaster and mentor
47:06:14was Horus By.
47:06:18Who was the boy who swept that floor?
47:06:31He was H G Wells,
47:06:36one of the most famous writers in
47:06:39English.
47:06:46>> The secret is simple.
47:06:51A few kind words
47:06:54and a little praise
47:06:57changed the direction of a life.
47:07:15So try a small experiment.
47:07:20When you get up, write a few English
47:07:24lines to a teacher [clears throat] who
47:07:26helped you.
47:07:45Did a few kind words
47:07:49change a life?
47:07:59Yes.
47:08:02A few kind words and a little praise
47:08:07change the direction of a life.
47:08:12Should you write a long book or a few
47:08:16English lines?
47:08:26Write a few English lines
47:08:29to a teacher who helped you.
47:08:33When should you write to a teacher?
47:08:45When you get up,
47:08:48write a few English lines to a teacher
47:08:52who helped you.
47:09:02Then find someone who feels their
47:09:05learning is going nowhere.
47:09:09Tell them one true good thing about
47:09:13their work.
47:09:28Your words may inspire someone.
47:09:34You may be the mentor in the shadow.
47:09:38for someone else.
47:09:56Final round.
47:10:01Can your words inspire someone?
47:10:13Yes,
47:10:16your words may inspire someone.
47:10:20Should you tell them a good thing or a
47:10:24bad thing?
47:10:35Tell them one true good thing about
47:10:40their work.
47:10:42Who may you be for someone else?
47:10:54You may be the mentor in the shadow for
47:10:58someone else.
47:11:07The grammar we practice today, a few, a
47:11:11little. He had little time to read, to
47:11:14learn, and to think.
47:11:18His family had little money.
47:11:23Few people remember his name today.
47:11:27A few kind words and a little praise
47:11:30change the direction of a life.
47:11:40Congratulations.
47:11:42You practiced 388
47:11:45words in this story and you learned a
47:11:48lot.
47:11:50>> Awesome. Wonderful. Beautiful.
47:12:10That's that's super great.
47:12:14How to stop worrying and start living.
47:12:29Twitter.
47:12:40[laughter]
47:12:47Saturday's night.
47:12:49Saturday night from the book How to Stop
47:12:53Worrying and Start Living by Dale
47:12:56Cariegi.
47:12:58Review
47:13:00Appointment
47:13:03Private
47:13:05Weekly.
47:13:07Unhappy
47:13:10look back.
47:13:12Write down
47:13:15reflect.
47:13:18improvement
47:13:20schedule.
47:13:23A man made mistakes at work and nobody
47:13:28was teaching him anymore.
47:13:40His name was H P.
47:13:44Powell.
47:13:47He left school
47:13:50when he was still young.
47:14:12Was anybody teaching him at work?
47:14:25No,
47:14:27nobody was teaching him anymore.
47:14:34Did he leave school young
47:14:37or old?
47:14:45He left school
47:14:47when he was still young.
47:14:51What was his name?
47:14:57His
47:15:02name was
47:15:04H
47:15:06P
47:15:08Howell.
47:15:15>> His first job was in a small country
47:15:18store.
47:15:20Later he worked for a big steel company.
47:15:36He climbed high
47:15:39in time. He became the head of a big
47:15:43bank in New York.
47:16:03was his first job in a big bank.
47:16:15No,
47:16:18his first job was in a small country
47:16:21store.
47:16:24Did he work for a steel company
47:16:27or a car company?
47:16:36Later he worked for a big steel company.
47:16:43What did he become in New York?
47:16:54He became the head of a big bank in New
47:16:59York.
47:17:09Let's keep it up.
47:17:11Dale Cariegi wrote about him in How to
47:17:15Stop Worrying and Start Living.
47:17:29Every week, Howal had a full schedule of
47:17:33meetings.
47:17:35He talked to many people and made many
47:17:39decisions.
47:17:58speaking.
47:18:01Did Howell have a full schedule?
47:18:13Yes.
47:18:15Every week How had a full schedule of
47:18:19meetings.
47:18:21Did he talk to a few people or many
47:18:25people?
47:18:33He talked to many people and made many
47:18:38decisions.
47:18:40Who wrote about him?
47:18:47Dale Carnegie wrote about him.
47:18:56Some of those decisions were wrong.
47:19:01At work, there was no teacher and no
47:19:06grade.
47:19:21What would you do in his place?
47:19:26Ask yourself
47:19:28before you hear his answer.
47:19:48Were all his decisions right?
47:19:58No,
47:20:00some of those decisions were wrong.
47:20:05At work,
47:20:06was there a teacher or no teacher
47:20:20at work? There was no teacher and no
47:20:25grade.
47:20:27What should you ask yourself?
47:20:39Ask yourself,
47:20:41what would you do in his place?
47:20:52Many people forget their mistakes
47:20:54quickly.
47:20:57Tomorrow is a new day. They say
47:21:11other people blame themselves all the
47:21:14time.
47:21:16They worry
47:21:18and they feel unhappy for weeks.
47:21:42Do other people blame themselves?
47:21:55Yes.
47:21:58Other people blame themselves
47:22:01all the time.
47:22:04Do they feel happy or unhappy for weeks?
47:22:16They feel unhappy
47:22:19for weeks.
47:22:22What do many people say about their
47:22:24mistakes?
47:22:33Tomorrow is a new day, they say.
47:22:41>> How did something stranger?
47:22:46Every Saturday night
47:22:49he had a private appointment
47:22:52with one person
47:22:57himself.
47:23:13His family knew this.
47:23:17They never made plans for him on
47:23:21Saturday evening.
47:23:37What
47:23:38>> did How have a private appointment every
47:23:43Saturday night?
47:23:53Yes.
47:23:55Every Saturday night he had a private
47:23:59appointment with one person.
47:24:04Was the appointment with his family
47:24:08or with himself?
47:24:17He had a private appointment
47:24:20with himself
47:24:23who never made plans for him on Saturday
47:24:27evening.
47:24:30His
47:24:36family never made plans for him. On
47:24:40Saturday evening,
47:24:46>> after dinner, he went off by himself and
47:24:50opened his appointment book.
47:25:01He looked back at every meeting, at
47:25:04every talk since Monday morning,
47:25:09one by One.
47:25:26>> Now it's your turn. Answer the
47:25:29questions.
47:25:31>> Did he go off with his family after
47:25:36dinner?
47:25:45No.
47:25:48After dinner, [snorts]
47:25:50he went off by himself.
47:25:54Did he open his appointment book or a
47:25:58newspaper?
47:26:06He opened
47:26:08his appointment book.
47:26:11What did he look back at?
47:26:23He looked back at every meeting
47:26:26and every talk
47:26:29since Monday morning.
47:26:38He asked himself what mistakes he made
47:26:41that week and what he did well.
47:26:44[clears throat]
47:26:55Then he asked what improvement he could
47:26:58make
47:27:00and what lesson he could learn.
47:27:19Did he ask himself
47:27:21about his mistakes?
47:27:33Yes,
47:27:36he asked himself what mistakes he made
47:27:40that week.
47:27:43Did he ask only about mistakes
47:27:48or also what he did well?
47:27:59He asked himself what mistakes he made
47:28:04and what he did well.
47:28:08What else did he ask?
47:28:19He asked what improvement he could make
47:28:24and what lesson he could learn.
47:28:27[clears throat]
47:28:35>> Sometimes this review made him very
47:28:38unhappy.
47:28:42He [sighs and snorts] was surprised at
47:28:44himself.
47:28:58Year after year he kept this weekly
47:29:01appointment.
47:29:04Slowly his mistakes became fewer.
47:29:21Awesome. Wait, let's go.
47:29:25>> Did this review sometimes make him
47:29:29unhappy?
47:29:40Yes.
47:29:42Sometimes this review
47:29:45made him very unhappy.
47:29:49Was he surprised at other people
47:29:53or at himself?
47:30:02He was surprised
47:30:04at himself
47:30:07what happened to his mistakes
47:30:10year after year.
47:30:21Year after year he kept this weekly
47:30:25appointment.
47:30:28Slowly
47:30:30his mistakes became fewer.
47:30:41>> He said this habit helped him more than
47:30:44anything else he ever tried.
47:30:57He left school young.
47:31:01Still he never stopped learning.
47:31:05He taught himself
47:31:08one quiet evening each week.
47:31:34Did he stop learning when he left
47:31:38school?
47:31:48No,
47:31:51he never stopped learning.
47:31:55He taught himself.
47:31:59Did a teacher teach him
47:32:02or did he teach himself?
47:32:13He taught himself
47:32:16one quiet evening each week.
47:32:21What did he say about this habit?
47:32:35He said this habit helped him more than
47:32:39anything else he ever tried.
47:32:44>> All right, back to the story.
47:32:48>> A weekly review is a private school and
47:32:52you are its only student and teacher.
47:33:08So, here is a small experiment.
47:33:12Put it in your schedule for the next 4
47:33:16weeks.
47:33:35Is a weekly review
47:33:38a private school?
47:33:49Yes,
47:33:52a weekly review is a private school.
47:33:58Are you its only student or one of many?
47:34:12You are its only student
47:34:16and teacher.
47:34:19Where should you put the experiment?
47:34:30Put it in your schedule for the next
47:34:34four weeks.
47:34:37Extraordinary. Let's keep it up in
47:34:41>> this Saturday.
47:34:43Sit by yourself for 15 minutes.
47:34:49Reflect on your week in your English
47:34:54notebook.
47:35:10Look back at each day.
47:35:14Which English words did you use?
47:35:19Which ones did you forget?
47:35:42Should you sit with friends this
47:35:44Saturday?
47:35:54No.
47:35:56This Saturday, sit by yourself for 15
47:36:01minutes.
47:36:03Should you reflect on your week or on
47:36:08your year?
47:36:18Reflect on your week in your English
47:36:22notebook.
47:36:24What should you look back at?
47:36:32Look back at each day.
47:36:39And let's continue.
47:36:42Where did you make a mistake?
47:36:47Write down one improvement for next
47:36:51week.
47:37:04Then close the notebook.
47:37:09Next Saturday,
47:37:11open it,
47:37:13reflect again,
47:37:16and write [clears throat] down what
47:37:19changed.
47:37:40Let's jump into it.
47:37:42>> Should you write down many things?
47:37:54No.
47:37:57Write down one improvement for next
47:38:01week.
47:38:03Should you close the notebook or keep it
47:38:07open?
47:38:14Then close the notebook.
47:38:18What should you do next Saturday?
47:38:31Next Saturday, open it, reflect again,
47:38:37and write down what changed.
47:38:48The grammar we practice today, reflexive
47:38:52pronouns.
47:38:53Ask yourself before you hear his answer.
47:38:59Other people blame themselves all the
47:39:02time.
47:39:04Howal did something stranger. Every
47:39:07Saturday night, he had a private
47:39:09appointment with one person, himself.
47:39:15After dinner, he went off by himself and
47:39:18opened his appointment book.
47:39:26Congratulations.
47:39:28You practiced 377
47:39:31words in this story and you learned a
47:39:34lot.
47:39:36Fabulous.
47:40:09That was it.
47:40:13I I really really appreciate you
47:40:16practicing your English and learning
47:40:18something new.
47:40:20Eth revisited
47:40:50The coffee.
47:40:52>> The coffee from the book The E-Myth
47:40:56Revisited by Michael E. Gerber.
47:41:00Checklist.
47:41:03Brand
47:41:05depend
47:41:08pillow.
47:41:10Nearby
47:41:12waiter
47:41:14mint.
47:41:16Fireplace.
47:41:19Traveler.
47:41:21Memorable.
47:41:24How did a small hotel know which coffee
47:41:30a tired traveler liked?
47:41:43many years ago, a traveler arrived late
47:41:47at a small hotel in Northern California.
47:42:13Did the traveler arrive early?
47:42:25No,
47:42:27a traveler arrived late
47:42:31at a small [clears throat] hotel.
47:42:35Was the hotel big or small?
47:42:47It was a small hotel in Northern
47:42:50California.
47:42:53What did the small hotel know?
47:43:06The hotel knew which coffee a tired
47:43:11traveler liked.
47:43:18>> His name was Michael Gerber.
47:43:23He was tired and he expected nothing
47:43:27special.
47:43:40in his room. Wood was ready in the
47:43:44fireplace with a long match nearby.
47:44:05Did he expect something special?
47:44:17No,
47:44:19he was tired and he expected nothing
47:44:23special.
47:44:25Was the wood in the fireplace
47:44:29or on the floor?
47:44:40Wood was ready in the fireplace
47:44:43with a long match nearby.
47:44:47Where was the long match?
47:44:56A long match was nearby.
47:45:05After dinner, he came back.
47:45:10Someone had lit the fire in the
47:45:13fireplace
47:45:15and his bed was ready.
47:45:32There was a small mint on his pillow.
47:45:37Someone had thought of that, too.
47:45:56Had someone lit the fire?
47:46:09Yes,
47:46:11someone had lit the fire in the
47:46:14fireplace.
47:46:17Was the mint on his pillow
47:46:20or on his table?
47:46:28There was a small mint on his pillow.
47:46:33Who had thought of the mint?
47:46:41Someone had thought of that, too.
47:46:47Lee.
47:46:50>> The next morning, a pot of coffee was
47:46:53ready in his room.
47:46:56It was his own brand.
47:47:11How did they know?
47:47:14He did not remember asking anyone.
47:47:19Think for a moment.
47:47:30Was
47:47:41the coffee his own brand?
47:47:52>> Yes,
47:47:53it was his own brand.
47:47:57Was the coffee ready in the morning or
47:48:02at night?
47:48:10The next morning, a pot of coffee was
47:48:13ready in his room.
47:48:16What did he not remember?
47:48:24He did not remember asking anyone.
47:48:30>> I'm super proud of you.
47:48:36>> The easy answer is luck.
47:48:41The workers were kind and he was lucky.
47:48:58Then he remembered
47:49:01at dinner a waiter asked which brand of
47:49:05coffee he liked.
47:49:21Great.
47:49:25Is luck the easy answer?
47:49:38Yes.
47:49:40The easy answer is luck.
47:49:45Did a waiter or the manager ask about
47:49:49his coffee.
47:49:59At dinner, a waiter asked which brand of
47:50:03coffee he liked.
47:50:06What did the waiter ask?
47:50:15The waiter asked which brand of coffee
47:50:20he liked.
47:50:28He answered the waiter
47:50:31and forgot.
47:50:34The hotel did not forget
47:50:40somebody had heard him.
47:50:57He came back again and every visit was
47:51:01memorable.
47:51:04After his third visit, he asked to meet
47:51:08the manager.
47:51:27Okay. Now,
47:51:30>> did the hotel forget?
47:51:42No,
47:51:44the hotel did not forget.
47:51:49Somebody had heard him.
47:51:52Was every [clears throat] visit
47:51:54memorable or boring?
47:52:02Every visit was memorable.
47:52:06Who did he ask to meet after his third
47:52:09visit?
47:52:19After his third visit, he asked to meet
47:52:23the manager.
47:52:27>> Well done.
47:52:31The manager was a young man
47:52:355 months before
47:52:37he was a cook in a restaurant nearby.
47:52:54He showed Gerber a book of checklists.
47:52:59The owner wrote them all before the
47:53:02hotel opened.
47:53:17Let's jump into it.
47:53:19>> Was the manager an old man?
47:53:28No,
47:53:30the manager was a young man.
47:53:34Was he a cook in a restaurant nearby
47:53:38or far away?
47:53:48He was a cook in a restaurant nearby.
47:53:54What did he show Gerber?
47:54:03He showed Gerber a book of checklists.
47:54:13Let's jump into
47:54:17Let's keep it up.
47:54:19When to light the fire?
47:54:23Where to put the mint on the pillow?
47:54:27What to ask each guest at dinner.
47:54:45Every worker followed the same
47:54:47checklist.
47:54:50So everyone got the same care every day.
47:55:13Did everyone get the same care?
47:55:25Yes,
47:55:27every worker followed the same
47:55:30checklist. So, everyone got the same
47:55:35care.
47:55:37Did workers follow different checklists
47:55:43or the same checklist?
47:55:54Every worker followed
47:55:58the same
47:56:00checklist.
47:56:02Where did they put the mint?
47:56:11They put the mint on the pillow.
47:56:17That's amazing.
47:56:20That was the missing clue.
47:56:25The kindness was real
47:56:28and the checklist made every stay
47:56:33memorable.
47:56:48Later, Gerber wrote about that hotel in
47:56:52the E-Myth Revisited.
47:57:07Was the kindness real?
47:57:17Yes,
47:57:19the kindness was real.
47:57:24Did luck or the checklist make every
47:57:29stay memorable?
47:57:38The checklist made every stay memorable.
47:57:45Where did Gerber write about that hotel?
47:57:57Gerber wrote about that hotel
47:58:00in the ETH revisited.
47:58:06>> Fabulous. Let's keep it up.
47:58:09>> He saw that many small businesses depend
47:58:12on one tired owner who does everything
47:58:17alone.
47:58:30When that owner has a bad day,
47:58:34every customer has a bad day, too.
47:58:53Do many small businesses depend on one
47:58:58tired owner?
47:59:08Yes,
47:59:11many small businesses depend on one
47:59:14tired owner who does everything alone.
47:59:20Does the owner do everything alone
47:59:25or with a team?
47:59:33The owner does everything alone.
47:59:38What happens when that owner has a bad
47:59:42day?
47:59:49Every customer has a bad day, too.
47:59:55>> Extraordinary. Let's keep it up.
47:59:59>> A good system turns care into a habit.
48:00:04So, nothing depends on luck.
48:00:21Real service is a system that cares for
48:00:25every person the same way.
48:00:43Let's jump into it.
48:00:45>> Does anything depend on luck in a good
48:00:50system?
48:00:59No.
48:01:02A good system turns care into a habit.
48:01:07So nothing depends on luck.
48:01:11Does real service care for some people
48:01:16or every person?
48:01:27Real service cares for every person the
48:01:32same way.
48:01:34What does a good system turn care into?
48:01:45A good system turns care into a habit.
48:01:50[snorts]
48:01:56Now think about the people you will
48:01:58serve.
48:02:00Students, patients, clients, or your
48:02:03team.
48:02:15Don't ask how can I be nice today.
48:02:21Ask what can I do well
48:02:25every time.
48:02:45speaking skills.
48:02:48Will you serve people like students or
48:02:52patients?
48:03:02Yes,
48:03:04you will serve students, patients,
48:03:07clients, or your team.
48:03:11Should you ask how to be nice
48:03:15or what to do? Well,
48:03:26ask what can I do well every time?
48:03:32What should you not ask?
48:03:41Don't ask how can I be nice today.
48:03:47That's amazing.
48:03:50Let's jump into
48:03:52Start small in English.
48:03:57Write a short checklist for one task you
48:04:02repeat every week.
48:04:18Follow it every time.
48:04:23Slowly
48:04:24your care will become a system too.
48:04:43Final round.
48:04:48Should you write a long checklist?
48:05:00No.
48:05:03Write a short checklist for one task you
48:05:07repeat every week.
48:05:10Should you follow it once or every time?
48:05:20Follow it every time.
48:05:24What will your care become?
48:05:34Slowly
48:05:36your care will become a system too.
48:05:47The grammar we practice today.
48:05:50Something, nothing, everyone. He was
48:05:53tired and he expected nothing special.
48:05:59Someone had lit the fire in the
48:06:00fireplace and his bed was ready.
48:06:05Someone had thought of that, too.
48:06:09He did not remember asking anyone.
48:06:19Congratulations.
48:06:21You practiced 383 words in this story
48:06:25and you learned a lot.
48:06:49That's amazing. That's That's such a
48:06:51beautiful opportunity.
48:06:58Lincoln, the unknown.
48:07:02Dale Carnegie,
48:07:09Abraham Lincoln.
48:07:21The wet book.
48:07:24>> The wet book from the book Lincoln the
48:07:27Unknown by Dale Cariegi.
48:07:31Borrow
48:07:34Farmer
48:07:36Ruin
48:07:38Belong.
48:07:40Hunger
48:07:42cabin
48:07:45wooden
48:07:47corn
48:07:49stack
48:07:51log.
48:07:54Look at this old book.
48:07:59Its pages are wet and heavy.
48:08:04The ink is running down the paper.
48:08:22It is a book about George Washington,
48:08:26the first American president.
48:08:54Is the old book dry?
48:09:05No,
48:09:07its pages are wet and heavy.
48:09:13Is the book about George Washington
48:09:17or Abraham Lincoln?
48:09:27It is a book about George Washington,
48:09:32the first [clears throat] American
48:09:34president.
48:09:36What is running down the paper?
48:09:44The ink is running down the paper.
48:09:51Let's
48:09:52jump.
48:09:57Let's keep it up.
48:09:59It does not belong to the boy holding
48:10:02it.
48:10:04His name is Abraham Lincoln.
48:10:19He was poor.
48:10:21and his family lived in a small wooden
48:10:24cabin in Indiana.
48:10:41Let's jump into it.
48:10:44Does the book belong to the boy?
48:10:55No,
48:10:57it does not belong to the boy holding
48:11:00it.
48:11:03Did his family live in a big house
48:11:09or a wooden cabin?
48:11:11His
48:11:20family lived in a small wooden cabin in
48:11:25Indiana.
48:11:27What is the boy's name?
48:11:36His name is
48:11:38Abraham Lincoln.
48:11:46He had very little school.
48:11:50His family had only a few books and he
48:11:54read them again and again.
48:12:12He wanted more, but he had no money.
48:12:17So he borrowed anything with words in
48:12:20it.
48:12:39>> Did his family have many books?
48:12:50No,
48:12:52his family had only a few books.
48:12:57Did he buy books or borrow them?
48:13:10He had no money,
48:13:13so he borrowed anything with words in
48:13:17it.
48:13:19How did he read his few books?
48:13:28He read them again and again.
48:13:41A farmer near his home owned a few
48:13:44books.
48:13:47The boy often worked on this farmer's
48:13:50land.
48:14:03So he borrowed some of them.
48:14:07One was this book about Washington.
48:14:24Awesome.
48:14:30Did the farmer own a few books?
48:14:42>> Yes.
48:14:43A farmer near his home owned a few
48:14:47books.
48:14:49Did the boy work on the farmer's land or
48:14:53in a shop?
48:15:01The boy often worked on this farmer's
48:15:05land.
48:15:08Which book did he borrow?
48:15:17One was this book about Washington.
48:15:22All right, back to the story.
48:15:26>> He loved it.
48:15:29Every night in the cabin, he read it
48:15:32until the light was gone.
48:15:46At bedtime, he pushed it into a gap
48:15:50between the logs of the wooden wall.
48:16:08Did he read
48:16:10until the light was gone?
48:16:21Yes.
48:16:23[sighs]
48:16:24Every night in the cabin
48:16:28he read it until the light was gone.
48:16:32Did he put the book under his bed or
48:16:36between the logs?
48:16:46He pushed it into a gap between the logs
48:16:50of the wooden wall.
48:16:53Where did he read every night?
48:17:02Every night in the cabin he read it.
48:17:09I'm super proud of you.
48:17:14>> That way it was ready for him as soon as
48:17:19the morning light came in.
48:17:31Then one night a storm came.
48:17:38Rain came in between the logs and the
48:17:41book was soaked.
48:18:06Was the book ready as soon as the
48:18:09morning light came in?
48:18:20Yes,
48:18:22it was ready for him as soon as the
48:18:25morning light came in.
48:18:29Did rain or snow come in between the
48:18:33logs?
48:18:41Rain came in between the logs and the
48:18:45book was soaked.
48:18:48What came one night?
48:18:56One night a storm came.
48:19:05The book was ruined
48:19:09and it did not even belong to him.
48:19:22As soon as he saw the ruined book, he
48:19:26went to the farmer and explained
48:19:45Was the book ruined?
48:19:56Yes,
48:19:58the book was ruined
48:20:01and it did not even belong to him.
48:20:06Did he hide the book or go to the
48:20:09farmer?
48:20:18As soon as he saw the ruined book, he
48:20:22went to the farmer.
48:20:25When did he go to the farmer?
48:20:36As soon as he saw the ruined book, he
48:20:40went to the farmer and explained
48:20:46Guess
48:20:48>> the farmer did not want it back.
48:20:53The boy had no money, so he paid in the
48:20:57only way he could.
48:21:14For three days he worked in the farmer's
48:21:18fields cutting and stacking corn plants.
48:21:38Did the farmer want the book back?
48:21:49No,
48:21:51the farmer did not want it back.
48:21:57Did he pay with money
48:22:00or with work?
48:22:11He worked in the farmer's fields cutting
48:22:15and stacking corn plants.
48:22:19How long [snorts] did he work in the
48:22:22fields [clears throat]
48:22:31for three days
48:22:34he worked in the farmer's fields?
48:22:39>> Extraordinary. Let's keep it up.
48:22:43>> He stacked corn until the book was paid
48:22:47for.
48:22:51Read that number again.
48:22:543 days for one wet book.
48:23:13After those three days, did he stop
48:23:17borrowing books?
48:23:19No,
48:23:21he kept borrowing and he kept reading.
48:23:43speaking.
48:23:48Did he stop borrowing books?
48:24:00No,
48:24:02he kept borrowing and he kept reading.
48:24:09Did he stack wood or corn until the book
48:24:14was paid for?
48:24:24He stacked corn until the book was paid
48:24:29for.
48:24:31How many days did he work for one wet
48:24:36book?
48:24:45Three days for one wet book.
48:24:56Years later, that poor boy became
48:25:00president, too.
48:25:03Like the man in the wet book.
48:25:19He made a mistake
48:25:21and he paid for it honestly.
48:25:26His hunger for books did not get
48:25:30smaller.
48:25:49speaking.
48:25:52Did his hunger for books get smaller?
48:26:05No.
48:26:07His hunger for books did not get
48:26:11smaller.
48:26:13Did the poor boy become a farmer
48:26:17or a president?
48:26:28Years later, that poor boy became
48:26:32president, too.
48:26:36How did he pay for his mistake?
48:26:47He made a mistake
48:26:49and he paid for it honestly.
48:26:58>> Maybe those three days even taught him
48:27:02how much one good book is worth.
48:27:16Dale Cariegi records this small moment
48:27:21in his book Lincoln the Unknown.
48:27:37Great.
48:27:41>> Did Dale Cariegi record this small
48:27:44moment?
48:27:54Yes.
48:27:56Dale Carnegie records this small moment
48:28:02in Lincoln. The Unknown
48:28:05[clears throat]
48:28:06is the book Lincoln the Unknown or
48:28:10Lincoln the Farmer.
48:28:17The book is Lincoln the Unknown.
48:28:23What did those three days maybe teach
48:28:26him?
48:28:36Maybe they taught him how much one good
48:28:40book is worth.
48:28:47And let's continue.
48:28:49>> So pay honestly for your mistakes
48:28:53and keep your hunger for books.
48:29:09today. You do not need to work in a
48:29:12field for a book.
48:29:21So ask yourself, which English book will
48:29:25I read every night until the last page?
48:29:46Final round.
48:29:52Do you need to work in a field for a
48:29:55book today?
48:30:06No.
48:30:08Today you do not need to work in a field
48:30:11for a book.
48:30:14Should you keep your hunger for books or
48:30:18lose it?
48:30:24Keep your hunger for books.
48:30:29Until when should you read your English
48:30:32book?
48:30:40Read it every night
48:30:43until the last page.
48:30:53The grammar we practice today until as
48:30:57soon as every night in the cabin he read
48:31:00it until the light was gone.
48:31:05That way it was ready for him as soon as
48:31:08the morning light came in.
48:31:12As soon as he saw the ruined book, he
48:31:15went to the farmer and explained.
48:31:19He stacked corn until the book was paid
48:31:22for.
48:31:29Congratulations.
48:31:31You practiced 381
48:31:35words in this story and you learned a
48:31:37lot.
48:31:40Super proud of you.
48:31:52This is great. Let's keep it up.
48:32:02I want you to kind of listen to the
48:32:03story, you know.
48:32:19English is not difficult. English is not
48:32:22impossible. You just need to stay
48:32:24consistent.
48:32:41What does
48:32:45vocabulary
48:32:47form.
48:32:53Okay.
48:33:03[clears throat]
48:33:14vocabulary.
48:33:32Hazi
48:33:35for
48:34:04Canot.
48:34:18Come on,
48:34:22vocabulary.
48:34:34AI,
48:34:37Shakespeare,
48:34:57AI Shakespeare.
48:35:14Can Shakespeare AI
48:35:58Alhamdulillah.
48:36:38Alhamdulillah.
48:36:44Awesome.
48:37:06If it's something amazing, it's
48:37:08something totally crazy.
48:37:18Outliers.
48:37:32The room that never closed.
48:37:35>> The room that never closed from the book
48:37:38Outliers by Malcolm Gladwell.
48:37:43Genius.
48:37:45Keyboard.
48:37:47Clever.
48:37:49Rare.
48:37:52Center.
48:37:54Punch.
48:37:56Appear.
48:37:58Programmer.
48:38:01Mastery.
48:38:03Rewrite.
48:38:06Here is a story
48:38:09many people believe.
48:38:14Some people are born geniuses
48:38:18and they do not need practice.
48:38:35It is easy to believe this about a
48:38:38clever programmer like Bill Joy.
48:39:02Do many people believe
48:39:06some people are born
48:39:09geniuses?
48:39:19Yes.
48:39:21Many people believe some people are born
48:39:25geniuses.
48:39:28Is Bill Joy a clever programmer
48:39:32or a clever teacher?
48:39:39He is a clever programmer.
48:39:43What do people think born geniuses do
48:39:48not need?
48:39:56They think born geniuses do not need
48:40:01practice.
48:40:04Extraordinary. Let's keep it up.
48:40:07>> He wrote software that millions of
48:40:10people used.
48:40:13Some of it became part of the internet.
48:40:17People
48:40:28called him a genius.
48:40:32They thought his talent simply appeared
48:40:36one day.
48:40:56Did millions of people use his software?
48:41:08Yes,
48:41:10millions of people used his software.
48:41:15Did people call him a genius
48:41:18or a fool?
48:41:25People called him a genius.
48:41:30What did people think about his talent?
48:41:41They thought his talent simply
48:41:45appeared one day.
48:41:56Let's keep it up.
48:41:58The true story starts in 1971
48:42:03at the University of Michigan.
48:42:16Joy was a tall, thin teenager.
48:42:21He was planning to study maths or
48:42:24science.
48:42:26Was
48:42:43Joy planning to study music?
48:42:55No,
48:42:57he was planning to study maths or
48:43:01science.
48:43:03Was Joy a short teenager
48:43:07or a tall teenager?
48:43:15Joy was a tall, thin teenager.
48:43:20Where does the true story start?
48:43:31The true story starts at the University
48:43:35of Michigan.
48:43:42That year, the university opened a new
48:43:45computer center.
48:43:48He walked in almost by chance.
48:44:05At that time most [sighs and gasps]
48:44:07students were using computers in a very
48:44:10slow way.
48:44:23Great.
48:44:27The university open a new computer
48:44:30center.
48:44:39Yes,
48:44:40the university opened a new computer
48:44:43center.
48:44:46Were most students using computers in a
48:44:49fast way
48:44:52or a slow way?
48:45:02They were using computers in a very slow
48:45:07way.
48:45:09How did Joy walk into the center?
48:45:19He walked in almost by chance.
48:45:30They punched holes in paper cards, gave
48:45:34the cards to a worker,
48:45:37and waited.
48:45:50Sometimes they were waiting a whole day
48:45:55for the result.
48:46:06>> Now it's your turn. Answer the
48:46:09questions.
48:46:11Did students punch holes in paper cards?
48:46:24Yes,
48:46:26they punched holes in paper cards.
48:46:31Did they give the cards to a worker or
48:46:35to a teacher?
48:46:42They gave the cards to a worker.
48:46:46How long were they sometimes waiting for
48:46:49the result?
48:46:59Sometimes they were waiting a whole day
48:47:03for the result.
48:47:06>> Awesome.
48:47:11The new center [sighs and gasps]
48:47:12was different.
48:47:17Students typed at a keyboard and saw the
48:47:20result quickly.
48:47:36And the center
48:47:38never closed.
48:47:41It was open 24 hours a day.
48:47:48Back then that was rare.
48:48:10Did students type at a keyboard in the
48:48:14new center?
48:48:24Yes,
48:48:26students typed at a keyboard and saw the
48:48:29result quickly.
48:48:32Was the center open 12 hours or 24 hours
48:48:38a day?
48:48:45It was open 24 hours a day.
48:48:51Why was the center special back then?
48:49:03It never closed. And back then that was
48:49:07rare.
48:49:10>> Fabulous. Let's keep it up.
48:49:13>> So Joy stayed.
48:49:17He was writing and rewriting programs
48:49:21late into the night.
48:49:35When other students were sleeping, he
48:49:38was sitting at the keyboard trying one
48:49:42more idea.
48:49:57for
48:50:03was joy writing programs
48:50:08late into the night.
48:50:20Yes,
48:50:22he was writing and rewriting programs
48:50:26late into the night.
48:50:29Was he sleeping
48:50:31or sitting at the keyboard?
48:50:43He was sitting at the keyboard
48:50:47trying one more idea.
48:50:52What were other students doing at night
48:51:05when other students were sleeping?
48:51:09He was sitting [clears throat] at the
48:51:11keyboard.
48:51:18While others were punching cards and
48:51:21waiting,
48:51:23this young programmer was learning fast.
48:51:39Later he went to study in California.
48:51:44There he helped rewrite an important
48:51:47computer system.
48:52:07Were others punching cards and waiting?
48:52:21Yes.
48:52:23Others were punching cards
48:52:26and waiting.
48:52:29Was this young programmer learning fast
48:52:34or slowly?
48:52:41This young programmer was learning fast.
48:52:47What did he help rewrite in California?
48:52:58He helped rewrite an important computer
48:53:03system.
48:53:10Then he helped start a famous computer
48:53:14company.
48:53:17His work reached people all over the
48:53:21world.
48:53:36Later joy and a writer tried to count
48:53:40his hours of practice.
48:53:44The answer was about
48:53:4710,000.
48:54:08Did he help start a famous computer
48:54:12company?
48:54:21Yes,
48:54:23he helped start a famous computer
48:54:26company.
48:54:28Did his work reach people in one city
48:54:33or all over the world?
48:54:38His
48:54:42work reached people all over the world.
48:54:48How many hours of practice did they
48:54:51count?
48:54:58The answer was about 10,000.
48:55:09Read that number again.
48:55:1210,000
48:55:15hours. [snorts]
48:55:19That is like a full-time job for about 5
48:55:24years.
48:55:40So was he a born genius?
48:55:45He was clever. Yes.
48:55:49He also had a rare chance and he used
48:55:54it.
48:55:57Awesome.
48:56:16Is 10,000 hours like a full-time job for
48:56:215 years?
48:56:31Yes,
48:56:34it is like a full-time job for about 5
48:56:39years.
48:56:41Was he only clever
48:56:44or did he also have a rare chance?
48:56:56He was clever [gasps] and he also had a
48:57:00rare chance.
48:57:03What did he do with his rare chance?
48:57:14He had a rare chance and he used it.
48:57:22That's great.
48:57:26>> Malcolm Gladwell tells this story in his
48:57:29book Outliers.
48:57:33His idea is simple.
48:57:48Mastery is not a gift you are born with.
48:57:54It is built hour by hour with the chance
48:57:59you have.
48:58:18>> Is mastery a gift you are born with?
48:58:31No,
48:58:33mastery is not a gift you are born with.
48:58:39Is mastery built hour by hour or in one
48:58:44day.
48:58:50It is built hour by hour.
48:58:55Who tells this story in the book
48:58:59Outliers.
48:59:08Malcolm Gladwell tells this story in his
48:59:11book Outliers.
48:59:15Congratulations
48:59:21You may not have a room that never
48:59:24closes.
48:59:27You have a phone and English is inside
48:59:31it all day.
48:59:47Here is one daily rule.
48:59:51Every day, add one real hour of English
48:59:56practice to your count.
49:00:12Write the number down and watch it grow.
49:00:19Mastery does not appear in one day.
49:00:24It starts with our one.
49:00:43Final round.
49:00:49Does mastery appear in one day?
49:01:02No.
49:01:04Mastery does not appear in one day.
49:01:09Do you have a room that never closes
49:01:13or a phone?
49:01:23You have a phone and English is inside
49:01:27it all day.
49:01:30What should you add to your count every
49:01:34day?
49:01:44Every day,
49:01:46add one real hour of English practice to
49:01:51your count.
49:01:59the grammar we practiced today. Past
49:02:03continuous.
49:02:05He was planning to study maths or
49:02:08science.
49:02:11At that time, most students were using
49:02:14computers in a very slow way.
49:02:19Sometimes they were waiting a whole day
49:02:21for the result.
49:02:24He was writing and rewriting programs
49:02:27late into the night.
49:02:35Congratulations.
49:02:37You practiced 388
49:02:40words in this story and you learned a
49:02:43lot.
49:03:02TPRS, comprehensible input, Dr. Crash, a
49:03:05lot of things.
49:03:18That's that this is the right way.
49:03:20That's amazing.
49:03:24Make time.
49:03:35It's It's very very a very nice book.
49:03:39The Empty Phone.
49:03:42The Empty Phone from the book Make Time
49:03:46[clears throat] by Jake Knap and John
49:03:48Zaratsky.
49:03:50Delete.
49:03:52Social media.
49:03:55Browser.
49:03:57Map.
49:03:59Remove.
49:04:01Home screen.
49:04:04Pickup.
49:04:06Distracted.
49:04:09Silent.
49:04:11presence.
49:04:15One small question
49:04:18from a little boy
49:04:21changed what one father carried in his
49:04:25pocket.
49:04:39It was 2012.
49:04:43The father was Jake Knap
49:04:46and he worked at Google.
49:05:15Did one small question
49:05:19change what a father carried?
49:05:31Yes.
49:05:34One small question changed what one
49:05:37father carried in his pocket.
49:05:42Did the father work at Google
49:05:46or at a bank?
49:05:52He worked at Google.
49:05:56Who asked the small question?
49:06:06A little boy asked the small question.
49:06:16>> His job was building technology, so the
49:06:19phone was always in his hand.
49:06:31One evening he was on the floor at home
49:06:35playing with his two young sons.
49:06:48with
49:06:50speaking.
49:06:53>> Was the phone always in his hand?
49:07:05>> Yes.
49:07:07His job was building technology, so the
49:07:11phone was always in his hand.
49:07:16Was he on the floor or on a chair?
49:07:25He was on the floor at home.
49:07:30Who was he playing with one evening?
49:07:40He was playing with his two young sons.
49:07:45Fabulous. Let's keep it up.
49:07:49>> The boys were happy.
49:07:52Their father was there with them.
49:07:56Or was he
49:08:10while the boys were playing, he picked
49:08:14up his phone.
49:08:17Soon his eyes were on the screen.
49:08:40Were the boys happy?
49:08:48Yes,
49:08:50the boys were happy.
49:08:54While the boys were playing,
49:08:57did he pick up a book or his phone?
49:09:08While the boys were playing, he picked
49:09:11up his phone.
49:09:14Where were his eyes soon?
49:09:23So soon his eyes were on the screen.
49:09:32>> He was still looking at the screen when
49:09:36his older son asked a simple question.
49:09:50He asked why his father was looking at
49:09:53his phone.
49:09:56He just wanted
49:09:59to know.
49:10:17Was he still looking at the screen
49:10:20when his son [clears throat] asked a
49:10:24question?
49:10:33Yes,
49:10:35he was still looking at the screen when
49:10:38his older son asked a simple question.
49:10:44Was the son angry
49:10:47or did he just want to know?
49:10:55He just wanted to know.
49:10:59What did the son ask?
49:11:07He asked why his father was looking at
49:11:11his phone.
49:11:17>> The father was silent.
49:11:21He had no good answer.
49:11:25There was nothing important on the
49:11:28phone.
49:11:43It was just a habit.
49:11:47His body was with his sons, but he was
49:11:51distracted.
49:12:10Was the father
49:12:13silent?
49:12:23Yes,
49:12:25the father was silent.
49:12:30He had no good answer.
49:12:34Was he really with his sons or was he
49:12:38distracted?
49:12:46His body was with his sons, but he was
49:12:51distracted.
49:12:53What was on the phone?
49:13:04There was nothing important on the
49:13:07phone.
49:13:09It was just a habit.
49:13:13>> I'm super proud of you. His
49:13:18sons did not need anything from the
49:13:21phone.
49:13:24They needed his presence.
49:13:38Now imagine you are this father.
49:13:42You love your boys and your work lives
49:13:46inside that phone.
49:14:09Did his sons need anything from the
49:14:12phone?
49:14:21No, his sons did not need anything from
49:14:25the phone.
49:14:27Did they need his phone
49:14:30or his presence?
49:14:37They needed his presence.
49:14:41Imagine you are this father.
49:14:45Where does your work live?
49:14:53Your work lives inside that phone.
49:15:00>> All right, back to the story.
49:15:03it. Most people would put the phone down
49:15:06for one night.
49:15:09Tomorrow
49:15:11it would come back.
49:15:25He did something much bigger.
49:15:31He picked up the phone and started to
49:15:34delete apps.
49:15:50Awesome.
49:15:54Would
49:15:57most people put the phone down
49:16:00for one night?
49:16:11Yes.
49:16:14Most people would put the phone down for
49:16:18one night.
49:16:21Did he do something small
49:16:26or something much bigger?
49:16:34He did something much bigger.
49:16:38What did he start to do?
49:16:50He picked up the phone and started to
49:16:54delete apps.
49:17:02>> He deleted his email.
49:17:05He deleted the web browser.
49:17:10He deleted every social media app.
49:17:28The phone could still make calls, send
49:17:31texts, show maps, and take photos.
49:17:52Did he delete the web browser?
49:18:03>> Yes,
49:18:05he deleted the web browser.
49:18:09Did he keep social media
49:18:12or delete it?
49:18:20He deleted every social media app.
49:18:26What could the phone still do?
49:18:37The phone could still make calls,
49:18:41send texts,
49:18:43show maps,
49:18:45and take photos.
49:18:54>> With no browser and no social media,
49:18:58nothing could pull him away from his
49:19:00sons.
49:19:11He called it a distractionfree
49:19:14phone.
49:19:17He kept it that way for years.
49:19:37Let's jump into it.
49:19:39>> Could anything pull him away from his
49:19:42sons now?
49:19:53No.
49:19:55With no browser and no social media,
49:19:59nothing could pull him away from his
49:20:02sons.
49:20:04Did he keep the phone that way for days
49:20:09or for years?
49:20:18He kept it that way for years.
49:20:24What did he call it?
49:20:33He called it a distractionfree
49:20:38phone.
49:20:43Let's jump into
49:20:47Let's keep it up. The evenings changed.
49:20:53When he was sitting with his sons, the
49:20:56phone stayed silent in his pocket.
49:21:11The apps did not only take minutes.
49:21:17They took his presence,
49:21:20the best moments of his day.
49:21:42When he was sitting with his sons,
49:21:46did the phone stay silent?
49:21:58Yes.
49:22:01When he was sitting with his sons, the
49:22:04phone stayed silent in his pocket.
49:22:09Did the apps take only minutes
49:22:13or his presence too?
49:22:23They took his presence the best moments
49:22:27of his day.
49:22:30What changed?
49:22:38The evenings changed.
49:22:42>> That's amazing.
49:22:46>> Removing them was not about being
49:22:49perfect.
49:22:52It made the good choice, the easy
49:22:56choice.
49:23:11Think about last night
49:23:15when you were studying English. Did you
49:23:18pick up your phone?
49:23:33Now it's your turn. Answer the
49:23:36questions.
49:23:38>> Was removing the apps about being
49:23:41perfect?
49:23:50No,
49:23:52removing them was not about being
49:23:55perfect.
49:23:57Did it make the good choice the easy
49:24:01choice
49:24:03or the hard choice?
49:24:12It made the good choice the easy choice.
49:24:18What question does the story ask about
49:24:22last night?
49:24:32When you were studying English,
49:24:36did you pick up your phone?
49:24:44Maybe you were reading a lesson when a
49:24:47message arrived.
49:24:50Suddenly you were distracted too.
49:25:07You do not have to delete everything.
49:25:12Keep calls, texts, and maps on your home
49:25:16screen.
49:25:35Do you have to delete everything?
49:25:45No,
49:25:48you do not have to delete everything.
49:25:53Should you keep maps or delete them?
49:26:05Keep calls, texts, and maps on your home
49:26:10screen.
49:26:12What were you doing when a message
49:26:15arrived?
49:26:24Maybe you were reading a lesson when a
49:26:27message arrived. [clears throat]
49:26:38Remove one app that pulls you away from
49:26:42your home screen, even for a while.
49:26:56Tonight when you study,
49:27:00what will your eyes look at?
49:27:05the page
49:27:07or the phone.
49:27:28Let's jump into it.
49:27:30Should you remove one app from your home
49:27:34screen?
49:27:44Yes.
49:27:47Remove one app that pulls you away from
49:27:50your home screen.
49:27:53Should you remove it forever
49:27:56or even for a while?
49:28:04Remove one app even for a while.
49:28:09What question should you ask yourself
49:28:13tonight?
49:28:23What will your eyes look at?
49:28:27The page
49:28:30or the phone.
49:28:38The grammar we practice today, past
49:28:41continuous versus past simple. While the
49:28:46boys were playing, he picked up his
49:28:47phone.
49:28:50He was still looking at the screen when
49:28:52his older son asked a simple question.
49:28:57When he was sitting with his sons, the
49:29:00phone stayed silent in his pocket.
49:29:04When you were studying English, did you
49:29:06pick up your phone?
49:29:14Congratulations.
49:29:16You practiced 389
49:29:19words in this story and you learned a
49:29:22lot.
49:29:25That's another story in your pocket.
49:29:33And you know, stories stick.
49:29:40Awesome.
49:29:49Interesting.
49:29:51Learning how to learn.
49:30:02Fore.
49:30:25Anyways, it's it's it's a very nice
49:30:26book.
49:30:28The Bay with the Cannon.
49:30:31The Boy with the Cannon from the book
49:30:34Learning How to Learn by Barbara Oakley,
49:30:37Terrence Senovski, and Alistister
49:30:39McConville.
49:30:41Cell.
49:30:43Jail.
49:30:45Target.
49:30:48Strict.
49:30:50Drawing.
49:30:52Cannon.
49:30:54Stubborn.
49:30:56Gate.
49:30:58Separate.
49:31:01Modern.
49:31:04Boom.
49:31:07A gate broke into pieces.
49:31:12A boy of 11
49:31:15ran.
49:31:31He fired his homemade cannon
49:31:35and the shot hit a neighbor's gate.
49:31:59Did a gate break into pieces?
49:32:12Yes.
49:32:14A gate broke into pieces.
49:32:19Did he fire a homemade cannon
49:32:23or throw a stone?
49:32:31He fired his homemade cannon.
49:32:36What did the shot [clears throat] hit?
49:32:45The shot hit a neighbor's gate.
49:32:56It was a small town in Spain many years
49:33:00ago.
49:33:08For this the boy spent time in jail.
49:33:26Was it a big city?
49:33:36No,
49:33:38it was a small town
49:33:41in Spain.
49:33:44Did the boy go to school
49:33:48or to jail for this?
49:33:57For this the boy spent time in jail.
49:34:04When did this happen?
49:34:12It was many years ago.
49:34:17>> That's amazing.
49:34:19Sir,
49:34:21>> this was not his first trouble.
49:34:25He used to fight with his teachers
49:34:29and he did badly at school.
49:34:46He loved only one thing,
49:34:50drawing.
49:34:53He used to draw on everything he could
49:34:56find.
49:35:15How
49:35:19did he used to fight with his teachers?
49:35:30Yes.
49:35:33He used to fight with his teachers.
49:35:37Did he used to do well or badly at
49:35:42school?
49:35:48He did badly at school.
49:35:53What did he used to draw on?
49:36:03He used to draw on everything he could
49:36:08find.
49:36:16His father was a strict doctor.
49:36:20He thought drawing was a waste of time.
49:36:35So he sent the boy to work with a shoe
49:36:37maker
49:36:39and then with a barber
49:36:55with this
49:36:56speaking.
49:36:59>> Was his father a strict doctor?
49:37:10Yes.
49:37:12His father was a strict doctor.
49:37:16Did his father think drawing was useful
49:37:21or a waste of time?
49:37:28He thought drawing was a waste of time.
49:37:33Who did the boy [clears throat] go to
49:37:35work with?
49:37:43He went to work with a shoe maker
49:37:46and then with a barber.
49:37:50>> Fabulous. Let's keep it up. Huh?
49:37:54Nothing worked.
49:37:57Even a strict father could not stop the
49:38:01drawing.
49:38:14Then his father tried something new.
49:38:19He taught his son about the body.
49:38:24using real human bones.
49:38:47Could a strict father stop the drawing?
49:39:00No,
49:39:02even a strict father could not stop the
49:39:05drawing.
49:39:07Did his father use real bones
49:39:12or pictures of bones?
49:39:22He used real human bones.
49:39:29What did his father teach him about?
49:39:39He taught his son about the body.
49:39:50The boy drew the bones carefully, one by
49:39:55one.
49:39:58For the first time, his drawing had a
49:40:02purpose.
49:40:18He chose medicine.
49:40:22He studied hard and he became a doctor.
49:40:41Did the boy draw the bones carefully?
49:40:54Yes.
49:40:56The boy drew the bones carefully,
49:41:00one by one.
49:41:03Did he become a barber or a doctor?
49:41:11He became a doctor.
49:41:14What did his drawing have for the first
49:41:18time?
49:41:27For the first time, his drawing had a
49:41:31purpose.
49:41:38At that time, scientists
49:41:42used to think the brain was one big net.
49:41:56He looked at the brain through a
49:41:59microscope [clears throat]
49:42:01and saw tiny cells.
49:42:16Great.
49:42:20Did scientists used to think the brain
49:42:23was one big net?
49:42:34Yes.
49:42:37Scientists used to think the brain was
49:42:40one big net.
49:42:43Did he see tiny cells
49:42:47or big stones?
49:42:56He saw tiny cells.
49:43:01What did he look through?
49:43:09He looked at the brain through a
49:43:12microscope.
49:43:15>> Congratulations. Let's keep going.
49:43:18>> He drew them by hand,
49:43:21drawing after drawing, [clears throat]
49:43:24year after year.
49:43:28The work was slow. [sighs and gasps]
49:43:33His
49:43:45drawings showed separate cells in the
49:43:48brain.
49:43:51These separate cells send messages to
49:43:55each other.
49:44:11Now it's your turn. Answer the
49:44:14questions.
49:44:16>> Was the work fast?
49:44:26No,
49:44:28the work was slow.
49:44:32Did his drawings show one net
49:44:37or separate cells?
49:44:46His drawing showed separate cells in the
49:44:50brain.
49:44:52What do these separate cells send to
49:44:56each other?
49:45:05These separate cells send messages to
49:45:09each other.
49:45:12>> Extraordinary. Let's keep it up.
49:45:16In 1906,
49:45:18he won the Nobel Prize,
49:45:23one of the [applause] biggest prizes in
49:45:26science.
49:45:40Today, many people call him the father
49:45:44of modern brain science.
49:45:48His drawings are still in modern science
49:45:53books.
49:46:12Did he win the Nobel Prize?
49:46:24Yes.
49:46:26In 1906,
49:46:28he won the Nobel Prize.
49:46:33Is he the father of modern brain science
49:46:38or modern music?
49:46:48Many people call him the father of
49:46:51modern brain science.
49:46:55Where are his drawings today?
49:47:05His drawings are still in modern science
49:47:09books.
49:47:15>> This was the same boy who went to jail
49:47:20at 11.
49:47:31You may not know his name, but every
49:47:35brain scientist does.
49:47:39His name was Santiago Rammon Ikah.
49:47:59Awesome.
49:48:02>> Was this the same boy
49:48:06who went to jail?
49:48:17Yes,
49:48:19this was the same boy who went to jail
49:48:23at 11.
49:48:27Does every brain scientist know his name
49:48:32or only a few?
49:48:41Every brain scientist knows his name.
49:48:48What was his name?
49:48:57His name was Santiago Rammoal.
49:49:07Learning how to learn tells his story.
49:49:13It is for students who think they are
49:49:16not smart enough.
49:49:32He did not see himself as a genius.
49:49:36He believed in patient, stubborn work.
49:49:47Awesome.
49:49:54Wait, let's go.
49:49:57>> Did he see himself as a genius?
49:50:09No,
49:50:11he did not see himself as a genius.
49:50:16Did he believe in fast work or stubborn
49:50:21work?
49:50:28He believed in patient, stubborn work.
49:50:34Which book tells his story?
49:50:44Learning how to learn tells his story.
49:50:53>> The mind that built a cannon
49:50:58used to make trouble.
49:51:02Later it refused to give up on the
49:51:05brain.
49:51:10His
49:51:21energy was never the problem.
49:51:25It only needed a target.
49:51:47Did the mind that built a cannon use to
49:51:51make trouble?
49:52:01Yes.
49:52:03The mind that built a cannon used to
49:52:07make trouble.
49:52:10Was his energy the problem
49:52:13or did it need a target?
49:52:25His energy was never the problem.
49:52:29It only needed a target.
49:52:34What did that mind refuse to do later?
49:52:45Later it refused to give up on the
49:52:49brain.
49:52:59Maybe school used to be hard for you.
49:53:04Maybe you used to be the difficult one
49:53:08in class.
49:53:23Your past as a student
49:53:26does not decide your future as a
49:53:30learner.
49:53:41Give that stubborn energy a target like
49:53:45English.
49:53:46and see what it can build.
49:54:01Final round.
49:54:07Does your past as a student decide your
49:54:12future?
49:54:22No,
49:54:24your past as a student does not decide
49:54:28your future as a learner.
49:54:32Did you used to be the easy one or the
49:54:37difficult one in class?
49:54:47Maybe you used to be the difficult one
49:54:50in class.
49:54:53What should you give that stubborn
49:54:56energy?
49:55:04Give that stubborn energy a target like
49:55:08English.
49:55:16The grammar we practice today used to he
49:55:21used to fight with his teachers and he
49:55:23did badly at school.
49:55:27He used to draw on everything he could
49:55:30find.
49:55:32At that time scientists used to think
49:55:35the brain was one big net.
49:55:40The mind that built a cannon used to
49:55:43make trouble.
49:55:51Congratulations.
49:55:52You practiced 387
49:55:56words in this story and you learned a
49:55:59lot.
49:56:01>> Finished. That's amazing.
49:56:10which is great.
49:56:22That's amazing.
49:56:25The psychology of selling
49:56:40selling your idea. Selling the
49:56:50selling that's what it is
49:56:53for a nice book on
49:56:58one question.
49:57:00One question from the book The
49:57:03Psychology of Selling by Brian Tracy.
49:57:07Dish
49:57:10differently
49:57:12rise
49:57:14salesman
49:57:17psychology
49:57:19carefully.
49:57:22Top
49:57:24persuade
49:57:26confident
49:57:28technique.
49:57:31A young man walked from office to
49:57:36office.
49:57:39He knocked,
49:57:41smiled,
49:57:43and tried to persuade people to buy.
49:58:01most people said no.
49:58:07Some of them did not even look up from
49:58:10their desks.
49:58:31Did he try to persuade people to buy?
49:58:43Yes,
49:58:44he tried to persuade people to buy.
49:58:50Did most people say yes
49:58:54or no?
49:59:01Most people said no.
49:59:07Where did the young man walk?
49:59:16He walked from office
49:59:19to office.
49:59:23>> That's amazing.
49:59:27>> He was paid only when he made a sale.
49:59:32On many days
49:59:35he was paid nothing.
49:59:50This young man
49:59:52was Brian Tracy.
49:59:56Years later, his book, The Psychology of
50:00:00Selling, began here.
50:00:05Was
50:00:24he paid on many days?
50:00:35No.
50:00:38On many days he was paid nothing.
50:00:44Was he paid for his hours
50:00:47or for a sale?
50:00:56He was paid only when he made a sale.
50:01:02Which book began here?
50:01:13His book, The Psychology of Selling,
50:01:17began here.
50:01:22That's great.
50:01:26>> He did not finish high school. Before
50:01:31sales, he washed dishes and did heavy
50:01:35work for low pay.
50:01:52He worked long days and still had almost
50:01:57no money.
50:02:01He was not confident
50:02:04and he was losing hope.
50:02:27Did he finish high school?
50:02:36>> No,
50:02:38he did not finish high school.
50:02:42Did he wash dishes
50:02:45or teach school before sales?
50:02:55Before sales, he washed dishes.
50:03:00How did he feel after long days with no
50:03:04money?
50:03:12He was not confident
50:03:14and he was losing hope.
50:03:24>> Have you ever worked hard and seen
50:03:29almost nothing?
50:03:33What would you do in his place?
50:03:51Many people would just work longer
50:03:54hours.
50:03:57Others would quit and find another job.
50:04:18is speaking.
50:04:21>> Would many people just work longer
50:04:25hours?
50:04:34Yes.
50:04:36Many people would just work longer
50:04:40hours.
50:04:42Would others
50:04:44quit
50:04:46or ask for help?
50:04:54Others would quit and find another job.
50:04:59What question does the story ask you
50:05:03here?
50:05:11Have you ever worked hard and seen
50:05:15almost nothing?
50:05:22>> He did something different.
50:05:27He went to the best salesman in his
50:05:30company.
50:05:44This man was selling much more than
50:05:47anyone else.
50:05:50Brian asked him a simple question.
50:06:09Great.
50:06:13>> Did he go to the best salesman in his
50:06:16company?
50:06:26Yes,
50:06:28he went to the best salesman in his
50:06:32company.
50:06:34Was this man selling more or less than
50:06:38anyone else?
50:06:46This man was selling much more than
50:06:49anyone else.
50:06:52What did Brian ask him?
50:07:00Brian asked him a simple question.
50:07:09He asked what the man was doing
50:07:12differently.
50:07:14What was he doing that Brian was not
50:07:18doing?
50:07:32Asking was not easy.
50:07:36It meant showing another man
50:07:39that he did not know how
50:08:03was asking Easy.
50:08:12No,
50:08:14asking was not easy.
50:08:18Did he ask what the man was doing
50:08:21differently
50:08:22or what he earned?
50:08:32He asked what the man was doing
50:08:35differently.
50:08:38What did asking mean?
50:08:49It meant showing another man that he did
50:08:53not know how.
50:09:00The top salesman did not laugh at him.
50:09:05He explained his technique with
50:09:08customers.
50:09:22He asked customers questions first and
50:09:26listened carefully.
50:09:30Only then did he talk about his product.
50:09:51Did the top salesman laugh at him?
50:10:03No,
50:10:05the top salesman did not laugh at him.
50:10:11Did the top salesman talk first or ask
50:10:16questions first?
50:10:27He asked customers questions first
50:10:32and listened carefully.
50:10:35What did the top salesman explain?
50:10:46He explained his technique with
50:10:50customers.
50:10:53Fabulous. Let's keep it up.
50:10:56>> Brian tried the technique.
50:11:01He asked more, talked less, and listened
50:11:06carefully to every answer.
50:11:14His
50:11:23sails began to rise.
50:11:27Then they rose again.
50:11:32The young man who once washed dishes
50:11:35became a top salesman.
50:11:53Awesome.
50:11:59Did Brian try the technique?
50:12:08Yes,
50:12:10Brian tried the technique.
50:12:14Did his sails fall or rise?
50:12:27His sails began to rise.
50:12:31Then they rose again.
50:12:35What did the young man who once washed
50:12:38dishes
50:12:40become?
50:12:50The young man who once washed dishes
50:12:53became a top salesman.
50:13:03Now he was confident.
50:13:07He did not need long speeches to
50:13:09persuade people.
50:13:22The answer was not more hours.
50:13:27It was one question
50:13:30asked to the right person.
50:13:52Was he confident now?
50:14:01Yes.
50:14:03Now he was confident.
50:14:08Did he need long speeches or questions
50:14:12to persuade people?
50:14:21He did not need long speeches to
50:14:24persuade people.
50:14:27What was the answer?
50:14:37It was one question
50:14:40asked to the right person.
50:14:50Brian has taught this idea in many books
50:14:54on the psychology of selling.
50:15:05Someone near you has done the thing you
50:15:08want to do.
50:15:12The fastest teacher is often that
50:15:16person.
50:15:34What
50:15:36>> has Brian taught this idea in many
50:15:40books?
50:15:50Yes,
50:15:52Brian has taught this idea in many books
50:15:56on the psychology of selling
50:16:01is the fastest teacher. a book or that
50:16:06person.
50:16:13The fastest teacher is often that person
50:16:19who has done the thing you want to do.
50:16:31Someone near you has done the thing you
50:16:35want to do.
50:16:43>> Have you ever asked that person what
50:16:46they do differently?
50:16:50Most people have never asked
50:17:07They feel shy
50:17:09or they think the best were born
50:17:12different.
50:17:21So try one small experiment this week.
50:17:27Find the best English speaker you know.
50:17:52Have most people ever asked the best
50:17:56person?
50:18:04No.
50:18:06Most people have never asked
50:18:10do they feel shy
50:18:12or do they feel angry.
50:18:23They feel shy
50:18:26or they think the best were born
50:18:29different.
50:18:31Who should you find this week?
50:18:42Find the best English speaker you know.
50:18:48>> All right.
50:18:54>> Ask what they do every day that you are
50:18:58not doing.
50:19:01Then copy one thing for 7 days.
50:19:20At the end of the week, notice what
50:19:23changed.
50:19:26Then go back and ask again.
50:19:45Final round.
50:19:50Should you copy one thing for 7 days?
50:20:03Yes.
50:20:04Copy one thing for seven days.
50:20:09At the end of the week, should you stop
50:20:14or ask again?
50:20:22Go back and ask again.
50:20:27What should you notice at the end of the
50:20:30week?
50:20:38At the end of the week,
50:20:41notice what changed.
50:20:50The grammar we practice today, present
50:20:53perfect, experience.
50:20:56Have you ever worked hard and seen
50:20:59almost nothing?
50:21:02Brian has taught this idea in many books
50:21:05on the psychology of selling.
50:21:09Someone near you has done the thing you
50:21:12want to do.
50:21:15Have you ever asked that person what
50:21:17they do differently?
50:21:26Congratulations.
50:21:28You practiced 389
50:21:31words in this story and you learned a
50:21:34lot.
50:21:37Great job.
50:21:49That's amazing.
50:21:57And that's such an amazing thing.
50:22:05for
50:22:15our team.
50:22:33Social media
50:22:47And
50:22:52I will see.
50:23:14Uh,
50:23:30speak.
50:23:47>> [clears throat]
50:23:54>> I need to speak.
50:24:11Hello.
50:24:13Who is
50:25:48Awesome.
50:26:13The snowball
50:26:19Warren Buffett Warren Buffett
50:26:24They come to
50:26:37like snowball.
50:26:45Oh my god.
50:27:07The man who kept everything.
50:27:11The man who kept everything from the
50:27:14book The Snowball by Alice Schroeder.
50:27:19Fortune
50:27:22foundation
50:27:24poverty
50:27:26fair
50:27:28announce
50:27:30visitor
50:27:33independence
50:27:35pile
50:27:38worldwide
50:27:41include.
50:27:44Many people believe
50:27:47that very rich men love money more than
50:27:51anything else.
50:28:03Look at one of the richest men in the
50:28:05world.
50:28:08The belief
50:28:10may seem true.
50:28:35Do many people believe rich men love
50:28:39money most?
50:28:49Yes.
50:28:52Many people believe that very rich men
50:28:55love money more than anything else.
50:29:01Is he one of the richest
50:29:04or one of the poorest men?
50:29:15He is one of the richest men in the
50:29:19world.
50:29:21What may seem true,
50:29:30the belief may seem true.
50:29:39>> That's great.
50:29:42>> For decades, Warren Buffett did one
50:29:46thing almost every day.
50:29:50He made his money grow.
50:30:08He lived in the same house in Omaha that
50:30:11he bought in 1958.
50:30:25speaking.
50:30:31Did he make his money grow?
50:30:41Yes,
50:30:43he made his money grow.
50:30:47Did he live in a new house
50:30:51or the same house?
50:31:01He lived in the same house in Omaha.
50:31:07When did he buy the house?
50:31:19He bought the house in 1958.
50:31:26>> That's amazing.
50:31:30He drove ordinary cars and ate ordinary
50:31:34food.
50:31:42Every year his fortune grew larger
50:31:48and so did his independence.
50:32:07Did he drive expensive cars?
50:32:20No,
50:32:22he drove ordinary cars and ate ordinary
50:32:27food.
50:32:29Did his fortune grow larger
50:32:33or smaller?
50:32:43Every year his fortune grew larger.
50:32:49What else grew every year?
50:33:01Every year his fortune grew larger
50:33:06and so did his independence.
50:33:12I'm super proud of you.
50:33:17>> You have just met a man with billions,
50:33:21still counting
50:33:23and still saving.
50:33:27Maybe you have already judged him.
50:33:45The judgment feels fair.
50:33:49Why would anyone keep growing money that
50:33:52he never spends?
50:34:10Have you just met a man with billions?
50:34:23Yes,
50:34:24you have just met a man with billions.
50:34:29>> [clears throat]
50:34:30>> Does the judgment feel fair or unfair?
50:34:41The judgment feels fair.
50:34:45What have you maybe already done?
50:34:56Maybe you have already
50:34:59judged him.
50:35:02Extraordinary. Let's keep it up.
50:35:06>> For years, many people said the same.
50:35:12In their eyes, he had given very little
50:35:16away.
50:35:30You have not heard the hidden fact yet.
50:35:35He never planned to keep it.
50:35:49Awesome.
50:35:55Have you heard the hidden fact yet?
50:36:06>> No, you have not heard the hidden fact
50:36:11yet.
50:36:13Did people think he gave a lot or very
50:36:17little?
50:36:27In their eyes, he had given very little
50:36:31away.
50:36:33What is the hidden fact?
50:36:41He never planned to keep it.
50:36:52For many years, the plan was simple.
50:36:58His wife would give it away
50:37:01after his death.
50:37:17She died in 2004.
50:37:23After her death,
50:37:26he slowly decided not to wait any
50:37:30longer.
50:37:47Great.
50:37:51>> Was the plan simple?
50:38:01Yes.
50:38:03For many years, the plan was simple.
50:38:08Would his wife give it away before or
50:38:12after his death?
50:38:21His wife would give it away
50:38:25after his death.
50:38:28When did his wife die?
50:38:37She died
50:38:39in 2004.
50:38:47>> In 2006,
50:38:50he announced that he would give away
50:38:53about 85%
50:38:56of his shares.
50:39:00>> [gasps]
50:39:12>> many people were surprised
50:39:15when he announced it.
50:39:30Did he announce a big gift in 2006?
50:39:45Yes.
50:39:47In 2006,
50:39:50he announced that he would give away
50:39:53about 85%
50:39:56of his shares.
50:39:59Were people bored
50:40:02or surprised?
50:40:10Many people were surprised when he
50:40:14announced it.
50:40:16How much of his shares would he give
50:40:20away?
50:40:29He would give away about 85%
50:40:34of his shares.
50:40:44Alice Schroeder notes in the snowball
50:40:49that no gift this large came before.
50:41:05Most of it would go to the Gates
50:41:07Foundation, which fights disease and
50:41:11poverty worldwide.
50:41:26>> Awesome.
50:41:27Let's go.
50:41:29Did a gift this large come before?
50:41:42No.
50:41:45Alice Schroeder notes that no gift this
50:41:48large came before.
50:41:52Would most of it go to the Gates
50:41:54Foundation
50:41:56or to his family?
50:42:04Most of it would go to the Gates
50:42:07Foundation.
50:42:09What does the foundation fight?
50:42:19It fights disease and poverty worldwide.
50:42:26>> Congratulations. Let's keep going.
50:42:30>> He chose it because he believed it would
50:42:33use the money better than he could.
50:42:44His plan also included a rule.
50:42:49The foundation had to spend the money
50:42:53every year.
50:43:15Did his plan include a rule?
50:43:28>> Yes.
50:43:30His plan also included a rule.
50:43:35Did the foundation have to spend the
50:43:38money every year or keep it?
50:43:49The foundation had to spend the money
50:43:52every year.
50:43:55Why did he choose the foundation?
50:44:06He believed it would use the money
50:44:10better than he could.
50:44:18>> You have just heard the whole story.
50:44:24Look at the same man again.
50:44:29Was your judgment fair?
50:44:46The same house,
50:44:49the simple meals,
50:44:53the growing fortune.
50:45:14Have you just heard the whole story?
50:45:28Yes,
50:45:30you have just heard the whole story.
50:45:36Should you look at a new man
50:45:40or the same man again?
50:45:50Look at the same man
50:45:53again.
50:45:55What question does the story ask about
50:45:59your judgment?
50:46:08Was your judgment
50:46:10fair?
50:46:16It was never a pile of money to sit on.
50:46:22It was a tool against poverty.
50:46:38Money is a tool to serve people,
50:46:43not a pile to keep in a box.
50:46:58Awesome.
50:47:01Was his money a pile to sit on?
50:47:14No,
50:47:16it was never a pile of money to sit on.
50:47:21Is money a tool to serve people
50:47:26or a pile to keep?
50:47:37Money is a tool to serve people, not a
50:47:42pile to keep in a box.
50:47:46What was his money a tool against?
50:47:56It was a tool against poverty.
50:48:07>> His independence with money gave him a
50:48:10choice.
50:48:13He chose to serve [clears throat] with
50:48:16it.
50:48:29The same is true of any skill you have
50:48:32already built.
50:48:35That includes
50:48:37your English.
50:48:57Is the same true of any skill you have
50:49:00already built?
50:49:10Yes.
50:49:12The same is true of any skill you have
50:49:16already built.
50:49:19Did he choose to keep it or to serve
50:49:24with it?
50:49:30He chose to serve with it.
50:49:35What gave him a choice?
50:49:44His independence with money gave him a
50:49:48choice.
50:49:50Congratulations.
50:49:56Think of a worried parent at a hospital
50:50:01or a lost visitor
50:50:04or a shy younger student.
50:50:21Your English can help the parent, the
50:50:25student, and the visitor.
50:50:29English is spoken worldwide.
50:50:47So, don't ask if you have learned enough
50:50:50English yet.
50:50:54Ask who your English can help this week.
50:51:14Final round.
50:51:20Is English spoken worldwide?
50:51:34Yes,
50:51:36English is spoken worldwide.
50:51:42Can your English help only the student
50:51:47or the visitor too?
50:51:58Your English can help the parent, the
50:52:02student, and the visitor.
50:52:06What should you not ask?
50:52:18Don't ask if you have learned enough
50:52:21English
50:52:23yet.
50:52:32The grammar we practiced today, present
50:52:34perfect, just already yet.
50:52:39You have just met a man with billions,
50:52:42still counting and still saving.
50:52:47Maybe you have already judged him.
50:52:52You have not heard the hidden fact yet.
50:52:57You have just heard the whole story.
50:53:06Congratulations.
50:53:08You practiced 386
50:53:11words in this story and you learned a
50:53:14lot.
50:53:16>> Awesome. Wonderful. Beautiful.
50:53:36That's That's super great
50:53:39jobs. Oh my god. Steve Jobs.
50:53:59Perfection.
50:54:12unique,
50:54:16but it's a nice time to think about
50:54:19innovation.
50:54:21The mirror,
50:54:23>> the mirror from the book Steve Jobs by
50:54:27Walter Isacson.
50:54:30Fame,
50:54:32waste,
50:54:34deserve,
50:54:37pride,
50:54:39pattern,
50:54:41dramatic,
50:54:43limited,
50:54:45faith,
50:54:47operate,
50:54:50scroll.
50:54:53Your time is limited,
50:54:56so don't waste it living someone else's
50:54:59life.
50:55:11Steve Jobs said these words in June 2005
50:55:17to new graduates at Stanford University.
50:55:22>> [applause]
50:55:34>> Awesome.
50:55:39More. Okay, let's go.
50:55:42>> Did Steve Jobs say these words
50:55:47in 2005?
50:55:59Yes,
50:56:02Steve Jobs said these words in June
50:56:062005.
50:56:10Did he say them to new graduates
50:56:13or to workers?
50:56:23He said them to new graduates
50:56:26at Stanford University.
50:56:30What did he say about your time?
50:56:42Your time is limited.
50:56:46So don't waste it.
50:56:55He was 50 years old.
50:57:00The year before, doctors operated on him
50:57:04for cancer.
50:57:10After
50:57:19they operated,
50:57:21he saw his life in a new way.
50:57:34So he did not talk about fame or
50:57:38business.
50:57:41He talked about life.
50:58:01Did doctors operate on him the year
50:58:05before?
50:58:14Yes.
50:58:17The year before
50:58:19doctors operated on him for cancer.
50:58:24Did he talk about fame
50:58:28or about life?
50:58:38He did not talk about fame.
50:58:43He talked about life.
50:58:47How old was he?
50:58:53He was 50 years old.
50:59:04He told the students about a habit.
50:59:09He started it when he was 17.
50:59:24Every morning he looked in the mirror
50:59:27and asked himself one simple question.
50:59:42Now it's your turn. Answer the
50:59:45questions.
50:59:46Did he start the habit when he was 50?
50:59:59No,
51:00:01he started it when he was 17.
51:00:06Did he look in the mirror every morning
51:00:11or every night?
51:00:19He looked in the mirror every morning.
51:00:24Who did he tell about the habit?
51:00:33He told the students about a habit.
51:00:41He imagined that today was his last day.
51:00:46Would he still choose today's plan?
51:01:03If he said no for many days,
51:01:06he saw a pattern
51:01:09and he changed something.
51:01:29Did he imagine
51:01:32that today was his last day?
51:01:44Yes.
51:01:48He imagined that today was his last day.
51:01:53Did he change something
51:01:56or keep everything?
51:02:07He changed something.
51:02:12He saw a pattern.
51:02:15What did he see when he said no for many
51:02:20days?
51:02:28He saw a pattern
51:02:32and he changed [clears throat]
51:02:33something.
51:02:36Extraordinary. Let's keep it up.
51:02:40>> Think about that moment.
51:02:43A man alone at the mirror before the
51:02:47world wakes up.
51:02:59He was not asking about money or fame.
51:03:05He was asking about his hours.
51:03:23Was he asking about money?
51:03:34No, he was not asking about money
51:03:40or fame.
51:03:43Was he asking about fame
51:03:47or about his hours?
51:03:57He was asking about his hours,
51:04:00not about fame.
51:04:03Where was the man?
51:04:10He was alone.
51:04:12at the mirror.
51:04:15>> Congratulations. Let's get going.
51:04:19>> The question was simple, but it was not
51:04:22easy.
51:04:25The honest answer was often
51:04:28uncomfortable.
51:04:44The question helped him cut away things
51:04:47that did not really matter.
51:05:03is speaking.
51:05:06>> Was the question easy?
51:05:17No.
51:05:19The question was simple,
51:05:22but it was not easy.
51:05:25Was the honest answer comfortable
51:05:30or uncomfortable?
51:05:38The honest answer was often
51:05:42uncomfortable.
51:05:44What did the question help him do?
51:05:57It helped him cut away things that did
51:06:00not really matter.
51:06:11He explained that the thought of death
51:06:14made his big decisions clearer.
51:06:27Next to it, pride, fear of failure, and
51:06:31other people's opinions
51:06:33all became small.
51:06:47Awesome.
51:06:48Let's go.
51:06:50Did fear of failure
51:06:54become small?
51:07:04Yes.
51:07:06Fear of failure and other people's
51:07:09opinions
51:07:11all became small.
51:07:15Did his pride become big
51:07:20or small?
51:07:26His pride became small.
51:07:31What did the thought of death make
51:07:34clearer?
51:07:41It made his big decisions clearer.
51:07:52With his pride out of the way, he
51:07:55followed what he truly wanted.
51:08:06Our faith also asks us to remember
51:08:10death.
51:08:13In our faith, it helps us use each day
51:08:17well.
51:08:38Did he follow what other people wanted?
51:08:50No.
51:08:53He followed what he truly wanted.
51:08:58Does our faith ask us to remember death
51:09:03or to forget it?
51:09:12Our faith asks us
51:09:15to remember death.
51:09:19In our faith,
51:09:21how does remembering death help us?
51:09:33in our faith. It helps us use each day
51:09:38well.
51:09:43That's great.
51:09:46>> His words have lasted.
51:09:51Millions of people have watched that
51:09:53short speech online.
51:10:08Maybe you have watched it too.
51:10:11The speech itself was quiet, not
51:10:15dramatic.
51:10:35Have millions of people watched the
51:10:38speech.
51:10:48Yes.
51:10:51Millions of people have watched that
51:10:54short speech online.
51:10:58Was the speech dramatic
51:11:01or quiet?
51:11:09The speech itself was quiet, not
51:11:13dramatic.
51:11:15What have his words done?
51:11:18His
51:11:24words have lasted.
51:11:33>> The first step is not dramatic either.
51:11:38It is one honest question asked every
51:11:43morning.
51:11:58Ask every morning whether today's plan
51:12:02deserves your one life.
51:12:15Look at your plan for tomorrow.
51:12:18Is there real time for English?
51:12:33Is the first step dramatic?
51:12:45No,
51:12:47the first step is not dramatic.
51:12:53Do you ask the question every morning
51:12:57or once a year?
51:13:08It is one honest question
51:13:12asked every morning.
51:13:16What should you ask every morning?
51:13:28Ask whether today's plan deserves your
51:13:33one life.
51:13:40>> Is there an hour for practice
51:13:44or only an hour of scrolling on your
51:13:48phone?
51:14:02Have you ever scrolled for an hour
51:14:07and felt empty after it?
51:14:24Awesome.
51:14:30>> Have you ever scrolled for an hour and
51:14:34felt empty?
51:14:44Yes.
51:14:47I have scrolled for an hour
51:14:50and felt empty after it.
51:14:55Is the hour for practice
51:14:59or for scrolling?
51:15:09That is the question. An hour for
51:15:13practice
51:15:14or only an hour of scrolling?
51:15:20How did you feel after an hour of
51:15:23scrolling?
51:15:30I felt empty after it.
51:15:36can be.
51:15:38>> You do not need to change your whole
51:15:41life.
51:15:43You only need to notice the pattern.
51:16:01One wasted morning is normal.
51:16:06Many wasted mornings in a row are a
51:16:10message.
51:16:29Is one wasted morning normal?
51:16:41Yes,
51:16:44one wasted morning is normal.
51:16:48Do you need to change your whole life
51:16:53or notice the pattern?
51:17:03You only need to notice the pattern.
51:17:09What are many wasted mornings in a row?
51:17:21Many wasted mornings in a row are a
51:17:26message.
51:17:30His
51:17:36time was limited
51:17:39and so is yours.
51:17:43Tomorrow, stand at your mirror and ask
51:17:46yourself one question.
51:18:04Does today's plan deserve my one life?
51:18:11Would I still choose it?
51:18:32Let's jump into it.
51:18:34Was his time limited?
51:18:46Yes,
51:18:48his time was limited
51:18:52and so is yours.
51:18:56Do you stand at your mirror tomorrow
51:19:00or next year?
51:19:11Tomorrow,
51:19:13stand at your mirror and ask yourself
51:19:16one question.
51:19:19What will you ask yourself?
51:19:31Does today's plan deserve my one life?
51:19:44The grammar we practice today, present
51:19:47perfect versus past simple. Steve Jobs
51:19:51said these words in June 2005 to new
51:19:55graduates at Stanford University
51:19:59the year before doctors operated on him
51:20:02for cancer.
51:20:05He started it when he was 17.
51:20:10His words have lasted.
51:20:19Congratulations.
51:20:21You practiced 383
51:20:23words in this story and you learned a
51:20:26lot.
51:20:29Fabulous.
51:21:01That was it.
51:21:05I I really really appreciate you
51:21:08practicing your English and learning
51:21:10something new.
51:21:12Steve Jobs. Oh my god. Steve Jobs.
51:21:18Wow. Wow. Perfection.
51:21:46Unique.
51:21:50But it's a nice time to think about
51:21:52innovation.
51:21:5550 computers.
51:21:57>> 50 computers from the book Steve Jobs by
51:22:02Walter Isaxson.
51:22:05Loan,
51:22:07supplier,
51:22:10batch,
51:22:12calculator,
51:22:14electronics,
51:22:17freely,
51:22:19van,
51:22:21credit,
51:22:23deliver,
51:22:25assemble.
51:22:291976,
51:22:31California.
51:22:35In a computer club, a young engineer
51:22:40shows a board he built.
51:22:58He is Steve Wniaak.
51:23:03He designs computers for fun and shares
51:23:08them freely.
51:23:37Does the young engineer show a board he
51:23:43built?
51:23:52Yes.
51:23:55In a computer club, a young engineer
51:23:59shows a board he built.
51:24:04Does Wnjak share his designs freely
51:24:10or sell them?
51:24:16He shares them freely.
51:24:20Why does Wnjak design computers?
51:24:29Heat his hines computers
51:24:32for fun.
51:24:38>> His friend Steve Jobs watches the room.
51:24:43He notices something else.
51:24:46People want this board.
51:25:04Jobs has a simple plan.
51:25:08If they make the boards, they can sell
51:25:12them to people in the club.
51:25:30speaking.
51:25:36Do people want this board?
51:25:48Yes,
51:25:50Jobs notices that people want this
51:25:54board.
51:25:57Does Jobs watch the room
51:26:01or leave the room?
51:26:09His friend Steve Jobs watches the room.
51:26:15If they make the boards,
51:26:18what can they do?
51:26:27If they make the boards, they can sell
51:26:30them to people in the club.
51:26:35>> I'm super proud of you.
51:26:40Wniaak is not sure.
51:26:44He likes sharing freely.
51:26:48If people can build it at [snorts] home,
51:26:52will they pay?
51:27:08Jobs does not want to wait.
51:27:13Even if they lose money, he says they
51:27:17will have a company
51:27:36with this beat. is speaking.
51:27:41>> Is Wosniac sure?
51:27:52No.
51:27:55Wasak is not sure.
51:27:58He likes sharing freely.
51:28:01Even if they lose money, will they have
51:28:05a company
51:28:07or nothing?
51:28:15Even if they lose money, they will have
51:28:19a company.
51:28:22What does Wnjak ask?
51:28:32If people can build it at home,
51:28:36will they pay?
51:28:39>> Congratulations. Let's keep going.
51:28:43>> So, Jobs sells his van
51:28:47and Wniaak sells his calculator.
51:29:01The money from the van and the
51:29:03calculator
51:29:05pays for the first batch of boards.
51:29:26Does Jobs sell his van?
51:29:39Yes.
51:29:42Jobs sells his van
51:29:46and Wnjak sells his calculator.
51:29:51Does Wnjak sell his calculator
51:29:57or his computer?
51:30:04Wniac sells his calculator.
51:30:09What does the money pay for?
51:30:18The money pays for the first batch of
51:30:23boards.
51:30:30>> Weeks later, Jobs shows it to Paul
51:30:34Terrell, who owns a computer shop.
51:30:47He has a surprise.
51:30:51He does not want boards.
51:30:56He wants finished computers.
51:31:19Does Paul Terrell own a computer shop?
51:31:32Yes.
51:31:34Paul Terrell owns a computer shop.
51:31:39Does he want boards
51:31:42or finished computers?
51:31:53He does not want boards.
51:31:57He wants finished computers.
51:32:02Who does Jobs show the board to?
51:32:12Jobs shows it to Paul Terrell.
51:32:18>> Extraordinary. Let's keep it up.
51:32:22>> He orders
51:32:2450.
51:32:28If they deliver them fully assembled,
51:32:32he will pay.
51:32:48Read that number again.
51:32:5250 computers
51:32:55for two young men with no factory
51:33:00and no electronics parts.
51:33:24If they deliver the computers fully
51:33:27assembled,
51:33:29will he pay?
51:33:39Yes.
51:33:41If they deliver them fully assembled, he
51:33:45will pay.
51:33:48Does he order 50 computers
51:33:53or five?
51:34:00He orders 50 computers.
51:34:05What do the two young men not have?
51:34:16They have no factory
51:34:19and no electronics parts.
51:34:28>> The goal changes in one afternoon.
51:34:34No more boards for club members.
51:34:49Now they must build real computers
51:34:54for a real customer.
51:35:06Jobs goes to an electronic supplier with
51:35:10the shop's order in his hand.
51:35:26Now it's your turn. Answer the
51:35:28questions.
51:35:30Does the gold change in one afternoon?
51:35:44Yes.
51:35:46The goal changes in one afternoon.
51:35:53Must they build boards
51:35:56or real computers?
51:36:07Now they must build real computers
51:36:12for a real customer.
51:36:16Where does jobs go with the order?
51:36:29Jobs goes to an electronic supplier with
51:36:33the shop's order.
51:36:43He asks for the parts now on credit.
51:36:50He promises to pay within 30 days.
51:37:08The supplier's manager calls the shop
51:37:11owner.
51:37:13If the order is real, he will agree.
51:37:19It is real.
51:37:37>> Great.
51:37:42Does he ask for the parts on credit?
51:37:54Yes,
51:37:57he asks for the parts now
51:38:00on credit.
51:38:03If the order is real, will the manager
51:38:07agree
51:38:08or say no?
51:38:17If the order is real,
51:38:21he will agree.
51:38:24When does he promise to pay?
51:38:34He promises to pay within 30 days.
51:38:47This is ordinary trade credit, not a
51:38:50loan.
51:38:52No bank, only time to pay.
51:39:10The clock starts.
51:39:13The family home in Los Altos turns into
51:39:17a small factory.
51:39:38Is this alone?
51:39:47>> No,
51:39:49it is credit, not a loan.
51:39:53Does the family home turn into a shop or
51:39:57a small factory?
51:40:06The family home turns into a small
51:40:10factory.
51:40:12Where is the family home?
51:40:20The family home is in Los Altos.
51:40:32Friends and family help.
51:40:35Day and night they assemble and test
51:40:39every computer in the garage.
51:40:54Before the 30 days end, they deliver the
51:40:58first batch to the shop.
51:41:10Awesome.
51:41:16Do they test every computer?
51:41:28Yes,
51:41:30they assemble and test every computer
51:41:37in the garage.
51:41:41Do they work only by day or day and
51:41:45night?
51:41:55Day and night they assemble and test
51:42:00every computer.
51:42:03What do they deliver before the 30 days
51:42:06end?
51:42:13They deliver the first bat to the shop.
51:42:24The shop pays,
51:42:27the supplier is paid,
51:42:31and the business has its first real
51:42:35order.
51:42:50What counted most was not the design.
51:42:55It was seeing that someone would pay.
51:43:12>> Awesome.
51:43:16>> Is the supplier paid?
51:43:27Yes,
51:43:30the shop pays and the supplier is paid.
51:43:36What counted most? The design
51:43:41or seeing that someone would pay.
51:43:50It was seeing that someone would pay.
51:43:55What does the business have now?
51:44:05The business has its first real order.
51:44:15Turn a hobby into a product.
51:44:18The moment someone is willing to pay.
51:44:33Maybe you do something well in English
51:44:36like explaining grammar to friends.
51:44:52Can you turn a hobby into a product?
51:44:56[clears throat]
51:45:04Yes.
51:45:07Turn a hobby into a product the moment
51:45:12someone is willing to pay.
51:45:16Is the example explaining grammar
51:45:20or selling phones.
51:45:30The example is explaining grammar to
51:45:34friends.
51:45:36What do you maybe do well in English?
51:45:49Maybe I do something well like
51:45:52explaining grammar to friends.
51:45:59And let's continue.
51:46:02tomorrow. Ask one person if it would
51:46:05help them.
51:46:08If they say yes, you will have your
51:46:12first customer.
51:46:28If you have a real customer,
51:46:31you may not need a loan at all.
51:46:47Let's jump into it. If they say yes,
51:46:52will you have your first customer?
51:47:05Yes.
51:47:07If they say yes, you will have your
51:47:11first customer.
51:47:14Do you ask one person
51:47:18or 100 people?
51:47:28Tomorrow.
51:47:29Ask one person if it would help them.
51:47:34If you have a real customer,
51:47:38what may you not need?
51:47:49If you have a real customer,
51:47:53you may not need a loan at all.
51:48:04The grammar we practice today, first
51:48:08conditional. If they make the boards,
51:48:11they can sell them to people in the
51:48:12club.
51:48:15If people can build it at home, will
51:48:18they pay?
51:48:21Even if they lose money, he says, they
51:48:24will have a company.
51:48:27If they deliver them fully assembled, he
51:48:30will pay.
51:48:37Congratulations.
51:48:39You practiced 389 words in this story
51:48:43and you learned a lot.
51:48:47Awesome.
51:49:08That's amazing. That's That's such a
51:49:10beautiful opportunity.
51:49:17Give and take.
51:49:39The scrapyard.
51:49:41>> The scrapyard from the book Give and
51:49:44Take by Adam Grant.
51:49:48Fee,
51:49:50file,
51:49:53relationship,
51:49:56financial,
51:49:58treat,
51:50:00trick,
51:50:02bottom,
51:50:04scrap,
51:50:06rubbish,
51:50:08appearance.
51:50:12Imagine
51:50:14a quiet morning in a financial office.
51:50:20desks,
51:50:21files,
51:50:23and the sound of keyboards.
51:50:40A client asked for some help
51:50:43with his money.
51:50:46Was
51:51:08the office quiet in the morning?
51:51:21Yes,
51:51:23it was a quiet morning in a financial
51:51:27office.
51:51:29Was it a financial office or a school?
51:51:42It was a financial office
51:51:45with desks and files.
51:51:50What did the client ask for?
51:51:58He asked for some help with his money.
51:52:05Come in here.
51:52:07>> The advisers looked at his file.
51:52:12He worked with scrap metal
51:52:16and he had very little money with the
51:52:18company.
51:52:34Busy offices often push clients like him
51:52:39to the bottom of the list.
51:52:52>> Now it's your turn. Answer the
51:52:55questions.
51:52:57>> Did the client have a lot of money with
51:53:00the company?
51:53:08No,
51:53:10he had very little money with the
51:53:13company.
51:53:15Did he work with scrap metal
51:53:19or with computers?
51:53:26He worked with scrap metal.
51:53:31Where do busy offices often push clients
51:53:36like him?
51:53:43They push them to the bottom of the
51:53:46list.
51:53:49>> Well done.
51:53:53One adviser, Peter or planned to drive
51:53:58out and meet the man.
51:54:10His colleague said the drive might be a
51:54:14waste of his time.
51:54:29Did O day plan to drive out and meet the
51:54:34man?
51:54:43Yes,
51:54:45he planned to drive out and meet the
51:54:49man.
51:54:51Did his colleague say the drive might be
51:54:54a waste or a good idea?
51:55:06They said the drive might [gasps] be a
51:55:08waste of his time.
51:55:11Who said the drive might be a waste of
51:55:15time?
51:55:24His colleague said the drive might be a
51:55:28waste of his time. His
51:55:37hourly fee was high,
51:55:41and a small client might never pay for
51:55:45his time.
51:55:59Maybe you agree with them.
51:56:02Time is limited.
51:56:06Why give it to a small client?
51:56:24>> Awesome.
51:56:26Was
51:56:27O's hourly fee
51:56:31low?
51:56:44No. [laughter]
51:56:46His hourly fee [sighs and gasps] was
51:56:49high.
51:56:51Might a small client pay for his time or
51:56:56might he never pay?
51:57:06A small client
51:57:09might never pay for his time.
51:57:13Why might a small client be a problem?
51:57:19His
51:57:27hourly fee was high
51:57:30and a small client might never pay for
51:57:34his time.
51:57:37>> Congratulations. Let's keep going.
51:57:41>> Or heard them and he decided to go
51:57:46anyway.
51:57:55When he arrived, the yard did not look
51:57:59rich.
51:58:01Old scrap metal was lying everywhere.
51:58:25Did O day decide to stay at the office?
51:58:36>> No,
51:58:37he decided to go anyway.
51:58:41Did the yard look rich
51:58:45or poor?
51:58:52The yard did not look rich.
51:58:57What was lying everywhere in the yard?
51:59:08Old scrap metal was lying everywhere.
51:59:14>> All right, back to the story.
51:59:18>> Another advisor might see [sighs] only
51:59:21rubbish there,
51:59:24say sorry, and drive away.
51:59:39O day stayed.
51:59:43He sat down,
51:59:46listened carefully,
51:59:48and treated the man like an important
51:59:52client.
52:00:13Did O day say sorry and drive away?
52:00:27No,
52:00:29all day stayed
52:00:31and listened carefully.
52:00:35Might another advisor see a business
52:00:39or only rubbish.
52:00:48Another advisor might see only rubbish
52:00:53there.
52:00:55How did Oday treat the man?
52:01:04He treated the man like an important
52:01:08client.
52:01:15Then he learned one hidden fact.
52:01:22The man owned the whole business
52:01:27and it made a lot of money.
52:01:46Look at the scene again.
52:01:50The same metal, the same place,
52:01:54the same man.
52:02:13Speaking skills.
52:02:16Did the man own
52:02:19the whole business?
52:02:31Yes.
52:02:33The man owned the whole business.
52:02:40Did the business make a lot of money
52:02:44or very little?
52:02:53It made a lot of money.
52:02:59What should we look at again?
52:03:10We should look at the scene again.
52:03:14The same metal, the same place, the same
52:03:18man.
52:03:24>> A minute ago, the metal looked like
52:03:26rubbish.
52:03:29Now it looked like a successful
52:03:32business.
52:03:45The yard's appearance did not change.
52:03:50Only the story in our heads changed.
52:04:15Did the yard's appearance
52:04:18change?
52:04:28No.
52:04:30The yard's appearance did not change.
52:04:35A minute ago, did the metal look like
52:04:39rubbish
52:04:42or like a business?
52:04:50A minute ago, the metal looked like
52:04:53rubbish.
52:04:56What changed then?
52:05:06Only the story in our heads changed.
52:05:10[clears throat]
52:05:18The man trusted Uday with his business
52:05:22and the relationship grew over the
52:05:25years.
52:05:36In the end, Uday's fees from this one
52:05:40client grew about 100 times.
52:05:59Did the relationship
52:06:02grow over the years?
52:06:13Yes,
52:06:15the relationship grew over the years.
52:06:21Did his fees grow 10 times or about a
52:06:27hundred times?
52:06:32His
52:06:39fees from this one client grew about 100
52:06:44times.
52:06:47Who did the man trust with his business?
52:06:58The man trusted all debt with his
52:07:02business.
52:07:11The relationship started with one drive
52:07:15that his colleagues called a waste of
52:07:18time.
52:07:29It is easy to hear this as a trick.
52:07:34Be nice because a poor man may be rich.
52:07:57Let's jump into it.
52:07:59>> Did the relationship start
52:08:02with one drive?
52:08:12Yes.
52:08:14It started with one drive.
52:08:18Is it easy or hard to hear this as a
52:08:23trick?
52:08:29It is easy to hear this as a trick.
52:08:35In the trick, what may a poor man be?
52:08:46In the trick, a poor man may be rich.
52:08:54That's great.
52:08:57>> That trick is not the point.
52:09:03When Od went,
52:09:06he had no idea about the man's financial
52:09:10success.
52:09:25He went because the man had asked for
52:09:28help.
52:09:30For him, no client belonged at the
52:09:35bottom.
52:09:55Did Oday know about the man's financial
52:10:00success?
52:10:10No,
52:10:12he had no idea about the man's financial
52:10:16success.
52:10:18Did Oday go for money
52:10:22or because the man asked for help?
52:10:31He went because the man had asked for
52:10:35help.
52:10:37For O day, which client belonged at the
52:10:41bottom
52:10:48for him, no client belonged at the
52:10:52bottom.
52:10:56incoming
52:10:58>> serve everyone well.
52:11:04You never really know who is in front of
52:11:07you.
52:11:10And the person you become
52:11:13matters more.
52:11:29Soon someone may ask you for help.
52:11:34They may not look important.
52:11:57May someone ask you for help soon?
52:12:09Yes.
52:12:11Soon someone may ask you for help.
52:12:16Will they look important
52:12:20or may they not look important?
52:12:29They may not look important.
52:12:34What should you do for everyone?
52:12:43You should serve everyone
52:12:46well.
52:12:48Congratulations.
52:12:54Forget their appearance.
52:13:00Treat the small request like a big one
52:13:06because to that person
52:13:08it is big.
52:13:24Don't ask is this person important.
52:13:29Ask
52:13:31how can I do this well?
52:13:52Let's jump into it.
52:13:55Should you think about their
52:13:58appearance?
52:14:06No.
52:14:08Forget their appearance.
52:14:11Should you treat a small request like a
52:14:15small one or a big one?
52:14:27Treat the small request
52:14:30like a big one.
52:14:34What question should you ask?
52:14:46ask
52:14:48how can I do this? Well,
52:14:59the grammar we practice today might may.
52:15:03His colleague said the drive might be a
52:15:05waste of his time.
52:15:09His hourly fee was high and a small
52:15:12client might never pay for his time.
52:15:15Another
52:15:17adviser might see only rubbish there,
52:15:20say sorry, and drive away.
52:15:25Be nice, because a poor man may be rich.
52:15:35Congratulations.
52:15:37You practiced 381 words in this story
52:15:42and you learned a lot.
52:15:45Super proud of you.
52:15:57This is great. Let's keep it up.
52:16:26Mhm.
52:16:38Mhm.
52:16:42Oh,
52:17:10uh.
52:17:14Uh-huh.
52:17:38YouTube
52:17:50>> [snorts]
52:18:08>> It's done.
52:18:48Alhamdulillah. Alhamdulillah.
52:18:57Yeah.
52:19:01Mr. Wing
52:19:39presentation.
52:19:52Awesome.
52:19:57Alhamdulillah.
52:20:10forchech.
52:20:58The everything store.
52:21:01Jeff,
52:21:05Amazon,
52:21:22One small mark.
52:21:25>> One small mark from the book The
52:21:30Everything Store by Brad Stone.
52:21:34Complaint
52:21:37instruction
52:21:39seriously
52:21:42cause
52:21:44package
52:21:46address
52:21:49rarely
52:21:51curve
52:21:53inbox
52:21:56question mark.
52:21:59It is such a small thing
52:22:02to type on a keyboard.
52:22:07One curve and one dot
52:22:24a question mark
52:22:28at Amazon. It became one of the most
52:22:31feared messages in the company. Awesome.
52:22:59Is a question mark a big thing to type?
52:23:13No,
52:23:15it is such a small thing to type on a
52:23:19keyboard.
52:23:22Is it one curve and one dot
52:23:27or two lines?
52:23:35It is one curve
52:23:37and one dot.
52:23:41What did the question mark become at
52:23:44Amazon?
52:23:53It became one of the most feared
52:23:56messages in the company.
52:24:00I'm super proud of you.
52:24:05>> Brad Stone describes this habit in the
52:24:09everything store, his book about Jeff
52:24:13Bezos.
52:24:25For years, Bezos kept a public email
52:24:29address.
52:24:31Customers could write to his inbox
52:24:35directly.
52:24:54How
52:24:58did Bezos keep a public email address?
52:25:11Yes.
52:25:13For years, Bezos kept a public email
52:25:18address.
52:25:19Could
52:25:21customers write to his inbox directly or
52:25:26only to a manager?
52:25:34Customers could write to his inbox
52:25:37directly.
52:25:40Who describes this habit?
52:25:50Brad Stone describes this habit in the
52:25:54everything store.
52:26:02>> Customers used that address.
52:26:05They wrote when a package was late or
52:26:08when something went wrong.
52:26:21He could not read every email, but he
52:26:25read many of them himself.
52:26:43Did he read every email?
52:26:53No.
52:26:55He could not read every email.
52:26:59Did customers write when a package was
52:27:02late or when it was early?
52:27:10They wrote when a page was late.
52:27:15What did customers use to write to him?
52:27:24Customers used that email address.
52:27:33When a complaint caught his eye, he
52:27:36often did something very simple.
52:27:47He forwarded it to the manager in
52:27:50charge.
52:27:52His only instruction was one character,
52:27:58a question mark.
52:28:16Jes, let's jump into it.
52:28:19>> Did a complaint sometimes
52:28:23catch his eye?
52:28:33Yes.
52:28:35When a complaint caught his eye,
52:28:39he did something simple.
52:28:43Was his instruction a long letter
52:28:48or one character?
52:28:53His
52:28:59only instruction was one character,
52:29:04a question mark.
52:29:07Who did he forward the complaint to?
52:29:17He forwarded it to the manager in
52:29:20charge.
52:29:28No angry words,
52:29:31no long instructions,
52:29:35just that small mark above the
52:29:39customer's message.
52:29:55Look closely at that small curve.
52:30:00What does one question mark say to a
52:30:04manager?
52:30:22Were there long instructions?
52:30:33No,
52:30:35there were no long instructions.
52:30:39Was the mark above
52:30:42or below the customer's message.
52:30:52The small mark was above the customer's
52:30:56message.
52:30:58What should we look closely at?
52:31:07Look closely at that small curve.
52:31:23seen this.
52:31:26>> Why did it happen?
52:31:29What are you doing about it?
52:31:46Inside the company, people took these
52:31:49messages very seriously.
52:31:53Teams dropped everything and moved so
52:31:57fast
52:32:17speaking skills.
52:32:20Did people take these messages
52:32:22seriously?
52:32:32Yes,
52:32:34people took these messages very
52:32:36seriously.
52:32:38Did teams move slowly
52:32:42or so fast?
52:32:52teams dropped everything and moved so
52:32:56fast.
52:32:58What does the question mark say?
52:33:10It says
52:33:12I have seen this
52:33:17Why did it happen?
52:33:20>> Extraordinary. Let's keep it up.
52:33:24He
52:33:24>> had to find the cause quickly and fix it
52:33:29often within a few hours.
52:33:42Then they explained what went wrong
52:33:46and how they would stop it from
52:33:48happening again.
52:34:00Now it's your turn. Answer the
52:34:02questions.
52:34:04>> Did they have to find the cause quickly?
52:34:17Yes,
52:34:19they had to find the cause quickly and
52:34:22fix it.
52:34:24Did they fix it within a few hours
52:34:29or a few months?
52:34:36They often fixed it within a few hours.
52:34:42What did they explain then?
52:34:54They explained what went wrong and how
52:34:59they would stop it.
52:35:05Let's jump into
52:35:09Let's keep it up.
52:35:11Imagine you are that manager.
52:35:16You open your inbox
52:35:19and there it is from the very top.
52:35:37The message feels so serious.
52:35:42You would not wait until tomorrow.
52:35:46You would start that same minute.
52:35:53Awesome.
52:36:06Wait, let's go.
52:36:09>> Would you wait until tomorrow?
52:36:19No,
52:36:21you would not wait until tomorrow.
52:36:25Does the message feel so serious
52:36:30or so funny?
52:36:37The message feels so serious.
52:36:43What do you find when you open your
52:36:47inbox?
52:36:56There it is. A question mark from the
52:37:00very top.
52:37:08Why did such a small mark work so well?
52:37:13[clears throat]
52:37:15Because one customer's problem was
52:37:19rarely only one customer's problem.
52:37:37Behind one late package,
52:37:41there were often many quiet customers
52:37:44with the same trouble.
52:37:54Was
52:38:02one customer's problem often
52:38:06only one customer's problem?
52:38:18No,
52:38:20it was rarely only one customer's
52:38:24problem.
52:38:27Behind one late package,
52:38:30were there many customers
52:38:34or none?
52:38:43There were often many quiet customers
52:38:47with the same trouble.
52:38:51Why did such a small mark
52:38:54work so well?
52:39:05Because one customer's problem was
52:39:08rarely only one customer's problem.
52:39:12Congratulations.
52:39:16Let's keep going.
52:39:18>> Such a small mark turned a single email
52:39:23into a better system for everyone.
52:39:37Take every customer complaint seriously.
52:39:43Because one voice often speaks for many.
52:40:01You can use this small mark as a tool
52:40:05for your own English.
52:40:25Did such a small mark make a better
52:40:30system?
52:40:39Yes,
52:40:41such a small mark turned a single email
52:40:46into a better system.
52:40:49Should you take a complaint seriously
52:40:53or forget it?
52:41:01Take every customer complaint seriously.
52:41:07What can you use this small mark for?
52:41:18You can use it as a tool for your own
52:41:21English.
52:41:29When a teacher, app, or friend corrects
52:41:33you,
52:41:35mark it with a question mark.
52:41:48Then ask yourself the same questions
52:41:51about that mistake.
52:41:55What was the cause?
52:41:57And how will I stop it?
52:42:21Should you mark a correction with a
52:42:25question [clears throat] mark?
52:42:32Yes.
52:42:34Mark it with a question mark.
52:42:37Should you ask about the cause
52:42:41or forget the mistake?
52:42:52Ask
52:42:54what was the cause and how will I stop
52:42:58it?
52:43:00Who can correct you?
52:43:09A teacher, app or friend can correct
52:43:13you.
52:43:16Congratulations.
52:43:22Before you sleep, clear one question
52:43:26mark.
52:43:28Write the correct sentence three times.
52:43:45A mistake fixed like this rarely comes
52:43:49back.
52:43:53After a month, your English will be so
52:43:56much stronger.
52:44:17Let's jump into it.
52:44:20>> Does a mistake fixed like this often
52:44:24come back?
52:44:33No, a mistake fixed like this rarely
52:44:38comes back.
52:44:40Should you write the correct sentence
52:44:43once
52:44:45or three times?
52:44:54Write the correct sentence three times.
52:44:59How will your English be after a month?
52:45:10After a month, your English will be so
52:45:14much stronger.
52:45:23The grammar we practice today. So such.
52:45:27It is such a small thing to type on a
52:45:30keyboard.
52:45:33Teams dropped everything and moved so
52:45:36fast.
52:45:39The message feels so serious.
52:45:44Why did such a small mark work so well?
52:45:54Congratulations.
52:45:56You practiced 380 words in this story
52:46:00and you learned a lot.
52:46:21TPRS, comprehensible input, Dr. Crash, a
52:46:24lot of things.
52:46:37That's that this is the right way.
52:46:39That's amazing.
52:46:42The snowball [clears throat]
52:46:49for
52:46:53the saint.
52:47:06Snowball.
52:47:14Oh my god.
52:47:16Warren Buffett.
52:47:25[clears throat]
52:47:36The man in the corner.
52:47:39>> The man in the corner from the book The
52:47:42Snowball by Alice Schroeder.
52:47:47Partner
52:47:49jacket
52:47:51corner.
52:47:53Relative
52:47:56arrange
52:47:58decade.
52:48:01Disappear.
52:48:03Remind
52:48:06similar
52:48:08lonely.
52:48:11An old doctor sat in the corner of his
52:48:14living room
52:48:16in Omaha.
52:48:20He did not seem to listen.
52:48:38It was a Sunday afternoon in 1957.
52:48:43A young man kept talking very fast.
52:49:14Did the old doctor seem to Listen.
52:49:25No,
52:49:27he did not seem to listen.
52:49:33Did the doctor sit in the corner or at
52:49:37the door?
52:49:44He sat in the corner of his living room.
52:49:49What did the young man keep doing?
52:49:59He kept talking very fast.
52:50:04>> Congratulations. Let's keep going. His
52:50:08jacket was too big for him and he looked
52:50:11much younger than his age.
52:50:22He was explaining how he managed money
52:50:26for other people.
52:50:37Great.
52:50:41Was his jacket too big for him?
52:50:51Yes.
52:50:53His jacket was too big for him.
52:50:58Did he look younger or older than his
52:51:02age?
52:51:09He looked much younger than his age.
52:51:14What was the young man explaining?
52:51:26He was explaining how he managed money
52:51:29for other people.
52:51:37>> The doctor's wife listened carefully and
52:51:40asked good questions.
52:51:44He stayed quiet in his corner.
52:52:02After about an hour, she turned to her
52:52:05husband and asked what he thought.
52:52:22>> Did the doctor's wife ask good
52:52:26questions?
52:52:36Yes.
52:52:38She listened carefully and asked good
52:52:42questions.
52:52:45Did the doctor keep talking
52:52:49or stay quiet?
52:52:57He stayed quiet in his corner.
52:53:02When did she turn to her husband?
52:53:13After about an hour, she turned to her
52:53:17husband.
52:53:23Let's jump into
52:53:27Let's keep it up.
52:53:29He said they should give the young man
52:53:32$100,000
52:53:35to invest.
52:53:47The young man in the big jacket was
52:53:50Warren Buffett.
52:53:54He was happy and a little confused.
52:53:57Awesome.
52:54:15Did the doctor say they should give him
52:54:18money?
52:54:28Yes.
52:54:30He said they should give the young man
52:54:34$100,000
52:54:37to invest.
52:54:40Was the young man in the big jacket
52:54:44Warren Buffett
52:54:46or Charlie Mer?
52:54:56The young man in the big jacket was
52:55:00Warren Buffett.
52:55:03How did Warren feel?
52:55:14He was happy and a little confused.
52:55:21Fabulous. Let's keep it up.
52:55:24>> He asked why the doctor agreed to give
52:55:28the money.
52:55:32He did not even listen much.
52:55:47Dr.
52:55:49Davis said that the young man reminded
52:55:52him of someone called Charlie Munger.
52:56:12loves your job.
52:56:15>> Did the doctor agree to give the money?
52:56:26Yes.
52:56:28The doctor agreed to give the money.
52:56:32Did the young man remind him of Charlie
52:56:36Munger
52:56:37or of his son?
52:56:47The young man reminded him of someone
52:56:52called Charlie Munger.
52:56:56What did Warren ask?
52:57:06He asked why the doctor agreed to give
52:57:11the money.
52:57:22>> Warren [sighs]
52:57:23had no idea who that was.
52:57:28He only knew
52:57:30that he already
52:57:33liked the man.
52:57:49two years passed.
52:57:53Then one summer day in 1959,
52:57:57that name walked into Warren's life.
52:58:03Awesome.
52:58:17Wait, let's go.
52:58:21>> Did Warren know who Charlie Munger was?
52:58:34No,
52:58:36Warren had no idea who that was.
52:58:42Did 2 years pass or 10 years?
52:58:50Two years passed.
52:58:53What walked into Warren's life in 1959.
52:59:08In 1959,
52:59:11that name walked into Warren's life.
52:59:24Charlie was a lawyer from Los Angeles.
52:59:29He had come home to Omaha after his
52:59:33father died.
52:59:47The doctor's son was Charlie's oldest
52:59:50friend.
52:59:53He and a relative arranged a lunch.
53:00:15Was Charlie
53:00:18a doctor?
53:00:28No,
53:00:30Charlie was a lawyer
53:00:33from Los Angeles.
53:00:37Did the son and a relative arrange a
53:00:41lunch or a dinner?
53:00:51He and a relative arranged a lunch.
53:00:58Why did Charlie come home to Omaha?
53:01:10He had come home to Omaha
53:01:14after his father died.
53:01:22The two men sat down and soon the rest
53:01:26of the room seemed to disappear.
53:01:39They talked about business and people.
53:01:44They understood each other perfectly.
53:02:04>> Did the rest of the room seem to
53:02:09disappear?
53:02:19Yes.
53:02:21Soon the rest of the room seemed to
53:02:25disappear.
53:02:28Did they talk about business
53:02:31or about sport?
53:02:39They talked about business and people.
53:02:44How did the two men understand each
53:02:48other?
53:02:54They understood each other perfectly.
53:03:00Extraordinary. Let's keep it up.
53:03:04When lunch ended, the son and the
53:03:07relative left.
53:03:10The two men did not stop talking.
53:03:27After that, they enjoyed talking on the
53:03:30phone for hours.
53:03:34Later they worked together for decades.
53:03:57Did the two men stop talking?
53:04:08No,
53:04:10the two men did not stop talking.
53:04:15Did they enjoy talking on the phone or
53:04:21writing letters?
53:04:30They enjoyed talking on the phone for
53:04:35hours.
53:04:37Who left when lunch ended?
53:04:45The son and the relative left.
53:04:50That's amazing.
53:04:52Over
53:04:54those decades, they built one of the
53:04:57most famous partnerships in the world.
53:05:12I think the real turning point was that
53:05:16quiet sentence.
53:05:31speaking skills.
53:05:34>> Did they build something
53:05:37over those decades?
53:05:41[clears throat]
53:05:48Yes. Over
53:05:51those decades they built a famous
53:05:54partnership.
53:05:57Was their partnership
53:05:59small
53:06:00or famous?
53:06:10It was one of the most famous
53:06:12partnerships in the world.
53:06:17What was the real turning point?
53:06:28The real turning point was that quiet
53:06:32sentence.
53:06:35>> Well done.
53:06:39The doctor saw something similar in two
53:06:43very different men, and he helped them
53:06:47meet.
53:06:58The Snowball, the book about Warren's
53:07:02life, keeps this small moment.
53:07:17Let's jump into it.
53:07:20>> Did the doctor see something similar in
53:07:24the two men?
53:07:34Yes.
53:07:36The doctor saw something similar in two
53:07:40very different men.
53:07:44Did the doctor help [gasps] them meet
53:07:48or help them fight?
53:07:54He helped them meet.
53:07:58Which book keeps this small moment?
53:08:11The Snowball, the book about Warren's
53:08:14life, keeps this small moment.
53:08:25>> The right partner
53:08:27can change the course [clears throat] of
53:08:30your life.
53:08:40English can feel like a lonely road.
53:08:45Many students study alone and one day
53:08:50they disappear.
53:09:15Can the right partner change your life?
53:09:27Yes,
53:09:29the right partner can change the course
53:09:32of your life.
53:09:35Can English feel like a lonely road
53:09:40or a busy road?
53:09:47English can feel like a lonely road.
53:09:53What do many students do one day?
53:10:02One day
53:10:04they disappear.
53:10:07>> That's amazing.
53:10:13>> It does not have to be lonely.
53:10:19A study partner can keep you walking on
53:10:22hard days.
53:10:38On a bad evening, your partner can
53:10:42remind you to keep going.
53:10:54Choose one classmate with a similar go.
53:10:59Arrange a fixed 10-minute English call
53:11:03every evening.
53:11:20Final round.
53:11:25Does it have to be lonely?
53:11:36No,
53:11:37it does not have to be lonely.
53:11:43Can your partner remind
53:11:45[sighs and gasps] you to keep going
53:11:48or to stop?
53:11:58Your partner can remind you to keep
53:12:03going.
53:12:05What should you arrange with one
53:12:09classmate?
53:12:19Arrange a fixed 10-minute English call
53:12:23every evening.
53:12:32The grammar we practiced today, verb
53:12:35plus ing or to plus verb. He did not
53:12:41seem to listen.
53:12:45A young man kept talking very fast.
53:12:50He asked why the doctor agreed to give
53:12:52the money.
53:12:55The two men sat down and soon the rest
53:12:58of the room seemed to disappear.
53:13:08Congratulations.
53:13:09You practiced 389
53:13:12words in this story and you learned a
53:13:15lot.
53:13:17That's another story in your pocket.
53:13:25And you know, stories stick.
53:13:38Awesome.
53:13:42Are you ready?
53:13:48Why sleep?
53:13:52Why you know sleep works?
53:14:22A month without the sun.
53:14:26>> A month without the sun from the book
53:14:30Why We Sleep by Matthew Walker.
53:14:34Adjust
53:14:37temperature
53:14:39discovery.
53:14:42Underground
53:14:44assistant
53:14:46bucket
53:14:48cave.
53:14:51Daylight
53:14:53scientific
53:14:56sleepy
53:14:59June
53:15:001938.
53:15:04Two men carry beds, tables, and
53:15:08scientific instruments
53:15:10deep into Mammoth Cave in Kentucky.
53:15:28Down here there is no sun, no night and
53:15:33no morning.
53:15:36The air is cool and it never changes.
53:15:56Now, we're going to hear a question. I
53:15:58want you to answer it loudly in full
53:16:02sentences. Okay, let's go.
53:16:06>> Do two men carry beds
53:16:10into a cave?
53:16:20Yes.
53:16:22Two men carry beds, tables, and
53:16:25scientific instruments deep into Mammoth
53:16:29Cave.
53:16:32Is the air in the cave cool
53:16:36or hot?
53:16:43The air is cool
53:16:46and it never changes.
53:16:49What is missing down in the cave?
53:17:02Down there
53:17:04there is no sun,
53:17:07no night,
53:17:09and no morning.
53:17:12>> Nice one. Let's continue.
53:17:15>> One is Nathaniel Clightman, a sleep
53:17:19scientist from the University of
53:17:21Chicago.
53:17:24The other is his young assistant, Bruce
53:17:27Richardson.
53:17:41Their goal is bold.
53:17:46Can people live on a day that is 28
53:17:50hours long?
53:18:04Okay, speaking time. Speak your mind.
53:18:08Is Bruce Richardson the scientist's
53:18:12assistant?
53:18:19Yes,
53:18:21Bruce Richardson is his young assistant.
53:18:26Is their new day 28 hours or 24 hours
53:18:32long?
53:18:38Their new day is 28 hours long.
53:18:44Who is Nathaniel Clightman?
53:18:55He is a sleep scientist from the
53:18:58University of Chicago.
53:19:02Here's on. Now let's come to the next
53:19:04part.
53:19:05Is our daily rhythm just a habit from
53:19:08the sun
53:19:11or does the body keep its own time.
53:19:28Their beds stand in buckets of water so
53:19:32rats cannot climb up while they sleep.
53:19:45Now it's yours. Go ahead and talk loudly
53:19:49as much as you can.
53:19:53Do their beds stand in buckets of water?
53:20:05Yes.
53:20:07Their beds stand in buckets of water.
53:20:13Do the buckets stop rats
53:20:17or stop the cold?
53:20:26The buckets stop rats.
53:20:31Rats cannot climb up while they sleep.
53:20:37What big question do they ask about the
53:20:41body?
53:20:48They ask if the body keeps its own time.
53:20:55>> All right, let's see if you've guessed
53:20:57it right. Let's go to the next part of
53:20:58the story.
53:21:00>> The first week,
53:21:04they follow their new schedule carefully
53:21:07with longer days and longer nights than
53:21:11the world above.
53:21:26Again and again they measure their body
53:21:29temperature which rises and falls
53:21:33through the day like a clock.
53:21:47Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and
53:21:49speak.
53:21:51>> Do they measure their body temperature?
53:22:02Yes. Again
53:22:06and again they measure their body
53:22:09temperature.
53:22:11Are their days longer or shorter than
53:22:15the world above?
53:22:21Their days are longer than the world
53:22:25above.
53:22:27How does their temperature move through
53:22:30the day?
53:22:39It rises
53:22:41and falls through the day like a clock.
53:22:47>> Now relax your voice and let's continue
53:22:50listening.
53:22:52The second week
53:22:56>> they have been living underground
53:22:58without daylight
53:23:00and something interesting is happening.
53:23:18Richardson, the young assistant, has
53:23:20been adjusting.
53:23:23His body slowly begins to follow the
53:23:27longer day.
53:23:42Now, the table's turn. I'm going to ask
53:23:45you questions. You're going to do the
53:23:47talking. Let's go.
53:23:49>> Have they been living underground
53:23:52without daylight?
53:24:01Yes,
53:24:04they have been living underground
53:24:07without daylight.
53:24:10Has the assistant been adjusting
53:24:13or has he been fighting the longer day?
53:24:23The assistant has been adjusting to the
53:24:26longer day.
53:24:28What has the young assistant been doing?
53:24:40The young assistant has been adjusting.
53:24:46His body begins to follow the longer
53:24:50day.
53:24:52>> Great answers. Let's see what happens
53:24:55now.
53:24:57>> Clightman, the older man, cannot adjust.
53:25:01His
53:25:03temperature still rises and falls on a
53:25:06day of about 24 hours.
53:25:22He feels sleepy when his schedule says
53:25:25morning and wide awake when it says
53:25:29bedtime. Here's
53:25:41where you do the talking. Go ahead and
53:25:44talk and build me full sentences.
53:25:47>> Can the older man adjust to the longer
53:25:51day?
53:26:00No,
53:26:02Clightman, the older man cannot adjust.
53:26:07Does he feel sleepy in the morning or at
53:26:11bedtime?
53:26:18He feels sleepy when his schedule says
53:26:22morning.
53:26:24What day does his temperature still
53:26:28follow?
53:26:37His temperature still rises and falls on
53:26:41a day of about 24 hours.
53:26:46>> Now, back to the story.
53:26:49>> Read that number again.
53:26:5224
53:26:56There is no sun in the cave,
53:26:59yet his body has been counting all
53:27:02along.
53:27:17The goal has changed.
53:27:21They came to beat the clock.
53:27:25Now the real discovery is the clock
53:27:29itself.
53:27:44>> Okay, questions time. Let's jump into
53:27:46it. Has [clears throat] his body been
53:27:50counting
53:27:52all along?
53:28:01Yes,
53:28:04there is no son.
53:28:06>> Ah,
53:28:07>> yet his body has been counting
53:28:10all along.
53:28:13Is the real discovery the cave
53:28:18or the clock itself?
53:28:26The real discovery is the clock itself.
53:28:32What has his body been doing in the
53:28:35cave?
53:28:44In the cave, his body has been counting
53:28:49a day of 24 hours.
53:28:54>> See, English is already coming out of
53:28:57you. Now listen and let's continue.
53:29:01>> July 1938.
53:29:05After 32 days underground, they climb
53:29:09back into the summer light.
53:29:23They have not proved that people can
53:29:25easily live on a longer day.
53:29:29Most of us would just feel sleepy.
53:29:44speaking time. I don't want you to
53:29:46overthink it. Just open your mouth and
53:29:48just talk whatever you remember from the
53:29:51story.
53:29:52>> Do they spend 32 days underground?
53:30:06Yes.
53:30:08After 32 days underground, they climb
53:30:12back into the summer light.
53:30:16On a longer day, would most of us feel
53:30:20sleepy or fresh?
53:30:29Most of us would just feel sleepy.
53:30:33What have they not proved?
53:30:44They have not proved that people can
53:30:47easily live on a longer day.
53:30:52>> Now story is calling us. Let's continue.
53:30:56They have shown something bigger.
53:31:01Deep inside us, a body clock keeps
53:31:05running without the sun.
53:31:22Scientists have been studying it ever
53:31:24since.
53:31:26Today we call it the circadian rhythm.
53:31:40Matthew Walker describes this cold, dark
53:31:44month in Why We Sleep.
53:31:57That's amazing. Now you want to speak
53:31:59what you have read and listened.
53:32:03>> Have scientists been studying the body
53:32:06clock ever since?
53:32:15Yes.
53:32:17Scientists have been studying it ever
53:32:20since.
53:32:22Does the body clock need the sun
53:32:26or does it run without the sun?
53:32:35The body clock keeps running without the
53:32:39sun.
53:32:41What do we call the body clock today?
53:32:50Today we call it the circadian rhythm.
53:32:56>> So smooth. Awesome. Now let's listen.
53:33:00>> The scientific result is easy to
53:33:03remember.
53:33:06The cold, the [gasps] dark, and the beds
53:33:09in buckets are easier to forget.
53:33:26Two men gave up daylight, comfort, and
53:33:30normal life for a month just to answer
53:33:34one question.
53:33:48Speaking time. Try answering with words
53:33:52you just heard. Go ahead.
53:33:55>> Is the scientific result hard to
53:33:59remember?
53:34:08No.
53:34:10The scientific result is easy to
53:34:13remember.
53:34:15Did the two men give up daylight
53:34:18or give up science?
53:34:28They gave up daylight,
53:34:30comfort, and normal life for a month.
53:34:36Why did they give up daylight for a
53:34:38month?
53:34:45They gave it up just to answer one
53:34:48question.
53:34:51>> Great job. Now, back to the story.
53:34:54Great discoveries sometimes need
53:34:57uncomfortable experiments
53:35:00and someone willing to stay in the dark
53:35:04long enough.
53:35:18You probably will not live in a cave.
53:35:23Still, every real skill asks you to test
53:35:27yourself somewhere uncomfortable.
53:35:45Okay, questions time.
53:35:48Do great discoveries sometimes need
53:35:52uncomfortable experiments?
53:36:02Yes,
53:36:04great discoveries sometimes need
53:36:08uncomfortable
53:36:09experiments.
53:36:12Will you live in a cave
53:36:14or test yourself somewhere
53:36:17uncomfortable?
53:36:26I will probably not live in a cave.
53:36:32I will test myself somewhere
53:36:35uncomfortable.
53:36:38Who else do great discoveries need?
53:36:49They need someone willing to stay in the
53:36:53dark long enough.
53:36:57>> Now, this is the time for the ending of
53:36:59the story. And here's the important the
53:37:01most important part basically. Let's
53:37:03continue.
53:37:05Maybe you have been avoiding one test
53:37:08for months,
53:37:10like recording your voice and hearing
53:37:13every mistake.
53:37:26So
53:37:28what is your cave?
53:37:32Which uncomfortable experiment would
53:37:35answer your biggest question about
53:37:38yourself?
53:37:53Last questions. Finish the story with
53:37:57the best answers possible.
53:38:00Have you been avoiding one uncomfortable
53:38:04test?
53:38:14Yes,
53:38:16maybe. I have been avoiding one test for
53:38:20months.
53:38:22Is your cave a real cave
53:38:26or an uncomfortable experiment?
53:38:34My cave is an uncomfortable experiment.
53:38:40What test might you have been avoiding?
53:38:52I have been avoiding recording my voice
53:38:56and hearing every mistake.
53:39:06The grammar we practice today present
53:39:10perfect continuous. They have been
53:39:12living underground without delaying and
53:39:15something interesting is happening.
53:39:19Richardson, the young assistant, has
53:39:22been adjusting.
53:39:25There is no sun in the cave, yet his
53:39:28body has been counting all along.
53:39:33Scientists have been studying it ever
53:39:35since.
53:39:43Congratulations.
53:39:45You practiced 425
53:39:48words in this story and you learned a
53:39:51lot.
53:39:53>> Finished. That's amazing.
53:40:02Which is great.
53:40:14So that's amazing.
53:40:24foreign.
53:40:50And let's keep going.
53:40:52Hard things about hard things.
53:40:59Um,
53:41:14Wow, that's amazing.
53:41:16The best bad choice.
53:41:20The Best Bad Choice from the book The
53:41:24Hard Thing About Hard Things by Ben
53:41:27Horowitz.
53:41:29Option
53:41:31employee
53:41:34delay
53:41:36momentum
53:41:39burst
53:41:41mock
53:41:43go public
53:41:45journey.
53:41:48press
53:41:50run away.
53:41:53In March
53:41:552001,
53:41:59one young company did something every
53:42:02expert said was crazy.
53:42:19Then Horowitz was running a young
53:42:22internet company called LoudCloud,
53:42:26which he had started with friends.
53:42:39That's amazing. I want you to listen to
53:42:42the questions and answer in sentences.
53:42:46Build full sentences, not just words.
53:42:49Okay, let's go.
53:42:51Had Ben Hawit started LoudCloud
53:42:56with friends.
53:43:04Yes,
53:43:06he had started it with friends.
53:43:10Was Loudcloud an internet company or a
53:43:15bank?
53:43:21Loudcloud was a young internet company.
53:43:26What did every expert say about the
53:43:30company's move?
53:43:36Every expert said it was crazy.
53:43:42>> Good job. Let's continue the story.
53:43:45>> It helped other businesses run their
53:43:48websites, and for a while, money had
53:43:52been easy to find.
53:44:05Then the internet bubble burst.
53:44:10Tech shares crashed and investors ran
53:44:14away from companies like his.
53:44:31Now the table's turn. I'm going to ask
53:44:34you questions. You're going to do the
53:44:36talking. Let's go. Had money been easy
53:44:40to find for a while.
53:44:51Yes.
53:44:53For a while, money had been easy to
53:44:56find.
53:44:58Did investors stay
53:45:01or run away from companies like his?
53:45:11Investors ran away from companies like
53:45:14his.
53:45:16What happened when the internet bubble
53:45:20burst?
53:45:29Tech shares crashed
53:45:33and investors ran away.
53:45:38>> Here's on. Now let's come to the next
53:45:40part.
53:45:41>> Many of LoudCloud's customers were young
53:45:45internet companies too
53:45:48and one by one they were closing.
53:46:03Every month it was spending far more
53:46:06cash than it earned.
53:46:10Any delay would empty the bank account.
53:46:26Speaking time. Try answering with words
53:46:30you just heard. Go ahead.
53:46:33>> Was the company earning more cash than
53:46:36it spent?
53:46:45No,
53:46:46it was spending far more cash than it
53:46:50earned.
53:46:52Would a delay save the bank account or
53:46:56empty it?
53:47:02Any delay would empty the bank account.
53:47:07What was happening to its customers?
53:47:16One by one, its customers were closing.
53:47:22>> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the
53:47:25story.
53:47:27>> He tried to raise money privately.
53:47:31The investors who had loved internet
53:47:34companies had run away.
53:47:47Now imagine you are in his chair.
53:47:52You have hundreds of employees and each
53:47:56one has a family.
53:48:11Did that make sense? Now, let's check.
53:48:15>> Had the investors
53:48:17run away.
53:48:27Yes.
53:48:29The investors who had loved internet
53:48:33companies
53:48:35had run away.
53:48:37Do you have hundreds of employees or
53:48:41just a few?
53:48:50You have hundreds of employees
53:48:53and each one has a family.
53:48:57What had the investors loved before?
53:49:06They had loved internet companies.
53:49:11>> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen.
53:49:15>> The first option is to close the
53:49:19company.
53:49:22The second is to sell it cheaply. If
53:49:25anyone will buy,
53:49:40the third option sounds crazy.
53:49:45You could go public
53:49:48in the worst market in years.
53:49:53Awesome.
53:50:06Now it's speaking turn
53:50:08>> is the first option
53:50:11to close the company.
53:50:22Yes.
53:50:23The [sighs and gasps] first option is to
53:50:25close the company.
53:50:29Is the third option to go public
53:50:33or to sell cheaply?
53:50:44The third option is to go public in the
53:50:48worst market in years.
53:50:52Why does the third option sound
53:50:56crazy?
53:51:03You could go public in the worst market
53:51:06in years.
53:51:09>> Great job. Now, back to the story.
53:51:12>> It looked almost impossible.
53:51:16Since the bubble had burst, public
53:51:19investors wanted nothing to do with
53:51:22internet companies.
53:51:36In the end, he chose the crazy option.
53:51:42Loud Cloud went public
53:51:46anyway.
53:52:01Okay, questions time. Let's jump into
53:52:04it. Had the bubble burst before his
53:52:09choice.
53:52:18Yes,
53:52:19the bubble had burst and investors
53:52:23wanted nothing to do with internet
53:52:25companies.
53:52:27Did he choose the safe option or the
53:52:32crazy option?
53:52:42He chose the crazy option.
53:52:46Loud Cloud [clears throat]
53:52:47went public anyway.
53:52:51What did Loud Cloud do in the end?
53:53:01In the end, Loud Cloud went public
53:53:05anyway.
53:53:08>> Now, Story's calling us. Let's continue.
53:53:11>> The price had to be cut to $6 a share,
53:53:16and the press mocked the deal.
53:53:21[laughter]
53:53:29But the deal did the one thing that
53:53:31really mattered.
53:53:34It raised more than $160
53:53:38million.
53:53:53Spotlight now is on you. I want you to
53:53:55answer the questions by actually
53:53:58talking. Let's go.
53:54:00>> Did the press mock the deal?
53:54:11>> Yes.
53:54:13The press mocked the deal.
53:54:17Did the deal raise more or less than
53:54:23$160 million?
53:54:32It raised more than $160 million.
53:54:38What price did the shares have to be cut
53:54:41to?
53:54:49The price had to be cut
53:54:52to $6 a share.
53:54:57>> Great answers. Let's see what happens
53:54:59now.
53:55:00>> That cash bought time.
53:55:05It was time to change the business
53:55:09and time to save jobs for his employees.
53:55:27Over the next months, more of its
53:55:30customers went out of business,
53:55:33just as he had feared.
53:55:45Okay, let's pause for a second. Now, I'm
53:55:47going to ask you questions. Now, it's
53:55:49over to you to answer them.
53:55:52>> Did the cash buy time?
53:56:03Yes,
53:56:05that cash bought time to change the
53:56:09business.
53:56:12Was it time to [gasps and sighs] close
53:56:14the business or to change it?
53:56:25It was time to change the business
53:56:29and time to save jobs for his employees.
53:56:34What had he feared?
53:56:44He had feared that more customers would
53:56:48go out of business.
53:56:52Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's
53:56:55keep it up and jump into the story.
53:56:59Later, he sold part of the business and
53:57:02turned the rest into a software company
53:57:05called Opswear.
53:57:17Years later, a huge technology company
53:57:21bought Opswear
53:57:24for more than $1.6
53:57:27billion.
53:57:42>> Awesome. Quiz time. Let's jump into it.
53:57:46Did he turn the rest into opswear?
53:57:58Yes.
53:58:00He turned the rest into a software
53:58:02company called Opswear.
53:58:06Was Opswear bought for 1.6 billion
53:58:12or $1.6 6 million.
53:58:22It was bought for more than $1.6
53:58:25billion.
53:58:28What kind of company was Opswear?
53:58:37Opswear was a software company.
53:58:42Now back to the story.
53:58:45>> The deal the press had marked had kept
53:58:49the company alive.
53:59:00He looks back on those days in the hard
53:59:04thing about hard things.
53:59:08He never pretends they were pretty.
53:59:23Okay, voice is up. Now, here comes the
53:59:26questions.
53:59:28Had the press mocked the deal that saved
53:59:33the company.
53:59:43Yes.
53:59:45The deal the press had mocked
53:59:49had kept the company
53:59:51alive.
53:59:54Does he pretend those days were pretty
53:59:58or not?
54:00:04He never pretends those days were
54:00:07pretty.
54:00:10What had the mocked deal done?
54:00:21The deal the press had mocked had kept
54:00:25the company
54:00:27alive.
54:00:30>> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep
54:00:32moving.
54:00:34>> He writes honestly about the fear
54:00:39and about the long nights without sleep.
54:00:53Your English journey has moments like
54:00:57this.
54:00:59Your exam is in two weeks
54:01:03and your writing is still weak.
54:01:20Great speaking time. Now let's jump into
54:01:24the speaking time.
54:01:26>> Does he write honestly
54:01:30about the fear?
54:01:39Yes.
54:01:41He writes honestly about the fear
54:01:45and the long nights.
54:01:48Is your exam in 2 weeks or 2 months?
54:02:01Your exam is in two weeks
54:02:06and your writing is still weak.
54:02:10What does your English journey have?
54:02:21Your English journey
54:02:24has moments like this.
54:02:28>> That was amazing. Now, let's continue
54:02:31and enjoy the story.
54:02:33>> You can cancel and lose the fee.
54:02:38You can delay and lose your momentum.
54:02:52Or you can sit it perhaps get a low
54:02:55score and use the result as your study
54:03:00map.
54:03:12Now test yourself.
54:03:16If you delay,
54:03:18do you lose your momentum?
54:03:28Yes,
54:03:30you can delay and lose your momentum.
54:03:36Is the low score a punishment or a study
54:03:41map?
54:03:47You can use the result as your study
54:03:51map.
54:03:53What do you lose if you cancel?
54:04:02If you cancel, you lose the fee.
54:04:07>> Now, this is the final part. I want you
54:04:09to focus and jump into it.
54:04:12But it keeps you in the game, keeps your
54:04:16momentum,
54:04:17and shows you exactly what to fix next.
54:04:33So don't ask which choice feels
54:04:36comfortable.
54:04:39Ask which choice keeps your journey
54:04:42moving forward.
54:04:57Awesome. This is the final questions for
54:05:00this one. Go ahead. I don't want you to
54:05:02leave anything on the table. Try to
54:05:04answer every single question. Go ahead.
54:05:07>> Does sitting the exam keep your
54:05:11momentum?
54:05:20Yes.
54:05:22It keeps you in the game and keeps your
54:05:26momentum.
54:05:28Should you ask which choice feels
54:05:31comfortable
54:05:33or which keeps you moving?
54:05:43Ask which choice keeps your journey
54:05:48moving forward.
54:05:51What does the exam show you?
54:06:00It shows you exactly
54:06:03what to fix next.
54:06:13The grammar we practice today, past
54:06:16perfect. Ben Horowitz was running a
54:06:19young internet company called LoudCloud,
54:06:22which he had started with friends.
54:06:27It helped other businesses run their
54:06:29websites, and for a while, money had
54:06:32been easy to find.
54:06:36The investors who had loved internet
54:06:38companies had run away.
54:06:43Since the bubble had burst, public
54:06:46investors wanted nothing to do with
54:06:48internet companies.
54:06:52Congratulations.
54:06:58You practiced 423
54:07:01words in this story and you learned a
54:07:03lot.
54:07:06>> Great job.
54:07:18That's amazing.
54:07:27And that's such an amazing thing.
54:07:30One of the greatest books, the
54:07:32principles.
54:07:46That's what it covers. That's what it
54:07:47talks about.
54:07:49The year he was wrong.
54:07:52>> The year he was wrong. From the book
54:07:56Principles by Ray Dallio.
54:08:00Prediction.
54:08:02Reflection.
54:08:05Assume
54:08:07disagree.
54:08:10Depression.
54:08:12Formula.
54:08:14Handful.
54:08:17head for
54:08:19arrogance
54:08:22national.
54:08:25Today, Ray Dallio is known as the man
54:08:29who built the biggest hedge fund in the
54:08:34world.
54:08:46Leaders around the world have asked for
54:08:49his opinion and his book principles has
54:08:53sold millions.
54:09:07That's amazing. I want you to listen to
54:09:11the questions and answer in sentences.
54:09:14Build full sentences, not just words.
54:09:17Okay, let's go.
54:09:19>> Did Ray Dallio build the biggest hedge
54:09:24fund in the world?
54:09:32Yes,
54:09:34he built the biggest hedge fund in the
54:09:37world. Has his book sold thousands or
54:09:43millions?
54:09:51His book Principles has sold millions.
54:09:57Who has asked for his opinion?
54:10:07leaders around the world have asked for
54:10:10his opinion.
54:10:13See, English is already coming out of
54:10:16you. Now listen and let's continue.
54:10:20>> I think the real story is more useful
54:10:23than the success.
54:10:26It starts with a very public mistake.
54:10:43in 1982. He was a young investor with a
54:10:47small company and a handful of
54:10:49employees.
54:11:01No, the floor is yours. Let's go.
54:11:04>> Did he have a handful of employees in
54:11:081982?
54:11:18Yes.
54:11:20In 1982,
54:11:22he had a small company and a handful of
54:11:25employees.
54:11:28Does the real story start with a success
54:11:33or a mistake?
54:11:40It starts with a very public mistake.
54:11:46What was he in 1982?
54:11:54He was a young investor with a small
54:11:58company.
54:12:00>> Okay, now listening mode.
54:12:04>> He assumed that the American economy was
54:12:07heading for a crash,
54:12:10perhaps even a depression.
54:12:24He said so on national television
54:12:28and he even explained his view to the
54:12:31United States Congress.
54:12:45Let's turn those ears into voice.
54:12:50>> Did he assume the economy was heading
54:12:53for a crash?
54:13:02Yes. He assumed it was heading for a
54:13:05crash, perhaps even a depression.
54:13:11Did he say so on national television or
54:13:14only to friends?
54:13:21He said so on national television.
54:13:27Where did he explain his view?
54:13:38He explained his view to the United
54:13:41States Congress.
54:13:45>> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the
54:13:47story.
54:13:50>> By the time the market turned,
54:13:53he had already bet his money and his
54:13:56reputation on that prediction.
54:14:11Instead of a depression, the market
54:14:14started one of the longest rises in
54:14:17American history.
54:14:21[cheering]
54:14:30A quick check before we move on. I want
54:14:33you to answer these questions.
54:14:36Had he already bet his money
54:14:40when the market turned?
54:14:50Yes.
54:14:52By the time the market turned,
54:14:56he had already bet his money.
54:15:01Did the market start a depression
54:15:04or a long rise?
54:15:14Instead of a depression, the market
54:15:17started a long rise.
54:15:22What had he bet on that prediction?
54:15:33He had bet his money
54:15:36and his reputation
54:15:39on that prediction.
54:15:43>> Great job. Now, back to the story.
54:15:46He could not pay the handful of people
54:15:49he had hired,
54:15:51so he let them all go.
54:16:03His company shrank to one person,
54:16:06himself.
54:16:09He even had to borrow money from his
54:16:12father to pay the family bills.
54:16:29No pressure. Um, honestly, a little bit
54:16:32pressure. I want you to answer the
54:16:34questions in full sentences. Could
54:16:38he pay the people he had hired?
54:16:50No,
54:16:52he could not pay the handful of people
54:16:56he had hired.
54:16:59Did his company grow
54:17:03or shrink?
54:17:05His
54:17:12company shrank to one person,
54:17:16himself.
54:17:18Why did he let his people go?
54:17:28He let them go because he could not pay
54:17:32them.
54:17:35Great answers. Let's see what happens
54:17:37now.
54:17:40>> He even [sighs] thought about giving up
54:17:44and taking an ordinary job on Wall
54:17:47Street.
54:17:58After failing on national television,
54:18:01many people would hide, protecting their
54:18:05pride and blaming bad luck.
54:18:20>> Speaking time. Try answering with words
54:18:24you just heard. Go ahead.
54:18:27Did he think about taking an ordinary
54:18:30job?
54:18:39Yes,
54:18:41he even thought about an ordinary job on
54:18:45Wall Street.
54:18:48After failing on national television,
54:18:51would many people hide or ask why
54:19:04many people would hide
54:19:08protecting their pride?
54:19:11What would many people
54:19:14blame?
54:19:21Many people would blame bad luck.
54:19:26>> Now back to the story.
54:19:29>> He did something harder.
54:19:33He asked himself why he had been so sure
54:19:38and so wrong.
54:19:43His
54:19:55answer changed his life.
54:20:00He saw that the real problem had not
54:20:02been one bad prediction.
54:20:07It had been his
54:20:10arrogance.
54:20:26Now it's yours. Go ahead and talk loudly
54:20:30as much as you can. Had he been so sure
54:20:37and so wrong
54:20:47is
54:20:49he asked himself why he had been so sure
54:20:54and so wrong.
54:20:58Had the real problem been one bad
54:21:01prediction
54:21:04or his arrogance?
54:21:13The real problem had been [snorts] his
54:21:16arrogance.
54:21:19What did he ask himself?
54:21:28He asked himself
54:21:30why he had been so sure.
54:21:35>> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep
54:21:37moving.
54:21:39>> He writes that he stopped assuming he
54:21:43was right and started asking
54:21:47how he could know.
54:22:00So he started looking for the smartest
54:22:03people who disagreed with him and he
54:22:06listened to them.
54:22:18Did that make sense? Now let's check.
54:22:22Did he stop assuming he was right?
54:22:32Yes.
54:22:34He stopped assuming he was right.
54:22:39Did he look for people who agreed or
54:22:44disagreed with him?
54:22:52He looked for the smartest people who
54:22:56disagreed with him.
54:22:59What did he start asking?
54:23:08He started asking how he could know.
54:23:14>> Good job. Let's continue the story.
54:23:18He built a company where anyone could
54:23:21disagree with anyone,
54:23:24including the boss.
54:23:35Slowly the business came back.
54:23:39Then it kept growing into the giant it
54:23:43is today.
54:23:45All
54:23:56right, time to prove you're focusing.
54:23:59Let's jump into it.
54:24:02>> Could anyone disagree with the boss in
54:24:06his company?
54:24:15Yes,
54:24:17anyone could disagree with anyone,
54:24:21including the boss. [clears throat]
54:24:24Did the business come back slowly
54:24:28or quickly?
54:24:33Slowly the business came back.
54:24:37What did the business become?
54:24:47It kept growing into the giant it is
54:24:50today.
54:24:53Now stories calling us. Let's continue.
54:24:57>> Years later, he turned what he had
54:25:00learned into a short formula.
54:25:03Pain plus reflection
54:25:06equals progress.
54:25:22pain alone does not complete the
54:25:25formula.
54:25:27Without reflection, people keep heading
54:25:30for the same mistakes.
54:25:45Okay, questions time. Let's jump into
54:25:47it.
54:25:49>> Did he turn what he had learned into a
54:25:52formula?
54:25:54[clears throat]
54:26:01Yes.
54:26:04He turned what he had learned into a
54:26:07short formula.
54:26:10Is the formula pain plus reflection
54:26:16or pain alone?
54:26:24The formula is pain plus reflection.
54:26:30What happens to people without
54:26:33reflection?
54:26:41Without reflection, people keep heading
54:26:44for the same mistakes.
54:26:48>> All right, let's see if you've guessed
54:26:50it right. Let's go to the next part of
54:26:51the story.
54:26:53Think about your last English test
54:26:58or the last conversation in English that
54:27:01went badly.
54:27:14It probably hurt a little.
54:27:18Arrogance says the test was unfair.
54:27:25Reflection asks what the pain is showing
54:27:28you.
54:27:43>> Okay, questions time.
54:27:46Does arrogance say the test was unfair?
54:28:00Yes.
54:28:02Arrogance [laughter]
54:28:02says the test was unfair.
54:28:06Does reflection blame the test
54:28:11or ask what the pain shows?
54:28:15Reflection
54:28:21asks what the pain is showing you.
54:28:26What should you think about?
54:28:35Think about your last English test that
54:28:39went badly.
54:28:42>> Now, this is the final part. I want you
54:28:44to focus and jump into it.
54:28:47>> Write down one mistake you made.
54:28:53Then find someone who can tell you why
54:28:56it happened.
54:29:03Remember
54:29:09the man behind the biggest hedge fund in
54:29:12the world?
54:29:15His success began with the year he was
54:29:18most wrong.
54:29:34Your own progress may start the same way
54:29:38with the mistake you write down tonight.
54:29:53All right, final questions. I want you
54:29:56to answer full sentences and let's go.
54:30:00Did his success begin with his most
54:30:04wrong year?
54:30:14Yes.
54:30:16His success began with the year he was
54:30:20most wrong.
54:30:23Should you write down one mistake
54:30:27or forget it?
54:30:33Write down one mistake you made.
54:30:38Who should you find?
54:30:46Find someone who can tell you why it
54:30:50happened.
54:30:58The grammar we practice today, past
54:31:01perfect versus past simple. By the time
54:31:05the market turned, he had already bet
54:31:07his money and his reputation on that
54:31:10prediction.
54:31:13He could not pay the handful of people
54:31:15he had hired, so he let them all go.
54:31:20He asked himself why he had been so sure
54:31:24and so wrong.
54:31:27He saw that the real problem had not
54:31:30been one bad prediction.
54:31:39Congratulations.
54:31:40You practiced 417
54:31:43words in this story and you learned a
54:31:46lot.
54:31:48Awesome. Wonderful. Beautiful.
54:32:08That's That's super great.
54:32:13for
54:32:33internet.
54:32:50foreign.
54:33:21Allah.
54:33:42Awesome.
54:33:52>> [laughter]
54:34:01>> speaking skills.
54:34:28and so on.
54:34:46How to stop worrying and start living.
54:35:1915 hours.
54:35:2215 hours from the book How to Stop
54:35:25Worrying and Start Living by Dale
54:35:28Cariegi.
54:35:30Submarine.
54:35:33Scar.
54:35:35Forid.
54:35:37Afford.
54:35:40Promote.
54:35:42Constant.
54:35:44Sailor.
54:35:46Navy.
54:35:49Fan.
54:35:51Hate.
54:35:54Boom.
54:35:57The whole submarine shakes
54:36:01and the lights flicker in the hot narrow
54:36:04room.
54:36:06[clears throat]
54:36:18It is 1945
54:36:22and the boat is hiding deep under the
54:36:25sea of Southeast Asia.
54:36:41Now, we're going to hear a question. I
54:36:43want you to answer it loudly in full
54:36:48sentences. Okay, let's go.
54:36:52Does the whole submarine shake?
54:37:03Yes.
54:37:05The whole submarine shakes
54:37:10and the lights flicker.
54:37:13Is the boat hiding under the sea or on
54:37:18the surface?
54:37:25The boat is hiding
54:37:27deep under the sea.
54:37:31What year is it?
54:37:38It is 1945.
54:37:41Here's
54:37:43Odd. Now, let's come to the next part.
54:37:46>> A young Navy sailor called Robert Moore
54:37:50lies still in the dark with the rest of
54:37:54the crew. [sighs]
54:38:06Above them, an enemy ship is dropping
54:38:09depth charges. Bombs that explode under
54:38:14the water.
54:38:26Spotlight now is on you. I want you to
54:38:29answer the questions by actually
54:38:32talking. Let's go.
54:38:35>> Is Robert Moore a Navy sailor?
54:38:44>> Yes,
54:38:46he is a young Navy sailor.
54:38:50Is the enemy ship above them
54:38:54or below them?
54:39:03The enemy ship is above them, dropping
54:39:07depth charges.
54:39:10What are depth charges?
54:39:19They are bombs that explode under the
54:39:22water.
54:39:25All right, let's see if you've guessed
54:39:27it right. Let's [clears throat] go to
54:39:28the next part of the story.
54:39:31>> Each one seems closer.
54:39:35The crew has turned off the fans and the
54:39:38cooling to stay silent.
54:39:52Without the fans, the air is hot and
54:39:55heavy.
54:39:58Yet he is [sighs] shivering with fear
54:40:01under a thick jacket.
54:40:17Let's turn those ears into voice.
54:40:21>> Has the crew turned off the fans?
54:40:33Yes, the crew has turned off the fans to
54:40:38stay silent.
54:40:41Without the fans, is the air cool or
54:40:46hot?
54:40:54Without the fans, the air is hot and
54:40:59heavy.
54:41:01Why is he shivering?
54:41:08He is shivering with fear.
54:41:13>> Now relax your voice and let's continue
54:41:16listening.
54:41:18>> Boom.
54:41:20Another one.
54:41:23His teeth are shaking.
54:41:26He is sure the next one will be the
54:41:30last.
54:41:45Hours pass.
54:41:48Every sailor waits in silence. And still
54:41:52the attack does not stop.
54:42:07All right, time to prove your focusing.
54:42:10Let's jump into it.
54:42:12>> Does the attack stop after an hour?
54:42:24No.
54:42:26Hours pass and still the attack does not
54:42:30stop.
54:42:32Does every sailor shout
54:42:36or wait in silence?
54:42:43Every sailor waits in silence.
54:42:48What is he sure of?
54:42:56He is sure the next one will be the last
54:43:02see English is already coming out of
54:43:04you. Now listen and let's continue.
54:43:08>> Lying there he thinks about his life
54:43:11before the Navy when he used to work in
54:43:15a bank.
54:43:25He remembers the things that used to
54:43:28keep him awake.
54:43:31None of them was a bomb.
54:43:44>> Okay, questions time.
54:43:47Did bombs used to keep him awake?
54:43:58No.
54:44:00None of the things that used
54:44:02[sighs and gasps] to keep him awake was
54:44:05a bomb.
54:44:07Did he used to work in a bank or on a
54:44:11ship?
54:44:13Before
54:44:18the Navy,
54:44:20he used to work in a bank.
54:44:23What does he remember?
54:44:33He remembers the things that used to
54:44:36keep him awake.
54:44:40>> Nice one. Let's continue.
54:44:43He would worry about his long hours and
54:44:47low pay
54:44:49and that he would never be promoted.
54:45:02He could not afford a house or a new
54:45:05car.
54:45:07He used to hate his boss's constant
54:45:11complaints.
54:45:25Now the table's turn. I'm going to ask
54:45:28you questions. You're going to do the
54:45:30talking. Let's go.
54:45:32>> Would he worry about his low pay?
54:45:43Yes,
54:45:45he would worry about his long hours
54:45:49and low pay.
54:45:51Could he afford a house or not?
54:46:03He could not afford a house or a new
54:46:06car.
54:46:08What did he used to hate?
54:46:17He used to hate his boss's constant
54:46:20complaints.
54:46:23>> Now, Story's calling us. Let's continue.
54:46:27>> He would even worry about a small scar
54:46:30on his forehead from an old car
54:46:34accident.
54:46:45Now in the dark all those worries look
54:46:50tiny.
54:46:52The house he could not afford.
54:46:55The constant complaints
54:46:59all seem almost funny.
54:47:17Let's see what stayed in your mind.
54:47:20Let's go.
54:47:22>> Would he even worry about a small scar?
54:47:35Yes,
54:47:36he would even worry about a small scar
54:47:40on his forehead.
54:47:43Now, do those worries look huge
54:47:48or tiny?
54:47:57Now in the dark,
54:48:00all those worries look tiny.
54:48:05Where was the scar?
54:48:11The scar was on his forehead.
54:48:16>> Now back to the story.
54:48:19>> So
54:48:20deep under the sea, he makes a quiet
54:48:24promise to himself.
54:48:35If he ever sees the sun and the stars
54:48:38again,
54:48:41he will never [music] worry like that
54:48:43again.
54:48:57Now it's yours. Go ahead and talk loudly
54:49:01as much as you can.
54:49:03>> Does he make a promise to himself?
54:49:15>> Yes.
54:49:17Deep under the sea, he makes a quiet
54:49:21promise to himself.
54:49:24Is his promise loud
54:49:28or quiet?
54:49:33He makes a quiet promise.
54:49:37What does he
54:49:39promise?
54:49:48If he sees the sun again,
54:49:52he will never worry like that again.
54:49:59>> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's
54:50:02keep it up and jump into the story.
54:50:05>> After 15 hours,
54:50:08the explosions stop.
54:50:13The enemy ship has used up all of its
54:50:16depth charges.
54:50:30Slowly the engines start again.
54:50:37The submarine moves away and the crew is
54:50:42alive.
54:50:57>> Okay, questions time. Let's jump into
54:51:00it.
54:51:01Do the explosions stop after 15 hours?
54:51:15Yes.
54:51:17After [snorts] 15 hours, the explosions
54:51:21stop.
54:51:23Does the submarine sink
54:51:26or move away?
54:51:35The submarine moves away and the crew is
54:51:39alive.
54:51:41Why do the explosions
54:51:44stop?
54:51:51The enemy ship has used up all of its
54:51:55depth charges.
54:51:59Great job. Now, back to the story.
54:52:02>> Years later, he told his story to a
54:52:05writer who collected true stories about
54:52:09worry.
54:52:19He said that those 15 hours had taught
54:52:23him more about living
54:52:26than 15 years of books.
54:52:45No pressure. Um, honestly, a little bit
54:52:47pressure. I want you to answer the
54:52:50questions in full sentences.
54:52:53>> Did he tell his story to a writer?
54:53:05Yes. Years later, he told his story to a
54:53:11writer.
54:53:13Did those hours teach him more than
54:53:16books or less?
54:53:27Those 15 hours taught him more than 15
54:53:32years of books.
54:53:35What kind of stories did the writer
54:53:38collect?
54:53:46The writer collected true stories
54:53:50about worry.
54:53:54>> That was amazing. Now, let's continue
54:53:56and enjoy the story.
54:53:58The low pay and the long wait to be
54:54:01promoted were still at home.
54:54:06His view of them had changed.
54:54:22Most of our worries are small.
54:54:26We often see their true size
54:54:30only when something big arrives.
54:54:47>> Okay, let's pause for a second. Now I'm
54:54:50going to ask you questions. Now it's
54:54:51over to you to answer them. Was the
54:54:54weight to be promoted
54:54:58still at home?
54:55:07Yes.
54:55:09The low pay and the long wait to be
54:55:12promoted
54:55:14were still at home. Had
54:55:17his problems changed
54:55:21or his view of them?
54:55:27His view of them had changed.
54:55:29[clears throat]
54:55:31When do we see the true size of our
54:55:35worries?
54:55:43We see their true size when something
54:55:46big arrives.
54:55:50>> Good job. Let's continue the story.
54:55:54>> We don't need a war to learn that.
54:55:58We can borrow his 15 hours instead.
54:56:12Think of what is worrying you most
54:56:15today.
54:56:17Maybe it is a grammar mistake or an exam
54:56:21score.
54:56:35No, the floor is yours. Let's go.
54:56:39>> Do we need a war to learn that?
54:56:48No.
54:56:50We don't need a war to learn that.
54:56:55Should we wait for a war or borrow his
54:56:5915 hours?
54:57:07We can borrow his 15 hours
54:57:11instead.
54:57:14What might be worrying you most today?
54:57:25Maybe it is a grammar mistake or an exam
54:57:29score.
54:57:31Now, this is the last part. Let's bring
54:57:34it home.
54:57:36>> Maybe you hate speaking English in front
54:57:39of others because you might sound silly.
54:57:52Now ask yourself honestly,
54:57:56is this a real danger
54:58:02or just a small scar on my forehead?
54:58:20the last round of questions. Let's end
54:58:23on a high note. Okay, let's go.
54:58:27>> Do you hate speaking English in front of
54:58:30others?
54:58:39Yes,
54:58:41maybe I hate speaking English in front
54:58:45of others.
54:58:48Is your worry a real danger
54:58:52or a small scar?
54:59:01It is just a small scar
54:59:05on my forehead.
54:59:08What should you ask yourself
54:59:11honestly?
54:59:21Is this a real danger
54:59:24or just a small scar?
54:59:35The grammar we practice today, used to
54:59:39versus would. Lying there, he thinks
54:59:42about his life before the Navy when he
54:59:45used to work in a bank.
54:59:49He remembers the things that used to
54:59:51keep him awake.
54:59:55He would worry about his long hours and
54:59:57low pay and that he would never be
55:00:00promoted.
55:00:03He used to hate his boss's constant
55:00:05complaints.
55:00:13Congratulations.
55:00:15You practice 429
55:00:18words in this story and you learned a
55:00:20lot.
55:00:23Fabulous.
55:00:55That was it.
55:00:59I I really really appreciate you
55:01:02practicing your English and learning
55:01:04something new.
55:01:07AI 2041
55:01:3210 years too early.
55:01:35>> 10 years too early from the book AI 2041
55:01:42by Kyu Lee and Chen Chuan.
55:01:46Opponent,
55:01:49intelligent,
55:01:51universe,
55:01:54commentator,
55:01:56atom,
55:01:58unusually.
55:02:01Continue.
55:02:03Sharp,
55:02:05irony,
55:02:07far away.
55:02:11A computer program sat in London
55:02:15playing a game against itself
55:02:18millions of times.
55:02:32A small team had built it to master the
55:02:35ancient board game of go.
55:02:40They called it
55:02:43Alpha Go.
55:02:58That's amazing. I want you to listen to
55:03:02the questions and answer in
55:03:04[clears throat] sentences. Build full
55:03:06sentences, not just words. Okay, let's
55:03:09go.
55:03:10>> Did the program play
55:03:14against itself?
55:03:24Yes,
55:03:26it played a game against itself
55:03:31millions of times.
55:03:34Did a small team or a big crowd build
55:03:39it?
55:03:44A small team had built it.
55:03:48What did they call the program?
55:03:57They called it
55:04:00Alpha Go.
55:04:04Now back to the story.
55:04:06>> Go looks simple.
55:04:09Two players take turns placing black and
55:04:13white stones on a board of lines.
55:04:28Yet there are more possible games than
55:04:31atoms in the universe.
55:04:35Count every atom [laughter] and the
55:04:38games still win.
55:04:54A quick check before we move on. I want
55:04:57you to answer these questions.
55:05:00>> Are there more possible games than atoms
55:05:04in the universe?
55:05:14Yes,
55:05:16there are more possible games than atoms
55:05:19in the universe.
55:05:23Does go look simple or difficult?
55:05:32Go look simple.
55:05:35What do the two players place on the
55:05:38board?
55:05:46They place black and white stones
55:05:50on a board of lines.
55:05:54>> Now stories calling us. Let's continue.
55:05:58>> Computers had beaten chess champions
55:06:00years before.
55:06:03In a universe that big, people said a
55:06:07computer would be lost.
55:06:22Many experts felt safe.
55:06:26They said a computer would need about 10
55:06:28more years to beat a top player.
55:06:43Okay, voice is up. Now, here comes the
55:06:46questions.
55:06:49>> Did people say a computer would be lost?
55:07:01Yes.
55:07:03People said a computer would be lost in
55:07:07a universe that big.
55:07:11Would a computer need 10 more years
55:07:15or 10 more days?
55:07:24They said a computer would need about 10
55:07:27more years.
55:07:30What had computers beaten years before?
55:07:40Computers had beaten chess champions
55:07:44years before.
55:07:47>> See, English is already coming out of
55:07:50you. Now listen and let's continue.
55:07:53In March 2016 in Seoul,
55:07:58Alph Go faced Lee Sidal, one of the
55:08:02greatest Go players alive.
55:08:18Before the match, he said he was going
55:08:21to win clearly.
55:08:24Millions of people watched.
55:08:36Here's where you do the talking. Go
55:08:39ahead and talk and build me full
55:08:41sentences.
55:08:43Did Lee Doll say he was going to lose?
55:08:55No.
55:08:57He said he was going to win. Clearly,
55:09:01did the match happen in Soul
55:09:05or in London?
55:09:15In March 2016,
55:09:18Alph Go faced Lee Sidal in soul.
55:09:24Who was Lee Sidal?
55:09:33He was one of the greatest go players
55:09:36alive.
55:09:39Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep
55:09:41moving.
55:09:44>> The computer won the first game.
55:09:48In the second, it played an unusually
55:09:52bold move.
55:10:06Some commentators thought it was a
55:10:08mistake.
55:10:10It was brilliant
55:10:13and nobody had seen it coming.
55:10:29>> Okay, questions time.
55:10:32Did the computer win the first game?
55:10:42Yes,
55:10:44the computer won the first game.
55:10:48Was the unusually bold move a mistake
55:10:54or brilliant?
55:11:02It was brilliant
55:11:04and nobody had seen it coming.
55:11:08What did some commentators
55:11:11think?
55:11:18Some commentators [laughter] thought it
55:11:20was a mistake.
55:11:24>> Okay, now listening mode.
55:11:27Lee Sid Doll stared at the board
55:11:31and took an unusually long time to
55:11:34reply.
55:11:37Then he continued the fight.
55:11:54Alph Go won that game and the third.
55:12:01The match was decided years before the
55:12:04experts date.
55:12:20That's amazing. Now you want to speak
55:12:23what you have read and listened.
55:12:26>> Did Lee Sidal continue the fight?
55:12:38Yes,
55:12:40he took an unusually long time. Then he
55:12:45continued the fight.
55:12:48Was the match decided before
55:12:52or after the expert state.
55:13:02The match was decided years before the
55:13:07experts date.
55:13:09Which games did Alph Go win?
55:13:19Alph Go won that game and the third.
55:13:26Now relax your voice and let's continue
55:13:29listening.
55:13:30>> In the fourth game, the champion found a
55:13:34sharp move his opponent did not expect
55:13:39and won.
55:13:42>> [applause]
55:13:53>> That single win meant a lot to people.
55:13:58Still, the final score was 4 to one for
55:14:04the machine.
55:14:19speaking time. I don't want you to
55:14:21overthink it. Just open your mouth and
55:14:24just talk whatever you remember from the
55:14:26story.
55:14:28>> Did the champion win
55:14:31the fourth game?
55:14:41Yes,
55:14:43he found a sharp move his opponent did
55:14:46not expect and won.
55:14:50Was the final score 4 to one for the
55:14:55machine
55:14:57or for the man?
55:15:05The final score was 4 to one
55:15:09for the machine.
55:15:12What did the champion find in the fourth
55:15:16game?
55:15:25He found a sharp move his opponent did
55:15:29not expect. Awesome.
55:15:33Great job. Let's keep up the story.
55:15:37>> Go back to the experts who said 10
55:15:40years.
55:15:43They were intelligent, careful people.
55:15:58They used the past to predict the
55:16:02future.
55:16:05The past said machines would stay slow
55:16:08at this.
55:16:11The past was wrong.
55:16:28Now the floor is yours. Let's go.
55:16:32>> Were the experts intelligent, careful
55:16:35people?
55:16:43Yes,
55:16:45they were intelligent, careful people.
55:16:50Did the past say machines would stay
55:16:54slow
55:16:56or get fast?
55:17:04The past said machines would stay slow
55:17:07at this.
55:17:09What did the experts use to predict the
55:17:14future?
55:17:21They used the past to predict the
55:17:24future.
55:17:27>> Good job. Let's continue the story.
55:17:30>> Three years later, Lee Sidal retired
55:17:35from Professional Go.
55:17:38He said AI was an opponent that could
55:17:42not be defeated.
55:17:58The irony is sharp.
55:18:02The experts and commentators who knew
55:18:05the game best were among the most
55:18:09surprised.
55:18:24Let's turn those ears into voice.
55:18:28Did Lee Sadal retire three years later?
55:18:41Yes.
55:18:433 years later he retired from
55:18:47professional go.
55:18:49Were the commentators among the most
55:18:52surprised
55:18:54or the least?
55:19:02The experts and commentators were among
55:19:05the most surprised.
55:19:09What did he say AI was?
55:19:19He said AI was an opponent that could
55:19:24not be defeated.
55:19:28>> All right, let's see if you've guessed
55:19:30it right. Let's go to the next part of
55:19:31the story.
55:19:33>> Since then, the pattern has continued.
55:19:38AI now writes, draws, codes, and answers
55:19:43questions in seconds.
55:20:00Each time, many experts said the day
55:20:03would still be far away.
55:20:08Each time it arrived sooner.
55:20:26Now the table's turn. I'm going to ask
55:20:28you questions. You're going to do the
55:20:30talking. Let's go.
55:20:32>> Has the pattern continued since then?
55:20:44Yes.
55:20:47Since then, the pattern has continued.
55:20:52Did the day arrive sooner or later than
55:20:57experts said.
55:21:03Each time it arrived sooner.
55:21:09What did many experts say? Each time
55:21:19they said the day would still be far
55:21:23away.
55:21:25>> That was amazing. Now let's continue and
55:21:28enjoy the story.
55:21:30The point is not to fear the machine.
55:21:35Just don't repeat the irony of thinking
55:21:39the change is far away.
55:21:53Remember the fourth game too.
55:21:58An intelligent human who had prepared
55:22:01deeply
55:22:03found what the machine had missed.
55:22:22>> Okay, questions time. Let's jump into
55:22:24it.
55:22:26Is the point to fear the machine?
55:22:36No.
55:22:38The point is not to fear the machine.
55:22:44Did the human find what the machine had
55:22:47missed
55:22:49or miss it too?
55:22:59An intelligent human who had prepared
55:23:02deeply found what the machine had
55:23:06missed.
55:23:08What irony should you not repeat?
55:23:17Don't repeat the irony of thinking the
55:23:20change is far away.
55:23:24>> Now, this is the time for the ending of
55:23:26the story. And here's the important the
55:23:29most important part. Basically, let's
55:23:31continue.
55:23:32>> Your work will probably change sooner
55:23:35than experts say.
55:23:39The people who learn to use AI first
55:23:43will lead that change.
55:23:59carry one question today.
55:24:04Which part of my work could a machine do
55:24:07in 10 years?
55:24:10And what am I learning now?
55:24:14Here's
55:24:29the last questions. I want you to give
55:24:31them everything you've got.
55:24:35>> Will the people who use AI first lead
55:24:40the change?
55:24:49Yes,
55:24:51the people who learn to use AI first
55:24:55will lead that change.
55:24:59Will your work change sooner or later
55:25:04than experts say?
55:25:13Your work will probably change sooner
55:25:17than experts say.
55:25:20What question should you carry today?
55:25:30Which part of my work could a machine do
55:25:34in 10 years?
55:25:43The grammar we practice today, future in
55:25:47the past. In a universe that big, people
55:25:50said a computer would be lost.
55:25:55They said a computer would need about 10
55:25:57more years to beat a top player.
55:26:02Before the match, he said he was going
55:26:04to win. Clearly,
55:26:07the past said machines would stay slow
55:26:10at this.
55:26:18Congratulations.
55:26:20You practiced 426
55:26:23words in this story and you learned a
55:26:26lot.
55:26:49That's amazing. That's that's such a
55:26:51beautiful opportunity.
55:26:58Atomic habit.
55:27:30I think.
55:27:34Okay.
55:27:48Ooh,
55:27:53the soup that smelled good. The soap
55:27:58that smelled good from the book Atomic
55:28:02Habits by James Clear.
55:28:05Immediately
55:28:08pleasure.
55:28:10Remarkable.
55:28:13Instant.
55:28:15Frightening.
55:28:17Premium.
55:28:19Bubble.
55:28:21Crowded.
55:28:24Pneumonia.
55:28:26Stomach.
55:28:29Karachi
55:28:30Pakistan.
55:28:332002.
55:28:37In crowded neighborhoods at the edge of
55:28:40the city, children were getting sick
55:28:43again and again.
55:28:59Many had diarrhea, a stomach illness, or
55:29:04pneumonia,
55:29:05a serious illness of the lungs. [cough]
55:29:20Now, we're going to hear a question. I
55:29:22want you to answer it loudly in full
55:29:26sentences. Okay, let's go.
55:29:30>> Were the neighborhoods at the edge of
55:29:33the city
55:29:35crowded?
55:29:44Yes.
55:29:46The neighborhoods at the edge of the
55:29:48city were crowded.
55:29:52Was diarrhea a stomach illness
55:29:57or a lung illness?
55:30:07Diarrhea was a [sighs and gasps] stomach
55:30:09illness.
55:30:12What was
55:30:14pneumonia?
55:30:22Pneumonia was a serious illness of the
55:30:26lungs.
55:30:29>> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the
55:30:32story.
55:30:33>> A public health researcher named Steven
55:30:36Lubie wanted to protect these families.
55:30:41His tool was simple.
55:30:46Soap.
55:31:00There was one problem.
55:31:03When people know that they should wash
55:31:06their hands, they still often skip it.
55:31:22Now the table's turn. I'm going to ask
55:31:25you questions. You're going to do the
55:31:27talking. Let's go.
55:31:29>> Was Steven Lubiey's tool complicated?
55:31:43No,
55:31:45his tool was simple.
55:31:48Soap.
55:31:50Did Lubie want to protect the families
55:31:55or blame them?
55:32:02He wanted to protect these families.
55:32:07What happens when people know they
55:32:10should wash their hands?
55:32:20When people know that they should wash
55:32:23their hands, they still often skip it.
55:32:29>> Here's on. Now, let's come to the next
55:32:31part.
55:32:33>> What would you do?
55:32:36How would you get busy families to wash
55:32:39their hands many times a day?
55:32:54Most of us would reach for the usual
55:32:57answers,
55:32:59give lectures,
55:33:02show frightening pictures,
55:33:05explain germs
55:33:08again.
55:33:23Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to
55:33:25answer the questions?
55:33:27>> Would most of us show frightening
55:33:31pictures?
55:33:39Yes.
55:33:41Most of us would show frightening
55:33:44pictures.
55:33:46Is the question about busy families
55:33:50or rich families?
55:33:57The question is about busy families.
55:34:02What are the usual answers?
55:34:13give lectures, show frightening
55:34:16pictures, and explain germs again.
55:34:22>> Good job. Let's continue the story.
55:34:26>> Luby's team did teach good habits and
55:34:30workers visited the crowded homes every
55:34:33week.
55:34:36But they also did something unusual.
55:34:52With a big soap company, they gave
55:34:56families a premium soap, the kind people
55:35:00buy as a treat.
55:35:14Every sentence,
55:35:16speak it out loud. Okay, let's go.
55:35:19>> Did workers visit the crowded homes
55:35:23every week?
55:35:33Yes,
55:35:35workers visited the crowded homes every
55:35:39week.
55:35:41Was the soap cheap or premium?
55:35:52It was a premium soap, the kind people
55:35:57buy as a treat.
55:36:00Who gave families the soap?
55:36:10Luby's team with a big soap company gave
55:36:14families the soap.
55:36:18Great job. Now, back to the story.
55:36:22>> It made thick bubbles easily,
55:36:26and it smelled fresh and pleasant.
55:36:32Using it felt good immediately.
55:36:37[clears throat]
55:36:49For many families, handwashing stopped
55:36:53being a boring rule and became a small
55:36:57enjoyable moment.
55:37:13Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and
55:37:15speak.
55:37:17Did the soap make thick bubbles?
55:37:27Yes.
55:37:29It made thick bubbles easily.
55:37:34Did using it feel good immediately
55:37:39or much later?
55:37:46Using it felt good immediately.
55:37:51What did handwashing become?
55:38:01Handwashing became a small enjoyable
55:38:05moment.
55:38:08>> That was amazing. Now let's continue and
55:38:11enjoy the story.
55:38:13>> The results were remarkable.
55:38:17In the homes with soap, diarrhea, the
55:38:21stomach illness, fell by about half
55:38:25among children.
55:38:40Pneumonia among the youngest children
55:38:43also fell by about half.
55:38:54A quick check before we move on. I want
55:38:57you to answer these questions.
55:39:00>> Were the results disappointing?
55:39:10>> No.
55:39:12The results were remarkable.
55:39:16Did diarrhea fall by about half
55:39:20or by a little?
55:39:30Diarrhea, the stomach illness, fell by
55:39:34about half among children.
55:39:38What happened to pneumonia among the
55:39:41youngest children?
55:39:51Pneumonia among the youngest children
55:39:54also fell by about half.
55:39:59>> Okay, now listening mode.
55:40:02>> In Atomic Habits, James Clear points to
55:40:06a remarkable detail in this study that
55:40:09most people miss.
55:40:22The families already knew that
55:40:25handwashing was important.
55:40:29When people already know the facts, more
55:40:33information changes little.
55:40:50Here's where you do the talking. Go
55:40:53ahead and talk and build me full
55:40:55sentences.
55:40:57Does James Clear point to a remarkable
55:41:01detail?
55:41:10Yes.
55:41:12He points to a remarkable detail that
55:41:17most people miss.
55:41:20Was handwashing news to the families
55:41:26or did they already know?
55:41:35The families already knew that
55:41:38handwashing was important.
55:41:41What happens when people already know
55:41:45the facts?
55:41:55When people already know the facts, more
55:41:59information changes little.
55:42:04>> Great answers. Let's see what happens
55:42:06now.
55:42:08>> They needed a reason to enjoy the habit
55:42:11now, not only a frightening picture of
55:42:15illness later.
55:42:28the premium soap gave them that reason.
55:42:35Every wash brought an instant reward.
55:42:39Thick bubbles, soft hands, and a nice
55:42:43smell.
55:42:58Let's see what stayed in your mind.
55:43:01Let's go.
55:43:03>> Did they only need a frightening picture
55:43:07of illness?
55:43:16No,
55:43:19they needed a reason to enjoy the habit.
55:43:24Now,
55:43:26was the reward instant or slow?
55:43:37Every wash brought an instant reward.
55:43:43What was the instant reward?
55:43:54The instant reward was thick bubbles,
55:43:58soft hands, and a nice smell.
55:44:04Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's
55:44:07keep it up and jump into the story.
55:44:10>> Lubby did not blame the families or
55:44:13lecture them harder.
55:44:17He served them by making the healthy
55:44:21choice, the pleasant one.
55:44:37Clear calls this the cardinal rule of
55:44:41behavior change.
55:44:44What is immediately rewardings
55:44:47is repeated.
55:45:03Great speaking time. Now let's jump into
55:45:07the speaking time.
55:45:10>> Did Lubie blame the families?
55:45:20>> No.
55:45:21Lubby did not blame the families.
55:45:26Did he make the healthy choice the
55:45:29pleasant one
55:45:31or the hard one?
55:45:40He made the healthy choice, the pleasant
55:45:44one.
55:45:46What does Clear's cardinal rule say?
55:45:57What is immediately rewarded is
55:46:01repeated.
55:46:04>> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep
55:46:06moving.
55:46:08>> The health came weeks later.
55:46:12The pleasure came first
55:46:16and it kept people washing until the
55:46:19health arrived.
55:46:34English works the same way.
55:46:38If fluency is months away,
55:46:42practice feels empty today.
55:46:59>> Okay, let's pause for a second. Now, I'm
55:47:01going to ask you questions. Now, it's
55:47:03over to you to answer them.
55:47:06Did the pleasure come
55:47:08first?
55:47:18Yes.
55:47:19The pleasure came first and the health
55:47:24came weeks later.
55:47:27Does English work the same way or a
55:47:32different way?
55:47:38English works the same way.
55:47:43How does practice feel if fluency is
55:47:47months away?
55:47:57If fluency is months away,
55:48:01practice feels empty today.
55:48:06>> See, English is already coming out of
55:48:09you. Now listen and let's continue.
55:48:13>> If your brain gets no instant reward
55:48:16today,
55:48:18it quietly chooses
55:48:21something easier.
55:48:24Here
55:48:34is a small experiment for this week.
55:48:38Tie your English practice to something
55:48:41you truly enjoy.
55:48:55All right, time to prove your focusing.
55:48:59Let's jump into it.
55:49:01>> If your brain gets no instant reward,
55:49:05does it choose something easier?
55:49:16Yes.
55:49:18If your brain gets no instant reward
55:49:21today,
55:49:23it quietly chooses something easier.
55:49:28Is the experiment for this week or for
55:49:31next year?
55:49:37The experiment is for this week.
55:49:42What should you tie your English
55:49:45practice to?
55:49:51Tie it to something you truly enjoy.
55:49:57That's it. This is the last part of a
55:49:58story. Give it your best.
55:50:02>> Shadow a story only while drinking your
55:50:05favorite tea. Or practice with a topic
55:50:09you love.
55:50:20After each session, give yourself one
55:50:23small pleasure you like.
55:50:26A short walk or a call to a friend.
55:50:41At the week's end, ask yourself,
55:50:45when practice ends with a pleasure, does
55:50:49it feel like the soap?
55:51:05Last questions. Finish the story with
55:51:09the best answers possible.
55:51:12>> Should you drink your favorite tea while
55:51:16you shadow a story?
55:51:26Yes.
55:51:28Shadow a story only while drinking your
55:51:32favorite tea.
55:51:34After each session, do you give yourself
55:51:38a pleasure or a test?
55:51:48After each session, give yourself one
55:51:51small pleasure you like.
55:51:55What should you ask yourself at the
55:51:58week's end?
55:52:07Ask yourself,
55:52:09when practice ends with a pleasure,
55:52:14does it feel like the soap?
55:52:23The grammar we practice today, zero
55:52:27conditional. When people know that they
55:52:30should wash their hands, they still
55:52:32often skip it.
55:52:35When people already know the facts, more
55:52:38information changes little.
55:52:42If fluency is months away, practice
55:52:45feels empty today.
55:52:49If your brain gets no instant reward
55:52:52today, it quietly chooses something
55:52:55easier.
55:52:56Congratulations.
55:53:04You practiced 427
55:53:07words in this story and you learned a
55:53:10lot.
55:53:12Super proud of you.
55:53:24This is great. Uh, let's keep it up.
55:53:27Awesome.
55:53:41At the same time,
55:53:45my name is Muhammad. I am from Bahin. I
55:53:49am 18 years old. I study medicine in
55:53:53Royal College of Surgeons in Irand.
55:54:44Mhm. forchech.
55:55:25Mhm.
55:55:39Mhm.
55:55:57Okay.
55:56:07foreign.
55:56:17Mhm.
55:56:33Okay.
55:56:35foreign.
55:56:43Uhhuh.
55:56:58Mhm. Mhm.
55:57:14Okay.
55:57:29English.
55:57:37Mhm.
55:57:45Hello.
55:57:58Come on. foreign.
55:58:09Okay.
55:58:38Hello. Hello.
55:58:47Okay.
55:58:59foreign.
55:59:13Okay.
55:59:26Okay.
55:59:28Mhm.
56:00:24Fanel foreign.
56:00:31Mhm.
56:00:44Comprehension doesn't
56:00:49focus.
56:01:09for
56:01:18social media.
56:01:21Hello.
56:01:26Mhm.
56:01:47Mhm.
56:02:18Okay.
56:02:24already.
56:02:52Okay.
56:02:58play you.
56:03:08Mhm.
56:03:39online.
56:03:42Mhm.
56:04:20Okay.
56:04:50Okay.
56:05:00ect.
56:05:25Are you already teacher?
56:05:29How many
56:05:45robot
56:06:01comfortable.
56:06:17Okay.
56:06:28Mhm.
56:06:47Shakespare.
56:07:13Not
56:07:22Hello.
56:07:37Okay.
56:07:42for
56:07:54waiting.
56:08:01Hello
56:08:29already. Okay.
56:08:45application.
56:09:10Shakespare. Cafe.
56:09:39Hello.
56:09:43Mhm.
56:09:54for
56:09:56delivery.
56:10:18foreign
56:10:21oil.
56:10:25Mhm.
56:10:54model.
56:10:58Hello.
56:11:08Mhm.
56:11:37test.
56:11:38Okay.
56:11:55for
56:12:01eyelids.
56:12:16Mhm.
56:12:46Mhm.
56:12:49Generalademic ones.
56:13:13One of
56:13:41WhatsApp. Mhm.
56:14:18already.
56:14:25Okay.
56:14:29Part one, two, part three.
56:14:39Hello.
56:14:49Hello.
56:15:09foreign
56:16:02Mhm.
56:16:46There you are.
56:16:53Yes. Okay.
56:17:0924 hours ago. I told him [laughter]
56:17:58already
56:18:07flexible.
56:18:18for
56:18:31eyelids.
56:18:39Mhm.
56:19:06Lectures.
56:19:08foreign.
56:19:21Okay.
56:19:32Mhm.
56:19:47Oh yeah.
56:19:56foreign.
56:20:24Okay.
56:20:37Okay.
56:20:46foreign.
56:20:57Okay.
56:21:08forced.
56:21:37foreign.
56:22:29for
56:22:32leak.
56:22:37So you go
56:22:48for
56:23:26But anyways,
56:23:31mindset
56:23:44growth mindset.
56:24:01It's It's such a great book.
56:24:12refused
56:24:14>> the course they refused
56:24:17from the book Mindset by Carol S. Dwick
56:24:22ability
56:24:25weakness
56:24:27embarrassing
56:24:30turn down
56:24:33mindset
56:24:35certain
56:24:37mostly
56:24:40look smart
56:24:42show up
56:24:45sign up
56:24:48here is a puzzle
56:24:51Try to solve it yourself
56:24:54before you hear the answer.
56:25:07At the University of Hong Kong,
56:25:10everything happens in English.
56:25:14classes, books, and exams all use it.
56:25:33No one word answer. I don't want you to
56:25:35give me like ah small answers. I want
56:25:37you to give me full sentences aloud. And
56:25:40when you're going to hear and listen to
56:25:41the sentence, repeat it yourself. Okay,
56:25:45let's go.
56:25:46>> Does everything happen in English at the
56:25:51University of Hong Kong?
56:26:01Yes.
56:26:04At the University of Hong Kong,
56:26:06everything happens in [clears throat]
56:26:09English.
56:26:12Should you solve the puzzle yourself
56:26:15or wait for the answer?
56:26:25Try to solve it yourself
56:26:29before you hear the answer.
56:26:34What uses English at the university,
56:26:45classes, books, and exams
56:26:49all use English.
56:26:52>> Now relax your voice and let's continue
56:26:55listening.
56:26:57>> Some students arrive with weak English.
56:27:02For them, every lecture is harder and
56:27:06every exam is a risk.
56:27:22Carol Dwek, a psychologist at Stanford,
56:27:26describes a study with these students in
56:27:29her book, Mindset.
56:27:43>> Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to
56:27:45answer the questions?
56:27:47Is every lecture easier for students
56:27:51with weak English?
56:28:01No.
56:28:03For them every lecture is harder and
56:28:08every exam is a risk.
56:28:12Is Carol Dwek a psychologist?
56:28:16or an English teacher.
56:28:23Carol Dwek is a psychologist at
56:28:26Stanford.
56:28:28What is the name of Dwek's book?
56:28:36Her book is called
56:28:39Mindset.
56:28:42Nice one. Let's continue.
56:28:45The researchers asked new students a
56:28:48simple question.
56:28:51If the university offered an English
56:28:54course, [clears throat]
56:28:56would you take it?
56:29:04Among
56:29:11the students with weak English, which
56:29:14ones said no?
56:29:18Take a guess.
56:29:31Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and
56:29:33speak.
56:29:34If the university offered an English
56:29:37course,
56:29:39would you take it?
56:29:49Yes.
56:29:50If the university offered an English
56:29:53course, I would take it.
56:29:57Did the researchers ask old students
56:30:02or new students?
56:30:10The researchers asked new students a
56:30:14simple question.
56:30:17Which students does the puzzle ask
56:30:19about?
56:30:28It asks which students with weak English
56:30:32said no.
56:30:35>> Now back to the story.
56:30:39>> The obvious guess is the lazy ones, the
56:30:43students who did not care about grades.
56:30:56That is not what the researchers found.
56:31:01The answer depended on how each student
56:31:05thought about ability.
56:31:22Okay, questions time.
56:31:25>> Is the obvious guess the lazy ones?
56:31:36>> Yes. The obvious guess is the lazy ones.
56:31:43Did the hamster depend on grades
56:31:48or on ideas about ability?
56:31:58The answer depended on how each student
56:32:02thought
56:32:03about ability.
56:32:07In the obvious guess, who did not care
56:32:11about grades?
56:32:21In the obvious guess, the lazy students
56:32:25did not care about grades.
56:32:29>> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep
56:32:32moving.
56:32:33The researchers had also measured this.
56:32:39Some believed intelligence is fixed.
56:32:44You have a certain amount and that is
56:32:47all.
56:33:01Others believed ability grows with
56:33:05effort and learning.
56:33:08Dwek calls this a growth mindset.
56:33:18Here's
56:33:28where you do the talking. Go ahead and
56:33:31talk and build me full sentences.
56:33:34>> Did some students believe intelligence
56:33:38is fixed?
56:33:48Yes,
56:33:50some believed intelligence is fixed.
56:33:54You have a certain amount and that is
56:33:57all.
56:33:59In a growth mindset,
56:34:02does ability grow with effort or with
56:34:06luck?
56:34:15In a growth mindset, ability grows with
56:34:19effort and learning.
56:34:23What does Dwek call this belief?
56:34:33Dwek calls this a growth mindset.
56:34:39>> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen.
56:34:43Among the weak students, the ones with a
56:34:46growth mindset, mostly said yes.
56:34:51They wanted the course.
56:35:05The ones with a fixed mindset were
56:35:08mostly not very interested.
56:35:12Many turn down the help they needed.
56:35:28>> Okay, questions time. Let's jump into
56:35:30it.
56:35:32>> Did the growth mindset students mostly
56:35:36say yes?
56:35:45Yes.
56:35:47The ones with a growth mindset mostly
56:35:50said yes.
56:35:53Did the fixed mindset students take the
56:35:57help or refuse it?
56:36:04Many turn down the help they needed.
56:36:09who turned down the help they needed.
56:36:20Many students with a fixed mindset
56:36:23turned down the help they needed.
56:36:28>> Great answers. Let's see what happens
56:36:30now. Their degrees depended on English
56:36:35and they refused to improve it.
56:36:46The missing clue is this.
56:36:51For a fixed mindset, a basic course
56:36:54feels like an embarrassing public
56:36:57announcement.
56:36:59I am not good enough.
56:37:16>> Okay, voice is up. Now, here comes the
56:37:20questions.
56:37:21>> Did their degrees depend on English?
56:37:33Yes,
56:37:34their degrees depended on English
56:37:40to a fixed mindset.
56:37:43Does a basic course feel embarrassing
56:37:47or exciting?
56:37:56For a fixed mindset, a basic course
56:37:59feels like an embarrassing public
56:38:02announcement.
56:38:04What does the public announcement say?
56:38:14It says
56:38:16I am not good enough.
56:38:22Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's
56:38:25keep it up and jump into the story.
56:38:28>> If you had only a certain amount of
56:38:31ability,
56:38:32showing a weakness would be dangerous.
56:38:45If they signed up, everyone would see
56:38:48their weakness.
56:38:51So they chose to look smart today,
56:38:56even if it made them weaker tomorrow.
56:39:13Now the table's turn. I'm going to ask
56:39:16you questions. You're going to do the
56:39:18talking. Let's go.
56:39:20If ability were a certain amount,
56:39:24would a weakness be dangerous?
56:39:35Yes.
56:39:37If you had only a certain amount of
56:39:39ability, showing a weakness would be
56:39:43dangerous.
56:39:45If they signed up, would everyone see
56:39:49their weakness
56:39:51or their effort?
56:39:58If they signed up, everyone would see
56:40:01their weakness.
56:40:04What did they choose to do today?
56:40:16They chose to look smart today,
56:40:20even if it made them weaker tomorrow.
56:40:25>> See, English is already coming out of
56:40:28you. Now listen and let's continue.
56:40:31>> Hiding a weakness does not make it
56:40:34smaller.
56:40:36It only keeps it away from the help that
56:40:40could fix it.
56:40:52Many of us do the same with English.
56:40:56We stay quiet in meetings because we
56:41:01want to look smart.
56:41:04Awesome.
56:41:17Now it's speaking turn.
56:41:19>> Does hiding a weakness make it smaller?
56:41:31No.
56:41:33Hiding a weakness does not make it
56:41:36smaller.
56:41:38Do we speak up in meetings or stay
56:41:42quiet?
56:41:50We stay quiet in meetings because we
56:41:54want to look smart.
56:41:56Where does hiding keep a weakness?
56:42:06It keeps it away from the help that
56:42:10could fix it.
56:42:13>> Great job. Now, back to the story.
56:42:16>> If our company offered a free English
56:42:20class tomorrow,
56:42:22many of us would turn down the offer.
56:42:37We avoid the speaking test.
56:42:41We tell people our English is fine.
56:42:46And we never sign up for the class.
56:43:04Great. Speaking time. Now, let's jump
56:43:07into the speaking time.
56:43:10>> If our company offered a free class,
56:43:14would we take it?
56:43:22>> No.
56:43:24Many of us would turn down the offer.
56:43:29Do we sign up for the class or avoid it?
56:43:39We never sign up for the class.
56:43:44What do we tell people about our
56:43:47English?
56:43:54We tell people our English is fine.
56:44:01>> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the
56:44:03story.
56:44:06>> Try this recipe this week.
56:44:10First, write down the one English skill
56:44:14you hide the most.
56:44:29Second, find one class teacher or
56:44:33partner for that exact skill.
56:44:37Even if asking feels embarrassing,
56:44:55>> let's hear you. Now it's your turn to
56:44:57speak.
56:44:58>> Is the recipe for this week
56:45:08Yes.
56:45:09Try this recipe this week.
56:45:14Do you write down the skill you hide or
56:45:18the skill you love?
56:45:27Write down the one English skill you
56:45:30hide the most.
56:45:34What should you find? Even if asking
56:45:37feels embarrassing.
56:45:48Find one class, teacher or partner for
56:45:52that exact skill.
56:45:56>> That's it. This is the last part of the
56:45:58story. Give it your best.
56:46:01Third, show up and make your mistakes
56:46:05where someone can hear them and correct
56:46:09them.
56:46:20If you showed up like this for a month,
56:46:24you would hear the difference yourself.
56:46:38For a few weeks, it will feel like
56:46:41weakness.
56:46:44In fact, it is the first sign your
56:46:47English is growing.
56:47:03All right, final questions. I want you
56:47:06to answer full sentences and let's go.
56:47:10>> Should you hide your mistakes?
56:47:21No.
56:47:23Show up and make your mistakes where
56:47:26someone can hear them.
56:47:30If you showed up for a month, would you
56:47:33hear the difference or not?
56:47:44If you showed up like this for a month,
56:47:48you would hear the difference yourself.
56:47:52How will it feel for a few weeks?
56:48:01For a few weeks, it will feel like
56:48:04weakness.
56:48:13The grammar we practice today, second
56:48:16conditional. If the university offered
56:48:19an English course, would you take it?
56:48:24If you had only a certain amount of
56:48:26ability, showing a weakness would be
56:48:29dangerous.
56:48:32If they signed up, everyone would see
56:48:35their weakness.
56:48:38If our company offered a free English
56:48:41class tomorrow, many of us would turn
56:48:43down the offer.
56:48:51Congratulations.
56:48:53You practiced 428 words in this story
56:48:57and you learned a lot.
56:49:18TPRS, comprehensible input, Dr. Crash, a
56:49:21lot of things.
56:49:34That's that this is the right way.
56:49:36That's amazing.
56:49:38The first 20 hours
56:49:48skating
56:49:53skates.
56:50:04I will come.
56:50:2940 minutes a day.
56:50:3240 minutes a day from the book The First
56:50:3620 Hours by Josh Kaufman.
56:50:40Article,
56:50:42competitive,
56:50:45athlete,
56:50:47reasonably
56:50:50acceptable,
56:50:52roughly
56:50:54lack
56:50:57original,
56:50:59fulltime.
56:51:02Leave out.
56:51:05Imagine a new baby asleep.
56:51:10A father at the door, [sighs]
56:51:14very happy
56:51:17and very tired.
56:51:33He is Josh Calfman, a business writer.
56:51:37His book, The First 20 Hours, begins in
56:51:43this season.
56:51:58Now, we're going to hear a question. I
56:52:00want you to answer it loudly in full
56:52:04sentences. Okay, let's go.
56:52:08Is the father very
56:52:11tired?
56:52:20Yes,
56:52:22her father is very happy
56:52:26and very tired. [gasps]
56:52:30Is Josh Kaufman a business writer
56:52:34or a doctor?
56:52:42He is Josh Calfman,
56:52:45a business writer.
56:52:48What is the name of his book?
56:52:57His book is the first 20 hours.
56:53:04>> Great job. Now, back to the story.
56:53:08>> The first weeks,
56:53:11like any new parent, [crying]
56:53:13he lives in short pieces of time.
56:53:18He wishes the days were longer.
56:53:27Before
56:53:34the baby, he loved learning and kept a
56:53:38long list of skills to try.
56:53:50>> Okay, questions time. Let's jump into
56:53:53it.
56:53:54Does he wish the days were longer?
56:54:05Yes.
56:54:07He wishes the days were longer.
56:54:12Before the baby, did he love learning
56:54:16or hate it?
56:54:23before the baby. He loved learning.
56:54:28What did he keep before the baby?
56:54:38He kept a long list of skills to try.
56:54:45>> Now story is calling us. Let's continue.
56:54:48>> The list is still there.
56:54:52The free time is not
56:54:57and he wishes he had more of it.
56:55:12A few months later, he wants to learn
56:55:15again.
56:55:17He looks for the fastest way to get
56:55:20good.
56:55:32Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and
56:55:34speak.
56:55:36>> Does he have lots of free time now?
56:55:47No.
56:55:49The free time is not there and he wishes
56:55:54he had more of it.
56:55:56Does he look for the fastest way
56:56:00or the slowest way?
56:56:08He looks for the fastest way to get
56:56:11good.
56:56:13What does he wish?
56:56:20He wishes he had more free time.
56:56:26>> Good job. Let's continue the story.
56:56:30>> 10,000
56:56:32hours.
56:56:35Everywhere he reads the same number.
56:56:39That is how long a skill takes. The
56:56:42articles say,
56:56:57he does the math.
56:57:00That is a full-time job for roughly 5
56:57:04years.
56:57:06Impossible with a baby at home.
56:57:23Awesome. Now it's speaking turn.
56:57:26>> Do the article say a skill takes
56:57:3110,000
56:57:33hours?
56:57:42Yes,
56:57:45that is how long a skill takes.
56:57:49The articles [gasps] say,
56:57:52is it a full-time job for roughly 5
56:57:56years
56:57:58or one year?
56:58:08It is a full-time job for roughly five
56:58:14years.
56:58:16Why is it impossible for him?
56:58:20[clears throat]
56:58:27It is impossible
56:58:30with a baby at home.
56:58:34Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's
56:58:37keep it up and jump into the story.
56:58:41>> You might think that is fair.
56:58:46At first, he thinks so, too,
56:58:50and wishes it were not true.
56:59:06Then he reads the original research
56:59:09carefully
56:59:11and notices something the popular
56:59:13articles leave out.
56:59:28That's amazing. Now you want to speak
56:59:30what you have read and listened.
56:59:33>> Does he wish it were not true?
56:59:44Yes.
56:59:46At first he thinks so too.
56:59:50and wishes it were not true.
56:59:54Does he read the original research
56:59:59or only the popular articles?
57:00:07He reads the original research
57:00:11carefully.
57:00:14What do the popular articles do?
57:00:23The popular articles leave out
57:00:26something.
57:00:29Here's odd. Now let's come to the next
57:00:31part.
57:00:32>> The original studies were about the very
57:00:36top of competitive fields like
57:00:39worldclass chess players and athletes.
57:00:55He does not need to be the best in a
57:00:57competitive field.
57:01:00only reasonably good quickly.
57:01:16Here's where you do the talking. Go
57:01:19ahead and talk and build me full
57:01:22sentences.
57:01:24Were the original studies about
57:01:27beginners?
57:01:36No,
57:01:38they were about the very top of
57:01:41competitive fields.
57:01:44Were the studies about chess players and
57:01:48athletes
57:01:50or about parents?
57:01:59They were about worldclass chess players
57:02:03and athletes.
57:02:06How good does he need to be?
57:02:16He only needs to be reasonably good
57:02:21quickly.
57:02:24See, English is already coming out of
57:02:26you. Now listen and let's continue.
57:02:31So his goal changes
57:02:35not how to become an expert
57:02:38but how to become good enough.
57:02:54The next months
57:02:56he studies how people learn fast and
57:03:01tests the ideas on himself.
57:03:16Now the floor is yours. Let's go.
57:03:20Does his goal
57:03:22change?
57:03:29Yes, his goal changes.
57:03:34Does he want to become an expert
57:03:38or good enough?
57:03:44He wants to become good enough.
57:03:49Who does he test the ideas on?
57:03:58He tests the ideas on himself.
57:04:03>> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the
57:04:06story.
57:04:08>> He sees that the first hours of practice
57:04:11bring the biggest jump from terrible to
57:04:14acceptable.
57:04:2520 hours.
57:04:28That is his estimate for getting there.
57:04:31Roughly 40 minutes a day for 1 month.
57:04:48Did that make sense? Now, let's check.
57:04:52Do the first hours bring the biggest
57:04:55jump?
57:05:03Yes. The first hours of practice bring
57:05:07the biggest jump.
57:05:10Is the jump from terrible to acceptable
57:05:14or from good to perfect?
57:05:23The jump is from terrible to acceptable.
57:05:28How many minutes a day is 20 hours?
57:05:40It is roughly
57:05:4240 minutes a day for one month.
57:05:47That [clears throat] was amazing. Now,
57:05:49let's continue and enjoy the story.
57:05:52>> 20 hours will not make you an expert.
57:05:57It makes you acceptable
57:06:00past the painful beginning where most
57:06:04people quit.
57:06:18He breaks each skill into small parts,
57:06:23practices the most important first and
57:06:26removes distractions.
57:06:42Okay, questions time.
57:06:46>> Will 20 hours make you an expert?
57:06:55No.
57:06:5720 hours will not make you an expert.
57:07:02Does it make you acceptable
57:07:04or perfect?
57:07:14It makes you acceptable
57:07:17past the painful beginning.
57:07:21What does he remove?
57:07:28He removes distractions.
57:07:33>> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen.
57:07:37>> Notice what made this possible.
57:07:41It was not extra time.
57:07:46The lack of time pushed him to learn
57:07:51smarter.
57:08:06Maybe you have a full-time job, a
57:08:09family, or long days at university.
57:08:13You wish you had more time.
57:08:29Now test yourself.
57:08:32>> Did extra time make this possible?
57:08:45No.
57:08:47The lack of time pushed him to learn
57:08:50smarter.
57:08:52Do you wish you had more time or less
57:08:57time?
57:09:03You wish you had more time.
57:09:08What kind of job might you have?
57:09:18Maybe you have a full-time job.
57:09:23>> Okay, now listening mode.
57:09:26>> English sits at the bottom of your list,
57:09:30waiting for free time that never comes.
57:09:46You are not training to be a worldclass
57:09:49athlete.
57:09:51You need a clear target and protected
57:09:55time.
57:10:10Okay, voice is up. Now, here comes the
57:10:14questions.
57:10:15>> Does free time for English ever come?
57:10:28No.
57:10:30English [clears throat] waits for free
57:10:32time that never comes.
57:10:37Do you need a clear target
57:10:41or more free time?
57:10:50You need a clear target and protected
57:10:55time.
57:10:57Where does English sit on your list?
57:11:05English sits at the bottom of your list.
57:11:11>> That's it. This is the last part of the
57:11:13story. Give it your best.
57:11:16>> Choose one small part of English like
57:11:20introducing yourself
57:11:22and leave out everything else for now.
57:11:37Give it 40 minutes today. Phone in
57:11:41another room.
57:11:44Aim to be reasonably good, not perfect.
57:12:02Think again about that tired father.
57:12:06His lack of time did not stop him.
57:12:11He used the time he had.
57:12:29One final question, bro. You've done the
57:12:31whole thing. Now, let's do the final
57:12:33one.
57:12:35>> Should you leave out everything else for
57:12:38now?
57:12:47Yes.
57:12:49Choose one small part of English and
57:12:54leave out everything else for now.
57:12:59Should you aim to be perfect
57:13:02or reasonably good?
57:13:10Aim to be reasonably good, not perfect.
57:13:16What did the tired father do?
57:13:27He used the time he had.
57:13:31His lack of time did not stop him.
57:13:42The grammar we practice today wish plus
57:13:46past simple. He wishes the days were
57:13:49longer.
57:13:52The free time is not and he wishes he
57:13:55had more of it.
57:13:58At first he thinks so too and wishes it
57:14:01were not true.
57:14:05You wish you had more time.
57:14:14>> Congratulations.
57:14:16You practiced 432
57:14:18words in this story and you learned a
57:14:21lot.
57:14:23>> That's another story in your pocket.
57:14:31And you know stories stick.
57:14:44Awesome.
57:14:47Atomic habit.
57:15:19I think that's
57:15:22okay.
57:15:42The quiet fridge.
57:15:44The quiet fridge from the book Atomic
57:15:48Habits by James Clear.
57:15:52Soda.
57:15:54Surroundings.
57:15:57Poster.
57:15:59Ban.
57:16:02Register.
57:16:04Basket.
57:16:06Thirsty.
57:16:08Sugar.
57:16:10Fridge.
57:16:13Takeaway.
57:16:16In a busy hospital cafeteria in Boston,
57:16:22the fridges by the cash registers held
57:16:25only one drink,
57:16:28soda,
57:16:43Dr. Anne Thorndike worked at this
57:16:47hospital,
57:16:48Massachusetts General,
57:16:51one of the most famous hospitals in
57:16:54America.
57:17:10That's amazing. I want you to listen to
57:17:13the questions and answer in sentences.
57:17:16Build full sentences, not just words.
57:17:19Okay, let's go.
57:17:22Did the fridges hold
57:17:25only soda?
57:17:35Yes.
57:17:36The fridges by the cash registers held
57:17:40only one drink, soda.
57:17:44Did Dr. Thorndike work at a hospital
57:17:50or a school?
57:17:57She worked at this hospital,
57:18:00Massachusetts General.
57:18:03Where were the fridges?
57:18:11The fridges were by the cash registers.
57:18:17>> Now, back to the story.
57:18:20>> Every day, thousands of doctors, nurses,
57:18:24and visitors ate there,
57:18:27and many thirsty people chose
57:18:30sugary soda.
57:18:46doctors spend years telling people to
57:18:49eat better.
57:18:51Yet in their own building, sweet drinks
57:18:55were often the easiest choice.
57:19:12Now test yourself.
57:19:14>> Did many thirsty people choose
57:19:18sugary soda?
57:19:28Yes,
57:19:30many thirsty people chose sugary soda.
57:19:36Were sweet drinks the easiest choice
57:19:40or the hardest choice?
57:19:48Sweet drinks were often the easiest
57:19:51choice.
57:19:53What do doctors spend years telling
57:19:56people?
57:20:04Doctors spend years telling people to
57:20:08eat better.
57:20:12>> Here's on. Now let's come to the next
57:20:13part
57:20:15>> that mattered.
57:20:18Too much sugar day after day can slowly
57:20:22harm a person's health.
57:20:36What would you do?
57:20:39Pause before you hear her answer.
57:20:51You could put up posters about sugar.
57:20:56You could give talks or make soda more
57:20:59expensive.
57:21:12Okay, let's pause for a second. Now I'm
57:21:14going to ask you questions. Now it's
57:21:16over to you to answer them.
57:21:19>> Can too much sugar harm a person's
57:21:23health?
57:21:32Yes.
57:21:34Too much sugar day after day can slowly
57:21:38harm a person's health.
57:21:41Could you put up posters
57:21:45or hide the fridges?
57:21:52You could put up posters about sugar.
57:21:56What could you do to the price of soda?
57:22:06You could make soda more expensive.
57:22:11See, English is already coming out of
57:22:14you. Now listen and let's continue.
57:22:18>> You could even ban soda completely.
57:22:24Each idea needs money, new rules, or a
57:22:29lot of arguing with people.
57:22:45Thornike and her team tried something
57:22:47much quieter than a poster.
57:22:52It was so small that most people never
57:22:56noticed.
57:23:11Spotlight now is on you. I want you to
57:23:13answer the questions by actually
57:23:16talking. Let's go.
57:23:18>> Could you ban soda
57:23:22completely?
57:23:30Yes,
57:23:32you could even ban soda completely.
57:23:37Did Thornyke's team try something loud
57:23:42or something quiet?
57:23:50They tried something much quieter than a
57:23:54poster.
57:23:56How many people noticed the change?
57:24:07It was so small that most people never
57:24:12noticed.
57:24:15>> Good job. Let's continue the story.
57:24:18>> They did not touch the soda.
57:24:22Bottled water was simply added
57:24:26to every fridge by the cash registers.
57:24:44Baskets of bottled water were also
57:24:47placed next to the food stations around
57:24:50the room.
57:25:01>> Okay, questions time. Let's jump into
57:25:03it.
57:25:05>> Was the soda taken away?
57:25:15No,
57:25:17they did not touch the soda.
57:25:21Was bottled water added or was the soda
57:25:27removed?
57:25:35Bottled water was simply added to every
57:25:39fridge by the cash registers.
57:25:43Where were the baskets of water placed?
57:25:54Baskets of bottled water were placed
57:25:57next to the food stations.
57:26:00Awesome.
57:26:02Great job. Let's keep up the story.
57:26:05>> Nobody was told about the change.
57:26:11Nobody's choices were taken away.
57:26:16The soda was still there.
57:26:24People
57:26:32walked in thirsty and reached for the
57:26:36nearest drink in a fridge or a basket.
57:26:51A quick check before we move on. I want
57:26:53you to answer these questions.
57:26:56>> Was anybody told about the change?
57:27:07No.
57:27:09Nobody was told about the change.
57:27:14Were people's choices taken away
57:27:18or was the soda still there?
57:27:29Nobody's choices were taken away.
57:27:34The soda was still there.
57:27:38What did thirsty people reach for?
57:27:48They reached for the nearest drink in a
57:27:52fridge or a basket.
57:27:55>> Great answers. Let's see what happens
57:27:58now. Over the next 3 months, the team
57:28:03counted what people actually bought.
57:28:14Soda sales fell by about 11%.
57:28:19Sales of bottled water rose by almost
57:28:2326%.
57:28:39Let's turn those ears into voice.
57:28:43>> Did the team count what people bought?
57:28:55Yes. Over
57:28:58the next three months,
57:29:01the team counted what people actually
57:29:04bought.
57:29:06Did soda sales fall
57:29:10or rise?
57:29:18Soda sales fell by about 11%.
57:29:24How much did sales of bottled water
57:29:28rise?
57:29:38Sales of bottled water rose by almost
57:29:4226%.
57:29:47>> All right, let's see if you've guessed
57:29:48it right. Let's go to the next part of
57:29:50the story.
57:29:52Nobody had changed their mind about
57:29:54sugar.
57:29:57The room had simply changed what their
57:30:01hands reached for.
57:30:17James Clear shares this quiet experiment
57:30:20in his book Atomic Habits as proof of a
57:30:24simple idea.
57:30:38Here's where you do the talking. Go
57:30:41ahead and talk and build me full
57:30:43sentences.
57:30:45>> Did people change their mind about
57:30:48sugar?
57:30:56No.
57:30:57Nobody had changed their mind about
57:31:00sugar.
57:31:02Did the room change their hands
57:31:06or their minds?
57:31:15The room had simply changed what their
57:31:18hands reached for.
57:31:21Who shares this quiet experiment?
57:31:31James Clear shares it in his book,
57:31:35Atomic Habits.
57:31:39>> Great job. Now, back to the story.
57:31:42>> We usually think a habit is a battle of
57:31:45willpower.
57:31:48Often, it is only a question of what is
57:31:52nearest.
57:32:06Change the room
57:32:09and the habit follows.
57:32:13Your surroundings make many of your
57:32:16choices
57:32:18before you do.
57:32:33every sentence.
57:32:35Speak it out loud. Okay, let's go.
57:32:39>> Is a habit always a battle of willpower?
57:32:51No. Often
57:32:53it is only a question of what is
57:32:57nearest.
57:32:59Do your surroundings make your choices
57:33:03before you or after you.
57:33:14Your surroundings make many of your
57:33:17choices before you do.
57:33:21What follows when you change the room?
57:33:33Change the room and the habit follows.
57:33:40>> Okay. Now listening mode.
57:33:43>> So use the same trick on your own
57:33:45surroundings.
57:33:49First decide which English action you
57:33:53want to happen more often.
57:34:09Then make it the nearest choice
57:34:14tonight. Put your English book on your
57:34:17pillow where your phone usually lies.
57:34:36No pressure. Um, honestly, a little bit
57:34:39pressure. I want you to answer the
57:34:41questions in full sentences.
57:34:45Should you use the same trick on your
57:34:49own surroundings?
57:34:58Yes.
57:35:00Use the same trick on your own
57:35:02surroundings.
57:35:05Do you put your English book on your
57:35:08pillow
57:35:10or in a drawer?
57:35:19Put your English book on your pillow
57:35:24where your phone usually lies.
57:35:29What should you decide first?
57:35:40First, decide which English action you
57:35:44want to happen more often.
57:35:48>> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's
57:35:52keep it up and jump into the story.
57:35:55>> When you go to bed, the book is in your
57:35:59hand before the phone is.
57:36:12Leave the phone charging across the room
57:36:15so it takes a few steps to reach.
57:36:27>> Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to
57:36:29answer the questions?
57:36:32Is the phone in your hand first?
57:36:44No.
57:36:46The book is in your hand before the
57:36:48phone is.
57:36:51Is the phone charging next to the bed or
57:36:55across the room?
57:37:03Leave the phone charging across the
57:37:06room.
57:37:08Why leave the phone across the room?
57:37:16It takes a few steps to reach.
57:37:20Now, this is the time for the ending of
57:37:22the story. And here's the important the
57:37:25most important part basically. Let's
57:37:27continue.
57:37:28You have not banned anything.
57:37:33Nothing is taken away.
57:37:36Only the nearest choice is changed.
57:37:54You are not fighting yourself.
57:37:58You are only putting the water next to
57:38:02the cash register.
57:38:16Last questions. Finish the story with
57:38:20the best answers possible.
57:38:23Is anything taken away?
57:38:35No, nothing is taken away.
57:38:39Only the nearest choice is changed.
57:38:45Is the nearest choice changed
57:38:48or banned?
57:38:51>> [clears throat]
57:38:55>> Only the nearest choice is changed.
57:39:00Where are you putting the water?
57:39:10You are only putting the water next to
57:39:14the cash register.
57:39:23The grammar we practice today passive
57:39:27present and past simple. Bottled water
57:39:30was simply added to every fridge by the
57:39:33cash registers.
57:39:36Baskets of bottled water were also
57:39:38placed next to the food stations around
57:39:41the room.
57:39:44Nobody was told about the change.
57:39:49Nobody's choices were taken away.
57:39:59Congratulations.
57:40:00You practiced 416 words in this story
57:40:04and you learned a lot.
57:40:08Finished. That's amazing.
57:40:17which is great.
57:40:28So that's amazing.
57:40:38Deliberate practice.
57:40:50Yeah, the more you practice, the better
57:40:52you're going to get. Let's jump into the
57:40:54next story, The Map Inside.
57:40:57>> The map inside
57:40:59from the book Peak by Anders Ericson and
57:41:03Robert P.
57:41:06Root.
57:41:08Scan.
57:41:10Adapt.
57:41:13Experienced.
57:41:15Area.
57:41:18Birth.
57:41:20Central
57:41:22by heart.
57:41:24Trainee.
57:41:27Taxi.
57:41:30Look at this map of central London.
57:41:34Thousands of small streets twist and
57:41:38cross like lines on your hand.
57:41:54To drive a London black taxi, you must
57:41:57know them all by heart
57:42:01with no map.
57:42:14No one word answer. I don't want you to
57:42:16give me like ah small answers. I want
57:42:17you to give me full sentences aloud and
57:42:20when you're going to hear and listen to
57:42:22the sentence, repeat it yourself. Okay,
57:42:25let's go.
57:42:27>> Is this a map of central London?
57:42:37Yes,
57:42:39it is a map of central London.
57:42:44Must taxi drivers [sighs]
57:42:46use a map or know the streets by heart.
57:43:00They must know them all by heart
57:43:05with no map.
57:43:07What do the small streets look like?
57:43:19They twist and cross like lines on your
57:43:23hand.
57:43:26>> Here's odd. Now let's come to the next
57:43:28part.
57:43:29The test is called the knowledge.
57:43:34Trainees learn about 25,000
57:43:38streets and most need three or four
57:43:41years.
57:43:55They ride small motorbikes around
57:43:58central London in all weather until they
57:44:01see each route in their minds.
57:44:16>> Now the floor is yours. Let's go.
57:44:20Do trainees learn about 25,000
57:44:26streets?
57:44:35Yes.
57:44:36Trainees learn about 25,000
57:44:41streets.
57:44:43Do they ride motorbikes or bicycles?
57:44:54They ride small motorbikes around
57:44:58central London.
57:45:01What do they see in their minds?
57:45:11They see each root in their minds.
57:45:17Good job. Let's continue the story.
57:45:20>> It is so hard that many give up.
57:45:25Only about half of the people who start
57:45:28finally pass.
57:45:42A scientist in London became curious
57:45:45about these drivers.
57:45:48Her name was Elellanena Maguire.
57:46:03That's amazing. Now you want to speak.
57:46:05what you have read and listened.
57:46:08>> Do most people pass?
57:46:19No.
57:46:22Only about half of the people who start
57:46:25finally pass.
57:46:28Was Elellanena Maguire [sighs and gasps]
57:46:31a scientist
57:46:33or a taxi driver?
57:46:41Elellanena Maguire was a scientist in
57:46:45London.
57:46:47Who was the scientist curious about?
57:46:58She was curious about these taxi drivers
57:47:05>> now. Story's calling us. Let's continue.
57:47:09>> Her question was simple.
57:47:13Could a person's brain be changed by
57:47:17years of this hard memory work?
57:47:34The obvious answer is no.
57:47:38Many of us learned that the adult brain
57:47:41is fixed like a finished building.
57:47:57every sentence.
57:47:59Speak it out loud. Okay, let's go.
57:48:03>> Is the obvious answer
57:48:06no?
57:48:08[clears throat]
57:48:13>> Yes.
57:48:15The obvious answer is no.
57:48:19Is the adult brain like a finished
57:48:23building
57:48:25or a growing tree?
57:48:35Many of us learn that the adult brain is
57:48:38fixed like a finished building.
57:48:43What was Maguire's question? Her
57:48:55question was,
57:48:57could a person's brain be changed
57:49:01by years of hard memory work?
57:49:07>> Great job. Now, back to the story.
57:49:10>> It can be filled with facts, but its
57:49:13shape cannot be changed.
57:49:24Maguire's team was not sure about that
57:49:27answer.
57:49:30First, they scanned the brains of
57:49:33experienced taxi drivers.
57:49:40Awesome.
57:49:49Now it's speaking turn.
57:49:52>> In the old belief, can the brain's shape
57:49:57be changed?
57:50:06No,
57:50:09it can be filled with facts, but its
57:50:12shape cannot be changed.
57:50:16Did they first scan new drivers or
57:50:20experienced drivers?
57:50:30First, they scan the brains of
57:50:33experienced taxi drivers.
57:50:37What can the brain be filled with?
57:50:45It can be filled with facts.
57:50:50Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's
57:50:53keep it up and jump into the story.
57:50:57They looked at the hippocampus,
57:51:00an area of the brain which helps us
57:51:03remember places and roots.
57:51:15In experienced drivers, the back of the
57:51:18hippocampus was larger than in other
57:51:22people.
57:51:34speaking time. I don't want you to
57:51:35overthink it. Just open your mouth and
57:51:38just talk whatever you remember from the
57:51:40story.
57:51:42>> Is the hippocampus an area of the brain?
57:51:55Yes,
57:51:57it is an area of the brain which helps
57:52:00us remember places and roots.
57:52:04Inexperienced drivers, was the back of
57:52:07the hippocampus
57:52:09larger or smaller?
57:52:20In experienced drivers, it was larger
57:52:24than in other people.
57:52:27What does the hippocampus help us
57:52:30remember?
57:52:37It helps us remember places and roots.
57:52:43>> Okay. Now, listening mode.
57:52:46>> Interesting.
57:52:48But it did not solve the puzzle.
57:52:52Maybe people with bigger memory areas
57:52:55from birth simply chose taxi work.
57:53:13So the team did something patient.
57:53:17They followed a group of new trainees
57:53:20for about 4 years.
57:53:36Here's where you do the talking. Go
57:53:39ahead and talk and build me full
57:53:41sentences.
57:53:43Did the first finding
57:53:46solve the puzzle?
57:53:54No,
57:53:56it did not solve the puzzle.
57:54:00Did they follow the trainees for 4 years
57:54:05or 4 months?
57:54:15They followed a group of new trainees
57:54:18for about 4 years.
57:54:23What did some people maybe have
57:54:27from birth?
57:54:35Maybe people had bigger memory areas
57:54:39from birth.
57:54:42>> Now relax your voice and let's continue
57:54:45listening.
57:54:47>> At the start, the trainees brains looked
57:54:50like everyone else's.
57:54:52There was no special difference.
57:55:04Some of them passed the knowledge,
57:55:08others failed or quit along the way.
57:55:21Then the scientists scanned them all
57:55:24again.
57:55:26This time they found the missing clue.
57:55:43>> Okay, voice is up. Now here comes the
57:55:46questions.
57:55:48>> At the start, did the trainee brains
57:55:52look special?
57:56:02No.
57:56:03At the start, the trainees brains looked
57:56:06like everyone else's.
57:56:10Did all of them pass
57:56:13or did some fail?
57:56:24Some of them passed the knowledge,
57:56:28others failed or quit along the way.
57:56:34What did the scientists do then?
57:56:43Then the scientists scanned them all
57:56:46again.
57:56:49>> Great answers. Let's see what happens
57:56:51now.
57:56:53In those who had passed, the back of the
57:56:57hippocampus had grown.
57:57:01In the others, it had not changed.
57:57:17It was not luck or birth.
57:57:22Years of daily training had pushed the
57:57:25brain to change.
57:57:40No pressure. Um, honestly, a little bit
57:57:43pressure. I want you to answer the
57:57:46questions in full sentences. Had the
57:57:49hippocampus
57:57:51grown in those who passed?
57:58:02Yes.
57:58:04In those who had passed, the back of the
57:58:07hippocampus had grown.
57:58:11Was it luck or years of daily training?
57:58:24It was not luck or birth.
57:58:28Years of daily training had pushed the
57:58:32brain to change.
57:58:35What happened in the others?
57:58:43In the others,
57:58:45it had not changed.
57:58:50>> That was amazing. Now, let's continue
57:58:52and enjoy the story.
57:58:54>> Your brain is not a finished building.
57:59:00It can be reshaped
57:59:03when you train it hard and long enough.
57:59:19Anders Ericson and Robert P call it
57:59:23proof in their book Peak that adult
57:59:27brains can still adapt.
57:59:43Let's turn those ears into voice.
57:59:47>> Can your brain be
57:59:51reshaped?
58:00:00Yes,
58:00:02it can be reshaped
58:00:06when you train it hard long enough.
58:00:10Can adult brains still adapt
58:00:16or are they finished?
58:00:24Adult brains can still adapt.
58:00:29Who calls it proof in the book peak
58:00:41and Ericson and Robert Pooh call it
58:00:45proof in their book peak.
58:00:50>> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen.
58:00:54>> When a new work skill feels slow,
58:00:58remember that your brain needs time to
58:01:01adapt.
58:01:11Now, look at the map again.
58:01:15Every street those drivers learned has
58:01:18been stored inside their heads.
58:01:36>> Awesome. Quiz time. Let's jump into it.
58:01:40Has every street been stored inside the
58:01:44driver's heads?
58:01:54Yes.
58:01:56Every street those drivers learned has
58:01:59been stored inside their heads.
58:02:03Does your brain need time to adapt
58:02:08or does it change at once?
58:02:16Your brain needs time to adapt.
58:02:20When should you remember this
58:02:31when a new work skill feels slow?
58:02:36Remember that your brain needs time to
58:02:39adapt.
58:02:42>> Now, this is the time for the ending of
58:02:44the story. And here's the important the
58:02:46most important part basically. Let's
58:02:48continue.
58:02:50Every new word, method, or routine you
58:02:53practice again is a small street on your
58:02:57own map.
58:03:08Keep driving those streets until you
58:03:11know them by heart.
58:03:15One day you will reach new places in
58:03:19your work without a map.
58:03:36Last questions. Finish the story with
58:03:40the best answers possible.
58:03:43Is every new word a small street on your
58:03:48map?
58:03:57Yes.
58:03:59Every new word you practice again is a
58:04:03small street on your own map.
58:04:07Should you stop or keep driving those
58:04:11streets?
58:04:18Keep driving those streets until you
58:04:22know them by heart.
58:04:25Where will you reach new places one day?
58:04:37One day you will reach new places in
58:04:40your work.
58:04:43without a map.
58:04:52The grammar we practice today, passive,
58:04:55perfect, and modal. Could a person's
58:04:59brain be changed by years of this hard
58:05:02memory work?
58:05:06It can be filled with facts, but its
58:05:08shape cannot be changed.
58:05:13It can be reshaped when you train it
58:05:15hard and long enough.
58:05:20Every street those drivers learned has
58:05:22been stored inside their heads.
58:05:32Congratulations.
58:05:33You practiced 424
58:05:36words in this story and you learned a
58:05:39lot.
58:05:42Great job.
58:05:54That's amazing.
58:06:02And that's such an amazing thing. So,
58:06:05let me stop you here for a second.
58:06:11people who have
58:06:43Instagram. Stagram.
58:07:08forch.
58:07:37fordul.
58:07:54It was such a wonderful experience. I'm
58:07:57very grateful to be a part of your
58:07:58course and advise everyone to take part
58:08:01in your course in order to achieve their
58:08:03goals. Uh, and thank you so much for a
58:08:05great effort and inspiring team.
58:08:08Awesome.
58:08:30But it's something amazing. It's
58:08:32something totally crazy.
58:08:58fine. Let's go.
58:09:01The servers at midnight.
58:09:04The servers at midnight from the book
58:09:08Elon Musk by Walter Isaxson.
58:09:12Repair
58:09:14Cable
58:09:16damage.
58:09:18Rush.
58:09:21Undo.
58:09:23Row.
58:09:25Normally,
58:09:27cousin
58:09:29panel
58:09:31knife.
58:09:34Many months.
58:09:37That is how long his team says it will
58:09:42take to move Twitter's servers out of
58:09:46Sacramento.
58:10:01It is 2 days before Christmas.
58:10:04Elon Musk is on his private plane with
58:10:08two young cousins.
58:10:23Now, we're going to hear a question. I
58:10:25want you to answer it loudly in full
58:10:29sentences. Okay, let's go.
58:10:33Does his team say the move will take
58:10:37many months?
58:10:46Yes.
58:10:49His team says it will take many months
58:10:55to move the servers.
58:10:58Is it 2 days before Christmas
58:11:02or 2 days after it?
58:11:09It is 2 days before Christmas.
58:11:13Who is on the private plane with Musk?
58:11:23Two young cousins are on the private
58:11:26plane with him.
58:11:29>> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's
58:11:32keep it up and jump into the story.
58:11:36>> He has owned Twitter for only a few
58:11:39weeks and he wants to cut its costs
58:11:43fast.
58:11:54One large cost is the data center in
58:11:58Sacramento,
58:12:00a building full of powerful computers
58:12:03called servers.
58:12:20All right, time to prove your focusing.
58:12:23Let's jump into it.
58:12:25>> Has Musk owned Twitter for many years?
58:12:36No,
58:12:38he has owned Twitter for only a few
58:12:41weeks.
58:12:43Does he want to cut its costs fast
58:12:47or slowly?
58:12:54He wants to cut its costs fast.
58:12:58What is the data center in Sacramento
58:13:02full of?
58:13:10It is full of powerful computers called
58:13:14servers.
58:13:17>> See, English is already coming out of
58:13:19you. Now listen and let's continue.
58:13:23>> He does not accept the team's estimate.
58:13:28He has his plane redirected to
58:13:31Sacramento.
58:13:33[clears throat]
58:13:44That night, the men walk into the huge
58:13:48building.
58:13:50Long rows of machines stand in the cold
58:13:54air.
58:14:09Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to
58:14:11answer the questions?
58:14:13>> Does Musk accept the team's estimate?
58:14:24>> No.
58:14:26He does not account the team's estimate.
58:14:30Does he have his plane redirected to
58:14:34Sacramento
58:14:36or to another city?
58:14:44He has his plane redirected to
58:14:48Sacramento.
58:14:50What stands in long rows in the cold
58:14:54air?
58:15:02Long rows of machines stand in the cold
58:15:06air.
58:15:08That was amazing. Now, let's continue
58:15:11and enjoy the story.
58:15:13>> The servers sit on a raised floor.
58:15:17To reach the cables, someone has to lift
58:15:21heavy floor panels.
58:15:35They lack the right tools. His cousin
58:15:39James takes out a pocketk knife
58:15:44and uses it to open [gasps] a panel.
58:16:00Now the table's turn. I'm going to ask
58:16:03you questions. You're going to do the
58:16:05talking. Let's go.
58:16:07Do the servers sit on a raised floor?
58:16:18Yes.
58:16:20The servers sit on a raised floor.
58:16:25To reach the cables, do they lift floor
58:16:29panels or break the walls?
58:16:41To reach the cables,
58:16:43someone has to lift heavy floor panels.
58:16:48What does his cousin James use to open a
58:16:52panel?
58:17:00He uses a pocket knife to open a panel.
58:17:07>> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the
58:17:09story.
58:17:11>> The staff watch the knife
58:17:15and worry. Why do we help?
58:17:18>> Normally, this job needs trained movers
58:17:21and plans.
58:17:36Musk does not care how things are
58:17:39normally done.
58:17:41He has friends and staff call in to
58:17:45help.
58:17:58Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and
58:18:00speak.
58:18:02Normally, does this job need trained
58:18:06movers and plans?
58:18:16Yes.
58:18:18Normally this job needs trained movers
58:18:22and plans.
58:18:25Does Musk have friends and staff called
58:18:28in or does he wait for movers?
58:18:38He has friends and staff called in to
58:18:42help.
58:18:44What do the staff watch?
58:18:52The staff watch the knife and they
58:18:56worry.
58:18:58>> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep
58:19:01moving.
58:19:03>> He has trucks rented.
58:19:08He has the cables unplugged
58:19:11and the servers lifted out in a rush.
58:19:15Over
58:19:29that night and the next days, hundreds
58:19:32of machines leave their rows on trucks.
58:19:46No pressure. Um, honestly, a little bit
58:19:49pressure. I want you to answer the
58:19:51questions in full sentences.
58:19:55>> Does Musk have trucks rented?
58:20:04>> Yes, he has trucks rented.
58:20:09Does he have the servers lifted out
58:20:12slowly
58:20:14or in a rush?
58:20:23He has the cables unplugged
58:20:27and the servers lifted out in a rush.
58:20:32How many machines leave their rows on
58:20:36trucks?
58:20:43Hundreds of machines leave their rows on
58:20:47trucks.
58:20:50>> Great job. Now, back to the story.
58:20:53>> A job planned for months moves forward
58:20:57in days.
58:21:00It looks like a perfect story about
58:21:03speed.
58:21:17You might say this is exactly what
58:21:19ambitious people should do. Stop
58:21:22planning and start moving.
58:21:37That's amazing. Now you want to speak
58:21:40what you have read and listened.
58:21:43>> Does the job take many months?
58:21:55No.
58:21:57A job planned for months moves forward
58:22:02in days.
58:22:05Does it look like a story about speed
58:22:10or a story about luck?
58:22:18It looks like a perfect story about
58:22:22speed.
58:22:25What might you say ambitious people
58:22:29should do?
58:22:38You might say they should stop planning
58:22:42and start moving.
58:22:46>> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen.
58:22:50Wait,
58:22:53the story has a second half and it is
58:22:57less exciting.
58:23:09Later, parts of Twitter's service failed
58:23:12at times and the company faced problems.
58:23:17Awesome.
58:23:27Now it's speaking turn.
58:23:29Does the story have a second half?
58:23:42Yes.
58:23:43The story has a second half and it is
58:23:47less exciting.
58:23:50Is the second half more exciting
58:23:55or less exciting.
58:24:02The second half is less exciting.
58:24:07What failed at times later,
58:24:18parts of Twitter's service failed at
58:24:21times.
58:24:24>> Okay, now listening mode.
58:24:27>> Isacson reports that the rushed move
58:24:31caused problems that lasted for months.
58:24:44For weeks, Twitter had to have the
58:24:47damage repaired by engineers who were
58:24:50not there that night.
58:25:02Awesome. Quest time. Let's jump into it.
58:25:07>> Did the rushed move cause problems?
58:25:19Yes,
58:25:20the rushed move caused problems that
58:25:24lasted for months.
58:25:27Did the problems last for days
58:25:31or for months?
58:25:38The problems lasted for months.
58:25:43What did Twitter have to have repaired?
58:25:53For weeks, Twitter had to have the
58:25:57damage repaired.
58:26:00>> Here's on. Now, let's come to the next
58:26:02part.
58:26:04So, was the night a success
58:26:07or a mistake?
58:26:11Honestly,
58:26:12it was both.
58:26:26Speed saved money and broke a slow
58:26:29habit.
58:26:31It also did damage that other people had
58:26:34to repair.
58:26:48>> Speaking time. Try answering with words
58:26:52you just heard. Go ahead.
58:26:55>> Was the night only a success?
58:27:06No,
58:27:08it was both a success
58:27:12and a mistake.
58:27:15Did speed save money
58:27:19or waste money?
58:27:28Speed saved money and broke a slow
58:27:33habit.
58:27:35Who had to repair the damage?
58:27:43Other people had to repair the damage.
58:27:48Now relax your voice and let's continue
58:27:50listening.
58:27:52>> Speed wins,
58:27:55but speed is never free.
58:27:59The price usually comes later
58:28:02and someone has to pay it
58:28:18for you. Speed matters too.
58:28:24The student who starts today beats the
58:28:28student who plans forever.
58:28:44>> Great speaking time. Now let's jump into
58:28:48the speaking time.
58:28:51Is speed free?
58:29:01No.
58:29:03Speed wins,
58:29:06but speed is never free.
58:29:10Does the price come first
58:29:13or later?
58:29:19The price usually comes later.
58:29:24Which student beats the other?
58:29:34The student who starts today beats the
58:29:37student who plans forever.
58:29:42>> All right, let's see if you've guessed
58:29:44it right. Let's go to the next part of
58:29:45the story.
58:29:47>> Still, a fast start is not a careless
58:29:51one.
58:29:54>> Before you rush,
58:29:56ask what could break.
58:30:12In English, that means starting your
58:30:15exam preparation tonight
58:30:18and checking the test date and rules
58:30:22carefully. Hey.
58:30:36>> Okay, voice is up. Now, here comes the
58:30:40questions.
58:30:42>> Is a fast start a careless one?
58:30:53No,
58:30:55a fast start is not a careless one.
58:31:00Before you rush,
58:31:02should you ask what could break
58:31:06or just go?
58:31:15Before you rush,
58:31:18you should ask what could break.
58:31:22When should you start your exam
58:31:24preparation?
58:31:32You should start your exam preparation
58:31:36tonight.
58:31:38>> Now, this is the final part. I want you
58:31:40to focus and jump into it.
58:31:43A bad practice essay is easy to repair.
58:31:49A missed exam deadline is much harder to
58:31:53undo.
58:32:07Keep this oneline rule. Be fast with
58:32:11what you can repair
58:32:14and careful with what you cannot undo.
58:32:33All right, final questions. I want you
58:32:36to answer full sentences and let's go.
58:32:40Is a bad practice essay
58:32:44easy to repair?
58:32:54Yes,
58:32:55a bad practice essay is easy to repair.
58:33:01Is a missed exam deadline easy
58:33:06or hard to undo.
58:33:17A missed exam deadline is much harder to
58:33:22undo.
58:33:24What should you be careful with?
58:33:33Be careful
58:33:35with what you cannot undo.
58:33:45The grammar we practice today have
58:33:48something done. He has his plane
58:33:51redirected to Sacramento.
58:33:56He has friends and staff called in to
58:33:58help.
58:34:01He has trucks rented.
58:34:06He has the cables unplugged and the
58:34:09servers lifted out in a rush.
58:34:18Congratulations.
58:34:20You practiced 426
58:34:24words in this story and you learned a
58:34:27lot.
58:34:29>> Awesome. Wonderful. Beautiful.
58:34:49That's That's super great.
58:34:52Outliers.
58:35:06The polite words.
58:35:09Polite words from the book outliers by
58:35:13Malcolm Gladwell.
58:35:15Warn
58:35:18hint
58:35:20junior
58:35:22direct
58:35:24culture
58:35:27neutral
58:35:29cockpit
58:35:31senior
58:35:33speak up.
58:35:36agreement.
58:35:39Look at this puzzle.
58:35:42In the 1990s,
58:35:44one airline was losing planes far more
58:35:48often than others.
58:36:03It was Korean Air,
58:36:06the national airline of South Korea,
58:36:10and its crashes kept coming.
58:36:26Now, we're going to hear a question. I
58:36:28want you to answer it loudly in full
58:36:32sentences. Okay, let's go.
58:36:36Was one airline losing planes
58:36:40more often than others?
58:36:50Yes.
58:36:53One airline was losing planes far more
58:36:57often than others.
58:37:00Was it Korean Air or an American
58:37:05airline?
58:37:14It was Korean Air,
58:37:17the national airline of South Korea.
58:37:21What kept coming?
58:37:27Its crashes kept coming.
58:37:32>> Now back to the story.
58:37:36>> For years, its accident rate was about
58:37:4017 times higher than a major American
58:37:44airlines.
58:37:57partner airlines ended their agreement
58:38:01and even the country's president chose
58:38:05another airline.
58:38:18Now test yourself.
58:38:21>> Was its accident rate lower than an
58:38:24American airlines?
58:38:33No,
58:38:35it was about 17 times higher.
58:38:40Did partner airlines sign agreements or
58:38:45end their agreements?
58:38:52Partner airlines ended their agreements
58:38:55with it.
58:38:57What did the country's president do?
58:39:07>> Even the country's president chose
58:39:10another airline.
58:39:14>> Great answers. Let's see what happens
58:39:16now.
58:39:18>> Play detective for a second.
58:39:22What would you guess is wrong?
58:39:26Old planes,
58:39:28bad weather,
58:39:31weak pilots.
58:39:47No,
58:39:50its planes were modern and its pilots
58:39:53were well trained.
58:40:08Now the floor is yours. Let's go.
58:40:11>> Were its planes old?
58:40:19No, its planes were modern.
58:40:23Were its pilots weak or well-trained?
58:40:34Its pilots were welltrained.
58:40:40What does the story ask you to play?
58:40:47You play detective for a second.
58:40:52All right, let's see if you've guessed
58:40:54it right. Let's go to the next part of
58:40:56the story.
58:40:57>> In 1997,
58:41:00one of its jumbo jets was flying to
58:41:03Guam, a Pacific island at night.
58:41:18It was raining. The captain was
58:41:22exhausted
58:41:23and a key landing system was not
58:41:27working.
58:41:40Okay, voice is up. Now, here comes the
58:41:43questions.
58:41:45Was the jumbo jet flying to Guam
58:41:50at night?
58:41:59Yes,
58:42:01it was flying to Guam, a Pacific island
58:42:05at night.
58:42:08Was the captain rested
58:42:11or exhausted?
58:42:20The captain was exhausted.
58:42:24What was not working?
58:42:32A key landing system was not working.
58:42:37>> Okay, now listening mode.
58:42:41The co-pilot and the flight engineer
58:42:43could see the danger. They tried to warn
58:42:48the captain.
58:42:59Listen to the engineer.
58:43:02He said, "Captain, the weather radar has
58:43:07helped us a lot."
58:43:20Speaking time, I don't want you to
58:43:22overthink it. Just open your mouth and
58:43:25just talk whatever you remember from the
58:43:27story.
58:43:29Could the co-pilot and the engineer see
58:43:33the danger?
58:43:40Yes,
58:43:41they could see the danger.
58:43:45Did they try to warn the captain or stay
58:43:49quiet?
58:43:54They tried to warn the captain.
58:43:59What did the engineer say?
58:44:07He said that the weather radar had
58:44:10helped them a lot.
58:44:13>> Great job. Now, back to the story.
58:44:16>> It sounds friendly.
58:44:20Really? He was telling the captain that
58:44:23this was no night to land by sight.
58:44:39It was a warning
58:44:42wrapped in polite words.
58:44:46The captain did not hear it and the
58:44:49plane flew into a hill.
58:45:07>> Awesome. Now it's speaking turn.
58:45:10>> Was the engineer's comment only
58:45:13friendly?
58:45:22No,
58:45:23it was a warning
58:45:26wrapped in polite words.
58:45:29Was it a good night or no night to land
58:45:33by sight?
58:45:41He was telling the captain that this was
58:45:44no night to land by sight.
58:45:48What did the plane fly into?
58:45:55The plane flew into a hill.
58:46:01>> Now stories calling us. Let's continue.
58:46:05Investigators later said that the
58:46:07captain had made serious errors and that
58:46:12the crew had not challenged him.
58:46:27Experts who studied the recording said
58:46:30that in that culture,
58:46:33juniors spoke to seniors with great
58:46:36respect.
58:46:51>> Let's hear you. Now it's your turn to
58:46:53speak.
58:46:54Did investigators say that the crew
58:46:59had challenged the captain?
58:47:08No,
58:47:10they said that the crew had not
58:47:12challenged him.
58:47:16In that culture, did juniors speak to
58:47:19seniors with respect
58:47:23or with anger?
58:47:33Experts said that in that culture,
58:47:36juniors spoke to seniors with great
58:47:40respect.
58:47:42What did investigators say about the
58:47:46captain?
58:47:53They said that the captain had made
58:47:56serious errors.
58:47:59>> Nice one. Let's continue.
58:48:03Junior pilots hinted at problems instead
58:48:07of stating them directly.
58:48:11In a cockpit, a hint can be deadly.
58:48:28In 2000, the airline hired David
58:48:32Greenberg from Delta Airlines to run its
58:48:35flight operations.
58:48:48>> Okay, questions time. Let's jump into
58:48:51it.
58:48:52Did junior pilots state problems
58:48:56directly?
58:49:05No.
58:49:07Junior pilots hinted at problems instead
58:49:11of stating them directly.
58:49:14In a cockpit, can a hint be helpful
58:49:20or deadly?
58:49:27In a cockpit, a hint can be deadly.
58:49:33Who did the airline hire in 2000?
58:49:44The airline hired David Greenberg from
58:49:48Delta Airlines.
58:49:51>> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep
58:49:54moving.
58:49:56>> He did not fire the pilots.
58:49:59He decided they needed a new language
58:50:02for their work.
58:50:13He told the crews that English would be
58:50:17the official language of the cockpit.
58:50:30No pressure. Um, honestly, a little bit
58:50:33pressure. I want you to answer the
58:50:35questions in full sentences.
58:50:39>> Did Greenberg fire the pilots?
58:50:47>> No, he did not fire the pilots.
58:50:51Would the cockpit language be Korean
58:50:55or English?
58:51:04He told the crews that English would be
58:51:07the official language of the cockpit.
58:51:11What did he decide the pilots needed?
58:51:22He decided they needed a new language
58:51:26for their work.
58:51:29Good job. Let's continue the story.
58:51:33>> Crews were retrained to speak up
58:51:35clearly, even to a senior captain.
58:51:48Their culture stayed.
58:51:51English simply gave them a neutral way
58:51:54to speak without the old layers of rank.
58:52:11>> Did that make sense? Now, let's check.
58:52:14>> Were crews retrained
58:52:17to speak up clearly?
58:52:28Yes,
58:52:30crews were retrained to speak up
58:52:33clearly,
58:52:35even to a senior captain.
58:52:40Did their culture stay
58:52:43or disappear?
58:52:48Their culture
58:52:50stayed.
58:52:53What kind of way to speak did English
58:52:56give them?
58:53:06English gave them a neutral way to speak
58:53:09without the old layers of rank.
58:53:14>> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen.
58:53:18>> Korean Air became one of the safest
58:53:21airlines in the world
58:53:24and partners signed new agreements.
58:53:38So, the answer to the puzzle
58:53:42was never the planes.
58:53:46It was how people talked.
58:54:04>> Awesome. Quiz time. Let's jump into it.
58:54:08>> Did Korean Air become one of the safest
58:54:11airlines?
58:54:20Yes, it became one of the safest
58:54:24airlines in the world.
58:54:27Did partners sign new agreements or stay
58:54:31away?
58:54:38Partners sign new agreements.
58:54:42What was the answer to the puzzle?
58:54:53It was never the planes.
58:54:57It was how people talked.
58:55:02>> Here's on. Now, let's come to the next
58:55:04part.
58:55:05Clear direct English can save lives
58:55:11and many smaller things too.
58:55:23Many learners hint in English because
58:55:26they fear sounding rude
58:55:30and the listener misses it.
58:55:33Picture
58:55:44yourself tomorrow in class or at work
58:55:48when something seems wrong.
58:56:01Great speaking time. Now let's jump into
58:56:05the speaking time.
58:56:07>> Can clear direct English save lives?
58:56:20Yes,
58:56:22clear, direct English can save lives.
58:56:28Do learners hint because they fear
58:56:31sounding rude
58:56:33or sounding boring?
58:56:42They hint because they fear sounding
58:56:46rude.
58:56:48What happens to the listener when
58:56:50learners hint?
58:56:56the listener misses it.
58:56:59>> Now, this is the final part. I want you
58:57:01to focus and jump into it.
58:57:05>> You take a breath and speak up in
58:57:08[snorts] neutral words.
58:57:13I think there is a problem here.
58:57:28polite, calm, and direct.
58:57:34That single sentence may be the most
58:57:37useful English you ever learn.
58:57:55All right, final questions. I want you
58:57:58to answer full sentences and let's go.
58:58:02>> Do you speak up in neutral words?
58:58:14Yes.
58:58:17You take a breath and speak up in
58:58:21neutral words.
58:58:24Is the sentence rude
58:58:27or polite, calm and direct?
58:58:37It is polite,
58:58:39calm, and direct.
58:58:43What do you say?
58:58:51You say, "I think there is a problem
58:58:55here.
58:59:04The grammar we practiced today reported
58:59:07speech statements. Really, he was
58:59:10telling the captain that this was no
58:59:12night to land by sight.
58:59:16Investigators later said that the
58:59:18captain had made serious errors and that
58:59:21the crew had not challenged him.
58:59:25Experts who studied the recording said
58:59:28that in that culture juniors spoke to
58:59:31seniors with great respect.
58:59:36He told the crews that English would be
58:59:38the official language of the cockpit.
58:59:48Congratulations.
58:59:49You practiced 423
58:59:52words in this story and you learned a
58:59:55lot.
58:59:58>> Fabulous.
59:00:30That was it.
59:00:34I I really really appreciate you
59:00:37practicing your English and learning
59:00:39something new.
59:00:42How to win friends and influence people.
59:01:08It really helps.
59:01:19Let's jump into the story. Big enough.
59:01:23Big Enough from the book How to Win
59:01:26[sighs] Friends and Influence People by
59:01:29Dale Cariegi.
59:01:32Prison:
59:01:34Hesitation.
59:01:37Scared.
59:01:39Tough
59:01:41prisoner.
59:01:43Dare
59:01:45reform.
59:01:48Cheerful
59:01:50way.
59:01:52warden.
59:01:55Some jobs arrive like a gift.
59:02:00This one arrived
59:02:02like a warning
59:02:04and then like a dare.
59:02:20At the end of the 1910s,
59:02:23Singh was one of the most feared prisons
59:02:26in America.
59:02:38Now, we're going to hear a question. I
59:02:40want you to answer it loudly in full
59:02:44sentences. Okay, let's go.
59:02:48Did this job arrive
59:02:51like a gift?
59:03:00No.
59:03:02It arrived like a warning and then like
59:03:07a dare.
59:03:09Was singing Singh loved
59:03:12or feared?
59:03:20Singh was one of the most feared prisons
59:03:24in America.
59:03:27When was Singh so feared
59:03:38at the end of the 1910s?
59:03:42It was one of the most feared prisons.
59:03:47>> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen.
59:03:51>> It stood beside the Hudson River north
59:03:54of New York City.
59:03:57It was full of prisoners
59:04:00and had no warden.
59:04:15Stories of scandal came from behind its
59:04:18walls.
59:04:20Wardens came and went, and one lasted
59:04:24three weeks. [clears throat]
59:04:39All right, time to prove your focusing.
59:04:42Let's jump into it.
59:04:44>> Did Singh have a warden?
59:04:54>> No,
59:04:56it was full of prisoners and had no
59:04:59warden.
59:05:01Did one warden last 3 weeks or 3 years?
59:05:15One warden lasted [gasps]
59:05:18three weeks.
59:05:21Where did Sing stand?
59:05:31It stood beside the Hudson River north
59:05:34of New York City.
59:05:38>> Great answers. Let's see what happens
59:05:40now.
59:05:42>> The governor of New York, Al Smith,
59:05:45needed a strong leader there.
59:05:49He sent for Lewis Laws.
59:06:06Lors had worked in prisons for years.
59:06:11He knew exactly how tough a place sin
59:06:14was.
59:06:27Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and
59:06:29speak.
59:06:31>> Did Al Smith need a strong leader there?
59:06:41Yes.
59:06:43He needed a strong leader there.
59:06:47Did Smith send for laws
59:06:51or go there himself?
59:06:59He sent for Lewis Laws.
59:07:04How well did Laws know Singh?
59:07:14He knew exactly how tough a place sing
59:07:18was.
59:07:20>> Okay, now listening mode.
59:07:24>> Smith asked him in a cheerful way
59:07:27whether he would go and take charge of
59:07:30singing.
59:07:41laws did not answer at once.
59:07:44The job was political so it could
59:07:48disappear after the next election.
59:08:03Awesome. without speaking turn.
59:08:07>> Did Smith ask him whether he would take
59:08:10charge of singing?
59:08:21Yes.
59:08:23Smith asked him whether he would go and
59:08:27take charge of singing.
59:08:31Did Smith ask in a cheerful way or an
59:08:35angry way?
59:08:42He asked him in a cheerful way,
59:08:46why could the job disappear?
59:08:56The job was political
59:08:59so it could disappear after the next
59:09:03election.
59:09:06>> Now story is calling us. Let's continue.
59:09:10>> He had a career to protect.
59:09:14He wondered whether this dangerous job
59:09:17was really worth the risk.
59:09:31Weigh it for a second. A safe career.
59:09:36The hard in the state.
59:09:48>> Now test yourself.
59:09:51Did laws wonder whether the job was
59:09:54worth the risk?
59:10:04Yes.
59:10:06[sighs and gasps] He wondered whether
59:10:07this dangerous job was really worth the
59:10:12risk.
59:10:15Did he have a career to protect
59:10:19or nothing to lose?
59:10:25He had a career to protect.
59:10:30What two things do you weigh?
59:10:41You weigh a safe career
59:10:45against the hardest prison job in the
59:10:49state.
59:10:51>> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the
59:10:54story.
59:10:56>> Smith saw the hesitation on his face.
59:11:00He leaned back in his chair and smiled.
59:11:15He did not ask what was wrong.
59:11:20He said he did not blame laws for being
59:11:24scared.
59:11:26It was a tough place.
59:11:43Okay, speaking time. Speak your mind.
59:11:47>> Did Smith ask what was wrong?
59:11:56No,
59:11:58he did not ask what was wrong.
59:12:02Did Smith see hesitation
59:12:05or anger on his face?
59:12:14Smith saw the hesitation on his face.
59:12:19What did Smith say about Lor's being
59:12:23scared?
59:12:31He said he did not blame laws for being
59:12:35scared.
59:12:37See, English is already coming out of
59:12:40you. Now listen and let's continue.
59:12:44>> Then he added one more sentence.
59:12:49It would take a big person, he said, to
59:12:53go up there and stay.
59:13:10That sentence changed everything.
59:13:14Sh Smith had not offered comfort or
59:13:18money.
59:13:20He had offered a dare.
59:13:38Now the table's turn. I'm going to ask
59:13:40you questions. You're going to do the
59:13:42talking. Let's go.
59:13:44Did Smith offer money?
59:13:55No.
59:13:57Smith had not offered comfort or money.
59:14:03Did Smith offer comfort or a dare?
59:14:13He had offered a dare.
59:14:17What would it take to go up there and
59:14:22stay?
59:14:30It would take a big person to go up
59:14:33there and stay.
59:14:38>> All right, let's see if you've guessed
59:14:39it right. Let's go to the next part of
59:14:41the story.
59:14:43Laws liked the idea of a job that needed
59:14:46someone big.
59:14:49So he went
59:14:51and he stayed.
59:15:04He stayed for 21 years
59:15:09and became the most famous warden of his
59:15:12time.
59:15:25Here is where you do the talking. Go
59:15:28ahead and talk and build me full
59:15:30sentences.
59:15:32Did laws go and stay?
59:15:43Yes. So he went and he stayed.
59:15:49Did he stay for 2 years
59:15:53or 21
59:15:56years?
59:16:04He stayed for 21 years.
59:16:10What did he become?
59:16:18He became the most famous warden of his
59:16:22time.
59:16:24>> Good job. Let's continue the story.
59:16:28He believed prisoners were still human
59:16:31beings.
59:16:33His reform brought in sport, education,
59:16:38useful work. [cheering]
59:16:52He later wrote a bestselling book about
59:16:55his years there.
59:16:57and his reform ideas reached a wide
59:17:02public.
59:17:16Okay, let's pause for a second. Now I'm
59:17:18going to ask you questions. Now it's
59:17:19over to you to answer them.
59:17:22Did laws believe prisoners were still
59:17:26human beings?
59:17:36Yes,
59:17:38he believed prisoners were still human
59:17:42beings.
59:17:44Did his reform bring in sport and
59:17:47education
59:17:49or more walls?
59:18:00His reform brought in sport, education
59:18:05and useful work.
59:18:08What did he later write?
59:18:17He later wrote a bestselling book about
59:18:21his years there.
59:18:24>> Here's on. Now let's come to the next
59:18:26part.
59:18:28>> Dale Cariegi tells this story in How to
59:18:31Win Friends and Influence People.
59:18:42Good people want more than safety.
59:18:47A challenge offered with respect
59:18:51can call out the best in them.
59:19:08Now it's yours. Go ahead and talk loudly
59:19:12as much as you can.
59:19:15>> Does Dale Cariegi tell this story?
59:19:26>> Yes.
59:19:28Dale Cariegi tells this story in How to
59:19:32Win Friends and Influence People.
59:19:35Do good people want only safety or more
59:19:40than safety?
59:19:46Good people want more than safety.
59:19:51What can a challenge offered with
59:19:54respect do?
59:20:01It can call out the best in them.
59:20:06>> Now, back to the story.
59:20:09>> Notice the cheerful respect.
59:20:14Smith did not laugh at the fear. He
59:20:18understood it, then raised the bar.
59:20:35You will meet your own sing.
59:20:39A hard exam, a speaking test, a job
59:20:43interview in English.
59:21:01Awesome. Quiz time. Let's jump into it.
59:21:05>> Did Smith laugh at the fear?
59:21:15No.
59:21:17Smith did not laugh at the fear. He
59:21:20understood it.
59:21:23Was Smith's respect cheerful
59:21:26or cold?
59:21:32Smith's respect was cheerful.
59:21:37What is your own singing?
59:21:48It is a hard exam, a speaking test or a
59:21:53job interview in English.
59:21:56>> And now the big finish.
59:22:00>> When it comes, you may feel scared and
59:22:05your mind will ask whether it is safe
59:22:08and easy.
59:22:19Weigh your hesitation honestly.
59:22:24Then don't ask whether the task is easy.
59:22:29Ask whether it is big enough to make you
59:22:33bigger.
59:22:48One final question, bro. You've done the
59:22:51whole thing. Now, let's do the final
59:22:53one.
59:22:54>> Will your mind ask whether the task is
59:22:58safe and easy?
59:23:08Yes,
59:23:09your mind will ask whether it is safe
59:23:13and easy.
59:23:16Should you ask whether it is easy or
59:23:20whether it is big enough?
59:23:30Ask whether it is big enough to make you
59:23:34bigger.
59:23:36What should you weigh honestly?
59:23:44Weigh your hesitation
59:23:47honestly.
59:23:49[clears throat]
59:23:55The grammar we practiced today reported
59:23:59questions.
59:24:01Smith asked him in a cheerful way
59:24:03whether he would go and take charge of
59:24:05Sing Singh.
59:24:09He wondered whether this dangerous job
59:24:11was really worth the risk.
59:24:16He did not ask what was wrong.
59:24:20When it comes, you may feel scared and
59:24:24your mind will ask whether it is safe
59:24:26and easy.
59:24:34Congratulations,
59:24:36you practiced 420 words in this story
59:24:39and you learned a lot.
59:25:03That's amazing. That's That's such a
59:25:05beautiful opportunity.
59:25:12Thinking fast and slow. Let's jump into
59:25:15the next story. The Eyes Above the Milk.
59:25:19>> The Eyes Above the Milk from the book
59:25:23Thinking Fast and Slow by Daniel
59:25:26Carneaman.
59:25:29Nearly.
59:25:31Nearly.
59:25:34Nearly.
59:25:36Nearly.
59:25:38Nearly.
59:25:40Nearly.
59:25:43Nearly.
59:25:45Nearly,
59:25:48nearly,
59:25:49nearly.
59:25:52On a kitchen wall in a university
59:25:55building,
59:25:57a small notice lists prices for tea,
59:26:02coffee, and milk.
59:26:17Below it sits an honesty box.
59:26:22There is no cashier
59:26:25and nobody checks.
59:26:30People pay by themselves.
59:26:46That's amazing. I want you to listen to
59:26:49the questions and answer in sentences.
59:26:53Build full sentences, not just words.
59:26:55Okay, let's go.
59:26:58>> Is there a cashier beside the honesty
59:27:01box?
59:27:09No, there is no cashier and nobody
59:27:14checks.
59:27:16Does the notice list prices for tea,
59:27:20coffee, and milk or for food?
59:27:31It lists prices for tea, coffee, and
59:27:36milk.
59:27:38Where is the small notice?
59:27:47It is on a kitchen wall
59:27:50in a university building.
59:27:54>> Here's on. Now let's come to the next
59:27:56part.
59:27:58>> Boxes like this share a quiet problem.
59:28:02Not everyone pays fairly.
59:28:08People forget or they pay a little less.
59:28:25This kitchen belongs to the psychology
59:28:28department at Newcastle University which
59:28:32is in the north of England.
59:28:45Now it's yours. Go ahead and talk loudly
59:28:49as much as you can.
59:28:51>> Does everyone pay fairly?
59:29:00No.
59:29:02Not everyone pays fairly.
59:29:06Is Newcastle University in the north of
59:29:10England
59:29:11or the south?
59:29:21The kitchen belongs to Newcastle
59:29:24University, which is in the north of
59:29:27England.
59:29:29What do people do at boxes like this?
59:29:38People forget
59:29:40or they pay a little less.
59:29:44See, English is already coming out of
59:29:47you. Now listen and let's continue.
59:29:51>> Melissa Batson, who is a researcher
59:29:53there, decides with two colleagues to
59:29:57test something very small.
59:30:10Above the price list, they add a narrow
59:30:14picture which they change every week for
59:30:1810 weeks.
59:30:30Here's where you do the talking. Go
59:30:33ahead and talk and build me full
59:30:35sentences.
59:30:37>> Does Bateson work alone?
59:30:48No.
59:30:50She decides with two colleagues to test
59:30:54something.
59:30:56Do they change the picture every week or
59:31:00every month?
59:31:09They add a narrow picture which they
59:31:13change every week for 10 weeks.
59:31:19What does Bateson decide to do?
59:31:29Melissa Bateson, who is a researcher
59:31:32there, decides [clears throat]
59:31:34to test something very small.
59:31:40>> Okay, now listening mode.
59:31:43>> Some weeks it shows flowers.
59:31:47Other weeks it shows a pair of human
59:31:50eyes looking straight at you.
59:32:04Nothing else changes.
59:32:07There is still no cashier
59:32:10and nobody is really watching.
59:32:25Now test yourself.
59:32:27Does the pictures sometimes show
59:32:31flowers?
59:32:40Yes.
59:32:42Some weeks it shows
59:32:44flowers.
59:32:47Is anyone really watching
59:32:51or is nobody watching?
59:32:59Nobody is really watching.
59:33:04What does the picture show in the other
59:33:07weeks?
59:33:17It shows a pair of human eyes
59:33:22looking straight at you.
59:33:26>> That was amazing. Now, let's continue
59:33:29and enjoy the story.
59:33:32>> Each week, they count the coins and
59:33:34measure the milk used, so the weeks
59:33:38compare fairly.
59:33:40Imagine
59:33:49you work there.
59:33:53You come in tired and in a hurry and
59:33:56glance at the wall.
59:34:08Awesome. Quiz time. Let's jump into it.
59:34:12>> Do they count the coins each week?
59:34:24Yes.
59:34:26Each week they count the coins and
59:34:30measure the milk used.
59:34:34Do you come in rested
59:34:37or tired and in a hurry?
59:34:44You come in tired and in a hurry.
59:34:50What do you glance at?
59:34:57You glance
59:34:59at the wall.
59:35:02Nice one. Let's continue.
59:35:05>> You pour some milk, drop coins in the
59:35:09box,
59:35:12or forget, then hurry back to your desk.
59:35:29Would a picture of eyes which you barely
59:35:33glance at change what you do?
59:35:38Most of us would say no. [clears throat]
59:35:54Great speaking time. Now let's jump into
59:35:58the speaking time.
59:36:00>> Do you pour some milk?
59:36:10>> Yes.
59:36:12You pour some milk and drop coins in the
59:36:16box
59:36:18or forget?
59:36:21Do you hurry back to your desk or stay
59:36:25in the kitchen?
59:36:30You hurry back to your desk.
59:36:34What do you barely glance at?
59:36:45You barely glance at the picture of
59:36:48eyes, which is above the price list.
59:36:55>> All right, let's see if you've guessed
59:36:57it right. Let's go to the next part of
59:36:58the story.
59:37:00>> The results say otherwise.
59:37:04In the eye weeks, people paid nearly
59:37:07three times as much for the milk they
59:37:11poured.
59:37:24Nobody was told about the study.
59:37:28Nobody chose to be more honest because
59:37:32of a picture.
59:37:45Now the table's turn. I'm going to ask
59:37:48you questions. You're going to do the
59:37:50talking. Let's go.
59:37:52>> Did people pay less in the eye weeks?
59:38:04No.
59:38:06The results say otherwise.
59:38:10People paid nearly three times as much.
59:38:16Did they pay nearly three times as much
59:38:20or only a little more?
59:38:30In the eyew weeks, people paid nearly
59:38:34three times as much for the milk they
59:38:37poured.
59:38:39Who was told about the study?
59:38:47Nobody was told about the study.
59:38:52>> Great answers. Let's see what happens
59:38:55now.
59:38:56A fast part of the mind which never asks
59:39:00our permission notices eyes.
59:39:05It acts as if someone is paying
59:39:08attention.
59:39:23Scientists still argue about how strong
59:39:26this effect is.
59:39:29Later studies tend to find smaller
59:39:31results or none.
59:39:47Did that make sense? Now let's check.
59:39:51Does the fast part of the mind ask our
59:39:55permission?
59:40:04No.
59:40:06The fast part of the mind which never
59:40:09asks our permission notices eyes.
59:40:13[clears throat]
59:40:15Do later studies tend to find bigger
59:40:19results
59:40:20or smaller results.
59:40:30Later studies tend to find smaller
59:40:33results
59:40:35or none.
59:40:37What do scientists still argue about?
59:40:47They still argue about how strong this
59:40:51effect is.
59:40:54>> Now back to the story.
59:40:57Still, the picture points to something
59:41:00we recognize.
59:41:03We tend to act better when we feel seen.
59:41:22This works in two directions.
59:41:25Other people's attention helps you and
59:41:30your attention can help them.
59:41:46>> Let's hear you. Now it's your turn to
59:41:48speak.
59:41:50>> Do we tend to act better when we feel
59:41:53seen?
59:42:02Yes,
59:42:04we tend to act better when we feel seen.
59:42:11Does this work in one direction or two
59:42:15directions?
59:42:21This works in two directions.
59:42:26What does the picture point to?
59:42:34It points to something we recognize.
59:42:40Great job. Now, back to the story.
59:42:43A study partner who checks your homework
59:42:47is eyes on your wall.
59:42:53So is a friend who asks about your goal.
59:43:09When you notice someone's effort, their
59:43:13new words, and braver sentences,
59:43:17you become those eyes for them.
59:43:35A quick check before we move on. I want
59:43:38you to answer these questions.
59:43:41>> Is a study partner who checks your
59:43:43homework
59:43:45eyes on your wall?
59:43:55Yes.
59:43:57A study partner who checks your homework
59:44:01is eyes on your wall.
59:44:05Does a friend ask about your goal
59:44:10or about your money?
59:44:17A friend asks about your goal.
59:44:22What do you become
59:44:24when you notice someone's effort?
59:44:33You become those eyes for them.
59:44:39>> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's
59:44:42keep it up and jump into the story.
59:44:46>> It costs almost nothing.
59:44:50A short note recognizing their progress
59:44:54may keep them going when they would
59:44:57otherwise quit.
59:45:12So, think about that kitchen wall
59:45:16and then about your own week.
59:45:28Okay, voice is up. Now, here comes the
59:45:31questions.
59:45:33>> Does a short note cost a lot?
59:45:42>> No,
59:45:44it costs almost nothing.
59:45:48May a note keep them going
59:45:51or make them quit?
59:46:01A short note recognizing their progress
59:46:05may keep them going.
59:46:08What would they otherwise do?
59:46:16They would otherwise
59:46:18quit.
59:46:21Now, this is the last part. Let's bring
59:46:23it home.
59:46:26Tonight, when the day is nearly over,
59:46:29ask yourself two quiet questions.
59:46:35Whose attention helps me keep my
59:46:38promises to myself?
59:46:53And whose honest effort at home, at
59:46:57work, or in class, have I noticed
59:47:02and not yet mentioned?
59:47:17>> One final question, bro. You've done the
59:47:20whole thing. Now, let's do the final
59:47:21one.
59:47:23Should you ask yourself two quiet
59:47:26questions tonight?
59:47:36Yes.
59:47:38Tonight, when the day is nearly over,
59:47:42ask yourself two quiet questions.
59:47:47Is the day nearly over
59:47:51or just starting?
59:47:58The day is nearly over.
59:48:03Where might you notice honest effort
59:48:15at home, at work, or in class,
59:48:20you might notice honest effort.
59:48:30The grammar we practice today.
59:48:33Non-defining relative clauses. This
59:48:37kitchen belongs to the psychology
59:48:39department at Newcastle University,
59:48:41which is in the north of England.
59:48:45Melissa Bateson, who is a researcher
59:48:47there, decides with two colleagues to
59:48:50test something very small.
59:48:54Above the price list, they add a narrow
59:48:57picture which they change every week for
59:49:0010 weeks.
59:49:03Would a picture of eyes which you barely
59:49:06glance at change what you do?
59:49:15Congratulations.
59:49:17You practiced 421
59:49:20words in this story and you learned a
59:49:23lot.
59:49:25Super proud of you.
59:49:37This is great. Let's keep it up.
59:50:03What's the difference? Let's jump into
59:50:05the story. The statue that looked fresh.
59:50:09>> The statue that looked fresh from the
59:50:13book Blink by Malcolm Gladwell.
59:50:17Ancient
59:50:20document
59:50:22surface
59:50:24fake
59:50:26historian
59:50:29supposed to
59:50:32display
59:50:34plenty
59:50:36dealer
59:50:38turn out.
59:50:41Many of us believe
59:50:44that a feeling in the first few seconds
59:50:48is just a guess.
59:51:00Real experts, we think, always need long
59:51:04tests and plenty of time before they
59:51:08judge.
59:51:20Now, we're going to hear a question. I
59:51:22want you to answer it loudly in full
59:51:27sentences. Okay, let's go.
59:51:31>> Do we think real experts
59:51:34need long tests?
59:51:45Yes,
59:51:47real experts we think always need long
59:51:51tests.
59:51:54Is a first feeling a guess
59:51:58or a fact? Many believe,
59:52:07many of us believe it is just a guess.
59:52:12What do experts need before they judge?
59:52:16We think
59:52:25we think they need long tests and plenty
59:52:31of Tim before they judge.
59:52:36>> Great answers. Let's see what happens
59:52:39now.
59:52:41Malcolm Gladwell opens his book Blink
59:52:44with a statue that shows why this is not
59:52:48always true.
59:53:01In 1983,
59:53:03a dealer offered the Getty Museum in
59:53:06California an ancient Greek statue of a
59:53:10young man.
59:53:25>> Let's hear you. Now it's your turn to
59:53:27speak.
59:53:29Does Gladwell open blink with a statue?
59:53:41Yes.
59:53:44Malcolm Gladwell opens his book Blink
59:53:48with a statue.
59:53:51Was the statue
59:53:54ancient Greek
59:53:56or Roman?
59:54:04A dealer offered an ancient Greek statue
59:54:08of a young man
59:54:11who offered the Getty Museum the statue.
59:54:22A dealer offered the Getty Museum the
59:54:26statue in 1983.
59:54:31>> Now, back to the story.
59:54:35>> The dealer said it was about 2500 years
59:54:38old.
59:54:41His price was almost $10 million.
59:55:01Put yourself in the museum's place.
59:55:05It could be a treasure
59:55:08or it could be a fake.
59:55:11What would you check?
59:55:16All
59:55:27right, time to prove your focusing.
59:55:30Let's jump into it.
59:55:33>> Could the statue be a fake?
59:55:44Yes.
59:55:46It could be a treasure
59:55:49or it could be a fake.
59:55:53Was the price almost $10 million
59:55:59or 1 million?
59:56:08His price was almost $10 million.
59:56:14How old did the dealer say it was?
59:56:24The dealer said it was about 2500
59:56:28years old.
59:56:31>> Great job. Now, back to the story.
59:56:34>> So, the museum did what it was supposed
59:56:37to do.
59:56:39For 14 months, scientists studied the
59:56:43marble.
59:56:55A geologist found a thin layer on the
59:56:58surface that he believed took centuries
59:57:02to form.
59:57:14Spotlight now is on you. I want you to
59:57:16answer the questions by actually
59:57:19talking. Let's go.
59:57:22>> Did the museum do what it was supposed
59:57:25to do?
59:57:33Yes.
59:57:35The museum did what it was supposed to
59:57:39do.
59:57:41Did scientists study the marble for 14
59:57:45days
59:57:47or 14 months?
59:57:57Scientists studied the marble for 14
59:58:01months.
59:58:04What did a geologist find on the
59:58:07surface?
59:58:13He found a thin layer on the surface.
59:58:19>> Good job. Let's continue the story.
59:58:23>> Lawyers checked the documents about its
59:58:25history, and they seem to be in order.
59:58:36Every test said yes.
59:58:40The museum agreed to buy it and the
59:58:43statue went on display.
59:58:57Speaking time. Try answering with words
59:59:01you just heard. Go ahead.
59:59:05>> Did the documents seem to be in order?
59:59:14Yes. The documents seemed to be in
59:59:18order.
59:59:20Did every test say yes
59:59:24or no?
59:59:30Every test said yes.
59:59:34Where did the statue go after the museum
59:59:37agreed to buy it?
59:59:43The statue went on display.
59:59:48So smooth. Awesome. Now let's listen.
59:59:52Then a few experts looked at it for only
59:59:56seconds
59:59:59and felt uneasy.
60:00:11Federrico Zeri, an Italian art
60:00:14historian, kept staring at its
60:00:16fingernails.
60:00:18They seemed wrong.
60:00:35Let's see what stayed in your mind.
60:00:38Let's go.
60:00:40>> Did the experts look at it for hours?
60:00:52No,
60:00:53they looked at it for only seconds and
60:00:57felt uneasy.
60:01:00Was Zaryi a historian
60:01:03or a lawyer?
60:01:11Federrico Zeri was an Italian art
60:01:15historian.
60:01:18What did Zerry keep staring at?
60:01:26He kept staring at its fingernails.
60:01:32All right, let's see if you've guessed
60:01:34it right. Let's go to the next part of
60:01:35the story.
60:01:37Thomas Hoving, who had led a great New
60:01:40York museum, had one word in his head.
60:01:45Fresh.
60:01:56That is a strange word for a statue that
60:01:59is supposed to be ancient.
60:02:03Something ancient can't look fresh,
60:02:08can it?
60:02:22Did that make sense? Now, let's check.
60:02:26>> Can something ancient
60:02:28look fresh?
60:02:36No,
60:02:39something ancient can't look fresh.
60:02:44Was the statue supposed to be ancient
60:02:48or modern?
60:02:56The statue was supposed to be
60:03:00ancient.
60:03:02What word did Thomas Hoving have in his
60:03:05head?
60:03:12He had one word in his head.
60:03:16Fresh.
60:03:18>> That was amazing. Now, let's continue
60:03:21and enjoy the story.
60:03:23>> Other historians of Greek art felt the
60:03:26same, but at first they could not
60:03:29explain why.
60:03:39Imagine standing there with them.
60:03:44Every document looks right and yet the
60:03:47statue must be wrong somehow.
60:04:05>> Okay, voice is up. Now here comes the
60:04:09questions.
60:04:11Could other historians explain why at
60:04:15first?
60:04:24No.
60:04:26At first they could not explain why.
60:04:31Does every document look right
60:04:36or wrong?
60:04:43Every document looks right.
60:04:48What must be wrong as you stand there?
60:04:57The statue must be wrong somehow.
60:05:02>> Okay. Now, listening mode.
60:05:05Later, some of the documents
60:05:08turned out to be fakes.
60:05:18One letter turned out to have a post
60:05:20code that did not exist yet when it was
60:05:23supposedly written.
60:05:35Okay, let's pause for a second. Now, I'm
60:05:37going to ask you questions. Now, it's
60:05:39over to you to answer them.
60:05:41>> Did some of the documents turn out to be
60:05:45fakes?
60:05:53>> Yes,
60:05:55some of the documents turned out to be
60:05:58fakes.
60:06:00Was it a letter or a photo that had the
60:06:04postcode?
60:06:14One letter turned out to have a post
60:06:16code that did not exist yet.
60:06:22When did the post code not exist yet?
60:06:31It did not exist yet when the letter was
60:06:34supposedly written.
60:06:38>> Nice one. Let's continue.
60:06:41>> Now off display, the statue might be
60:06:44ancient Greek, the museum says,
60:06:48or a modern forgery.
60:07:0314 months of tests said yes.
60:07:07A few seconds of looking said no, and
60:07:11they now look wiser.
60:07:26Okay, questions time. Let's jump into
60:07:29it.
60:07:30>> Is the statue still on display?
60:07:41No,
60:07:44the statue is now off display.
60:07:50Might the statue be ancient Greek
60:07:54or a modern forgery?
60:08:05The statue might be ancient Greek, the
60:08:09museum says, or a modern forgery.
60:08:15What did a few seconds of looking say?
60:08:24A few seconds of looking said no.
60:08:30Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's
60:08:33keep it up and jump into the story.
60:08:37>> Those seconds were not luck.
60:08:41Each expert had spent a lifetime
60:08:44studying thousands of real ancient
60:08:48statues.
60:09:02Their fast feeling was built [sighs]
60:09:05from years of slow experience.
60:09:10Deep experience trains fast judgment.
60:09:28Here's where you do the talking. Go
60:09:31ahead and talk and build me full
60:09:33sentences.
60:09:35>> Were those seconds luck?
60:09:44No,
60:09:46those seconds were not luck.
60:09:50Did each expert study a few statues
60:09:55or thousands?
60:10:06Each expert had spent a lifetime
60:10:09studying thousands of real ancient
60:10:12statues.
60:10:15What trains fast judgment?
60:10:24Deep experience trains fast judgment.
60:10:30>> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep
60:10:32moving.
60:10:35>> English works the same way.
60:10:39Fast understanding does not come from
60:10:42one clever trick.
60:10:55It comes from plenty of listening. The
60:10:59same stories again and again until your
60:11:03ear simply knows.
60:11:18Let's turn those ears into voice.
60:11:23Does fast understanding come from one
60:11:26clever trick?
60:11:35No.
60:11:37Fast understanding does not come from
60:11:40one clever trick.
60:11:43Does it come from plenty of listening
60:11:47or from one trick?
60:11:54It comes from plenty of listening.
60:12:00What does your ear do in the end?
60:12:08Your ear simply knows.
60:12:13>> Now, this is the last part. Let's bring
60:12:16it home.
60:12:18>> One day, an English sentence will look
60:12:21fine on the surface
60:12:24and still sound wrong to you.
60:12:39Trust that feeling.
60:12:42It can't be just a guess.
60:12:47Your ear has been studying all along.
60:13:06Last questions. Finish the story with
60:13:09the best answers possible.
60:13:12>> Can that feeling be
60:13:15just a guess?
60:13:22No,
60:13:24it can't be just a guess.
60:13:29Will the sentence look wrong or look
60:13:33fine on the surface?
60:13:43It will look fine on the surface and
60:13:47still sound wrong to you.
60:13:52What has your ear been doing all along?
60:14:02Your ear has been studying all along.
60:14:14The grammar we practice today.
60:14:18Modals of deduction. Present. It could
60:14:21be a treasure or it could be a fake.
60:14:26Something ancient can't look fresh, can
60:14:29it?
60:14:32Every document looks right and yet the
60:14:35statue must be wrong somehow.
60:14:40Now off display, the statue might be
60:14:42ancient Greek, the museum says, or a
60:14:46modern forgery.
60:14:54Congratulations.
60:14:56You practiced 423
60:14:58words in this story and you learned a
60:15:01lot.
60:15:10[clears throat]
60:15:20TPRS, comprehensible input, Dr. Crash, a
60:15:23lot of things.
60:15:37That's that this is the right way.
60:15:39That's amazing.
60:15:47Just just listen to what happened.
60:16:02Um, alhamdulillah.
60:16:26for
60:16:53Hello.
60:16:55Uh
60:17:24tell Mhm.
60:17:39Hello.
60:17:45Hello. Okay.
60:17:55Hello. How are you?
60:18:06foreign.
60:18:46Hello.
60:19:02for
60:19:28English.
60:19:30English.
60:19:38English. Okay.
60:20:06Okay.
60:20:16foreign.
60:21:03Okay,
60:21:05I'm sorry.
60:21:12Amen. Amen.
60:21:17Amen. Amen.
60:21:32English.
60:21:57Mhm.
60:22:02English.
60:22:28Okay.
60:22:40Step
60:22:54knew he was
60:22:59God.
60:23:02Okay.
60:23:06Okay.
60:23:37Okay.
60:23:44Foreign
60:23:47speech. Foreign speech. Foreign speech.
60:23:58ey.
60:24:21[laughter]
60:24:27Okay.
60:24:44Hello.
60:24:53forchech.
60:25:24Okay.
60:25:29[laughter]
60:25:37Twitter, YouTube.
60:25:49home.
60:26:02woman.
60:26:14foreign.
60:26:41It's okay.
60:26:46Hello. Okay. Hello.
60:26:58Okay.
60:27:09Okay.
60:27:16Okay.
60:27:32Okay.
60:28:15Hello.
60:28:21for
60:28:56bring
60:29:37Yeah.
60:30:05Okay.
60:30:19Okay.
60:30:30Okay.
60:30:50Good.
60:31:16How does
60:31:38So
60:31:53Amen. Amen.
60:32:09Hello.
60:32:26It is. It is not.
60:32:40Okay.
60:32:58Alhamdulillah.
60:33:08Task one. Mhm. Task one.
60:33:27for
60:33:28shapes.
60:33:45Task one.
60:34:18Um,
60:34:22foreign.
60:34:40[laughter]
60:34:42Okay.
60:34:47foreign.
60:35:12Hello
60:35:18Hello.
60:35:33Speaking
60:35:39speaking.
60:35:44Alhamdulillah.
60:35:50Alhamdulillah.
60:36:04foreign.
60:36:09[clears throat]
60:36:31Alhamdulillah.
60:36:33foreign.
60:36:46Okay.
60:36:53Alhamdulillah.
60:36:56Hello.
60:37:00Amen.
60:37:25Listening. Alhamdulillah.
60:37:39speaking.
60:37:50Okay.
60:37:55foreign.
60:38:10Allah
60:38:40Hello. Hello. Hello.
60:39:05Community pharmacy.
60:39:13Your English is good.
60:39:19Your English is good.
60:39:23You speak English.
60:39:26Yes, I speak English.
60:39:30Your English is good.
60:39:48Hawaii family.
60:39:59Foreign speech. Foreign speech. Foreign
60:40:00speech.
60:40:10foreign.
60:40:34Amen.
60:40:37foreign.
60:41:00Hey
60:41:11Masterchech.
60:41:27[laughter]
60:41:44Uh
60:42:11drama
60:42:13ashan.
60:42:29There you are.
60:42:36Easy.
60:42:59Yeah.
60:43:03foreign.
60:43:10Awesome.
60:43:36Leaders eat last.
60:43:56Let's jump into the story down through
60:43:59the cloud. Down through the cloud from
60:44:03the book leaders eat last by Simon
60:44:07Synynic.
60:44:09Valley
60:44:11layer
60:44:13instrument
60:44:16extremely
60:44:19thick
60:44:20fly down
60:44:23call sign
60:44:26dive
60:44:28altitude
60:44:30visibility.
60:44:34People who risk their lives for others
60:44:38often give one reason.
60:44:42They would have done it for me.
60:44:59This is the story of an American
60:45:01[sighs and gasps] pilot whose call sign
60:45:04on the radio was Johnny Bravo.
60:45:20That's amazing. I want you to listen to
60:45:24the questions and answer in sentences.
60:45:27Build full sentences, not just words.
60:45:30Okay, let's go.
60:45:33>> Was the pilot's call sign
60:45:36Johnny Bravo?
60:45:46Yes.
60:45:48His call sign on the radio was Johnny
60:45:53Bravo.
60:45:56Was he an American pilot
60:46:00or a British pilot?
60:46:07He was
60:46:08an American pilot.
60:46:12What reason do people who risk their
60:46:14lives often give?
60:46:24They often give one reason. They would
60:46:27have done it for me.
60:46:32>> Great job. Now, back to the story.
60:46:35>> It happened at night over the dark
60:46:39mountains of Afghanistan.
60:46:42He was flying an A10 at high altitude.
60:47:01Below him, a small group of soldiers was
60:47:04in serious danger.
60:47:08They had called for help from the air.
60:47:26Great speaking time. Now let's jump into
60:47:30the speaking time.
60:47:32>> Was he flying at high altitude?
60:47:44Yes.
60:47:46He was flying an A10
60:47:49at high altitude.
60:47:53Did it happen at night
60:47:56or in the morning?
60:48:05It happened at night over the dark
60:48:08mountains of Afghanistan.
60:48:12who was in serious danger below him.
60:48:22A small group of soldiers was in serious
60:48:26danger.
60:48:29>> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's
60:48:32keep it up and jump into the story.
60:48:36A thick layer of cloud covered the
60:48:38valley and visibility was almost zero
60:48:54from above the clouds. He was not able
60:48:57to see the soldiers
60:49:00or the mountains.
60:49:12Okay, questions time. Let's jump into
60:49:14it.
60:49:16>> Was he able to see the soldiers from
60:49:20above the clouds?
60:49:29No,
60:49:31he was not able to see the soldiers or
60:49:34the mountains.
60:49:37Was the layer of cloud thick or thin?
60:49:47It was a thick layer of cloud.
60:49:51What was visibility [clears throat]
60:49:53like in the valley?
60:50:03Visibility in the valley
60:50:06was almost zero.
60:50:11>> All right, let's see if you've guessed
60:50:13it right. Let's go to the next part of
60:50:14the story.
60:50:16To help them, he had to fly down through
60:50:20that thick layer using only his
60:50:24instruments.
60:50:36To dive into a dark valley you cannot
60:50:40see is extremely dangerous
60:50:44even for the best pilot.
60:51:01A quick check before we move on. I want
60:51:03you to answer these questions.
60:51:06Did he have to fly down
60:51:10through the cloud?
60:51:19Yes.
60:51:21He had to fly down through that thick
60:51:27layer.
60:51:28Did he use his eyes
60:51:31or only his instruments?
60:51:42He had to fly down using only his
60:51:47instruments.
60:51:50How dangerous is it to dive into a dark
60:51:54valley?
60:52:03It is extremely dangerous
60:52:08even for the best pilot.
60:52:13>> Now back to the story.
60:52:16>> One small error and the plane would hit
60:52:20the side of a mountain.
60:52:32He was safe up there at high altitude.
60:52:37Nobody would have blamed him for
60:52:39refusing to fly down.
60:52:53Okay, let's pause for a second. Now I'm
60:52:55going to ask you questions. Now it's
60:52:56over to you to answer them.
60:52:59>> Would one small error make the plane hit
60:53:03a mountain?
60:53:13>> Yes.
60:53:15One small error and the plane would hit
60:53:19the side of a mountain.
60:53:23Was he safe
60:53:26or in danger at high altitude?
60:53:35He was safe up there at high altitude.
60:53:40What would nobody have blamed him for?
60:53:50Nobody would have blamed him for
60:53:53refusing to fly down.
60:53:57>> Good job. Let's continue the story.
60:54:01>> He went down
60:54:04anyway,
60:54:06trusting only his instruments.
60:54:11He managed to come out under the clouds
60:54:14very close to the ground.
60:54:31Under the cloud, visibility was better,
60:54:34and at last he was able to see the
60:54:37soldiers.
60:54:49Now the table's turn. I'm going to ask
60:54:51you questions. You're going to do the
60:54:53talking. Let's go.
60:54:55>> Did he manage to come out under the
60:54:59clouds?
60:55:08Yes,
60:55:10he managed to come out under the clouds,
60:55:14very close to the ground.
60:55:17Was visibility better
60:55:20or worse under the cloud?
60:55:28Under the cloud, visibility was better.
60:55:33What was he able to see at last?
60:55:44At last he was able to see the soldiers.
60:55:51So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen.
60:55:55>> He managed to stay extremely low over
60:55:59the valley until the soldiers were safe.
60:56:11Later people asked the man behind the
60:56:15call sign
60:56:17why he had risked his life like that.
60:56:31All right, time to prove your focusing.
60:56:35Let's jump into it.
60:56:37>> Did he manage to stay low over the
60:56:40valley?
60:56:49Yes,
60:56:51he managed to stay extremely low over
60:56:55the valley.
60:56:58Did he stay low until the soldiers were
60:57:01safe or only for a moment?
60:57:10He stayed low until the soldiers were
60:57:13safe.
60:57:15What did people ask the man behind the
60:57:19call sign?
60:57:27They asked him why he had risked his
60:57:31life like that.
60:57:34>> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the
60:57:37story.
60:57:39>> Maybe it was training,
60:57:41courage,
60:57:43or a sense of duty.
60:57:47Those are the usual answers.
60:58:02his own answer was simpler than any of
60:58:06those three.
60:58:15>> Okay, questions time.
60:58:18Is courage one of the usual answers?
60:58:30Yes.
60:58:33Maybe it was training, courage, or a
60:58:37sense of duty.
60:58:40Was his own answer simpler or more
60:58:44difficult?
60:58:46His
60:58:52own answer was simpler than any of those
60:58:56three.
60:58:58What are training, courage, and duty?
60:59:08Those are the usual answers.
60:59:12Now, Story's calling us. Let's continue.
60:59:16He did not talk about orders or medals.
60:59:22He talked about empathy,
60:59:26feeling what the men below felt.
60:59:42He knew that the soldiers on the ground
60:59:45would have taken the same risk for him.
60:59:58>> Okay. Speaking time. Speak your mind.
61:00:02Did he talk about medals?
61:00:12No,
61:00:14he did not talk about orders or medals.
61:00:19Did he talk about orders
61:00:22or about empathy?
61:00:32He talked about empathy,
61:00:35feeling what the men below felt.
61:00:39What did he know about the soldiers on
61:00:42the ground?
61:00:49He knew they would have taken the same
61:00:52risk for him.
61:00:56Great answers. Let's see what happens.
61:00:58Now,
61:01:00>> that kind of trust is not built in one
61:01:03night.
61:01:06It is built in many small moments of
61:01:10care.
61:01:24We take risks for people
61:01:27who we know would do the same for us.
61:01:41>> Did that make sense? Now let's check.
61:01:44Is that kind of trust
61:01:47built in one night?
61:01:58No,
61:02:00that kind of trust is not built in one
61:02:03night.
61:02:05Do we take risks for strangers
61:02:09or for people we trust?
61:02:19We take risks for people
61:02:22who we know would do the same for us.
61:02:27How is that kind of trust built?
61:02:36It is built in many small moments of
61:02:41care. Here's
61:02:44odd. Now let's come to the next part.
61:02:47>> So maybe courage is not only a feeling
61:02:50inside you.
61:02:53Maybe it grows between people.
61:03:09Think about your English.
61:03:13Perhaps you have always seen it as a
61:03:17lonely fight.
61:03:31Okay, voice is up. Now here comes the
61:03:34questions.
61:03:36>> Is courage only a feeling inside you?
61:03:47No,
61:03:49maybe courage grows between people.
61:03:54Does courage grow inside you
61:03:58or between people?
61:04:06Maybe courage
61:04:08grows between people.
61:04:12How have you perhaps always seen
61:04:16English?
61:04:23Perhaps I have always seen it as a
61:04:26lonely fight.
61:04:29See, English is already coming out of
61:04:32you. Now listen and let's continue.
61:04:36>> It does not have to be.
61:04:40With a study partner who shows up for
61:04:43you, you are able to try harder things.
61:05:01It might be a friend who checks your
61:05:04writing or a teacher who answers your
61:05:08questions at night.
61:05:22That's amazing. Now you want to speak
61:05:24what you have read and listened.
61:05:27>> Does English have to be a lonely fight?
61:05:40>> No,
61:05:42it does not have to be a lonely fight
61:05:47with a study partner. Are you able to
61:05:50try harder
61:05:53or easier things
61:06:02with a study partner? You are able to
61:06:05try harder things.
61:06:09Who might check your writing?
61:06:16A friend might check your writing.
61:06:22>> That's it. This is the last part of a
61:06:24story. Give it your best.
61:06:27>> The dive takes less courage
61:06:30when someone is waiting for you
61:06:34below the cloud.
61:06:46Think of your own thick cloud for a
61:06:49moment.
61:06:52Who is waiting for you below it?
61:07:07Last questions. finish the story with
61:07:11the best answers possible.
61:07:14>> Does the dive take less courage
61:07:18when someone is waiting?
61:07:28Yes,
61:07:30the dive takes less courage
61:07:34when someone is waiting for you below
61:07:37the cloud.
61:07:40Is someone waiting above the cloud or
61:07:44below it?
61:07:51Someone is waiting for you
61:07:54below the cloud.
61:07:57Think of your own thick cloud.
61:08:01Who is waiting below it?
61:08:12A friend or a teacher is waiting for me
61:08:18below it.
61:08:26The grammar we practice today be able to
61:08:30manage to. From above the clouds, he was
61:08:33not able to see the soldiers or the
61:08:35mountains.
61:08:38He managed to come out under the clouds,
61:08:41very close to the ground.
61:08:44Under the cloud, visibility was better,
61:08:47and at last he was able to see the
61:08:49soldiers.
61:08:52He managed to stay extremely low over
61:08:54the valley until the soldiers were safe.
61:09:04Congratulations.
61:09:06You practiced 424
61:09:09words in this story and you learned a
61:09:12lot.
61:09:14>> That's another story in your pocket.
61:09:22And you know, stories stick.
61:09:26Awesome.
61:09:37The first 20 hours
61:09:47skating.
61:09:52Skates.
61:10:08feel bad.
61:10:26Let's jump into the story. Same fingers,
61:10:29new keys.
61:10:31>> Same fingers, new keys from the book,
61:10:34The First 20 Hours by Josh Kaufman.
61:10:39layout
61:10:41drill.
61:10:44Familiar
61:10:46useless
61:10:49on purpose.
61:10:51Nonsense.
61:10:53Translate.
61:10:56Look down.
61:10:58Switch back.
61:11:00Touch typing.
61:11:04Same man.
61:11:07Same fingers.
61:11:10a new keyboard. And suddenly he types
61:11:14like a complete beginner.
61:11:30He is used to his ordinary keyboard and
61:11:33he types on it every day without
61:11:36thinking.
61:11:47No one word answer. I don't want you to
61:11:48give me like ah small answers. I want
61:11:50you to give me full sentences aloud and
61:11:53when you're going to hear and listen to
61:11:55the sentence, repeat it yourself. Okay,
61:11:58let's go.
61:12:00>> Is he used to his ordinary keyboard?
61:12:12Yes,
61:12:14he is used to his ordinary keyboard.
61:12:20On the new keyboard,
61:12:23does he type like an expert
61:12:27or a beginner?
61:12:38on a new keyboard. He types like a
61:12:42complete beginner.
61:12:45How often does he type on his ordinary
61:12:48keyboard?
61:12:55He types on it every day without
61:12:58thinking.
61:13:01Nice one. Let's continue.
61:13:04>> Most keyboards in English use a layout
61:13:07called querty, named after the first
61:13:11letters on the top row.
61:13:23It was designed for old typewriters and
61:13:26keeps few common letters on the easy
61:13:30middle row.
61:13:42No pressure. Um, honestly, a little bit
61:13:45pressure. I want you to answer the
61:13:47questions in full sentences.
61:13:51Is querty a keyboard layout?
61:14:04Yes.
61:14:06Most keyboards in English use a layout
61:14:09called querty.
61:14:12Was it designed for computers
61:14:16or for old typewriters?
61:14:24It was designed for old typewriters.
61:14:29Where does Querty keep few common
61:14:33letters?
61:14:41It keeps few common letters on the easy
61:14:45middle row.
61:14:48Now relax your voice and let's continue
61:14:51listening.
61:14:53>> Josh Kaufman had used touch typing on
61:14:56this layout for almost 20 years.
61:15:01He wrote a whole book with it.
61:15:17Then he switched to Colemarmac, a newer
61:15:21layout that puts the most common letters
61:15:24on the middle row.
61:15:38Let's see what stayed in your mind.
61:15:41Let's go.
61:15:43>> Had Calfman used touch typing for almost
61:15:4720 years.
61:15:57Yes,
61:15:58he had used touch typing on this layout
61:16:03for almost 20 years.
61:16:07Did he switch to Colemarmac
61:16:10or stay with Querty?
61:16:19He switched to Colmarmac,
61:16:22a newer layout.
61:16:25Where does Colemarmac put the most
61:16:28common letters?
61:16:37Colmarmac puts the most common letters
61:16:40on the middle row.
61:16:44>> Okay, now listening mode.
61:16:47>> In theory, your fingers travel less, so
61:16:51typing can become easier.
61:17:01He sat down to type and the problem
61:17:05appeared at once.
61:17:09His fingers were used to the old
61:17:12familiar places.
61:17:28Okay, questions time.
61:17:31Were his fingers used to
61:17:34the new places?
61:17:44No,
61:17:46his fingers were used to
61:17:50the old familiar places.
61:17:55Did the problem appear at once or after
61:17:57a week?
61:18:04The problem appeared at once.
61:18:08What can happen when your fingers travel
61:18:12less?
61:18:17typing can become easier.
61:18:22>> So smooth. Awesome. Now let's listen.
61:18:26>> He tried to type the simplest words and
61:18:30nonsense appeared on the screen.
61:18:35Every word became a small fight.
61:18:41His
61:18:52speed fell to a crawl.
61:18:56A short email took far longer than
61:19:00before.
61:19:12Awesome. Now it's speaking turn.
61:19:15Did nonsense appear
61:19:18on the screen?
61:19:27Yes.
61:19:29Nonsense appeared on the screen.
61:19:33Did his speed go up
61:19:36or fall to a crawl?
61:19:43His speed fell to a crawl.
61:19:48What did every word become?
61:19:57Every word became a small fight.
61:20:04Great job. Now, back to the story.
61:20:07>> Switching back after one day would be
61:20:11easy.
61:20:14Slow feels like failure [snorts]
61:20:17when you are used to being fast.
61:20:33He did not switch back.
61:20:36He stayed slow on purpose because he
61:20:40wanted to get used to the new keys.
61:20:57Okay, questions time. Let's jump into
61:20:59it.
61:21:01>> Did he switch back after one day?
61:21:11No,
61:21:13he did not switch back.
61:21:17Did he stay slow by accident
61:21:21or on purpose?
61:21:28He stayed slow
61:21:31on purpose.
61:21:34What did he want to get used to?
61:21:44He wanted to get used to the new keys.
61:21:51Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's
61:21:54keep it up and jump into the story.
61:21:58>> Ordinary lessons were useless. Now,
61:22:04>> so he changed a typing program to teach
61:22:07Colemarmac a few letters at a time.
61:22:24In a typing drill, a short line of
61:22:27letters appears.
61:22:30You copy it without looking down and it
61:22:34appears again.
61:22:49Let's turn those ears into voice.
61:22:53>> Where ordinary lessons
61:22:56useful now?
61:23:05>> No.
61:23:08ordinary lessons were useless. Now,
61:23:13did he change a typing program
61:23:16or buy a new one?
61:23:24He changed a typing program to teach
61:23:28Colemeck.
61:23:30What do you do in a typing drill?
61:23:41You copy a short line of letters without
61:23:46looking down.
61:23:50>> Good job. Let's continue the story.
61:23:53>> Head first, a line comes out as
61:23:56nonsense, and your old speed feels
61:24:00useless.
61:24:03You type it again.
61:24:18The drills were boring.
61:24:22The same letters came again and again
61:24:26until his fingers got used to each new
61:24:29home.
61:24:44Let's hear you. Now it's your turn to
61:24:46speak.
61:24:48>> Were the drills
61:24:50exciting?
61:24:59No.
61:25:01The drills
61:25:03were boring
61:25:05at first.
61:25:07Does your old speed feel useful
61:25:11or useless?
61:25:20At first, your old speed feels useless.
61:25:26What did his fingers get used to? His
61:25:36fingers got used to each new home.
61:25:42>> Great answers. Let's see what happens
61:25:44now.
61:25:46>> Touchtyping means you never look down at
61:25:49the keys.
61:25:53Looking feels faster today and it builds
61:25:57the wrong habit.
61:26:12session by session. His speed on the new
61:26:16layout began to come back.
61:26:27Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and
61:26:29speak.
61:26:31>> Do you look down at the keys in touch
61:26:34typing?
61:26:43No.
61:26:45Touch typing means you never look down
61:26:48at the keys.
61:26:51Did his speed on the new layout come
61:26:53back
61:26:55or disappear? His
61:27:03speed on the new layout began to come
61:27:06back.
61:27:08What does looking at the keys build?
61:27:16It builds the wrong habit.
61:27:21That was amazing. Now, let's continue
61:27:24and enjoy the story. His keyboard makes
61:27:28the whole idea easy to see
61:27:31and it reaches far beyond typing.
61:27:46Getting better sometimes means
61:27:49getting worse first.
61:27:54You must drop the old habit on purpose
61:27:59even when it is faster today.
61:28:16>> Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to
61:28:18answer the questions.
61:28:20Does the idea reach far beyond typing?
61:28:32Yes,
61:28:34it reaches far beyond typing.
61:28:39Must you drop the old habit by accident
61:28:44or on purpose?
61:28:53You must drop the old habit on purpose.
61:28:59What does getting better sometimes mean?
61:29:07Getting
61:29:12better sometimes means
61:29:16getting worse first.
61:29:20>> Now Story's calling us. Let's continue.
61:29:24>> You have an old keyboard, too.
61:29:28Maybe you translate every sentence from
61:29:31Arabic in your head first.
61:29:47It feels fast because it is familiar and
61:29:51you are used to it.
61:29:54It also stops you from thinking directly
61:29:58in English.
61:30:14All right, time to prove your focusing.
61:30:17Let's jump into it.
61:30:19>> Do you translate every sentence from
61:30:23Arabic first?
61:30:33Yes,
61:30:35maybe I translate every sentence from
61:30:38Arabic
61:30:40in my head first.
61:30:44Does translating help
61:30:47or stop you thinking in English?
61:30:57It stops me from thinking directly in
61:31:01English.
61:31:03Why does translating
61:31:06feel fast?
61:31:16It feels fast because it is familiar
61:31:20and I am used to it.
61:31:24>> Now this is the last part. Let's bring
61:31:26it home.
61:31:29>> Choosing not to translate will slow you
61:31:32down for a while as you build each
61:31:36sentence carefully.
61:31:49Slow is not the opposite of progress.
61:31:54Very often it is the price you pay for
61:31:58it.
61:32:11Here's the last questions. I want you to
61:32:14give them everything you've got.
61:32:18>> Will choosing not to translate
61:32:22slow you down?
61:32:31Yes,
61:32:33choosing not to translate will slow you
61:32:37down for a while.
61:32:41Is slow the opposite of progress
61:32:46or the price of it?
61:32:55Very often slow is the price you pay for
61:33:00progress.
61:33:02How will you build each sentence?
61:33:11I will build each sentence carefully.
61:33:23The grammar we practice today be used to
61:33:26get used to. He is used to his ordinary
61:33:30keyboard and he types on it every day
61:33:33without thinking.
61:33:36His fingers were used to the old
61:33:38familiar places.
61:33:42Slow feels like failure when you are
61:33:44used to being fast.
61:33:47He stayed slow on purpose because he
61:33:50wanted to get used to the new keys.
61:34:00Congratulations.
61:34:02You practiced 426
61:34:04words in this story and you learned a
61:34:07lot.
61:34:09>> Finished. That's amazing.
61:34:18which is great.
61:34:30So that's amazing.
61:34:33One of the most interesting books,
61:34:35Willpower.
61:34:46Willpower,
61:35:04the willpower.
61:35:12Radish and cookies.
61:35:15Radishes and cookies from the book
61:35:18willpower by Roy F. Bowmeister and John
61:35:22Tierney.
61:35:24Resist
61:35:26Snack
61:35:29wisely.
61:35:31Bake
61:35:33oven
61:35:35lightly
61:35:38raw
61:35:40chocolate
61:35:42plate.
61:35:44Selfcontrol.
61:35:48Two plates.
61:35:51One small room.
61:35:54And the smell of warm chocolate cookies
61:35:59from a small oven.
61:36:14In the 1990s, the psychologist Roy
61:36:17Bowmeister ran an experiment with
61:36:20university students.
61:36:23They were told it was a test of taste.
61:36:42Now, we're going to hear a question. I
61:36:44want you to answer it loudly in full
61:36:48sentences. Okay, let's go.
61:36:52>> Did the room smell of warm chocolate
61:36:56cookies?
61:37:06Yes,
61:37:08there was the smell of warm chocolate
61:37:11cookies
61:37:13from a small oven.
61:37:17Were the students told it was a test of
61:37:20taste
61:37:21or memory?
61:37:27They were told it was a test of taste.
61:37:32How many plates were there?
61:37:38There were two plates.
61:37:42>> Now relax your voice and let's continue
61:37:45listening.
61:37:47>> The students were asked to skip a meal
61:37:50first. So every one of them arrived
61:37:54hungry.
61:38:05The cookies had been baked right there
61:38:08in the lab in that oven.
61:38:18Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and
61:38:20speak.
61:38:22Did the students arrive hungry?
61:38:33Yes.
61:38:35Every one of them arrived hungry.
61:38:40Were the cookies baked in the lab
61:38:44or in a shop?
61:38:52The cookies had been baked right there
61:38:55in the lab in that oven.
61:38:59What were the students asked to skip?
61:39:08They were asked to skip a meal first.
61:39:15>> Great answers. Let's see what happens
61:39:17now.
61:39:19>> One plate held the freshly baked cookies
61:39:23and some chocolates.
61:39:26The other held a pile of raw radishes.
61:39:44The researchers made some students eat
61:39:47only the raw radishes.
61:39:51They let the others eat the cookies.
61:40:07Let's turn those ears into voice.
61:40:11Did the researchers make some students
61:40:15eat radishes?
61:40:25Yes,
61:40:27they made some students eat only the raw
61:40:31radishes.
61:40:33Were the radishes raw
61:40:36or cooked?
61:40:42The radishes were raw.
61:40:47What did the researchers let the others
61:40:49eat?
61:40:55They let the others eat the cookies.
61:41:01>> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the
61:41:03story.
61:41:05>> Then the researcher left.
61:41:09The radish students sat alone, hungry,
61:41:13right next to the sweet snack.
61:41:29through a small window. The team
61:41:31watched.
61:41:33Some picked up a cookie, smelled it, and
61:41:38put it back.
61:41:53Now test yourself.
61:41:55Did the radish students sit
61:42:00next to the cookies?
61:42:10Yes.
61:42:12They sat alone,
61:42:15hungry,
61:42:17right next to the sweet snack.
61:42:22Did the team watch through a window
61:42:27or a door?
61:42:34The team watched
61:42:36through a small window.
61:42:40What did some students do with a cookie?
61:42:51Some picked up a cookie, smelled it, and
61:42:55put it back.
61:42:58>> Okay, now listening mode.
61:43:02>> Nobody in the radish group actually ate
61:43:05one.
61:43:07They resisted,
61:43:09but their self-control was clearly
61:43:12working hard.
61:43:27The cookie students had the easy path.
61:43:31The researchers let them enjoy their
61:43:34snack in peace.
61:43:49>> Let's hear you. Now it's your turn to
61:43:51speak.
61:43:52>> Did the Reddish group resist the
61:43:56cookies?
61:44:04Yes,
61:44:06they resisted,
61:44:09but their self-control was clearly
61:44:12working hard.
61:44:14Did the cookie students have the hard
61:44:17path or the easy path?
61:44:26The cookie students had the easy path.
61:44:30What did the researchers let the cookie
61:44:33students do?
61:44:41They let them enjoy their snack
61:44:45in peace.
61:44:48>> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen.
61:44:53Next, both groups got the same task. A
61:44:57puzzle that looked possible but was
61:45:01actually impossible.
61:45:17The researchers wanted to know one
61:45:19thing.
61:45:21How long would each person keep trying?
61:45:37Now the table's turn. I'm going to ask
61:45:40you questions. You're going to do the
61:45:42talking. Let's go.
61:45:44>> Did both groups get the same task?
61:45:54Yes,
61:45:56both groups got the same task.
61:46:01Was the puzzle possible or actually
61:46:05impossible?
61:46:12The puzzle was actually impossible.
61:46:18What did the researchers want to know?
61:46:27They wanted to know how long each person
61:46:31would keep trying.
61:46:34>> Good job. Let's continue the story.
61:46:38>> The cookie eaters worked on the puzzle
61:46:41for about 20 minutes.
61:46:44They tried, failed, and tried again.
61:47:00The radish eaters gave up after about 8
61:47:04minutes.
61:47:07What made them stop so early?
61:47:22Now the floor is yours. Let's go.
61:47:26>> Did the cookie eaters work for about 20
61:47:31minutes?
61:47:40Yes.
61:47:42They worked on the puzzle for about 20
61:47:46minutes.
61:47:48Did the radish eaters give up after 8
61:47:52minutes
61:47:53or 20?
61:48:03The radish eaters gave up after about 8
61:48:08minutes.
61:48:10What did the cookie eaters do?
61:48:18They tried, failed, and tried again.
61:48:24>> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's
61:48:27keep it up and jump into the story.
61:48:31>> Same hunger, same puzzle, same room.
61:48:37The only difference was what happened a
61:48:40few minutes earlier.
61:48:55Bowmeister's explanation was that
61:48:58self-control uses a kind of energy and
61:49:03that energy can run low.
61:49:19Okay, let's pause for a second. Now I'm
61:49:21going to ask you questions. Now it's
61:49:22over to you to answer them.
61:49:25>> Was the room the same for both groups?
61:49:37Yes,
61:49:39the hunger, the puzzle, and the room
61:49:43were the same.
61:49:45Does self-control
61:49:47use energy
61:49:50or save energy?
61:50:00Self-control.
61:50:02uses a kind of energy
61:50:05and that energy can run low.
61:50:09What was the only difference?
61:50:18The only difference was what happened a
61:50:21few minutes earlier.
61:50:24>> Now, back to the story.
61:50:27The radish students had spent theirs
61:50:31resisting the cookies.
61:50:35Little was left
61:50:38for the puzzle.
61:50:52Now you might say one experiment cannot
61:50:56prove all that.
61:51:01You would be right to ask.
61:51:17>> Okay, speaking time. Speak your mind.
61:51:21>> Did the radish students spend their
61:51:24energy resisting the cookies?
61:51:35Yes,
61:51:37they had spent theirs resisting the
61:51:41cookies.
61:51:43Was much
61:51:45or little left for the puzzle?
61:51:52Little was left for the puzzle.
61:51:57What might you say about one experiment?
61:52:01[clears throat]
61:52:06One experiment cannot prove all that.
61:52:11>> Here's on. Now let's come to the next
61:52:13part.
61:52:15>> Later scientists repeated tests like
61:52:18this and some found a much smaller
61:52:22effect or none at all.
61:52:37So hold the idea lightly.
61:52:42Still most of us know the feeling of a
61:52:45tired mind at night.
61:52:50Awesome.
61:53:00Now it's speaking turn.
61:53:03>> Did later scientists always find the
61:53:06same effect?
61:53:15No.
61:53:17Some found a much smaller effect
61:53:21or none at all.
61:53:24Should you hold the idea lightly
61:53:28or tightly?
61:53:35You should hold the idea
61:53:38lightly.
61:53:40What feeling do most of us know?
61:53:50Most of us know the feeling of a tired
61:53:53mind at night.
61:53:57>> Great job. Now, back to the story.
61:54:00>> Even held lightly, the idea is useful.
61:54:09Willpower seems to get tired like a
61:54:12muscle,
61:54:14so spend it wisely.
61:54:29Bowmeister and the writer John Tierney
61:54:33described the radish test early in their
61:54:36book Willpar.
61:54:48All right, time to prove you're
61:54:51focusing. Let's jump into it.
61:54:54>> Does Willpower seem to get tired like a
61:54:58muscle?
61:55:06Yes.
61:55:08Willpower seems to get tired like a
61:55:11muscle.
61:55:13Should you spend willpower wisely
61:55:17or quickly?
61:55:22You should spend it wisely.
61:55:27Who wrote the book Willpower with
61:55:30Bowmeister?
61:55:37The writer John Tierney wrote it with
61:55:40Balmeister.
61:55:43>> And now the big finish.
61:55:47>> Here is a simple daily rule for spending
61:55:51it wisely.
61:55:54Do not let the day use up your willpower
61:55:59before your English.
61:56:15study in the morning before messages,
61:56:18meetings, and a hundred small decisions
61:56:21arrive.
61:56:23And keep the cookies off the table.
61:56:41One final question, bro. You've done the
61:56:44whole thing. Now, let's do the final
61:56:46one.
61:56:47>> Should you let the day use up your
61:56:51willpower?
61:57:00No,
61:57:02do not let the day use up your willpower
61:57:05before your English.
61:57:08Should you study in the morning
61:57:11or at night?
61:57:17You should study in the morning.
61:57:21What should you keep off the table?
61:57:30I should keep the cookies off the table.
61:57:41The grammar we practice today, make,
61:57:44let, plus object plus verb. The
61:57:48researchers made some students eat only
61:57:50the raw radishes.
61:57:55They let the others eat the cookies.
61:58:00The researchers let them enjoy their
61:58:02snack in peace.
61:58:06What made them stop so early?
61:58:15Congratulations.
61:58:17You practiced 407 words in this story
61:58:21and you learned a lot.
61:58:25Great job.
61:58:37That's amazing.
61:58:46And that's such an amazing thing.
61:58:50The 48 laws of power.
61:59:10That's it.
61:59:20Right.
61:59:23>> [laughter]
61:59:43>> laws of power.
61:59:45The marble dust. The marble dust from
61:59:49the book The 48 Laws of Power by Robert
61:59:53Green.
61:59:55Marble
61:59:57dust
61:59:59angle
62:00:02figure
62:00:04feel
62:00:07action.
62:00:09Artist
62:00:11meter
62:00:13sculptor.
62:00:16give up on.
62:00:19In Florence around 1504,
62:00:24a powerful man had a problem with a
62:00:29statue.
62:00:42He was Pierro Sodorini, head of the city
62:00:46government.
62:00:48The statue was David by the young
62:00:52sculptor Michelangelo.
62:01:09No one answer. I don't want you to give
62:01:11me like ah small answers. I want you to
62:01:13give me full sentences aloud and when
62:01:16you're going to hear and listen to the
62:01:18sentence, repeat it yourself. Okay,
62:01:21let's go. Did a powerful man
62:01:25have a problem with a statue?
62:01:36Yes,
62:01:38a powerful man had a problem with a
62:01:42statue.
62:01:45Was Sodorini a sculptor
62:01:49or head of the city government?
62:01:56He was head of the city government.
62:02:01Who's the young sculptor?
62:02:12The young sculptor was
62:02:16Michelangelo.
62:02:20That was amazing. Now, let's continue
62:02:22and enjoy the story.
62:02:25>> The giant figure stood over 5 m tall.
62:02:31It was cut from one block of marble that
62:02:35others had given up on.
62:02:50The sculptor had worked on it for years
62:02:53and it was almost finished.
62:03:03Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and
62:03:05speak.
62:03:07Did the figure stand
62:03:10over 5 m tall?
62:03:21Yes.
62:03:22The giant figure stood over 5 m tall.
62:03:29Was it cut from marble
62:03:32or from wood?
62:03:41It was cut
62:03:43from one block of marble.
62:03:47What had others done with the block of
62:03:50marble?
62:03:56Others
62:03:58had given up on it.
62:04:02>> All right, let's see if you've guessed
62:04:04it right. Let's go to the next part of
62:04:05the story.
62:04:07>> So Darini came to see it.
62:04:11He studied it for a long time, then said
62:04:15the nose was too big.
62:04:30Michelangelo saw the real problem.
62:04:35Sodorini stood right under it, several
62:04:39meters below its face.
62:04:42From that angle, the nose looked wrong.
62:05:00Okay, let's pause for a second. Now I'm
62:05:02going to ask you questions. Now it's
62:05:04over to you to answer them.
62:05:07>> Did Sodorini say the nose was too big?
62:05:20Yes.
62:05:21He said the nose was too big.
62:05:26Did Sodorini stand far away
62:05:31or right under the statue?
62:05:41He stood right under it, several meters
62:05:45below its face.
62:05:48Why did the nose
62:05:50look wrong?
62:05:58The nose looked wrong from that angle.
62:06:04>> Nice one. Let's continue.
62:06:08What would you do?
62:06:12You have spent years on this work and a
62:06:16powerful man says it is wrong.
62:06:31Most of us would explain.
62:06:35We would talk about angles and light and
62:06:38try to prove we were right.
62:06:52>> Okay, questions time. Let's jump into
62:06:55it.
62:06:56>> Would most of us explain
62:07:06Yes,
62:07:08most of us would explain.
62:07:12Would we talk about angles and light
62:07:17or stay quiet?
62:07:24We would talk about angles and light.
62:07:29What would we try to prove?
62:07:37We would try to prove we were right.
62:07:43>> Great job. Now, back to the story.
62:07:46>> Others would agree to change the nose.
62:07:52They would give up on their work
62:07:56to keep the boss happy.
62:08:11Michelangelo did something strange.
62:08:16He climbed the scaffolding
62:08:19and quietly picked up a little marble
62:08:22dust.
62:08:38Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to
62:08:39answer the questions?
62:08:42>> Would others agree to change the nose?
62:08:54Yes.
62:08:56Others would agree to change the nose.
62:09:00Did Michelangelo pick up marble dust
62:09:05or a hammer?
62:09:12He quietly picked up a little marble
62:09:16dust.
62:09:18What would others give up on?
62:09:25they would give up on their work.
62:09:30>> Now, relax your voice and let's continue
62:09:33listening.
62:09:34>> He tapped his chisel near the nose as if
62:09:39he were carving
62:09:41and let the dust fall
62:09:45slowly.
62:09:59He refused to change the nose at all.
62:10:06Then he asked Sodorini how it looked
62:10:09now.
62:10:23Okay, speaking time. Speak your mind.
62:10:27>> Did he change the nose?
62:10:37No,
62:10:39he refused to change the nose at all.
62:10:44Did he really carve
62:10:47or only tap near the nose?
62:10:57He tapped his chisel near the nose as if
62:11:02he were carving.
62:11:04What did he let fall slowly?
62:11:12He let the dust fall slowly.
62:11:18>> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the
62:11:20story.
62:11:22>> So Dorini said he liked it much better.
62:11:27The artist, [laughter] he said, had
62:11:30given the figure life.
62:11:45The statue stayed as it was. The
62:11:48powerful man felt respected
62:11:51and Michelangelo avoided arguing
62:11:55completely.
62:12:10Let's hear you. Now it's your turn to
62:12:12speak.
62:12:14>> Did Sorini
62:12:16like it better?
62:12:26Yes.
62:12:28Sodorini said he liked it
62:12:30[sighs and gasps] much better.
62:12:33Did Michelangelo
62:12:36argue
62:12:37or avoid arguing?
62:12:46Michelangelo avoided arguing completely.
62:12:51What had the artist given the figure?
62:13:01The artist had given the figure life.
62:13:07>> Now back to the story.
62:13:10>> This scene is famous as a lesson about
62:13:14power.
62:13:16Win through your actions,
62:13:19not through arguments.
62:13:34Yes, it was a small [sighs] trick.
62:13:40You do not need the trick to use the
62:13:43idea behind it.
62:13:58All right, time to prove your focusing.
62:14:01Let's jump into it.
62:14:04>> Is this scene a lesson about power?
62:14:15Yes,
62:14:17it is famous as a lesson about power.
62:14:22Should you win through actions
62:14:26or through arguments?
62:14:36Win through your actions,
62:14:40not through arguments.
62:14:43What do you not need to use the idea?
62:14:52You do not need the trick.
62:14:58>> Good job. Let's continue the story.
62:15:01>> The artist cared more about the result
62:15:05than about winning the conversation.
62:15:08So, he chose action over words.
62:15:13[clears throat]
62:15:24Dale Carnegie, another writer, said,
62:15:27"The only way to win an argument is to
62:15:31avoid it."
62:15:42>> Awesome. Now it's speaking turn.
62:15:45Did the artist care more about the
62:15:49result?
62:15:58Yes,
62:16:00he cared more about the result than
62:16:04about winning.
62:16:06Did he choose words
62:16:09or action?
62:16:16He chose action over words.
62:16:21What is the only way to win an argument?
62:16:33The only way to win an argument is to
62:16:37avoid it.
62:16:40>> Now story is calling us. Let's continue.
62:16:44>> Honestly,
62:16:46people who criticize our work often want
62:16:49one thing first,
62:16:52to feel heard.
62:17:07When someone feels heard, they relax.
62:17:12Then the good work has a chance to
62:17:16survive.
62:17:29>> A quick check before we move on. I want
62:17:32you to answer these questions.
62:17:35Do people who criticize our work want to
62:17:39feel heard?
62:17:48Yes.
62:17:51They often want one thing first, to feel
62:17:55heard.
62:17:57When someone feels heard,
62:18:00do they relax
62:18:02or get angry?
62:18:10When someone feels heard, they relax.
62:18:16What has a chance to survive
62:18:26then? The good work has a chance to
62:18:29survive.
62:18:32>> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep
62:18:35moving.
62:18:36>> Think about your English.
62:18:40A teacher marks your essay or a
62:18:45colleague says your email sounds rude.
62:19:02Your first wish is to explain why you
62:19:05were right.
62:19:09That wish can win the talk
62:19:12and lose the lesson.
62:19:28Spotlight now is on you. I want you to
62:19:31answer the questions by actually
62:19:34talking. Let's go.
62:19:36>> Does a colleague say your email sounds
62:19:40rude?
62:19:48Yes,
62:19:50a colleague says my email sounds rude.
62:19:55Is your first wish to listen
62:19:59or to explain?
62:20:08My first wish is to explain why I was
62:20:12right.
62:20:14What can that wish win and lose
62:20:27that wish can win the talk
62:20:31and lose the lesson.
62:20:35>> That's it. This is the last part of a
62:20:37story. Give it your best.
62:20:40>> Try a small experiment this week.
62:20:44When someone criticizes your work, avoid
62:20:48defending it.
62:20:51Say only, "Thank you. Let me look again.
62:21:08Then really look
62:21:13Agree to change what is truly wrong.
62:21:18Keep what is right
62:21:21and notice how the conversation feels.
62:21:38Last questions. Finish the story with
62:21:42the best answers possible.
62:21:45>> Should you avoid defending your work?
62:21:57Yes.
62:21:59When someone criticizes your work, avoid
62:22:04defending it.
62:22:06Should you agree to change what is
62:22:09wrong?
62:22:10or what is right.
62:22:20Agree to change what is truly wrong
62:22:25and keep what is right.
62:22:29What should you say?
62:22:37Say only
62:22:39thank you. Let me look again.
62:22:50The grammar we practiced today, verbs
62:22:53plus ing or to others would agree to
62:22:58change the nose.
62:23:02He refused to change the nose at all.
62:23:08The statue stayed as it was. The
62:23:11powerful man felt respected and
62:23:13Michelangelo avoided arguing completely.
62:23:19When someone criticizes your work, avoid
62:23:22defending it.
62:23:30Congratulations.
62:23:32You practiced 422
62:23:35words in this story and you learned a
62:23:38lot.
62:23:40>> Awesome. Wonderful. Beautiful.
62:24:00That's That's super great.
62:24:18I want you to listen to what happened.
62:24:20Let's go. for
62:24:32YouTube.
62:24:43form.chech.
62:25:29He is speaking
62:25:36speaking.
62:25:53speaking.
62:26:11Awesome.
62:26:16Alhamdulillah.
62:26:45WhatsApp.
62:27:16Outliers.
62:27:3022 minutes.
62:27:3322 minutes from the book outliers by
62:27:37Malcolm Gladwell.
62:27:39Persistence
62:27:42professor
62:27:45graph
62:27:47invisible
62:27:49slope
62:27:51urge
62:27:54force
62:27:56explanation
62:27:59steep
62:28:01work out.
62:28:04A professor once filmed a student
62:28:08solving one maths problem.
62:28:12The most important moment in the film
62:28:18is invisible.
62:28:33The professor was Alan Shernfeld of the
62:28:36University of California, Berkeley, who
62:28:39studies how people solve problems.
62:28:55That's amazing. I want you to listen to
62:28:58the questions and answer in sentences.
62:29:01Build full sentences, not just words.
62:29:04Okay, let's go.
62:29:07>> Did a professor
62:29:09film a student?
62:29:19Yes.
62:29:21A professor once filmed [gasps] a
62:29:24student
62:29:26solving one maths problem.
62:29:30Is the most important moment visible
62:29:34or invisible?
62:29:42The most important moment in the film
62:29:46is invisible.
62:29:49Who was the professor?
62:29:55The professor was Alan Shernfeld.
62:30:01>> Good job. Let's continue the story.
62:30:04>> The student was a young woman called
62:30:07Reneie.
62:30:09She was not trying to impress anyone.
62:30:13She was curious.
62:30:27She was using a computer program that
62:30:30draws straight lines on a graph when you
62:30:34type in numbers.
62:30:47All right, time to prove you're
62:30:49focusing. Let's jump into it.
62:30:52>> Was Renee trying to impress anyone?
62:31:03No, she was not trying to impress
62:31:07anyone.
62:31:09Was she bored
62:31:11or curious?
62:31:16She was curious.
62:31:20What does the program draw on a graph?
62:31:31It draws straight lines on a graph when
62:31:35you type in numbers. Here's
62:31:39on. Now let's come to the next part.
62:31:42>> Her task sounded simple.
62:31:46She wanted a line on the graph that went
62:31:50straight up and down.
62:32:04She typed a number and the line got
62:32:07steeper.
62:32:09She typed a bigger one and it got
62:32:12steeper again.
62:32:26Now it's yours. Go ahead and talk loudly
62:32:30as much as you can.
62:32:32>> Did the line get steeper?
62:32:44Yes. She typed a number and the line got
62:32:49steeper.
62:32:51Did she want a line going sideways
62:32:55or straight up and down?
62:33:04She wanted a line on the graph that went
62:33:07straight up and down.
62:33:10What happened when she typed a bigger
62:33:13number?
62:33:18It got steeper again.
62:33:22>> Okay, now listening mode.
62:33:25>> Although the line kept getting steeper,
62:33:28it never stood completely straight.
62:33:34She could not see what was wrong.
62:33:51Minutes passed.
62:33:53She tried again, talked to herself and
62:33:56asked the professor small questions.
62:34:11>> A quick check before we move on. I want
62:34:13you to answer these questions.
62:34:16>> Did the line ever stand
62:34:20completely straight?
62:34:30No.
62:34:32Although it kept getting steeper,
62:34:35it never stood completely straight.
62:34:39Did she talk to herself or stay silent?
62:34:51She talked to herself and asked the
62:34:54professor small questions.
62:34:58What could she not see?
62:35:05She could not see what was wrong.
62:35:11>> Great answers. Let's see what happens
62:35:13now.
62:35:15Now imagine you are Renee.
62:35:20You are on camera and a professor is
62:35:24watching every mistake.
62:35:41Nobody is forcing you to continue.
62:35:45You feel the urge to say you do not
62:35:49understand and move on.
62:36:06>> Speaking time. Try answering with words
62:36:09you just heard. Go ahead.
62:36:12Is anybody forcing you to continue?
62:36:24No,
62:36:26nobody is forcing you to continue.
62:36:31Are you alone or on camera?
62:36:43You are on camera and a professor is
62:36:47watching every mistake.
62:36:50What do you feel the urge to do?
62:37:01I feel the urge to say I do not
62:37:05understand
62:37:07and move on.
62:37:10>> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's
62:37:14keep it up and jump into the story.
62:37:17>> Most people would.
62:37:20It is the normal choice and in a busy
62:37:23class it often looks smart.
62:37:37be honest.
62:37:40How long would you stay with a problem
62:37:43that keeps telling you no?
62:37:57>> Let's turn those ears into voice.
62:38:01>> Would most people move on?
62:38:10He has
62:38:13most people would move on.
62:38:17Is moving on the normal choice or a rare
62:38:22choice?
62:38:28It is the normal choice.
62:38:32Where does moving on often look smart?
62:38:41In a busy class, it often looks smart.
62:38:48>> Now, back to the story.
62:38:52>> Renee stayed.
62:38:55Even though she was confused, she kept
62:38:58typing, testing, and asking why.
62:39:05That was the invisible moment.
62:39:21After about 22 minutes, she understood
62:39:28a line that goes straight up has no
62:39:33normal number for its slope.
62:39:49Okay, questions time. Let's jump into
62:39:52it.
62:39:53>> Did Renee [clears throat] stay
62:39:56even though she was confused?
62:40:07>> Yes.
62:40:09Even though she was confused, she kept
62:40:13typing.
62:40:16Did she understand after 2 minutes
62:40:20or 22?
62:40:28She understood
62:40:30after about 22 minutes
62:40:35what has no normal number for its slope.
62:40:48A line that goes straight up has no
62:40:53normal number for its slope.
62:40:57>> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep
62:40:59moving.
62:41:01>> Although it sounds small, she had worked
62:41:04out an important idea about slope by
62:41:08herself.
62:41:19For the professor, the answer was not
62:41:21the exciting part.
62:41:24How she got there was
62:41:38okay, voice is up. Now, here comes the
62:41:41questions.
62:41:43>> Did she work out an important idea by
62:41:46herself?
62:41:55Yes.
62:41:58Although it sounds small, she had worked
62:42:01out an important idea.
62:42:06Was the answer the exciting part?
62:42:10or how she got there.
62:42:18How she got there was the exciting part.
62:42:23For whom was the answer not the exciting
62:42:27part
62:42:34for the professor. The answer was not
62:42:38the exciting part.
62:42:41>> Now story is calling us. Let's continue.
62:42:45>> That was persistence.
62:42:49She tried failure and tried again
62:42:54although nobody forced her to keep
62:42:57going.
62:43:11Persistence is the heart of learning.
62:43:17Real understanding rarely comes in the
62:43:20first few minutes.
62:43:23It comes to whoever stays.
62:43:40Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to
62:43:42answer the questions?
62:43:44>> Did anybody force her to keep going?
62:43:56No,
62:43:58she kept going
62:44:01although nobody forced her.
62:44:05Is persistence the heart of learning
62:44:09or a small part?
62:44:17Persistence is the heart of learning.
62:44:22Who does real understanding come to?
62:44:32It comes to whoever stays.
62:44:37>> Nice one. Let's continue.
62:44:41>> This matters for English.
62:44:45Every hard grammar point is a line that
62:44:49will not stand straight.
62:45:03Many learners read an explanation once,
62:45:06feel confused, and decide they are just
62:45:11bad at grammar.
62:45:25Awesome. Quiz time. Let's jump into it.
62:45:29Is every hard grammar point like the
62:45:32line?
62:45:41Yes.
62:45:43Every hard grammar point is a line that
62:45:47will not stand straight.
62:45:51Do many learners read an explanation
62:45:54once or many times.
62:46:03Many learners read an explanation once.
62:46:09What do many learners decide?
62:46:18They decide they are just bad at
62:46:21grammar.
62:46:24>> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the
62:46:26story.
62:46:28>> So, picture your next hard question.
62:46:33You feel the old urge to close the book
62:46:36and pick up your phone.
62:46:50This time you set a timer and stay.
62:46:56You read the explanation again, write
62:46:59your own example and test it.
62:47:16Okay, questions time.
62:47:19>> Do you feel the urge to pick up your
62:47:22phone?
62:47:32Yes,
62:47:33I feel the old urge to close the book
62:47:38and pick up my phone
62:47:41this time. Do you close the book or set
62:47:45a timer?
62:47:53This time I set a timer and stay.
62:47:59What do you read again?
62:48:07I read the explanation again.
62:48:11>> Now this is the last part. Let's bring
62:48:14it home.
62:48:16>> When the timer rings, you may still be
62:48:19confused.
62:48:22Even though you did not finish,
62:48:26you stayed longer than most people ever
62:48:29do.
62:48:43And one day, like Renee,
62:48:47you will watch the line stand straight
62:48:51and work out why.
62:49:07Last questions. Finish the story with
62:49:11the best answers possible.
62:49:14Even though you did not finish,
62:49:17did you stay longer?
62:49:27Yes.
62:49:29Even though I did not finish, I stayed
62:49:33longer than most people ever do.
62:49:37When the timer rings, are you sure
62:49:42or still confused?
62:49:50When the timer rings,
62:49:53I may still be confused.
62:49:57What will you work out one day?
62:50:08One day
62:50:10I will work out why the line stands
62:50:14straight.
62:50:22The grammar we practice today although
62:50:26even though although the line kept
62:50:29getting steeper, it never stood
62:50:31completely straight.
62:50:34Even though she was confused, she kept
62:50:37typing, testing, and asking why.
62:50:42Although it sounds small, she had worked
62:50:45out an important idea about slope by
62:50:48herself.
62:50:51She tried, failed, and tried again,
62:50:54although nobody forced her to keep
62:50:56going.
62:51:04Congratulations.
62:51:05You practiced 423
62:51:08words in this story and you learned a
62:51:11lot.
62:51:14Fabulous.
62:51:46That was it.
62:51:50I I really really appreciate you
62:51:53practicing your English and learning
62:51:55something new.
62:51:58Thinking fast and slow.
62:52:01Before the start.
62:52:04>> Before the start from the book Thinking
62:52:08Fast and Slow by Daniel Carnean,
62:52:12psychologist.
62:52:15Pressure.
62:52:17Permission.
62:52:19Nod.
62:52:21Gather.
62:52:23Stay silent.
62:52:26Go quiet.
62:52:29Raise your hand
62:52:31confidently.
62:52:34Flaw.
62:52:37Some smart plans fail for a simple
62:52:42reason.
62:52:44Someone in the room saw the floor and
62:52:48stayed silent.
62:53:03Gary Klene knew this well.
62:53:07He was a psychologist who studied how
62:53:11experts decide under pressure.
62:53:28No one word answer. I don't want you to
62:53:29give me like ah small answers. I want
62:53:31you to give me full sentences aloud. And
62:53:34when you're going to hear and listen to
62:53:36the sentence, repeat it yourself. Okay,
62:53:39let's go.
62:53:41>> Did someone in the room
62:53:44see the floor?
62:53:54Yes.
62:53:56Someone in the room saw the floor
62:54:01and stayed silent.
62:54:04Do smart plans fail for a simple reason
62:54:08or a strange one?
62:54:18Some smart plans fail
62:54:22for a simple reason.
62:54:26What did the psychologist Gary Klene
62:54:29study?
62:54:36He studied how experts decide
62:54:40under pressure.
62:54:44>> Now relax your voice and let's continue
62:54:46listening.
62:54:48>> He had studied fire commanders and
62:54:52others who must choose fast and choose
62:54:56well.
62:55:08He also knew how planning meetings
62:55:11usually go.
62:55:14A team agrees on a plan and moves
62:55:17forward.
62:55:31Okay, questions time.
62:55:34>> Did Klene study fire commanders?
62:55:46Yes,
62:55:48he had studied fire commanders and
62:55:52others who must choose fast.
62:55:56Does a team agree on a plan or argue
62:56:00about it?
62:56:08A team agrees on a plan and moves
62:56:12forward.
62:56:14Who must choose fast and choose well?
62:56:26Fire commanders and others must choose
62:56:31fast and choose well.
62:56:35Great job. Now, back to the story.
62:56:38>> Like many researchers, he saw a common
62:56:42problem.
62:56:44Once a leader has chosen a plan, the
62:56:48doubts go quiet.
62:57:04People who see a flaw feel the pressure
62:57:07to agree.
62:57:10They stay silent so that nobody thinks
62:57:14they are disloyal.
62:57:30Okay, voice is up. Now here comes the
62:57:33questions.
62:57:35>> Do the doubts go quiet
62:57:38once a leader has chosen a plan?
62:57:52Yes.
62:57:54Once a leader has chosen [clears throat]
62:57:57a plan,
62:57:59the doubts go quiet.
62:58:04Do people who see a flaw
62:58:07feel pressure to agree
62:58:11or to argue?
62:58:18They feel the pressure to agree.
62:58:23Why do they stay silent?
62:58:33They stay silent
62:58:35so that nobody thinks they are disloyal.
62:58:41>> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep
62:58:43moving.
62:58:45So the team walks confidently toward a
62:58:49mistake that one person could have seen.
62:59:03Imagine you are in that room.
62:59:06Your manager has announced the big plan
62:59:11and everyone is nodding.
62:59:26Now test yourself.
62:59:29>> Does the team walk confidently
62:59:32toward a mistake?
62:59:42Yes.
62:59:43The team walks confidently toward a
62:59:47mistake.
62:59:49Is everyone nodding
62:59:53or shaking their heads?
63:00:02Everyone is nodding at the big plan.
63:00:08Who has announced [gasps] the big plan?
63:00:18Your manager has announced the big plan.
63:00:24>> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's
63:00:27keep it up and jump into the story.
63:00:31>> You have a small worry.
63:00:36Would you raise your hand and say it?
63:00:41Most people would not.
63:00:57Klene wanted a method in order to bring
63:01:01those quiet worries out early.
63:01:15Let's see what stayed in your mind.
63:01:18Let's go.
63:01:21>> Do you have a big worry?
63:01:30No.
63:01:32You have a small worry.
63:01:36Would you raise your hand
63:01:39or stay silent like most people?
63:01:50Most people would not raise a hand
63:01:55and say it.
63:01:58Why did Klene want a method?
63:02:10He wanted a method in order to bring the
63:02:14quiet worries out early.
63:02:18>> Good job. Let's continue the story.
63:02:22>> His answer sounds strange at first.
63:02:27He decided to ask the team to imagine
63:02:32failure.
63:02:46Just before the final decision,
63:02:50the leader gathers the people who know
63:02:53the plan.
63:03:05Okay, questions time. Let's jump into
63:03:07it.
63:03:09>> Did Klene ask the team to imagine
63:03:13success?
63:03:22No,
63:03:24he decided to ask the team to imagine
63:03:30failure.
63:03:32Does the leader gather people before
63:03:37or after the final decision?
63:03:48The leader gathers the people just
63:03:51before the final decision.
63:03:55Who does the leader gather?
63:04:06The leader gathers the people who know
63:04:10the plan.
63:04:13That was amazing. Now, let's continue
63:04:16and enjoy the story.
63:04:18>> They must pretend the plan is finished
63:04:22and has failed
63:04:25badly.
63:04:35Each person writes down every reason it
63:04:38went wrong so that nobody follows the
63:04:43loudest voice.
63:04:58Here's where you do the talking. Go
63:05:01ahead and talk and build me full
63:05:03sentences.
63:05:05>> Must they pretend the plan has failed?
63:05:17Yes.
63:05:19They must pretend the plan is finished
63:05:23and has failed badly.
63:05:28Does each person write down reasons
63:05:31or shout them out?
63:05:41Each person writes down every reason it
63:05:46went wrong.
63:05:48Why does each person write the reasons
63:05:52down?
63:06:01They write them down so that nobody
63:06:04follows the loudest voice.
63:06:10>> Now back to the story.
63:06:13>> Klene called it a pre-mortem.
63:06:18A post-mortem studies a failure after
63:06:21the end.
63:06:23This comes before the start.
63:06:39Notice what changes.
63:06:43Nobody attacks the leader's plan and
63:06:47nobody just nods.
63:06:51Everyone explains an imagined failure.
63:07:09Now it's yours. Go ahead and talk loudly
63:07:13as much as you can.
63:07:16>> Does anybody
63:07:18just nod now?
63:07:28No,
63:07:30nobody just nods
63:07:33and nobody attacks the leader's plan.
63:07:38Does a premortem come before the start
63:07:43or after the end?
63:07:50A premortem comes before the start.
63:07:56What does everyone
63:07:58explain?
63:08:05Everyone explains
63:08:08an imagined failure.
63:08:12>> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen.
63:08:16Suddenly the doubts have permission to
63:08:20[clears throat] speak.
63:08:22They no longer go quiet
63:08:26and the quiet person has a job.
63:08:43Daniel Carnean, the Nobel Prizewinning
63:08:46psychologist,
63:08:48loved the idea and gave Klene full
63:08:51credit for it.
63:09:06>> Let's hear you. Now it's your turn to
63:09:08speak.
63:09:09>> Do the darts have permission to speak
63:09:12now?
63:09:20>> Yes.
63:09:22Suddenly the doubts have permission to
63:09:24speak.
63:09:26Do the doubts go quiet
63:09:29or does the quiet person speak?
63:09:40The doubts no longer go quiet
63:09:44and the quiet person has a job.
63:09:49What did the psychologist Daniel
63:09:51Carneaman do?
63:10:01He loved the idea
63:10:05and gave Klene full credit for it.
63:10:10>> All right, let's see if you've guessed
63:10:12it right. Let's go to the next part of
63:10:14the story.
63:10:15He once described it at the World
63:10:18Economic Forum in Davos,
63:10:21a meeting of powerful leaders.
63:10:37Afterwards, a company chairman murmured
63:10:40that coming to Davos had been worth it
63:10:43for this alone.
63:10:56Okay, let's pause for a second. Now I'm
63:10:58going to ask you questions. Now it's
63:10:59over to you to answer them.
63:11:02Did Conorman describe the idea at
63:11:06Devils?
63:11:15Yes.
63:11:17He once described it at the World
63:11:20Economic Forum
63:11:23in Davos.
63:11:26Was Davos a meeting of students
63:11:31or powerful leaders?
63:11:41Davos was a meeting
63:11:44of powerful leaders.
63:11:48What did the company chairman murmur?
63:12:00He murmured that coming to Davos had
63:12:04been worth it for this alone.
63:12:10>> Great answers. Let's see what happens
63:12:12now.
63:12:14In thinking fast and slow, Carnean
63:12:18explains that it gives a confident group
63:12:22permission to doubt.
63:12:36Imagine the failure first so that you
63:12:39can stop it from happening.
63:12:50Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and
63:12:52speak.
63:12:54>> Should you imagine the failure
63:12:57first?
63:13:06Yes. Imagine the failure first so that
63:13:12you can stop it from happening.
63:13:15Does the premortem give a confident
63:13:18group permission to doubt
63:13:22or to agree?
63:13:30It gives a confident group permission to
63:13:34doubt.
63:13:36In which book does caraman explain this?
63:13:47He explains it in thinking fast and
63:13:52slow.
63:13:54>> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the
63:13:57story.
63:13:59>> Picture your own next big plan. An exam
63:14:03date, a new study routine, or a move
63:14:07abroad.
63:14:20Take a notebook or gather two friends
63:14:22who know your plan.
63:14:26Pretend it is already over and it has
63:14:29failed.
63:14:43No, the floor is yours. Let's go.
63:14:47>> Should you gather two friends
63:14:50who know your plan?
63:15:01Yes.
63:15:02Take a notebook
63:15:04or gather two friends who know your
63:15:08plan.
63:15:10Is your big plan an exam date
63:15:16or a party?
63:15:25It can be an exam date, a new study
63:15:29routine, or a move abroad.
63:15:34What must you pretend?
63:15:44Pretend your plan is already over and it
63:15:47has failed.
63:15:50>> That's it. This is the last part of the
63:15:51story. Give it your best.
63:15:55>> Then write the reasons [sighs and gasps]
63:15:58honestly.
63:16:01You stopped after two weeks. [gasps]
63:16:04Never raised your hand in class. Never
63:16:08practiced speaking.
63:16:23Now you know the flaws.
63:16:28Fix them today so that you can start
63:16:32confidently.
63:16:45One final question, bro. You've done the
63:16:48whole thing. Now, let's do the final
63:16:50one.
63:16:51>> Should you write the reasons
63:16:54honestly?
63:17:03Yes.
63:17:05Then write the reasons honestly.
63:17:10Did you raise your hand in class
63:17:15or stay silent?
63:17:26You never raised your hand in class and
63:17:29you never practiced speaking.
63:17:34Why should you fix the flaws
63:17:37today?
63:17:45Fix them today
63:17:48so that you can start confidently.
63:17:58The grammar we practice today. so that
63:18:02in order to we stay silent so that
63:18:06nobody thinks they are disloyal.
63:18:10Klene wanted a method in order to bring
63:18:13those quiet worries out early.
63:18:17Each person writes down every reason it
63:18:20went wrong so that nobody follows the
63:18:22loudest voice.
63:18:26Imagine the failure first so that you
63:18:29can stop it from happening.
63:18:37Congratulations.
63:18:39You practiced 422 words in this story
63:18:43and you learned a lot.
63:19:08That's amazing. That's that's such a
63:19:10beautiful opportunity.
63:19:16Outliers.
63:19:30Two brilliant boys. Two brilliant boys
63:19:35from the book Outliers by Malcolm
63:19:38Gladwell.
63:19:41Scholarship.
63:19:43Brilliant
63:19:45intelligence.
63:19:48Guidance
63:19:50background.
63:19:53Break down.
63:19:56Respected.
63:19:58Dean,
63:20:00send in.
63:20:03Get into.
63:20:07Two boys,
63:20:09two brilliant minds.
63:20:13Both were rare
63:20:17and their lives went very different
63:20:20ways.
63:20:34The first boy, Chris Langan,
63:20:37came from a poor background and a
63:20:40difficult home in Montana.
63:20:53No one word answer. I don't want you to
63:20:55give me like ah small answers. I want
63:20:57you to give me full sentences aloud. And
63:21:00when you're gonna hear and listen to the
63:21:02sentence, repeat it yourself. Okay,
63:21:05let's go.
63:21:07>> Were both minds
63:21:10rare?
63:21:19Yes.
63:21:20Two brilliant minds and both were rare.
63:21:26Did Chris Langan come from a rich
63:21:29background
63:21:31or a poor one?
63:21:40He came from a poor background
63:21:42[gasps and sighs]
63:21:43and a difficult home.
63:21:46Where did the first boy grow up?
63:21:56He came from a difficult home
63:21:59in Montana.
63:22:03Great answers. Let's see what happens
63:22:05now.
63:22:07>> Tests have put his IQ at about
63:22:11195,
63:22:12higher than almost anyone ever tested.
63:22:28He won a full scholarship to Reed
63:22:31College, a respected university in
63:22:34Oregon.
63:22:45>> Okay, questions time. Let's jump into
63:22:47it.
63:22:48Did Langan win a full scholarship?
63:23:00Yes, he won a full scholarship to Reed
63:23:05College.
63:23:07Was Reed College a respected university
63:23:12or a small school?
63:23:21Reed College was a respected university
63:23:25in Oregon.
63:23:28What is his IQ according to tests?
63:23:40tests have put his IQ at about
63:23:45195.
63:23:48>> Here's on. Now let's come to the next
63:23:50part.
63:23:52>> Then a simple form went wrong.
63:23:58His mother [snorts] had to send in
63:23:59financial information
63:24:02and never did.
63:24:17The university did not chase it.
63:24:21His scholarship was taken away and he
63:24:25left.
63:24:37Okay, voice is up. Now, here comes the
63:24:40questions.
63:24:42>> Did his mother send in the financial
63:24:45information?
63:24:54No,
63:24:57his mother had to send it in.
63:25:00and never did.
63:25:03Did did the university chase the form
63:25:07or forget it?
63:25:13The university
63:25:15did not chase it.
63:25:18What happened to his scholarship?
63:25:24His
63:25:28scholarship was taken away
63:25:32and he left.
63:25:35>> Nice one. Let's continue.
63:25:38>> Later he tried again in Montana.
63:25:42Then his old car broke down.
63:25:55He could not reach his morning classes.
63:25:58So he asked to move to afternoon ones.
63:26:12Let's turn those ears into voice.
63:26:17Did his old [sighs and gasps] car break
63:26:20down?
63:26:29Yes.
63:26:31His old car broke down
63:26:36in Montana.
63:26:38Did he ask for morning classes
63:26:43or afternoon ones?
63:26:52He asked to move to afternoon classes.
63:26:58Why could he not reach his classes?
63:27:05His
63:27:11old car broke down
63:27:14so he could not reach his morning
63:27:16classes.
63:27:19>> Now Story's calling us. Let's continue.
63:27:23>> Neither his advisor nor the dean would
63:27:27help.
63:27:29Both said no, and nobody offered another
63:27:33way.
63:27:45He left university for good, worked on
63:27:49farms and building sites
63:27:52and studied alone.
63:28:06Spotlight now is on you. I want you to
63:28:08answer the questions by actually
63:28:12talking. Let's go.
63:28:14>> Would either his advisor
63:28:17or the dean help?
63:28:28No.
63:28:30Neither his advisor nor the dean would
63:28:33help.
63:28:35Did both say yes
63:28:38or did both say no?
63:28:48Both said no
63:28:50and nobody offered another way.
63:28:55What did he do after he left university?
63:29:08He worked on farms and building sites
63:29:12and studied alone.
63:29:16>> Now, back to the story.
63:29:19>> The second boy is Robert Oppenheimimer.
63:29:25Just as brilliant,
63:29:27one of the brightest minds of his time.
63:29:44His background was a rich family in New
63:29:47York.
63:29:50He learned early to speak to adults with
63:29:54confidence.
63:30:09>> All right, time to prove your focusing.
63:30:12Let's jump into it. Was Oenheimimer
63:30:17just as brilliant?
63:30:26Yes,
63:30:28he was just as brilliant,
63:30:32one of the brightest minds of his time.
63:30:36Was his background a rich family
63:30:40or a poor one? His
63:30:49background was a rich family in New
63:30:53York.
63:30:55What did he learn early?
63:31:05He learned early to speak to adults with
63:31:10confidence. Awesome.
63:31:13Great job. Let's keep up the story.
63:31:17>> At university in England, he got into
63:31:20serious trouble that could have ended
63:31:24his studies.
63:31:35His parents talked to the university and
63:31:38he was allowed to stay.
63:31:42He watched how they did it.
63:31:57Now it's yours. Go ahead and talk loudly
63:32:01as much as you can.
63:32:04>> Did Oenheimer get into serious trouble
63:32:08in England?
63:32:17Yes,
63:32:19he got into serious trouble that could
63:32:23have ended his studies.
63:32:27Did his parents talk to the university
63:32:32or stay silent?
63:32:36His
63:32:42parents talked to the university
63:32:46and he was allowed to stay.
63:32:51What did the young Oenheimimer watch?
63:33:00He watched how his parents did it.
63:33:06Good job. Let's continue the story.
63:33:10>> Years later, he persuaded a respected
63:33:13army general to put him in charge of a
63:33:17huge secret project.
63:33:33You may say this is not fair.
63:33:37One boy had money, the other had almost
63:33:40none.
63:33:52>> Okay, speaking time. Speak your mind.
63:33:56>> Did he persuade a respected army general
63:34:08Yes,
63:34:10he persuaded a respected army general to
63:34:15put him in charge.
63:34:18Did both boys have money
63:34:22or only one?
63:34:30One boy had money. The other had almost
63:34:35none.
63:34:38What may you say about this?
63:34:47You may say this is not fair.
63:34:53>> Okay. Now listening mode.
63:34:56It is true
63:34:59in Outliers, Malcolm Gladwell agrees
63:35:03that family background matters.
63:35:18His point is that Oppenheimer got
63:35:20guidance at home that Langan never got.
63:35:33No, the floor is yours. Let's go.
63:35:36>> Does Gladwell agree that family
63:35:40background
63:35:42matters?
63:35:51Yes.
63:35:53In Outliers,
63:35:55Malcolm Gladwell agrees that family
63:35:58background matters.
63:36:01Did Oppenheimer
63:36:04or Langan
63:36:05get guidance at home?
63:36:15Oppenheimer got guidance at home that
63:36:19Langan never got.
63:36:22In which book does Gladwell [gasps] make
63:36:25this point?
63:36:32He makes this point in Outliers.
63:36:37>> All right, let's see if you've guessed
63:36:39it right. Let's go to the next part of
63:36:41the story.
63:36:42>> He calls the skill practical
63:36:46intelligence.
63:36:48Knowing what to say to whom
63:36:52and how to ask
63:37:08both boys had intelligence.
63:37:13[clears throat] Only one knew how to
63:37:16talk to the people behind the doors.
63:37:34>> Awesome. Now it's speaking turn.
63:37:37>> Did both boys have intelligence?
63:37:47Yes,
63:37:49both boys had intelligence.
63:37:53Did both boys know how to talk to the
63:37:56people behind the doors
63:37:59or only one?
63:38:03[clears throat]
63:38:08Only one knew how to talk.
63:38:12to the people behind the doors.
63:38:17What does Gladwell
63:38:19call the skill?
63:38:27He calls the skill practical
63:38:31intelligence.
63:38:34>> Now relax your voice and let's continue
63:38:37listening.
63:38:39Today, Langan lives on a horse farm in
63:38:43Missouri,
63:38:45still thinking and writing alone,
63:38:58a form, and a car that broke down.
63:39:05Neither problem needed a genius.
63:39:09Only a way to ask.
63:39:27Now the table's turn. I'm going to ask
63:39:30you questions. You're going to do the
63:39:31talking. Let's go.
63:39:33Did either problem need a genius?
63:39:46No.
63:39:48Neither problem needed a genius.
63:39:52Only a way to ask,
63:39:55does Langan live in a city
63:39:59or on a horse farm?
63:40:07Langan lives on a horse farm in
63:40:10Missouri.
63:40:12[clears throat] What does Langan still
63:40:15do today?
63:40:23He is still thinking
63:40:26and writing alone.
63:40:30See, English is already coming out of
63:40:33you. Now listen and let's continue.
63:40:36>> A brilliant mind needs practical skills
63:40:41and good guidance
63:40:44or it can stay hidden.
63:40:58This skill can be learned and English is
63:41:01a great place to practice it.
63:41:13No pressure. Um, honestly, a little bit
63:41:16pressure. I want you to answer the
63:41:18questions in full sentences.
63:41:22>> Can this skill be learned?
63:41:32Yes,
63:41:33this skill can be learned.
63:41:38Does a brilliant mind need good guidance
63:41:42or only talent?
63:41:52A brilliant mind needs practical skills
63:41:56and good guidance.
63:42:00Where can you practice this skill?
63:42:08English is a great place to practice it.
63:42:14>> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep
63:42:17moving.
63:42:18When you get into trouble with a form, a
63:42:21class, or a dean,
63:42:24use a simple recipe.
63:42:36First, explain your problem in one clear
63:42:40sentence.
63:42:43Next, give your reason and offer two
63:42:48solutions.
63:43:03Now, test yourself.
63:43:06>> Should you use a simple recipe when you
63:43:09get into trouble?
63:43:12>> [clears throat]
63:43:19>> Yes.
63:43:20When you get into trouble, use a simple
63:43:24recipe.
63:43:26Should you explain your problem in a
63:43:29long story
63:43:31or one clear sentence?
63:43:41Explain your problem in one clear
63:43:46sentence.
63:43:48What should you offer
63:43:58next? Give your reason and offer two
63:44:03solutions.
63:44:06>> That's it. This is the last part of the
63:44:08story. Give it your best.
63:44:11>> Either one should make it easy to say
63:44:14yes.
63:44:17>> Then send in your request.
63:44:31If the answer is still no, ask one more
63:44:36question.
63:44:39What can I do instead?
63:44:55Here's the last questions. I want you to
63:44:58give them everything you've got. Should
63:45:02either solution make it easy to say yes.
63:45:14Yes.
63:45:16Either one should make it easy to say
63:45:19yes.
63:45:22Should you send in your request
63:45:25or keep it?
63:45:31Then send in your request.
63:45:35What should you ask if the answer is
63:45:38still no?
63:45:48Ask one more question.
63:45:53What can I do instead?
63:46:03the grammar we practice today. Both,
63:46:07either, neither. Both were rare and
63:46:11their lives went very different ways.
63:46:16Neither his adviser nor the dean would
63:46:18help.
63:46:21Both said no, and nobody offered another
63:46:24way.
63:46:27Both boys had intelligence.
63:46:36Congratulations.
63:46:38You practiced 427
63:46:41words in this story and you learned a
63:46:43lot.
63:46:46Super proud of you.
63:46:58This is great. Let's give it up.
63:47:15growth mindset.
63:47:32It's It's such a great book.
63:47:42The coach who rarely said win. The coach
63:47:47who rarely said win from the book
63:47:51mindset by Carol S. Dwick.
63:47:55Preparation.
63:47:57Talented.
63:47:59Mention
63:48:02constantly.
63:48:04Trophy.
63:48:06Fold.
63:48:09Peace.
63:48:11Put on
63:48:14blister.
63:48:16Band.
63:48:19Picture. A great coach.
63:48:24He shouts at talented players,
63:48:29walks up and down and talks about
63:48:32winning all day.
63:48:48Popular stories love this coach.
63:48:53In the last minute, his loud speech
63:48:57gives the team new strength.
63:49:03[cheering]
63:49:14Now, we're going to hear a question. I
63:49:17want you to answer it loudly in full
63:49:21sentences. Okay, let's go.
63:49:25>> Does the coach in the popular picture
63:49:28shout at talented players?
63:49:39Yes,
63:49:41he shouts at talented players
63:49:46and talks about winning all day.
63:49:51Does his loud speech come in the first
63:49:54minute or the last minute?
63:50:06In the last minute,
63:50:10his loud speech gives the team new
63:50:13strength.
63:50:16What does this coach talk about all day?
63:50:28He talks about winning
63:50:31all day long.
63:50:35>> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's
63:50:38keep it up and jump into the story.
63:50:42>> Winning is the goal.
63:50:44So surely the best coaches talk about it
63:50:49constantly.
63:51:00I think the real story is more useful
63:51:04and far less noisy.
63:51:11His
63:51:18name was John Wooden and he coached
63:51:21basketball at UCLA in Los Angeles.
63:51:36>> Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and
63:51:38speak.
63:51:40Do we think the best coaches talk about
63:51:44winning constantly?
63:51:54Yes,
63:51:57surely the best coaches talk about
63:52:00winning constantly.
63:52:04Is the real story more noisy or less
63:52:10noisy?
63:52:18The real story is more useful and far
63:52:22less noisy.
63:52:25Where did John Wooden coach basketball?
63:52:38He coached basketball
63:52:41at UCLA
63:52:43in Los Angeles.
63:52:46>> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep
63:52:49moving.
63:52:50>> His teams won 10 national championships
63:52:56in 12 seasons.
63:52:59Seven of them in a row.
63:53:04[cheering]
63:53:16So you might expect him to talk about
63:53:18winning constantly.
63:53:22He later said he almost never mentioned
63:53:27it.
63:53:42All right, time to prove you're
63:53:44focusing. Let's jump into it.
63:53:47Did Wooden often
63:53:51mention winning?
63:54:01No.
63:54:03He later said he almost never mentioned
63:54:06it.
63:54:09Did his teams win 10 championships
63:54:14or two? His
63:54:24teams won 10 national championships
63:54:29in 12 seasons.
63:54:33How many of those championships
63:54:36came in a row?
63:54:43Seven of them came in a row.
63:54:47Great job. Now, back to the story.
63:54:51>> Instead,
63:54:52he was interested in two things from his
63:54:55players.
63:54:58Complete preparation
63:55:02and complete effort
63:55:05every day.
63:55:20He was careful with his own preparation
63:55:22too, planning each practice minute by
63:55:27minute.
63:55:39Every sentence,
63:55:41speak it out loud. Okay, let's go.
63:55:44>> Was Wooden interested
63:55:47in winning?
63:55:56No,
63:55:58he was interested in complete
63:56:01preparation
63:56:02and complete effort.
63:56:06Was he careful with his own preparation
63:56:10or careless?
63:56:18He was careful with his own preparation
63:56:21too.
63:56:24How did he plan each practice?
63:56:34He planned each practice minute by
63:56:37minute.
63:56:40>> Okay. Now, listening mode.
63:56:43On the first day of the season,
63:56:47he even taught new players how to put on
63:56:51their socks.
63:57:05Some talented players thought it was a
63:57:08joke.
63:57:10They came to play [laughter] basketball,
63:57:14not to learn about socks.
63:57:31>> Great speaking time. Now, let's jump
63:57:34into the speaking time.
63:57:38Did he teach new players how to put on
63:57:41their socks?
63:57:50Yes,
63:57:52he even taught new players how to put on
63:57:56their socks.
63:57:58Did the talented players think it was a
63:58:01joke
63:58:03or a great idea?
63:58:11Some talented players thought it was a
63:58:14joke.
63:58:16Why did the players
63:58:18come?
63:58:26They came to play basketball,
63:58:29not to learn about socks.
63:58:34Now story is calling us. Let's continue.
63:58:38>> His reason was simple.
63:58:41A fold in a sock causes a blister.
63:58:48And a player with a blister cannot play
63:58:51well.
63:59:06Each player learned to put on his socks
63:59:09slowly,
63:59:11smoothing every fold at the heel and
63:59:15toes.
63:59:29Let's see what stayed in your mind.
63:59:32Let's go.
63:59:34>> Does a fold in a sock cause a blister?
63:59:47Yes.
63:59:49A fold in a sock causes a blister.
63:59:55Did the players put on their socks fast
64:00:00or slowly?
64:00:08Each player learned to put on his socks
64:00:12slowly.
64:00:15What can a player with a blister not do?
64:00:26A player with a blister
64:00:29cannot play well.
64:00:33>> Here's odd. Now let's come to the next
64:00:34part.
64:00:36>> Take care of the small things he
64:00:39believed and the big things have a
64:00:43better chance of following
64:00:57in mindset. Carol Dwick holds him up as
64:01:01a clear example of a growth mindset.
64:01:18>> Awesome. Now it's speaking turn.
64:01:22>> Did Wooden believe in the small things?
64:01:34Yes.
64:01:36Take care of the small things
64:01:39and the big things have a better chance.
64:01:44Does Carol Dwek call him an example of a
64:01:48growth mindset
64:01:50or a fixed mindset?
64:02:00She holds him up as a clear example of a
64:02:05growth mindset.
64:02:08In which book does Dwek write about him?
64:02:17She writes about him in mindset.
64:02:23So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen.
64:02:27>> She explains that he judged his players
64:02:30by their full effort, not by the score.
64:02:43He describes success as peace of mind
64:02:47from knowing you did your best to become
64:02:52your best.
64:02:55[clears throat]
64:03:06Okay, questions time. Let's jump into
64:03:08it.
64:03:10>> Did he judge his players
64:03:13by the score?
64:03:23No.
64:03:25He judged his players by their full
64:03:27effort,
64:03:29not by the score.
64:03:32Did he describe success as peace of mind
64:03:39or as a trophy?
64:03:48He described success
64:03:51as peace of mind.
64:03:56Where does that peace of mind come from?
64:04:07It comes from knowing you did your best
64:04:11to become your best.
64:04:16>> That was amazing. Now, let's continue
64:04:18and enjoy the story.
64:04:21>> Now, the part people rarely mention.
64:04:26His first national trophy took him 16
64:04:31seasons at UCLA.
64:04:47For years, his team practiced in a
64:04:50crowded, dark gym shared with wrestlers
64:04:55and gymnasts.
64:05:08Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to
64:05:10answer the questions?
64:05:12>> Did his first national trophy come
64:05:15quickly?
64:05:24No.
64:05:25His first national trophy took him 16
64:05:29seasons.
64:05:31Was the gym bright or dark?
64:05:37His
64:05:42team practiced in a crowded dark gym.
64:05:47Who shared the gym with his team?
64:05:59Wrestlers and gymnasts
64:06:02shared the gym with his team.
64:06:06See, English is already coming out of
64:06:09you. Now listen and let's continue.
64:06:13>> The trophies
64:06:15did not come.
64:06:18He stayed focused on the work anyway,
64:06:23one careful practice at a time.
64:06:40Learning English works the same way.
64:06:45It is easy to stare at the score,
64:06:49forget the work,
64:06:52and lose your peace.
64:07:08That's amazing. Now you want to speak
64:07:10what you have read and listened.
64:07:13>> Did he stay focused on the work when the
64:07:18trophies did not come?
64:07:27Yes,
64:07:28he stayed focused on the work anyway.
64:07:34Is it easy to stare at the score
64:07:39or at the work?
64:07:47It is easy to stare at the score and
64:07:51forget the work.
64:07:54What can you lose when you stare at the
64:07:57score?
64:08:03You can lose your peace.
64:08:08>> All right, let's see if you've guessed
64:08:10it right. Let's go to the next part of
64:08:12the story.
64:08:14>> You check your band and feel proud of it
64:08:18or ashamed of it.
64:08:22Neither feeling improves your listening.
64:08:39Wooden's record says something calmer
64:08:42than the myth.
64:08:46Effort is the part you control
64:08:50and the score usually follows.
64:09:07>> Now the floor is yours. Let's go.
64:09:11Does feeling proud of your band improve
64:09:14your listening?
64:09:22No.
64:09:24Neither feeling improves your listening.
64:09:28Do you feel proud of your band
64:09:33or ashamed of it?
64:09:40You feel proud of it or ashamed of it.
64:09:45Which part do you control?
64:09:56Effort is the part you control
64:10:02and the score usually follows.
64:10:07That's it. This is the last part of a
64:10:08story. Give it your best.
64:10:11>> After your next study session, don't ask
64:10:15about your band
64:10:17or whether you are good at English yet.
64:10:30ask the question his whole method points
64:10:34to.
64:10:37Did I prepare fully today
64:10:41and did I give full effort?
64:10:58Awesome. This is the final questions for
64:11:01this one. Go ahead. I don't want you to
64:11:03leave anything on the table. Try to
64:11:05answer every single question. Go ahead.
64:11:08Should you ask whether you are good at
64:11:12English yet?
64:11:21No.
64:11:23Don't ask whether you are good at
64:11:27English yet.
64:11:30Should you ask about your band
64:11:34or about your preparation?
64:11:45Ask if you prepared fully today and gave
64:11:50full effort.
64:11:53What question should you ask after your
64:11:56next study session?
64:12:07Did I prepare fully today?
64:12:10And did I give full effort?
64:12:21The grammar we practice today, adjective
64:12:24plus preposition. Instead, he was
64:12:27interested in two things from his
64:12:29players. Complete preparation and
64:12:32complete effort every day.
64:12:37He was careful with his own preparation
64:12:39too, planning each practice minute by
64:12:42minute.
64:12:45He stayed focused on the work anyway,
64:12:48one careful practice at a time.
64:12:53You check your band and feel proud of it
64:12:56or ashamed of it.
64:13:05Congratulations.
64:13:07You practiced 422
64:13:10words in this story and you learned a
64:13:12lot.
64:13:32TPRS, comprehensible input, Dr. passion.
64:13:34A lot of things
64:13:48that's that this is the right way.
64:13:50That's amazing.
64:14:08feeling.
64:14:26for
64:14:53Hello.
64:15:00Mhm.
64:15:34Hello.
64:15:36Mhm.
64:15:39foreign.
64:15:52Hello.
64:15:57Hello.
64:16:06for
64:16:29Practice. Practice makes perfect.
64:16:39Who
64:16:44Uh
64:17:07Hello.
64:17:29Mhm.
64:17:41Hello.
64:17:48Mhm.
64:18:11Hello.
64:18:20Uh
64:18:33hello.
64:18:43foreign.
64:18:55Mhm.
64:19:04Hello.
64:19:12Hello.
64:19:15Hello.
64:19:26Piece of cake.
64:19:40foreign.
64:20:13I'm
64:20:59Uh oh.
64:21:01speaking. Mhm.
64:21:04Mhm.
64:21:28Hello.
64:21:32important significant crucial.
64:21:44Hello. Hello.
64:21:58for
64:21:59you.
64:22:14Ah, hello.
64:22:25foreign.
64:22:48Hey
64:23:13Writing. Writing. Writing.
64:23:18writing.
64:23:27Task one. Task two. Task one.
64:23:37Mhm.
64:23:59Hello.
64:24:00Task one.
64:24:28Hello. Hello. Hello.
64:24:35How do
64:24:42by chart histogram? from
64:24:53Hello.
64:25:06Task two. Task one.
64:25:20Hello.
64:25:22Alhamdulillah.
64:25:38Are you
64:26:00handch
64:26:14Are youch
64:26:52eyelids.
64:27:07Are you
64:27:18speaking?
64:27:30Uhhuh. Hello.
64:27:42Alhamdulillah. Speaking. Hello.
64:27:53foreign.
64:28:03Mhm.
64:28:13Mhm.
64:28:21New York.
64:28:30Alhamdulillah.
64:28:35Alhamdulillah.
64:29:02English.
64:29:21Mhm.
64:29:33Hello.
64:30:16I hear you.
64:30:41Uhchech.
64:31:05speaking.
64:31:13Mhm.
64:31:31Maze.
64:31:53Mhm.
64:31:57Hello.
64:32:17Restart.
64:32:37Oh,
64:32:41so we will
64:32:44for
64:33:06reading.
64:33:15Hello.
64:33:25Overall,
64:34:03Alhamdulillah.
64:34:10fordulah.
64:34:38here.
64:34:56was shech.
64:35:31Mah.
64:35:33Awesome.
64:35:52speaking skills.
64:36:20and so on.
64:36:36Awake the giant within.
64:37:17social media. Yeah.
64:37:30Alhamdulillah.
64:37:49Three rings out of 50.
64:37:52>> Three rings out of 50 from the book
64:37:56Awaken the Giant Within by Tony Robbins.
64:38:01Mechanic.
64:38:03Determined.
64:38:06Reject.
64:38:08Destroy.
64:38:11Earthquake.
64:38:13Application.
64:38:15Bicycle.
64:38:18Behave.
64:38:20Bring down.
64:38:23Left over.
64:38:26No.
64:38:29No,
64:38:31no.
64:38:34Suichiro Honda heard that word so often
64:38:38that it could have become his whole
64:38:41story.
64:38:56In Awaken the Giant Within,
64:39:00Tony Robbins uses his life to show what
64:39:04one determined person can survive.
64:39:22That's amazing. I want you to listen to
64:39:25the questions and answer in sentences.
64:39:29Build full sentences, not just words.
64:39:31Okay, let's go.
64:39:34Did Honda hear the word no
64:39:38often?
64:39:47Yes,
64:39:49he heard that word so often that it
64:39:53could have become his whole story.
64:39:57Was Honda a lazy person
64:40:01or a determined person?
64:40:11Tony Robbins uses his life to show what
64:40:15one determined person can survive.
64:40:20Which book tells his story?
64:40:32Awaken the giant within by Tony Robbins
64:40:37tells his story.
64:40:41All right, let's see if you've guessed
64:40:42it right. Let's go to the next part of
64:40:44the story.
64:40:46In the late 1930s,
64:40:48the young mechanic had one dream
64:40:52to make piston rings for Toyota.
64:41:09A piston ring is a small metal circle
64:41:13inside an engine.
64:41:16Making a good one is very hard.
64:41:32>> Did that make sense? Now, let's check.
64:41:36>> Was the young Honda a mechanic?
64:41:47Yes.
64:41:49In the late 1930s,
64:41:51the young mechanic had one dream.
64:41:56Is a piston ring a big metal box
64:42:01or a small metal circle?
64:42:11A piston ring is a small metal circle
64:42:15inside an engine.
64:42:18What was his dream?
64:42:27His dream was to make piston rings for
64:42:31Toyota.
64:42:34>> Good job. Let's continue the story.
64:42:37He put his money and time into a small
64:42:40workshop.
64:42:42He worked day and night and often slept
64:42:46there.
64:42:58At first it went badly.
64:43:02Toyota tested 50 of his rings and only
64:43:07three passed.
64:43:22>> Awesome. Quiz time. Let's jump into it.
64:43:26>> Did it go well at first?
64:43:35No.
64:43:37At first it went badly.
64:43:41Did he work only in the day or day and
64:43:46night?
64:43:54He worked day and night and often slept
64:43:59there.
64:44:01How many of the 50 rings passed?
64:44:08Only three passed.
64:44:12Great job. Now, back to the story.
64:44:16>> Read that number again.
64:44:21Three out of 50.
64:44:24Toyota rejected the rings
64:44:28and the contract was gone.
64:44:44Instead of stopping, the mechanic went
64:44:47back to school to learn how metal really
64:44:50behaves.
64:45:02Let's see what stayed in your mind.
64:45:05Let's go.
64:45:07>> Did Toyota
64:45:09reject the rings?
64:45:20Yes.
64:45:22Toyota rejected the rings
64:45:26and the contract was gone.
64:45:30Did the mechanic stop
64:45:33or go back to school.
64:45:43Instead of stopping, the [gasps]
64:45:45mechanic went back to school.
64:45:49What did he learn at school?
64:45:59He went to learn how metal really
64:46:04behaves.
64:46:07>> Now story is calling us. Let's continue.
64:46:13>> Some people [clears throat] laugh today.
64:46:18>> [laughter]
64:46:18>> He stayed determined
64:46:22and he kept testing new rings.
64:46:38Eventually his rings were good enough.
64:46:43Toyota said yes and his factory began to
64:46:49grow.
64:47:04Now the table's turn. I'm going to ask
64:47:07you questions. You're going to do the
64:47:09talking. Let's go.
64:47:11Were his rings
64:47:13eventually good enough?
64:47:23Yes.
64:47:25Eventually his rings were good enough.
64:47:31Did he give up
64:47:33or stay determined?
64:47:43He stayed determined and he kept testing
64:47:47new rings.
64:47:50What did some people do at his ideas?
64:48:02Some people laughed at [clears throat]
64:48:04his ideas.
64:48:07So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen.
64:48:11>> Then the war reached Japan's cities.
64:48:17In 1944,
64:48:19bombs destroyed one of his factories.
64:48:36The next year, an earthquake brought
64:48:38down another one.
64:48:42Years of building were gone.
64:48:58>> Great speaking time. Now, let's jump
64:49:01into the speaking time.
64:49:05Did bombs destroy one of his factories?
64:49:17Yes.
64:49:19In 1944,
64:49:22bombs destroyed one of his factories.
64:49:27Did a fire or an earthquake bring down
64:49:31the other factory?
64:49:38An earthquake brought down another one.
64:49:43What was gone after the earthquake?
64:49:47[clears throat]
64:49:51Years of building were gone.
64:49:56>> Now relax your voice and let's continue
64:49:59listening.
64:50:01>> No.
64:50:02No, no.
64:50:06First the bombs, then the earthquake.
64:50:11It seemed that life itself was giving
64:50:15the answer.
64:50:30So he sold what was left to Toyota
64:50:35for about a year. He rested and waited.
64:50:52Let's hear you. Now it's your turn to
64:50:54speak.
64:50:55>> Did he keep his factories?
64:51:07No.
64:51:09He sold what was left
64:51:12to Toyota.
64:51:16Did he rest for a year
64:51:19or for 10 years?
64:51:26For about a year he rested and waited.
64:51:31What seemed to be giving the answer?
64:51:43It seemed that life itself
64:51:47was giving the answer.
64:51:51Great answers. Let's see what happens
64:51:53now.
64:51:55>> After the war, Japan had very little
64:51:58fuel.
64:52:00Buses and trains were full and people
64:52:05struggled to travel.
64:52:20Honda found some small engines left over
64:52:24from the war.
64:52:26He fixed one to an ordinary bicycle.
64:52:44>> Awesome. Now it's speaking turn.
64:52:48Did Japan have a lot of fuel after the
64:52:51war?
64:52:59No.
64:53:02After the war, Japan had very little
64:53:05fuel.
64:53:07Did he fix the engine to a car or to a
64:53:12bicycle?
64:53:19He fixed one to an ordinary bicycle.
64:53:24What did Honda find?
64:53:36He found some small engines left over
64:53:40from the war.
64:53:44Now, back to the story.
64:53:47>> Suddenly, a bicycle could take a person
64:53:50across town without hard pedaling.
64:53:55Neighbors saw it and they wanted one,
64:53:58too.
64:54:12At last the answer was not no.
64:54:18It was yes again and again.
64:54:35Okay, let's pause for a second. Now I'm
64:54:38going to ask you questions. Now it's
64:54:39over to you to answer them.
64:54:42Did the neighbors want a bicycle like
64:54:45his?
64:54:53Yes.
64:54:55Neighbors saw it and they wanted one
64:54:58too.
64:55:00At last was the answer no
64:55:05or yes.
64:55:13At last the answer was yes again and
64:55:17again.
64:55:19What could a bicycle do now?
64:55:30It could take a person across town
64:55:34without hard peddling.
64:55:39>> That was amazing. Now, let's continue
64:55:41and enjoy the story.
64:55:44>> In 1946,
64:55:46he started a small research company.
64:55:51Its first products were those motorized
64:55:55bicycles.
64:56:09In the end, that little company became
64:56:14Honda,
64:56:16a world leader in cars and motorcycles.
64:56:35No pressure. Um, honestly, a little bit
64:56:38pressure. I want you to answer the
64:56:40questions in full sentences.
64:56:44>> Did he start a small research company
64:56:49in 1946?
64:56:59Yes.
64:57:02In 1946,
64:57:04he started a small research company.
64:57:11Were its first products cars
64:57:16or motorized bicycles?
64:57:27Its first products
64:57:30were those motorized bicycles.
64:57:35What did the little company become
64:57:38in the end?
64:57:47In the end, it became
64:57:51Honda.
64:57:53a world leader in cars and motorcycles.
64:57:59>> Here's Odd. Now, let's come to the next
64:58:01part.
64:58:02>> Look at his story again.
64:58:06The failures did not bring down the
64:58:10builder.
64:58:12They were part of the building.
64:58:28The rejected rings sent him back to
64:58:31study how metal behaves.
64:58:35The destroyed factories taught him to
64:58:39start again with what was left over.
64:58:57Now test yourself.
64:59:00>> Did the failures
64:59:02bring down the builder?
64:59:12No.
64:59:14The failures did not bring down the
64:59:18builder.
64:59:20Were the failures
64:59:22part of the building
64:59:25or the end of it?
64:59:31They were part of the building.
64:59:36What did the destroyed factories
64:59:39teach him?
64:59:47They taught him to start again with what
64:59:51was left over.
64:59:54>> Now this is the last part. Let's bring
64:59:56it home.
64:59:58>> Every no gave him something he used
65:00:02later,
65:00:04even when it did not feel like a gift.
65:00:19This month, someone may have told you
65:00:22no.
65:00:24a low score or an application that came
65:00:28back.
65:00:41Good.
65:00:44It means you are building something.
65:00:49Keep your workshop open and send your
65:00:53next application [clears throat]
65:00:55with one thing changed.
65:01:11>> One final question, bro. You've done the
65:01:14whole thing. Now, let's do the final
65:01:16one.
65:01:17Did every know give him something?
65:01:29Yes.
65:01:31Every no gave him something he used
65:01:36later.
65:01:39Is a rejected application the end or
65:01:43does it mean you are building something?
65:01:53It means you are building something.
65:01:58What should you send with one thing
65:02:02changed?
65:02:11Send your next application
65:02:15with one thing changed.
65:02:25The grammar we practice today at first
65:02:29eventually in the end at first it went
65:02:33badly.
65:02:36Eventually, his rings were good enough.
65:02:41At last, the answer was not no.
65:02:47In the end, that little company became
65:02:51Honda, a world leader in cars and
65:02:54motorcycles.
65:03:02Congratulations.
65:03:04You practiced 423
65:03:06words in this story and you learned a
65:03:09lot.
65:03:11>> That's another story in your pocket.
65:03:19And you know, stories stick.
65:03:25Awesome.
65:03:35Lincoln, the unknown.
65:03:38Dale Carnegie,
65:03:45Abraham Lincoln.
65:03:56Let's jump into the story which is going
65:03:59to be about the national debt.
65:04:03>> The national debt from the book Lincoln
65:04:06the Unknown by Dale Cariegi.
65:04:10Repay.
65:04:12Repay.
65:04:14Repay.
65:04:16Earn a living.
65:04:19Repay
65:04:22every day.
65:04:24Repay.
65:04:26Repay
65:04:29every day.
65:04:31Repay.
65:04:34At 23,
65:04:37a tall young man in a small Illinois
65:04:41village
65:04:43became the part owner of a shop.
65:04:59He had almost no money.
65:05:01[sighs and gasps]
65:05:03He and his partner William Bry bought
65:05:07the store with promises to pay later.
65:05:25No one word answer. I don't want you to
65:05:27give me like ah small answers. I want
65:05:29you to give me full sentences aloud and
65:05:31when you're going to hear and listen to
65:05:33the sentence, repeat it yourself. Okay,
65:05:37let's go.
65:05:38Did the young man become the part owner
65:05:42of a shop?
65:05:52Yes.
65:05:54At 23,
65:05:56he became the part owner of a shop.
65:06:02Was the shop in a big city or a small
65:06:06village? [clears throat]
65:06:12The shop was in a small Illinois
65:06:16village.
65:06:18How did the partners buy the store?
65:06:30They bought the store with promises to
65:06:34pay later.
65:06:37>> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the
65:06:40story.
65:06:42>> The village was New Salem
65:06:45and the tall young man was
65:06:49Abraham Lincoln.
65:07:01The shop sold everyday goods to farmers.
65:07:06Lincoln liked the customers and he loved
65:07:10reading behind the counter.
65:07:25Great. Speaking time. Now, let's jump
65:07:28into the speaking time.
65:07:32>> Did the shop sell everyday goods?
65:07:43Yes.
65:07:45The shop sold everyday goods to farmers.
65:07:52Was selling goods his gift or was
65:07:57reading his love?
65:08:06Selling goods was not his gift, and he
65:08:10loved reading behind the counter.
65:08:15What was the name of the village?
65:08:22The village was New Salem.
65:08:27>> Now, Story's calling us. Let's continue.
65:08:32>> Selling goods was not his gift, though.
65:08:36There were other shops nearby,
65:08:39and customers were few.
65:08:42Years
65:08:53later, in a short account of his life,
65:08:57he said simply that the store wked out.
65:09:12>> A quick check before we move on. I want
65:09:15you to answer these questions.
65:09:18>> Did many customers come to the shop?
65:09:30No,
65:09:32there were other shops nearby
65:09:35and customers were few.
65:09:39Did the store grow or wink out?
65:09:49He said simply that the store wked out.
65:09:55When did he describe the store this way?
65:10:05Years later, in a short account of his
65:10:08life, he described it.
65:10:12>> Good job. Let's continue the story.
65:10:15>> The shop closed, but the money the
65:10:19partners owed did not disappear with it.
65:10:31At 25, things became worse.
65:10:37His partner died
65:10:39and Lincoln took on the debts of both
65:10:42men.
65:10:57Awesome. Quiz time. Let's jump into it.
65:11:01>> Did the money disappear when the shop
65:11:05closed?
65:11:14No,
65:11:16the money the partners owed did not
65:11:19disappear.
65:11:22Did Lincoln take on his own debts or the
65:11:26debts of both men?
65:11:35Lincoln took on the debts of both men.
65:11:40What happened to his partner?
65:11:48>> His partner died
65:11:51when Lincoln was 25.
65:11:55>> That was amazing. Now, let's continue
65:11:58and enjoy the story.
65:12:00>> He could have found a legal way out and
65:12:04started again.
65:12:08Many men took that way out.
65:12:12He turned it down.
65:12:27He decided that every person would be
65:12:31paid back
65:12:34however long it took.
65:12:47Now the floor is yours. Let's go.
65:12:50>> Did Lincoln take the legal way out?
65:13:03No.
65:13:05Many men took that way out, but he
65:13:10turned it down.
65:13:13Would every person be paid back
65:13:17or only some?
65:13:25He decided that every person would be
65:13:29paid back.
65:13:31How long would it take to pay back every
65:13:35person?
65:13:44Every person would be paid back.
65:13:48However long it took.
65:13:51>> Nice one. Let's continue.
65:13:55He went to each person he owed and asked
65:13:59for one thing
65:14:03time.
65:14:06All but one agreed.
65:14:22That one man went to court.
65:14:28The legal case cost Lincoln his horse
65:14:33and his surveying tools. [laughter]
65:14:49Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and
65:14:51speak.
65:14:53>> Did all but one person agree?
65:15:05Yes.
65:15:07He asked for time
65:15:10and all but one agreed.
65:15:14Did that one man wait or go to court?
65:15:24That one man went to court.
65:15:28What did the legal case cost Lincoln?
65:15:40The legal case cost Lincoln his horse
65:15:45and his surveying tools.
65:15:50All right, let's see if you've guessed
65:15:52it right. Let's go to the next part of
65:15:54the story.
65:15:56>> Those tools were how he earned a living,
65:16:00surveying land.
65:16:04A friend bought them back for him.
65:16:19He moved to Springfield,
65:16:22studied law,
65:16:24and slowly began to earn a living in
65:16:28court.
65:16:31He was still paying
65:16:47Awesome. Now it's speaking turn.
65:16:51>> Did a friend buy the tools back for him?
65:17:01Yes.
65:17:02A friend bought them back for him.
65:17:07Did he earn a living by surveying land
65:17:11or by farming?
65:17:20Those tools were how he earned a living,
65:17:24surveying land.
65:17:28What did he study in Springfield?
65:17:38He moved to Springfield
65:17:41and studied law.
65:17:45>> Great answers. Let's see what happens
65:17:47now.
65:17:49>> He paid the debt off slowly
65:17:52with money that could have made his own
65:17:55life easier.
65:17:59Year
65:18:06after year, the same small choice came
65:18:10back.
65:18:13Repay the old debt first.
65:18:30Now it's yours. Go ahead and talk loudly
65:18:34as much as you can.
65:18:36>> Did he pay the debt off quickly?
65:18:48No,
65:18:50he paid the debt off slowly.
65:18:55Did he repay the old debt first
65:19:00or make his own life easier?
65:19:07Year
65:19:11after year, he chose to repay the old
65:19:15debt first.
65:19:18What came back year after year?
65:19:27The same small choice came back.
65:19:32See, English is already coming out of
65:19:35you. Now listen and let's continue.
65:19:38>> The saving and repaying went on for
65:19:41about 14 years
65:19:44before the last of it was gone.
65:19:57Read that number again.
65:20:0014 years of paying back money
65:20:05for a shop that lasted a short time.
65:20:22Let's turn those ears into voice.
65:20:27Did the repaying go on for about 14
65:20:31years?
65:20:40Yes.
65:20:42The saving and repaying went on for
65:20:46about 14 years.
65:20:50Did the shop last a long time
65:20:54or a short time?
65:21:01The shop lasted
65:21:03a short time.
65:21:06What were those 14 years for?
65:21:1714 years of paying back money for a
65:21:22shop.
65:21:25>> Great job. Now, back to the story.
65:21:28>> By then, he was about 40, a lawyer and a
65:21:33member of Congress.
65:21:43People noticed
65:21:46his name for honesty grew and followed
65:21:50him into public life.
65:22:03Okay, questions time. Let's jump into
65:22:06it. Was he about 40 by then?
65:22:17Yes.
65:22:19By then he was about 40.
65:22:23Was he a shop owner or a member of
65:22:28Congress by then?
65:22:35He was a lawyer and a member of
65:22:38Congress.
65:22:40What grew and followed him into public
65:22:44life.
65:22:53His name for honesty grew and followed
65:22:57him into public life.
65:23:01So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen.
65:23:05>> Keeping a promise is easy when it costs
65:23:08nothing.
65:23:11The real test comes when it costs you
65:23:14years.
65:23:27A debt is a promise with a number on it.
65:23:33It spends your future before you have
65:23:37earned it.
65:23:40He kept that promise anyway.
65:23:57Okay, let's pause for a second. Now I'm
65:23:59going to ask you questions. Now it's
65:24:00over to you to answer them.
65:24:03>> Is keeping a promise easy
65:24:06when it costs nothing?
65:24:17Yes,
65:24:19keeping a promise is easy when it costs
65:24:23nothing.
65:24:25Did he keep that promise
65:24:28or look for a way out?
65:24:36He kept that promise anyway.
65:24:40What does a debt spend?
65:24:46[clears throat]
65:24:50It spends your future
65:24:53before you have earned it.
65:24:57>> Now this is the last part. Let's bring
65:25:00it home.
65:25:02You have made promises too
65:25:05to your family, to your teacher,
65:25:08maybe to yourself about your English.
65:25:24Some will take weeks.
65:25:27Others like a new language will take
65:25:30years of small everyday payments.
65:25:46So, how old are you today?
65:25:50And how old will you be when that
65:25:54promise is finally kept?
65:26:10last questions. Finish the story with
65:26:13the best answers possible.
65:26:16>> Have you made promises, too?
65:26:27Yes,
65:26:28you have made promises too,
65:26:32maybe to yourself about your English.
65:26:37Will a new language take weeks
65:26:41or years?
65:26:51A new language will take years
65:26:54of small everyday payments.
65:26:59Who have you made promises to?
65:27:09You have made promises to your family
65:27:13and to your teacher.
65:27:22The grammar we practice today, phrasal
65:27:25verbs with objects.
65:27:28His partner died and Lincoln took on the
65:27:31debts of both men.
65:27:34He turned it down.
65:27:38He paid the debt off slowly with money
65:27:41that could have made his own life
65:27:43easier.
65:27:50Congratulations.
65:27:52You practiced 422
65:27:55words in this story and you learned a
65:27:58lot.
65:28:00>> Finished. That's amazing.
65:28:09Which is great.
65:28:21That's amazing.
65:28:23Why sleep?
65:28:28Why you know [laughter] sleep works?
65:28:39for
65:28:51[laughter]
65:28:58the dream after the work. The dream
65:29:01after the work from the book Why We
65:29:05Sleep by Matthew Walker.
65:29:08Element
65:29:10Chemist.
65:29:13Fellow.
65:29:15Chemistry.
65:29:17Description.
65:29:20Passage.
65:29:22Deeply.
65:29:24Periodic.
65:29:26Wake up.
65:29:28Fall into place.
65:29:32There is a story that many people love.
65:29:38A great scientist falls asleep
65:29:42and wakes up with the answer.
65:29:59It is the story of Dimmitri Mendelv,
65:30:03the Russian chemist who gave chemistry
65:30:07the periodic table.
65:30:23That's amazing. I want you to listen to
65:30:26the questions and answer in sentences.
65:30:30Build full sentences, not just words.
65:30:32Okay, let's go.
65:30:35Does the scientist in the story
65:30:40wake up with the answer?
65:30:50Yes.
65:30:53A great scientist falls asleep
65:30:57and wakes up with the answer.
65:31:02Was Mendelv a Russian chemist
65:31:07or a Russian doctor?
65:31:14He was a Russian
65:31:17chemist.
65:31:19What did Mendel
65:31:22give chemistry?
65:31:31He gave chemistry
65:31:34the periodic table.
65:31:39>> All right, let's see if you've guessed
65:31:40it right. Let's go to the next part of
65:31:42the story.
65:31:43Matthew Walker, a sleep scientist,
65:31:47retells it in why we sleep.
65:31:52He uses it to show how sleep helps solve
65:31:57problems.
65:32:11People love this story because it sounds
65:32:14easy.
65:32:16Close your eyes
65:32:19and genius arrives.
65:32:35Okay, speaking time. Speak your mind.
65:32:39>> Is Matthew Walker a sleep scientist?
65:32:52Yes,
65:32:54Matthew Walker is a sleep scientist.
65:33:00Does the story sound easy
65:33:04or hard?
65:33:14It sounds easy.
65:33:19Close your eyes
65:33:22and genius arrives.
65:33:26Which book retells this story?
65:33:37Matthew Walker retells it in Why We
65:33:42Sleep.
65:33:44>> Here's Odd. Now let's come to the next
65:33:46part.
65:33:48>> The dream may well be true. A fellow
65:33:52scientist later wrote down Mendelv's own
65:33:55description of it.
65:34:07In that account he saw every element
65:34:11fall into place in a dream.
65:34:16On waking up, he wrote it down at once.
65:34:34Did that make sense? Now, let's check.
65:34:38>> Did a fellow scientist write down
65:34:41Mendeliff's description?
65:34:51Yes,
65:34:54a fellow scientist later wrote down
65:34:58Mendelv's own description of it.
65:35:03Did he write it down at once
65:35:07or a week later?
65:35:17At once
65:35:21on waking up he wrote it down at once.
65:35:27What did he see in the dream?
65:35:38He saw every element fall into place.
65:35:46>> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the
65:35:48story.
65:35:50>> What people forget is this.
65:35:54The dream did not come to a rested man.
65:36:10For years he had taught chemistry
65:36:13and now he was writing a large textbook.
65:36:27His fellow chemists knew more than 60
65:36:30elements.
65:36:32Yet nobody had found a clear order for
65:36:35them.
65:36:48>> Every sentence,
65:36:50speak it out loud. Okay, let's go. Had
65:36:54he taught chemistry
65:36:58for years?
65:37:08Yes.
65:37:10For years he had taught chemistry.
65:37:15Had anybody found a clear order for the
65:37:19elements
65:37:21or had nobody?
65:37:29Nobody had found a clear order for them.
65:37:35How many elements did his fellow
65:37:38chemists know?
65:37:42His
65:37:48fellow chemists knew more than 60
65:37:52elements.
65:37:55>> See, English is already coming out of
65:37:58you. Now listen and let's continue.
65:38:02He wrote each element on a separate card
65:38:06and moved the cards around his desk
65:38:10again and again.
65:38:25He tried rows by weight. He tried groups
65:38:29by behavior.
65:38:32Some patterns worked
65:38:35and many did not.
65:38:51>> Now it's yours. Go ahead and talk loudly
65:38:55as much as you can.
65:38:58Did he write each element on a separate
65:39:02card?
65:39:11Yes,
65:39:13he wrote each element on a separate
65:39:16card.
65:39:19Did all his patterns work or did many
65:39:23fail?
65:39:33Many did not work.
65:39:38Some patterns worked
65:39:41and many did not.
65:39:44What did he do with the cards?
65:39:55He moved the cards around his desk again
65:40:00and again.
65:40:04>> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's
65:40:07keep it up and jump into the story.
65:40:10>> In February 1869,
65:40:14he worked on the problem for days
65:40:18with very little rest.
65:40:31He had pushed himself so hard that he
65:40:35was deeply tired.
65:40:38At last he fell asleep
65:40:41and the dream
65:40:43[sighs]
65:40:58No pressure. Um, honestly, a little bit
65:41:01pressure. I want you to answer the
65:41:03questions in full sentences.
65:41:06>> Had he rested well before the dream?
65:41:18No,
65:41:20he had pushed himself so hard that he
65:41:25was deeply tired.
65:41:28Did he work for days
65:41:31or for one hour?
65:41:41He worked on the problem for days
65:41:46with very little rest.
65:41:49When did the dream come?
65:41:59At last he fell asleep.
65:42:02And then the dream came.
65:42:07Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep
65:42:09moving.
65:42:11>> His mind had gone so deeply into the
65:42:15problem that it kept working while he
65:42:18slept.
65:42:29Then comes the second part people
65:42:32forget.
65:42:34He did not wait and he did not trust his
65:42:39memory.
65:42:53>> Awesome. Now it's speaking turn. Had his
65:42:57mind gone deeply into the problem?
65:43:09Yes.
65:43:13His mind had gone so deeply into the
65:43:17problem that it kept working.
65:43:21Did he trust his memory or did he act?
65:43:34He did not trust his memory.
65:43:38He did not wait.
65:43:41What did his mind do while he slept?
65:43:52It kept working
65:43:55while he slept.
65:43:59>> Now back to the story.
65:44:02>> He immediately put the first form of his
65:44:05periodic table on paper.
65:44:12His
65:44:17table even had empty spaces. He said new
65:44:21elements would fill them. And he
65:44:24described them.
65:44:36Here's where you do the talking. Go
65:44:39ahead and talk and build me full
65:44:42sentences.
65:44:44>> Did he put his periodic table on paper
65:44:47immediately?
65:44:56Yes. He immediately put the first form
65:45:00of his periodic table on paper.
65:45:04Was his table full
65:45:08or did it have empty spaces?
65:45:16It had empty spaces.
65:45:21What did he say would fill the spaces?
65:45:32He said new elements would fill them.
65:45:37>> That was amazing. Now, let's continue
65:45:40and enjoy the story.
65:45:42>> Within about 20 years, chemists found
65:45:46three of them.
65:45:49They closely matched the descriptions he
65:45:53had given.
65:46:07So the truer story is not about magic.
65:46:12It has three parts.
65:46:14Hard work, then rest, then fast action.
65:46:23Awesome.
65:46:35Quiz time. Let's jump into it.
65:46:39>> Did the new elements match the
65:46:42descriptions he had given?
65:46:52Yes.
65:46:54They closely matched the descriptions he
65:46:57had given.
65:46:59Did chemists find three of them or 10?
65:47:11Chemists found three of them within
65:47:15about 20 years.
65:47:18What three parts does the truer story
65:47:22have?
65:47:31Hard work then rest
65:47:35then fast action.
65:47:40>> Okay, now listening mode.
65:47:43>> Walker is right that sleep helps
65:47:47It can connect ideas
65:47:51that a tired, busy mind cannot.
65:48:07Still, sleep can only work with what you
65:48:12give it.
65:48:14Nothing can fall into place in an empty
65:48:18mind.
65:48:34>> Okay, let's pause for a second. Now I'm
65:48:36going to ask you questions. Now it's
65:48:37over to you to answer them.
65:48:40Is Walker right that sleep helps?
65:48:52Yes,
65:48:54Walker is right that sleep helps.
65:49:00Can things fall into place in an empty
65:49:03mind or not?
65:49:14Not in an empty mind.
65:49:17Nothing can fall into place in an empty
65:49:21mind.
65:49:23What can sleep only work with?
65:49:33Sleep can only work with what you give
65:49:37it.
65:49:40>> Great answers. Let's see what happens
65:49:42now.
65:49:44>> Work hard on a problem while you are
65:49:47awake.
65:49:50Then let your mind finish it. While you
65:49:54rest.
65:50:06Perhaps an essay will not come together,
65:50:11or a listening passage keeps escaping
65:50:13you.
65:50:24>> Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to
65:50:26answer the questions?
65:50:28Should you work hard on a problem while
65:50:31you are awake?
65:50:40Yes.
65:50:42Work hard on it while you are awake.
65:50:48Should your mind finish it while you
65:50:50rest or while you worry?
65:51:02While you rest,
65:51:05let your mind finish it. While you rest,
65:51:11what might keep escaping you?
65:51:20A listening passage might keep escaping
65:51:24you.
65:51:26Now, this is the final part. I want you
65:51:28to focus and jump into it.
65:51:32>> Give that essay or passage real time
65:51:36today and let yourself struggle with it.
65:51:50Tomorrow morning, go back to it first.
65:51:54notebook in hand.
65:51:58Write down what you see before it
65:52:02disappears.
65:52:18The last round of questions. Let's end
65:52:21on a high note. Okay, let's go.
65:52:25>> Should you give that passage real time
65:52:29today?
65:52:37Yes.
65:52:39Give that essay or passage real time
65:52:44today.
65:52:46Should you go back to it tomorrow
65:52:48morning
65:52:50or next week?
65:52:59Tomorrow morning,
65:53:02go back to it first, notebook in hand.
65:53:08What should you write down tomorrow
65:53:10morning?
65:53:17Write down what you see before it
65:53:21disappears.
65:53:30The grammar we practice today, past
65:53:33perfect. For years he had taught
65:53:35chemistry and now he was writing a large
65:53:38textbook.
65:53:40His
65:53:41fellow chemists knew more than 60
65:53:44elements, yet nobody had found a clear
65:53:47order for them.
65:53:51He had pushed himself so hard that he
65:53:53was deeply tired.
65:53:57His mind had gone so deeply into the
65:53:59problem that it kept working while he
65:54:02slept.
65:54:09Congratulations.
65:54:11You practiced 421 words in this story
65:54:15and you learned a lot.
65:54:19Great job.
65:54:31That's amazing.
65:54:39And that's such an amazing thing.
65:55:00Fine, let's go. Let's jump into the
65:55:02story, The Flight to Sydney.
65:55:05>> The Flight to Sydney from the book Elon
65:55:09Musk by Walter Isacson.
65:55:13Vote.
65:55:15Attempt.
65:55:17Position.
65:55:19Friendship.
65:55:21Remain.
65:55:24Push out.
65:55:26Straight.
65:55:29Walk away.
65:55:31Stay on.
65:55:34Well, over.
65:55:38A young man sat on a long night flight
65:55:42to Sydney.
65:55:44At last, he was going on holiday with
65:55:47his wife.
65:55:59For months he had worked day and night
65:56:02on his online payment company.
65:56:15No one word answer. I don't want you to
65:56:16give me like ah small answers. I want
65:56:18you to give me full sentences aloud and
65:56:21when you're going to hear and listen to
65:56:23the sentence, repeat it yourself. Okay,
65:56:26let's go.
65:56:28Was he going on holiday
65:56:32with his wife?
65:56:41Yes.
65:56:43At last he was going on holiday with his
65:56:48wife.
65:56:51Had he worked for months
65:56:54or for a few days?
65:57:04For months
65:57:07he had worked day and night on his
65:57:10company.
65:57:12Where was the young man flying?
65:57:22He sat on a long night flight to Sydney.
65:57:29>> Now, back to the story.
65:57:31>> He was Elon Musk, still in his 20s, the
65:57:36boss of X.com.
65:57:41Soon it would be called
65:57:44PayPal.
65:57:58While his plane was in the air, the
65:58:01company's board met without him.
65:58:14Let's see what stayed in your mind.
65:58:17Let's go.
65:58:19Was he the boss of x.com?
65:58:31Yes,
65:58:33he was the boss of X.com.
65:58:38Still in his 20s.
65:58:41Did the board meet with him
65:58:45or without him?
65:58:55Without him.
65:58:59The board met while his plane was in the
65:59:02air.
65:59:04What would x.com
65:59:08soon be called?
65:59:15Soon it would be called
65:59:18PayPal.
65:59:21>> Here's odd. Now let's come to the next
65:59:23part.
65:59:24Several partners disagreed with his
65:59:27plans for the technology and the name.
65:59:32They voted to remove him from his
65:59:35position as CEO.
65:59:50By the time he landed, the board had
65:59:53voted.
65:59:56He was no longer the boss of his own
66:00:00company.
66:00:14Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and
66:00:16speak.
66:00:17>> Did the partners vote to remove him?
66:00:22[clears throat]
66:00:29Yes.
66:00:31They voted to remove him from his
66:00:34position as CEO.
66:00:38When he landed, had the board voted
66:00:42or was it still meeting?
66:00:50The board had voted by the time he
66:00:54landed.
66:00:56What position
66:00:58did he lose?
66:01:07his position as CEO.
66:01:11He was no longer the boss.
66:01:15>> That was amazing. Now, let's continue
66:01:18and enjoy the story.
66:01:20>> Stop here and judge the scene.
66:01:25What would a proud [clears throat] young
66:01:27founder do after being pushed out?
66:01:43Maybe anger,
66:01:46maybe lawyers, a public fight, and the
66:01:51end of every old friendship.
66:02:06>> Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to
66:02:08answer the questions.
66:02:10>> Was the young founder
66:02:14pushed out.
66:02:24Yes,
66:02:26the young founder
66:02:29was pushed out.
66:02:33Would a proud founder feel calm
66:02:38or feel anger?
66:02:46Maybe anger, maybe lawyers and a public
66:02:50fight.
66:02:52What might end in a public fight?
66:03:01Every old friendship might end.
66:03:06>> Now relax your voice and let's continue
66:03:09listening.
66:03:11Maybe he would walk away and never speak
66:03:14to them again.
66:03:17Most people would understand that.
66:03:30He did fly straight back to California
66:03:35and made one attempt to change the
66:03:37decision.
66:03:49Did that make sense? Now, let's check.
66:03:52>> Would most people understand if he
66:03:56walked away?
66:04:03Yes,
66:04:05most people would understand that.
66:04:09Did he fly straight back to California
66:04:14or stay in Sydney?
66:04:21He did fly straight back to California.
66:04:26What did he make one attempt to do?
66:04:37He made one attempt to change the
66:04:41decision.
66:04:44>> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's
66:04:47keep it up and jump into the story.
66:04:52>> It did not work. [sighs and gasps]
66:04:55The board had already chosen a new
66:04:58leader,
66:05:00Peter Teal,
66:05:02one of the partners who removed him.
66:05:19One fact changed the whole scene.
66:05:24After that one attempt had failed,
66:05:28he decided not to fight.
66:05:33Awesome.
66:05:46Now it's speaking turn.
66:05:49>> Had the board already chosen a new
66:05:52leader.
66:06:01Yes.
66:06:03The board had already chosen a new
66:06:06leader,
66:06:07Peter Teal.
66:06:10After the attempt had failed,
66:06:14did he fight
66:06:16or decide not to?
66:06:25He decided not to fight after that one
66:06:29attempt had failed.
66:06:32Who was the new leader?
66:06:40>> Peter Teal, one of the partners who
66:06:44removed him.
66:06:48>> All right, let's see if you've guessed
66:06:49it right. Let's go to the next part of
66:06:51the story.
66:06:52>> He accepted the decision, stayed on as
66:06:56an adviser, and kept helping the
66:06:59company.
66:07:09He also kept his shares.
66:07:14In fact, he remained the largest share
66:07:17formulary.
66:07:30Okay, questions time.
66:07:33>> Did he stay on as an advisor?
66:07:46Yes,
66:07:48he stayed on as an adviser and kept
66:07:52helping the company.
66:07:55Did he fight the decision or accept it?
66:08:04He accepted the decision.
66:08:09What did he remain?
66:08:17He remained the largest shareholder.
66:08:23Now stories calling us. Let's continue.
66:08:26>> Walter Isaxson's biography describes
66:08:29this moment.
66:08:33>> It is easy to miss among the rockets.
66:08:49In 2002,
66:08:51eBay bought PayPal for about $1.5
66:08:56billion.
66:09:10Now, the floor is yours. Let's go.
66:09:14Does Walter Isaxson's biography
66:09:18describe this moment?
66:09:28Yes.
66:09:30Walter Isacson's biography describes
66:09:34this moment.
66:09:37Did eBay buy PayPal or did PayPal buy
66:09:43eBay?
66:09:52eBay bought PayPal in 2002.
66:09:59How much did eBay pay for PayPal?
66:10:09about $1.5 billion.
66:10:15>> Good job. Let's continue the story.
66:10:19>> His shares had remained his and now they
66:10:23were worth well over $100 million.
66:10:38He put well over half of it into SpaceX
66:10:43for rockets
66:10:45and Tesla for electric cars.
66:11:03Speaking time. Try answering with words
66:11:07you just heard. Go ahead.
66:11:10>> Had his shares remained his.
66:11:21Yes,
66:11:23his shares had remained his.
66:11:28Were his shares worth well over $100
66:11:32million
66:11:35or less?
66:11:43They were worth well over $100 million.
66:11:50Where did he put well over half of it?
66:12:02He put it into Space X for rockets
66:12:07and Tesla for electric cars.
66:12:13>> See, English is already coming out of
66:12:15you. Now listen and let's continue.
66:12:19go back to that flight to Sydney.
66:12:24At first, being pushed out looked like
66:12:28the end of his story.
66:12:43Now it looks like the flight that led
66:12:46straight to rockets and cars.
66:12:59>> Every sentence,
66:13:01speak it out loud. Okay, let's go.
66:13:04>> At first,
66:13:06did being pushed out look like the end?
66:13:17Yes.
66:13:20At first it looked like the end of his
66:13:23story.
66:13:25Now does that flight look like an end or
66:13:31a beginning?
66:13:39It looks like the flight that led
66:13:42straight to rockets and cars.
66:13:46Which flight should we go back to?
66:13:54Go back to that flight to Sydney.
66:13:59>> Nice one. Let's continue.
66:14:02The loss was real and it hurt.
66:14:08Yet he did not walk away
66:14:12and he did not turn it into a war.
66:14:28A public fight could have hurt the
66:14:31company, his friendships, and his
66:14:34shares.
66:14:37Staying on calmly helped protect all
66:14:41three.
66:14:56Let's hear you. Now it's your turn to
66:14:58speak.
66:15:00>> Did he walk away?
66:15:11No, he did not walk away and he did not
66:15:16turn it into a war.
66:15:20Was the loss real
66:15:23or not real?
66:15:30The loss was real and it hurt.
66:15:35What could a public fight have hurt?
66:15:45The company, his friendships,
66:15:49and his shares.
66:15:53And now the big finish.
66:15:57>> Losing a position is not the end.
66:16:02What you do in the weeks after it can
66:16:06shape your next 10 years.
66:16:22One day you may lose something you
66:16:24worked hard for,
66:16:27like a place you felt you had earned.
66:16:39So see your next loss differently.
66:16:44Like that flight to Sydney. It may one
66:16:48day look like a start.
66:17:05One final question, bro. You've done the
66:17:08whole thing. Now, let's do the final
66:17:10one.
66:17:11>> Is losing a position. The end?
66:17:22No.
66:17:24Losing a position is not the end.
66:17:28Can the weeks after a loss shape your
66:17:32next 10 days
66:17:35or 10 years?
66:17:45What you do in the weeks after it can
66:17:48shape your next 10 years.
66:17:52What might you lose one day?
66:18:00a place you felt you had earned.
66:18:10The grammar we practice today, past
66:18:13perfect versus past simple. By the time
66:18:17he landed, the board had voted.
66:18:22It did not work. The board had already
66:18:25chosen a new leader, Peter Theal, one of
66:18:28the partners who removed him.
66:18:32After that one attempt had failed, he
66:18:35decided not to fight.
66:18:38His shares had remained his, and now
66:18:41they were worth well over $100 million.
66:18:51Congratulations.
66:18:53You practiced 424 words in this story
66:18:57and you learned a lot.
66:19:01>> Awesome. Wonderful. Beautiful.
66:19:21That's That's super great.
66:19:37Five toech.
66:20:18social media, Google
66:20:43Fore
66:20:50techniques.
66:21:10It was such a wonderful experience. I'm
66:21:13very grateful to be a part of your
66:21:14course and advise everyone to take part
66:21:16in your course in order to achieve their
66:21:18goals. Uh and thank you so much for a
66:21:21great effort and inspiring team.
66:21:28for video.
66:21:34So you go
66:21:45forch.
66:22:23But anyways,
66:22:28one of the most interesting books,
66:22:30Willpower,
66:22:41willpower
66:23:00the willpower.
66:23:07The little black spots. The little black
66:23:12spots from the book willpower by Roy F.
66:23:16Bowmeister and John Tierney.
66:23:21Virtue
66:23:23spot
66:23:25column.
66:23:27Ambitious
66:23:30weed
66:23:32track
66:23:34guard
66:23:37underneath.
66:23:39Move on.
66:23:42Humility.
66:23:45One young man.
66:23:4913 virtues.
66:23:53One small book with red lines drawn
66:23:58carefully across every page.
66:24:13The young man was Benjamin Franklin and
66:24:17he had a very ambitious plan
66:24:22to become a better person.
66:24:38That's amazing. I want you to listen to
66:24:42the questions and answer in sentences.
66:24:45Build full sentences, not just words.
66:24:48Okay, let's go.
66:24:51Did Franklin have an ambitious plan?
66:25:02Yes,
66:25:05he had a very ambitious plan.
66:25:09to become a better person.
66:25:13Did the book have 13 virtues or 30?
66:25:2413 virtues
66:25:27in one small book.
66:25:31What was drawn across every page of the
66:25:35book.
66:25:43Red lines were drawn carefully across
66:25:47every page.
66:25:51>> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep
66:25:54moving.
66:25:55>> Not a little better.
66:25:58He wrote that he wanted to live without
66:26:02committing any fault at any time.
66:26:19First he listed the good qualities he
66:26:22wanted to build.
66:26:24He called them virtues.
66:26:40>> Did that make sense? Now let's check.
66:26:43>> Did he want to be only a little better?
66:26:55No,
66:26:57not a little better.
66:27:00He wanted to live without any fault.
66:27:05Did he call the good qualities virtues
66:27:10or rusty?
66:27:16He called them virtues.
66:27:20What did he list first?
66:27:31He listed the good qualities he wanted
66:27:35to build.
66:27:38>> Great job. Now, back to the story.
66:27:42There was silence,
66:27:44order,
66:27:46careful spending,
66:27:48hard work,
66:27:50honesty,
66:27:52calm
66:27:54and later
66:27:56humility.
66:28:10Then he noticed a problem.
66:28:14While he guarded against one fault,
66:28:18another one would often surprise him.
66:28:34Speaking time. I don't want you to
66:28:36overthink it. Just open your mouth and
66:28:39just talk whatever you remember from the
66:28:41story.
66:28:43>> Was humility one of his virtues?
66:28:54Yes.
66:28:56Humility came later at the end of his
66:28:59list.
66:29:01Would another fault surprise him often
66:29:05or never? often
66:29:16another one would often surprise him.
66:29:21What did he guard against?
66:29:28He guarded against one fort.
66:29:33So smooth. Awesome. Now let's listen.
66:29:37>> Habit, he wrote, took advantage of the
66:29:41moments when his attention was somewhere
66:29:44else.
66:29:54So he stopped trying to fix everything
66:29:57at once.
66:29:59Instead, he made himself a small book.
66:30:15Now the table's turn. I'm going to ask
66:30:18you questions. You're going to do the
66:30:20talking. Let's go.
66:30:22>> Did habit take advantage of his
66:30:25attention?
66:30:34Yes,
66:30:36habit took advantage when his attention
66:30:40was somewhere else.
66:30:43Did he fix everything at once
66:30:47or stopped trying?
66:30:54He stopped trying to fix everything at
66:30:57once.
66:30:59What did he make himself?
66:31:08He made himself a small book.
66:31:13>> That was amazing. Now, let's continue
66:31:16and enjoy the story.
66:31:18>> Each virtue had its own line, one
66:31:22underneath the other.
66:31:25Across the page were seven columns. One
66:31:29for each day.
66:31:44Every evening he would check his day.
66:31:49For each fault he used to mark the line
66:31:53with a little black spot.
66:32:08every sentence.
66:32:10Speak it out loud. Okay, let's go.
66:32:14>> Did he used to mark each fault with a
66:32:17spot?
66:32:26Yes.
66:32:28He used to mark the line with a little
66:32:32black spot.
66:32:34Were there seven columns
66:32:37or 10?
66:32:45Seven columns,
66:32:47one for each day.
66:32:51What would he do every evening?
66:33:01Every evening he would check his day.
66:33:08Now stories calling us. Let's continue.
66:33:12>> Each week he would give his strict
66:33:15attention
66:33:16to only one virtue.
66:33:28When that line stayed clean, he would
66:33:31move on to the next.
66:33:34After 13 weeks, he could start again.
66:33:53Okay, questions time. Let's jump into
66:33:55it.
66:33:57>> Would he give his attention to every
66:33:59virtue each week?
66:34:10>> No.
66:34:12Each week he would give his strict
66:34:15attention to only one virtue.
66:34:20When a line stayed clean, would he stop
66:34:26or move on?
66:34:33He would move on to the next.
66:34:38What could he do after 13 weeks?
66:34:49After 13 weeks, he could start again.
66:34:57>> All right, let's see if you've guessed
66:34:59it right. Let's go to the next part of
66:35:00the story.
66:35:02>> He compared the plan to weeding a
66:35:05garden.
66:35:07A wise gardener does not pull up every
66:35:11weed at once.
66:35:25He works on one bed of flowers at a
66:35:28time,
66:35:30finishes it, and moves on to the next.
66:35:44Awesome. Now it's speaking turn.
66:35:47>> Does a wise gardener pull up every weed
66:35:52at once?
66:36:01No.
66:36:04A wise gardener does not pull up every
66:36:08weed at once. [clears throat]
66:36:11Did he compare the plan to weeding a
66:36:15garden or building a house?
66:36:24He compared it to weeding a garden.
66:36:30What does the gardener do after he
66:36:33finishes one bed?
66:36:39He moves on to the next.
66:36:44>> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the
66:36:46story.
66:36:48>> Were the pages ever clean?
66:36:52No.
66:36:54He found far more faults in himself than
66:36:58he had imagined.
66:37:13Order was the hardest.
66:37:17Even as an old man, he admitted with
66:37:20humility that he had never really
66:37:23mastered it.
66:37:38>> Great speaking time. Now, let's jump
66:37:41into the speaking time.
66:37:45Were the pages ever clean?
66:37:56No.
66:37:58He found far more faults than he had
66:38:02imagined.
66:38:04Was order the easiest
66:38:07or the hardest?
66:38:13Order was the hardest.
66:38:17What did he admit with humility as an
66:38:21old man?
66:38:28He admitted that he had never really
66:38:32mastered order.
66:38:36>> Nice one. Let's continue.
66:38:40Yet near the end of his account, one
66:38:43sentence makes the whole project worth
66:38:46it.
66:38:55He never reached perfection.
66:39:00Still, he wrote, "The effort made him a
66:39:04better and a happier man.
66:39:22Spotlight now is on you. I want you to
66:39:24answer the questions by actually
66:39:28talking. Let's go.
66:39:30>> Did he ever reach perfection?
66:39:39No,
66:39:41he never reached perfection.
66:39:45Did the effort make him a worse man or a
66:39:50better and happier man?
66:39:58It made him a better and a happier man.
66:40:05Where is the sentence that makes the
66:40:08project worth it?
66:40:14It is near the end of his account.
66:40:19>> Here's on. Now let's come to the next
66:40:21part.
66:40:22>> Modern research on self-control points
66:40:25the same way.
66:40:28Willpower is limited. So focus beats
66:40:33spreading it thin.
66:40:48Tracking one thing at a time is how
66:40:52small honest progress becomes something
66:40:56you can see.
66:41:09Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and
66:41:11speak.
66:41:13>> Is willpower
66:41:16limited?
66:41:25Yes.
66:41:27Willpower is limited.
66:41:32Should you track one thing at a time
66:41:37or many things? [gasps]
66:41:47One thing at a time.
66:41:51Focus beats spreading it thin.
66:41:56What becomes
66:41:58something you can see.
66:42:07Small honest progress becomes something
66:42:11you can see.
66:42:14>> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's
66:42:17keep it up and jump into the story.
66:42:21>> Build Franklin's Little Book for your
66:42:24English.
66:42:27It is an ambitious plan that needs only
66:42:30a page and a pen.
66:42:46Choose one skill to track this week.
66:42:50Listening, speaking, vocabulary, or
66:42:53grammar. Write
66:42:56it at the top.
66:43:11>> No, the floor is yours. Let's go.
66:43:15>> Is Franklin's little book an ambitious
66:43:19plan?
66:43:28Yes,
66:43:30it is an ambitious plan that needs only
66:43:34a page and a pen.
66:43:38Should you track one skill this week or
66:43:42four?
66:43:51one skill.
66:43:54Choose one skill to track this week.
66:43:59Where should you write your skill?
66:44:06Write it at the top.
66:44:09>> Now, this is the last part. Let's bring
66:44:12it home.
66:44:14>> Draw seven columns.
66:44:18Each evening, give yourself a small spot
66:44:22if you skipped your practice.
66:44:37Next week, guard that first line and
66:44:40keep it clean.
66:44:43Then add a second skill underneath it.
66:44:57Expect spots. Frank Franklin had many.
66:45:02The spots are not failure. They are a
66:45:06map of where to work next.
66:45:24last questions. Finish the story with
66:45:27the best answers possible.
66:45:31>> Should you give yourself a spot if you
66:45:35skipped your practice?
66:45:45Yes.
66:45:47Each evening, give yourself a small spot
66:45:51if you skipped it.
66:45:54Should the second skill go above the
66:45:58first
66:45:59or underneath it?
66:46:09underneath it.
66:46:12Guard that first line.
66:46:15Then add a second skill underneath.
66:46:20What are the spots if they are not
66:46:24failure?
66:46:30They are a map of where to work next.
66:46:42The grammar we practice today, used to
66:46:46versus would. While he guarded against
66:46:50one fault, another one would often
66:46:52surprise him.
66:46:55Every evening, he would check his day.
66:47:00For each fault, he used to mark the line
66:47:03with a little black spot.
66:47:08Each week he would give his strict
66:47:10attention to only one virtue.
66:47:19Congratulations.
66:47:21You practiced 426 words in this story
66:47:25and you learned a lot.
66:47:29Fabulous.
66:47:32for
66:48:01that was it.
66:48:05I I really really appreciate you
66:48:08practicing your English and learning
66:48:10something new.
66:48:34What's the difference? Let's jump into
66:48:36the story. The man who looked right.
66:48:39>> The man who looked right from the book
66:48:43Blink by Malcolm Gladwell.
66:48:47Candidate,
66:48:49senator,
66:48:52error,
66:48:54handsome,
66:48:56voter,
66:48:58surely,
66:49:00rank,
66:49:02broad,
66:49:04plame,
66:49:07switch off.
66:49:10Behind a small hotel in Ohio,
66:49:14two men sat side by side while their
66:49:18shoes were being cleaned.
66:49:32One was a political organizer named
66:49:35Harry Dority,
66:49:38a man who knew how elections were won.
66:49:55Now, we're going to hear a question. I
66:49:57want you to answer it loudly in full
66:50:01sentences. Okay, let's go.
66:50:05>> Were the two men sitting
66:50:09behind a hotel?
66:50:19Yes.
66:50:22They sat side by side behind a small
66:50:26hotel in Ohio.
66:50:29Was Dockerti
66:50:32a doctor
66:50:34or a political organizer?
66:50:41He was a political organizer.
66:50:45What did Dati
66:50:48know?
66:50:54He knew how elections were won.
66:51:00>> Great answers. Let's see what happens
66:51:03now.
66:51:04>> The other owned a newspaper in a nearby
66:51:08town.
66:51:11Dorati turned and studied him carefully.
66:51:27Look at him through Darat's eyes.
66:51:32He was tall, broad, and handsome with
66:51:36thick dark hair and a deep voice.
66:51:54Awesome. Now it's speaking turn.
66:51:58>> Was the other man
66:52:00handsome?
66:52:08Yes,
66:52:10he was tall, broad, and handsome.
66:52:14Did the other man own a newspaper
66:52:19or a hotel?
66:52:27He owned a newspaper
66:52:30in a nearby town.
66:52:34What kind of voice did he have?
66:52:41He had a deep voice.
66:52:45>> Okay, now listening mode.
66:52:48He stood straight, shook hands warmly,
66:52:52and had the calm, serious face of a
66:52:56leader in a painting.
66:53:09Be honest.
66:53:12If you chose a leader from his face
66:53:14alone, you would probably choose him,
66:53:18too.
66:53:31All right, time to prove your focusing.
66:53:34Let's jump into it.
66:53:36>> Did he stand straight?
66:53:46Yes,
66:53:48he stood straight and shook hands
66:53:51warmly.
66:53:54Did he have the face of a leader
66:53:57or of a farmer?
66:54:07He had the calm, serious face of a
66:54:11leader in a painting.
66:54:15Who would you probably choose from his
66:54:18face alone?
66:54:24You would probably choose him, too.
66:54:30>> Good job. Let's continue the story.
66:54:34>> Doy had exactly that thought.
66:54:39He decided that this man would make a
66:54:42great president.
66:54:56The man was Warren Harding. Over
66:55:03the next 20 years, Dority was going to
66:55:06push him upward.
66:55:22Now the table's turn. I'm going to ask
66:55:25you questions. You're going to do the
66:55:26talking. Let's go.
66:55:28Didi decide this man would make a great
66:55:34president?
66:55:43Yes.
66:55:45He decided that this man would make a
66:55:49great president.
66:55:52Was Dati going to push him upward?
66:55:58or hold him back.
66:56:05Dockate was going to push him upward.
66:56:10What was the man's
66:56:13name?
66:56:19The man was
66:56:22Warren Harding.
66:56:25Now relax your voice and let's continue
66:56:28listening.
66:56:30>> Harding became a state senator and then
66:56:35a United States senator.
66:56:39He was friendly and people liked him.
66:56:55in the Senate. However, he did little
66:56:58that anyone remembered.
66:57:08>> Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to
66:57:09answer the questions?
66:57:12>> Did Harding become a senator?
66:57:23Yes,
66:57:24he became a state senator
66:57:28and then a United States senator.
66:57:34In the Senate, did he do much
66:57:39or little?
66:57:46He did little that anyone remembered.
66:57:51Why did people like him?
66:57:59He was friendly and people liked him.
66:58:05Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's
66:58:08keep it up and jump into the story.
66:58:12You might object here.
66:58:16Surely the voters would look deeper than
66:58:19his face.
66:58:22Surely someone would ask what he had
66:58:25done.
66:58:38In 1920,
66:58:41his party could not agree on a
66:58:44candidate.
66:58:47Tired leaders finally chose the man who
66:58:51looked right.
66:59:07Great, speaking time. Now, let's jump
66:59:10into the speaking time.
66:59:13>> Could his party agree on a candidate?
66:59:26No.
66:59:28In 1920,
66:59:30his party could not agree on a
66:59:33candidate.
66:59:35Did the leaders choose the best record
66:59:40or the man who looked right?
66:59:50Tired leaders chose the man who looked
66:59:55right.
66:59:57What might you object here?
67:00:06Surely the voters would look deeper than
67:00:09his face.
67:00:12>> So smooth. Awesome. Now let's listen.
67:00:17>> They believed the voters would love him.
67:00:22He won the election easily.
67:00:36The handsome candidate, a small town
67:00:40newspaper owner, was now president of
67:00:44the United States.
67:00:59every sentence.
67:01:01Speak it out loud. Okay, let's go.
67:01:04>> Did the leaders believe the voters would
67:01:08love him?
67:01:17Yes,
67:01:19they believed the voters would love him.
67:01:24Did he win the election easily
67:01:28or lose it?
67:01:34He won the election easily.
67:01:39who was now president of the United
67:01:42States,
67:01:49the handsome candidate, a small town
67:01:53newspaper owner.
67:01:57>> Great job. Now, back to the story.
67:02:00>> Then the picture began to break.
67:02:05Some friends he had given power used it
67:02:09to take public money.
67:02:24Harding died in office about 2 years
67:02:27after he began.
67:02:31He would never see the worst scandals
67:02:34come out.
67:02:48>> Awesome. Quiz time. Let's jump into it.
67:02:52>> Would Harding see the worst scandals
67:02:55come out?
67:03:04No,
67:03:06he would never see the worst scandals
67:03:09come out.
67:03:11Did his friends use power well
67:03:16or take public money?
67:03:24Some friends used it to take public
67:03:28money.
67:03:30When did Harding die?
67:03:39He died in office about 2 years after he
67:03:44began.
67:03:47>> Nice one. Let's continue.
67:03:50>> Today, historians often rank him among
67:03:55the weakest presidents in American
67:03:58history.
67:04:09Nobody had lied about Harding.
67:04:14People saw broad shoulders on a
67:04:17president's face and stopped asking
67:04:21questions.
67:04:36>> Let's hear you. Now it's your turn to
67:04:38speak.
67:04:40Do historians rank him among the best
67:04:44presidents?
67:04:53No.
67:04:55They often rank him among the weakest
67:04:59presidents.
67:05:01Had someone lied about Harding
67:05:05or had nobody lied?
67:05:11Nobody had lied about Harding.
67:05:15What did people see?
67:05:24People saw broad shoulders
67:05:28and a president's face.
67:05:32>> Now, back to the story.
67:05:35>> That is the real danger.
67:05:40A strong first look can switch off the
67:05:44careful part of your mind.
67:06:00In Blink, Malcolm Gladwell gives this
67:06:04mistake a name.
67:06:06He calls it the Warren Harding error.
67:06:24Did that make sense? Now, let's check.
67:06:27>> Can a strong first look
67:06:31switch off your careful mind?
67:06:42Yes,
67:06:44it can switch off the careful part of
67:06:48your mind.
67:06:51Dust Bled will call it the Harding error
67:06:57or the Harding lie.
67:07:05He calls it the Warren Harding error.
67:07:11Which book gives this mistake a name
67:07:22in Blink?
67:07:25Malcolm Gladwell gives it a name.
67:07:29>> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the
67:07:32story.
67:07:34Quick judgments can be useful.
67:07:38The trouble starts
67:07:40when a good look switches off your
67:07:44search for evidence.
67:07:59You probably make small harding errors
67:08:02too, especially when you choose how to
67:08:07learn.
67:08:20Here's where you do the talking. Go
67:08:23ahead and talk and build me full
67:08:25sentences.
67:08:27>> Are quick judgments always bad?
67:08:37No.
67:08:39Quick judgments can be useful.
67:08:43Does the trouble start with evidence
67:08:48or with a good look?
67:08:58It starts when a good look switches off
67:09:02your search for evidence.
67:09:06When do you make small harding errors?
67:09:11especially
67:09:17when you choose how to learn.
67:09:23>> All right, let's see if you've guessed
67:09:24it right. Let's go to the next part of
67:09:26the story.
67:09:28A course with a beautiful website.
67:09:32A teacher with a perfect accent.
67:09:36An app full of bright colors.
67:09:53None of these tell you whether you will
67:09:55actually improve.
67:09:59Rank your options by results. Instead,
67:10:17>> now test yourself.
67:10:20Does a beautiful website tell you
67:10:24whether you will improve?
67:10:34No.
67:10:36None of these tell you whether you will
67:10:39actually improve.
67:10:42Should you rank your options by results
67:10:47or by looks?
67:10:54Rank your options by results instead.
67:11:00What is the app full of?
67:11:06[snorts]
67:11:08It is full of bright colors.
67:11:13And now the big finish.
67:11:17>> Turn it around, too.
67:11:21A plain method or a quiet classmate may
67:11:25hold what you need.
67:11:38So carry one plain rule into your next
67:11:42choice.
67:11:44Judge the record,
67:11:47not the look.
67:12:02Here's the last questions. I want you to
67:12:05give them everything you've got.
67:12:08Could a plain method hold what you need?
67:12:20Yes,
67:12:23a plain method
67:12:25may hold what you need.
67:12:29Should you judge the record
67:12:32or the look?
67:12:39Judge the record, not the look.
67:12:43What else may hold what you need?
67:12:53A quiet classmate
67:12:56may hold what you need.
67:13:05The grammar we practice today, future in
67:13:09the past. He decided that this man would
67:13:12make a great president.
67:13:16Over the next 20 years, Doaty was going
67:13:19to push him upward.
67:13:23Surely the voters would look deeper than
67:13:25his face.
67:13:28Surely
67:13:30someone would ask what he had done.
67:13:39Congratulations.
67:13:41You practiced 428
67:13:44words in this story and you learned a
67:13:48lot.
67:14:11That's amazing. That's that's such a
67:14:13beautiful opportunity.
67:14:20Atomic habit. [snorts]
67:14:43foreign.
67:14:56Okay.
67:15:13Let's jump into the story. The red robe.
67:15:17>> The red robe from the book Atomic Habits
67:15:22by James Clear.
67:15:25Purchase.
67:15:27Philosopher.
67:15:30Slave.
67:15:32Leather.
67:15:34Warn.
67:15:36Society.
67:15:39Sculpture
67:15:41hang
67:15:43straw
67:15:45dressing gown.
67:15:49A red robe.
67:15:53Soft,
67:15:54bright
67:15:56and beautiful.
67:16:00The kind of robe a rich man wears at
67:16:03home.
67:16:17In 1765,
67:16:20a robe like this came to a French writer
67:16:23who had been poor for years.
67:16:39Now, we're going to hear a question. I
67:16:41want you to answer it loudly in full
67:16:45sentences. Okay, let's go.
67:16:49>> Was the robe red?
67:16:59>> Yes.
67:17:02It was a red robe,
67:17:05soft, bright, and beautiful.
67:17:10Did the robe come to a French writer
67:17:14or a Russian king?
67:17:20It came to a French writer.
67:17:24How long had the writer been poor?
67:17:32He had been poor
67:17:34for years.
67:17:37>> Great job. Now back to the story.
67:17:41>> He was Deni Dero,
67:17:44a famous philosopher,
67:17:46a thinker who asked big questions about
67:17:50life and society.
67:18:05That year he needed money for his
67:18:07daughter's wedding and he did not have
67:18:10it.
67:18:20>> Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to
67:18:22answer the questions?
67:18:24Was Dedero a famous philosopher?
67:18:34Yes,
67:18:36he was a famous philosopher.
67:18:40Did he ask big questions about life and
67:18:44society
67:18:46or about money?
67:18:54He asked big questions
67:18:58about life and society.
67:19:01What did he need money for?
67:19:09He needed money for his daughter's
67:19:13wedding.
67:19:16>> Now, back to the story.
67:19:19Then Catherine the Great, the Empress of
67:19:22Russia, heard about his problem and
67:19:26bought his library.
67:19:39She also paid him a salary to look after
67:19:42the books for her.
67:19:45Suddenly the poor philosopher had money.
67:20:01Speaking time. Try answering with words
67:20:04you just heard. Go ahead.
67:20:08>> Did Catherine the Great buy his library?
67:20:19Yes,
67:20:21she heard about his problem and bought
67:20:25his library.
67:20:27Was the philosopher still poor
67:20:31or did he suddenly have money?
67:20:40Suddenly the poor philosopher had money.
67:20:46What did she pay him to do?
67:20:54She paid him a salary to look after the
67:20:58books for her.
67:21:01>> Now relax your voice and let's continue
67:21:04listening.
67:21:06Soon afterwards he received the red
67:21:09robe, a fine dressing gown.
67:21:14He loved it at once.
67:21:28Then he looked around his study and
67:21:31something strange happened.
67:21:35Next to the robe, his old things looked
67:21:38different.
67:21:53Every sentence,
67:21:55speak it out loud. Okay, let's go.
67:21:59>> Was the red robe
67:22:02a dressing gown?
67:22:11Yes,
67:22:13it was a fine dressing gun.
67:22:18Did he love the robe
67:22:21or hate it?
67:22:28He loved it at once.
67:22:33What looked different next to the robe?
67:22:43Next to the robe,
67:22:46his old things looked different.
67:22:50Here's odd. Now, let's come to the next
67:22:52part.
67:22:54>> His worn rug looked cheap.
67:22:58His straw chair looked sad.
67:23:02He wished his whole room looked as fine
67:23:05as the robe.
67:23:20The robe was so fine that every worn old
67:23:25thing seemed to let it down.
67:23:37Let's turn those ears into voice.
67:23:41Did he wish his whole room looked as
67:23:44fine as the robe?
67:23:54Yes.
67:23:56He wished his whole room looked as fine
67:23:59as the robe.
67:24:02Was his straw chair happy or sad?
67:24:12His straw chair looked sad.
67:24:18What looked cheap?
67:24:24His worn rug looked cheap.
67:24:29>> Good job. Let's continue the story.
67:24:33>> So, he replaced the old rug
67:24:37with an expensive new one from Damascus.
67:24:52Then he bought sculptures for the room
67:24:57and a new mirror to hang above the
67:24:59fireplace.
67:25:12Now the table's turn. I'm going to ask
67:25:15you questions. You're going to do the
67:25:16talking. Let's go.
67:25:18>> Did he keep the old rug?
67:25:29No,
67:25:31he replaced the old rug with an
67:25:34expensive new one.
67:25:38Did he hang a new mirror or a new clock
67:25:42above the fireplace?
67:25:50He bought a new mirror to hang above the
67:25:53fireplace.
67:25:55What did he buy for the room?
67:26:02He bought sculptures for the room.
67:26:07>> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep
67:26:09moving.
67:26:11The straw chair went
67:26:14and a leather armchair took its place.
67:26:20A better table came next.
67:26:36One purchase led to another and then
67:26:40another like a line of falling dominoes.
67:26:58Spotlight now is on you. I want you to
67:27:00answer the questions by actually
67:27:03talking. Let's go.
67:27:05>> Did a leather armchair take the place
67:27:10of the straw chair?
67:27:22Yes.
67:27:24The straw chair went
67:27:27and a leather armchair took its place.
67:27:33Did one purchase stop there
67:27:38or lead to another?
67:27:48One purchase led to another
67:27:52and then another.
67:27:56What were [clears throat] the purchases
67:27:58like?
67:28:06They were like a line of falling
67:28:10dominoes.
67:28:13>> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen.
67:28:18The same dominoes still fall today.
67:28:24You buy a new phone and suddenly you
67:28:28wish your old case looked newer
67:28:45for Dido. The chain ended in debt.
67:28:51Later he wrote an essay about the whole
67:28:54experience.
67:29:09>> Okay, questions time.
67:29:12With a new phone,
67:29:14do you wish your old case looked newer?
67:29:25Yes.
67:29:26Suddenly you wish your old case looked
67:29:30newer.
67:29:32Did the chain end in wealth
67:29:36or in debt?
67:29:45For Dedo,
67:29:47the [sighs and gasps] chain ended in
67:29:49debt.
67:29:51What did Dedo write later?
67:30:00He wrote an essay about the whole
67:30:04experience.
67:30:07>> Now story is calling us. Let's continue.
67:30:11>> He called it regrets on parting with my
67:30:15old dressing gown.
67:30:19in it. He [clears throat] wished he had
67:30:21his old robe back
67:30:36of his old robe. He said that he had
67:30:40been its master.
67:30:49Okay, let's pause for a second. Now, I'm
67:30:52going to ask you questions. Now, it's
67:30:53over to you to answer them.
67:30:56>> Did he wish he had his old robe back?
67:31:06Yes.
67:31:08He wished he had his old robe back.
67:31:13Was he the master or the slave of his
67:31:18old robe?
67:31:23He had been its master.
67:31:27What did he call his essay?
67:31:37He called it
67:31:39regrets on parting with my old dressing
67:31:44gown.
67:31:47>> All right, let's see if you've guessed
67:31:48it right. Let's go to the next part of
67:31:50the story.
67:31:52>> Of the new robe, he wrote,
67:31:55"I have become a slave to my new one.
67:32:11He wished he was the master again, not a
67:32:15slave to sculptures and a lever
67:32:18armchair.
67:32:31Speaking time, I don't want you to
67:32:33overthink it. Just open your mouth and
67:32:36just talk whatever you remember from the
67:32:38story.
67:32:41Did he become a slave to his new robe?
67:32:54Yes.
67:32:56He wrote that he had become a slave to
67:32:59his new one.
67:33:02Did he wish he was a slave
67:33:06or the master again?
67:33:14He wished he was the master again.
67:33:19What was he a slave to?
67:33:31He was a slave to scouches and a leather
67:33:36armchair.
67:33:39>> Nice one. Let's continue.
67:33:42>> Today, this pattern has a name.
67:33:46The dedo effect.
67:33:50One new thing can pull a chain of
67:33:54spending behind it.
67:34:09The danger is not the first purchase.
67:34:13It is how that purchase changes what
67:34:16looks normal to you.
67:34:30Awesome. Quiz time. Let's jump into it.
67:34:34>> Does this pattern have a name?
67:34:45Yes.
67:34:47Today this pattern has a name, the dedo
67:34:52effect.
67:34:54Is the danger the first purchase or how
67:34:59it changes what looks normal.
67:35:10The danger is how that purchase changes
67:35:15what looks normal to you.
67:35:19What can one new thing pull behind it?
67:35:31One new thing can pull a chain of
67:35:35spending behind it.
67:35:38Now, this is the final part. I want you
67:35:40to focus and jump into it.
67:35:43>> In a society that sells new things every
67:35:46day,
67:35:48financial freedom means noticing the
67:35:51chain
67:35:53before it starts.
67:36:00Before
67:36:09your next big purchase,
67:36:11ask if it will make you wish your other
67:36:14things were new.
67:36:26Some robes come alone.
67:36:30Others come with a new rug, a mirror to
67:36:34hang,
67:36:36and a debt folded inside.
67:36:54One final question, bro. You've done the
67:36:57whole thing. Now, let's do the final
67:36:58one.
67:37:00>> Does financial freedom mean noticing the
67:37:03chain before it starts?
67:37:14Yes,
67:37:16financial freedom means noticing the
67:37:20chain before it starts.
67:37:25Will a big purchase make you wish your
67:37:28other things were new or old?
67:37:38Ask if it will make you wish your other
67:37:41things were new.
67:37:44What do some robes come with?
67:37:55Some come with a new rug, a mirror to
67:37:59hang,
67:38:01and a debt folded inside.
67:38:11The grammar we practice today. Wish plus
67:38:15past simple. He wished his whole room
67:38:19looked as fine as the robe.
67:38:23You buy a new phone and suddenly you
67:38:26wish your old case looked newer.
67:38:30in it. He wished he had his old robe
67:38:33back.
67:38:36He wished he was the master again, not a
67:38:39slave to sculptures and a leather
67:38:41armchair.
67:38:49Congratulations.
67:38:51You practiced 423 words in this story
67:38:55and you learned a lot.
67:38:58>> Super proud of you.
67:39:10This is great. Let's give it up.
67:39:15The snowball.
67:39:21Warren Buffett. Warren Buff.
67:39:39snowball.
67:39:47Oh my god.
67:39:49Warren Buffett.
67:40:10The shred of reputation.
67:40:14>> A shred of reputation from the book The
67:40:18Snowball by Alice [clears throat]
67:40:19Schroeder.
67:40:21Ruthless.
67:40:24Resign.
67:40:26Investigator.
67:40:29Critical
67:40:31tempting
67:40:34trader
67:40:36step in
67:40:38earn back
67:40:41section
67:40:43bid.
67:40:46Lose [clears throat] money for the firm
67:40:49and I will be understanding.
67:40:53lose a shred of reputation for the firm
67:40:58and I will be ruthless.
67:41:14Warren Buffett said those words to the
67:41:17United States Congress in September
67:41:211991.
67:41:35Now, we're going to hear a question. I
67:41:37want you to answer it loudly in full
67:41:41sentences. Okay, let's go.
67:41:45>> Did Buffett say he would be ruthless
67:41:49about reputation?
67:41:59Yes. Lose a shred of reputation for the
67:42:04firm and I will be ruthless.
67:42:09Did he say those words to Congress
67:42:13or to a newspaper?
67:42:21He said those words to the United States
67:42:25Congress.
67:42:27When did he say those words?
67:42:36He said them in September 1991.
67:42:42>> Good job. Let's continue the story.
67:42:45He was talking about Salomon Brothers, a
67:42:49huge Wall Street firm caught breaking
67:42:53the rules.
67:43:05One of its traders had cheated in
67:43:07government auctions, trying to bid for
67:43:10more than allowed.
67:43:22A quick check before we move on. I want
67:43:24you to answer these questions.
67:43:27>> Was Salomon Brothers caught breaking the
67:43:31rules?
67:43:40Yes,
67:43:41it was a huge Wall Street firm caught
67:43:45breaking the rules.
67:43:48Did the trader try to bid for more or
67:43:53less than allowed?
67:44:00He tried to bid for more than allowed.
67:44:05who cheated in government auctions.
67:44:14One of its traders cheated in government
67:44:17auctions.
67:44:20>> Nice one. Let's continue.
67:44:23>> Worse, the firm's top bosses knew about
67:44:28the traders cheating and did not report
67:44:32it for months.
67:44:45the chairman resigned
67:44:48and two other top bosses resigned with
67:44:51him.
67:45:01The firm could be banned from bidding in
67:45:04government auctions.
67:45:07That could have killed it.
67:45:21>> Let's hear you. Now it's your turn to
67:45:23speak.
67:45:25Did the chairman resign?
67:45:36Yes, the chairman resigned and two other
67:45:40top bosses resigned with him.
67:45:44Could the firm be banned from bidding or
67:45:48was it safe?
67:45:56The firm could be banned from bidding in
67:45:59government auctions.
67:46:02What did the top bosses know about?
67:46:11They knew about the traders cheating.
67:46:16>> Okay, now listening mode.
67:46:20Thousands of jobs were at risk.
67:46:24Buffett's company was a major investor,
67:46:27so he was asked to step in.
67:46:41He agreed to step in as interim
67:46:46chairman.
67:46:48He was 60 years old and he did not need
67:46:52this problem.
67:47:07>> Speaking time. Try answering with words
67:47:11you just heard. Go ahead.
67:47:14Was Buffett asked to step in?
67:47:24Yes,
67:47:26he was asked to step in.
67:47:30Did he step in as interim chairman
67:47:34or as a trader?
67:47:42He agreed to step in as interim
67:47:45chairman.
67:47:47How old was he?
67:47:53He was 60 years old.
67:47:57>> Now, back to the story.
67:48:00>> Think about that moment.
67:48:04He could have stayed quiet.
67:48:07Instead, he put his name in front of the
67:48:12scandal.
67:48:26He promised that Salomon would help the
67:48:29investigators in every way.
67:48:33Nothing would be hidden.
67:48:47>> Let's see what stayed in your mind.
67:48:50Let's go.
67:48:52>> Did he stay quiet?
67:49:02No,
67:49:04instead he put his name in front of the
67:49:08scandal.
67:49:10Would something be hidden from the
67:49:12investigators
67:49:15or nothing?
67:49:20Nothing would be hidden.
67:49:23What did he promise?
67:49:33He promised that Salomon would help the
67:49:36investigators
67:49:38in every way.
67:49:42>> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep
67:49:44moving.
67:49:46>> He told every employee that any broken
67:49:50rule must be reported directly to him.
67:49:56He even gave them his home number.
67:50:12Then he gave them a simple test for any
67:50:16action they were unsure about.
67:50:28Did that make sense? Now, let's check.
67:50:31Did he give employees his home number?
67:50:41Yes, he even gave them his home number.
67:50:46Master broken rule be reported to him or
67:50:51hidden.
67:50:58Any broken rule must be reported
67:51:02directly to him.
67:51:05What did he give them for any action
67:51:08they were unsure about?
67:51:15He gave them a simple test.
67:51:20>> Now relax your voice and let's continue
67:51:23listening.
67:51:25>> He asked them to imagine the action on
67:51:28tomorrow's front page written by a smart
67:51:33critical reporter.
67:51:46Would they be happy for their family and
67:51:49friends to read it?
67:51:52If not, they should not do it.
67:52:07Okay, questions time. Let's jump into
67:52:10it.
67:52:11>> Was the deorter smart and critical?
67:52:23Yes.
67:52:25The action was written by a smart,
67:52:28critical reporter.
67:52:32Would it be on tomorrow's front page
67:52:35or the back page?
67:52:42It would be on tomorrow's front page.
67:52:47What should they do if they would not be
67:52:51happy?
67:52:52[clears throat]
67:52:57If not,
67:52:59they should not do it.
67:53:04>> Great answers. Let's see what happens
67:53:06now.
67:53:08>> Salomon still paid a very large fine
67:53:12and some people lost their careers.
67:53:25Yet the firm survived
67:53:28partly because the investigators saw his
67:53:31honesty.
67:53:34Slowly it earned back trust.
67:53:52>> Okay, speaking time. Speak your mind.
67:53:56>> Did Solomon still pay a fine?
67:54:08Yes,
67:54:10Salomon still paid a very large fine.
67:54:16Did the firm die or did it earn back
67:54:21trust?
67:54:30The firm survived
67:54:32and slowly it earned back trust.
67:54:37What did the investigators see?
67:54:47The investigators saw
67:54:50his honesty.
67:54:54[clears throat]
67:54:54>> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's
67:54:57keep it up and jump into the story.
67:55:01>> After about 10 months, he handed the
67:55:04firm to a new leader and returned to his
67:55:08own work.
67:55:19Alice Schroeder gives these months a
67:55:21whole section in the snowball.
67:55:24her long biography of Buffett.
67:55:37Great speaking time. Now, let's jump
67:55:40into the speaking time.
67:55:44>> Did he stay at the firm forever?
67:55:55No.
67:55:57After about 10 months, he handed the
67:56:00firm to a new leader.
67:56:03Does Alice Schroeder give these months a
67:56:07whole section
67:56:09or one line?
67:56:17She gives these months a whole section
67:56:21in the snowball.
67:56:24What is the snowball?
67:56:31It is her long biography of Buffett.
67:56:36>> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen.
67:56:41The lesson of that section works far
67:56:44from Wall Street.
67:56:47Your reputation travels everywhere with
67:56:51you.
67:57:04In your studies, it may be tempting to
67:57:07copy an answer or pay someone to write
67:57:11your essay.
67:57:25speaking time. I don't want you to
67:57:26overthink it. Just open your mouth and
67:57:29just talk whatever you remember from the
67:57:31story.
67:57:33>> Does the lesson of that section work far
67:57:36from Wall Street?
67:57:45Yes.
67:57:47The lesson of that section works far
67:57:49from Wall Street.
67:57:52Does your reputation stay at home or
67:57:57travel everywhere with you?
67:58:05Your reputation travels everywhere with
67:58:09you.
67:58:10What may be tempting in your studies.
67:58:23It may be tempting to copy an answer or
67:58:27pay someone to write your essay.
67:58:32>> See, English is already coming out of
67:58:35you. Now listen and let's continue.
67:58:39Now imagine that critical reporter
67:58:41again.
67:58:44Something that has been built over years
67:58:47can be lost in a minute.
67:59:03A lost mark can be earned back next
67:59:06week.
67:59:09A damaged reputation
67:59:11can follow you for years.
67:59:14[clears throat]
67:59:28Here's where you do the talking. Go
67:59:31ahead and talk and build me full
67:59:33sentences.
67:59:35Can something that has been built over
67:59:38years be lost in a minute?
67:59:49Yes.
67:59:51Something that has been built over years
67:59:54can be lost in a minute.
67:59:58Can a lost mark or a damaged reputation
68:00:03be earned back next week?
68:00:12A lost mark can be earned back next
68:00:15week.
68:00:17Who should you imagine again?
68:00:23[clears throat] Imagine
68:00:27that critical reporter again.
68:00:31>> Now, this is the time for the ending of
68:00:33the story. And here's the important the
68:00:36most important part basically. Let's
68:00:38continue.
68:00:39>> So, when a shortcut feels tempting,
68:00:43go back to his first words
68:00:47and make them yours.
68:01:02lose a mark and be understanding with
68:01:05yourself.
68:01:08Lose a shred of your honesty and be
68:01:12ruthless.
68:01:27All right, final questions. I want you
68:01:30to answer full sentences and let's go.
68:01:34>> When a shortcut feels tempting, should
68:01:38you go back to his first words?
68:01:49Yes.
68:01:51Go back to his first words and make them
68:01:55yours.
68:01:58If you lose a mark, should you be
68:02:01understanding
68:02:03or ruthless with yourself,
68:02:12lose a mark and be understanding with
68:02:16yourself.
68:02:18When should you be ruthless?
68:02:28lose a shred of your honesty and be
68:02:32ruthless.
68:02:41The grammar we practice today, passive,
68:02:44perfect and modal. The firm could be
68:02:48banned from bidding in government
68:02:50auctions.
68:02:53nothing would be hidden.
68:02:57He told every employee that any broken
68:03:00rule must be reported directly to him.
68:03:06Something that has been built over years
68:03:09can be lost in a minute.
68:03:18Congratulations.
68:03:20You practiced 420 words in this story
68:03:24and you learned a lot.
68:03:34[clears throat]
68:03:45TPRS, comprehensible input, Dr. Crash, a
68:03:47lot of things.
68:04:01That's that this is the right way.
68:04:03That's amazing. I build to last.
68:04:19Jim Collins [laughter]
68:04:5731 million bottles.
68:05:00>> 31 million bottles from the book Built
68:05:05to Last by Jim Collins and Jerry I.
68:05:09Porz.
68:05:11Overnight
68:05:13duty
68:05:15advise
68:05:18seal
68:05:20sharply
68:05:22debate
68:05:25chairman
68:05:27capsule
68:05:29pill
68:05:31come off
68:05:35late September
68:05:371982
68:05:40Near Chicago,
68:05:43several people fall ill
68:05:46after taking a command pain pill.
68:06:03Within days, seven people have died.
68:06:08Someone has put poison inside the
68:06:11capsules.
68:06:25The pill is called Tylenol,
68:06:29the leading painkiller in America.
68:06:42No one word answer. I don't want you to
68:06:44give me like ah small answers. I want
68:06:45you to give me full sentences aloud and
68:06:48when you're going to hear and listen to
68:06:50the sentence, repeat it yourself. Okay,
68:06:53let's go.
68:06:55>> Do several people fall ill
68:06:59after taking a pain pill?
68:07:10Yes,
68:07:13several people fall ill after taking a
68:07:17common pain pill.
68:07:21Is Tylenol a small brand or the leading
68:07:26painkiller in America?
68:07:34Tylenol is the leading painkiller in
68:07:37America.
68:07:39What has someone put inside the
68:07:43capsules?
68:07:51Someone has put poison inside the
68:07:55capsules.
68:07:59All right, let's see if you've guessed
68:08:00it right. Let's go to the next part of
68:08:02the story.
68:08:04It belongs to Johnson and Johnson
68:08:08and the company's chairman is a man
68:08:11called
68:08:12James Burke,
68:08:26early October.
68:08:29The police believe the poison was added
68:08:33after the bottles had reached the shops.
68:08:48Let's see what stayed in your mind.
68:08:51Let's go.
68:08:53>> Is James Burke the company's chairman?
68:09:05Yes.
68:09:08The company's chairman is a man called
68:09:11James Burke.
68:09:14Was the poison added before or after the
68:09:20bottles reached the shops?
68:09:29The poison was added
68:09:32after the bottles had reached the shops.
68:09:37Who does Tylenol
68:09:39belong to?
68:09:47It belongs to Johnson and Johnson.
68:09:54Now back to the story.
68:09:57>> So the company is not to blame.
68:10:01A stranger has done this in a few shops
68:10:07in one city.
68:10:22You might advise something simple. Take
68:10:25the bottles out of Chicago
68:10:29and wait.
68:10:41Awesome. Quiz time. Let's jump into it.
68:10:45Is the company to blame?
68:10:53No, the company is not to blame.
68:10:58Has a stranger done this or has the
68:11:02company done it?
68:11:11A stranger has done this in a few shops
68:11:17in one city.
68:11:20What simple thing might you advise?
68:11:31Take the bottles out of Chicago
68:11:36and wait.
68:11:39>> So smooth. Awesome. Now let's listen.
68:11:43>> At first, even government officials
68:11:46advise against pulling the product from
68:11:50every shop in the country.
68:12:05October 5th,
68:12:08the chairman decides anyway.
68:12:14Every bottle of Tylenol capsules in
68:12:17America must come off the shelves.
68:12:35A quick check before we move on. I want
68:12:38you to answer these questions.
68:12:41>> Do government officials advise
68:12:45pulling the product from every shop?
68:12:56No,
68:12:58at first they advise against pulling the
68:13:03product from every shop.
68:13:06Does the chairman wait or does he decide
68:13:11anyway?
68:13:17The chairman decides anyway
68:13:22what must come off the shelves.
68:13:34Every bottle of Tylenol capsules in
68:13:38America must come off the shelves.
68:13:44Good job. Let's continue the story.
68:13:47>> He has all of them collected.
68:13:51About 31 million bottles.
68:13:57Read that number again.
68:14:0131 million bottles.
68:14:18They are worth a fortune [sighs]
68:14:22and almost all of them
68:14:25are safe.
68:14:37Spotlight now is on you. I want you to
68:14:40answer the questions by actually
68:14:43talking. Let's go.
68:14:45>> Does Burke have all the bottles
68:14:48collected?
68:14:58Yes, he has all of them collected
68:15:02about 31 million bottles.
68:15:07Are most of the bottles safe
68:15:11or poisoned?
68:15:17Almost all of them are safe.
68:15:21What does Burke have collected?
68:15:31He has all the Tylenol bottles
68:15:35collected.
68:15:37Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep
68:15:40moving.
68:15:42>> He also has warnings broadcast on
68:15:45television.
68:15:48Nobody should take the capsules
68:15:52for now.
68:16:05As the bottles come off the shelves,
68:16:08the brand's share of the market falls
68:16:12sharply
68:16:13almost overnight.
68:16:27That's amazing. Now you want to speak
68:16:29what you have read and listened.
68:16:32>> Does he have warnings
68:16:35broadcast on television?
68:16:46Yes, he also has warnings broadcast on
68:16:51television.
68:16:53Does the market share fall slowly
68:16:57or sharply?
68:17:06It falls sharply
68:17:09almost overnight.
68:17:12What should nobody take for now?
68:17:22Nobody should take the capsules for now.
68:17:28>> See, English is already coming out of
68:17:30you. Now listen and let's continue.
68:17:34>> One well-known advertising man tells
68:17:37reporters that the brand will never sell
68:17:42again.
68:17:53Why does Burke move so fast?
68:17:58The hidden answer
68:18:00is a single page.
68:18:15Okay, questions time. Let's jump into
68:18:17it.
68:18:18>> Does the advertising man think the brand
68:18:23will sell
68:18:25again?
68:18:35No.
68:18:37He tells reporters that the brand will
68:18:40never sell again.
68:18:44Is the hidden answer
68:18:46a single page
68:18:50or a long book?
68:18:57The hidden answer is a single page.
68:19:03Who does the advertising man tell?
68:19:11He tells reporters.
68:19:16>> Nice one. Let's continue.
68:19:19>> It is the company's credo.
68:19:22A page of values written in the 1940s
68:19:26by an earlier leader.
68:19:39The credo says the company's first duty
68:19:43is to the people who use its products.
68:19:48Profit comes last.
68:20:05Now the floor is yours. Let's go.
68:20:08>> Was the Credo written in the 1940s?
68:20:21Yes,
68:20:23it was written in the 1940s
68:20:27by an earlier leader.
68:20:31Does profit come first or last?
68:20:40Profit comes last.
68:20:44What is the company's
68:20:47first duty?
68:20:56Its first duty is to the people who use
68:21:01its products.
68:21:04>> Now relax your voice and let's continue
68:21:07listening.
68:21:09Years before the crisis, Burke had that
68:21:12page debated by his managers line by
68:21:17line.
68:21:28Should any line change?
68:21:32They debate it openly and in the end
68:21:36they keep it.
68:21:49Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to
68:21:51answer the questions?
68:21:53>> Did Burke have that page
68:21:56debated by his managers?
68:22:07Yes.
68:22:10Years before the crisis, Burke had that
68:22:13page debated by his managers.
68:22:18Do they throw the page away
68:22:21or keep it?
68:22:27In the end, they keep it.
68:22:31How do the managers
68:22:33debate the page?
68:22:42They debate it openly,
68:22:45line by line.
68:22:49>> Okay, now listening mode.
68:22:52>> So on the worst days,
68:22:55nobody needs a new plan.
68:23:00Their duty is already written down.
68:23:17November.
68:23:20Tylenol returns to the shops.
68:23:25Burke has every new percentage closed
68:23:29with three seals.
68:23:45>> Now test yourself.
68:23:48Does Burke have every new package closed
68:23:52with three seals?
68:24:02Yes.
68:24:05Burke has every new package closed with
68:24:10three seals.
68:24:13Is their duty already written down or do
68:24:17they need a new plan?
68:24:25Their duty is already written down.
68:24:30When does Tylenol return to the shops?
68:24:39Tylenol returns to the shops in
68:24:43November.
68:24:46>> Great answers. Let's see what happens
68:24:48now.
68:24:50>> Buyers can see the seals.
68:24:54Within about a year, sales rise sharply
68:24:58and most lost customers
68:25:02come back.
68:25:16In Built to Last, Jim Collins and Jerry
68:25:19Porus use this crisis to show a real
68:25:24company value.
68:25:37Did that make sense? Now, let's check.
68:25:41Do sales rise sharply within about a
68:25:45year.
68:25:54Yes.
68:25:55Within about a year, sales rise sharply.
68:26:02Can buyers see the seals
68:26:05or are they hidden?
68:26:12Buyers can see the seals.
68:26:16Who uses this crisis to show a real
68:26:20company value?
68:26:29Jim Collins and Jerry Pace use it in
68:26:33built to last.
68:26:37>> Here's on. Now let's come to the next
68:26:39part.
68:26:40>> Trust can vanish overnight.
68:26:46A value is what you do when doing it
68:26:50cost you money.
68:27:04Doing the right thing fast builds trust
68:27:09that lasts
68:27:11for a company
68:27:13and for a person.
68:27:18Here's
68:27:28where you do the talking. Go ahead and
68:27:31talk and build me full sentences.
68:27:35>> Can trust vanish overnight?
68:27:45>> Yes.
68:27:47Trust can vanish overnight.
68:27:52Is a value what you say or what you do
68:27:57when it costs you money.
68:28:07A value is what you do when doing it
68:28:12costs you money.
68:28:15What builds trust that lasts.
68:28:27Doing the right thing fast builds trust
68:28:31that lasts.
68:28:35>> Now, this is the time for the ending of
68:28:37the story. And here's the important the
68:28:39most important part basically. Let's
68:28:41continue.
68:28:42You don't need a company for this.
68:28:47Each day you are in charge of something,
68:28:51a class task, a group project.
68:29:08Something may go wrong on your watch.
68:29:11Even when it is not your fault,
68:29:15act first and fix it fast.
68:29:34All right, final questions. I want you
68:29:37to answer full sentences and let's go.
68:29:41Do you need a company for this?
68:29:52No,
68:29:54you don't need a company for this.
68:29:59Should you wait or act first?
68:30:05Act
68:30:09first and fix it fast.
68:30:14What might you be in charge of each day?
68:30:23A class task or a group project?
68:30:35The grammar we practice today have
68:30:38something done. He has all of them
68:30:41collected about 31 million bottles.
68:30:47He also has warnings broadcast on
68:30:50television.
68:30:53Years before the crisis, Burke had that
68:30:56page debated by his managers line by
68:30:59line.
68:31:02Burke has every new package closed with
68:31:05three seals.
68:31:13Congratulations.
68:31:15You practiced 430 words in this story
68:31:19and you learned a lot.
68:31:23That's another story in your pocket.
68:31:31And you know, stories stick.
68:31:43Awesome.
68:32:05English,
68:32:17ADHD, Tik Tok.
68:32:27and I couldn't
68:32:35CBC. PC.
68:33:04Yeah. foreign.
68:33:25Okay.
68:33:42essays
68:33:52prestigious.
68:33:57Hello form,
68:34:10Tik Tok.
68:34:23Okay.
68:34:36Mhm.
68:34:50Okay.
68:35:09material.
68:35:14Okay.
68:35:36address.
68:35:50Hello.
68:36:20Amen.
68:36:56online.
68:37:06Please
68:37:09Most
68:37:36Easy.
68:38:05Okay.
68:38:11So it What is
68:38:37Oh.
68:38:55Okay.
68:39:16Uh
68:39:36We go. Okay.
68:39:55forch.
68:40:43English.
68:41:00Canada.
68:41:15show from.
68:41:21Okay.
68:41:36More.
68:41:49We eat. We eat. We eat.
68:41:59foreign.
68:42:09Okay.
68:42:16Amen.
68:42:21And I go, "Okay.
68:42:34CBTC.
68:42:38Thank you.
68:42:55Okay.
68:43:11minimum.
68:43:17Hello
68:43:25Yeah.
68:43:49Mhm.
68:43:52Mhm.
68:44:07Hallelujah.
68:44:31for
68:45:00ADHD.
68:45:03>> [laughter]
68:45:04>> Tik Tok.
68:45:19Please
68:45:48academic
68:45:50Hello
68:46:02simple present
68:46:16native
68:46:30Mhm.
68:46:33Tik Tok.
68:46:44Easy
68:46:48games.
68:47:13Okay.
68:47:15Tik Tok
68:47:28Because
68:47:53hello.
68:47:57fordulah.
68:48:31State
68:48:33of Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania State
68:48:35University.
68:48:53family.
68:49:27prestigious schools,
68:49:32AI detectors.
68:49:57English.
68:50:00foreign.
68:50:28forch.
68:50:58foreign.
68:51:21Hello
68:51:32Mhm. Okay.
68:51:39Mhm.
68:51:48Mechanic.
68:52:03Tik Tok.
68:52:08Okay.
68:52:32is thatch.
68:52:52Awesome.
68:53:15If it's something amazing, it's
68:53:16something totally crazy.
68:53:28How to win friends and influence people.
68:53:53It really helps.
68:54:06Two columns. Two columns from the book
68:54:11How to Win Friends and Influence People
68:54:14by Dale Cariegi.
68:54:17Lecture
68:54:19advantage
68:54:22ridiculous
68:54:24consider
68:54:26sheet
68:54:28heading
68:54:31educated
68:54:33convention
68:54:36disadvantage
68:54:39give in.
68:54:42Picture a sheet of hotel writing paper
68:54:47with one straight line drawn down the
68:54:51middle.
68:55:02Above one side is the word advantages.
68:55:09Above the other is the word
68:55:12disadvantages.
68:55:28Now, we're going to hear a question. I
68:55:30want you to answer it loudly in full
68:55:35sentences. Okay, let's go.
68:55:38Is there one straight line down the
68:55:43middle of the sheet?
68:55:52Yes.
68:55:54One straight line is drawn down the
68:55:59middle.
68:56:02Is the heading on one side
68:56:05advantages
68:56:08or profits?
68:56:14Above one side is the word advantages.
68:56:20What word is above the other side
68:56:32above the other is the word
68:56:35disadvantages.
68:56:39>> Now back to the story.
68:56:42That plain sheet once saved a teacher a
68:56:46lot of money.
68:56:48And it can work for you, too.
68:57:03The teacher was Dale Cariegi.
68:57:08Every season he rented the grand
68:57:11ballroom of a New York hotel.
68:57:28Now the table's turn. I'm going to ask
68:57:31you questions. You're going to do the
68:57:33talking. Let's go.
68:57:35Did that plain sheet save a teacher
68:57:40money?
68:57:48Yes,
68:57:50it once saved a teacher a lot of money.
68:57:56Did Cargi rent a small room
68:58:00or the grand ballroom?
68:58:09He rented the grand ballroom of a New
68:58:13York hotel.
68:58:15Who was the teacher?
68:58:25The teacher was
68:58:27Dale Cargi.
68:58:31>> That was amazing. Now let's continue and
68:58:34enjoy the story.
68:58:36>> He used it for 20 evenings of lectures
68:58:40on speaking and dealing with people.
68:58:53One season a letter arrived.
68:58:57It said that his rent was going to rise
68:59:00by 300%.
68:59:17>> No pressure. Um, honestly, a little bit
68:59:20pressure. I want you to answer the
68:59:22questions in full sentences.
68:59:26Did the letter say that his rent was
68:59:30going to rise?
68:59:40Yes.
68:59:42It said that his rent was going to rise
68:59:45by 300%.
68:59:49Did he give lectures
68:59:53or dinners in the ballroom?
69:00:01He gave lectures on speaking and dealing
69:00:05with people.
69:00:07How many evenings of lectures did he
69:00:10give?
69:00:17He used it for 20 evenings of lectures.
69:00:23>> Okay, now listening mode.
69:00:26>> The tickets had already been printed and
69:00:29sent out and the lectures had been
69:00:32announced.
69:00:41Put yourself in his chair.
69:00:45You have been treated unfairly and your
69:00:48plans are public.
69:01:03All right, time to prove your focusing.
69:01:06Let's jump into it. Had the tickets
69:01:10already been printed.
69:01:21Yes,
69:01:23the tickets had already been printed and
69:01:27sent out.
69:01:30Were his plans secret or already public?
69:01:36His
69:01:40plans were already public.
69:01:45Where should you put yourself?
69:01:54Put yourself
69:01:56in his chair.
69:01:59>> Now story is calling us. Let's continue.
69:02:03Most of us would march into the
69:02:05manager's office, call the price
69:02:08ridiculous, and refuse to pay.
69:02:21Cariegi knew how that argument would
69:02:24end.
69:02:27Even if the manager lost, his pride
69:02:31would not let him give in.
69:02:46Let's see what stayed in your mind.
69:02:50Let's go.
69:02:52>> Would most of us call the price
69:02:55ridiculous?
69:03:04Yes,
69:03:06most of us would call the price
69:03:08ridiculous and refuse to pay.
69:03:13Would the manager give in or would his
69:03:17pride stop him?
69:03:21His
69:03:24pride would not let him give in.
69:03:29Where would most of us march?
69:03:38Most of us would march into the
69:03:40manager's office.
69:03:43So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen.
69:03:47A couple of days later,
69:03:51he went to see the manager with a
69:03:54different plan.
69:04:07He said the letter had shocked him.
69:04:11He never called the price ridiculous or
69:04:14blamed the manager.
69:04:28Did that make sense? Now, let's check.
69:04:32>> Did Cargi say the letter had shocked
69:04:35him?
69:04:43Yes.
69:04:44He said the letter had shocked him.
69:04:49Did he call the price ridiculous
69:04:53or did he stay calm?
69:05:01He never called the price ridiculous or
69:05:05blamed the manager.
69:05:08When did he go to see the manager?
69:05:17A couple of days later, he went to see
69:05:21the manager.
69:05:24>> See, English is already coming out of
69:05:26you. Now, listen and let's continue.
69:05:30>> He told the manager that his job was to
69:05:33make as much profit for the hotel as
69:05:38possible.
69:05:50Then he took a sheet of hotel paper,
69:05:54drew a line down the middle, and wrote
69:05:57two headings.
69:06:10Now test yourself.
69:06:13>> Did he tell the manager that his job was
69:06:17to make profit?
69:06:27Yes.
69:06:29He told the manager that his job was to
69:06:33make as much profit as possible.
69:06:37Did he write one heading
69:06:41or two headings?
69:06:47He wrote two headings.
69:06:52What did he take?
69:07:00He took a sheet of hotel paper.
69:07:06Now relax your voice and let's continue
69:07:09listening.
69:07:11>> Under the first heading, advantages,
69:07:16he wrote that the ballroom would be free
69:07:19for conventions.
69:07:32He said the big conventions and events
69:07:35would pay the hotel much more than
69:07:38lectures.
69:07:49speaking time. I don't want you to
69:07:51overthink it. Just open your mouth and
69:07:54just talk whatever you remember from the
69:07:56story.
69:07:58>> Did he say that conventions would pay
69:08:00the hotel more?
69:08:11Yes.
69:08:12He said that big conventions and events
69:08:15would pay much more than lectures.
69:08:19Would the ballroom be free
69:08:23or busy under advantages?
69:08:27[clears throat]
69:08:32The ballroom would be free for
69:08:36conventions.
69:08:38What did he write under the first
69:08:41heading?
69:08:50He wrote that the ballroom would be free
69:08:54for conventions.
69:08:58>> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the
69:09:00story.
69:09:02Under disadvantages,
69:09:04he wrote that he could not pay,
69:09:08so the hotel would earn nothing from
69:09:11him.
69:09:22There was a second loss.
69:09:25His
69:09:27lectures brought crowds of educated
69:09:31people to the hotel.
69:09:45>> Okay, speaking time, speak your mind.
69:09:49>> Would the hotel earn anything from him?
69:10:01No,
69:10:02he could not pay. So the hotel would
69:10:06earn nothing from him.
69:10:09Did his lectures bring educated people
69:10:14or empty seats?
69:10:20His
69:10:24lectures brought crowds of educated
69:10:28people to the hotel.
69:10:31What did he write under disadvantages?
69:10:39He wrote that he could not pay.
69:10:45>> Here's on. Now let's come to the next
69:10:47part.
69:10:48He told the manager that those educated
69:10:52crowds were free advertising.
69:11:04He handed the sheet to the manager and
69:11:08asked him to consider both columns
69:11:11before deciding.
69:11:23That's amazing. Now you want to speak
69:11:25what you have read and listened.
69:11:29Did he tell the manager
69:11:32that the crowds were free advertising?
69:11:44Yes.
69:11:46He told the manager that those educated
69:11:50crowds were free advertising.
69:11:55Did he ask the manager to decide fast or
69:12:00to consider both columns?
69:12:10He asked him to consider both columns
69:12:14before deciding.
69:12:18[clears throat] What did he hand to the
69:12:20manager?
69:12:26He handed the sheet to the manager.
69:12:32>> Great job. Now, back to the story.
69:12:35>> The next day, a letter arrived.
69:12:39It said the rent would rise by 50%,
69:12:44not 300.
69:13:01Nobody had to give in.
69:13:05Cargi talked only about what the manager
69:13:09wanted.
69:13:24Okay, questions time. Let's jump into
69:13:26it.
69:13:28>> Did the letter say the rent would rise
69:13:31by 300%.
69:13:42No,
69:13:44it said the rent would rise by 50%, not
69:13:48300.
69:13:51Did anybody have to give in or nobody?
69:14:00Nobody had to give in.
69:14:04What did Cargi talk about?
69:14:14Cargi talked only about what the manager
69:14:19wanted.
69:14:21>> Good job. Let's continue the story
69:14:25>> in How to Win Friends and Influence
69:14:28People. This sheet is CargI's proof of
69:14:32one simple idea.
69:14:45Win people over by talking about what
69:14:49they want,
69:14:52not about what you want.
69:15:07Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and
69:15:09speak.
69:15:11>> Is this sheet Cargi's proof of one
69:15:16simple idea?
69:15:25Yes.
69:15:27This sheet is Cargi's proof of one
69:15:32simple idea.
69:15:35[snorts] Should you talk about what you
69:15:38want or what they want?
69:15:48Talk about what they want, not about
69:15:53what you want.
69:15:56How do you win people over?
69:16:07Win people over by talking about what
69:16:11they want.
69:16:14>> That's it. This is the last part of a
69:16:16story. Give it your best.
69:16:19You can use the same sheet
69:16:22before your next request.
69:16:25Draw the line yourself.
69:16:38Maybe you want extra speaking practice
69:16:41from a teacher or more responsibility at
69:16:44work.
69:16:46Write
69:16:54their advantages and disadvantages,
69:16:58not yours.
69:17:01Consider their side first,
69:17:04then start the conversation.
69:17:21The last round of questions. Let's end
69:17:24on a high note. Okay, let's go.
69:17:28>> Can you use the same sheet?
69:17:39Yes,
69:17:41you can use the same sheet.
69:17:46Should you write your advantages
69:17:50or their advantages?
69:18:00Write their advantages and
69:18:02disadvantages, not yours.
69:18:06What should you consider
69:18:09first?
69:18:17Consider their side first,
69:18:21then start the conversation.
69:18:31The grammar we practiced today reported
69:18:34speech statements. It said that his rent
69:18:38was going to rise by 300%.
69:18:44He said the letter had shocked him.
69:18:49He told the manager that his job was to
69:18:51make as much profit for the hotel as
69:18:54possible.
69:18:57He said that big conventions and events
69:19:00would pay the hotel much more than
69:19:02lectures.
69:19:09Congratulations.
69:19:11You practiced 425
69:19:14words in this story and you learned a
69:19:16lot.
69:19:19>> Finished. That's amazing.
69:19:27which is great.
69:19:39That's amazing.
69:20:00Four pilots, no controls.
69:20:03Four pilots, no controls. From the book,
69:20:07The Culture Code by Daniel Coyle.
69:20:12Crew
69:20:14steer
69:20:16emergency
69:20:18runway
69:20:21tail
69:20:23attendant
69:20:26break apart
69:20:28wheel
69:20:31report back
69:20:34strangely
69:20:37bang
69:20:41high above of Iowa. A loud sound shakes
69:20:45a passenger plane.
69:20:48It is July 1989.
69:21:05The engine in the tail has broken apart.
69:21:12Flying metal has cut the lines that move
69:21:15the controls.
69:21:31Now, we're going to hear a question. I
69:21:33want you to answer it loudly in full
69:21:37sentences. Okay, let's go.
69:21:41>> Is the plane
69:21:43high above Iowa?
69:21:54Yes. The plane is high above Iowa and a
69:21:59loud sound shakes it.
69:22:02Has the engine in the tail or in the
69:22:07wing
69:22:08broken apart?
69:22:16The engine in the tail has broken apart.
69:22:21What has the flying metal cut?
69:22:33Flying metal has cut the lines that move
69:22:38the controls.
69:22:41Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep
69:22:44moving.
69:22:46>> Captain Al Haynes pulls the wheel.
69:22:51Nothing happens.
69:22:54The plane starts to turn strangely all
69:22:58by itself.
69:23:13There are 296
69:23:15people on board
69:23:18and no pilot has ever trained for this
69:23:22emergency.
69:23:35Let's hear you. Now it's your turn to
69:23:37speak. Does the plane turn when the
69:23:41captain pulls the wheel?
69:23:52No,
69:23:54nothing happens when he pulls the wheel.
69:23:59The plane turns strangely all by itself.
69:24:05Are there 296
69:24:08people on board
69:24:10or only 20?
69:24:19There are 296
69:24:22people on board.
69:24:26What has no pilot ever trained for?
69:24:36No pilot has ever trained for this
69:24:40emergency.
69:24:43So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen.
69:24:47>> In the cabin sits another pilot, Denny
69:24:50Fitch, a trainer for the same airline.
69:25:03He feels the plane move strangely
69:25:09through a flight attendant. He offers to
69:25:12help.
69:25:25>> Okay, questions time. Let's jump into
69:25:27it.
69:25:29>> Is Denny Fitch sitting in the cockpit?
69:25:41No,
69:25:43Denny Fitch sits in the cabin.
69:25:47He is a trainer for the same airline.
69:25:52Does Fitch feel the plane move strangely
69:25:57or smoothly?
69:26:06He feels the plane move
69:26:09strangely.
69:26:12How does Fitch offer to help?
69:26:21Through a flight attendant. He offers to
69:26:24help.
69:26:26>> That was amazing. Now, let's continue
69:26:29and enjoy the story.
69:26:31Now imagine you are the captain with
69:26:34decades of flying behind you.
69:26:44Many captains would say no.
69:26:49Asking a stranger for help can feel like
69:26:53weakness.
69:27:06Spotlight now is on you. I want you to
69:27:08answer the questions by actually
69:27:12talking. Let's go.
69:27:14>> Do you have decades of flying behind
69:27:17you?
69:27:25>> Yes. Imagine
69:27:29you were the captain with decades of
69:27:32flying behind you.
69:27:35Would many captains say yes or no?
69:27:44Many captains would say no.
69:27:49What can feel like weakness?
69:27:59Asking a stranger for help can feel like
69:28:02weakness.
69:28:05>> Great answers. Let's see what happens
69:28:08now.
69:28:09>> The captain says
69:28:12yes.
69:28:15Fitch comes in and takes one job.
69:28:19The power of the two working engines.
69:28:37Nobody is able to steer with the wheel.
69:28:43So they steer with engine power alone.
69:28:48More on one side
69:28:50turns the plane.
69:29:06a quick check before we move on. I want
69:29:09you to answer these questions.
69:29:12>> Is anybody able to steer with the wheel?
69:29:24No,
69:29:25nobody is able to steer with the wheel.
69:29:31Do they steer with engine power
69:29:34or with the wheel?
69:29:41They steer with engine power alone.
69:29:46What job does Fitch take?
69:29:58Fitch takes one job. The power of the
69:30:02two working engines.
69:30:07>> Now Story's calling us. Let's continue.
69:30:10The captain keeps asking the others what
69:30:13they think
69:30:15and he listens.
69:30:25The crew speaks freely.
69:30:29They share ideas, try them, and report
69:30:33back in short, calm sentences.
69:30:50every sentence.
69:30:52Speak it out loud. Okay, let's go.
69:30:56>> Does the captain listen to the others?
69:31:07Yes.
69:31:09He keeps asking the others what they
69:31:11think and he listens.
69:31:15Does the crew speak freely or stay
69:31:19silent?
69:31:24The crew speaks freely.
69:31:28How does the crew report back?
69:31:37They report back in short, calm
69:31:41sentences.
69:31:44>> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the
69:31:47story.
69:31:48>> Even when the news they report back is
69:31:51bad,
69:31:53their voices stay steady.
69:31:57They even joke.
69:32:10For 44 minutes,
69:32:15a small team manages to fly a plane
69:32:19that should not fly at all.
69:32:36Great. Speaking time. Now, let's jump
69:32:40into the speaking time.
69:32:43>> Is the news they report back always
69:32:47good?
69:32:56No.
69:32:58Even when the news they report back is
69:33:00bad,
69:33:02their voices stay steady.
69:33:06Do they joke or do they shout at each
69:33:10other?
69:33:13Their
69:33:17voices stay steady and they even joke.
69:33:23How long does the small team manage to
69:33:27fly the plane
69:33:36for 44 minutes? A small team manages to
69:33:41fly a plane that should not fly at all.
69:33:48>> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's
69:33:51keep it up and jump into the story.
69:33:54>> Behind them, the flight attendants
69:33:57prepare the passengers
69:34:00for a hard landing.
69:34:12Somehow they managed to reach the runway
69:34:15at Sue City.
69:34:19They are coming in far too fast.
69:34:36Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to
69:34:38answer the questions?
69:34:41>> Do the flight attendants prepare the
69:34:43passengers for a soft landing?
69:34:55No.
69:34:57The flight attendants prepare the
69:34:59passengers for a hard landing.
69:35:04Do they manage to reach the runway
69:35:08or do they miss it?
69:35:16Somehow they manage to reach the runway
69:35:20at Sue City.
69:35:23How fast are they coming in?
69:35:31They are coming in far too fast.
69:35:37>> All right, let's see if you've guessed
69:35:38it right. Let's go to the next part of
69:35:40the story.
69:35:42>> The plane hits the runway hard, breaks
69:35:46apart, and catches fire.
69:35:50Its tail torn away.
69:35:55Rescue teams are ready. Warned by the
69:35:58crew.
69:36:13Many people die.
69:36:16Yet
69:36:18184 of the people on board are able to
69:36:23survive.
69:36:38Let's see what stayed in your mind.
69:36:41Let's go.
69:36:43>> Does the plane break apart
69:36:46when it hits the runway?
69:36:57Yes. The plane hits the runway hard,
69:37:02breaks apart, and catches fire.
69:37:08Is the tail torn away,
69:37:12or the nose?
69:37:18Its tail is torn away.
69:37:23How many people are able to survive
69:37:35yet 184 of the people on board are able
69:37:40to survive.
69:37:44>> Nice one. Let's continue.
69:37:47>> Later, other crews tried this emergency
69:37:50in simulators.
69:37:54>> None of them managed to land safely.
69:38:09In the culture code, Daniel Coyle
69:38:13studies the cockpit recording.
69:38:17He notices something surprising about
69:38:20the captain.
69:38:27Here's
69:38:36where you do the talking. Go ahead and
69:38:39talk and build me full sentences.
69:38:43>> Did the other crews manage to land
69:38:46safely in simulators?
69:38:57No,
69:38:59other crews tried this emergency in
69:39:02simulators.
69:39:04None of them managed to land safely.
69:39:10Does Daniel Coyle study the cockpit
69:39:13recording
69:39:14or the plane?
69:39:22Daniel Coyle studies the cockpit
69:39:26recording.
69:39:28What does Coyle notice?
69:39:37He notices something surprising about
69:39:40the captain.
69:39:43>> Here's on. Now let's come to the next
69:39:45part.
69:39:46The captain does not act like a hero who
69:39:50knows everything.
69:39:54He shows again and again that he needs
69:39:58others.
69:40:12Coil's point is simple.
69:40:15When a leader admits a weakness, the
69:40:19team feels safe enough to give
69:40:22everything.
69:40:37>> All right, time to prove your focusing.
69:40:40Let's jump into it.
69:40:42Does the captain act like a hero who
69:40:46knows everything?
69:40:56No,
69:40:58the captain does not act like a hero
69:41:03who knows everything.
69:41:07Does he show that he needs others
69:41:09[gasps]
69:41:12or that he needs nobody?
69:41:21He shows again and again that he needs
69:41:25others.
69:41:28When does the team feel safe enough to
69:41:31give everything?
69:41:41When a leader admits a weakness,
69:41:45the team feels safe enough to give
69:41:49everything.
69:41:52>> Okay, now listening mode.
69:41:55The captain later said teamwork saved
69:41:58them.
69:42:01No single pilot he believed would have
69:42:04been able to land that plane.
69:42:20You will probably never fly a broken
69:42:23plane,
69:42:25but you will face problems that are
69:42:29bigger than you.
69:42:43Okay, questions time.
69:42:46>> Would a single pilot have been able to
69:42:49land that plane?
69:42:59No.
69:43:01No single pilot he believed would have
69:43:05been able to land that plane.
69:43:08Did the captain say teamwork
69:43:12or luck saved them?
69:43:20The captain later said teamwork saved
69:43:24them.
69:43:26What will you face
69:43:29even if you never fly a broken plane?
69:43:41You will face problems that are bigger
69:43:44than you.
69:43:47>> And now the big finish.
69:43:51>> It could be a hard project at work
69:43:55or a presentation in English next week.
69:44:10In those moments, don't ask, "How can I
69:44:14look strong?"
69:44:16Ask, "Who here knows something I don't?
69:44:35The last round of questions. Let's end
69:44:38on a high note. Okay, let's go.
69:44:42>> Could a hard project at work be one of
69:44:46those problems?
69:44:56Yes,
69:44:58it could be a hard project at work
69:45:02or a presentation in English next week.
69:45:07Should you ask how to look strong
69:45:11or who knows something you don't?
69:45:23Don't ask how you can look strong.
69:45:28Ask who here knows something you don't.
69:45:33When should you ask who knows something
69:45:37you don't?
69:45:46In those moments when you face problems
69:45:50that are bigger than you.
69:46:00The grammar we practice today be able to
69:46:04manage to. Nobody is able to steer with
69:46:08the wheel.
69:46:11For 44 minutes, a small team manages to
69:46:15fly a plane that should not fly at all.
69:46:20Somehow they managed to reach the runway
69:46:23at Sue City.
69:46:26Yet 184 of the people on board are able
69:46:30to survive.
69:46:38Congratulations.
69:46:40You practiced 426
69:46:43words in this story and you learned a
69:46:46lot.
69:46:48Great job.
69:47:00That's amazing.
69:47:09And that's such an amazing thing.
69:47:35What's the difference?
69:47:37Motorbikes
69:47:39against satellites.
69:47:41>> Motorbikes against satellites from the
69:47:45book Blink by Malcolm Gladwell.
69:47:49Military
69:47:51equipment.
69:47:54Fleet.
69:47:56Opposite.
69:47:58Commander,
69:48:00satellite,
69:48:03protest,
69:48:05coast,
69:48:07planner,
69:48:10messenger.
69:48:13In 2002,
69:48:16a retired general was given what looked
69:48:19like
69:48:21an impossible job.
69:48:37The American military was running its
69:48:39biggest, most expensive war game ever.
69:48:45It cost $250
69:48:48million.
69:49:05Now, we're going to hear a question. I
69:49:07want you to answer it loudly in full
69:49:11sentences. Okay, let's go.
69:49:15>> Was the war game run by the American
69:49:19military?
69:49:28Yes,
69:49:30the American military was running its
69:49:33biggest war game ever.
69:49:37Did the game cost $250
69:49:41million
69:49:43or much less?
69:49:52It cost $250
69:49:56million.
69:49:59What was the retired general given?
69:50:10He was given what looked like an
69:50:14impossible job.
69:50:18See, English is already coming out of
69:50:21you. Now listen and let's continue.
69:50:24>> Nobody is really hurt in a war game.
69:50:28Computers and troops test how a war
69:50:32might go.
69:50:44The general Paul van Riper was asked to
69:50:48lead the enemy side which was called red
69:50:53team.
69:51:07Okay, questions time. Let's jump into
69:51:10it.
69:51:11>> Is anybody
69:51:13really hurt in a war game?
69:51:23No. Nobody is really hurt in a war game.
69:51:30Did Van Riper lead blue team
69:51:34or the enemy side?
69:51:44He was asked to lead the enemy side
69:51:47which was called red team.
69:51:52What do computers and troops test?
69:52:01They test how a war might go.
69:52:07Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep
69:52:09moving.
69:52:12>> Blue team had everything.
69:52:14Satellites, powerful computers, and a
69:52:18system to track every enemy move.
69:52:33Blue's planners gathered information in
69:52:37order to predict and control the whole
69:52:42battle.
69:52:55Spotlight now is on you. I want you to
69:52:58answer the questions by actually
69:53:01talking. Let's go.
69:53:03>> Did Blue team have satellites?
69:53:15Yes,
69:53:17Blue Team had satellites and powerful
69:53:21computers.
69:53:23Were the planners on blue team or on red
69:53:27team?
69:53:32They were blues planners.
69:53:37Why did Blues planners gather
69:53:40information?
69:53:49They gathered information in order to
69:53:52predict and control the whole battle.
69:53:58>> Great answers. Let's see what happens
69:54:01now.
69:54:02>> Van Riper had much less
69:54:05older ships, small boats along the
69:54:09coast,
69:54:10and a fraction of the equipment.
69:54:25What would you do in his place?
69:54:30Most people would say you should copy
69:54:32the stronger side.
69:54:45That's amazing. Now you want to speak
69:54:48what you have read and listened.
69:54:51>> Did Van Riper have more equipment than
69:54:55Blue?
69:55:05No,
69:55:07he had a fraction of the equipment.
69:55:12Were his small boats along the coast or
69:55:17far out at sea?
69:55:24His small boats were along the coast.
69:55:29What would most people say you should
69:55:33do?
69:55:35[clears throat]
69:55:40Most people would say you should copy
69:55:42the stronger side.
69:55:46That was amazing. Now, let's continue
69:55:49and enjoy the story.
69:55:51>> Buy more equipment, collect more data,
69:55:55and make a bigger plan.
69:55:59>> [clears throat]
69:55:59>> That is the normal answer.
69:56:14He did the opposite.
69:56:18He knew that Blue was listening to every
69:56:22radio message and phone call.
69:56:26Awesome.
69:56:38Now it's speaking turn.
69:56:41>> Is buying more equipment the normal
69:56:44answer.
69:56:53Yes.
69:56:55Buy more equipment and make a bigger
69:56:59plan.
69:57:02That is the normal answer.
69:57:06Did Van Riper copy Blue or did he do the
69:57:11opposite?
69:57:17He did the opposite.
69:57:21What was Blue listening to?
69:57:32Blue was listening to every radio
69:57:35message and phone call.
69:57:40>> All right, let's see if you've guessed
69:57:42it right. Let's go to the next part of
69:57:43the story.
69:57:45>> In a war of satellites,
69:57:48he sent orders by messengers
69:57:52on motorbikes.
69:57:54So the blue could not listen.
69:58:10He used lights as in old wars in order
69:58:14to launch planes without radio.
69:58:29Speaking time. Try answering with words
69:58:32you just heard. Go ahead.
69:58:35>> Did he send orders by messengers on
69:58:40motorbikes?
69:58:49Yes.
69:58:51He sent orders by messengers on
69:58:54motorbikes.
69:58:57Did he use lights or radio in order to
69:59:02launch planes?
69:59:10He used lights in order to launch planes
69:59:14without radio.
69:59:18Why did he use messengers on motorbikes?
69:59:28He used them so the blue could not
69:59:31listen.
69:59:34>> Good job. Let's continue the story.
69:59:37>> He refused to plan every detail.
69:59:42He gave his commanders a clear goal so
69:59:46that they could decide quickly.
70:00:02When Blue's fleet moved close to Red's
70:00:05coast, Red's commanders struck first,
70:00:10fast, and from many directions.
70:00:26>> Okay. Speaking time. Speak your mind.
70:00:30Did he plan every detail?
70:00:41No.
70:00:43He refused to plan every detail.
70:00:48Did he give his commanders a clear goal
70:00:52or a long plan?
70:01:02He gave his commanders a clear goal so
70:01:06that they could decide quickly
70:01:09where was Blue's fleet when red struck
70:01:13first.
70:01:20Blue's fleet was close to Red's coast.
70:01:26Now stories calling us. Let's continue.
70:01:30>> Missiles and small fast boats came at
70:01:34the ships together.
70:01:38Blue's computers could not keep up.
70:01:5416 of Blue's warships went to the bottom
70:01:58of the sea in the game at least.
70:02:14>> Okay, questions time.
70:02:17Could Blue's computers keep up?
70:02:26No.
70:02:28Blue's computers could not keep up.
70:02:33Did six or 16 of Blue's warships go to
70:02:38the bottom?
70:02:4616 of Blue's warships went to the bottom
70:02:50of the sea.
70:02:53What came at the ships together,
70:03:03missiles and small fast boats came at
70:03:07the ships together.
70:03:11Now relax your voice and let's continue
70:03:14listening.
70:03:16>> The most powerful military on earth had
70:03:20been beaten by messengers,
70:03:22speed, and simple ideas.
70:03:39Then the organizers stopped the game and
70:03:42put the sunken ships back in the water.
70:03:56>> Awesome. Quiz time. Let's jump into it.
70:04:00Had the most powerful military on earth
70:04:04been beaten?
70:04:13Yes, it had been beaten by messengers,
70:04:19speed, and simple ideas.
70:04:23Did the organizers continue the game or
70:04:27stop it?
70:04:33The organizers
70:04:35stopped the game.
70:04:38Where did the organizers put the sunken
70:04:41ships?
70:04:49They put the sunken ships back in the
70:04:53water.
70:04:55>> Here's on. Now, let's come to the next
70:04:57part.
70:04:58The game restarted
70:05:02and Van Riper later said the rules were
70:05:06changed so that blue would win.
70:05:24He soon left the game in protest.
70:05:26[sighs and gasps]
70:05:27His
70:05:29protest carried a warning.
70:05:33The planners had missed the lesson that
70:05:37sank their fleet.
70:05:53Speaking time. I don't want you to
70:05:54overthink it. Just open your mouth and
70:05:57just talk whatever you remember from the
70:06:00story.
70:06:01>> Did Fan Riper stay in the game?
70:06:11No. He soon left the game in protest.
70:06:17Were the rules changed so that blue
70:06:21would win or so that red would win?
70:06:32He said the rules were changed so that
70:06:36blue would win.
70:06:39What had the planners missed?
70:06:47The planners had missed the lesson that
70:06:50sank their fleet.
70:06:54>> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's
70:06:57keep it up and jump into the story.
70:07:00>> Malcolm Gladwell uses this war game in
70:07:04Blink to show the power of fast, simple
70:07:08decisions.
70:07:20More information is not always better.
70:07:24Speed and simple decisions can beat
70:07:28heavy planning.
70:07:41No pressure. Um, honestly, a little bit
70:07:44pressure. I want you to answer the
70:07:46questions in full sentences.
70:07:50>> Is more information always better?
70:08:01No.
70:08:03More information is not always better.
70:08:07Does Gladwell show the power of fast
70:08:11decisions
70:08:13or slow decisions?
70:08:22He shows the power of fast, simple
70:08:26decisions.
70:08:29What can beat heavy planning?
70:08:38Speed and simple decisions can beat
70:08:40heavy planning.
70:08:44>> Nice one. Let's continue.
70:08:48>> Many English learners live like blue
70:08:51team.
70:08:52They collect apps and books, plan for
70:08:56weeks,
70:08:57and never begin.
70:09:12try the opposite as a small experiment
70:09:16this week.
70:09:18Choose one simple method and start it
70:09:23today.
70:09:38All right, time to prove your focusing.
70:09:41Let's jump into it.
70:09:43>> Do many English learners live like blue
70:09:47team?
70:09:55Yes.
70:09:57Many English learners live like blue
70:10:00team.
70:10:02Do they begin quickly or plan for weeks?
70:10:13They plan for weeks and never begin.
70:10:18What should you try this week?
70:10:28Try the opposite as a small experiment
70:10:32this week.
70:10:34>> And now the big finish.
70:10:39>> Speak about your day in English each
70:10:41morning for 2 minutes with no notes and
70:10:46no plan.
70:10:57After 7 days, look at what has changed.
70:11:03Then decide your next move quickly like
70:11:08red team.
70:11:23One final question, bro. You've done the
70:11:26whole thing. Now, let's do the final
70:11:28one.
70:11:29>> Should you use notes when you speak each
70:11:33morning?
70:11:42No.
70:11:44Speak for 2 minutes with no notes and no
70:11:49plan.
70:11:52Should you speak for 2 minutes or 2
70:11:56hours?
70:12:03Speak about your day in English for 2
70:12:07minutes.
70:12:09When should you look at what has changed
70:12:21after 7 days? Look at what has changed
70:12:34the grammar we practice today. So that
70:12:38in order to blue's planners gathered
70:12:41information in order to predict and
70:12:44control the whole battle.
70:12:48In a war of satellites, he sent orders
70:12:50by messengers on motorbikes so that blue
70:12:53could not listen.
70:12:57He used lights as in old wars in order
70:13:00to launch planes without radio.
70:13:05He gave his commanders a clear goal so
70:13:08that they could decide quickly.
70:13:17Congratulations.
70:13:19You practiced 428
70:13:21words in this story and you learned a
70:13:24lot.
70:13:27Okay.
70:13:36So if you think about it, you're
70:13:38learning
70:13:40very key lessons that are going to
70:13:43improve your your your whole mindset.
70:13:46That's amazing. Awesome. That's super
70:13:48amazing. Now we're starting a new level.
70:13:56Awesome.
70:14:02Blue Ocean Strategy.
70:14:28What
70:14:52Yeah, that's how it works. Let's jump
70:14:53into this new story. The night ride. The
70:14:58Night Ride
70:15:00from the book Blue Ocean Strategy by
70:15:03Wchan Kim and Renee Moborn.
70:15:07Gang,
70:15:10aggressive,
70:15:12manageable,
70:15:14beggar,
70:15:16dodge,
70:15:18tipping point,
70:15:21edge away,
70:15:24fair,
70:15:26graffiti.
70:15:28Transit,
70:15:31a small brass coin
70:15:34with a steel dot at its center.
70:15:39In 1990, this token was the ticket into
70:15:44New York's subway.
70:15:58Millions used it every day,
70:16:02and many felt afraid the moment they
70:16:05passed the gates.
70:16:17That's amazing. I want you to listen to
70:16:20the questions and answer in sentences.
70:16:24Build full sentences, not just words.
70:16:26Okay, let's go.
70:16:29>> Was the token
70:16:31the ticket into New York's
70:16:34subway?
70:16:43Yes.
70:16:45In 1990,
70:16:47this token was the ticket into New York
70:16:52subway.
70:16:55Did people feel safe
70:16:58or afraid at the gates?
70:17:06Many felt afraid the moment they passed
70:17:09the gates.
70:17:12How many people used the token every
70:17:15day?
70:17:20Millions used it every day.
70:17:26>> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the
70:17:28story.
70:17:30The trains were covered in graffiti.
70:17:34Stations had become home to gangs,
70:17:38aggressive beggars,
70:17:40and people who dodged the fair.
70:17:55Now, picture a quiet meeting room where
70:17:59senior officers of the transit police
70:18:02are reviewing reports.
70:18:14>> Awesome. Quiz time. Let's jump into it.
70:18:19>> Were the trains clean?
70:18:27No,
70:18:29the trains were covered in graffiti.
70:18:33Were the stations home to gangs
70:18:37or to tourists?
70:18:46They were home to gangs,
70:18:49aggressive beggars,
70:18:52and people who dodged the fair.
70:18:55Who is reviewing reports in the meeting
70:18:59room?
70:19:06Senior officers of the transit police
70:19:09are reviewing reports.
70:19:14Here's odd. Now, let's come to the next
70:19:16part.
70:19:17>> The charts are neat.
70:19:20Crime is a problem, the officers agree,
70:19:24though a manageable one, not the
70:19:27disaster the newspapers describe.
70:19:42If you had sat in that room, you might
70:19:45have agreed with them.
70:19:48Reports feel serious and objective.
70:20:04Every sentence,
70:20:06speak it out loud. Okay, let's go.
70:20:09>> Do the officers think crime is a
70:20:13disaster?
70:20:21No.
70:20:23Crime is a problem. They agree though a
70:20:26manageable one.
70:20:29Are the charts neat or messy?
70:20:36The charts are neat.
70:20:39How do reports feel?
70:20:47Reports feel serious and objective.
70:20:53Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's
70:20:56keep it up and jump into the story.
70:21:00>> Then a new chief arrived.
70:21:05His name was Bill Bratton,
70:21:09and he had already led police forces in
70:21:12Boston.
70:21:25He soon discovered something that none
70:21:28of the charts could show.
70:21:37>> Okay, questions time. Had Bratton
70:21:41already led police forces in Boston.
70:21:54Yes,
70:21:55he had already led police forces in
70:21:59Boston.
70:22:01Did the charts show his discovery or
70:22:05could none of them show it?
70:22:13He discovered something that none of the
70:22:17charts could show.
70:22:20Who arrived as the new chief?
70:22:27Bill Bratton arrived as the new chief.
70:22:33>> Now relax your voice and let's continue
70:22:36listening.
70:22:37Almost none of the senior transit
70:22:40officers rode the subway.
70:22:46They traveled to work in cars provided
70:22:49by the city.
70:23:02For years they had been judging the
70:23:05underground from above ground
70:23:10through numbers
70:23:12while passengers lived it daily.
70:23:28>> Let's hear you. Now it's your turn to
70:23:30speak.
70:23:32>> Had the senior officers been riding the
70:23:35subway?
70:23:43No, they hadn't.
70:23:46They traveled to work in cars provided
70:23:50by the city.
70:23:52Had they been judging it from above
70:23:54ground or from inside the trains?
70:24:06They had been judging the underground
70:24:09from above ground through numbers.
70:24:13How did the senior transit officers
70:24:16travel to work?
70:24:23They traveled to work in cars provided
70:24:26by the city.
70:24:29>> See, English is already coming out of
70:24:32you. Now listen and let's continue.
70:24:36So he gave a surprising order.
70:24:40Every senior officer, starting with
70:24:43himself, would ride the trains,
70:24:47including at night.
70:25:02The first rides were a shock.
70:25:06The officers watched young men jump the
70:25:09gates and passengers edge away from
70:25:12gangs.
70:25:26Now the floors yours. Let's go.
70:25:30>> Did Bratton ride the trains, too?
70:25:40Yes,
70:25:42every senior officer starting with
70:25:44himself would ride the trains.
70:25:49Were the first rides a shock or a
70:25:52pleasure?
70:25:58The first rides were a shock.
70:26:02What did the passengers do near the
70:26:05gangs?
70:26:10The passengers edged away from gangs.
70:26:15>> Nice one. Let's continue.
70:26:18>> They smelled the dirty stations, saw the
70:26:22graffiti up close, and felt the fear on
70:26:26late trains.
70:26:38Riders had been edging away from
70:26:40aggressive beggars for years.
70:26:44Now the leaders stood where those riders
70:26:48stood every day.
70:27:03Now the table's turn. I'm going to ask
70:27:06you questions. You're going to do the
70:27:08talking. Let's go.
70:27:10Had riders been edging away from
70:27:13aggressive beggars
70:27:15for years?
70:27:24Yes.
70:27:27Riders had been edging away from
70:27:29aggressive beggars
70:27:31for years.
70:27:34Did the officers see the graffiti up
70:27:37close or only in reports?
70:27:44They saw the graffiti up close.
70:27:49What did the officers feel on late
70:27:52trains?
70:28:00They felt the fear on late trains.
70:28:07Great job. Now back to the story.
70:28:10>> Nobody needed persuading. Now
70:28:14with no big new budget, Bratton focused
70:28:17his limited officers where most trouble
70:28:21began.
70:28:34One early target was fair dodging.
70:28:39Many people wanted for serious crimes,
70:28:42it turned out, had been jumping the
70:28:45gates, too.
70:28:59Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to
70:29:01answer the questions?
70:29:03>> Did Breton get a big new budget?
70:29:13No.
70:29:15With no big new budget, he focused his
70:29:19limited officers where most trouble
70:29:22began.
70:29:24Was an early target fair dodging or
70:29:28graffiti?
70:29:34One early target was fair dodging.
70:29:39What had many wanted people been doing?
70:29:50Many people wanted for serious crimes
70:29:53had been jumping the gates.
70:29:58>> Great answers. Let's see what happens
70:30:00now.
70:30:01>> Within a few years, subway crime had
70:30:04fallen sharply
70:30:07and riders slowly began trusting the
70:30:10trains again.
70:30:23His story is told in blue ocean strategy
70:30:28as an example of what its authors call
70:30:31tipping point leadership.
70:30:46Okay, voice is up. Now, here comes the
70:30:49questions.
70:30:51>> Did subway crime fall sharply?
70:31:02>> Yes.
70:31:04Within a few years, subway crime had
70:31:07fallen sharply.
70:31:10Did riders stop trusting the trains
70:31:15or begin trusting them again?
70:31:23Riders slowly began trusting the trains
70:31:27again.
70:31:29What do the authors call this kind of
70:31:32leadership?
70:31:38They call it tipping point leadership.
70:31:44>> Good job. Let's continue the story.
70:31:48>> The tipping point was not a bigger
70:31:51budget or a better chart.
70:31:55It was one uncomfortable ride.
70:32:11The officers had been reading the
70:32:13numbers correctly
70:32:15and missing the reality underneath them.
70:32:27Spotlight now is on you. I want you to
70:32:30answer the questions by actually
70:32:33talking. Let's go.
70:32:35>> Was the tipping point a bigger budget?
70:32:46>> No,
70:32:48the tipping point was not a bigger
70:32:51budget.
70:32:53It was one uncomfortable ride.
70:32:58Had the officers been reading the
70:33:00numbers correctly or wrongly?
70:33:08They had been reading the numbers
70:33:12correctly.
70:33:14What had the officers been missing?
70:33:23They had been missing the reality
70:33:27underneath the numbers.
70:33:31>> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen.
70:33:35>> If you want people to fix a problem,
70:33:38make them see it with their own eyes.
70:33:43Reports rarely move people.
70:33:58Your English works the same way.
70:34:02Here you are the one in the meeting
70:34:04room.
70:34:14Speaking time. I don't want you to
70:34:16overthink it. Just open your mouth and
70:34:18just talk whatever you remember from the
70:34:20story.
70:34:22>> Do reports usually move people?
70:34:31>> No.
70:34:33Reports rarely move people.
70:34:37Should people see a problem in reports
70:34:41or with their own eyes?
70:34:48Make them see it with their own eyes.
70:34:53Who is in the meeting room now?
70:34:59Here you are the one in the meeting
70:35:01room.
70:35:04>> All right, let's see if you've guessed
70:35:06it right. Let's go to the next part of
70:35:07the story.
70:35:09>> Your notes may say that your speaking is
70:35:12fine.
70:35:14Your teacher's comments may sound polite
70:35:18and manageable.
70:35:30No chart will show you what your
70:35:32listener hears.
70:35:36The pauses, the repeats, the easy words
70:35:40you hide behind.
70:35:55Did that make sense? Now, let's check.
70:35:58>> Do your teacher's comments sound harsh?
70:36:09No,
70:36:10they may sound polite and manageable.
70:36:15Do your notes say your speaking is fine
70:36:20or bad?
70:36:26Your notes may say that your speaking is
70:36:30fine.
70:36:32What does your listener hear?
70:36:42The pauses, the repeats, and the easy
70:36:46words you hide behind.
70:36:50>> Now, this is the final part. I want you
70:36:52to focus and jump into it.
70:36:55>> So, ride your own train.
70:37:01Record yourself answering one real
70:37:04question for 2 minutes without stopping.
70:37:20Picture yourself tonight hearing that
70:37:24recording as your listener would.
70:37:28It may be uncomfortable
70:37:31and it will be real.
70:37:46>> One final question, bro. You've done the
70:37:49whole thing. Now, let's do the final
70:37:50one.
70:37:52>> Should you stop while you record?
70:38:03No.
70:38:05Record yourself answering one real
70:38:08question without stopping.
70:38:12Should you record for 2 minutes
70:38:16or 2 hours?
70:38:23Record yourself
70:38:26for two minutes.
70:38:29How may the recording feel?
70:38:38It may be uncomfortable and it will be
70:38:42real.
70:38:50The grammar we practice today, past
70:38:54perfect continuous. For years they had
70:38:57been judging the underground from above
70:38:59ground through numbers, while passengers
70:39:02lived it daily.
70:39:05Riders had been edging away from
70:39:07aggressive beggars for years.
70:39:12Many people wanted for serious crimes,
70:39:14it turned out, had been jumping the
70:39:16gates, too.
70:39:20The officers had been reading the
70:39:22numbers correctly and missing the
70:39:24reality underneath them.
70:39:33Congratulations,
70:39:35you practiced 468
70:39:38words in this story. And you learned a
70:39:41lot.
70:39:43>> Awesome. A full story in English.
70:39:52That's a huge huge achievement.
70:39:59Great job.
70:40:05Inshallah.
70:40:34Shanic and let's keep going. The next
70:40:36story is from measure what matters book
70:40:39and that really focuses on how to focus
70:40:42on building the numbers that matters
70:40:47KPIs
70:40:5920 million 20 million from the book
70:41:04Measure what matters.
70:41:06by John Dur.
70:41:08Stretch goal.
70:41:11Set the bar
70:41:14in a row.
70:41:17Rise to
70:41:20the outside.
70:41:23Fall short.
70:41:25Milestone.
70:41:28Set goals.
70:41:31Do the opposite.
70:41:34exceed.
70:41:38September 2008,
70:41:42a small team at Google is about to
70:41:45release a new web browser called Chrome.
70:42:03The man leading the project is Sunda
70:42:06Pichai, a soft-spoken product leader who
70:42:10grew up in Chennai, India.
70:42:23That's amazing. I want you to listen to
70:42:26the questions and answer in sentences.
70:42:29[clears throat]
70:42:30Build full sentences, not just words.
70:42:32Okay, let's go.
70:42:35Is Google about to release a new web
70:42:40browser?
70:42:49Yes,
70:42:51a small team at Google is about to
70:42:54release a new web browser called Chrome.
70:43:00Is Pitchai loud
70:43:03or softspoken?
70:43:10Pichai is a softspoken product leader.
70:43:15Where did Sunda Pichai grow up?
70:43:23He grew up in Chennai, India.
70:43:28>> So smooth. Awesome. Now let's listen.
70:43:32>> Google sets goals with a system John Der
70:43:36brought there and later described in his
70:43:38book, Measure What Matters.
70:43:52Every team writes a few big objectives,
70:43:55each with a handful of measurable key
70:43:58results.
70:44:09Let's see what stayed in your mind.
70:44:12Let's go.
70:44:14Does Google set goals with John Dur's
70:44:18system?
70:44:26Yes.
70:44:28Google sets goals with a system John Dur
70:44:32brought there.
70:44:35Does every team write many objectives or
70:44:38a few big ones?
70:44:45Every team writes a few big objectives.
70:44:50What does each objective have?
70:45:01Each objective has a handful of
70:45:04measurable key results.
70:45:10>> All right, let's see if you've guessed
70:45:11it right. Let's go to the next part of
70:45:13the story.
70:45:15>> There is one unusual rule.
70:45:19The best target is a stretch goal set so
70:45:24high that nobody is sure it can be
70:45:27reached.
70:45:40So, Pichai writes a key result for the
70:45:42year. By December, 20 million people
70:45:47will be using Chrome every week.
70:45:54Here's
70:46:04where you do the talking. Go ahead and
70:46:07talk and build me full sentences.
70:46:10>> Is a stretch goal easy to reach?
70:46:21No.
70:46:23A stretch goal is set so high that
70:46:26nobody is sure it can be reached.
70:46:30By December, will 20 million people be
70:46:34using Chrome every week or every year?
70:46:4420 million people will be using Chrome
70:46:48every week.
70:46:51What will 20 million people be doing by
70:46:54December?
70:47:00They will be using Chrome
70:47:03every week.
70:47:06>> Here's odd. Now, let's come to the next
70:47:08part.
70:47:09>> For a browser nobody knows, that sounds
70:47:13crazy.
70:47:16Read that number again.
70:47:1920 million.
70:47:33End of year 1.
70:47:36The team has worked hard and people who
70:47:39try Chrome seem to like it.
70:47:50Still, when the count comes in, it falls
70:47:53well short of the target.
70:47:57The goal has been missed.
70:48:10>> Awesome. Quiz time. Let's jump into it.
70:48:14Does the goal sound easy for a new
70:48:18browser?
70:48:26No.
70:48:28For a browser nobody knows, that sounds
70:48:32crazy.
70:48:34Does the count reach the target or fall
70:48:38short?
70:48:44It falls well short of the target.
70:48:49How do people who try Chrome feel about
70:48:52it?
70:48:57People who try Chrome seem to like it.
70:49:03Nice one. Let's continue.
70:49:06>> In many companies, a missed goal is
70:49:09quietly forgotten.
70:49:11And the next target is made safer.
70:49:24Pichai does the opposite.
70:49:28He sets the bar even higher. By the end
70:49:32of the new year, 50 million people will
70:49:35be using Chrome.
70:49:50speaking time. Try answering with words
70:49:54you just heard. Go ahead.
70:49:57>> Does Pichai make the next target safer?
70:50:06No.
70:50:08Pichai does the opposite.
70:50:12Does he set the bar lower or even
70:50:16higher?
70:50:21He sets the bar even higher.
70:50:26How many people will be using Chrome by
70:50:29the end of the new year?
70:50:3750 million people will be using Chrome.
70:50:43>> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's
70:50:46keep it up and jump into the story.
70:50:50>> Doing the same things faster will not be
70:50:53enough.
70:50:55Engineers make the browser quicker and
70:50:58build versions for computers that could
70:51:01not run it.
70:51:14End of year two.
70:51:17Chrome has grown fast
70:51:21and yet once again the count falls
70:51:26short.
70:51:40Okay, voice is up. Now, here comes the
70:51:43questions.
70:51:45>> Will doing the same things faster be
70:51:48enough?
70:51:56>> No.
70:51:58Doing the same things faster will not be
70:52:01enough.
70:52:03In year two, does the count reach the
70:52:06target or fall short?
70:52:13Once again, the count falls short.
70:52:18What do engineers build?
70:52:27Engineers build versions for computers
70:52:30that could not run it.
70:52:33>> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the
70:52:36story.
70:52:37>> Two misses in a row.
70:52:42From the outside, it could easily look
70:52:45like failure.
70:52:56Pichai sees it differently.
70:52:59Each miss is a milestone that pushes the
70:53:03team to try things it would never have
70:53:05tried otherwise.
70:53:20Now it's yours. Go ahead and talk loudly
70:53:24as much as you can.
70:53:26Does Pichai see the two misses
70:53:30as failure?
70:53:39No.
70:53:41Pichai sees it differently.
70:53:45Each miss is a milestone.
70:53:49Are the two misses far apart
70:53:53or in a row?
70:53:59Two misses in a row.
70:54:03How could it look from the outside?
70:54:13From the outside,
70:54:15it could easily look like failure.
70:54:21Now relax your voice and let's continue
70:54:24listening.
70:54:25>> So in year three he doubles the target.
70:54:31By year's end
70:54:33100 million people will be using Chrome.
70:54:49End of year three.
70:54:51The team rises to the target and this
70:54:55time Chrome exceeds 100 million people.
70:55:13>> Okay, questions time. Let's jump into
70:55:15it.
70:55:16By year's end, will 100 million people
70:55:20be using Chrome?
70:55:29Yes.
70:55:32By year's end, 100 million people will
70:55:36be using Chrome.
70:55:39Does Chrome fall short or exceed the
70:55:43target this time?
70:55:52This time Chrome exceeds 100 million
70:55:57people.
70:55:59What does the team do in year three?
70:56:07The team rises to the target.
70:56:12Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep
70:56:15moving.
70:56:16>> Within a few years, Chrome becomes the
70:56:20world's most popular browser
70:56:24and Pichai later rises to lead Google.
70:56:41Had the first goal been easy, it would
70:56:44have been met, perhaps even exceeded,
70:56:48and the team might have relaxed.
70:57:03Speaking time, I don't want you to
70:57:04overthink it. Just open your mouth and
70:57:07just talk whatever you remember from the
70:57:10story.
70:57:11Does Pichai later rise to lead Google?
70:57:22Yes.
70:57:24Pichai later rises to lead Google
70:57:29with an easy first goal. Would the team
70:57:33have relaxed
70:57:35or worked harder?
70:57:41The team might have relaxed.
70:57:45What does Chrome become within a few
70:57:48years?
70:57:56Chrome becomes the world's most popular
70:58:00broadcast.
70:58:03>> Now story is calling us. Let's continue.
70:58:07Missing a stretch goal can still take
70:58:10you further than hitting an easy one.
70:58:21Most learners set goals and judge them
70:58:24from the outside
70:58:26with one question. Did I hit it or not?
70:58:41A quick check before we move on. I want
70:58:44you to answer these questions.
70:58:47>> Can missing a stretch goal still take
70:58:51you further?
70:58:59>> Yes.
70:59:01Missing a stretch goal can still take
70:59:04you further than hitting an easy one.
70:59:08Do most learners judge goals from the
70:59:11inside or from the outside?
70:59:20Most learners judge them from the
70:59:23outside.
70:59:25What one question do most learners ask?
70:59:33Did I hit it or not?
70:59:38>> Okay, now listening mode.
70:59:41>> So, try a small experiment this month.
70:59:46Set the bar high
70:59:49and write down exactly where you start
70:59:53today.
71:00:06Maybe a whole podcast understood without
71:00:10subtitles
71:00:11or a full conversation in English with
71:00:14no notes.
71:00:26Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to
71:00:28answer the questions?
71:00:30>> Should you set the bar low?
71:00:37>> No.
71:00:39Set the bar high.
71:00:42Should you write down where you start or
71:00:46only where you finish?
71:00:53Write down exactly where you start
71:00:56today.
71:00:58What could a hard target be?
71:01:08Maybe a whole podcast understood without
71:01:11subtitles.
71:01:14>> Now, this is the last part. Let's bring
71:01:17it home.
71:01:18You may fall short two weeks in a row.
71:01:24By the end of the month, you will have
71:01:27passed milestones you never planned.
71:01:43Then do the opposite of most learners.
71:01:48Do not ask whether you hit it.
71:01:52Measure how far you traveled from that
71:01:55first note.
71:02:09Awesome. This is the final questions for
71:02:12this one. Go ahead. I don't want you to
71:02:14leave anything on the table. try to
71:02:16answer every single question. Go ahead.
71:02:19>> Will you have passed milestones by the
71:02:22end of the month?
71:02:31>> Yes.
71:02:32By the end of the month, you will have
71:02:35passed milestones you never planned.
71:02:40Should you ask whether you hit it or
71:02:43measure how far you traveled?
71:02:52Measure how far you traveled from that
71:02:56first note.
71:02:59What should you do compared with most
71:03:02learners?
71:03:06do the opposite of most learners.
71:03:17The grammar we practice today, future
71:03:20continuous, future perfect. So, Pichai
71:03:24writes a key result for the year. By
71:03:27December, 20 million people will be
71:03:30using Chrome every week.
71:03:35He sets the bar even higher. By the end
71:03:38of the new year, 50 million people will
71:03:42be using Chrome.
71:03:45So, in year three, he doubles the
71:03:47target. By year's end, 100 million
71:03:51people will be using Chrome.
71:03:56By the end of the month, you will have
71:03:58passed milestones you never planned.
71:04:08Congratulations.
71:04:09You practiced 469
71:04:12words in this story and you learned a
71:04:15lot.
71:04:17>> That's awesome.
71:04:24Congratulations and let's keep going.
71:04:28Tab 0 to one and it's amazing.
71:04:51So 0 to one.
71:04:59for
71:05:07one.
71:05:12Let's jump into the story. The race he
71:05:15lost.
71:05:16The race he lost from the book 0ero to
71:05:20one by Peter Teal with Blake Masters.
71:05:25Devastated.
71:05:27Crushing
71:05:30tournament
71:05:32ladder
71:05:34run
71:05:36streak
71:05:39contest.
71:05:41unsure
71:05:44insider
71:05:46draft.
71:05:49Today he is one of Silicon Valley's best
71:05:52known investors.
71:05:54the man who co-founded PayPal and backed
71:05:59Facebook early.
71:06:13It is tempting to see his life as one
71:06:15[sighs and gasps] long winning streak.
71:06:19I think the more useful part is the year
71:06:24he lost.
71:06:38No one word answer. I don't want you to
71:06:40give me like ah small answers. I want
71:06:42you to give me full sentences aloud. And
71:06:45when you're going to hear and listen to
71:06:46the sentence, repeat it yourself. Okay,
71:06:50let's go.
71:06:52>> Did he co-ound
71:06:55PayPal?
71:07:04Yes,
71:07:05he is the man who co-founded PayPal
71:07:10and backed Facebook early.
71:07:13Does his life look like a winning streak
71:07:17or a long failure?
71:07:25It is tempting to see his life as one
71:07:28long winning streak.
71:07:31Which part of his life is more useful?
71:07:40The more useful part is the year he
71:07:44lost.
71:07:47Now story's calling us. Let's continue.
71:07:51>> Peter Teal won almost every contest as a
71:07:54student.
71:07:56Top grades, chess trophies, then a place
71:08:00at Stanford.
71:08:12Law school came next, then a year
71:08:15working for a federal judge.
71:08:19Each prize was a rung that led to the
71:08:23next.
71:08:38Speaking time, I don't want you to
71:08:39overthink it. Just open your mouth and
71:08:42just talk whatever you remember from the
71:08:44story.
71:08:46>> Did Teal win almost every contest as a
71:08:50student?
71:08:57Yes.
71:08:59Peter Teal won almost every contest as a
71:09:03student.
71:09:05Was each prize a rung
71:09:08or a wall?
71:09:15Each prize was a rung that led to the
71:09:18next.
71:09:20Where did he work after law school?
71:09:27He worked for a federal judge for a
71:09:30year.
71:09:33>> Now, back to the story.
71:09:36>> The final prize was the biggest of all,
71:09:40a clerkship at the Supreme Court of the
71:09:43United States.
71:09:54Only a few young lawyers are chosen each
71:09:57year to help the justices.
71:10:00It was the top of the ladder.
71:10:13Now it's yours. Go ahead and talk loudly
71:10:17as much as you can. Was the clark ship a
71:10:21small prize?
71:10:30No.
71:10:32The final prize was the biggest of all,
71:10:36a clerkship at the Supreme Court.
71:10:40Are many lawyers chosen each year or
71:10:44only a few?
71:10:51Only a few young lawyers are chosen each
71:10:54year.
71:10:56What was the clark ship for people like
71:10:59him?
71:11:04It was the top of the ladder.
71:11:08>> Great job. Now, back to the story.
71:11:12He reached the final round
71:11:15and was interviewed by two of the
71:11:18justices themselves.
71:11:30Then the answer came.
71:11:34He had not been chosen for the job.
71:11:45For someone on such a long streak, it
71:11:49was crushing.
71:11:52He later wrote that he
71:11:54[sighs and panting] had been devastated.
71:12:08Okay. Questions time. Let's jump into
71:12:10it.
71:12:11>> Was he chosen for the job?
71:12:21No,
71:12:22he had not been chosen for the job.
71:12:27Was the [clears throat] loss easy
71:12:30or crushing?
71:12:35It was crushing.
71:12:39How did he later say he felt?
71:12:48He later wrote that he had been
71:12:51devastated.
71:12:54>> Nice one. Let's continue.
71:12:57>> He joined a famous New York law firm
71:13:00instead.
71:13:02A place outsiders longed to enter and
71:13:07insiders longed to leave.
71:13:22He left within months.
71:13:26He tried trading at a bank, still unsure
71:13:30where he really belonged.
71:13:44Every sentence,
71:13:46speak it out loud. Okay, let's go.
71:13:50>> Did he stay at the law firm for years?
71:13:58No, he left within months.
71:14:02Did insiders long to enter or to leave?
71:14:12Insiders longed to leave.
71:14:16How did he feel when he tried trading at
71:14:20a bank?
71:14:25He was still unsure where he really
71:14:28belonged.
71:14:31>> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the
71:14:34story.
71:14:35>> Back in California,
71:14:37he began building his own things, a
71:14:41small fund, then a payments company that
71:14:45became PayPal.
71:15:00In 0 to 1, he describes meeting an old
71:15:04friend from law school a few years
71:15:06later.
71:15:16Okay, speaking time. Speak your mind.
71:15:20Did the payments company become PayPal?
71:15:30Yes, he built a payments company that
71:15:33became PayPal.
71:15:37Did he meet an old friend from law
71:15:40school or from Stanford?
71:15:47He met an old friend from law school.
71:15:52Where did he build his own things?
71:16:02He built his own things back in
71:16:06California.
71:16:08>> That was amazing. Now, let's continue
71:16:11and enjoy the story.
71:16:14This friend had helped him prepare for
71:16:16the interviews.
71:16:19The friend smiled and asked whether
71:16:22Peter was glad he had lost.
71:16:37He was,
71:16:42if he had won, he writes, he might have
71:16:45spent his career drafting other people's
71:16:48deals
71:16:50instead of creating something new.
71:17:06Okay, voice is up. Now, here comes the
71:17:09questions.
71:17:11>> If he had won,
71:17:14might he have spent his career
71:17:17drafting deals?
71:17:27Yes.
71:17:29If he had won, he might have spent his
71:17:32career drafting other people's deals.
71:17:36Was he glad
71:17:40or sorry that he had lost?
71:17:47He was glad he had lost.
71:17:51What did the friend ask?
71:18:00He asked whether Peter was glad he had
71:18:04lost.
71:18:07>> All right, let's see if you've guessed
71:18:09it right. Let's go to the next part of
71:18:11the story.
71:18:12>> If he had become a Supreme Court
71:18:15insider,
71:18:16PayPal might never have been built.
71:18:28He came to see his path as a tournament,
71:18:32a line of contests that everyone around
71:18:35him wanted to win.
71:18:48Awesome. Quest time. Let's jump into it.
71:18:51>> If he had become a court insider,
71:18:55would PayPal have been built?
71:19:05No.
71:19:07If he had become a Supreme Court
71:19:10insider, PayPal might never have been
71:19:13built.
71:19:15Did he see his path as a tournament?
71:19:19or a holiday.
71:19:25He came to see his path
71:19:28as a tournament
71:19:31who wanted to win the contests.
71:19:39Everyone around him wanted to win.
71:19:44>> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep
71:19:46moving.
71:19:48If the loss had not been so crushing,
71:19:52he might never have asked whether it was
71:19:54his race at all.
71:20:06Losing a race you chose by habit can be
71:20:10the door to the race that fits you.
71:20:23Okay, questions time.
71:20:26If the loss had not been so crushing,
71:20:29would he have asked the question?
71:20:39No.
71:20:41He might never have asked whether it was
71:20:44his race at all.
71:20:47Can losing a race be a door
71:20:51or only an end?
71:21:00Losing a race you chose by habit can be
71:21:04the door to the race that fits you.
71:21:10What race can a loss lead you to?
71:21:17The race that fits you.
71:21:22>> Okay, now listening mode.
71:21:25>> That is not a reason to stop running.
71:21:30If you feel unsure,
71:21:33it is a moment to check your direction.
71:21:48Maybe you are in a tournament of your
71:21:50own, chasing a score because your
71:21:53classmates are, or a major your cousins
71:21:58chose.
71:22:12Now the table's turn. I'm going to ask
71:22:15you questions. You're going to do the
71:22:17talking. Let's go.
71:22:19>> Is losing a reason to stop running?
71:22:31No.
71:22:32That is not a reason to stop running.
71:22:37If you feel unsure,
71:22:40should you quit
71:22:43or check your direction.
71:22:52If you feel unsure,
71:22:54it is a moment to check your direction.
71:22:59Why might you be chasing a score?
71:23:06Because your classmates are.
71:23:10Here's odd. Now let's come to the next
71:23:12part.
71:23:14>> When a rejection leaves you devastated,
71:23:18give it one honest question before you
71:23:22give it your tears.
71:23:34Ask whether the prize was ever yours
71:23:38or only the next rung on somebody else's
71:23:42ladder
71:23:55spotlight now is on you. I want you to
71:23:57answer the questions by actually
71:24:00talking. Let's go.
71:24:03>> Should you cry before you ask any
71:24:06question?
71:24:14No.
71:24:16Give it one honest question
71:24:20before you give it your tears.
71:24:24Is the prize yours or a rung on somebody
71:24:28else's ladder?
71:24:37Ask whether the prize was ever yours
71:24:41or only the next rung on somebody else's
71:24:44ladder.
71:24:46When should you ask that honest
71:24:49question?
71:24:55when a rejection leaves you devastated.
71:25:00>> Now, this is the time for the ending of
71:25:02the story. And here's the important the
71:25:05most important part basically. Let's
71:25:07continue.
71:25:08>> Then draft a plan for one small project
71:25:12that is truly yours.
71:25:15An English podcast, a blog, a study
71:25:19group.
71:25:31The investor you met at the start was
71:25:34built on a lost race.
71:25:37If he had won,
71:25:40you might never have heard of him.
71:25:54Awesome. This is the final questions for
71:25:57this one. Go ahead. I don't want you to
71:25:59leave anything on the table. Try to
71:26:01answer every single question. Go ahead.
71:26:04>> If he had won, might you never have
71:26:08heard of him?
71:26:16Yes.
71:26:18If he had won, you might never have
71:26:21heard of him.
71:26:24Should you draft a plan for your project
71:26:27or somebody else's?
71:26:36Draft a plan for one small project that
71:26:40is truly yours.
71:26:43What was the investor built on?
71:26:49He was built on a lost race.
71:27:00The grammar we practice today, third
71:27:02conditional. If he had won, he writes,
71:27:06he might have spent his career drafting
71:27:08other people's deals instead of creating
71:27:11something new.
71:27:14If he had become a Supreme Court
71:27:17insider, PayPal might never have been
71:27:20built.
71:27:22If the loss had not been so crushing, he
71:27:25might never have asked whether it was
71:27:27his race at all.
71:27:31If he had won, you might never have
71:27:34heard of him.
71:27:42Congratulations.
71:27:44You practiced 471
71:27:46words in this story and you learned a
71:27:49lot.
71:27:52>> Well done.
71:27:54And here's the thing.
71:27:56English, you are constantly learning
71:27:59something new. You're learning how to
71:28:01think in an ambitious way.
71:28:14And that's amazing. So, let me stop you
71:28:16here for a second.
71:28:22People who have
71:28:27for
71:28:40Instagram.
71:28:55forchech.
71:29:25foreign.
71:29:45Fore
71:29:58eyelids.
71:30:10Awesome.
71:31:01The innovator's dilemma.
71:31:18Okay.
71:31:40The toy nobody wanted.
71:31:43>> The toy nobody wanted from the book The
71:31:47Innovator's Dilemma by Clayton M.
71:31:50Christensen.
71:31:52Faithfully
71:31:54awkward
71:31:57employer.
71:32:06Meanwhile,
71:32:09management,
71:32:11obsolete,
71:32:13disruptive.
71:32:17In a quiet Massachusetts town,
71:32:21an old wool mill stands beside a river.
71:32:26For years, it housed a computer giant.
71:32:43The company was called Digital Equipment
71:32:47Corporation or Deck. [clears throat]
71:32:51Its co-founder Ken Olsen had built it
71:32:55from a tiny team.
71:33:10No one word answer. I don't want you to
71:33:12give me like ah small answers. I want
71:33:14you to give me full sentences aloud and
71:33:16when you're going to hear and listen to
71:33:18the sentence, repeat it yourself. Okay,
71:33:21let's go.
71:33:23>> Was the corporation called
71:33:26Digital Equipment Corporation?
71:33:37Yes.
71:33:38The company was called Digital Equipment
71:33:42Corporation
71:33:43or Deck.
71:33:47Did Olen build it from a tiny team or a
71:33:51huge one?
71:33:56He built it from a tiny team.
71:34:00What stands
71:34:02beside the river?
71:34:08An old wool mill stands beside a river.
71:34:14>> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep
71:34:17moving.
71:34:19>> Dex great success was the mini computer.
71:34:24far smaller and cheaper than the
71:34:26roomsized computers of the time.
71:34:41Universities, factories, and
71:34:43laboratories bought deck machines, and
71:34:46the company grew year after year.
71:35:01Let's turn those ears into voice.
71:35:05>> Was the mini computer bigger than the
71:35:08old computers?
71:35:17No,
71:35:18it was far smaller and cheaper than the
71:35:22roomsized computers of the time.
71:35:25Did the company shrink or grow year
71:35:30after year?
71:35:36The company grew year after year.
71:35:40Who bought deck machines?
71:35:50Universities, factories, and
71:35:53laboratories bought deck machines.
71:35:58>> Here's odd. Now, let's come to the next
71:36:00part.
71:36:01By the late 1980s, it employed over a
71:36:05100,000 people and was praised as a
71:36:09model of management.
71:36:22Years earlier, around 1980,
71:36:26the personal computer had appeared.
71:36:30Slow, simple, and cheap enough for one
71:36:34desk.
71:36:48Every sentence,
71:36:50speak it out loud. Okay, let's go.
71:36:53>> Was deck praised as a model of
71:36:57management?
71:37:04Yes, it was praised as a model of
71:37:07management.
71:37:10Did it employ 100 people or over a
71:37:14100,000?
71:37:21It employed over a 100,000 people.
71:37:26What was the personal computer like?
71:37:36It was slow, simple, and cheap enough
71:37:41for one desk.
71:37:44>> Now stories calling us. Let's continue.
71:37:48>> To Deck's best customers, it looked like
71:37:51a toy.
71:37:53They wanted more power, [laughter]
71:37:55not less.
71:38:06So Olsen and his managers did what every
71:38:10business book advised.
71:38:13They listened faithfully to their best
71:38:16customers.
71:38:28The toy also promised thin profits,
71:38:32while many computers earned rich ones.
71:38:45Speaking time. Try answering with words
71:38:48you just heard. Go ahead.
71:38:52>> Did the EEC's best customers want less
71:38:56power?
71:39:03>> No, they wanted more power, not less.
71:39:09Did the managers ignore their customers
71:39:13or listen faithfully?
71:39:22They listened faithfully
71:39:25to their best customers.
71:39:28What did the toy promise?
71:39:36The toy promised thin profits.
71:39:41>> Nice one. Let's continue.
71:39:45>> If you were in Olsen's chair,
71:39:48which road would you have chosen?
71:39:53At the time, the answer seemed obvious.
71:40:09DEEC built personal computers of its
71:40:12own, but they were expensive and awkward
71:40:17and never really caught on.
71:40:30Okay, speaking time. Speak your mind.
71:40:35>> If you were in Olsen's chair, would the
71:40:38answer have seemed hard?
71:40:47No.
71:40:49At the time, the answer seemed obvious.
71:40:54Were DEC's personal computers cheap or
71:40:59expensive?
71:41:05They were expensive and awkward.
71:41:10What happened to DEEC's personal
71:41:12computers?
71:41:17They never really caught on.
71:41:22Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's
71:41:25keep it up and jump into the story.
71:41:29>> Were DEC's customers wrong?
71:41:33If they had been, this would be a simple
71:41:37story.
71:41:39For years, they were right.
71:41:54Then the toy improved.
71:41:59Year by year, cheap desktop machines
71:42:02grew powerful enough to do much of a
71:42:04mini computer's work.
71:42:19Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to
71:42:21answer the questions?
71:42:24>> If DEC's customers had been wrong, would
71:42:28this be a simple story?
71:42:37Yes.
71:42:39If they had been, this would be a simple
71:42:43story.
71:42:45Did desktop machines grow weaker or more
71:42:50powerful?
71:42:59Cheap desktop machines grew powerful
71:43:02enough to do much of a mini computer's
71:43:05work.
71:43:06What happened to the toy?
71:43:13The toy improved.
71:43:18>> Great job. Now, back to the story.
71:43:21>> Meanwhile,
71:43:23the mini computer was becoming obsolete.
71:43:28When customers switched to cheaper
71:43:30machines, deck fell fast and painfully.
71:43:47in 1992.
71:43:49Olsen was pushed out of the corporation
71:43:52he had built from nothing.
71:44:03Let's hear you. Now it's your turn to
71:44:05speak.
71:44:06>> Was the mini computer becoming more
71:44:10popular?
71:44:18No.
71:44:20Meanwhile,
71:44:22the mini computer was becoming obsolete.
71:44:27Did Deck fall slowly or fast?
71:44:36Deck fell fast and painfully.
71:44:41What happened to Olen in 1992?
71:44:50Olsen was pushed out of the corporation
71:44:54he had built.
71:44:57>> Great answers. Let's see what happens
71:45:00now.
71:45:01Six years later, the once admired
71:45:04company was bought by Compact,
71:45:07a firm that made desktop computers.
71:45:22That is the irony.
71:45:25Deck was not ruined by bad management.
71:45:30It was undone by good management
71:45:34followed too faithfully.
71:45:49Spotlight now is on you. I want you to
71:45:52answer the questions by actually
71:45:55talking. Let's go.
71:45:57Was deck ruined by bad management?
71:46:07No.
71:46:09Deck was not ruined by bad management.
71:46:14Was deck undone by good management or by
71:46:19bad luck?
71:46:28It was undone by good management
71:46:32followed too faithfully.
71:46:35Who bought the once admired company?
71:46:44Compact,
71:46:46a firm that made desktop computers,
71:46:49bought it.
71:46:52>> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen.
71:46:56>> Clayton Christensen, a Harvard
71:46:59professor,
71:47:01made puzzles like this one the heart of
71:47:04the innovator's dilemma.
71:47:17He called the cheap newcomer
71:47:21a disruptive technology.
71:47:26Weak at first, then good enough to
71:47:29replace the leaders.
71:47:43Now the floor is yours. Let's go.
71:47:47>> Is a disruptive technology
71:47:50strong at first?
71:47:59No,
71:48:01it is weak at first, then good enough to
71:48:05replace the leaders.
71:48:08Was Christensen a Harvard professor or a
71:48:12deck manager?
71:48:18Clayton Christensen was a Harvard
71:48:20professor.
71:48:22What did he call the cheap newcomer?
71:48:30He called it a disruptive technology.
71:48:36>> Okay, now listening mode.
71:48:39>> Great companies, he argued, can do
71:48:42everything right by today's rules and
71:48:46still lose tomorrow.
71:48:50Their
71:48:59best customers are loyal to the present.
71:49:03They rarely ask for the humble
71:49:06disruptive thing that will one day
71:49:10replace it.
71:49:24Now test yourself.
71:49:27>> Can great companies do everything right
71:49:31and still lose?
71:49:41Yes,
71:49:43they can do everything right by today's
71:49:46rules
71:49:48and still lose tomorrow.
71:49:52Are their best customers loyal to the
71:49:55present or the future?
71:50:03Their best customers are loyal to the
71:50:06present.
71:50:09What do the best customers rarely ask
71:50:12for?
71:50:20They rarely ask for the humble,
71:50:22disruptive thing that will one day
71:50:26replace it.
71:50:29>> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the
71:50:32story.
71:50:34If Deck had taken the toy seriously in
71:50:37time, the company might still exist
71:50:41today.
71:50:50Learners face the same trap.
71:50:55English built for one comfortable goal,
71:50:58a grammar test you already pass.
71:51:14Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and
71:51:16speak.
71:51:18>> If Deck had taken the toy seriously,
71:51:22might it still exist today?
71:51:31Yes,
71:51:33the company might still exist today.
71:51:38Was English built for a hard goal or a
71:51:43comfortable one?
71:51:52English was built for one comfortable
71:51:55goal, a grammar test.
71:51:59What trap do learners face?
71:52:07Learners face the same trap as deck.
71:52:13Now relax your voice and let's continue
71:52:16listening.
71:52:18Meanwhile, companies now employ people
71:52:21who speak to strangers, write clearly,
71:52:25and work beside AI tools.
71:52:40Grammar is not obsolete.
71:52:43If you had started speaking practice a
71:52:46year ago, you would feel more confident
71:52:49today.
71:53:02Great speaking time. Now, let's jump
71:53:05into the speaking time.
71:53:09If you had started speaking practice a
71:53:12year ago, would you feel more confident
71:53:15today?
71:53:22Yes,
71:53:24you would feel more confident today.
71:53:29Is grammar obsolete
71:53:31or still useful?
71:53:38Grammar is not obsolete. [snorts]
71:53:42What kind of people do companies now
71:53:45employ?
71:53:53Companies now employ people who speak to
71:53:57strangers
71:53:59and write clearly.
71:54:03>> Now, this is the last part. Let's bring
71:54:05it home.
71:54:07Those skills feel like toys at first,
71:54:11clumsy, slow, and awkward to practice.
71:54:16So did personal computers before they
71:54:18caught on.
71:54:32Which small English skill are you
71:54:35ignoring? only because today's test does
71:54:39not ask for it.
71:54:50Awesome. This is the final questions for
71:54:53this one. Go ahead. I don't want you to
71:54:55leave anything on the table. Try to
71:54:56answer every single question. Go ahead.
71:55:00>> Do new skills feel
71:55:04easy at first?
71:55:13No,
71:55:15they feel clumsy, slow, and awkward to
71:55:19practice.
71:55:22Did personal computers feel like toys
71:55:26before they caught on
71:55:29or after?
71:55:36They felt like toys before they caught
71:55:40on.
71:55:42Why might you ignore a small English
71:55:46skill?
71:55:52Because today's test does not ask for
71:55:55it.
71:56:03The grammar we practice today, mixed
71:56:06conditionals. If you were in Olson's
71:56:09chair, which road would you have chosen?
71:56:14If they had been, this would be a simple
71:56:17story.
71:56:20If DEC had taken the toy seriously in
71:56:23time, the company might still exist
71:56:26today.
71:56:29If you had started speaking practice a
71:56:32year ago, you would feel more confident
71:56:34today.
71:56:42Congratulations.
71:56:43You practiced 472
71:56:46words in this story and you learned a
71:56:49lot.
71:56:51>> That's amazing. If you notice something,
71:57:06and you're doing it at the same time.
71:57:08That's such a great accomplishment.
71:57:12Atomic habit. [snorts]
71:57:44I think that's
71:57:47okay.
71:58:07The code next to the heart. The code
71:58:11next to the heart from the book Atomic
71:58:15Habits by James Clear.
71:58:19Negotiation.
71:58:21Horrified.
71:58:24Distort.
71:58:26Abstract.
71:58:29Proposal.
71:58:31witness
71:58:33conflict
71:58:36face to face
71:58:39settle
71:58:41consequence.
71:58:44In 1981,
71:58:48a Harvard law professor proposed
71:58:52what may be the strangest safety device
71:58:56anyone has ever suggested.
71:59:11His name was Roger Fischer and he was an
71:59:14expert in negotiation,
71:59:17the art of settling conflicts by talking
71:59:21instead of fighting.
71:59:36Now, we're going to hear a question. I
71:59:38want you to answer it loudly in full
71:59:42sentences. Okay, let's go.
71:59:46>> Did a Harvard professor propose
71:59:50a strange safety device?
72:00:01Yes,
72:00:03a Harvard law professor proposed what
72:00:06may be the strangest safety device
72:00:10ever suggested.
72:00:13Was Fiser an expert in weapons
72:00:18or in negotiation?
72:00:25He was an expert in negotiation.
72:00:30How does negotiation
72:00:32settle conflicts?
72:00:40It settles conflicts by talking instead
72:00:44of fighting.
72:00:47>> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen.
72:00:52In the long conflict of that time,
72:00:55America and the Soviet Union had
72:00:58thousands of nuclear weapons aimed at
72:01:01each other.
72:01:12The problem was one person,
72:01:16the president.
72:01:19With a set of secret codes, one person
72:01:22could order an attack that might kill
72:01:26millions.
72:01:40Now the floor is yours. Let's go.
72:01:44>> Could one person order an attack?
72:01:55Yes.
72:01:57With a set of secret codes, one person
72:02:00could order an attack.
72:02:03Were the nuclear weapons few or in
72:02:07thousands?
72:02:13There were thousands of nuclear weapons
72:02:16aimed at each other.
72:02:19Who was the problem in this conflict?
72:02:28The problem was one person,
72:02:31the president.
72:02:34>> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's
72:02:38keep it up and jump into the story.
72:02:41>> Fisher worried that the order had become
72:02:44too easy, almost abstract.
72:02:55Distance makes terrible choices easier.
72:03:01On a map in a quiet room,
72:03:05millions of people become abstract dots.
72:03:22>> Okay, speaking time. Speak your mind.
72:03:26>> Did Fischer think the order was too
72:03:29hard?
72:03:37No,
72:03:39he worried that the order had become too
72:03:42easy,
72:03:44almost abstract.
72:03:48Does distance make terrible choices
72:03:51harder or easier?
72:04:00Distance makes terrible choices easier.
72:04:05What do millions of people become on a
72:04:09map?
72:04:14They become abstract dots.
72:04:19See, English is already coming out of
72:04:22you. Now listen and let's continue.
72:04:26What would you do?
72:04:29How would you make sure a leader never
72:04:32gave that order unless he had thought
72:04:36deeply?
72:04:50Most people suggest normal answers.
72:04:53More advisers, more checks, perhaps a
72:04:57second key held by another official.
72:05:12Great. Speaking time. Now let's jump
72:05:15into the speaking time.
72:05:18>> Should a leader give that order
72:05:22unless he has thought deeply?
72:05:33No.
72:05:34A leader should never give that order
72:05:38unless he has thought deeply.
72:05:42Do most people suggest normal answers or
72:05:47strange ones?
72:05:53Most people suggest normal answers.
72:05:58What normal answers do people suggest?
72:06:09more advisers,
72:06:11more checks,
72:06:13perhaps a second key.
72:06:17>> Now, back to the story.
72:06:20>> Fischer's proposal was different and
72:06:24deeply uncomfortable.
72:06:28He suggested placing the codes in a tiny
72:06:32capsule
72:06:34next to the heart of a volunteer.
72:06:50The volunteer would walk beside the
72:06:52president wherever he went, together
72:06:55with a large knife.
72:07:07Let's turn those ears into voice.
72:07:12>> Was Fisher's proposal comfortable?
72:07:22No,
72:07:25Fisher's proposal was different and
72:07:28deeply uncomfortable.
72:07:32Would the volunteer stay home or walk
72:07:35beside the president?
72:07:44The volunteer would walk beside the
72:07:47president wherever he went.
72:07:51Where would the codes be placed?
72:08:00In a tiny capsule
72:08:02next to the heart of a volunteer.
72:08:06>> Now you are warmed up. Now let's keep
72:08:09moving.
72:08:11The president could launch only on
72:08:14condition that he first took one life
72:08:19with his own hands,
72:08:22face to face.
72:08:36The consequence of the decision would
72:08:38become real before anyone pressed a
72:08:42single button.
72:08:52>> Okay, let's pause for a second. Now I'm
72:08:54going to ask you questions. Now it's
72:08:55over to you to answer them.
72:08:58>> Could the president launch only on
72:09:01condition that he took one life?
72:09:12Yes, he could launch only on condition
72:09:16that he first took one life
72:09:20face to face.
72:09:23Would the consequence become real before
72:09:28or after the button?
72:09:37The consequence would become real before
72:09:41anyone pressed a single button.
72:09:45How would the president have to take
72:09:48that life
72:09:54with his own hands
72:09:56face to face?
72:10:00>> Great answers. Let's see what happens
72:10:02now.
72:10:04>> Fisher described the idea to friends at
72:10:06the Pentagon, the headquarters of the
72:10:09American military.
72:10:19They were horrified.
72:10:22They told him that having to kill
72:10:24someone would distort the president's
72:10:27judgment.
72:10:39Now the table's turn. I'm going to ask
72:10:42you questions. You're going to do the
72:10:44talking. Let's go.
72:10:46>> Did Fischer's friends at the Pentagon
72:10:50like the idea?
72:10:56No,
72:10:58they were horrified.
72:11:02Would killing someone distort or protect
72:11:06the president's judgment?
72:11:12It would distort the president's
72:11:14judgment.
72:11:16What is the Pentagon?
72:11:23The headquarters of the American
72:11:26military.
72:11:28>> Nice one. Let's continue.
72:11:32>> Notice the irony in that horrified
72:11:35reaction.
72:11:38Distorting the president's judgment was
72:11:40exactly what the idea was designed to
72:11:43do.
72:11:56The proposal was never adopted.
72:12:00James Clear retells it in atomic habits,
72:12:04opening a chapter on making bad habits
72:12:08painful.
72:12:22Let's see what stayed in your mind.
72:12:25Let's go.
72:12:27>> Was the proposal ever adopted?
72:12:36No.
72:12:38The proposal was never adopted.
72:12:43Does Clear retell it in Atomic Habits or
72:12:48in another book?
72:12:54James Clear retells it in Atomic Habits.
72:13:00Why was their horrified reaction
72:13:04ironic?
72:13:13distorting the president's judgment was
72:13:15exactly what the idea was designed to
72:13:18do.
72:13:21>> Now story is calling us. Let's continue.
72:13:24>> His point is that we repeat bad choices
72:13:29as long as the consequence is far away.
72:13:34We change when the cost comes quickly.
72:13:51Fischer wanted the most powerful man
72:13:54alive to feel
72:13:56face to face
72:13:59the weight of the people he served.
72:14:14Now it's yours. Go ahead and talk loudly
72:14:18as much as you can.
72:14:21>> Do we repeat bad choices as long as the
72:14:25consequence is far away?
72:14:35Yes,
72:14:36we repeat bad choices as long as the
72:14:40consequence is far away.
72:14:45Do we change when the cost comes slowly
72:14:49or quickly?
72:14:55We change when the cost comes quickly.
72:15:00How did Fiser want the president to feel
72:15:04that weight,
72:15:09face to face.
72:15:13Now relax your voice and let's continue
72:15:16listening.
72:15:18Make the cost of a bad choice visible
72:15:22and painful
72:15:25and make it arrive before the choice,
72:15:29not long after it.
72:15:43Most study habits fail for the opposite
72:15:46reason.
72:15:48Skipping one English lesson costs
72:15:51nothing today
72:15:53and quite a lot after a year.
72:16:09>> Let's hear you. Now it's your turn to
72:16:11speak.
72:16:12Should the cost of a bad choice be
72:16:17hidden?
72:16:25No.
72:16:27Make the cost of a bad choice visible
72:16:31and painful.
72:16:35Does skipping one English lesson
72:16:37[gasps and sighs]
72:16:38cost much today
72:16:41or nothing?
72:16:49Skipping one English lesson costs
72:16:52nothing today.
72:16:55When does skipping lessons cost quite a
72:16:59lot?
72:17:05It costs quite a lot after a year.
72:17:10>> Great job. Now, back to the story.
72:17:14>> You cannot feel that yearly cost
72:17:17tonight.
72:17:19Unless you invent a smaller cost that
72:17:22arrives immediately,
72:17:25your excuses will usually win.
72:17:41Treat it as a small negotiation.
72:17:45Tell one friend your study plan and
72:17:49settle on a price you pay if you skip.
72:18:06Now test yourself.
72:18:08>> Will your excuses win unless you invent
72:18:13a smaller cost?
72:18:22Yes. Unless you invent a smaller cost
72:18:26that arrives immediately,
72:18:28your excuses will usually win.
72:18:33Should you settle on a price
72:18:37or keep it secret?
72:18:43Settle on a price you pay if you skip.
72:18:48What should you treat it as?
72:18:55Treat it as a small negotiation.
72:19:01>> And now the big finish.
72:19:05>> That friend is your witness.
72:19:08The price could be their coffee or a
72:19:12voice message in English explaining why
72:19:15you missed.
72:19:28You owe nothing provided that you study.
72:19:33Then watch your excuses when a missed
72:19:37day has a face,
72:19:40a price,
72:19:42and a witness.
72:19:57last questions. Finish the story with
72:20:01the best answers possible.
72:20:04>> Do you owe anything provided that you
72:20:08study?
72:20:14>> No.
72:20:16You owe nothing provided that you study.
72:20:21Could the price be their coffee or a new
72:20:25car?
72:20:30The price could be their coffee.
72:20:35Who is your witness?
72:20:42That friend is your witness.
72:20:53The grammar we practice today, unless as
72:20:57long as provided that. How would you
72:21:00make sure a leader never gave that order
72:21:03unless he had thought deeply?
72:21:08The president could launch only on
72:21:10condition that he first took one life
72:21:12with his own hands, face to face.
72:21:18His point is that we repeat bad choices
72:21:22as long as the consequence is far away.
72:21:27Unless you invent a smaller cost that
72:21:29arrives immediately, your excuses will
72:21:32usually win.
72:21:35Congratulations.
72:21:42You practiced 465
72:21:45words in this story and you learned a
72:21:48lot.
72:21:50>> Honestly, well done.
72:21:56And uh this is the important thing. You
72:21:59you're you're improving your English.
72:22:00You're improving your mindset. And
72:22:02that's going to make you a undestroyable
72:22:07man or or like undesirable guy. So
72:22:11that's amazing. [laughter] Before we
72:22:12continue,
72:22:15a real student just like you uh
72:22:20alhamdulillah
72:22:27was able to get get amazing results.
72:22:30Fore!
72:22:45Foreign! Foreign!
72:22:53foreign.
72:23:03Mhm.
72:23:13for
72:23:39games.
72:23:50What
72:24:00speaking?
72:24:20native speaking.
72:24:42Endome
72:25:04[snorts]
72:25:12connected. speech.
72:25:26Anyway,
72:26:16Mhm.
72:26:27does.
72:26:56Yeah.
72:27:06Mhm.
72:27:24native speakers.
72:27:30Uh,
72:27:52speaking
72:27:55listening,
72:27:56listening
72:28:08that
72:28:26shore.
72:28:41native speaking.
72:28:56forchech.
72:29:43No, I don't want that. Okay.
72:29:59games.
72:30:17We had platform
72:30:21Fore
72:30:32media player
72:30:35full screen.
72:31:00given. You have gave your your time.
72:31:11Mhm.
72:31:21Mortal.
72:31:38Mhm.
72:31:45full screen.
72:31:54Mhm.
72:32:00and
72:32:02uh
72:32:06speaking
72:32:18recording.
72:32:28recording.
72:32:37technique.
72:32:47foreign
72:33:19Uh
72:33:45can see can see
72:34:16reading.
72:34:18Mhm.
72:34:39Wow.
72:34:42writing
72:34:59fill in the blank almost. Okay.
72:35:24Almost fill in the blank.
72:35:54Mhm.
72:36:17vocabulary.
72:36:22Mhm.
72:36:38Hello. Uh writing
72:36:46platform
72:36:52templates.
72:36:59Mhm.
72:37:05for
72:37:09writing speaking
72:37:16Shakespare. Okay.
72:37:20Agent
72:37:45feedback.
72:37:55feedback.
72:38:09Feedback
72:38:13actor Shakespare
72:38:37speaking.
72:39:06speaking
72:39:15speaking.
72:39:35Back from accented
72:39:50feedback.
72:40:05Mhm.
72:40:15Sitting director director anyway.
72:40:17>> Mhm.
72:40:38listening.
72:40:40Mhm.
72:40:54She's
72:40:56native
72:41:07received pronunciation.
72:41:16Kennedy
72:41:20pronunciation.
72:42:00Task one or task
72:42:11feedback.
72:42:24Feedback
72:42:35speaking.
72:42:49Alhamdulillah.
72:42:54reading,
72:42:56speaking, writing.
72:43:03Awesome.
72:43:10[laughter]
72:43:57for
72:44:09the everything store.
72:44:16Amazon
72:44:33The bicycle shop. The bicycle shop from
72:44:37the book The Everything Store by Brad
72:44:40Stone.
72:44:42Stunned.
72:44:45Lose track of.
72:44:48Reach out.
72:44:51Put off.
72:44:53Skilled
72:44:56upside down.
72:44:58Live with
72:45:01parcel.
72:45:03Rider
72:45:06marriage.
72:45:09An old man stood behind the counter
72:45:13of a small bicycle shop in Addison
72:45:18surrounded by wheels.
72:45:21Few
72:45:32customers knew that this quiet shop
72:45:35owner had once been a skilled rider.
72:45:50Now, we're going to hear a question. I
72:45:52want you to answer it loudly in full
72:45:56sentences. Okay, let's go.
72:46:00Did the old man work
72:46:02in a bicycle shop?
72:46:12Yes.
72:46:14He stood behind the counter of a small
72:46:18bicycle shop in Arizona.
72:46:23Had the owner once been a skilled rider
72:46:28or a skilled driver.
72:46:35He had once been a skilled rider.
72:46:40Where was the small bicycle shop?
72:46:48The small bicycle shop was in Arizona.
72:46:55>> Here's odd. Now let's come to the next
72:46:56part.
72:46:58>> One day in 2012, a visitor walked in who
72:47:02had no interest in buying a bike.
72:47:13He was a journalist and his question
72:47:17would turn the old man's quiet life
72:47:20upside down.
72:47:33Spotlight now is on you. I want you to
72:47:36answer the questions by actually
72:47:39talking. Let's go.
72:47:41>> Did the visitor want to buy a bike?
72:47:51>> No.
72:47:53He had no interest in buying a bike.
72:47:56[snorts]
72:47:57Was the visitor a journalist
72:48:01or a customer?
72:48:06He was
72:48:08a journalist.
72:48:11What would his question do to the old
72:48:15man's life?
72:48:24It would turn the old man's quiet life
72:48:28upside down.
72:48:32See, English is already coming out of
72:48:35you. Now listen and let's continue.
72:48:39>> Nearly 50 years earlier, he had been a
72:48:42teenager with a young wife and a baby
72:48:45son.
72:48:49[crying]
72:48:54He was a skilled rider of the unicycle,
72:48:58a bike with one wheel,
72:49:02and not ready to be a father.
72:49:17Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to
72:49:19answer the questions?
72:49:21>> Was he a teenager with a young wife and
72:49:24a baby son?
72:49:33Yes.
72:49:35Nearly 50 years earlier, he had been a
72:49:39teenager
72:49:41with a young wife and a baby son.
72:49:46Did he ride a unicycle
72:49:49or a horse?
72:49:56He was a skilled rider of the unicycle.
72:50:02What is a unicycle?
72:50:10A unicycle is a bike with one wheel.
72:50:16>> Now story's calling us. Let's continue.
72:50:20>> The marriage ended while the boy was
72:50:23very small and his mother carried most
72:50:26of the weight.
72:50:35A few years later, she began a new
72:50:37marriage with a kind man who wanted to
72:50:41adopt the boy.
72:50:52>> Now test yourself.
72:50:55Did the marriage last
72:50:58for many years?
72:51:07No,
72:51:09the marriage ended while the boy was
72:51:12very small.
72:51:14Did his mother begin a new marriage or
72:51:18move away?
72:51:25She began a new marriage with a kind
72:51:29man.
72:51:31What did the kind man want to do?
72:51:38He wanted to adopt the boy.
72:51:43>> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's
72:51:46keep it up and jump into the story.
72:51:50The young father was asked to step out
72:51:53of the boy's life.
72:51:55He agreed
72:51:57and slowly lost track of them.
72:52:11Over the years, he even forgot his son's
72:52:15new surname.
72:52:18We lose track of people that easily.
72:52:33>> Okay, speaking time. Speak your mind.
72:52:37>> Did the young father agree to step out
72:52:40of the boy's life?
72:52:50Yes,
72:52:52he agreed
72:52:53and slowly lost track of them.
72:52:57Did he lose track of them quickly or
72:53:01slowly?
72:53:06He slowly lost track of them.
72:53:11What did he even forget over the years?
72:53:22Over the years, he even forgot his son's
72:53:25new surname.
72:53:29>> Great job. Now, back to the story.
72:53:32Now the journalist explained
72:53:36who that little boy had grown up to be.
72:53:48There may be a parcel from that boy's
72:53:51company in your home right now.
72:53:56It sells almost everything.
72:54:12All right, time to prove your focusing.
72:54:16Let's jump into it.
72:54:18>> Did the journalist explain who the boy
72:54:21had become?
72:54:30Yes.
72:54:32The journalist explained who that little
72:54:35boy had grown up to be.
72:54:39Is there a parcel from his company in
72:54:42your home or a letter?
72:54:51There may be a parcel from that boy's
72:54:54company in your home.
72:54:58What does that company sell?
72:55:05It sells almost everything.
72:55:11>> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen.
72:55:14His son was Jeff Bezos,
72:55:20the founder of Amazon, by then among the
72:55:24richest people on earth.
72:55:38The father, Ted Jorgensson, had no idea.
72:55:44He had never connected that famous name
72:55:47to his own boy.
72:56:00>> Every sentence,
72:56:02speak it out loud. Okay, let's go. Was
72:56:07his son
72:56:10Jeff Bezos?
72:56:19Yes.
72:56:21His son was Jeff Bezos,
72:56:25the founder of Amazon.
72:56:29Did the father know
72:56:32or did he have no idea?
72:56:40The father Ted Jorgensson
72:56:43had no idea
72:56:46what had he never connected to his own
72:56:49boy.
72:56:56He had never connected that famous name
72:56:59to his own boy.
72:57:03Good job. Let's continue the story.
72:57:07He was stunned.
72:57:09His world upside down. [snorts]
72:57:16He said he had not been a good father or
72:57:19husband.
72:57:32There was no anger,
72:57:35only regret.
72:57:38He wished he had been there and hoped to
72:57:42reach out to his son.
72:57:56Okay, questions time. Let's jump into
72:57:59it.
72:58:00>> Did he wish he had been there?
72:58:09Yes,
72:58:11he wished he had been there.
72:58:14Was he stunned or angry?
72:58:24He was stunned.
72:58:27There was no anger, only regret.
72:58:32What did he hope to do?
72:58:38He hoped to reach out to his son.
72:58:42>> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the
72:58:45story.
72:58:47>> The journalist was Brad Stone. And that
72:58:51meeting found its place in the
72:58:54everything store.
72:59:05As far as the public knows, father and
72:59:08son never met as adults.
72:59:13He died in 2015.
72:59:27Now it's yours. Go ahead and talk loudly
72:59:31as much as you can.
72:59:33>> Was the journalist Brad Stone?
72:59:42>> Yes,
72:59:44the journalist was Brad Stone.
72:59:48Did father and son meet as adults or
72:59:51never meet?
72:59:59As far as the public knows, father and
73:00:02son never met as adults.
73:00:06Where did that meeting find its place?
73:00:15That meeting found its place in the
73:00:18everything store.
73:00:22>> Great answers. Let's see what happens
73:00:24now.
73:00:26>> I do not tell this story to judge him.
73:00:30He was young and the young often choose
73:00:34without understanding.
73:00:46Still he had to live with that decision
73:00:50year after quiet year.
73:00:54If only he had reached out sooner.
73:01:11Okay, let's pause for a second. Now, I'm
73:01:13going to ask you questions. Now, it's
73:01:14over to you to answer them.
73:01:17>> Does the narrator tell this story to
73:01:21judge him?
73:01:29No,
73:01:31the narrator does not tell this story to
73:01:34judge him.
73:01:36Did he live with that decision for a
73:01:39year or year after year?
73:01:49He had to live with that decision year
73:01:53after quiet year.
73:01:57What does the narrator wish he had done?
73:02:06The narrator wishes he had reached out
73:02:08sooner.
73:02:11>> Now relax your voice and let's continue
73:02:14listening.
73:02:16Walking away from family is a choice
73:02:19that can follow you for life.
73:02:24Success can be earned later.
73:02:28Lost years cannot.
73:02:42Our choices are rarely that dramatic.
73:02:46Yet one day, many of us will wish we had
73:02:51called more.
73:03:04Now the floor is yours. Let's go.
73:03:08>> Can lost years be earned later?
73:03:19No,
73:03:21success can be earned later. Lost years
73:03:26cannot.
73:03:28Will many of us wish we had called more
73:03:32or worked more?
73:03:38Many of us will wish we had called more.
73:03:44What can follow you for life?
73:03:54Walking away from family is a choice
73:03:58that can follow you for life.
73:04:03>> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep
73:04:05moving.
73:04:07>> It is a brother we stopped calling after
73:04:10an argument or an uncle we see only at
73:04:14Eid.
73:04:16We live with the silence.
73:04:32We tell ourselves we are busy.
73:04:36We track every parcel to our door yet
73:04:40put off one phone call.
73:04:54>> A quick check before we move on. I want
73:04:57you to answer these questions.
73:05:00Do we learn to live with the silence?
73:05:10Yes,
73:05:12we live with the silence.
73:05:16Do we track every parcel or every call?
73:05:26We track every parcel to our door.
73:05:31What do we put off?
73:05:38We put off one phone call.
73:05:42>> Now, this is the time for the ending of
73:05:44the story. And here's the important the
73:05:47most important part, basically. Let's
73:05:48continue.
73:05:50The shop owner believed there was time
73:05:52too
73:05:54until a stranger left him stunned.
73:05:59If only he had known sooner.
73:06:15So tonight, think of one person in your
73:06:19family.
73:06:22Is there a call you keep putting off?
73:06:37Last questions. Finish the story with
73:06:41the best answers possible.
73:06:44Is there a call you keep putting off?
73:06:55Yes,
73:06:56there is a call I keep putting off.
73:07:02Did the shop owner believe there was
73:07:04time
73:07:06or no time?
73:07:13The shop owner believed
73:07:16there was time too.
73:07:20Who left the shop owner stunned?
73:07:30A stranger left him stunned.
73:07:35If only he had known sooner.
73:07:45The grammar we practice today, wish, if
73:07:48only.
73:07:50He wished he had been there and hoped to
73:07:53reach out to his son.
73:07:57If only he had reached out sooner.
73:08:02Yet one day, many of us will wish we had
73:08:05called more.
73:08:08If only he had known sooner.
73:08:18Congratulations.
73:08:20You practiced 465
73:08:23words in this story and you learned a
73:08:25lot.
73:08:28See, that wasn't hard.
73:08:37This is amazing. Let's keep it up.
73:08:40Steve Jobs. Oh my god. Steve Jobs.
73:08:54Perfection.
73:09:18But it's a nice time to think about
73:09:20innovation. Let's jump into the story.
73:09:22The store that was wrong.
73:09:26>> The store that was wrong from the book
73:09:30Steve Jobs by Walter Isaxson.
73:09:34Retail
73:09:36catalog.
73:09:39Organize.
73:09:41Tear up.
73:09:44Turning point.
73:09:47Line up
73:09:49neatly.
73:09:51argue over
73:09:54embarrassment
73:09:57retailer.
73:10:00Look at this store.
73:10:03White tables, wooden floors, glass
73:10:06walls,
73:10:08and every Apple computer lined up neatly
73:10:14in its place.
73:10:28It was built in secret inside a
73:10:31warehouse near Apple's offices in
73:10:34California,
73:10:35and almost nobody was allowed in.
73:10:51Now, we're going to hear a question. I
73:10:53want you to answer it loudly in full
73:10:58sentences. Okay, let's go.
73:11:01>> Was every computer lined up neatly?
73:11:14Yes,
73:11:16every Apple computer was lined up neatly
73:11:20in its place.
73:11:22Was the store built in a warehouse or in
73:11:26a shopping center?
73:11:33It was built in secret inside a
73:11:37warehouse.
73:11:40Who was allowed into the warehouse?
73:11:46Almost nobody was allowed in.
73:11:51Here's odd. Now, let's come to the next
73:11:53part.
73:11:54>> Steve Jobs wanted Apple in retail with
73:11:58its own shops, not on the back shelves
73:12:02of electronics chains.
73:12:15He hired Ron Johnson, a retail expert
73:12:18from Target, a big American retailer,
73:12:21and they met week after week
73:12:35Now the table's turn. I'm going to ask
73:12:38you questions. You're going to do the
73:12:40talking. Let's go.
73:12:42>> Did Jobs want Apple in retail with its
73:12:45own shops?
73:12:53Yes.
73:12:55Steve Jobs wanted Apple in retail with
73:12:58its own shops.
73:13:01Was Ron Johnson a retail expert or a
73:13:05computer expert?
73:13:13He was a retail expert from Target, a
73:13:17big American retailer.
73:13:21How often did they meet?
73:13:26They met week after week.
73:13:32Great answers. Let's see what happens
73:13:34now.
73:13:36>> They argued over every detail from the
73:13:40color of the wood to the height of the
73:13:42tables.
73:13:45Finally, the prototype looked finished.
73:14:01Then Johnson realized that something was
73:14:04badly wrong.
73:14:08Nobody had seen it before, not even
73:14:11Jobs.
73:14:25Let's hear you. Now it's your turn to
73:14:27speak.
73:14:28>> Did the prototype look finished?
73:14:37Yes.
73:14:39Finally, the prototype looked finished.
73:14:44Did they agree on everything or argue
73:14:48over every detail?
73:14:54They argued over every detail.
73:14:59Who realized that something was badly
73:15:03wrong?
73:15:09Johnson realized that something was
73:15:12badly wrong.
73:15:15>> Nice one. Let's continue.
73:15:19>> Before you read on, make your own guess.
73:15:24The store was beautiful and the products
73:15:27were excellent.
73:15:38prices, location,
73:15:41size.
73:15:44None of those was the real problem at
73:15:47all.
73:15:58Great speaking time. Now let's jump into
73:16:02the speaking time.
73:16:05>> Were the products excellent?
73:16:14Yes,
73:16:17the store was beautiful and the products
73:16:21were excellent.
73:16:24Was the real problem the prices
73:16:28or something else?
73:16:34None of those was the real problem at
73:16:37all.
73:16:39What should you make before you read on?
73:16:48Before you read on, make your own guess.
73:16:55>> Now story is calling us. Let's continue.
73:16:59The store was organized around products
73:17:03with each computer lined up in its own
73:17:06area like pages in a catalog.
73:17:22People do not walk into a shop to admire
73:17:25products.
73:17:27They come to do something like share
73:17:31photos or write a letter.
73:17:47Let's turn those ears into voice.
73:17:51Was the store organized around
73:17:55customers?
73:18:03No.
73:18:06The store was organized around
73:18:09products.
73:18:11Was it like pages in a catalog or like a
73:18:16busy market?
73:18:22It was like pages
73:18:24in a catalog.
73:18:28Why do people walk into a shop?
73:18:38They come to do something
73:18:42like share photos or write a letter.
73:18:48Okay, now listening mode.
73:18:51>> So, the store should have been organized
73:18:54around what customers wanted to do.
73:19:00That was the missing clue.
73:19:14Johnson told Jobs.
73:19:18Jobs was furious because fixing it meant
73:19:22tearing up months of work.
73:19:36Let's see what stayed in your mind.
73:19:39Let's go.
73:19:41>> Should the store have been organized
73:19:44around customers?
73:19:53Yes,
73:19:55the store should have been organized
73:19:58around what customers wanted to do.
73:20:03Was Jobs pleased or furious?
73:20:11Jobs was furious.
73:20:14Why was Jobs furious?
73:20:21Fixing it meant tearing up months of
73:20:25work.
73:20:27>> That was amazing. Now, let's continue
73:20:30and enjoy the story.
73:20:32>> He complained about how big the change
73:20:35was.
73:20:37For a while, it looked as if the idea
73:20:41would die.
73:20:52A little later, Jobs quietly told the
73:20:56team that Johnson was right and the
73:20:59whole layout had to be redone.
73:21:14Okay, voice is up. Now, here comes the
73:21:17questions.
73:21:19>> Did Jobs complain about the change?
73:21:30Yes.
73:21:32He complained about how big the change
73:21:35was.
73:21:38Did Jobs tell the team that Johnson was
73:21:41right or wrong?
73:21:50Jobs quietly told the team that Johnson
73:21:55was right.
73:21:57What had to be redone?
73:22:04The whole layout had to be redone.
73:22:10>> Now relax your voice and let's continue
73:22:13listening.
73:22:15>> He could have argued over it for months.
73:22:18He could have opened a beautiful walk-in
73:22:21catalog on time.
73:22:33In Walter Isacson's biography of Jobs,
73:22:36this moment is a turning point,
73:22:40not an embarrassment.
73:22:44The rebuild cost them roughly six more
73:22:47months.
73:23:01>> Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and
73:23:03speak.
73:23:05>> Could he have argued over it for months?
73:23:16Yes,
73:23:18he could have argued over it for months.
73:23:23Is this moment a turning point or an
73:23:27embarrassment?
73:23:36This moment is a turning point.
73:23:41Not an embarrassment.
73:23:44What could he have opened on time?
73:23:53He could have opened a beautiful walk-in
73:23:56catalog on time.
73:24:00>> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep
73:24:02moving.
73:24:04When the first stores opened in May
73:24:082001,
73:24:11many critics predicted they would close
73:24:14within a couple of years.
73:24:28The wrong store might have become
73:24:31exactly that embarrassment.
73:24:35Instead, visitors came in to try things
73:24:39and ask questions.
73:24:55Okay, questions time. Let's jump into
73:24:57it.
73:24:58>> Did critics predict the stores would
73:25:02close?
73:25:10Yes,
73:25:12many critics predicted they would close
73:25:15within a couple of years.
73:25:18Might the wrong store have become an
73:25:21embarrassment
73:25:22or a success?
73:25:30The wrong store might have become
73:25:33exactly that embarrassment.
73:25:37What did visitors come in to do?
73:25:45Visitors came in to try things and ask
73:25:49questions.
73:25:52>> Great job. Now, back to the story.
73:25:55Within 3 years, yearly sales had passed
73:25:59a billion dollars.
73:26:03Few retailers had ever grown that fast.
73:26:18The stores became some of the busiest
73:26:21shops in the world.
73:26:29Now it's yours. Go ahead and talk loudly
73:26:33as much as you can.
73:26:36>> Had yearly sales passed
73:26:40a billion dollar.
73:26:49>> Yes.
73:26:52Within three years, yearly sales had
73:26:55passed a billion dollars.
73:26:59Had many retailers grown that fast or
73:27:04few?
73:27:09Few retailers had ever grown that fast.
73:27:15What did the stores become?
73:27:22The stores became some of the busiest
73:27:25shops in the world.
73:27:29See, English is already coming out of
73:27:32you. Now listen and let's continue.
73:27:35>> It is cheaper to rebuild late than to
73:27:39launch something you know is wrong.
73:27:44The hard part is admitting it in time.
73:28:00A turning point often comes late when
73:28:04you feel most tired and most proud of
73:28:08what you have already made.
73:28:21Every sentence,
73:28:23speak it out loud. Okay, let's go.
73:28:26>> Is it cheaper to launch something you
73:28:30know is wrong?
73:28:39No,
73:28:41it is cheaper to rebuild late than to
73:28:44launch something you know is wrong.
73:28:48Does a turning point often come early or
73:28:53late?
73:28:58A turning point often comes late.
73:29:04What is the hard part?
73:29:10The hard part is admitting it in time.
73:29:16>> Now, back to the story.
73:29:19>> You have prototypes of your own, an
73:29:22essay plan, a speaking answer, a study
73:29:27routine you have repeated for weeks.
73:29:42A routine can look neatly finished and
73:29:46still be built on memorizing word lists
73:29:49instead of using them.
73:30:02No pressure. Um, honestly, a little bit
73:30:05pressure. I want you to answer the
73:30:07questions in full sentences.
73:30:10>> Do you have prototypes of your own?
73:30:20>> Yes,
73:30:21you have prototypes
73:30:23of your own.
73:30:26Can a routine look neatly finished or
73:30:30only messy?
73:30:37A routine can look neatly finished.
73:30:43What can a routine still be built on?
73:30:54It can still be built on memorizing word
73:30:57lists instead of using them.
73:31:02>> Now, this is the last part. Let's bring
73:31:04it home.
73:31:06>> Which of your routines is organized
73:31:09around the wrong thing?
73:31:18Tearing up a plan feels like losing
73:31:20time.
73:31:23Launching the wrong plan loses far more.
73:31:39Here's the last questions. I want you to
73:31:42give them everything you've got.
73:31:45>> Does tearing up a plan
73:31:49feel like losing time?
73:31:58Yes.
73:32:00Tearing up a plan [clears throat]
73:32:02feels like losing time.
73:32:06Does the wrong plan lose less or far
73:32:11more?
73:32:18Launching the wrong plan loses far more.
73:32:24Which question does the narrator ask
73:32:27you?
73:32:34Which of your routines
73:32:37is organized around the wrong thing?
73:32:40[clears throat]
73:32:48The grammar we practiced today should
73:32:51have, could have, might have. So the
73:32:55store should have been organized around
73:32:57what customers wanted to do.
73:33:02He could have argued over it for months.
73:33:07He could have opened a beautiful walk-in
73:33:10catalog on time.
73:33:14The wrong store might have become
73:33:16exactly that embarrassment.
73:33:25Congratulations.
73:33:27You practiced 470 words in this story
73:33:31and you learned a lot.
73:33:35>> Let's pause for a second.
73:33:40You finished another story
73:33:44and you learned a new lesson. You
73:33:47learned a new way of thinking. And
73:33:50that's amazing.
73:33:53How we learn?
73:34:09Let's jump into this story, The Star in
73:34:13the Mirror.
73:34:14>> The Star in the Mirror from the book How
73:34:18We Learn by Benedict Kerry.
73:34:22Seizure,
73:34:24Surgery,
73:34:26Stumble,
73:34:28Silently,
73:34:31Difficulty,
73:34:33Takeover.
73:34:36Surprisingly
73:34:39have no idea
73:34:41at speed
73:34:44pencil.
73:34:47Picture a star
73:34:50drawn with a thin gap around its edges.
73:34:55Your task is to draw a line inside that
73:35:00gap.
73:35:13One difficulty. You can only see your
73:35:17hand and your pencil in a mirror where
73:35:21every movement is reversed.
73:35:38That's amazing. I want you to listen to
73:35:41the questions and answer in sentences.
73:35:44Build full sentences, not just words.
73:35:47Okay, let's go.
73:35:50>> Is every movement reversed
73:35:54in the mirror?
73:36:03Yes.
73:36:05In a mirror, every movement is reversed.
73:36:11Is your task to draw a star or a line
73:36:16inside the gap?
73:36:23Your task is to draw a line inside that
73:36:27gap.
73:36:29What is the one difficulty?
73:36:38You can only see your hand and your
73:36:41pencil
73:36:42in a mirror.
73:36:46>> Great answers. Let's see what happens
73:36:48now.
73:36:50Most people find this surprisingly hard.
73:36:54The pencil keeps going the wrong way.
73:37:05A man known to science as HM
73:37:09once did this task for the researcher
73:37:12Brenda Milner.
73:37:23Now the floor is yours. Let's go.
73:37:26>> Do most people find this easy?
73:37:36>> No.
73:37:38Most people find this surprisingly hard.
73:37:43Does the pencil go the right way or the
73:37:47wrong way?
73:37:53The pencil keeps going the wrong way.
73:37:58Who did HM do this task for?
73:38:07He did this task for the researcher
73:38:11Brenda Milner.
73:38:14>> Nice one. Let's continue.
73:38:18>> His real name was Henry Mleas
73:38:22and Benedict Kerry opens how we learn
73:38:26with his story.
73:38:37In 1953, he had brain surgery to stop
73:38:42terrible seizures,
73:38:44sudden attacks that had taken over his
73:38:47life.
73:39:00That's amazing. Now you want to speak
73:39:02what you have read and listened.
73:39:05>> Was his real name Henry Maison?
73:39:15>> Yes.
73:39:17His real name was Henry Maison.
73:39:21Did he have surgery on his brain or on
73:39:25his heart?
73:39:30He had brain surgery.
73:39:34Why did he have brain surgery?
73:39:43He had brain surgery to stop terrible
73:39:46seizures.
73:39:49>> Now back to the story.
73:39:52>> The seizures became weaker.
73:39:55However, the surgery had removed parts
73:39:58of his brain that nobody then
73:40:01understood.
73:40:13After the operation, he could not form
73:40:15new memories.
73:40:18Minutes after meeting someone, he would
73:40:21have no idea who she was.
73:40:35Spotlight now is on you. I want you to
73:40:38answer the questions by actually
73:40:41talking. Let's go.
73:40:43>> Did the seizures become weaker?
73:40:52>> Yes.
73:40:53The seizures
73:40:56became weaker.
73:40:58Could he form new memories
73:41:02or not?
73:41:09After the operation, he could not form
73:41:13new memories.
73:41:16What happened minutes after he met
73:41:19someone?
73:41:27minutes after meeting someone, he would
73:41:30have no idea who she was.
73:41:35>> All right, let's see if you've guessed
73:41:37it right. Let's go to the next part of
73:41:38the story.
73:41:42>> Milner worked with him for years,
73:41:45yet each time
73:41:48she was a stranger to him.
73:42:03Think for a moment. If a man cannot
73:42:06remember yesterday,
73:42:08can he learn anything new?
73:42:20The obvious answer is no.
73:42:25If learning means remembering,
73:42:28it should be impossible.
73:42:42Great speaking time. Now let's jump into
73:42:46the speaking time.
73:42:48>> Did Milner work with him for years?
73:43:00Yes.
73:43:02Milner worked with him for years.
73:43:07Was she a friend to him or a stranger
73:43:11each time?
73:43:18Each time she was a stranger to him.
73:43:23If learning means remembering,
73:43:27what should it be?
73:43:34If learning means remembering, it should
73:43:37be impossible.
73:43:41See, English is already coming out of
73:43:44you. Now listen and let's continue.
73:43:47>> Milner gave him the mirror star. Anyway
73:43:51on the first day, like everyone, he had
73:43:54great difficulty.
73:44:06On the second day, he had no memory of
73:44:10the task.
73:44:12He can't have remembered it. To him, it
73:44:16was new.
73:44:29>> Did that make sense? Now, let's check.
73:44:32Can he have remembered the task on the
73:44:35second day?
73:44:44No,
73:44:46he can't have remembered it. To him it
73:44:49was new.
73:44:52Did he have great difficulty on the
73:44:55first day or none?
73:45:03On the first day, like everyone, he had
73:45:06great difficulty.
73:45:08What did Miljner give him anyway?
73:45:18Milner gave him the mirror star. Anyway,
73:45:24>> now you are warmed up now. Let's keep
73:45:27moving.
73:45:29Yet his hand was better, and his pencil
73:45:33made far fewer mistakes.
73:45:38Something must have been learning.
73:45:53By the third day, he drew the star
73:45:56almost perfectly.
73:45:58and seemed surprised it went so well.
73:46:12>> Awesome. Quiz time. Let's jump into it.
73:46:16>> Did his pencil make fewer mistakes?
73:46:28Yes,
73:46:30his pencil made far fewer mistakes.
73:46:35Must something have been learning
73:46:38or forgetting?
73:46:44Something must have been learning.
73:46:48How did he draw the star? By the third
73:46:52day.
73:46:59By the third day, he drew the star
73:47:02almost perfectly.
73:47:05>> Good job. Let's continue the story.
73:47:09>> It couldn't have been luck. He improved
73:47:13day after day.
73:47:15His
73:47:17hand must have remembered what his mind
73:47:21forgot.
73:47:34The missing piece is simple.
73:47:37Memory is not one single thing.
73:47:49Now the table's turn. I'm going to ask
73:47:52you questions. You're going to do the
73:47:54talking. Let's go.
73:47:56>> Could it have been luck?
73:48:06>> No, it couldn't have been luck.
73:48:10He improved day after day.
73:48:15Is memory one single thing or more than
73:48:19one?
73:48:25Memory is not one single thing.
73:48:31What must his hand have remembered?
73:48:36His
73:48:41hand must have remembered what his mind
73:48:45forgot.
73:48:47>> Okay, now listening mode.
73:48:51>> One kind stores facts and events,
73:48:55names, faces. This morning,
73:49:00the surgery must have damaged that kind.
73:49:04Another
73:49:16kind stores how to do things, how to
73:49:21move, draw, or ride a bicycle.
73:49:25That kind still worked.
73:49:41Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and
73:49:43speak.
73:49:45>> Must the surgery have damaged one kind
73:49:49of memory?
73:49:56Yes.
73:49:58The surgery must have damaged that kind.
73:50:03Does the second kind store facts or how
73:50:07to do things?
73:50:14Another kind stores how to do things.
73:50:20What does the first kind of memory
73:50:22store?
73:50:31One kind stores facts and events, names,
73:50:36faces.
73:50:38This morning
73:50:40>> now stories calling us. Let's continue.
73:50:44>> His hand was learning silently,
73:50:48though his mind kept no record of the
73:50:50lessons.
73:51:00That matters for anyone learning a
73:51:02language
73:51:04because speaking is partly a skill of
73:51:07the mouth, not only the mind.
73:51:23Speaking time. Try answering with words
73:51:26you just heard. Go ahead.
73:51:29>> Was his hand learning
73:51:32silently?
73:51:40Yes,
73:51:42his hand was learning
73:51:45silently.
73:51:48Is speaking only a skill of the mind or
73:51:52of the mouth too?
73:52:01Speaking is partly a skill of the mouth,
73:52:06not only the mind.
73:52:09What did his mind keep no record of?
73:52:15His
73:52:18mind kept no record
73:52:22of the lessons.
73:52:25>> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen.
73:52:29>> You can know a grammar rule perfectly
73:52:32and still stumble over the words when
73:52:36you try to say the sentence at speed.
73:52:50So try this.
73:52:53Choose a short passage from this story.
73:52:57A few sentences you like.
73:53:09Okay, questions time. Let's jump into
73:53:12it.
73:53:13>> Can you stumble even if you know the
73:53:17rule?
73:53:25Yes,
73:53:27you can know a grammar rule perfectly
73:53:31and still stumble over the words.
73:53:35Do you stumble at speed or when you go
73:53:38slowly?
73:53:45You stumble when you try to say the
73:53:48sentence at speed.
73:53:52What should you choose from this story?
73:54:00Choose a short passage, a few sentences
73:54:03you like.
73:54:06>> Here's on. Now let's come to the next
73:54:08part.
73:54:10Say it aloud with the recording five
73:54:14times a day.
73:54:17Do not just read it silently.
73:54:31Some days you will still stumble and you
73:54:35will have no idea whether anything is
73:54:37changing.
73:54:47Okay, voice is up. Now, here comes the
73:54:50questions.
73:54:53>> Should you just read it silently?
73:55:01>> No,
73:55:03do not just read it silently.
73:55:07Should you say it aloud five times a day
73:55:11or once a week?
73:55:19Say it aloud with the recording five
73:55:23times a day.
73:55:26What will you have no idea about? On
73:55:29some days
73:55:35you will have no idea
73:55:38whether anything is changing.
73:55:42That's it. This is the last part of the
73:55:44story. Give it your best.
73:55:47>> Keep going anyway.
73:55:51Like that hand in the mirror, your mouth
73:55:54can take over a skill before your mind
73:55:59explains it.
73:56:12One day the passage will come out at
73:56:15speed surprisingly smooth.
73:56:20Your mouth must have been learning
73:56:24all along.
73:56:38>> One final question, bro. You've done the
73:56:41whole thing. Now, let's do the final
73:56:42one.
73:56:44Can your mouth take over a skill before
73:56:48your mind explains it?
73:56:57Yes,
73:56:59your mouth can take over a skill before
73:57:03your mind explains it.
73:57:06Will the passage come out slowly
73:57:09or at speed?
73:57:17One day the passage will come out at
73:57:19speed
73:57:21surprisingly smooth.
73:57:24What must your mouth have been doing all
73:57:26along?
73:57:34Your mouth must have been learning all
73:57:38along.
73:57:46The grammar we practice today must have.
73:57:50Can't have. He can't have remembered it.
73:57:54To him, it was new.
73:57:58Something must have been learning.
73:58:02It couldn't have been luck. He improved
73:58:05day after day.
73:58:07His
73:58:09hand must have remembered what his mind
73:58:12forgot.
73:58:20Congratulations.
73:58:21You practiced 466
73:58:24words in this story and you learned a
73:58:27lot.
73:58:29>> Amazing. So you have listened, you
73:58:31understood and you spoke.
73:58:40And that's how we learn.
73:58:43Talk like Ted.
73:59:09Let's jump into the new story, The
73:59:11Scientist Who Watched.
73:59:14>> The Scientist Who Watched from the book
73:59:17Talk Like Ted by Carmine Gallo.
73:59:22Fascinated.
73:59:24Recovery.
73:59:27Headache.
73:59:29Ambulance.
73:59:31Blood vessel.
73:59:34Luckily,
73:59:36meaningless
73:59:38surgeon
73:59:41for a living
73:59:43blood clot.
73:59:46Before dawn,
73:59:49a young brain scientist wakes with a
73:59:52terrible headache.
74:00:02The pain sits sharply behind her left
74:00:05eye, unlike any headache she has known.
74:00:17She climbs onto her exercise machine
74:00:20anyway
74:00:22because routines are hard to break.
74:00:35Now, we're going to hear a question. I
74:00:37want you to answer it loudly in full
74:00:41sentences. Okay, let's go.
74:00:45>> Does she wake with a terrible headache?
74:00:54>> Yes. Before
74:00:56dawn, she wakes with a terrible
74:00:59headache.
74:01:01Is the pain behind her left eye or her
74:01:05right eye?
74:01:13The pain sits sharply
74:01:16behind her left eye.
74:01:19Where does she climb anyway?
74:01:27She climbs onto her exercise machine.
74:01:31Anyway,
74:01:34>> good job. Let's continue the story.
74:01:37>> Then something odd happens.
74:01:41Her hands look like claws
74:01:44and her body feels [sighs] far away.
74:02:00Her name is Jill Bolt Taylor.
74:02:04It is December 1996.
74:02:07She is 37
74:02:09and she studies the brain for a living.
74:02:25Let's see what stayed in her mind. Let's
74:02:29go.
74:02:30>> Does her body feel
74:02:33close?
74:02:41No.
74:02:43Her body feels
74:02:46far away.
74:02:48Does she study the brain or the heart
74:02:52for a living?
74:02:57She studies the brain for a living.
74:03:01What do her hands look like?
74:03:08Her hands look like claws.
74:03:13Great answers. Let's see what happens
74:03:15now.
74:03:17>> She knows what a stroke is better than
74:03:20almost anyone.
74:03:23Slowly she realizes
74:03:27she is having one.
74:03:41A blood vessel has burst in the left
74:03:44side of her brain
74:03:46which handles language, numbers, and
74:03:50time.
74:04:02Okay, voice is up. Now, here comes the
74:04:05questions.
74:04:07>> Does she realize she is having a stroke?
74:04:17Yes.
74:04:19Slowly she realizes she is having one.
74:04:24Has a blood vessel burst in the left
74:04:27side or the right side?
74:04:37A blood vessel has burst in the left
74:04:40side of her brain.
74:04:43What does the left side of her brain
74:04:45handle?
74:04:52It handles language,
74:04:54numbers,
74:04:56and time.
74:04:59>> Now, back to the story. Her right arm
74:05:03stops working.
74:05:06Her words are being wiped away one by
74:05:09one.
74:05:19And here is the strangest part.
74:05:23Even through the fear, part of the
74:05:26scientist is fascinated.
74:05:41All right, time to prove your focusing.
74:05:44Let's jump into it.
74:05:46>> Are her words being wiped away?
74:05:56Yes, her words are being wiped away one
74:06:01by one.
74:06:04Is the scientist only afraid
74:06:08or also fascinated?
74:06:16Even through the fear, part of the
74:06:19scientist is fascinated.
74:06:23What stops working?
74:06:30Her right arm stops working.
74:06:35>> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the
74:06:38story.
74:06:39>> She later said she was amazed to study
74:06:44her own brain from the inside.
74:06:56She needs help,
74:06:59but calling for it has become a huge
74:07:03task.
74:07:13She stares at a business card from work.
74:07:18Its numbers look like meaningless
74:07:21shapes.
74:07:33Speaking time. I don't want you to
74:07:35overthink it. Just open your mouth and
74:07:37just talk whatever you remember from the
74:07:40story.
74:07:42>> Is calling for help easy?
74:07:51No,
74:07:53calling for it has become a huge task.
74:07:58Do the numbers look clear
74:08:01or like meaningless shapes?
74:08:08Its numbers look like meaningless
74:08:12shapes.
74:08:14What was she amazed to study?
74:08:24She was amazed to study her own brain
74:08:28from the inside.
74:08:32>> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen.
74:08:37So she matches the meaningless shapes
74:08:40one by one and after a long struggle
74:08:46reaches a colleague.
74:09:00When she opens her mouth,
74:09:03only strange sounds come [sighs] out.
74:09:08Luckily, her colleague understands and
74:09:11sends help.
74:09:25Now, it's yours. Go ahead and talk
74:09:28loudly as much as you can.
74:09:32>> Does her colleague understand her?
74:09:42>> Yes.
74:09:43Luckily, her colleague understands and
74:09:47sends help.
74:09:49Does she match the shapes all at once or
74:09:53one by one?
74:10:00She matches the meaningless shapes one
74:10:04by one.
74:10:06What comes out when she opens her mouth?
74:10:14Only strange sounds come out.
74:10:19>> Great job. Now back to the story.
74:10:23Soon she is being rushed to hospital in
74:10:26an ambulance.
74:10:30Within 3 weeks, surgeons remove a blood
74:10:34clot the size of a golf ball.
74:10:49The blood plot has been removed.
74:10:52and her body has survived.
74:10:56Her recovery has only begun.
74:11:11Let's turn those ears into voice.
74:11:16>> Is she being rushed to hospital in an
74:11:19ambulance?
74:11:28Yes.
74:11:30Soon she is being rushed to hospital in
74:11:33an ambulance.
74:11:36Has the blood clot been removed
74:11:39or left inside?
74:11:46The blood clot has been removed.
74:11:51What do the surgeons remove?
74:12:01Surgeons remove a blood clot the size of
74:12:05a golf ball.
74:12:08>> Here's on. Now let's come to the next
74:12:10part.
74:12:12Like a small child, she must rebuild
74:12:15walking, reading, speaking, and simple
74:12:20sums.
74:12:22No surgeon can do it for her.
74:12:38Luckily, a brain that has been damaged
74:12:42can still learn.
74:12:45The full recovery takes 8 years.
74:13:02Okay, questions time. Let's jump into
74:13:05it.
74:13:06>> Can a surgeon rebuild her skills for
74:13:10her?
74:13:16No.
74:13:18No surgeon can do it for her.
74:13:22Can a brain that has been damaged still
74:13:25learn or not?
74:13:34Luckily, a brain that has been damaged
74:13:37can still learn.
74:13:41How long does the full recovery take?
74:13:50The full recovery takes 8 years.
74:13:57>> See, English is already coming out of
74:13:59you. Now listen and let's continue.
74:14:03>> Many people would have wanted to forget
74:14:06it all.
74:14:08She does the opposite.
74:14:18She decides the experience that
74:14:21fascinated her can help others
74:14:24understand the brain.
74:14:37Now the table's turn. I'm going to ask
74:14:40you questions. You're going to do the
74:14:41talking. Let's go.
74:14:43Does she try to forget it all?
74:14:51No,
74:14:52she does the opposite.
74:14:56Would many people have wanted to
74:14:59remember it or forget it?
74:15:07Many people would have wanted to forget
74:15:10it all.
74:15:12What can the experience help others do?
74:15:20It can help others understand the brain.
74:15:26>> All right, let's see if you've guessed
74:15:28it right. Let's go to the next part of
74:15:30the story. Years later, she walks onto
74:15:34the TED stage
74:15:36holding a real human brain [applause] in
74:15:40her gloved hands.
74:15:53The room goes silent.
74:15:57In simple words, she describes what
74:16:00happens when one blood vessel breaks.
74:16:17Here's where you do the talking. Go
74:16:20ahead and talk and build me full
74:16:23sentences.
74:16:25Does the room go silent?
74:16:31Yes, the room goes silent.
74:16:36Is she holding a real human brain
74:16:41or a model?
74:16:50She walks onto the TED stage holding a
74:16:54real human brain.
74:16:57What does she describe in simple words?
74:17:07She describes what happens when one
74:17:10blood vessel breaks.
74:17:14>> Now story is calling us. Let's continue.
74:17:17>> Her talk becomes one of Ted's most
74:17:20watched, and millions hear from the
74:17:23inside what a stroke feels like.
74:17:37Her worst morning has become her most
74:17:41useful message.
74:17:44The pain has not disappeared
74:17:47but it has been given a purpose.
74:18:03>> Every sentence
74:18:05speak it out loud. Okay, let's go.
74:18:09Has the pain been given a purpose?
74:18:20Yes,
74:18:22the pain has not disappeared, but it has
74:18:25been given a purpose.
74:18:29Is her talk rarely watched or one of
74:18:33Ted's most watched?
74:18:36Her
74:18:41talk becomes one of Ted's most watched.
74:18:46What has her worst morning become?
74:18:55Her worst morning has become her most
74:18:59useful message.
74:19:02>> Now relax your voice and let's continue
74:19:05listening.
74:19:07Your hardest experience can become your
74:19:09best lesson for others if you study it
74:19:14instead of hiding it.
74:19:26Think of your own English story. The
74:19:29exam you failed or the meeting where you
74:19:32froze.
74:19:35No ambulance came yet. It hurt.
74:19:52>> Awesome. Now it's speaking turn.
74:19:56>> Did an ambulance come for your failed
74:19:59exam?
74:20:06No,
74:20:08no ambulance came
74:20:11yet. It hurt.
74:20:13Should you study your hardest experience
74:20:18or hide it?
74:20:23Study it instead of hiding it.
74:20:27What can your hardest experience become?
74:20:37It can become your best lesson for
74:20:40others.
74:20:43That's it. This is the last part of a
74:20:44story. Give it your best.
74:20:47>> You may see that day as a scar.
74:20:51A learner stuck where you were would see
74:20:55a map.
74:21:06So stop hiding it.
74:21:09You need not study brains for a living.
74:21:14Tell it simply and let it teach someone.
74:21:31All right, final questions. I want you
74:21:34to answer full sentences and let's go.
74:21:38>> Do you need to study brains for a
74:21:41living?
74:21:48>> No,
74:21:49you need not study brains for a living.
74:21:52Would
74:21:54a stuck learner see a scar or a map?
74:22:04A learner stuck where you were would see
74:22:08a map.
74:22:10What should you do with your story?
74:22:18Tell it simply and let it teach someone.
74:22:30The grammar we practiced today passive
74:22:34continuous and perfect. Her words are
74:22:38being wiped away one by one.
74:22:43Soon she is being rushed to hospital in
74:22:45an ambulance.
74:22:48The blood clot has been removed and her
74:22:51body has survived.
74:22:55Luckily, a brain that has been damaged
74:22:58can still learn.
74:23:06Congratulations.
74:23:09You practiced 467
74:23:12words in this story and you learned a
74:23:16lot.
74:23:18>> Okay.
74:23:28So, if you think about it, you're
74:23:30learning
74:23:31very key lessons that are going to
74:23:34improve your your your whole mindset.
74:23:38That's amazing.
74:23:46Just just listen to what happened.
74:23:53Speaking or reading
74:23:58social media.
74:24:10This
74:24:18Fore! Foreign! Foreign!
74:24:29for
74:24:50Shakespeare AI
74:24:56speaking.
74:25:01speaking.
74:25:15Shakespeare AI.
74:25:23Fore
74:25:42English.
74:26:10Didn't do that. foreign.
74:26:18Awesome.
74:26:41It's something amazing. It's something
74:26:43totally crazy.
74:26:53Think and grow rich.
74:26:57forchech.
74:27:43Let's go. The Old Kettle from the book
74:27:47Think and Grow Rich by Napoleon Hill.
74:27:52Historical.
74:27:55Historical.
74:27:57Historical.
74:27:59Historical.
74:28:01Historical.
74:28:03Historical.
74:28:06Historical.
74:28:08Historical.
74:28:10Piece by piece.
74:28:13Historical.
74:28:16It is said
74:28:18that a fortune once began
74:28:21at the back door of a small American
74:28:24drugstore.
74:28:36An old country doctor is said to have
74:28:39arrived by horse and buggy with
74:28:42something to sell.
74:28:55No one word answer. I don't want you to
74:28:57give me like ah small answers. I want
74:28:59you to give me full sentences aloud and
74:29:01when you're going to hear and listen to
74:29:03the sentence, repeat it yourself. Okay,
74:29:07let's go.
74:29:08>> Is it said that a fortune began at a
74:29:12drugstore?
74:29:21Yes,
74:29:23it is said that a fortune once began
74:29:28at the back door of a small American
74:29:31drugstore.
74:29:34Is the doctor said to have arrived by
74:29:37train or by horse and buggy?
74:29:45He is said to have arrived
74:29:48by horse and buggy.
74:29:51What did the old country doctor bring?
74:29:59He came with something to sell.
74:30:05Now, back to the story.
74:30:08Behind the counter, he and a young cler
74:30:12talked in low voices for more than an
74:30:16hour.
74:30:27Then the doctor fetched a large old
74:30:30kettle and a wooden paddle for stirring
74:30:34from his buggy.
74:30:46Okay, questions time.
74:30:50>> Did the doctor and the cler talk for
74:30:53more than an hour?
74:31:02Yes,
74:31:03they talked in low voices for more than
74:31:07an hour.
74:31:10Did the doctor fetch a kettle or a box?
74:31:21He fetched a large old kettle and a
74:31:25wooden paddle for stirring.
74:31:28What was the wooden paddle for?
74:31:36The wooden paddle was for stirring.
74:31:41Here's Odd. Now, let's come to the next
74:31:43part.
74:31:45>> He also handed over a small slip of
74:31:48paper. [snorts]
74:31:51On it was written a secret formula.
74:32:06The cler is said to have paid the doctor
74:32:11$500,
74:32:14his entire savings.
74:32:28Now it's yours. Go ahead and talk loudly
74:32:32as much as you can.
74:32:35>> Is the cler said to have paid $500?
74:32:48Yes.
74:32:50The cler is said to have paid the doctor
74:32:54$500,
74:32:57his entire savings.
74:33:01Was the secret formula on a slip of
74:33:04paper or in a book?
74:33:11It was written on a small slip of paper.
74:33:17What was written on the slip of paper?
74:33:24A secret formula was written on it.
74:33:29>> All right, let's see if you've guessed
74:33:31it right. Let's go to the next part of
74:33:32the story.
74:33:35>> Imagine his friends hearing about the
74:33:37deal.
74:33:39all his savings [laughter] for a
74:33:41worthless old kettle and a few lines of
74:33:45handwriting.
74:33:58To the doctor, the sail was a relief.
74:34:03He was glad [clears throat] to be rid
74:34:04[sighs] of it.
74:34:14Okay, voice is up. Now, here comes the
74:34:17questions.
74:34:19>> Was the sale a relief to the doctor?
74:34:30Yes,
74:34:32to the doctor the sale was a relief.
74:34:36Did his friends see a treasure or a
74:34:40worthless old kettle?
74:34:49They saw a worthless old kettle and a
74:34:53few lines of handwriting.
74:34:56Why was the doctor glad?
74:35:02He was glad to be rid of it.
74:35:07>> Great answers. Let's see what happens
74:35:09now.
74:35:11>> The cler is believed to have seen
74:35:13something the doctor had missed.
74:35:18The drink was only half of the treasure.
74:35:34The other half, the storyteller argues,
74:35:37was what the cler added.
74:35:41Imagination and a plan to sell far
74:35:45beyond one town.
74:36:00Let's hear you. Now it's your turn to
74:36:01speak.
74:36:03>> Is the cler believed to have seen
74:36:05something the doctor missed.
74:36:15Yes.
74:36:17The cler is believed to have seen
74:36:20something. The doctor had missed.
74:36:24Was the drink the whole treasure or only
74:36:28half?
74:36:34The drink was only half of the treasure.
74:36:39What did the cler add?
74:36:48The cler added imagination and a plan to
74:36:52sell far beyond one town.
74:36:57>> So smooth. Awesome. Now let's listen.
74:37:01>> Slowly the drink traveled
74:37:04first to nearby towns,
74:37:07then across the country,
74:37:11then around the world.
74:37:26The drink from that kettle carries a
74:37:29name now printed on bottles around the
74:37:33world.
74:37:43Speaking time. Try answering with words
74:37:46you just heard. Go ahead.
74:37:50>> Did the drink stay in one town?
74:38:01No.
74:38:02It traveled across the country then
74:38:06around the world.
74:38:08Did the drink travel quickly or slowly?
74:38:16Slowly the drink traveled.
74:38:20Where is its name printed now?
74:38:29Its name is now printed on bottles
74:38:33around the world.
74:38:37Great job. Now back to the story.
74:38:40>> It was CocaCola.
74:38:45The book is Think and Grow Rich and its
74:38:49author Napoleon Hill named the young
74:38:53Clark as
74:38:56Candler.
74:39:01Here
74:39:10a careful reader should pause.
74:39:14Hill told it almost like a parable and
74:39:17the historical record is less tidy.
74:39:32Speaking time, I don't want you to
74:39:34overthink it. Just open your mouth and
74:39:37just talk whatever you remember from the
74:39:39story.
74:39:41>> Did Hill name the young Clark as Acera
74:39:46Candler?
74:39:54Yes.
74:39:56Napoleon Hill named the young cler as
74:40:00Acera Candler.
74:40:04Is the historical record tidy
74:40:08or less tidy?
74:40:16The historical record is less tidy.
74:40:22What did Hill tell it almost like?
74:40:32Hill told it almost like a parable.
74:40:38>> Nice one. Let's continue.
74:40:42>> The drink had been invented by a
74:40:44pharmacist and Candler was no young
74:40:48Clark.
74:40:50He was a successful drugist in his late
74:40:5330s.
74:41:06Between 1888 and 1891,
74:41:10he gathered the rights piece by piece,
74:41:14paying a little over $2,000 in all.
74:41:30Let's see what stayed in your mind.
74:41:33Let's go.
74:41:35>> Was Candler a young Clark?
74:41:45No.
74:41:47Candler was no young Clark.
74:41:51He was a successful drugist.
74:41:54Was the drink invented by a pharmacist
74:41:58or by a doctor?
74:42:04The drink had been invented by a
74:42:07pharmacist.
74:42:10How did he gather the rights?
74:42:19He gathered the rights piece by piece.
74:42:25>> Okay. Now listening mode.
74:42:28>> So the kettle scene is not historical in
74:42:31every detail.
74:42:34It is believed that Hill shaped it into
74:42:38a parable.
74:42:51Its point survives
74:42:54in the hands of the pharmacist. The
74:42:56formula had not become a fortune.
74:43:10Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and
74:43:12speak.
74:43:14>> Is the kettle scene historical in every
74:43:18detail?
74:43:26No,
74:43:27the kettle scene is not historical in
74:43:31every detail.
74:43:34Is it believed that Hill shaped it into
74:43:37a parable or a report?
74:43:46It is believed that Hill shaped it into
74:43:50a parable.
74:43:53What had the formula not become in the
74:43:56pharmacist's hands?
74:44:06In the hands of the pharmacist, the
74:44:09formula had not become a fortune.
74:44:15See, English is already coming out of
74:44:18you. Now listen and let's continue.
74:44:21It had been sold off
74:44:24piece by piece
74:44:29in the hands of someone with a vision.
74:44:32It grew into a giant company.
74:44:47value is rarely printed on the object.
74:44:53It is seen by the person who looks at it
74:44:57and asks what it could become.
74:45:03[clears throat]
74:45:14Great speaking time. Now let's jump into
74:45:18the speaking time.
74:45:20>> Was the formula sold off piece by piece?
74:45:32Yes,
74:45:34it had been sold off [gasps] piece by
74:45:38piece.
74:45:40Is value printed on the object or seen
74:45:44by a person?
74:45:50It is seen by the person who looks at
74:45:53it.
74:45:55What did it grow into?
74:46:01It grew into a giant company.
74:46:06>> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the
74:46:09story.
74:46:10>> You may own an old kettle, too. a dusty
74:46:15grammar book, a free course, unused
74:46:19notes.
74:46:22Throwing them away would feel like a
74:46:24relief.
74:46:37They look worthless because they are
74:46:39common.
74:46:41So did a slip of handwriting until
74:46:44someone acted on it.
74:46:57>> Now the floors yours. Let's go.
74:47:01>> Would throwing them away feel like a
74:47:03relief?
74:47:11Yes,
74:47:13throwing them away would feel like a
74:47:17relief.
74:47:19Is your old kettle a dusty grammar book
74:47:23or a new phone?
74:47:31You may own an old kettle, too. A dusty
74:47:36grammar book.
74:47:38Why do they look borders?
74:47:45They look worthless because they are
74:47:47common.
74:47:50>> Now, this is the final part. I want you
74:47:52to focus and jump into it.
74:47:55This week, choose one dusty English
74:47:59resource you already have and treat it
74:48:02as if it had cost you all your savings.
74:48:18Finish it. Stir it every day.
74:48:24The treasure was never the kettle.
74:48:28It was what the buyer did next.
74:48:44Last questions. Finish the story with
74:48:48the best answers possible.
74:48:51Should you stir it every day?
74:49:01Yes.
74:49:03Finish it.
74:49:05Stir it every day.
74:49:08Was the treasure the kettle
74:49:11or what the buyer did next?
74:49:21The treasure was never the kettle.
74:49:24It was what the buyer did next.
74:49:28What should you choose this week?
74:49:38Choose one dusty English resource you
74:49:42already have.
74:49:50The grammar we practice today,
74:49:53impersonal passive. It is said that a
74:49:57fortune once began at the back door of a
74:50:00small American drugstore.
74:50:04An old country doctor is said to have
74:50:07arrived by horse and buggy with
74:50:09something to sell.
74:50:12The cler is said to have paid the doctor
74:50:15$500,
74:50:17his entire savings.
74:50:21The cler is believed to have seen
74:50:23something the doctor had missed.
74:50:32Congratulations.
74:50:34You practiced 459 words in this story
74:50:38and you learned a lot. Awesome.
74:50:43A full story in English.
74:50:51That's a huge, huge achievement.
74:50:57Great job.
74:51:00The power of habit.
74:51:12Let's go into the story. The kebab
74:51:15sellers.
74:51:17>> The kebab sellers from the book The
74:51:20Power of Habit by Charles Duhig.
74:51:25Riot.
74:51:27Chaos.
74:51:29Chant.
74:51:31Violence.
74:51:33Bury.
74:51:35Out of reach.
74:51:38In common
74:51:40turn into
74:51:43a remote control
74:51:46escalate
74:51:49an afternoon
74:51:51in a city square.
74:51:55A few people gather,
74:51:58then a few more,
74:52:00then a few hundred.
74:52:15This was Kufur in Iraq
74:52:19in the years when American soldiers were
74:52:21stationed there.
74:52:32No one answer. I don't want you to give
74:52:33me like ah small answers. I want you to
74:52:35give me full sentences aloud and when
74:52:38you're going to hear and listen to the
74:52:40sentence, repeat it yourself. Okay,
74:52:43let's go.
74:52:45Was Kufa
74:52:47a city in Iraq?
74:52:56Yes,
74:52:59this was Kufa in Iraq.
74:53:03Did a few people gather or a few
74:53:06hundred?
74:53:15First a few people gathered, then a few
74:53:18more,
74:53:20then a few hundred.
74:53:24Who was stationed in Kufur in those
74:53:27years?
74:53:31American soldiers were stationed there.
74:53:36>> Good job. Let's continue the story.
74:53:39>> Early in the power of habit, Charles
74:53:43Doohig takes us to squares like this and
74:53:46to a US Army major there.
74:53:55His
74:54:01problem was simple.
74:54:04Crowds like this sometimes turned into
74:54:06riots and people got hurt.
74:54:12[cheering]
74:54:19No pressure. Um, honestly, a little bit
74:54:22pressure. I want you to answer the
74:54:24questions in full sentences.
74:54:28>> Did crowds like this sometimes turn into
74:54:31riots?
74:54:40>> Yes.
74:54:41Crowds like this sometimes turned into
74:54:44riots and people got hurt.
74:54:49Was he a US Army major or a police
74:54:53officer?
74:54:58He was a US Army major.
74:55:02Who takes us to squares like this?
74:55:11Charles Doohig takes us there early in
74:55:15the power of habit.
74:55:19All right, let's see if you've guessed
74:55:20it right. Let's go to the next part of
74:55:22the story.
74:55:24>> He had studied videotapes of earlier
74:55:26riots looking for anything they had in
74:55:29common.
74:55:36What gets a peaceful crowd to turn into
74:55:40a riot
74:55:43in his place?
74:55:45What would you have done?
74:55:59Spotlight now is on you. I want you to
74:56:02answer the questions by actually
74:56:05talking. Let's go.
74:56:07>> Did the major study videotapes of
74:56:11earlier riots?
74:56:19Yes,
74:56:21he studied videotapes of earlier riots.
74:56:26Was he looking for differences
74:56:29or for what the riots had in common?
74:56:38He was looking for anything the riots
74:56:41had in common.
74:56:44What did the major want to learn from
74:56:47the tapes?
74:56:55He wanted to learn what gets a peaceful
74:56:58crowd to turn into a riot.
74:57:03>> Nice one. Let's continue.
74:57:06>> The usual answers come quickly.
74:57:09Get more soldiers sent in.
74:57:12Close the roads early.
74:57:23They are expensive and they can escalate
74:57:27the trouble making an angry crowd
74:57:30angrier.
74:57:40Speaking time. Try answering with words
74:57:43you just heard. Go ahead.
74:57:47>> Is getting more soldiers sent in a usual
74:57:50answer?
74:57:59Yes.
74:58:01Getting more soldiers sent in is one of
74:58:04the usual answers.
74:58:07Can the usual answers calm trouble
74:58:11or escalate it?
74:58:20They can escalate the trouble, making an
74:58:23angry crowd angrier.
74:58:27Why are the usual answers a problem?
74:58:38They are expensive
74:58:41and they can escalate the trouble.
74:58:46>> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep
74:58:48moving.
74:58:50>> He noticed something smaller the tapes
74:58:53had in common.
74:58:55The violence rarely started when people
74:58:59first arrived.
74:59:11A crowd would gather and grow for hours.
74:59:16Food sellers would arrive and people who
74:59:19only came to watch would stay.
74:59:26Awesome.
74:59:33Now it's speaking turn.
74:59:36Did the violence start when people first
74:59:39arrived?
74:59:48No,
74:59:50the violence rarely started when people
74:59:53first arrived.
74:59:56Did the people who only came to watch
74:59:59leave
75:00:02or stay?
75:00:06They would stay.
75:00:09What did the tapes have in common?
75:00:15[clears throat]
75:00:19Crowds grew for hours.
75:00:23Food sellers arrived and the violence
75:00:26came later.
75:00:30>> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's
75:00:33keep it up and jump into the story.
75:00:36>> Only later as the day went on. Would
75:00:41someone throw a stone or a bottle
75:00:46and ch.
75:01:01So he went to the mayor of Kufur and got
75:01:05him to keep food sellers out of the
75:01:09squares.
75:01:22>> A quick check before we move on. I want
75:01:24you to answer these questions.
75:01:28Did chaos follow the stones and bottles?
75:01:39Yes.
75:01:41Someone would throw a stone or a bottle
75:01:46and chaos would follow.
75:01:49Did the major go to the police
75:01:52or to the mayor?
75:01:58He went to the mayor of Kufer.
75:02:01What did the major get the mayor to do?
75:02:09He got him to keep food sellers out of
75:02:12the squares.
75:02:15>> That was amazing. Now, let's continue
75:02:18and enjoy the story.
75:02:20>> It sounded almost silly.
75:02:24kebabs against riots. [laughter]
75:02:28The mayor agreed anyway.
75:02:41A few weeks later, a crowd gathered near
75:02:44the great mosque of Kufur.
75:02:48It grew all afternoon and the chanting
75:02:52became loud and angry.
75:03:08>> Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and
75:03:10speak.
75:03:12>> Did the mayor refuse the request?
75:03:21No.
75:03:23The mayor [snorts] agreed anyway.
75:03:27Was the chanting quiet or loud and
75:03:32angry?
75:03:37The chanting became loud and angry.
75:03:43Where did the crowd gather? A few weeks
75:03:46later,
75:03:51it gathered near the great mosque of
75:03:54Kufa.
75:03:57>> Now relax your voice and let's continue
75:04:00listening.
75:04:02>> The local police were nervous.
75:04:05Everyone could feel the afternoon about
75:04:08to escalate into chaos.
75:04:23Then evening came and people got hungry.
75:04:28They looked around for the kebab sellers
75:04:31who were always there.
75:04:43Now the floor is yours. Let's go.
75:04:47>> Were the local police calm?
75:04:55No. The local police were nervous.
75:05:00Was the afternoon about to escalate
75:05:03[gasps] into chaos
75:05:05or into peace?
75:05:14Everyone could feel the afternoon about
75:05:17to escalate into chaos.
75:05:21What did hungry people look for in the
75:05:25evening?
75:05:31They looked around for the kebab sellers
75:05:35who are always there.
75:05:38>> See, English is already coming out of
75:05:41you. Now listen and let's continue.
75:05:45>> There were none.
75:05:48The people who had come only to watch
75:05:51drifted home to eat.
75:06:02Without an audience, the men still
75:06:05chanting lost their energy.
75:06:08By 8:00, the square was empty.
75:06:24Awesome. Quiz time. Let's jump into it.
75:06:28>> Were there any kebab sellers in the
75:06:31square?
75:06:36>> No, there were none.
75:06:40Did the watchers stay or drift home to
75:06:44eat?
75:06:48They drifted home to eat.
75:06:52What happened to the men still chanting?
75:07:01Without an audience, they lost their
75:07:04energy
75:07:06>> now. Story's calling us. Let's continue.
75:07:10>> Nobody had been hurt.
75:07:14Less food, not more force, had got the
75:07:18crowd to go home.
75:07:31The major had understood that violence
75:07:34is not one sudden event.
75:07:38A riot is a chain of small habits
75:07:43repeated in order.
75:07:58Okay, let's pause for a second. Now I'm
75:08:00going to ask you questions. Now it's
75:08:02over to you to answer them.
75:08:05>> Did more force get the crowd to go home?
75:08:16No.
75:08:18Less food, not more force, got the crowd
75:08:22to go home.
75:08:24Is violence one sudden event
75:08:28or a chain of small habits?
75:08:38Violence is not one sudden event.
75:08:42A riot is a chain of small habits.
75:08:48How many people had been hurt?
75:08:54Nobody had been hurt.
75:08:58>> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the
75:09:01story.
75:09:03>> Find the small habit that feeds a big
75:09:07problem. And the big problem may lose
75:09:11its fuel. [clears throat]
75:09:23Your biggest English problem
75:09:26might be feeding on something just
75:09:29[clears throat] as small.
75:09:38Maybe you never practice speaking
75:09:41because your phone is always on the
75:09:43desk.
75:09:53Great speaking time. Now let's jump into
75:09:57the speaking time.
75:09:59Can a small habit feed a big problem?
75:10:12Yes,
75:10:13a small habit can feed a big problem.
75:10:19Is your phone always on the desk
75:10:23or out of reach?
75:10:30Maybe your phone is always on the desk.
75:10:35What might your biggest English problem
75:10:39be feeding on?
75:10:47It might be feeding on something just as
75:10:51small.
75:10:54>> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen.
75:10:58>> Maybe you skip reading because the book
75:11:01is buried in your bag and the remote
75:11:04control sits by your hand.
75:11:17Try this for one week.
75:11:21Find your problems kebab seller.
75:11:25The small thing that keeps the crowd
75:11:28around.
75:11:42>> That's amazing. Now you want to speak
75:11:44what you have read and listened.
75:11:47>> Is the book buried in your bag?
75:11:58Yes.
75:12:00Maybe the book is buried in your bag.
75:12:05Is the remote control by your hand
75:12:09or far away?
75:12:15The remote control sits by your hand.
75:12:19How long should you try this?
75:12:26Try this for one week.
75:12:30>> Now, this is the final part. I want you
75:12:33to focus and jump into it.
75:12:36>> Get the buried book taken out and left
75:12:39on your pillow.
75:12:42Get someone to put the remote control
75:12:45out of reach.
75:12:57Then watch as the major did what happens
75:13:02by 8:00
75:13:04once the kebabs are out of reach.
75:13:13Here's
75:13:21the last questions. I want you to give
75:13:24them everything you've got.
75:13:27>> Should you get someone to put the remote
75:13:29control
75:13:31out of reach?
75:13:39Yes.
75:13:40Get someone to put the remote control
75:13:44out of reach.
75:13:46Should you get the book taken out
75:13:50or left in your bag?
75:13:59Get the buried book taken out and left
75:14:03on your pillow.
75:14:06When should you watch what happens?
75:14:15Watch what happens by 8:00
75:14:19as the major did.
75:14:28The grammar we practiced today, get
75:14:31something done, get someone to. What
75:14:36gets a peaceful crowd to turn into a
75:14:38riot?
75:14:41Get more soldiers sent in.
75:14:46So he went to the mayor of Kufur and got
75:14:49him to keep food sellers out of the
75:14:51squares.
75:14:54Less food, not more force, had got the
75:14:57crowd to go home.
75:15:01Congratulations.
75:15:07You practiced 461
75:15:10words in this story and you learned a
75:15:12lot.
75:15:15>> That's awesome.
75:15:22Congratulations
75:15:23and let's keep going.
75:15:27How the mighty fall.
75:15:56But you really really want to kind of
75:16:13You want to read this book? Let's jump
75:16:14into the story, The Clean Way Out.
75:16:18>> The Clean Way Out from the book How the
75:16:23Mighty Fall by Jim Collins.
75:16:27Lender
75:16:29costly.
75:16:32Collapse.
75:16:34Declare.
75:16:36Refusal.
75:16:38Run low.
75:16:41Share price.
75:16:44Run into
75:16:46far from over.
75:16:49Brutal.
75:16:52The 1st of May 2000.
75:16:57An Mahhei is made president of Xerox,
75:17:02the company that gave the world the
75:17:04office copier.
75:17:18She has spent her career there starting
75:17:21in sales.
75:17:23She loves the company and it is in
75:17:27serious trouble.
75:17:41No one word answer. I don't want you to
75:17:43give me like ah small answers. I want
75:17:44you to give me full sentences aloud. And
75:17:47when you're going to hear and listen to
75:17:49the sentence, repeat it yourself. Okay,
75:17:52let's go.
75:17:54>> Was M. Malke made president of Sierox?
75:18:06Yes.
75:18:07Anne Malkei was made president of Xerox.
75:18:13Did she start her career in sales
75:18:17or in finance?
75:18:23She started in sales.
75:18:28What did Xerox give the world?
75:18:37It gave the world
75:18:40the office copier.
75:18:44>> Here's Odd. Now, let's come to the next
75:18:45part.
75:18:47Its debts run into billions of dollars.
75:18:51Its share price has lost most of its
75:18:54value. And cash is running low.
75:19:09She is not a finance expert.
75:19:13Nobody has ever trained her to rescue a
75:19:16company this sick.
75:19:28>> Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to
75:19:30answer the questions?
75:19:32>> Was cash running low at Xerox?
75:19:42Yes,
75:19:44cash was running low.
75:19:48Did its debts run into millions
75:19:52or into billions?
75:20:00Its debts ran into billions of dollars.
75:20:05What had the share price lost?
75:20:14The share price had lost most of its
75:20:18value.
75:20:21>> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen.
75:20:25>> October 2000.
75:20:29Speaking to investors, she admits that
75:20:32the company's business model cannot
75:20:36continue.
75:20:48It is honest and it is costly.
75:20:53The share price collapses in a single
75:20:57day.
75:21:09Let's see what stayed in her mind. Let's
75:21:13go.
75:21:15Did she admit that the business model
75:21:18could not continue?
75:21:27Yes,
75:21:29she admitted that the company's business
75:21:32model could not continue.
75:21:36Was her honesty free
75:21:40or costly?
75:21:46It was honest
75:21:49and it was costly.
75:21:52How quickly did the share price
75:21:55collapse?
75:22:02The share price collapsed in a single
75:22:05day.
75:22:08Now back to the story.
75:22:11>> August 2001,
75:22:15she is named chief executive.
75:22:19The goal now is simple and brutal.
75:22:24Keep Xerox alive.
75:22:39Her advisers suggest declaring
75:22:41bankruptcy,
75:22:43a clean way out that lets a court shield
75:22:46the company from its lenders.
75:22:58A quick check before we move on. I want
75:23:01you to answer these questions.
75:23:04>> Did her advisors suggest declaring
75:23:08bankruptcy?
75:23:15Yes.
75:23:17Her advisor suggested declaring
75:23:20bankruptcy.
75:23:23Would bankruptcy shield the company from
75:23:26its lenders
75:23:28or from its customers?
75:23:36It would let a court shield the company
75:23:39from its lenders.
75:23:43What was the goal when she became chief
75:23:45executive?
75:23:54The goal was simple and brutal.
75:23:58Keep Xerox alive.
75:24:03>> Nice one. Let's continue.
75:24:06>> Many leaders would take that road.
75:24:11It is legal. It keeps the lenders quiet
75:24:17and it takes weight off your shoulders.
75:24:19[sighs and gasps]
75:24:33She refuses to declare bankruptcy,
75:24:37believing it would damage customers,
75:24:40workers, and the company's name for
75:24:43years.
75:24:57>> Let's hear you. Now it's your turn to
75:24:59speak.
75:25:00Did she agree to declare bankruptcy?
75:25:10No.
75:25:12She refused to declare bankruptcy.
75:25:17Does bankruptcy keep the lenders quiet
75:25:21or make them angry?
75:25:28It keeps the lenders quiet.
75:25:32Why did she refuse to declare
75:25:35bankruptcy?
75:25:43She believed it would damage customers,
75:25:47workers, and the company's name for
75:25:51years. [clears throat]
75:25:54Great answers. Let's see what happens
75:25:56now.
75:25:58>> So, the hard path begins.
75:26:02She sells parts that are not central and
75:26:06yearly savings run into more than a
75:26:08billion dollar.
75:26:22About 25,000 jobs disappear,
75:26:27each one belonging to a person with a
75:26:29family.
75:26:32The price is brutal.
75:26:47>> Okay, questions time.
75:26:51Did about 25,000 jobs disappear?
75:27:02Yes.
75:27:04About 25,000 jobs disappeared.
75:27:10Did the yearly savings run into
75:27:13thousands
75:27:15or into more than a billion dollars?
75:27:24The yearly savings ran into more than a
75:27:28billion.
75:27:31How does the story describe the price of
75:27:34the cuts?
75:27:39The price is brutal.
75:27:44>> Good job. Let's continue the story.
75:27:47Yet she insists on protecting one
75:27:51budget.
75:27:54Research the labs where Xerox is
75:27:57building its future products.
75:28:12Cutting research would save money
75:28:14quickly and leave nothing new to sell a
75:28:19few years later.
75:28:30Spotlight now is on you. I want you to
75:28:33answer the questions by actually
75:28:36talking. Let's go.
75:28:38Did she insist on protecting research?
75:28:49Yes.
75:28:51She insisted on protecting one budget,
75:28:57research.
75:28:59Would cutting research save money slowly
75:29:04or quickly?
75:29:11Cutting research would save money
75:29:13quickly.
75:29:16What would cutting research leave a few
75:29:19years later?
75:29:25It would leave nothing new to sell.
75:29:30Now stories calling us. Let's continue.
75:29:34She travels constantly
75:29:36asking customers and employees to stay
75:29:39with Xerox a little longer.
75:29:51The end of 2002.
75:29:56For the first time in years, the company
75:29:59reports a profit for the full year.
75:30:15Awesome. Now it's speaking turn.
75:30:18>> Did she ask customers to stay with
75:30:22Xerox?
75:30:30Yes,
75:30:32she asked customers and employees to
75:30:35stay a little longer.
75:30:38Did the company report a less or a
75:30:42profit at the end of 2002?
75:30:50It reported a profit for the full year.
75:30:55How often did she travel?
75:31:01She traveled constantly.
75:31:06>> All right, let's see if you've guessed
75:31:08it right. Let's go to the next part of
75:31:09the story.
75:31:11>> It is small
75:31:13and the fight is far from over.
75:31:19Still, a company many expected to
75:31:22collapse is standing again.
75:31:37Later, products from the protected labs
75:31:41help Xerox grow, and she leads it for
75:31:45most of a decade.
75:31:58speaking time. I don't want you to
75:32:00overthink it. Just open your mouth and
75:32:03just talk whatever you remember from the
75:32:05story.
75:32:07>> Was the fight over?
75:32:14No,
75:32:16the fight was far from over.
75:32:20Did the company collapse
75:32:23or stand again?
75:32:32A company many expected to collapse
75:32:35was standing again.
75:32:39How long did she lead Xerox?
75:32:46>> She led it for most of a decade.
75:32:51>> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's
75:32:54keep it up and jump into the story.
75:32:58>> Looking back, the turning point was not
75:33:01one clever move.
75:33:04It was a refusal made early whilst he
75:33:08still had options.
75:33:22Refuse to give in while you still have a
75:33:25choice.
75:33:27Once you give in, the choice is no
75:33:30longer yours.
75:33:42Did that make sense? Now, let's check.
75:33:46Was the turning point
75:33:48one clever move?
75:33:57No,
75:33:59it was a refusal made early.
75:34:04Should you refuse to give in early
75:34:08or late?
75:34:14Refuse to give in while you still have a
75:34:17choice.
75:34:20What happens once you give in?
75:34:29Once you give in, the choice is no
75:34:32longer yours.
75:34:36>> Great job. Now, back to the story.
75:34:39>> Many learners reach their own. October
75:34:422000.
75:34:45The results are bad. Energy runs low.
75:34:49And quitting sounds reasonable.
75:35:04Then a voice inside suggests taking the
75:35:08clean way out, postponing the exam or
75:35:12deciding you are bad at languages.
75:35:27Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and
75:35:29speak.
75:35:31>> Does quitting sometimes sound
75:35:34reasonable?
75:35:42Yes.
75:35:45When the results are bad, quitting
75:35:48sounds reasonable.
75:35:51Does the voice inside suggest working
75:35:55harder
75:35:56or taking the clean way out?
75:36:05It suggests taking the clean way out.
75:36:11What does the voice inside suggest
75:36:14postponing?
75:36:19It suggests postponing the exam.
75:36:24>> And now the big finish.
75:36:28>> Before you take it, make your own
75:36:31refusal.
75:36:33Decide what you will not give up. Even
75:36:38if holding on feels costly.
75:36:53For her it was the research labs.
75:36:57For you it might be your exam date kept
75:37:00on the calendar, not quietly moved.
75:37:16If your numbers look terrible right now,
75:37:19good.
75:37:21You are finally looking at them honestly
75:37:25and your story is far from over.
75:37:42Awesome. This is the final questions for
75:37:45this one. Go ahead. I don't want you to
75:37:46leave anything on the table. Try to
75:37:48answer every single question. Go ahead.
75:37:52Should you make your own refusal?
75:38:02Yes.
75:38:04Make your own refusal.
75:38:08Decide what you will not give up.
75:38:12Should your exam date stay on the
75:38:15calendar
75:38:17or be quietly moved?
75:38:25It should be kept on the calendar, not
75:38:29quietly moved.
75:38:32Why is it good if your numbers look
75:38:35terrible?
75:38:44You are finally looking at them honestly
75:38:47and your story is far from over.
75:38:59The grammar we practice today, reporting
75:39:02verbs. Speaking to investors, she admits
75:39:06that the company's business model cannot
75:39:08continue.
75:39:12Her advisers suggest declaring
75:39:14bankruptcy, a clean way out that lets a
75:39:17court shield the company from its
75:39:19lenders.
75:39:22She refuses to declare bankruptcy,
75:39:25believing it would damage customers,
75:39:27workers, and the company's name for
75:39:29years.
75:39:32Yet she insists on protecting one
75:39:35budget, research. The labs where Xerox
75:39:39is building its future products.
75:39:48Congratulations.
75:39:49You practiced 467
75:39:52words in this story and you learned a
75:39:55lot.
75:39:58>> Well done.
75:40:00And here's the thing.
75:40:03You are constantly learning something
75:40:06new. You're learning how to think in an
75:40:08ambitious way.
75:40:20And that's amazing.
75:40:24The obstacle is the way.
75:40:30Oh my god. Obstacles.
75:40:59Alhamdulillah. Asia.
75:41:24That's an amazing concept.
75:41:28F. Yeah. Let's get us started with the
75:41:30story, The Smile in Renault.
75:41:34>> The Smile in Reno from the book The
75:41:38Obstacle is the Way by Ryan Holiday.
75:41:43Heavyweight.
75:41:45Heavyweight.
75:41:47Heavyweight.
75:41:49Heavyweight.
75:41:52Heavyweight.
75:41:54Heavyweight.
75:41:56Heavyweight.
75:41:59Heavyweight.
75:42:01Heavyweight.
75:42:04Heavyweight.
75:42:07Reno, Nevada.
75:42:10The afternoon sun is fierce and around
75:42:1520,000 people are packed around a boxing
75:42:18ring.
75:42:32Almost all of them have come for one
75:42:34reason.
75:42:36They want to see the champion lose.
75:42:51No one word answer. I don't want you to
75:42:52give me like ah small answers. I want
75:42:54you to give me full sentences aloud and
75:42:57when you're going to hear and listen to
75:42:59the sentence, repeat it yourself. Okay,
75:43:02let's go.
75:43:04>> Was the afternoon sun
75:43:07fierce in Reno?
75:43:14Yes, the afternoon sun was fierce.
75:43:20Did the crowd want the champion to win
75:43:25or to lose?
75:43:31They wanted to see the championage lose.
75:43:36How many people were packed around the
75:43:39ring?
75:43:47Around
75:43:4820,000 people were packed around the
75:43:52ring.
75:43:54>> Now, back to the story.
75:43:57>> The champion is Jack Johnson, the first
75:44:01black man to hold the World Heavyweight
75:44:04title.
75:44:07Many Americans refuse to accept it.
75:44:22Called out of retirement to face him,
75:44:25Jim Jeff has never lost a fight.
75:44:31The crowd calls the former heavyweight
75:44:33champion their hope.
75:44:38>> [cheering]
75:44:49>> Okay, questions time.
75:44:52>> Was Jack Johnson the world heavyweight
75:44:56champion?
75:45:04Yes,
75:45:06he was the first black man to hold the
75:45:10world heavyweight title.
75:45:13Was Jeff called out of retirement
75:45:17or out of school?
75:45:23He was called out of retirement to face
75:45:27Johnson.
75:45:29called out of retirement.
75:45:32What record did Jeffre have?
75:45:38He had never lost a fight.
75:45:43>> Good job. Let's continue the story.
75:45:47>> The year is 1910
75:45:50and the hatred in the air is open.
75:45:55Nobody in the stands is trying to hide
75:45:58it.
75:46:02[cheering]
75:46:10Climbing into the ring, Johnson meets
75:46:14insults, threats, and cruel names aimed
75:46:18at the color of his skin.
75:46:33Spotlight now is on you. I want you to
75:46:36answer the questions by actually
75:46:39talking. Let's go.
75:46:41>> Was the hatred in the air hidden?
75:46:51>> No.
75:46:53The hatred in the air was open.
75:46:57Climbing into the ring, did Johnson meet
75:47:01cheers
75:47:03or threats.
75:47:12Climbing into the ring, he met insults,
75:47:16threats, and cruel names.
75:47:20What year was it?
75:47:27The year was
75:47:291910.
75:47:33>> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the
75:47:36story.
75:47:37>> Think about what that noise is meant to
75:47:40do.
75:47:43>> Every threat, every roar of hatred is
75:47:47meant to make him angry. afraid or
75:47:51careless.
75:48:04An angry fighter swings wildly.
75:48:08A frightened fighter freezes.
75:48:11[gasps and sighs]
75:48:13Either way, the crowd believes their man
75:48:16will win.
75:48:30speaking time. I don't want you to
75:48:32overthink it. Just open your mouth and
75:48:35just talk whatever you remember from the
75:48:37story.
75:48:39>> Was the noise meant to make him
75:48:42careless?
75:48:51Yes.
75:48:53Every threat was meant to make him
75:48:55angry, afraid, or careless.
75:48:59Does an angry fighter swing wildly
75:49:04or freeze?
75:49:10An angry fighter swings wildly.
75:49:15What does a frightened fighter do?
75:49:23A frightened fighter
75:49:26freezes
75:49:29>> now. Story's calling us. Let's continue.
75:49:32>> Leaning forward at ringside,
75:49:35reporters watch Johnson's face closely
75:49:39as the bell rings.
75:49:51Instead of fury, they see a grin.
75:49:56Johnson is relaxed, almost playful, as
75:50:00if he is enjoying a quiet afternoon.
75:50:16Awesome. Now it's speaking turn.
75:50:19>> Did the reporters see fury in his face?
75:50:30No.
75:50:32Instead of fury, they saw a grin.
75:50:37>> [clears throat]
75:50:38>> Leaning forward, did reporters watch his
75:50:41face or his feet.
75:50:51Leaning forward at ringside, they
75:50:54watched his face closely.
75:50:58How did Johnson look?
75:51:04He was relaxed. almost playful.
75:51:10>> Great job. Now, back to the story.
75:51:13>> Between punches, he talks.
75:51:17He jokes with Jeff.
75:51:20and he jokes with the men shouting at
75:51:22him from Jeffre's corner.
75:51:37When the crowd roars at him, he answers
75:51:41with a grin.
75:51:44Moving carefully, he wastes nothing.
75:51:48Here's
75:51:59where you do the talking. Go ahead and
75:52:03talk and build me full sentences.
75:52:06>> Did Johnson talk between punches?
75:52:16>> Yes.
75:52:18Between punches he talked and joked.
75:52:23When the crowd roared, did he answer
75:52:27with anger or with a grin?
75:52:36When the crowd roared at him, he
75:52:39answered with a grin.
75:52:42Moving carefully, what did he waste?
75:52:52Moving carefully, he wasted nothing.
75:52:57>> That was amazing. Now, let's continue
75:53:00and enjoy the story.
75:53:02>> Round after round, the older man grows
75:53:05heavier and slower.
75:53:09Johnson stays loose, [sighs]
75:53:12patient,
75:53:13and completely in control.
75:53:28The noise has not changed.
75:53:32What has changed is who it is hurting.
75:53:37Jeff is the one who looks tense now.
75:53:53>> Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and
75:53:55speak.
75:53:56>> Did the older man grow faster?
75:54:07No,
75:54:09the older man grew heavier
75:54:12and slower.
75:54:15Who looked tense now, Johnson or Jeff?
75:54:24Jeff was the one who looked tense. Now,
75:54:29what had changed?
75:54:36What had changed was who the noise was
75:54:40hurting.
75:54:42>> Now relax your voice and let's continue
75:54:45listening.
75:54:47>> In the 15th round, Johnson knocks Jeff
75:54:51down
75:54:53for the first time in his whole career.
75:55:06Knocked down again, Jeff cannot go on
75:55:10and his own team steps in to stop the
75:55:13fight.
75:55:15The champion is still [bell] the
75:55:17champion.
75:55:31Okay, voice is up. Now, here comes the
75:55:34questions.
75:55:37>> Was Jeff knocked down in the 15th round?
75:55:48Yes.
75:55:50In the 15th round, Johnson knocked him
75:55:53down for the first time.
75:55:58Knocked down again. Did Jeff go on or
75:56:02did his team stop the fight?
75:56:11Knocked down again, he could not go on
75:56:15and his team stopped the fight.
75:56:19Who was still the heavyweight champion?
75:56:28Johnson was still the heavyweight
75:56:32champion.
75:56:34See, English is already coming out of
75:56:37you. Now listen and let's continue.
75:56:41Ryan Holiday brings this fight into the
75:56:45obstacle is the way
75:56:49in a part about staying steady under
75:56:52pressure.
75:57:05His point is not that Johnson felt no
75:57:08fury.
75:57:10It is that he refused to hand his
75:57:13feelings over to a crowd.
75:57:29No pressure. Um, honestly, a little bit
75:57:32pressure. I want you to answer the
75:57:34questions in full sentences.
75:57:38>> Did Johnson hand his fury and feelings
75:57:42over to the crowd?
75:57:51No,
75:57:52he refused to hand his feelings over to
75:57:56a crowd.
75:57:59Is the part about staying steady or
75:58:02about getting angry?
75:58:09It is a part about staying steady under
75:58:13pressure.
75:58:16Which book brings this fight in?
75:58:24The obstacle is the way by Ryan Holiday.
75:58:31>> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep
75:58:33moving.
75:58:35>> The crowd controlled the noise.
75:58:39It could not control his face, his
75:58:42breathing, or his next decision.
75:58:59Most of us will never stand in a ring.
75:59:03Still, from school to retirement, we all
75:59:07meet crowds of a smaller kind.
75:59:22Now test yourself.
75:59:25Could the crowd control
75:59:28his face?
75:59:37No, it could not control his face, his
75:59:42breathing, or his next decision.
75:59:47Do we meet crowds only in a ring,
75:59:52or from school to retirement?
76:00:02From school to retirement, we all meet
76:00:05crowds of a smaller kind.
76:00:09What did the crowd control?
76:00:18The crowd controlled
76:00:21the noise.
76:00:25>> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen.
76:00:29A laugh when you mispronounce a word.
76:00:32[laughter]
76:00:33A teacher who sigh.
76:00:38A [sighs] voice inside that says you
76:00:40will never speak well.
76:00:55People can shout
76:00:57and you still choose your face.
76:01:02Anger or fear would only make you swing
76:01:06wildly
76:01:08and hand them the fight.
76:01:24Now the floor is yours. Let's go.
76:01:28>> Does the voice inside say you will
76:01:30speak? Well,
76:01:38no.
76:01:41It says you will never speak well.
76:01:45Would anger make you swing wildly
76:01:51or stay calm?
76:01:59Anger or fear would only make you swing
76:02:04wildly.
76:02:07What do you still choose
76:02:10when people shout?
76:02:16You still choose
76:02:19your face.
76:02:22>> Now, this is the last part. Let's bring
76:02:24it home.
76:02:26So, next time the noise starts,
76:02:29breathe, stay playful,
76:02:33smile if you can, and say your next
76:02:37sentence anyway.
76:02:51And picture that ring in Reno again.
76:02:56The fierce sun, the roaring stands,
76:03:01and one calm face that stayed in
76:03:05control.
76:03:20Here's the last questions. I want you to
76:03:23give them everything you've got.
76:03:26>> Should you stay playful when the noise
76:03:29starts?
76:03:38Yes.
76:03:40Breathe,
76:03:41stay playful,
76:03:43and say your next sentence anyway.
76:03:48Was the sun in Reno fierce
76:03:53or gentle?
76:03:58The sun in Reno was fierce.
76:04:04What should you do when the noise
76:04:06starts?
76:04:15Breathe.
76:04:16Smile if you can and say your next
76:04:21sentence anyway.
76:04:30The grammar we practice today.
76:04:34Participle clauses. Called out of
76:04:36retirement to face him. Jim Jeff has
76:04:40never lost a fight.
76:04:43Climbing into the ring, Johnson meets
76:04:46insults, threats, and cruel names aimed
76:04:49at the color of his skin.
76:04:53Leaning forward at ringside, reporters
76:04:56watch Johnson's face closely as the bell
76:04:58rings.
76:05:01Moving carefully, he wastes nothing.
76:05:08Congratulations.
76:05:13You practiced 470 words in this story
76:05:17and you learned a lot.
76:05:21>> That's amazing. If you notice something
76:05:35and you you're doing it at the same
76:05:36time. That's such a great
76:05:38accomplishment. And now let's take a
76:05:40quick break and listen to one of the
76:05:43real stories from one of my students
76:05:51English.
76:06:07Uhchech.
76:06:53Hello.
76:07:05>> [clears throat]
76:07:07>> Hello.
76:07:23Okay.
76:07:26for
76:07:56foreign.
76:08:15foreign.
76:09:10Hello. Hello.
76:09:16foreign.
76:09:47in this video.
76:09:54There you go.
76:10:17Mahchech.
76:10:36foreign
76:11:06Amen.
76:11:44Mhm.
76:12:05Maze.
76:12:22Alhamdulillah. for
76:12:53for
76:13:22Hello.
76:13:39Mhm.
76:13:46Y
76:14:03I'm sorry.
76:14:22Mhm.
76:14:27Alhamdulillah.
76:14:48Hello. Hello.
76:15:21feeling lazy.
76:15:30Let's check it out. for
76:15:34Mhm.
76:15:51foreign.
76:16:02ford
76:16:18English.
76:16:33was feeling lazy.
76:16:50for
76:17:36Yeah.
76:17:43Mhm.
76:17:54Mhm.
76:18:08So you know
76:18:20I'm sorry
76:18:26English
76:18:34foreign.
76:18:50Fantastic.
76:19:13Mhm.
76:19:31alhamdulillah.
76:19:37Yeah.
76:19:51for
76:20:30Mahchech.
76:20:51for
76:21:19Mhm. foreign.
76:21:50for
76:22:22Subhan Allah.
76:22:27No.
76:22:39Yeah.
76:23:13like
76:23:19you couldn't for
76:23:48you foreign.
76:24:01But anyways,
76:24:07rich dad, poor dad.
76:24:41Alhamdulillah.
76:24:46>> [laughter]
76:25:00>> Rich dad, poor dad.
76:25:06foreign
76:25:34speech. Foreign speech. Foreign speech.
76:25:57Dannychech.
76:25:59[snorts]
76:26:23Please.
76:26:49But that's that's the difference. And
76:26:51now let's jump into the story.
76:26:54The hamburger question.
76:26:56>> The hamburger question from the book
76:27:00Rich Dad Poor Dad by Robert Kiyosaki.
76:27:05Real estate.
76:27:07Lease.
76:27:09Drift.
76:27:12Expire.
76:27:14Go out of fashion.
76:27:17Certificate
76:27:20month after month.
76:27:23Setting
76:27:25asset.
76:27:27Menu.
76:27:30Look at the next McDonald's you pass.
76:27:34The golden arches.
76:27:36The bright menu.
76:27:39The smell of fries drifting from the
76:27:42door.
76:27:55Now answer one simple question.
76:27:59What business is that restaurant really
76:28:03in?
76:28:13Think before you answer.
76:28:17The obvious answer is right there on the
76:28:21tray.
76:28:32No one word answer. I don't want you to
76:28:34give me like ah small answers. I want
76:28:36you to give me full sentences aloud and
76:28:38when you're going to hear and listen to
76:28:40the sentence, repeat it yourself. Okay,
76:28:44let's go.
76:28:45Is there a bright menu at McDonald's?
76:28:57Yes,
76:28:58there are golden arches
76:29:01and a bright menu.
76:29:04Is the smell drifting from the door
76:29:08fries
76:29:10or coffee?
76:29:16It is the smell of fries drifting from
76:29:20the door.
76:29:22What simple question does the story ask?
76:29:31It asks what business that restaurant is
76:29:35really in.
76:29:38>> Great answers. Let's see what happens
76:29:41now.
76:29:42>> In 1974,
76:29:44the man who had turned McDonald's into a
76:29:47giant, Ray Croc, was invited to speak to
76:29:51business students in Texas.
76:30:05They were studying for an MBA, an
76:30:08advanced business degree. So they
76:30:11believed they knew how companies made
76:30:14money.
76:30:26All right, time to prove you're
76:30:28focusing. Let's jump into it.
76:30:31>> Was Ray Croc invited to speak to
76:30:34business students?
76:30:43Yes, he was invited to speak to business
76:30:47students in Texas. Were the students
76:30:51studying for an MBA
76:30:54or for a certificate?
76:31:02They were studying for an MBA, an
76:31:05advanced business degree.
76:31:09What did the students believe?
76:31:17They believed they knew how companies
76:31:21made money.
76:31:24>> Good job. Let's continue the story.
76:31:28>> After his talk, a group of students sat
76:31:31down with him in a more relaxed setting.
76:31:42Then he asked them the question I have
76:31:44just asked you.
76:31:47What business was he in?
76:32:00>> Okay, questions time.
76:32:03Did the students sit down with him in a
76:32:07relaxed setting?
76:32:14Yes.
76:32:16They sat down with him in a more relaxed
76:32:19setting.
76:32:21Did he ask them about burgers
76:32:25or about his business?
76:32:31He asked them what business he was in.
76:32:36When did the students sit down with him?
76:32:43They sat down with him after his talk.
76:32:49>> All right, let's see if you've guessed
76:32:50it right. Let's go to the next part of
76:32:52the story.
76:32:54>> The students laughed.
76:32:57The answer was so obvious that it
76:33:00[laughter] felt like a trick.
76:33:09Finally, one student said it out loud.
76:33:13Hamburgers.
76:33:16McDonald's was in the hamburger
76:33:18business. Of course.
76:33:33Okay, speaking time. Speak your mind.
76:33:37>> Did the students take the question
76:33:40seriously?
76:33:45No,
76:33:47the students laughed.
76:33:50Did the class answer together
76:33:54or did one student say it?
76:34:02Finally, one student said it out loud.
76:34:08What did the student say?
76:34:14The student said hamburgers.
76:34:20See, English is already coming out of
76:34:23you. Now listen and let's continue.
76:34:26>> He told them
76:34:29they were wrong.
76:34:32>> His business, he explained, was real
76:34:36estate,
76:34:38the land lying under his restaurants.
76:34:45Here
76:34:54is the missing clue.
76:34:58Burgers brought in cash every day, but
76:35:01the real asset was the ground
76:35:04underneath.
76:35:18Okay, let's pause for a second. Now I'm
76:35:21going to ask you questions. Now it's
76:35:22over to you to answer them.
76:35:25>> Was his business
76:35:28real estate?
76:35:34>> Yes, his business was real estate.
76:35:40Was the real asset the burgers
76:35:44or the ground underneath?
76:35:53The real asset was the ground
76:35:56underneath.
76:35:58What land was his business?
76:36:06It was the land lying under his
76:36:09restaurants.
76:36:11>> Okay, now listening mode.
76:36:14>> The company often bought or leased the
76:36:17land for a new restaurant, then rented
76:36:20it to the owner running it.
76:36:27Those
76:36:32owners paid rent month after month.
76:36:36Over the decades, many corners on which
76:36:40those restaurants stood became extremely
76:36:44valuable.
76:36:58Speaking time. Try answering with words
76:37:01you just heard. Go ahead.
76:37:05Did the company lease land for new
76:37:08restaurants?
76:37:16Yes.
76:37:17The company often bought or leased the
76:37:21land.
76:37:23Did the owners pay rent once
76:37:27or month after month?
76:37:33They paid rent month after month.
76:37:38Which corners became extremely valuable?
76:37:49Many corners on which those restaurants
76:37:52stood became extremely valuable.
76:37:56>> Now relax your voice and let's continue
76:37:59listening.
76:38:01>> Burgers could go out of fashion.
76:38:05The setting in which they were sold, a
76:38:08busy corner in a growing city, usually
76:38:12gained value.
76:38:26Robert Kiosaki tells this story in Rich
76:38:29Dad Poor Dad.
76:38:33A friend of his was one of the students
76:38:35sitting in that room.
76:38:50Speaking time, I don't want you to
76:38:52overthink it. Just open your mouth and
76:38:54just talk whatever you remember from the
76:38:57story.
76:38:58>> Could burgers go out of fashion?
76:39:07Yes,
76:39:10burgers could go out of fashion.
76:39:14Did the setting in which burgers were
76:39:16sold lose value
76:39:20or gain value?
76:39:28The setting in which they were sold
76:39:30usually gained value.
76:39:34Who was one of the students sitting in
76:39:37that room?
76:39:45A friend of Robert Kiyosaki was one of
76:39:48the students sitting in that room.
76:39:52>> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep
76:39:55moving.
76:39:56>> His point is sharp.
76:39:59Many people work hard inside a business
76:40:03without knowing what it really is.
76:40:15Nearly anyone would give that answer.
76:40:19We look at what is sold and our eyes
76:40:22drift past what is kept.
76:40:36Did that make sense? Now, let's check.
76:40:40>> Do many people know what their business
76:40:43really is?
76:40:52No.
76:40:54Many people work hard without knowing
76:40:57what it really is.
76:41:01Do our eyes drift past what is sold
76:41:06or what is kept?
76:41:14Our eyes drift past what is kept.
76:41:19What do we look at?
76:41:24We look at what is sold.
76:41:28>> Now back to the story.
76:41:31>> Know which business you are really in.
76:41:38>> The obvious answer is often not the one
76:41:41that builds wealth.
76:41:55Now turn the question on yourself.
76:42:00When you study English,
76:42:02which business are you in?
76:42:16Okay. Voices up. Now here comes the
76:42:20questions.
76:42:22>> Is the obvious answer always the one
76:42:25that builds wealth?
76:42:34No.
76:42:36The obvious answer is often not the one
76:42:40that builds wealth.
76:42:42Should you turn the question on others
76:42:46or on yourself?
76:42:53Turn the question on yourself.
76:42:57What should you know?
76:43:04Know which business you are really in.
76:43:10>> Here's on. Now let's come to the next
76:43:11part.
76:43:13>> The obvious answer is a score.
76:43:17a 6.5
76:43:19printed on a certificate that will
76:43:22expire
76:43:24or one more line on your CV.
76:43:40Scores matter, but they are the burger
76:43:43on the menu. People see them and they
76:43:48are quickly forgotten.
76:44:01Spotlight now is on you. I want you to
76:44:04answer the questions by actually
76:44:07talking. Let's go.
76:44:09>> Will the certificate
76:44:12expire?
76:44:20Yes,
76:44:22it is a certificate that will expire.
76:44:27Is a score the burger
76:44:31or the real estate?
76:44:38Scores are the burger on the menu.
76:44:43What is the obvious answer?
76:44:54The obvious answer is a score as 6.5
76:44:59printed on a certificate.
76:45:04>> Now story is calling us. Let's continue.
76:45:07The real estate is the skill underneath.
76:45:13It never goes out of fashion and it
76:45:17keeps working long after the certificate
76:45:20has expired.
76:45:33Every book you finish in English and
76:45:36every conversation you survive is
76:45:40another asset,
76:45:43a piece of land you own.
76:45:59Every sentence,
76:46:01speak it out loud. Okay, let's go.
76:46:04>> Does the skill go out of fashion?
76:46:13>> No, it never goes out of fashion.
76:46:18Does the skill stop working when the
76:46:22certificate expires
76:46:25or keep working?
76:46:33It keeps working long after the
76:46:36certificate has expired.
76:46:39What is every book you finish in
76:46:42English?
76:46:49It is another asset, a piece of land you
76:46:53own.
76:46:55>> And now the big finish.
76:46:59You do not lease this land. You own it
76:47:04and it pays you back month after month.
76:47:16So don't ask what score you need this
76:47:19month.
76:47:21Ask what you will still own in 10 years.
76:47:38last questions. Finish the story with
76:47:42the best answers possible.
76:47:45>> Do you lease this land?
76:47:54No, you do not lease this land. You own
76:47:58it.
76:48:00Should you ask about this month or about
76:48:0510 years from now?
76:48:14Ask what you will still own in 10 years.
76:48:20How often does the land pay you back?
76:48:28It pays you back month after month.
76:48:40The grammar we practice today reduced
76:48:43and prepositional relatives. His
76:48:46business, he explained, was real estate,
76:48:49the land lying under his restaurants.
76:48:54The company often bought or leased the
76:48:56land for a new restaurant, then rented
76:48:59it to the owner running it.
76:49:02Over the decades, many corners on which
76:49:05those restaurants stood became extremely
76:49:07valuable.
76:49:10The setting in which they were sold, a
76:49:13busy corner in a growing city, usually
76:49:16gained value.
76:49:24Congratulations.
76:49:25You practiced 462
76:49:28words in this story and you learned a
76:49:31lot.
76:49:33Honestly, well done.
76:49:40And uh this is the important thing. You
76:49:42you're you're improving your English.
76:49:44You're improving your mindset. And
76:49:46that's going to make you a undestroyable
76:49:50man or or like undestroyable guy. So
76:49:54that's amazing.
76:49:57Give and take.
76:50:18Let's jump into the story. The names he
76:50:20forgot.
76:50:22>> The names he forgot from the book Give
76:50:26and Take by Adam Grant.
76:50:30Vaccine,
76:50:32patents,
76:50:34applause,
76:50:37nerve,
76:50:39trial,
76:50:41organization
76:50:44along the way,
76:50:47develop
76:50:49polio,
76:50:52resentment.
76:50:55In the spring of 1955,
76:50:59the news millions of parents had waited
76:51:02for arrived.
76:51:05A vaccine against polio worked.
76:51:22For years, polio had paralyzed children
76:51:25every summer.
76:51:27Parents kept their children away from
76:51:30swimming pools in fear.
76:51:45No one word answer. I don't want you to
76:51:47give me like ah small answers. I want
76:51:49you to give me full sentences aloud and
76:51:52when you're going to hear and listen to
76:51:53the sentence, repeat it yourself. Okay,
76:51:57let's go.
76:51:58>> Did the vaccine against polio
76:52:03work?
76:52:10Yes,
76:52:12a vaccine against polio [gasps]
76:52:15worked.
76:52:17Did polio hurt children every summer
76:52:23or every winter?
76:52:30Polio had paralyzed children
76:52:33every summer.
76:52:35What did parents keep their children
76:52:38away from?
76:52:44They kept their children away from
76:52:48swimming pools.
76:52:51>> Now relax your voice and let's continue
76:52:54listening.
76:52:56>> The vaccine had been developed in a
76:52:58laboratory in Pittsburgh led by a young
76:53:01doctor named Jonas Sulk.
76:53:13A huge national trial had tested it on
76:53:17school children.
76:53:20On April 12th, the results were
76:53:23announced at the University of Michigan.
76:53:39Now test yourself.
76:53:41>> Was the vaccine developed in Pittsburgh?
76:53:52Yes. It was developed in a laboratory in
76:53:56Pittsburgh.
76:53:58Was the trial small
76:54:02or huge and national?
76:54:09It was a huge national trial.
76:54:14Where were the results announced?
76:54:22The results were announced
76:54:24at the University of Michigan.
76:54:29>> Great answers. Let's see what happens
76:54:31now.
76:54:33>> Reporters and cameras filled the hall.
76:54:37When Sork rose to speak to loud
76:54:41applause, the whole country seemed to
76:54:44listen.
76:54:57In his speech, he stopped to thank many
76:55:00people and organizations,
76:55:03including the foundation that had paid
76:55:05for the research.
76:55:09[applause]
76:55:17Let's turn those ears into voice.
76:55:21Did Sorc stop to thank organizations?
76:55:32Yes,
76:55:34he stopped to thank many people and
76:55:37organizations.
76:55:40Did he rise to speak to silence
76:55:45or to loud applause?
76:55:53He rose to speak to loud applause.
76:55:58Who had paid for the research?
76:56:04The foundation had paid for the
76:56:07research.
76:56:09Okay, now listening mode.
76:56:12>> In the audience sat the scientists from
76:56:15his own laboratory who had worked beside
76:56:18him for years.
76:56:28They had helped develop it along the way
76:56:31long before the trial.
76:56:34Now they waited for their names.
76:56:49>> Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and
76:56:51speak.
76:56:53>> Did the team help develop the vaccine?
76:57:03Yes,
76:57:05they had helped develop it along the
76:57:08way.
76:57:10Were the scientists on the stage
76:57:14or in the audience?
76:57:21They sat in the audience. [sighs]
76:57:25What were they waiting for?
76:57:32They were waiting
76:57:34for their names.
76:57:38>> Great job. Now, back to the story.
76:57:41>> Their names
76:57:43never came.
76:57:47He forgot to mention a single member of
76:57:51his own team.
76:58:05Julius Younger, one of his key
76:58:08scientists, was deeply hurt.
76:58:13For some of the team, the resentment
76:58:16lasted decades.
76:58:31All right, time to prove your focusing.
76:58:34Let's jump into it.
76:58:37>> Did Sorc remember to mention his team?
76:58:48No,
76:58:50he forgot to mention a single member of
76:58:54his own team.
76:58:57Did Julius Younger feel proud
76:59:01or deeply hurt?
76:59:08Julius Younger was deeply hurt.
76:59:13How long did the resentment last?
76:59:22For some of the team,
76:59:24the resentment lasted decades.
76:59:29>> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the
76:59:32story.
76:59:34>> Now comes the irony.
76:59:37That same day, a television journalist
76:59:41asked Sork who owned the patent on the
76:59:45vaccine.
76:59:58He answered that the people owned it and
77:00:02there was no patent.
77:00:05Then he asked, "Could you patent the
77:00:09sun?"
77:00:23>> Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to
77:00:25answer the questions?
77:00:27>> Did Sorc own a patent on the vaccine?
77:00:38No,
77:00:40he said the people owned it and there
77:00:44was no patent.
77:00:47Did a journalist ask about the patent or
77:00:51about the team?
77:00:58A television journalist asked who owned
77:01:02the patent.
77:01:04What did Sorc ask the journalist?
77:01:13He asked if you could patent the sun.
77:01:19>> Nice one. Let's continue.
77:01:22The man who gave his vaccine to the
77:01:25whole world had not given a few words to
77:01:29the people beside him.
77:01:42The team had not asked for money or
77:01:45fame.
77:01:47They had only wanted to be seen.
77:02:02Now it's yours. Go ahead and talk loudly
77:02:06as much as you can.
77:02:08Had the team asked for money?
77:02:19>> No.
77:02:21The team had not asked for money or
77:02:24fame.
77:02:26Did Sorc give his vaccine to the world
77:02:31or keep it?
77:02:38He gave his vaccine to the whole world.
77:02:44What had the team wanted?
77:02:50They had only wanted to be seen.
77:02:55>> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep
77:02:58moving.
77:02:59>> Why did he leave them out?
77:03:03Maybe it was nerves.
77:03:05Or maybe he believed the story was
77:03:08simply his.
77:03:10We cannot know.
77:03:24Whatever the reason, the damage was
77:03:26done.
77:03:28His colleagues never forgot sitting
77:03:31through that speech long after the crowd
77:03:35was forgotten.
77:03:39[applause]
77:03:50Great speaking time. Now, let's jump
77:03:53into the speaking time.
77:03:56>> Did his colleagues forget sitting
77:03:59through that speech?
77:04:08No.
77:04:10They never forgot sitting through that
77:04:13speech.
77:04:15Was the reason nerves
77:04:19or did he believe the story was his?
77:04:30Maybe it was nerves
77:04:33or maybe he believed the story was his.
77:04:38We cannot know
77:04:41what was done. Whatever the reason,
77:04:49whatever the reason, the damage was
77:04:52done.
77:04:55>> Now, back to the story.
77:04:58Adam Grant comes back to this moment in
77:05:01Give and Take as a warning about how
77:05:06quickly credit can turn into resentment.
77:05:22Great work is rarely done by one pair of
77:05:26hands.
77:05:27And people remember whose hands you
77:05:31forgot to mention.
77:05:45Let's see what stayed in your mind.
77:05:48Let's go.
77:05:50Can credit turn into resentment?
77:05:59Yes.
77:06:01Credit can quickly turn into resentment.
77:06:06Is great work done by one pair of hands
77:06:11or many?
77:06:17Great work is rarely done by one pair of
77:06:21hands.
77:06:23What do people remember?
77:06:31People remember whose hands you forgot
77:06:35to mention.
77:06:38>> Now story is calling us. Let's continue.
77:06:42Think about your own English.
77:06:45Somewhere along the way, a teacher
77:06:48explained a rule that finally made
77:06:51sense.
77:07:02A friend corrected your pronunciation
77:07:04without laughing.
77:07:07A colleague in your organization checked
77:07:10your email before your manager saw it.
77:07:27Okay, voice is up. Now, here comes the
77:07:30questions.
77:07:32Did a teacher explain a rule along the
77:07:36way?
77:07:45Yes.
77:07:48Somewhere along the way, a teacher
77:07:52explained a rule.
77:07:55Did your friend laugh or correct you
77:07:58kindly?
77:08:07A friend corrected your pronunciation
77:08:11without laughing.
77:08:14Who checked your email?
77:08:21A colleague in your organization checked
77:08:24your email.
77:08:28Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's
77:08:31keep it up and jump into the story.
77:08:34>> When you pass the test, those people are
77:08:39part of your score,
77:08:41even if their names are not on it.
77:08:54You do not need a stage, a microphone,
77:08:57or applause to thank them.
77:09:01Try sending a short message today.
77:09:16Speaking time, I don't want you to
77:09:18overthink it. Just open your mouth and
77:09:20just talk whatever you remember from the
77:09:23story.
77:09:24>> Do you need applause to thank them?
77:09:35No,
77:09:37you do not need a stage, a microphone,
77:09:41or applause.
77:09:44Should you try sending a message
77:09:48or wait for a stage?
77:09:55Try sending a short message today.
77:10:00When you pass the test,
77:10:02who is part of your score?
77:10:09Those people are part of your score.
77:10:14That's it. This is the last part of the
77:10:16story. Give it your best.
77:10:19>> Do not let nerves stop you.
77:10:23It costs almost nothing
77:10:26and it may be remembered for years
77:10:31like his silence.
77:10:44So keep one rule.
77:10:48Before you enjoy the applause,
77:10:51remember to say the names of the people
77:10:54who helped you.
77:11:08>> One final question, bro. You've done the
77:11:10whole thing. Now, let's do the final
77:11:12one.
77:11:13>> Should you let nerves stop you?
77:11:22No,
77:11:24do not let nerves stop you.
77:11:28Should you remember to say the names
77:11:30before
77:11:32or after the applause?
77:11:41Before you enjoy the applause, remember
77:11:44to say the names.
77:11:48How long may your message be remembered?
77:11:57It may be remembered for years
77:12:01like his silence.
77:12:10The grammar we practice today, verbs
77:12:13that change meaning. In his speech, he
77:12:16stopped to thank many people and
77:12:18organizations,
77:12:20including the foundation that had paid
77:12:21for the research.
77:12:25He forgot to mention a single member of
77:12:28his own team.
77:12:32His colleagues never forgot sitting
77:12:34through that speech, long after the
77:12:36crowd had forgotten it.
77:12:40Great work is rarely done by one pair of
77:12:44hands. And people remember whose hands
77:12:47you forgot to mention.
77:12:55Congratulations.
77:12:57You practiced 463
77:13:00words in this story and you learned a
77:13:02lot.
77:13:05>> See, that wasn't hard.
77:13:14This is amazing. Let's keep it up.
77:13:19Too great.
77:13:42Let's jump into the story, The Line in
77:13:44the Sand.
77:13:46>> The Line in the Sand from the book Good
77:13:50to Great by Jim Collins.
77:13:54Inherit,
77:13:57devoted,
77:13:59convenient,
77:14:01illustrate,
77:14:04line in the sand,
77:14:07one after another,
77:14:10hedgehog,
77:14:12drugstore,
77:14:15grandson,
77:14:18concept.
77:14:21The hardest thing to give up is not a
77:14:24bad business.
77:14:27It is a good one your family is proud
77:14:31of.
77:14:44For decades, many Walgreens drugstores
77:14:48had food counters. And later, the
77:14:51company ran its own family restaurants.
77:15:07No one word answer. I don't want you to
77:15:09give me like ah small answers. I want
77:15:11you to give me full sentences aloud and
77:15:13when you're going to hear and listen to
77:15:15the sentence, repeat it yourself. Okay,
77:15:18let's go. Is the hardest thing to give
77:15:22up a bad business?
77:15:32No.
77:15:34The hardest thing to give up is not a
77:15:37bad business.
77:15:39It is a good one.
77:15:42Did Walgreens drugstores have food
77:15:45counters or clothing counters?
77:15:53Many Walgreens drugstores had food
77:15:56counters.
77:15:59What did the company run later?
77:16:08Later the company ran its own family
77:16:12restaurants.
77:16:14>> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep
77:16:17moving.
77:16:19>> The food side had a proud history.
77:16:23A Walgreens employee is often credited
77:16:25with creating a famous malted milkshake
77:16:29in 1922.
77:16:44Cork War Green, the founder's grandson,
77:16:47had grown up with that history, and as
77:16:50head of the company, he inherited it.
77:16:58Here's
77:17:07where you do the talking. Go ahead and
77:17:10talk and build me full sentences.
77:17:13>> Was Cork Wall Green the founders's
77:17:17grandson?
77:17:25Yes.
77:17:27Cork War Green was the founders's
77:17:30grandson.
77:17:32Is the famous milkshake from 1922
77:17:37or from 1972?
77:17:46A Walgreens employee is often credited
77:17:50with creating it in 1922.
77:17:55What did he inherit
77:17:58as head of the company?
77:18:06As head of the company, he inherited
77:18:09that history.
77:18:13Great answers. Let's see what happens
77:18:15now.
77:18:17>> The restaurants were not a hobby.
77:18:21They were a real business with loyal
77:18:23customers and devoted managers.
77:18:37Yet his team had been asking one hard
77:18:40question.
77:18:42What could this company be the best in
77:18:46the world at?
77:19:00Okay, voice is up. Now, here comes the
77:19:03questions.
77:19:05>> Were the restaurants a hobby?
77:19:15No,
77:19:17the restaurants were not a hobby. They
77:19:20were a real business.
77:19:23Were the managers devoted
77:19:27or lazy?
77:19:34The managers were devoted
77:19:38and the customers were loyal.
77:19:42What hard question was his team asking?
77:19:53His team was asking what this company
77:19:56could be the best in the world at.
77:20:01>> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen.
77:20:05>> Slowly, the answer became clear.
77:20:09Convenient drugstores on the best
77:20:12corners.
77:20:14Easy to reach. Earning well from every
77:20:18customer visit.
77:20:32The answer pointed away from the
77:20:34restaurants, though nobody had said it
77:20:37out loud
77:20:39yet.
77:20:49>> Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to
77:20:51answer the questions?
77:20:53>> Did the answer point to convenient
77:20:57drugstores?
77:21:06Yes, the answer was convenient
77:21:10drugstores on the best corners.
77:21:15Did the answer point toward the
77:21:18restaurants
77:21:19or away from them?
77:21:27The answer pointed
77:21:30away from the restaurants.
77:21:34Where should the drugstores be?
77:21:44The drugstore should be on the best
77:21:47corners,
77:21:50easy to reach.
77:21:53Here's on. Now let's come to the next
77:21:55part.
77:21:56>> Put yourself in his place.
77:22:01The restaurants carry your family name
77:22:05and people you respect built careers
77:22:08there.
77:22:15Closing
77:22:21them would hurt people, you know.
77:22:26Most leaders would rather keep them
77:22:30because nobody would criticize that.
77:22:46>> Speaking time. Try answering with words
77:22:49you just heard. Go ahead. Would most
77:22:53leaders rather keep the restaurants?
77:23:03Yes.
77:23:04Most leaders would rather keep them.
77:23:08Would closing them hurt strangers
77:23:13or people you know?
77:23:19Closing them would hurt people, you
77:23:22know.
77:23:24Why would most leaders rather keep them?
77:23:34They would rather keep them because
77:23:37nobody would criticize that.
77:23:41>> All right, let's see if you've guessed
77:23:43it right. Let's go to the next part of
77:23:44the story.
77:23:46It would be easy to tell yourself that a
77:23:50devoted grandson had better protect what
77:23:53he inherited.
77:24:04He did not at a planning meeting. He
77:24:07drew a line in the sand.
77:24:18No pressure. Um, honestly, a little bit
77:24:21pressure. I want you to answer the
77:24:23questions in full sentences.
77:24:27>> Did he protect the restaurants he
77:24:29inherited?
77:24:38>> No, he did not.
77:24:41He drew a line in the sand.
77:24:46Did he draw a line in the sand at a
77:24:49planning meeting or at home?
77:24:58He drew a line in the sand at a planning
77:25:02meeting.
77:25:04What would it be easy to tell yourself?
77:25:14It would be easy to tell yourself that a
77:25:18devoted grandson had better protect what
77:25:21he inherited.
77:25:24>> Nice one. Let's continue.
77:25:28>> He told his team that they would be
77:25:31completely out of the restaurant
77:25:33business
77:25:35within 5 years.
77:25:47The restaurants were not failing, which
77:25:50made it harder to accept.
77:25:54He would rather be great at one thing
77:25:57than good at two.
77:26:13That's amazing. Now we want to speak
77:26:15what you have read and listened.
77:26:18>> Were the restaurants
77:26:21failing?
77:26:28No,
77:26:30the restaurants were not failing.
77:26:34Would he rather be great at one thing or
77:26:38good at two?
77:26:47He would rather be great at one thing
77:26:51than good at two.
77:26:55How long did he give the company to
77:26:59leave the restaurant business?
77:27:07He gave it 5 years to be completely out
77:27:11of the restaurant business.
77:27:14>> Now, Story's calling us. Let's continue.
77:27:17Over the next years, the company did
77:27:22exactly what he had said.
77:27:26The restaurants were sold or closed one
77:27:30after another.
77:27:44money, energy, and the best managers
77:27:48went into more convenient drugstores in
77:27:51better places.
77:27:54Everything else was a distraction,
77:27:57even a successful one.
77:28:13A quick check before we move on. I want
77:28:15you to answer these questions.
77:28:18>> Were the restaurants closed all at once?
77:28:30No,
77:28:32they were sold or closed one after
77:28:36another.
77:28:38Did the best managers go into drugstores
77:28:42or restaurants?
77:28:49The best managers went into more
77:28:52convenient drugstores.
77:28:55What was everything else?
77:29:06Everything else was a distraction,
77:29:10even a successful one.
77:29:14>> Okay, now listening mode.
77:29:20>> Strong years [laughter]
77:29:21came one after another.
77:29:25And Walgreens shares did far better than
77:29:29the stock market.
77:29:42Jim Collins tells this story in good to
77:29:46great to illustrate an idea he calls the
77:29:50hedgehog concept.
77:30:05Now test yourself.
77:30:07Did Walgreens shares do better than the
77:30:10stock market?
77:30:18Yes,
77:30:20War Green's shares did far better than
77:30:23the stock market.
77:30:25Did strong years come one after another
77:30:29or only once?
77:30:35Strong years came one after another.
77:30:41What idea does this story illustrate?
77:30:49It illustrates the hedgehog concept.
77:30:54>> That was amazing. Now, let's continue
77:30:57and enjoy the story.
77:31:00>> The concept borrows an old image. The
77:31:03hedgehog knows one big thing and does it
77:31:07well. While the clever fox chases
77:31:11everything.
77:31:25Saying no to a good thing can make room
77:31:28for a great one.
77:31:32That is harder than saying no to a bad
77:31:35thing.
77:31:49>> Okay, questions time. Let's jump into
77:31:51it.
77:31:53>> Does the hedgehog chase everything?
77:32:04No.
77:32:06The hedgehog knows one big thing and
77:32:11does it well.
77:32:13Is it harder to say no to a good thing
77:32:18or a bad thing?
77:32:24It is harder to say no to a good thing.
77:32:30Who chases everything in the concept?
77:32:39In the concept, the clever fox chases
77:32:44everything.
77:32:46>> Good job. Let's continue the story.
77:32:50Your own weak can illustrate it.
77:32:54It has restaurants too.
77:32:58Not bad habits,
77:33:00just good activities that take your best
77:33:03hours.
77:33:16Your restaurant may be a skill you
77:33:19enjoy.
77:33:21Perhaps you would rather read, and
77:33:23reading eats the hours your weak
77:33:27speaking needs.
77:33:41All right, time to prove your focusing.
77:33:45Let's jump into it.
77:33:47>> Does your week have restaurants, too?
77:33:56Yes.
77:33:58Your week has restaurants, too.
77:34:02Would you rather read or practice
77:34:06speaking?
77:34:12Perhaps you would rather read because it
77:34:15is a skill you enjoy.
77:34:19What does reading eat?
77:34:27Reading eats the hours your weak
77:34:31speaking needs.
77:34:34>> And now the big finish.
77:34:38Reading is not wrong.
77:34:41Still, if speaking is what will move
77:34:44your score,
77:34:46you had better give it the best corner
77:34:49of your day.
77:35:03Somewhere in your week there is a
77:35:06restaurant.
77:35:08Draw your line in the sand
77:35:13and give its hours to your drugstore.
77:35:29All right, final questions. I want you
77:35:32to answer full sentences and let's go.
77:35:36>> Is reading wrong?
77:35:43>> No,
77:35:45reading is not wrong.
77:35:48Had you better give speaking the best
77:35:50corner or the worst corner of your day?
77:36:01You had better give speaking the best
77:36:05corner of your day.
77:36:08Where should the restaurant's hours go?
77:36:16You should give its hours to your
77:36:19drugstore.
77:36:27The grammar we practice today would
77:36:30rather had better. Most leaders would
77:36:33rather keep them because nobody would
77:36:35criticize that.
77:36:39It would be easy to tell yourself that a
77:36:41devoted grandson had better protect what
77:36:44he inherited.
77:36:47He would rather be great at one thing
77:36:49than good at two.
77:36:53Perhaps you would rather read, and
77:36:56reading eats the hours your weak
77:36:58speaking needs.
77:37:06Congratulations.
77:37:08You practiced 469 words in this story
77:37:12and you learned a lot.
77:37:16>> Let's pause for a second.
77:37:20You finished another story
77:37:25and you learned a new lesson. You
77:37:28learned a new way of thinking. And
77:37:31that's amazing.
77:37:56What's the difference? Let's get into
77:37:57the story. One sip.
77:38:01>> One sip from the book Blink by Malcolm
77:38:05Gladwell.
77:38:07Precisely.
77:38:09Unthinkable.
77:38:12Prefer
77:38:14advert.
77:38:17Lose ground.
77:38:19Sip.
77:38:21Store away.
77:38:24Liquid.
77:38:26Slide.
77:38:29Sweetness.
77:38:32One sip.
77:38:35one winner
77:38:38and one of the most famous business
77:38:41mistakes
77:38:43ever made.
77:38:56In the early 1980s,
77:38:59CocaCola was still the biggest soft
77:39:02drink in America.
77:39:04Yet it was slowly losing ground.
77:39:20Its rival Pepsi set up tables in
77:39:24shopping centers and invited people to
77:39:27taste two unlabeled drinks.
77:39:42Now, we're going to hear a question. I
77:39:44want you to answer it loudly in full
77:39:49sentences. Okay, let's go.
77:39:52>> Was CocaCola losing ground
77:39:57in the early 1980s?
77:40:07Yes,
77:40:10CocaCola was slowly losing ground.
77:40:16Was CocaCola the biggest soft drink or
77:40:21the smallest?
77:40:28CocaCola was still the biggest soft
77:40:32drink in America.
77:40:35Where did Pepsi set up tables?
77:40:42Pepsi set up tables in shopping centers.
77:40:48Great answers. Let's see what happens
77:40:50now.
77:40:52>> In these blind tests, more people chose
77:40:56Pepsi.
77:40:58And the adverts showed their surprised
77:41:01faces again and again.
77:41:16The company's new chief, Roberto Goeta,
77:41:20was determined to stop the slide.
77:41:24A market leader was not supposed to lose
77:41:27ground.
77:41:41>> Did that make sense? Now, let's check.
77:41:45>> Was a market leader supposed to lose
77:41:48ground?
77:41:56No,
77:41:57a market leader was not supposed to lose
77:42:01ground.
77:42:03Did the adverts show happy faces or
77:42:08surprised faces?
77:42:16The advert showed their surprised faces
77:42:20again and again.
77:42:22What was the new chief determined to
77:42:25stop?
77:42:31He was determined to stop the slide.
77:42:36>> Now relax your voice and let's continue
77:42:39listening.
77:42:41Coca-Cola ran its own taste tests.
77:42:45Nearly 200,000
77:42:48of them with a new recipe that added
77:42:52sweetness.
77:43:05The results were clear.
77:43:09After one sip, people prefer the new
77:43:13recipe to both the old Coke and Pepsi.
77:43:31Now it's yours. Go ahead and talk loudly
77:43:35as much as you can.
77:43:37Did the new recipe add sweetness?
77:43:46Yes, the new recipe added sweetness.
77:43:51After one sip, did people prefer the new
77:43:55recipe or the old Coke?
77:44:03After one sip, people preferred the new
77:44:07recipe.
77:44:09How many taste tests did Coca-Cola run?
77:44:19CocaCola ran nearly 200,000
77:44:24taste tests.
77:44:27>> Great job. Now, back to the story.
77:44:30So, in April 1985,
77:44:33the company did what had once seemed
77:44:36unthinkable.
77:44:39It changed the formula and put the new
77:44:43taste in its adverts.
77:44:58The research had been careful, and
77:45:01customers were expected to be pleased.
77:45:05The new drink was supposed to end the
77:45:08slide for good.
77:45:22>> Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and
77:45:25speak.
77:45:26Were customers [clears throat]
77:45:28expected to be pleased?
77:45:37Yes, customers were expected to be
77:45:42pleased.
77:45:44Was the new drink supposed to end the
77:45:47slide or start it?
77:45:56The new drink was supposed to end the
77:45:59slide for good.
77:46:02What did the company do in April 1985?
77:46:15It changed the formula
77:46:18and put the new taste in its adverts.
77:46:25>> All right, let's see if you've guessed
77:46:26it right. Let's go to the next part of
77:46:28the story.
77:46:30>> They were not. Within weeks, angry
77:46:33letters and phone calls were arriving by
77:46:36the thousands.
77:46:39People
77:46:47stored away cases of the old drink,
77:46:50and some said a piece of their childhood
77:46:54had been taken.
77:47:07Spotlight now is on you. I want you to
77:47:09answer the questions by actually
77:47:12talking. Let's go.
77:47:15>> Were customers
77:47:17pleased?
77:47:25>> No, they were not.
77:47:29Angry letters and [clears throat] phone
77:47:31calls arrived by the thousands.
77:47:35Did people store away the old drink or
77:47:40the new drink?
77:47:46People stored away cases of the old
77:47:50drink.
77:47:52What did some people say had been taken?
77:48:02Some said a piece of their childhood had
77:48:07been taken.
77:48:09>> Nice one. Let's continue.
77:48:13>> Only 79 days after the change, the
77:48:17company did something even more
77:48:20unthankable.
77:48:22It brought the original Coke back.
77:48:38The news was so big that a national TV
77:48:42network interrupted a popular program to
77:48:45report it.
77:48:56Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to
77:48:57answer the questions?
77:49:00>> Did the company do something even
77:49:03[gasps] more unthinkable?
77:49:12Yes,
77:49:14it brought the original Coke back.
77:49:19Did it come back after 79 days
77:49:24or 7 years?
77:49:33It came back only 79 days after the
77:49:38change.
77:49:40What did a national TV network do?
77:49:51It interrupted a popular program to
77:49:55report the news.
77:49:58>> Here's on. Now let's come to the next
77:50:00part.
77:50:02>> So what had gone wrong?
77:50:06There is a famous answer and I think the
77:50:09real answer is more useful.
77:50:24The famous answer says that people loved
77:50:27the brand, not the taste.
77:50:32That is partly true.
77:50:45Okay, speaking time. Speak your mind.
77:50:49Does the famous answer say people loved
77:50:52the taste?
77:51:02No,
77:51:04it says people loved the brand, not the
77:51:08taste.
77:51:10Is the famous answer completely true or
77:51:14partly true?
77:51:21The famous answer is partly true.
77:51:27Which answer does the narrator think is
77:51:30more useful?
77:51:37The narrator thinks the real answer is
77:51:41more useful.
77:51:44>> Now back to the story.
77:51:47>> The deeper problem was the test itself.
77:51:52It was supposed to predict how people
77:51:55drink.
77:51:57Yet it measured only a single sip.
77:52:12In one sip, people prefer the sweeter
77:52:16drink.
77:52:17Across a whole can at home, that
77:52:20sweetness can become too much.
77:52:35speaking time. Try answering with words
77:52:38you just heard. Go ahead.
77:52:42>> Was the test supposed to predict how
77:52:45people drink?
77:52:52Yes, it was supposed to predict how
77:52:55people drink.
77:52:58Did the test measure a whole can or a
77:53:02single sip?
77:53:08It measured only a single sip.
77:53:12What can happen to sweetness across a
77:53:16whole can?
77:53:23across a whole can that sweetness can
77:53:26become too much.
77:53:30That was amazing. Now, let's continue
77:53:32and enjoy the story.
77:53:35>> People also drink the red can, the name
77:53:40and the memories,
77:53:42not only the liquid inside it.
77:53:55So the company had measured the liquid
77:53:58very precisely.
77:54:02It simply was not the thing that
77:54:05mattered.
77:54:10Awesome.
77:54:19Now it's speaking turn.
77:54:22Do people drink only the liquid?
77:54:33No.
77:54:34People also drink the red can, the name,
77:54:38and the memories.
77:54:41Did the company measure the liquid
77:54:44roughly or precisely?
77:54:52The company measured the liquid very
77:54:56precisely.
77:54:58What was the problem with what they
77:55:01measured?
77:55:06It simply was not the thing that
77:55:09mattered.
77:55:11>> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the
77:55:14story.
77:55:16>> That is the irony.
77:55:19One of the most carefully tested
77:55:21products of its time failed
77:55:25precisely because it passed the wrong
77:55:28test.
77:55:41Test the right thing or careful work can
77:55:46lead you confidently in the wrong
77:55:49direction.
77:56:01No pressure. Um, honestly, a little bit
77:56:04pressure. I want you to answer the
77:56:06questions in full sentences.
77:56:10>> Did the new Coke pass the wrong test?
77:56:21Yes,
77:56:23it failed precisely [laughter]
77:56:25because it passed the wrong test.
77:56:30Should you test the right thing or the
77:56:33easy thing?
77:56:39You should test the right thing.
77:56:44Where can careful work lead you?
77:56:54Careful work can lead you confidently in
77:56:57the wrong direction.
77:57:00>> Now story is calling us. Let's continue.
77:57:04>> Learners fall into the same trap.
77:57:08We run SIP tests on our English all the
77:57:12time.
77:57:21We score perfectly in an app lesson or
77:57:25store away flashcard words and recognize
77:57:28them all.
77:57:30We feel ready.
77:57:37Here's
77:57:45where you do the talking. Go ahead and
77:57:48talk and build me full sentences.
77:57:52>> Do learners run SIP tests on their
77:57:55English?
77:58:02Yes, we run SIP tests on our English all
77:58:07the time.
77:58:10Do we store away flashcard words or
77:58:14throw them away?
77:58:22We store away flashcard words and
77:58:25recognize them all.
77:58:28How do we feel after a perfect app
77:58:32lesson?
77:58:38We feel ready.
77:58:42>> And now the big finish.
77:58:46Then a real conversation arrives fast
77:58:51and messy
77:58:53and you are expected to keep going far
77:58:56beyond a sip.
77:59:10So before you trust your next result,
77:59:13ask one question.
77:59:17Was that a sip or was it the whole can?
77:59:36Last questions. Finish the story with
77:59:40the best answers possible.
77:59:43Are you expected to stop after a sip?
77:59:53No, you are expected to keep going far
77:59:58beyond a sip.
78:00:01Is a real conversation slow and neat or
78:00:06fast and messy?
78:00:14A real conversation is fast and messy.
78:00:19What question should you ask before you
78:00:22trust a result?
78:00:31Ask, "Was that a sip or was it the whole
78:00:37can?
78:00:45The grammar we practiced today be
78:00:48supposed to be expected to. A market
78:00:52leader was not supposed to lose ground.
78:00:57The research had been careful and
78:00:59customers were expected to be pleased.
78:01:04The new drink was supposed to end the
78:01:06slide for good.
78:01:09It was supposed to predict how people
78:01:12drink, yet it measured only a single
78:01:15sip.
78:01:23Congratulations.
78:01:24You practiced 469
78:01:27words in this story and you learned a
78:01:30lot.
78:01:32>> Amazing. So you have listened, you
78:01:35understood and you spoke
78:01:43and that's how you learn.
78:01:46The art of learning
78:02:16Oh my god.
78:02:26Let's get started with the story. The
78:02:29unfair ring.
78:02:32The unfair ring from the book The Art of
78:02:35Learning by Josh Weightskin.
78:02:40Referee
78:02:42injustice.
78:02:45Decisive.
78:02:47Illegal.
78:02:49Look the other way.
78:02:52Unclear.
78:02:55Give the game away.
78:02:58bend
78:03:00cleanly
78:03:02solid.
78:03:05A young fighter stands on a small square
78:03:09of floor.
78:03:11The crowd is loud
78:03:15and the referee seems to be looking
78:03:18somewhere else.
78:03:32The year is 2004.
78:03:35The place is Taiwan.
78:03:37And the fighter is Josh Weightskin,
78:03:41a chess champion when he was a boy.
78:03:58Now, we're going to hear a question. I
78:04:00want you to answer it loudly in full
78:04:04sentences. Okay, let's go.
78:04:08>> Is the referee looking at the fighters?
78:04:19No,
78:04:21the referee seems to be looking
78:04:25somewhere else.
78:04:27Is the crowd quiet
78:04:31or loud?
78:04:37The crowd is loud.
78:04:41Where does the fight take place?
78:04:51The place is Taiwan
78:04:54and the year is 2004.
78:04:59>> Now story is calling us. Let's continue.
78:05:03He wants a world title in Tai Chi push
78:05:07hands
78:05:09where each fighter tries to unbalance
78:05:12the other and push him out.
78:05:26He has trained for years for this
78:05:28moment.
78:05:31This time however [sighs]
78:05:33the danger does not come only from his
78:05:36opponents.
78:05:50Now the table's turn. I'm going to ask
78:05:53you questions. You're going to do the
78:05:55talking. Let's go.
78:05:57Has he trained for years?
78:06:07Yes,
78:06:08he has trained for years for this
78:06:11moment.
78:06:13Does he want a world title in chess
78:06:17or in Tai Chi push hands?
78:06:26He wants a world title in Tai Chi push
78:06:30hands.
78:06:32What does each fighter try to do?
78:06:42Each fighter tries to unbalance the
78:06:46other and push him out.
78:06:50>> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the
78:06:53story.
78:06:54>> The rules seem to bend.
78:06:59Some decisions go against him and the
78:07:02reasons for them stay unclear.
78:07:17Some opponents use illegal moves.
78:07:21And again the referees look the other
78:07:25way.
78:07:36>> Awesome. Now it's speaking turn.
78:07:39Do the rules seem to bend?
78:07:48Yes.
78:07:50The rules seem to bend.
78:07:54Are the reasons for the decisions clear
78:07:58or unclear?
78:08:05The reasons for them stay unclear.
78:08:10What do the referees do when opponents
78:08:13use illegal moves?
78:08:20The referees look the other way.
78:08:24>> Here's Odd. Now, let's come to the next
78:08:26part.
78:08:28>> The crowd cheers for the local fighters.
78:08:33When he wins a point [cheering] cleanly,
78:08:36it sometimes seems to count for less.
78:08:52What would you do if you had prepared
78:08:55for years
78:08:57and the ground under your feet suddenly
78:09:00stopped being fair?
78:09:15every sentence.
78:09:17Speak it out loud. Okay, let's go.
78:09:21>> Does the crowd cheer
78:09:23for him?
78:09:30>> No.
78:09:32The crowd cheers for the local fighters.
78:09:37When he wins a point cleanly, does it
78:09:40count for more or for less?
78:09:48It sometimes seems to count for less.
78:09:54What suddenly stopped being fair?
78:10:03The ground under your feet suddenly
78:10:06stopped being fair.
78:10:10>> Great answers. Let's see what happens
78:10:12now.
78:10:14>> Most fighters in this position do one of
78:10:17two things.
78:10:20They lose their temper
78:10:24or they lose hope.
78:10:38An angry fighter makes careless mistakes
78:10:43whereas a fighter without hope stops
78:10:47looking for chances.
78:10:51Either way, the match is already lost.
78:11:08Okay, speaking time. Speak your mind.
78:11:12>> Does an angry fighter make careless
78:11:15mistakes?
78:11:22Yes, an angry fighter makes careless
78:11:26mistakes.
78:11:29Does a fighter without hope make
78:11:31mistakes
78:11:33or stop looking for chances?
78:11:43An angry fighter makes careless mistakes
78:11:48whereas a fighter without hope stops
78:11:52looking for chances.
78:11:55What two things do most fighters do?
78:12:06They lose their temper
78:12:09or they lose hope.
78:12:13>> Now relax your voice and let's continue
78:12:16listening.
78:12:17>> He does neither.
78:12:20Instead of fighting the referees, he
78:12:23turns his attention back to the only
78:12:25thing he can control,
78:12:29the next exchange.
78:12:43He stops arguing in his head about why
78:12:46the referees look the other way and
78:12:50thinks only about his next move.
78:13:04Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and
78:13:07speak.
78:13:08Does he fight the referees?
78:13:18No.
78:13:20Instead of fighting the referees, he
78:13:23turns his attention to the next
78:13:25exchange.
78:13:28Does he think about the recareries
78:13:31or about his next move?
78:13:39He thinks only about his next move.
78:13:44What does he stop arguing about in his
78:13:48head?
78:13:57He stops arguing about why the referees
78:14:01look the other way.
78:14:05>> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen.
78:14:09>> If the rules bend against him, his
78:14:13technique must be so clear that nobody
78:14:16can argue with it.
78:14:28So he adjusts.
78:14:31He moves more cleanly. His pushes become
78:14:36more decisive.
78:14:38And his balance grows even more solid.
78:14:54No, the floor is yours. Let's go.
78:14:58>> Does he move more cleanly?
78:15:07>> Yes,
78:15:08he moves more cleanly.
78:15:13Do his pushes become weaker or more
78:15:18decisive?
78:15:24His pushes become more decisive.
78:15:29What happens to his balance?
78:15:34His
78:15:38balance grows even more solid.
78:15:44>> Good job. Let's continue the story.
78:15:48>> Despite illegal moves against him, he
78:15:52keeps his head
78:15:54and match after match he keeps winning.
78:16:01>> [cheering]
78:16:10>> By the end, in spite of a hall that was
78:16:13cheering for someone else,
78:16:16he has won the world title.
78:16:30Speaking time. Try answering with words
78:16:34you just heard. Go ahead.
78:16:37>> Does he keep meaning despite illegal
78:16:41moves?
78:16:50>> Yes.
78:16:51Despite illegal moves against him, he
78:16:56keeps winning.
78:16:59Does he lose his head or keep his head?
78:17:09He keeps his head. Match after match.
78:17:15What has he won in spite of the hall?
78:17:27In spite of a hall that was cheering for
78:17:30someone else, he has won the world
78:17:35title.
78:17:37>> Okay, now listening mode.
78:17:41>> Years later, in the art of learning, he
78:17:44described that tournament as a test of
78:17:48the mind even more than the body.
78:18:02The injustice never disappeared.
78:18:07What changed the result was the way he
78:18:11chose to respond to it.
78:18:26Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to
78:18:28answer the questions?
78:18:30>> Did the injustice
78:18:33disappear?
78:18:41No.
78:18:43The injustice never disappeared.
78:18:47Was the tournament a test of the body or
78:18:51of the mind?
78:18:59It was a test of the mind
78:19:02even more than the body.
78:19:06What changed the result?
78:19:15What changed the result was the way he
78:19:19chose to respond.
78:19:23>> Nice one. Let's continue.
78:19:27>> His chess years had taught him that a
78:19:29player who panics gives the game away.
78:19:41Staying calm did not mean accepting
78:19:44injustice.
78:19:46It meant staying strong enough to win
78:19:50despite it.
78:20:03Spotlight now is on you. I want you to
78:20:05answer the questions by actually
78:20:08talking. Let's go.
78:20:10Does a player who panics give the game
78:20:14away?
78:20:21Yes.
78:20:23A player who panics gives the game away.
78:20:28Did he win because of the conditions
78:20:31or despite them?
78:20:38He stayed strong enough to win despite
78:20:41them.
78:20:43What did staying calm not mean?
78:20:53Staying calm did not mean accepting
78:20:56injustice.
78:20:59>> See, English is already coming out of
78:21:02you. Now listen and let's continue.
78:21:06Your English exam may feel unfair too.
78:21:11The recording is unclear. The examiner
78:21:14seems cold or the room is noisy.
78:21:29Despite all that, you choose where your
78:21:33energy goes.
78:21:35into anger at the conditions
78:21:38or into the very next answer.
78:21:54Let's turn those ears into voice.
78:21:58>> Is the recording in your exam always
78:22:01clear?
78:22:08No.
78:22:10Sometimes the recording is unclear.
78:22:15Does your energy go into anger or into
78:22:19the next answer?
78:22:27Despite all that, you choose where your
78:22:31energy goes.
78:22:34What may make your exam [snorts] feel
78:22:37unfair.
78:22:45The recording is unclear.
78:22:48The examiner seems cold or the room is
78:22:52noisy.
78:22:54Now this is the final part. I want you
78:22:56to focus and jump into it.
78:22:59>> The unfair moment does not give the game
78:23:03away.
78:23:05It is part of the exam.
78:23:08The part that measures your calm.
78:23:24Next time something goes wrong in a
78:23:27test, take one slow breath and give the
78:23:32next question one solid, decisive
78:23:36answer. Here's
78:23:51the last questions. I want you to give
78:23:53them everything you've got.
78:23:56>> Does the unfair moment give the game
78:24:00away?
78:24:07No,
78:24:09the unfair moment does not give the game
78:24:12away.
78:24:14Should your next answer be weak or
78:24:18solid?
78:24:25Give the next question one solid,
78:24:28decisive answer.
78:24:31What should you take when something goes
78:24:34wrong?
78:24:40Take one slow breath.
78:24:51The grammar we practice today. Despite,
78:24:55in spite of, whereas an angry fighter
78:24:59makes careless mistakes, whereas a
78:25:02fighter without hope stops looking for
78:25:04chances.
78:25:08Despite illegal moves against him, he
78:25:10keeps his head and match after match he
78:25:14keeps winning.
78:25:17By the end, in spite of a hall that was
78:25:19cheering for someone else, he has won
78:25:22the world title.
78:25:25It meant staying strong enough to win
78:25:28despite it.
78:25:36Congratulations.
78:25:38You practiced 466 words in this story
78:25:42and you learned a lot.
78:25:45Okay.
78:25:54So if you think about it, you're
78:25:57learning
78:25:58very key lessons that are going to
78:26:01improve your your your whole mindset.
78:26:05That's amazing.
78:26:17>> [laughter]
78:26:22>> Uh, I want you to listen to what
78:26:23happened. Uh, let's go.
78:26:59Alhamdulillah.
78:27:15forchech.
78:27:45forchech.
78:28:23Alhamdulillah.
78:28:32Alhamdulillah.
78:28:38Fore.
78:29:06Awesome.
78:29:29If it's something amazing, it's
78:29:30something totally crazy.
78:29:40hard things about hard things.
78:29:47Um,
78:30:02Wow, that's amazing. Let's get started
78:30:04with the story, The Part Worth Saving.
78:30:08>> The Part Worth Saving from the book The
78:30:13Hard Thing About Hard Things by Ben
78:30:16Hollowitz.
78:30:18Deepen,
78:30:20depend on,
78:30:23spread,
78:30:25go broke,
78:30:28shut down,
78:30:30cut costs,
78:30:33[clears throat]
78:30:34builder,
78:30:36cut off,
78:30:38salvage,
78:30:41raise money.
78:30:44No new customers.
78:30:48Old customers
78:30:50going broke.
78:30:53A share price of 35.
78:31:09That was the picture for LoudCloud,
78:31:12a young company that ran websites for
78:31:15other businesses. As the do crash
78:31:20deepened,
78:31:34no one word answer. I don't want you to
78:31:36give me like ah small answers. I want
78:31:37you to give me full sentences aloud and
78:31:40when you're going to hear and listen to
78:31:42the sentence, repeat it yourself. Okay,
78:31:45let's go.
78:31:47Were old customers
78:31:50going broke?
78:31:58Yes,
78:32:00old customers were going broke.
78:32:04Was the share price $35
78:32:08or
78:32:1035?
78:32:17The share price was 35.
78:32:22What deepened?
78:32:29The do crash deepened.
78:32:35So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen.
78:32:39>> Only a year earlier, it had raised money
78:32:41on the stock market.
78:32:44Now the crash was eating its customers
78:32:48alive.
78:33:01Every few weeks another client shut down
78:33:05or stopped paying.
78:33:08The losses were so frequent that the
78:33:11trouble deepened every month.
78:33:28Okay, questions time. Had the company
78:33:32raised money a year earlier?
78:33:43Yes. Only a year earlier it had raised
78:33:47money on the stock market.
78:33:51Were the losses rare or so frequent that
78:33:56the trouble deepened?
78:34:04The losses were so frequent that the
78:34:07trouble deepened every month.
78:34:11What did clients do every few weeks?
78:34:22Another client shut down or stopped
78:34:25paying.
78:34:28Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the
78:34:31story.
78:34:32>> Its leader, Ben Horowitz, had helped
78:34:35build the company from nothing, and
78:34:38hundreds of people depended on his next
78:34:41move.
78:34:52There was one bright spot
78:34:56to run all those websites. His engineers
78:34:59had written their own software to
78:35:02automate the work.
78:35:17>> Now test yourself.
78:35:20>> Did hundreds of people depend on his
78:35:23next move?
78:35:32Yes.
78:35:33Hundreds of people depended on his next
78:35:37move.
78:35:39Did his engineers buy software or write
78:35:44their own?
78:35:51His engineers had written their own
78:35:54software.
78:35:57What did the software do?
78:36:06The software automated the work of
78:36:09running all those websites.
78:36:13>> Great job. Now, back to the story.
78:36:17>> It was powerful. Yet it was so hidden
78:36:20inside the service business that no
78:36:23customer ever saw it.
78:36:35Now imagine you are in his seat.
78:36:40The main business is dying.
78:36:44Nobody will help you raise money. And
78:36:47investors have lost faith.
78:37:03Now the table's turn. I'm going to ask
78:37:06you questions. You're going to do the
78:37:07talking. Let's go.
78:37:09>> Did customers ever see the software?
78:37:20No,
78:37:22it was so hidden inside the service
78:37:26business that no customer ever saw it.
78:37:31Will investors help you raise money
78:37:36or have they lost faith?
78:37:44Nobody will help you raise money and
78:37:48investors have lost faith.
78:37:52Where was the software hidden?
78:38:00It was hidden inside the service
78:38:03business.
78:38:06>> Now back to the story.
78:38:08You could cut costs and hope the storm
78:38:12passes
78:38:14or sell the whole company for whatever
78:38:18someone offers.
78:38:32Or you could do something that feels
78:38:35like cutting off your own arm.
78:38:41Which would you choose?
78:38:55>> Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to
78:38:56answer the questions.
78:38:58Could you cut costs and hope the storm
78:39:02passes?
78:39:10Yes,
78:39:12you could cut costs and hope the storm
78:39:15passes.
78:39:18Does the third option feel easy
78:39:21or like cutting off your own arm?
78:39:29It feels like cutting off your own arm.
78:39:34What else could you sell?
78:39:43You could sell the whole company for
78:39:46whatever someone offers.
78:39:50>> Okay, now listening mode.
78:39:53He chose the painful third option
78:39:58because cutting costs alone could not
78:40:01salvage anything.
78:40:14He would sell the service business,
78:40:17the very thing Loud Cloud had been built
78:40:20to do.
78:40:31Speaking time. Try answering with words
78:40:35you just heard. Go ahead.
78:40:38>> Could cutting costs alone salvage the
78:40:42company?
78:40:49No.
78:40:52Cutting costs alone could not salvage
78:40:55anything.
78:40:57Did he sell the software or the service
78:41:00business?
78:41:05He sold the service business.
78:41:10Which option did he choose?
78:41:17He chose the painful third option.
78:41:23>> Good job. Let's continue the story.
78:41:27>> In the summer of 2002,
78:41:30the services giant EDS agreed to buy it
78:41:35for $63.5
78:41:38million.
78:41:52Nothing would simply shut down.
78:41:55Many employees and almost all the
78:41:58customers would move to the buyer.
78:42:11Now it's yours. Go ahead and talk loudly
78:42:15as much as you can.
78:42:18>> Did the service business shut down?
78:42:27>> No. Nothing would simply shut down.
78:42:33Did EDS agree to buy it in 2002
78:42:38or 2012?
78:42:47EDS agreed to buy it in the summer of
78:42:512002.
78:42:53Where would the customers go?
78:43:01Almost all the customers would move to
78:43:05the buyer.
78:43:08>> Nice one. Let's continue.
78:43:12>> What remained looked small. The
78:43:15software, a group of engineers,
78:43:18and a new name.
78:43:21Opswear.
78:43:33The deal was such a shock that people
78:43:36thought he had given the company away.
78:43:41In a sense, he had
78:43:58what stayed in your mind. Let's go.
78:44:01Did what remained look big?
78:44:11No.
78:44:13What remained looked
78:44:15small.
78:44:17Was the deal a small surprise or a big
78:44:22shock?
78:44:31The deal was such a shock that people
78:44:34thought he had given the company away.
78:44:39What was the new name?
78:44:45The new name was Opswear.
78:44:51>> Here's on. Now let's come to the next
78:44:53part.
78:44:54He had kept the one part that could
78:44:57still win.
78:45:00Opswear sold its software to companies
78:45:03running huge computer systems.
78:45:19The road was so hard that for years the
78:45:23new company fought for every customer
78:45:27and could still go broke.
78:45:40Now the floor is yours. Let's go. Could
78:45:44the new company still go broke?
78:45:53Yes.
78:45:55For years it could still go broke.
78:46:00Was the road easy or hard?
78:46:11The road was so hard that the new
78:46:14company fought for every customer.
78:46:18Who did Opswear sell its software too?
78:46:29Opswear sold its software to companies
78:46:32running huge computer systems.
78:46:38All right, let's see if you've guessed
78:46:39it right. Let's go to the next part of
78:46:41the story.
78:46:43>> Then in 2007,
78:46:46Shullet Packard bought Opswear for about
78:46:50$1.6
78:46:51billion.
78:47:05The piece he had salvaged proved so
78:47:09valuable that it was worth far more than
78:47:12the business he sold.
78:47:26Okay, let's pause for a second. Now I'm
78:47:28going to ask you questions. Now it's
78:47:29over to you to answer them.
78:47:32>> Did Huelet Packard buy opswear?
78:47:44>> Yes.
78:47:46Hulet Packard bought Opswear in 2007.
78:47:52Was the piece he salvaged worth more or
78:47:56less than the business he sold?
78:48:06The piece he had salvaged proved so
78:48:10valuable that it was worth far more.
78:48:14How much did Hulet Packard pay?
78:48:24It paid about $1.6
78:48:27billion.
78:48:30>> Now relax your voice and let's continue
78:48:33listening.
78:48:35>> Sometimes you must sell most of what you
78:48:38built to save the part that can win.
78:48:50It is one of the hardest calls a builder
78:48:53can make because every part of the
78:48:56company once felt like the future.
78:49:10>> Awesome. Now it's speaking turn.
78:49:13Is this an easy call for a builder?
78:49:24No.
78:49:26It is one of the hardest calls a builder
78:49:29can make.
78:49:31Must you sometimes sell most or keep
78:49:36everything?
78:49:44Sometimes you must sell most of what you
78:49:47built to save the part that can win.
78:49:52Why is it so hard?
78:50:02Every part of the company once felt like
78:50:06the future.
78:50:09Great answers. Let's see what happens
78:50:11now.
78:50:13>> English can look the same. Apps,
78:50:17courses, and notebooks spread across
78:50:20your phone and desk all half used.
78:50:36Keeping them all feels safe.
78:50:40In fact, it spreads your energy so thin
78:50:44that nothing grows.
78:50:57Spotlight now is on you. I want you to
78:51:00answer the questions by actually
78:51:03talking. Let's go.
78:51:05Are your apps and courses fully used?
78:51:16No,
78:51:18they are spread across your phone and
78:51:21desk all half used.
78:51:26Does keeping them all feel safe or
78:51:29risky?
78:51:34Keeping them all feels safe.
78:51:39What happens when you keep them all?
78:51:49It spreads your energy so thin that
78:51:53nothing grows.
78:51:56>> Now this is the final part. I want you
78:51:58to focus and jump into it.
78:52:01Which single method has actually moved
78:52:05your English forward this year?
78:52:09That is the one you can depend on.
78:52:26Keep that one and cut off the rest.
78:52:32A good builder protects the part that
78:52:34can win, even when it looks small.
78:52:52>> One final question, bro. You've done the
78:52:54whole thing. Now, let's do the final
78:52:56one.
78:52:57Should you keep every method?
78:53:06No.
78:53:08Keep that one and cut off the rest.
78:53:13Should you depend on many methods or on
78:53:17one?
78:53:24Keep the one method you can depend on.
78:53:30What does a good builder protect?
78:53:39A good builder protects
78:53:42the part that can win.
78:53:53The grammar we practice today, so that
78:53:57such that. The losses were so frequent
78:54:01that the trouble deepened every month.
78:54:06It was powerful, yet it was so hidden
78:54:08inside the service business that no
78:54:10customer ever saw it.
78:54:14The deal was such a shock that people
78:54:16thought he had given the company away.
78:54:21The road was so hard that for years the
78:54:24new company fought for every customer
78:54:26and could still go broke.
78:54:35Congratulations.
78:54:36You practiced 477
78:54:39words in this story and you learned a
78:54:42lot.
78:54:44>> Awesome. A full story in English.
78:54:53That's a huge huge achievement.
78:55:00Great job.
78:55:21Let's jump into the story. The features
78:55:24nobody needed.
78:55:26>> The feature nobody needed from the book
78:55:30The Lean Startup by Eric Ree.
78:55:34Feature
78:55:37registration
78:55:39visible
78:55:41barely.
78:55:43Best practice
78:55:47control group
78:55:50entirely,
78:55:52group by group,
78:55:55metric.
78:55:57Certainly
78:56:00picture a chart.
78:56:04Every month the line goes up. More
78:56:07students, more signups, more hours spent
78:56:11studying online.
78:56:25If this were your company, you would
78:56:28feel proud.
78:56:31The team had certainly worked hard.
78:56:45No one word answer. I don't want you to
78:56:46give me like ah small answers. I want
78:56:48you to give me full sentences aloud. And
78:56:51when you're going to hear and listen to
78:56:53the sentence, repeat it yourself. Okay,
78:56:56let's go.
78:56:58Does the line on the chart go up?
78:57:08Yes.
78:57:10Every month the line goes up.
78:57:15Had the team worked hard or lazily?
78:57:24The team had certainly worked hard.
78:57:29What goes up every month?
78:57:39Students,
78:57:41signups,
78:57:43and hours spent [snorts] studying online
78:57:46all go up.
78:57:50>> Now, back to the story.
78:57:53The company was Grocket and its founder
78:57:56Farbud Nivei had spent years teaching
78:58:00students for big test prep companies.
78:58:13He believed students learn best from
78:58:16each other. So Grocket let them prepare
78:58:19for their exams together online.
78:58:33Great speaking time. Now let's jump into
78:58:37the speaking time.
78:58:40>> Did Far Nivi teach students for test
78:58:44prep companies?
78:58:53Yes,
78:58:55he had spent years teaching students for
78:58:58big test prep companies.
78:59:01Did he believe students learn best alone
78:59:06or from each other?
78:59:13He believes students learn best from
78:59:15each other.
78:59:18What did Grocket let students do?
78:59:27Grockett let them prepare for their
78:59:29exams together online.
78:59:34>> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's
78:59:38keep it up and jump into the story.
78:59:41>> His team built software the modern way,
78:59:45releasing new features every few weeks
78:59:49and listening closely to users.
79:00:03By every visible sign, the product was
79:00:07improving.
79:00:10Yet what nobody could say was whether
79:00:14the new features were helping.
79:00:29Let's see what stayed in your mind.
79:00:32Let's go.
79:00:34>> Did the team release new features every
79:00:37few weeks?
79:00:44Yes,
79:00:46they released new features every few
79:00:49weeks.
79:00:51Was the product improving by visible
79:00:55signs
79:00:56or hidden signs?
79:01:04By every visible sign, the product was
79:01:07improving.
79:01:10What could nobody say?
79:01:19What nobody could say was whether the
79:01:22new features were helping.
79:01:25>> Nice one. Let's continue.
79:01:28So think for a moment.
79:01:32If a team keeps making its product
79:01:35better,
79:01:36what should happen to its customers?
79:01:50The obvious answer is that each new
79:01:53group of customers should behave a
79:01:56little better than the one before.
79:02:09>> Speaking time. Try answering with words
79:02:12you just heard. Go ahead.
79:02:16Should customers behave worse when a
79:02:20product gets better?
79:02:30No.
79:02:32The obvious answer [clears throat] is
79:02:34that they should behave a little better.
79:02:38Should each new group behave better or
79:02:43worse than the one before?
79:02:53Each new group should behave a little
79:02:56better than the one before.
79:02:59What does the narrator ask you to do?
79:03:08He asks you to think for a moment.
79:03:14>> Here's on. Now let's come to the next
79:03:16part.
79:03:17>> When the team finally looked at their
79:03:20customers group by group,
79:03:23that is not what they found.
79:03:26[sighs and gasps]
79:03:36The total had grown only because more
79:03:39people kept arriving.
79:03:43The metric that mattered, the share of
79:03:46new users who stayed had barely moved.
79:04:03Okay, voice is up. Now, here comes the
79:04:07questions.
79:04:09>> Did the team look at their customers
79:04:12group by group?
79:04:21Yes,
79:04:22they finally looked at their customers
79:04:26group by group.
79:04:29Had the metric that mattered moved a lot
79:04:33or barely moved.
79:04:39The metric that mattered had barely
79:04:43moved.
79:04:45Why had the total grown?
79:04:55The total had grown only because more
79:04:58people kept arriving.
79:05:02>> Now stories calling us. Let's continue.
79:05:06One feature was a special source of
79:05:09pride.
79:05:11Lazy registration
79:05:14which had taken real effort to build
79:05:28with lazy registration. Visitors could
79:05:31try the product first and register
79:05:34later. Once they liked it,
79:05:37it seemed entirely sensible.
79:05:53Now the floor is yours. Let's go.
79:05:56>> Was lazy registration a special source
79:06:00of pride?
79:06:09Yes,
79:06:11lazy registration was a special source
79:06:15of pride.
79:06:17With lazy registration, did visitors
79:06:20register first or try the product first?
79:06:30They could try the product first and
79:06:33register later.
79:06:36How did lazy registration seem?
79:06:41[snorts]
79:06:43It seemed entirely sensible.
79:06:47>> That was amazing. Now, let's continue
79:06:50and enjoy the story.
79:06:52>> Everyone called it a best practice.
79:06:57So nobody at Grockett had questioned it.
79:07:09Then they ran a simple experiment.
79:07:14One group of new visitors, the control
79:07:17group, was allowed to try the product
79:07:19first, as usual.
79:07:34Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and
79:07:36speak.
79:07:38>> Did anyone at Grockit question the best
79:07:41practice?
79:07:49No.
79:07:51Nobody at Grocket had questioned it.
79:07:55Did the control group try the product
79:07:58first
79:08:00or register first?
79:08:09The control group was allowed to try the
79:08:12product first
79:08:14as usual.
79:08:17What did everyone call it?
79:08:24Everyone called it a best practice.
79:08:31>> Great job. Now, back to the story.
79:08:34>> A second group had to register
79:08:36immediately after seeing only the
79:08:40company's marketing pages.
79:08:53If the feature mattered, the first group
79:08:56having used the product should certainly
79:08:59have done far better.
79:09:11All right, time to prove your focusing.
79:09:15Let's simply do it.
79:09:17>> Did the second group see the product
79:09:20before registering?
79:09:28No,
79:09:30they saw only the company's marketing
79:09:33pages.
79:09:35Should the first group have done better
79:09:38or worse?
79:09:45The first group should certainly have
79:09:47done far better.
79:09:50What did the second group have to do?
79:09:58A second group had to register
79:10:01immediately.
79:10:04>> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the
79:10:06story.
79:10:08The results came back and the two groups
79:10:12had behaved in exactly the same way.
79:10:26They signed up at the same rate, became
79:10:30active at the same rate,
79:10:33and came back at the same rate.
79:10:49That's amazing. Now you want to speak
79:10:52what you have read and listened.
79:10:55>> Did the two groups behave differently?
79:11:05No.
79:11:07The two groups behaved in exactly the
79:11:11same way.
79:11:14Did they sign up at the same rate or a
79:11:17different rate?
79:11:22They signed up at the same rate.
79:11:27What else happened at the same rate?
79:11:36They became active and came back at the
79:11:40same rate.
79:11:43>> Good job. Let's continue the story.
79:11:47>> Students were deciding about Grockett
79:11:50based on something else entirely.
79:11:55What the team had celebrated was wasted
79:11:59work.
79:12:12From then on, they studied users group
79:12:15by group and tested each new feature
79:12:19against a control group.
79:12:31Awesome. Now it's speaking turn.
79:12:34Was the celebrated feature
79:12:38useful?
79:12:46No.
79:12:49What the team had celebrated was wasted
79:12:52work.
79:12:55Did students decide based on the feature
79:12:59or on something else entirely?
79:13:09Students were deciding
79:13:11based on something else entirely.
79:13:16How did they study users from then on?
79:13:25They studied users group by group.
79:13:31>> Great answers. Let's see what happens
79:13:34now.
79:13:35>> That became their best practice and they
79:13:38learned quickly what truly helped
79:13:48in the lean startup. Eric Ree uses
79:13:52Grockett to make an uncomfortable point.
79:13:57Effort that feels productive can change
79:14:01nothing.
79:14:15>> Okay, questions time. Let's jump into
79:14:17it.
79:14:19Did they learn quickly what truly
79:14:22helped?
79:14:29Yes,
79:14:31they learned quickly what truly helped.
79:14:36Can effort that feels productive change
79:14:39everything or change nothing?
79:14:49Effort that feels productive
79:14:52can change nothing.
79:14:56What became their best practice?
79:15:06Testing each feature against a control
79:15:09group became their best practice.
79:15:14Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep
79:15:16moving.
79:15:19>> So measure what really changes,
79:15:22not what looks busy.
79:15:25Even when busy feels good.
79:15:39Your English has a chart too with a
79:15:42metric for everything. Hours studied,
79:15:45apps opened, words saved, days in a row.
79:16:03A quick check before we move on. I want
79:16:06you to answer these questions.
79:16:09Should you measure what looks busy?
79:16:20No.
79:16:22Measure what really changes,
79:16:25not what looks busy.
79:16:29Does your English chart have one metric
79:16:33or a metric for everything?
79:16:39It has a metric for everything.
79:16:43What does your chart count?
79:16:53Your chart counts hours studied, apps
79:16:57opened, words saved, and days in a row.
79:17:05Now this is the last part. Let's bring
79:17:07it home.
79:17:09>> Those visible numbers can rise for
79:17:12months
79:17:14while your real ability
79:17:17barely moves.
79:17:29So at the end of this week, don't ask
79:17:32how much you studied.
79:17:36Ask
79:17:37what you can do now that you could not
79:17:41do before.
79:17:56The last round of questions. Let's end
79:17:59on a high note. Okay, let's go.
79:18:03>> Can visible numbers rise while your
79:18:07ability barely moves?
79:18:17Yes,
79:18:19visible numbers can rise while your real
79:18:23ability barely moves.
79:18:26Should you ask how much you studied or
79:18:30what you can do now?
79:18:37Ask what you can do now that you could
79:18:40not do before.
79:18:44When should you ask this question?
79:18:51Ask it at the end of this week.
79:19:02The grammar we practice today, noun
79:19:05clauses.
79:19:07Yet, what nobody could say was whether
79:19:09the new features were helping.
79:19:13The obvious answer is that each new
79:19:16group of customers should behave a
79:19:18little better than the one before.
79:19:23When the team finally looked at their
79:19:25customers group by group, that is not
79:19:28what they found.
79:19:31What the team had celebrated was wasted
79:19:34work.
79:19:42Congratulations.
79:19:44You practice 468
79:19:47words in this story and you learned a
79:19:49lot.
79:19:52That's awesome.
79:19:58Congratulations
79:20:00and let's keep going.
79:20:03Thinking fast and slow. And now let's
79:20:06jump into the story.
79:20:09Praise or shout.
79:20:11>> Praise or shout from the book Thinking
79:20:15Fast and Slow by Daniel Carneaman.
79:20:20Cadet,
79:20:22instructor,
79:20:24punish,
79:20:27trend,
79:20:29regression to the mean,
79:20:32return to
79:20:35observation,
79:20:38coincidence,
79:20:40misleading,
79:20:43random.
79:20:46A quiet classroom in Israel.
79:20:50Experienced flight instructors sat
79:20:52listening to a young psychologist from
79:20:55the university.
79:21:02His
79:21:09name was Daniel Carneaman
79:21:12and he later described this lesson in
79:21:15his book Thinking Fast and Slow.
79:21:32That's amazing. I want you to listen to
79:21:35the questions and answer in sentences.
79:21:38Build full sentences, not just words.
79:21:41Okay, let's go.
79:21:44>> Were the flight instructors listening
79:21:47to a young psychologist?
79:21:57Yes.
79:22:00Experienced flight instructor sat
79:22:03listening to a young psychologist.
79:22:08Was the classroom in Israel or in
79:22:12America?
79:22:19It was in Israel.
79:22:22It was a quiet classroom in Israel.
79:22:27who later described this lesson in a
79:22:30book.
79:22:38Daniel Carnean later described this
79:22:41lesson in his book Thinking Fast and
79:22:46Slow.
79:22:48>> Okay, now listening mode.
79:22:51He was teaching them how to train pilots
79:22:54better, sharing an important finding
79:22:58from research.
79:23:08Rewarding good performance, he
79:23:10explained, works better than punishing
79:23:14mistakes.
79:23:24A quick check before we move on. I want
79:23:27you to answer these questions.
79:23:30>> Did Caraman say that punishing mistakes
79:23:33works better?
79:23:42No. He said rewarding good performance
79:23:47works better than punishing mistakes.
79:23:51Was he teaching them to train pilots
79:23:55or to fly planes?
79:24:02He was teaching them how to train pilots
79:24:06better.
79:24:07What works better than punishing
79:24:10mistakes?
79:24:18Rewarding good performance works better
79:24:21than punishing mistakes.
79:24:25>> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the
79:24:28story.
79:24:30>> Then one of the most experienced
79:24:32instructors disagreed with evidence from
79:24:36years of his own work.
79:24:47Whenever he praised a cadet for a
79:24:50perfect move, he said the cadet usually
79:24:54did worse the next time.
79:25:07Now it's yours. Go ahead and talk loudly
79:25:11as much as you can.
79:25:15>> Did one experienced instructor disagree?
79:25:27Yes.
79:25:28One of the most experienced instructors
79:25:31disagreed.
79:25:34Whenever he praised a cadet, did the
79:25:37cadet do better or worse?
79:25:49Whenever he praised a cadet, the cadet
79:25:52usually did worse the next time.
79:25:57What evidence did the instructor have?
79:26:05He had evidence from years of his own
79:26:09work.
79:26:11>> Good job. Let's continue the story.
79:26:15>> Whenever he shouted at a cadet for a bad
79:26:18move, the cadet usually did better on
79:26:22the next attempt.
79:26:32So in his view, praise made pilots worse
79:26:38and shouting made them better.
79:26:51Awesome. Quiz time. Let's jump into it.
79:26:55>> Did the instructor think shouting made
79:26:58pilots worse?
79:27:07No.
79:27:08In his view, shouting made them better.
79:27:14In his view, did praise make pilots
79:27:17better or worse?
79:27:25In his view, praise made pilots worse.
79:27:31When did the cadet usually do better?
79:27:42Whenever he shouted at a cadet for a bad
79:27:45move, the cadet usually did better.
79:27:49Here's Odd. Now, let's come to the next
79:27:52part.
79:27:54>> He had watched this happen again and
79:27:56again
79:27:58for years.
79:28:02Would you argue with a man like that?
79:28:17If you had been there, you might have
79:28:20decided that instructors who punish
79:28:23mistakes are simply better teachers.
79:28:39No, the floor is yours. Let's go.
79:28:44>> Would the instructor be easy to argue
79:28:48with?
79:28:55>> No,
79:28:57he had watched this happen again and
79:29:00again for years.
79:29:03Did he see this happen again and again
79:29:07or just a few times?
79:29:15He watched this happen again and again
79:29:19for years.
79:29:22What might you have decided if you had
79:29:25been there?
79:29:34You might have decided that instructors
79:29:36who punish mistakes are simply better
79:29:39teachers.
79:29:42>> Great answers. Let's see what happens
79:29:45now.
79:29:46>> Caraman saw something that nobody else
79:29:49had noticed.
79:29:52The instructor's observation was
79:29:55correct. His explanation
79:29:59was wrong.
79:30:13Every pilot has good days and bad days.
79:30:19A brilliant move is often partly random
79:30:22luck and so is a terrible one.
79:30:39Let's see what stayed in your mind.
79:30:42Let's go.
79:30:44>> Was the instructor's observation
79:30:47correct?
79:30:55Yes,
79:30:57the instructor's observation was
79:30:59correct.
79:31:02His explanation was wrong.
79:31:06Was his explanation right or wrong?
79:31:14His explanation was wrong.
79:31:18What is a brilliant move often partly
79:31:21made of
79:31:30a brilliant move is often partly random
79:31:34luck and so is a terrible one.
79:31:39>> See, English is already coming out of
79:31:42you. Now listen and let's continue.
79:31:46After an unusually good attempt, the
79:31:49next one will probably be closer to
79:31:51normal, so it looks worse. Whatever the
79:31:55teacher says.
79:32:09After an unusually bad one, the next
79:32:12will probably look better. However
79:32:15loudly the instructor shouts.
79:32:28Now the table's turn. I'm going to ask
79:32:31you questions. You're going to do the
79:32:33talking. Let's go.
79:32:35>> After an unusually good attempt, will
79:32:38the next one probably look worse?
79:32:49Yes,
79:32:50it will probably be closer to normal so
79:32:54it looks worse. Whatever the teacher
79:32:57says.
79:33:00After a bad attempt, will the next look
79:33:03better or worse?
79:33:11The next will probably look better,
79:33:13however loudly the instructor shouts.
79:33:18Why does the next attempt look worse?
79:33:21Whatever the teacher says,
79:33:30because after an unusually good attempt,
79:33:33the next one will probably be closer to
79:33:36normal.
79:33:39>> That was amazing. Now let's continue and
79:33:42enjoy the story.
79:33:44>> Statisticians call this regression to
79:33:48the mean.
79:33:51The cadets were not reacting to praise
79:33:54or shouting.
79:33:56They were returning to their usual
79:33:59level.
79:34:12To prove it, Carnean set up a quick
79:34:15test.
79:34:17Each instructor threw two coins at a
79:34:20target behind his back without looking.
79:34:37Speaking time. Try answering with words
79:34:41you just heard. Go ahead.
79:34:44>> Were the cadets reacting to the
79:34:46shouting?
79:34:54>> No. The cadets were not reacting to
79:34:58praise. or shouting.
79:35:02Were the cadetses returning to their
79:35:04usual level or getting better?
79:35:11They were returning to their usual
79:35:13level.
79:35:15What do statisticians call this?
79:35:25Statisticians call this regression to
79:35:28the mean.
79:35:32>> All right, let's see if you've guessed
79:35:33it right. Let's go to the next part of
79:35:35the story.
79:35:37>> Those who had landed closest the first
79:35:40time mostly did worse the second time.
79:35:46Those who had done worst mostly
79:35:50improved.
79:36:03Nobody had been praised and nobody had
79:36:06been shouted at.
79:36:10Random luck alone had created the
79:36:12[gasps] pattern.
79:36:26Every sentence,
79:36:28speak it out loud. Okay, let's go.
79:36:31>> Did those who landed closest the first
79:36:34time
79:36:36mostly improve?
79:36:46No,
79:36:48those who had landed closest the first
79:36:51time
79:36:52mostly did worse the second time.
79:36:57Did praise or random luck create the
79:37:02pattern?
79:37:07Random luck alone had created the
79:37:10pattern.
79:37:13Who had been shouted at in the test?
79:37:22Nobody had been shouted at and nobody
79:37:26had been praised.
79:37:30>> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's
79:37:33keep it up and jump into the story.
79:37:37>> The instructor was not foolish.
79:37:39His observation was real, but the
79:37:43pattern behind it was misleading.
79:37:56A pattern seen a few times can feel like
79:37:59a law, even when it is only coincidence.
79:38:04Luck returning to normal.
79:38:19Let's hear you. Now it's your turn to
79:38:21speak.
79:38:23>> Was the instructor foolish?
79:38:32No, the instructor was not foolish. His
79:38:37observation was real.
79:38:40Was the pattern behind it true or
79:38:44misleading?
79:38:50The pattern behind it was misleading.
79:38:54What can a pattern seen a few times feel
79:38:58like?
79:39:06It can feel like a law
79:39:10even when it is only coincidence.
79:39:13Luck returning to normal.
79:39:18>> Nice one. Let's continue.
79:39:22>> This happens in English practice, too.
79:39:25You get a great score on one practice
79:39:28test and the next score drops.
79:39:41You decide that the new method you
79:39:43started is making you worse. So you drop
79:39:47it after a week.
79:39:57>> Did that make sense? Now let's check.
79:40:00After a great score on one practice
79:40:04test, does the next score drop?
79:40:15Yes.
79:40:17You get a great score on one practice
79:40:20test
79:40:21and the next score drops.
79:40:25Do you keep the new method or drop it?
79:40:34You drop it after a week.
79:40:38What do you decide the new method is
79:40:40doing?
79:40:47You decide that the new method you
79:40:50started is making you worse.
79:40:55>> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen.
79:41:00or a better speaking day follows a
79:41:02terrible one and you credit whatever you
79:41:05did that morning. [clears throat]
79:41:08It may be pure coincidence.
79:41:23One score is not a trend.
79:41:28Regression to the mean makes any single
79:41:31result misleading, however exciting it
79:41:34feels.
79:41:48Let's turn those ears into voice.
79:41:52>> Is one score a trend?
79:42:01No,
79:42:03one score is not a trend.
79:42:08Do you credit whatever you did that
79:42:10morning or luck?
79:42:19You credit whatever you did that
79:42:21morning. It may be pure coincidence.
79:42:27What makes any single result misleading
79:42:38regression to the mean makes any single
79:42:41result misleading
79:42:43however exciting it feels.
79:42:47>> Now this is the final part. I want you
79:42:49to focus and jump into it.
79:42:52A real trend only shows itself across
79:42:56many attempts
79:42:58taken on ordinary days.
79:43:10So don't ask whether today was better
79:43:12than yesterday.
79:43:15Ask whether this month was better than
79:43:18last month. [clears throat]
79:43:20Awesome.
79:43:31This is the final questions for this
79:43:34one. Go ahead. I don't want you to leave
79:43:36anything on the table. Try to answer
79:43:38every single question. Go ahead.
79:43:41>> Does a real trend show itself in one
79:43:44attempt?
79:43:52No,
79:43:54a real trend only shows itself across
79:43:58many attempts taken on ordinary days.
79:44:03Should you compare today with yesterday
79:44:07or this month with last month?
79:44:16Ask whether this month was better than
79:44:19[gasps] last month.
79:44:21When does a real trend show itself?
79:44:32A real trend shows itself across many
79:44:35attempts taken on ordinary days.
79:44:47The grammar we practice today, ever
79:44:50words. Whenever he praised a cadet for a
79:44:53perfect move, he said, the cadet usually
79:44:56did worse the next time.
79:45:01Whenever he shouted at a cadet for a bad
79:45:03move, the cadet usually did better on
79:45:06the next attempt.
79:45:09After an unusually good attempt, the
79:45:12next one will probably be closer to
79:45:14normal, so it looks worse, whatever the
79:45:17teacher says.
79:45:20After an unusually bad one, the next
79:45:22will probably look better. However
79:45:25loudly the instructor shouts,
79:45:34"Congratulations,
79:45:35you practiced 471
79:45:38words in this story and you learned a
79:45:41lot."
79:45:43Well done.
79:45:45And here's the thing.
79:45:49You are constantly learning something
79:45:51new. You're learning how to think in an
79:45:54ambitious way.
79:46:06And that's amazing.
79:46:08The power of habit.
79:46:20And now let's jump into the story when
79:46:23the pressure comes.
79:46:26>> When the pressure comes
79:46:29from the book The Power of Habit by
79:46:32Charles Duhig.
79:46:34Q
79:46:36fall back on
79:46:39grieve.
79:46:42Tragedy
79:46:44instantly.
79:46:46Defense.
79:46:49Wobble.
79:46:51Smoothly.
79:46:53Playoff.
79:46:55Come back from
79:46:591896.
79:47:01Tampa, Florida.
79:47:05A quiet new coach takes over one of the
79:47:10weakest teams in American football.
79:47:26Tony Dunie has an unusual idea.
79:47:30He does not want his players to learn
79:47:32more.
79:47:35He wants them to think less.
79:47:52Now, we're going to hear a question. I
79:47:54want you to answer it loudly in full
79:47:58sentences. Okay, let's go.
79:48:02Does the new coach take over a strong
79:48:06team?
79:48:15No.
79:48:17He takes over one of the weakest teams
79:48:21in American football.
79:48:24Does Dunie want his players to learn
79:48:27more or think less?
79:48:36He wants them to think less.
79:48:42Where does the new coach take over a
79:48:44team?
79:48:50He takes over a team in Tampa, Florida.
79:48:57>> Now, back to the story.
79:49:00>> His plan is to drill a few plays until
79:49:04every reaction becomes automatic,
79:49:08as natural as a habit.
79:49:22The players stop trying to read the
79:49:25whole field.
79:49:27They watch for a few cues and their
79:49:31bodies respond instantly.
79:49:47Now test yourself.
79:49:50Do the players watch for a few cues?
79:50:01Yes.
79:50:03They watch for a few cues and their
79:50:06bodies respond instantly.
79:50:10Do their bodies respond slowly or
79:50:14instantly?
79:50:20Their bodies respond instantly.
79:50:24What is his plan?
79:50:29His
79:50:33plan is to drill a few plays until every
79:50:38reaction becomes automatic.
79:50:42>> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's
79:50:45keep it up and jump into the story.
79:50:49>> It works.
79:50:52The team everyone laughed at starts
79:50:55winning and soon it has one of the
79:50:58toughest defenses in the league.
79:51:131999
79:51:16the team is one game away from the Super
79:51:20Bowl. The biggest match of the year.
79:51:24[cheering]
79:51:36>> Awesome. Quiz time. Let's jump into it.
79:51:40>> Does the team keep losing?
79:51:50No.
79:51:52The team everyone laughed at starts
79:51:56winning.
79:51:58Is its defense one of the weakest or one
79:52:01of the toughest?
79:52:08Soon it has one of the toughest defenses
79:52:11in the league.
79:52:14How far is the team from the Super Bowl
79:52:17in 1999?
79:52:25The team is one game away from the Super
79:52:30Bowl.
79:52:32Now relax your voice and let's continue
79:52:35listening.
79:52:37>> In the biggest moments, the players stop
79:52:41trusting the new habits.
79:52:44They hesitate and fall back on old ways.
79:53:01Under pressure, the routines break.
79:53:06The team loses big playoff games again
79:53:10and again.
79:53:12And early in 2002,
79:53:16the coach is fired.
79:53:31Now it's yours. Go ahead and talk loudly
79:53:35as much as you can.
79:53:38Do the players trust the new habits in
79:53:41the biggest moments?
79:53:50No.
79:53:52They hesitate
79:53:54and fall back on old ways.
79:53:58Does the team win or lose big playoff
79:54:03games?
79:54:11The team loses big playoff games again
79:54:16and again.
79:54:18What happens to the coach early in 2002?
79:54:29Early in 2002,
79:54:32the coach is fired.
79:54:36Okay, now listening mode.
79:54:40>> So the goal changes.
79:54:44>> Drills are not enough.
79:54:48His players need something to hold on to
79:54:52or they will fall back on old ways.
79:55:07Soon he is leading the Indianapolis
79:55:09Colts with the same system.
79:55:13The team wins
79:55:17and then fails in the playoffs again.
79:55:33All right, time to prove your focusing.
79:55:37Let's jump into it.
79:55:39>> Are drills enough?
79:55:45No,
79:55:48>> drills are not enough.
79:55:51Do his players need more drills or
79:55:55something to hold on to?
79:56:02His players need something to hold on
79:56:05to.
79:56:07Where do the Colts fail again?
79:56:15The team fails in the playoffs again.
79:56:20Now story is calling us. Let's continue.
79:56:24>> Late 2005,
79:56:28tragedy reaches the coach's own family.
79:56:33His oldest son dies
79:56:36and the whole team feels the
79:56:38[clears throat] shock.
79:56:51He comes back to work after the funeral,
79:56:54still grieving, and speaks openly about
79:56:57the faith that holds him up.
79:57:10Here's where you do the talking. Go
79:57:13ahead and talk and build me full
79:57:15sentences.
79:57:17>> Does tragedy reach the coach's own
79:57:20family?
79:57:28Yes.
79:57:30His oldest son dies and the whole team
79:57:33feels the shock.
79:57:36Does he stay away or come back to work
79:57:40after the funeral?
79:57:46He comes back to work after the funeral,
79:57:50still grieving.
79:57:52What does he speak openly about?
79:58:01He speaks openly about the faith that
79:58:04holds him up.
79:58:08>> All right, let's see if you've guessed
79:58:09it right. Let's go to the next part of
79:58:11the [clears throat] story.
79:58:13>> Something shifts among the players.
79:58:18Maybe it is the sight of a grieving man
79:58:22carrying a tragedy so calmly.
79:58:36They begin to believe in him and in each
79:58:40other in a way that drills alone never
79:58:45produced
79:58:57speaking time. I don't want you to
79:58:59overthink it. Just open your mouth and
79:59:01just talk whatever you remember from the
79:59:04story.
79:59:05>> Did drills alone produce this belief?
79:59:16No.
79:59:18Drills alone never produced this kind of
79:59:22belief.
79:59:24Do the players begin to doubt him or
79:59:28believe in him?
79:59:36They begin to believe in him and in each
79:59:40other.
79:59:42What do the players see in the coach?
79:59:51They see a grieving man carrying a
79:59:54tragedy so calmly.
79:59:58>> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the
80:00:01story.
80:00:03>> 2007,
80:00:05the Colts come back from far behind to
80:00:08win their semifinal
80:00:11and soon after they win the Super Bowl.
80:00:18>> [applause]
80:00:27>> This time the habits hold.
80:00:31At the highest pressure, the defense
80:00:34reads every cue instantly and the
80:00:38players trust each other.
80:00:53Okay, voice is up. Now, here comes the
80:00:56questions.
80:00:58>> Do the Colts come back from far behind?
80:01:09Yes,
80:01:11the Colts come back from far behind to
80:01:15win their semifinal.
80:01:18Does the defense read every cue
80:01:21instantly
80:01:23or slowly?
80:01:29The defense reads every cue instantly.
80:01:34What do they win soon after?
80:01:43Soon after they win the Super Bowl.
80:01:49>> Nice one. Let's continue.
80:01:52>> What counted was not a new play.
80:01:56It was what the players felt about each
80:02:00other.
80:02:11Drill until the move is automatic
80:02:15and belief will hold it under pressure.
80:02:21Either one alone tends to break.
80:02:37Okay, let's pause for a second. Now I'm
80:02:39going to ask you questions. Now it's
80:02:40over to you to answer them.
80:02:43>> Was a new play What counted?
80:02:53No,
80:02:55what counted was not a new play.
80:03:00Did a new play count or what the players
80:03:04felt about each other.
80:03:11What counted was what the players felt
80:03:14about each other.
80:03:17What will hold the move under pressure?
80:03:24belief will hold it under pressure.
80:03:29>> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen.
80:03:34>> You may know this feeling.
80:03:37At home, you speak smoothly. Then in the
80:03:41exam room, your drilled phrases
80:03:44disappear.
80:03:57Your heart races and old mistakes you
80:04:02fixed months ago suddenly return.
80:04:15Okay. Speaking time. Speak your mind.
80:04:19>> At home,
80:04:20do you speak smoothly?
80:04:28>> Yes. At home, you speak smoothly.
80:04:33In the exam room, do your phrases stay
80:04:38or disappear?
80:04:45In the exam room, your drilled phrases
80:04:49disappear.
80:04:51What suddenly returns?
80:05:00Old mistakes you fixed months ago
80:05:04suddenly return.
80:05:07>> That was amazing. Now let's continue and
80:05:10enjoy the story.
80:05:13>> That does not mean the practice failed.
80:05:16It means the habit still needs belief
80:05:20around it.
80:05:31In the power of habit, Charles Doohig
80:05:34argues that such belief grows most
80:05:37easily in a group.
80:05:50Great speaking time. Now let's jump into
80:05:54the speaking time.
80:05:57>> Does this mean the practice failed?
80:06:06No, it does not mean the practice
80:06:09failed.
80:06:12Does the habit need more drills or
80:06:16belief around it?
80:06:22The habit still needs belief around it.
80:06:26Where does belief grow most easily?
80:06:35Belief grows most easily in a group.
80:06:40Now this is the final part. I want you
80:06:43to focus and jump into it.
80:06:46That is why a study partner or small
80:06:49group matters.
80:06:52With others watching, you slowly learn
80:06:55to put up with pressure.
80:07:10And if your English wobbles on the big
80:07:13day, do not panic.
80:07:18A wobble is normal
80:07:21and it can be trained.
80:07:35You can come back from a shaky first
80:07:38answer
80:07:40and still finish smoothly.
80:07:52All right, final questions. I want you
80:07:55to answer full sentences and let's go.
80:07:59If your English wobbles, should you
80:08:02panic?
80:08:10No, do not panic.
80:08:14A wobble is normal and it can be
80:08:17trained.
80:08:20Can you come back from a shaky answer or
80:08:24is it over?
80:08:33You can come back from a shaky first
80:08:36answer and still finish smoothly.
80:08:41What do you slowly learn to put up with?
80:08:50With others watching, you slowly learn
80:08:53to put up with pressure.
80:09:03The grammar we practice today.
80:09:06Three-part phrasal verbs.
80:09:09They hesitate and fall back on old ways.
80:09:15His players need something to hold on to
80:09:18or they will fall back on old ways.
80:09:23He comes back to work after the funeral,
80:09:25still grieving, and speaks openly about
80:09:28the faith that holds him up.
80:09:32The Colts come back from far behind to
80:09:35win their semi-final. And soon after
80:09:38they win the Super Bowl.
80:09:46Congratulations.
80:09:49You practiced 472
80:09:51words in this story and you learned a
80:09:54lot.
80:09:56>> That's amazing. If you notice something,
80:10:11and you're doing it at the same time.
80:10:13That's such a great accomplishment. So,
80:10:15let me stop you here for a second.
80:10:21People who have
80:10:48Mahchech.
80:11:15What's your name? What's your favorite
80:11:16color?
80:11:25for
80:11:37English.
80:11:52for
80:11:55Mhm.
80:12:00Hello.
80:12:06Alhamdulillah.
80:12:21foreign.
80:12:44forch.
80:13:31Okay.
80:13:49foreignch.
80:14:17Okay.
80:14:25Shakespare. Shakespare.
80:14:38for
80:14:50feedback.
80:14:55I can't believe
80:15:04foreign
80:15:33technique. Get
80:16:02ache.
80:16:37country.
80:16:40Mhm.
80:17:09Okay. Uh,
80:17:14okay.
80:17:18Native speaker.
80:17:55Hello. Hello. Hello.
80:18:12Fore
80:18:19massager.
80:19:03Uh,
80:19:21Uh
80:19:33Mhm.
80:19:51Uhchech.
80:20:14Maxchech.
80:20:42for
80:21:12Williamchech.
80:21:37foreign.
80:21:56Mhm.
80:22:25Angels. for
80:23:01First of
80:23:25all, One
80:23:29island
80:23:54Fore
80:24:24about Amen.
80:24:40for
80:25:09void.
80:25:14Wow.
80:25:45Mhm.
80:26:04Your overall score is seven.
80:26:08Uh [laughter]
80:26:17yeah, daddy.
80:26:43foreignch.
80:27:27Awesome.
80:27:35for
80:27:53the checklist manifesto.
80:28:22Checklist.
80:28:34Let's jump into the story. Five lines on
80:28:37paper.
80:28:39Five lines on paper from the book The
80:28:42Checklist Manifesto by Atul Gowandi.
80:28:47Infection
80:28:49sterile
80:28:52germ
80:28:54prevent
80:28:56specialist
80:28:59authority
80:29:01intensive care.
80:29:05troubled
80:29:07calculate
80:29:09glove.
80:29:12A critical care specialist at John's
80:29:15Hopkins Hospital
80:29:18was troubled by a problem most
80:29:21colleagues had accepted.
80:29:29His
80:29:35name was Peter Pronovast
80:29:39and he worked in intensive care with the
80:29:43hospital's sickest patients.
80:29:59That's amazing. I want you to listen to
80:30:02the questions and answer in sentences.
80:30:05Build full sentences, not just words.
80:30:08Okay, let's go.
80:30:11>> Was the specialist troubled by a
80:30:14problem?
80:30:22Yes,
80:30:24he was troubled by a problem most
80:30:28colleagues had accepted.
80:30:31Did he work in intensive care or in a
80:30:35school?
80:30:43He worked in intensive care
80:30:46with the hospital's sickest patients.
80:30:51Who did he work with?
80:30:58He worked with the hospital's sickest
80:31:02patients.
80:31:05>> See, English is already coming out of
80:31:08you. Now listen and let's continue.
80:31:11Many of them need a central line, a thin
80:31:15tube placed into a large vein to deliver
80:31:19medicine.
80:31:29The tube saves lives,
80:31:33yet it can also let germs into the blood
80:31:38and those infections can be deadly. Hey,
80:31:54>> every sentence.
80:31:56Speak it out loud. Okay, let's go.
80:32:00>> Can the tube let germs into the blood?
80:32:10Yes,
80:32:12it can also let germs into the blood.
80:32:17Are those infections harmless
80:32:21or deadly?
80:32:27Those infections can be deadly.
80:32:32What is a central line?
80:32:42A central line is a thin tube placed
80:32:46into a large vein to deliver medicine.
80:32:51>> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep
80:32:53moving.
80:32:56>> Every hospital knew this and treated
80:32:59these infections as a sad but normal
80:33:02part of intensive care.
80:33:15So, what would you do if you were asked
80:33:19to stop them?
80:33:28Now, the table's turn. I'm going to ask
80:33:31you questions. You're going to do the
80:33:32talking. Let's go.
80:33:34Did every hospital know about these
80:33:37infections?
80:33:43Yes,
80:33:45every hospital knew this.
80:33:48Did hospitals treat these infections as
80:33:51normal
80:33:53or as shocking?
80:34:02They treated these infections as a sad
80:34:06but normal part of intensive care.
80:34:10What question does the story ask you
80:34:13here?
80:34:19What would you do if you were asked to
80:34:23stop them?
80:34:26>> Now story is calling us. Let's continue.
80:34:30>> Most people would suggest something big.
80:34:34New equipment, more training, a new
80:34:37medicine, or more specialists.
80:34:51Pronovast did something that looked
80:34:54almost too simple.
80:34:57He took a sheet of paper and wrote down
80:35:02five steps.
80:35:16Let's see what stayed in your mind.
80:35:19Let's go. Would most people suggest
80:35:23something small?
80:35:33No.
80:35:35Most people would suggest something big
80:35:38like more specialists.
80:35:41Did Pronover buy new equipment
80:35:45or write down five steps?
80:35:57He took a sheet of paper and wrote down
80:36:00five steps.
80:36:04How did his idea look?
80:36:11It looked almost too simple.
80:36:16>> Now back to the story.
80:36:19Wash your hands with soap.
80:36:23Clean the patient's skin with antiseptic
80:36:26to kill germs.
80:36:29Cover the whole patient with sterile
80:36:33sheets.
80:36:46Wear a mask. a hat, a sterile gown, and
80:36:52gloves.
80:36:55Put a sterile dressing over the site
80:36:59once the line is in.
80:37:14Spotlight now is on you. I want you to
80:37:16answer the questions by actually
80:37:20talking. Let's go.
80:37:22>> Do the steps cover the whole patient
80:37:24with sterile sheets?
80:37:32>> Yes.
80:37:34Cover the whole patient with sterile
80:37:36sheets.
80:37:39Do the doctors wear gloves or rings?
80:37:51They wear a mask, a hat, a sterile gown,
80:37:55and gloves. [clears throat]
80:37:58Why do they clean the patient's skin
80:38:00with antiseptic?
80:38:09They clean the patient's skin with
80:38:12antiseptic
80:38:13to kill germs.
80:38:17>> Good job. Let's continue the story.
80:38:21>> Every doctor already knew these steps
80:38:24from medical school, and nobody thought
80:38:27they were difficult.
80:38:36Still, he asked the nurses to watch the
80:38:39doctors for a month and to record each
80:38:44step from handwashing to gloves.
80:39:01Okay, questions time.
80:39:04>> Did every doctor already know these
80:39:07steps?
80:39:15Yes.
80:39:17Every doctor already knew these steps
80:39:21from medical school.
80:39:24Did the nurses watch the doctors for a
80:39:27day or for a month?
80:39:35The nurses watched the doctors for a
80:39:39month.
80:39:41What did the nurses record?
80:39:51They recorded each step from handwashing
80:39:55to gloves.
80:39:58>> Nice one. Let's continue.
80:40:01>> The results troubled him.
80:40:05With more than a third of patients, at
80:40:08least one step had been skipped.
80:40:22Then came the strange request.
80:40:27Pronovst asked the hospital to let
80:40:30nurses stop any doctor who missed a
80:40:34step.
80:40:48A quick check before we move on. I want
80:40:50you to answer these questions.
80:40:53>> Did the results please him?
80:41:01No,
80:41:03the results troubled him.
80:41:07Was a step skipped for a few patients or
80:41:11more than a third?
80:41:20With more than a third of patients, at
80:41:23least one step had been skipped.
80:41:27What was the strange request?
80:41:37Pronovost asked the hospital to let
80:41:40nurses stop any doctor who missed a
80:41:44step.
80:41:46>> Now relax your voice and let's continue
80:41:49listening.
80:41:51That was a big thing to ask.
80:41:55Nurses did not usually have the
80:41:57authority to correct doctors.
80:42:09The hospital's leaders agreed.
80:42:13From then on, if a step was skipped,
80:42:16every nurse had the authority to step
80:42:19in.
80:42:33>> Okay, questions time. Let's jump into
80:42:35it.
80:42:36>> Did nurses usually have the authority to
80:42:40correct doctors?
80:42:49No,
80:42:50nurses did not usually have the
80:42:53authority to correct doctors.
80:42:56Did the hospital's leaders agree or
80:43:00refuse?
80:43:05The hospital's leaders agreed.
80:43:10Who had the authority to step in?
80:43:17>> Every nurse had the authority to step
80:43:20in.
80:43:23>> All right, let's see if you've guessed
80:43:25it right. Let's go to the next part of
80:43:26the story.
80:43:28>> The change was dramatic
80:43:33when the team calculated the infection
80:43:35rate in that unit.
80:43:41It had fallen from 11%
80:43:45to zero.
80:43:59The team later calculated that the
80:44:02checklist had prevented dozens of
80:44:04infections
80:44:06and several deaths.
80:44:19>> Okay, speaking time. Speak your mind.
80:44:23>> Did the infection rate go up?
80:44:33No,
80:44:34it had fallen from 11% to zero.
80:44:40Did the checklist cause infections
80:44:44or prevent them?
80:44:50The checklist had prevented dozens of
80:44:54infections.
80:44:56What did the team later calculate?
80:45:06The team calculated that the checklist
80:45:09had prevented dozens of infections
80:45:13and several deaths.
80:45:16>> That was amazing. Now, let's continue
80:45:19and enjoy the story.
80:45:21The same idea was later tried across
80:45:24Michigan and infections fell sharply
80:45:28there too.
80:45:38The doctors had never lacked knowledge.
80:45:41What they lacked was a simple way to do
80:45:44what they knew every single time.
80:46:00Did that make sense? Now, let's check.
80:46:04>> Did the doctors lack knowledge?
80:46:13No.
80:46:14The doctors had never lacked knowledge.
80:46:19Did infections in Michigan fall or rise?
80:46:30Infections fell sharply there, too.
80:46:35What did the doctors lack?
80:46:45They lacked a simple way to do what they
80:46:48knew every single time.
80:46:53>> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the
80:46:56story.
80:46:58>> Simple steps followed every single time
80:47:02save lives.
80:47:05In a smaller way, they save a learner's
80:47:09progress, too.
80:47:22Most English learners already know what
80:47:25to do.
80:47:27Review new words. Listen daily. Check
80:47:30grammar before sending.
80:47:44Okay, let's pause for a second. Now I'm
80:47:46going to ask you questions. Now it's
80:47:48over to you to answer them.
80:47:50>> Do simple steps save lives only
80:47:54sometimes.
80:48:03No.
80:48:05Simple steps followed every single time
80:48:09save lives.
80:48:12Do most learners already know what to do
80:48:16or not?
80:48:22Most English learners already know what
80:48:25to do.
80:48:27What do simple steps save for a learner?
80:48:35They save a learner's progress, too.
80:48:40>> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's
80:48:44keep it up and jump into the story.
80:48:47>> Like those doctors, we skip a step when
80:48:50we are tired or busy or sure we will
80:48:55remember.
80:49:05So write your own short checklist to
80:49:08prevent the same mistakes
80:49:11and keep it where you study.
80:49:24That's amazing. Now we want to speak
80:49:26what you have read and listened.
80:49:29>> Do we skip a step when we are tired?
80:49:39Yes,
80:49:41we skip a step when we are tired or
80:49:45busy.
80:49:47Should your checklist be long or short?
80:49:55Write your own short checklist.
80:50:00Why should you write your own checklist?
80:50:09You write your own checklist to prevent
80:50:12the same mistakes.
80:50:16>> And now the big finish.
80:50:20Better still, find your own nurse.
80:50:25A friend allowed to stop you when you
80:50:28skip a step.
80:50:39And keep one rule in mind.
80:50:44The step you are shalest you know is the
80:50:48one you are most likely to skip.
80:51:05>> One final question bro you've done the
80:51:07whole thing now let's do the final one.
80:51:10Should your nurse be a friend allowed to
80:51:14stop you?
80:51:23Yes.
80:51:25Find a friend allowed to stop you when
80:51:28you skip a step.
80:51:31Are you most likely to skip the step you
80:51:34know best
80:51:36or least?
80:51:45The step you are shest you know is the
80:51:49one you are most likely to skip.
80:51:54When should your friend stop you?
80:52:02Your friend should stop you when you
80:52:05skip a step.
80:52:15The grammar we practice today, each,
80:52:18every, all, whole. Every hospital knew
80:52:22this and treated these infections as a
80:52:25sad but normal part of intensive care.
80:52:31Cover the whole patient with sterile
80:52:33sheets.
80:52:36Every doctor already knew these steps
80:52:39from medical school and nobody thought
80:52:41they were difficult.
80:52:45Still, he asked the nurses to watch the
80:52:47doctors for a month and to record each
80:52:50step from handwashing to gloves.
80:53:00Congratulations.
80:53:02You practiced 469 words in this story.
80:53:06And you learned a lot
80:53:10>> honestly. Well done.
80:53:16And uh this is the important thing. You
80:53:18you're you're improving your English.
80:53:20You're improving your mindset and that's
80:53:23going to make you a undestroyable
80:53:27man or or like undestroyable guy. So
80:53:31that's amazing. [laughter]
80:53:33Hard things about hard things.
80:53:40Um,
80:53:55wow, that's amazing. Let's jump into the
80:53:57story. Every vote was no. Every vote was
80:54:02no from the book The Hard Thing About
80:54:06Hard Things by Ben Horowitz.
80:54:10Charming
80:54:12competitor
80:54:15reference
80:54:17on paper
80:54:20speak highly of
80:54:23go against
80:54:26in person.
80:54:28Track record.
80:54:31Overlook
80:54:34instinct.
80:54:37No.
80:54:39No.
80:54:41No.
80:54:43Around the table, the executives gave
80:54:46the same answer
80:54:49about the same candidate.
80:55:03The company was Opswear,
80:55:06a software business in Silicon Valley,
80:55:09and its leader, Ben Horowitz, needed
80:55:12someone to run sales.
80:55:29That's amazing. I want you to listen to
80:55:32the questions and answer in sentences.
80:55:35Build full sentences, not just words.
80:55:38Okay, let's go.
80:55:41>> Did the executives give different
80:55:43answers?
80:55:52No,
80:55:53they gave the same answer about the same
80:55:57candidate.
80:55:59Did Hollowits need someone to run sales
80:56:03or to write software?
80:56:11He needed someone to run sales.
80:56:17What was the company called?
80:56:26The company was Opswear,
80:56:30a software business in Silicon Valley.
80:56:35>> Good job. Let's continue the story.
80:56:39The company was fighting to survive
80:56:42and it needed a strong sales machine.
80:56:55One candidate was Mark Cranny.
80:57:00On paper and in person, he seemed to be
80:57:03the wrong man for the job.
80:57:18speaking time. Try answering with words
80:57:21you just heard. Go ahead.
80:57:25>> Was the company fighting to survive?
80:57:34Yes.
80:57:36The company was fighting to survive.
80:57:40On paper, did Cranny seem the right man
80:57:45or the wrong man?
80:57:55On paper and in person, he seemed to be
80:57:58the wrong man for the job.
80:58:02What did the company need?
80:58:09It needed a strong sales machine.
80:58:15>> Now back to the story.
80:58:18>> He did not look like a Silicon Valley
80:58:21sales star. He was not tall, not smooth,
80:58:26and not especially charming.
80:58:41He had studied at a small university in
80:58:44Utah that most of the room had never
80:58:47heard of.
80:58:57Okay, voice is up. Now, here comes the
80:59:00questions. Was
80:59:03Cranny especially charming?
80:59:14No,
80:59:16he was not tall, [laughter]
80:59:17not smooth, and not especially charming.
80:59:22Did he study at a famous university or a
80:59:26small one?
80:59:32He had studied at a small university in
80:59:36Utah.
80:59:38What did he not look like?
80:59:46He did not look like a Silicon Valley
80:59:50sales star.
80:59:53>> Now story is calling us. Let's continue.
80:59:57He also made a poor first impression on
81:00:01some of them.
81:00:04Their instinct said no, and they could
81:00:07not quite explain why.
81:00:22If you had sat at that table, you might
81:00:25have voted no as well.
81:00:29Most of us would.
81:00:41Okay, let's pause for a second. Now, I'm
81:00:43going to ask you questions. Now it's
81:00:44over to you to answer them.
81:00:47>> Did he make a good first impression?
81:00:57>> No.
81:00:58He made a poor first impression on some
81:01:01of them.
81:01:03Did their instinct say yes or no?
81:01:10Their
81:01:12instinct said no.
81:01:16What might you have done at that table?
81:01:25You might have voted no
81:01:28as well.
81:01:31Great answers. Let's see what happens
81:01:33now.
81:01:35>> We judge people quickly by what is
81:01:38missing.
81:01:42The polish,
81:01:43the famous school,
81:01:46the charming style.
81:02:00Holitz refused to overlook him.
81:02:05He took the time to ask what Cranny
81:02:08could actually do,
81:02:10not what he lacked.
81:02:24As Hollowit spent more time with him in
81:02:27person,
81:02:29the picture changed.
81:02:40A quick check before we move on. I want
81:02:43you to answer these questions.
81:02:46>> Did Horovitz overlook him?
81:02:55>> No.
81:02:57Horovitz refused to overlook him.
81:03:02Did he ask what Cranny lacked or what he
81:03:06could do?
81:03:14He took the time to ask what Cranny
81:03:18could actually do.
81:03:21How do we usually judge people?
81:03:30We judge people quickly by what is
81:03:33missing like the charming style.
81:03:38>> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep
81:03:41moving.
81:03:43>> He arrived with a sales process so
81:03:46carefully worked out that his written
81:03:49guide was as thick as a textbook.
81:04:01He understood the competitors, the
81:04:04customers, and exactly where the
81:04:07company's own sales were breaking down.
81:04:22Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and
81:04:24speak.
81:04:25>> Did Cranny understand the competitors?
81:04:36Yes,
81:04:37he understood the competitors, the
81:04:40customers, and where the sales were
81:04:43breaking down.
81:04:45Was his written guide thin or as thick
81:04:49as a textbook?
81:04:52His
81:04:56written guide was as thick as a
81:04:59textbook.
81:05:01What did he arrive with?
81:05:09He arrived with a sales process so
81:05:13carefully worked out.
81:05:17>> All right, let's see if you've guessed
81:05:18it right. Let's go to the next part of
81:05:20the story.
81:05:22He offered a long list of references.
81:05:26They called back quickly, spoke highly
81:05:29of him, and described a strong track
81:05:33record.
81:05:46His style was unusual.
81:05:49His skill at building a sales team,
81:05:52Horowitz judged, was the best available.
81:06:10>> All right, time to prove your focusing.
81:06:13Let's jump into it.
81:06:15Did his references speak highly of him?
81:06:26Yes,
81:06:28they called back quickly and spoke
81:06:31highly of him.
81:06:33Did they describe a weak or a strong
81:06:38track record?
81:06:44They described a strong track record.
81:06:48How good was his skill at building a
81:06:51sales team?
81:06:59Holitz judged it was the best available.
81:07:05>> Here's on. Now let's come to the next
81:07:07part.
81:07:09So the chief executive made a hard
81:07:11decision.
81:07:14He went against his own team and hired
81:07:18Cranny anyway.
81:07:32He had taken a real risk
81:07:35and for a while it made the meetings
81:07:37tense.
81:07:47No pressure. Um, honestly, a little bit
81:07:49pressure. I want you to answer the
81:07:52questions in full sentences.
81:07:55>> Did the chief executive make an easy
81:07:58decision?
81:08:04No,
81:08:06he made a hard decision.
81:08:10Did he follow his team or go against it?
81:08:22He went against his own team
81:08:25and hired Cranny. Anyway,
81:08:29what had he taken?
81:08:36He had taken a real risk.
81:08:41>> Okay, now listening mode.
81:08:44>> Then the results arrived.
81:08:48Under Cranny, Opswear's sales grew many
81:08:52times over, and the people he hired
81:08:56tended to stay.
81:09:10That sales machine carried the company
81:09:13through its hardest years against strong
81:09:16competitors.
81:09:18until a larger company bought it.
81:09:34Now it's yours. Go ahead and talk loudly
81:09:38as much as you can.
81:09:40>> Did the people he hired tend to leave?
81:09:50No,
81:09:51the people he hired tended to stay.
81:09:56Did sales grow a little or many times
81:10:00over.
81:10:07Under Cranny, sales grew many times
81:10:11over.
81:10:13Against whom did the sales machine carry
81:10:16the company?
81:10:24It carried the company through its
81:10:27hardest years
81:10:29against strong competitors.
81:10:33>> That was amazing. Now let's continue and
81:10:36enjoy the story.
81:10:39Horowitz tells this story in the hard
81:10:42thing about hard things.
81:10:46His rule can go against every instinct.
81:10:52Hire for strength, not for lack of
81:10:55weakness.
81:11:09A candidate with no obvious weaknesses
81:11:12often has no great strengths either.
81:11:17A worldclass strength can look strange
81:11:20at first and easy to overlook.
81:11:27Awesome.
81:11:37Now it's speaking turn.
81:11:40>> Can his rule go against every instinct?
81:11:51>> Yes,
81:11:52his rule can go against every instinct.
81:11:58Should you hire for strength or for lack
81:12:02of weakness?
81:12:09Higher for strength,
81:12:12not for lack of weakness.
81:12:16How can a worldclass strength look at
81:12:19first?
81:12:26It can look strange at first and easy to
81:12:30overlook.
81:12:33>> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the
81:12:35story.
81:12:37>> The same trap waits in your learning.
81:12:41You may choose a teacher or a method by
81:12:45how smooth it looks.
81:12:58Or you judge yourself that way, counting
81:13:01only your weaknesses,
81:13:04the accent, the slow reading, the small
81:13:09mistakes you make.
81:13:23Okay, speaking time. Speak your mind.
81:13:27>> Does the same trap wait in your
81:13:30learning?
81:13:37>> Yes.
81:13:39The same trap waits in your learning.
81:13:44Do you count your strengths
81:13:47or only your weaknesses?
81:13:53You count only your weaknesses.
81:13:58Which weaknesses do you count?
81:14:08You count the accent, the slow reading,
81:14:12and the small mistakes you make.
81:14:16>> Now, this is the time for the ending of
81:14:18the story. And here's the important the
81:14:21most important part basically. Let's
81:14:23continue.
81:14:25>> So, ask yourself a different question
81:14:28tonight.
81:14:30If your teachers were your references,
81:14:34what would they speak highly of?
81:14:49Look at your real track record, not just
81:14:53your weaknesses on paper.
81:14:56What one strength could you build on?
81:15:14Last questions. Finish the story with
81:15:18the best answers possible.
81:15:21>> Should you look only at your weaknesses
81:15:24on paper?
81:15:32No.
81:15:34Look at your real track record, not just
81:15:38your weaknesses on paper.
81:15:42Should you ask yourself this question
81:15:44tonight or next year?
81:15:51Ask yourself a different question
81:15:54tonight.
81:15:56What would your teachers speak highly
81:15:59of?
81:16:07If your teachers were your references,
81:16:10they would speak highly of your real
81:16:13strength.
81:16:21The grammar we practice today make, do,
81:16:26take, have, collocations. He also made a
81:16:30poor first impression on some of them.
81:16:35He took the time to ask what Cranny
81:16:37could actually do, not what he lacked.
81:16:42So, the chief executive made a hard
81:16:45decision.
81:16:48He had taken a real risk and for a while
81:16:51it made the meetings tense.
81:17:00Congratulations. You practiced 470 words
81:17:05in this story and you learned a lot.
81:17:09See, that wasn't hard.
81:17:19This is amazing. Let's keep it up.
81:17:23How the mighty fall.
81:17:52You really really want to kind of
81:18:08you want to read this And now let's jump
81:18:11into the story at The Last Car Radio.
81:18:14>> The Last Car Radio from the book How the
81:18:18Mighty Fall by Jim Collins.
81:18:22Visionary.
81:18:25Hubris.
81:18:27Guarantee.
81:18:30Slice.
81:18:32Rush into
81:18:35timing.
81:18:37Production line.
81:18:40Analog
81:18:43enormously
81:18:45complacent.
81:18:48In December 1983,
81:18:52the last car radio that Motorola made in
81:18:56America came off the production line.
81:19:12It was not sold.
81:19:14It went straight into the hands of the
81:19:17company's chairman, Robert Calvin.
81:19:31Now, we're going to hear a question. I
81:19:33want you to answer it loudly
81:19:37[clears throat] in full sentences. Okay,
81:19:39let's go. Was the last car radio sold?
81:19:52No,
81:19:54it was not sold.
81:19:57It went straight to the chairman, Robert
81:20:01Galvin.
81:20:03Did it come off the production line in
81:20:06America or in Asia?
81:20:14It came off the production line
81:20:17in America.
81:20:20When did the last car radio come off the
81:20:23production line?
81:20:32It came off the production line in
81:20:35December
81:20:371983.
81:20:40Now story is calling us. Let's continue.
81:20:44>> Car radios had built Motorola.
81:20:49He kept this one from the production
81:20:51line as a reminder to keep moving on.
81:21:09That habit ran deep.
81:21:13In its early years, the business had
81:21:16nearly died,
81:21:18and its people never forgot.
81:21:33No pressure. Um, honestly, a little bit
81:21:36pressure. I want you to answer the
81:21:38questions in full sentences.
81:21:42Did the business nearly die in its early
81:21:45years.
81:21:53Yes.
81:21:55In its early years, the business had
81:21:59nearly died.
81:22:01Did he keep the radio as a trophy or as
81:22:06a reminder?
81:22:12He kept it as a reminder
81:22:16to keep moving on.
81:22:19What had built Motorola?
81:22:25car radios had built Motorola.
81:22:31>> Here's on. Now let's come to the next
81:22:33part.
81:22:35>> Past success they believed guaranteed
81:22:38nothing.
81:22:41So Motorola kept reinventing itself from
81:22:45radios to computer chips to mobile
81:22:48phones.
81:23:01In a survey of chief executives, it was
81:23:04named one of the most visionary
81:23:07companies in the world.
81:23:18All right, time to prove you're
81:23:20focusing. Let's jump into it.
81:23:24>> Did they believe past success guaranteed
81:23:27anything?
81:23:35No.
81:23:37Past success, they believed, guaranteed
81:23:41nothing.
81:23:44Was Motorola named ordinary
81:23:47or visionary?
81:23:55It was named one of the most visionary
81:23:58companies in the world.
81:24:02How did Motorola keep changing?
81:24:12It kept reinventing itself from radios
81:24:16to computer chips to mobile phones.
81:24:22>> Okay, now listening mode.
81:24:25>> Then came the best decade in its
81:24:27history.
81:24:30Its yearly sales grew enormously,
81:24:33and the bigger they grew, the shorer its
81:24:36leaders felt.
81:24:50Its phones led the world, and it was
81:24:53enormously proud of them.
81:24:56At one point, almost half of all phones
81:25:01sold were Motoras.
81:25:16Let's see what stayed in your mind.
81:25:19Let's go.
81:25:21>> Did its yearly sales grow enormously?
81:25:34Yes,
81:25:36its sales grew enormously,
81:25:40and the bigger they grew, the shorer its
81:25:44leaders felt.
81:25:47Was the company worried about its phones
81:25:51or enormously proud of them?
81:25:58It was enormously proud of them.
81:26:03How many of all phones sold were
81:26:06Motorrollers.
81:26:15At one point, almost half of all phones
81:26:20sold were Motorers.
81:26:24Nice one. Let's continue.
81:26:28>> Success on that scale is wonderful
81:26:32and dangerous even for a visionary
81:26:34company
81:26:36because it quietly changes how people
81:26:39think.
81:26:53The more Motorola won, the more
81:26:57complacent it became.
81:27:01Its old humility gave way to a belief
81:27:04that it simply knew best.
81:27:20Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and
81:27:22speak.
81:27:23>> Is success on that scale
81:27:26dangerous?
81:27:34Yes,
81:27:36it is dangerous even for a visionary
81:27:40company.
81:27:42The more Motorola won, did it become
81:27:46more careful
81:27:48or more complacent?
81:27:57The more Motorola won, the more
81:28:01complacent it became.
81:28:04What did its old humility give way to?
81:28:14It gave way to a belief that it simply
81:28:18knew best.
81:28:22>> Great job. Now, back to the story.
81:28:25>> Then it launched the Star Tac, a
81:28:29beautiful little phone built on older
81:28:32analog technology.
81:28:43The problem was timing.
81:28:46The phone networks that bought handsets
81:28:49were moving to digital and they were
81:28:52asking for digital phones.
81:29:09Speaking time. Try answering with words
81:29:12you just heard. Go ahead.
81:29:15Was the Star Trek built on digital
81:29:19technology?
81:29:23[clears throat]
81:29:27No,
81:29:29it was built on older analog technology.
81:29:34Were the networks asking for analog or
81:29:38digital phones?
81:29:44They were asking for digital phones.
81:29:49What was the problem?
81:29:54The problem was timing.
81:29:58>> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's
81:30:01keep it up and jump into the story.
81:30:05>> One senior leader heard the warnings and
81:30:08made his choice.
81:30:11He waved them away.
81:30:1443 million analog customers can't be
81:30:18wrong.
81:30:31They could be wrong and they were.
81:30:36Customers followed the networks and
81:30:39rivals with better timing rushed into
81:30:42the space his choice left open.
81:30:58Did that make sense? Now let's check.
81:31:01Did the senior leader listen to the
81:31:04warnings?
81:31:12No,
81:31:13he heard the warnings and waved them
81:31:16away.
81:31:18Did rivals move slowly or rush into the
81:31:23space?
81:31:31Rivals with better timing rushed into
81:31:35the space. His choice left open.
81:31:40Who did customers follow?
81:31:46Customers followed the networks.
81:31:50Now relax your voice and let's continue
81:31:53listening.
81:31:55Within a few years, Motorola's share of
81:31:58the market had fallen to 17%.
81:32:04Read that number again.
81:32:0817
81:32:22from nearly half the market. to a small
81:32:25slice of it.
81:32:29Painful job cut soon followed.
81:32:43Now the table's turn. I'm going to ask
81:32:46you questions. You're going to do the
81:32:47talking. Let's go.
81:32:49Did Motorola's share fall to 17%.
81:33:01Yes,
81:33:03its share of the market had fallen
81:33:06to 17%.
81:33:10Did Motorola keep half the market or
81:33:14only a small slice?
81:33:23From nearly half the market, it fell to
81:33:26a small slice of it.
81:33:30What soon followed?
81:33:35Painful job cuts soon followed.
81:33:41>> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen.
81:33:45Jim Collins studies this fall in How the
81:33:50Mighty Fall
81:33:52and he gives its first stage a name.
81:33:57Hubris born of success.
81:34:12Huberis is the old Greek word for pride
81:34:16so great that it brings down the hero.
81:34:31>> Okay, questions time.
81:34:34>> Is hubris an old Greek word?
81:34:44Yes,
81:34:46hubris is the old Greek word for pride
81:34:50so great that it brings down the hero.
81:34:56Does Collins call the first stage hubris
81:35:01or bad luck?
81:35:08He calls it hubris born of success.
81:35:13What does hubris bring down?
81:35:20It brings down the hero.
81:35:26>> Now back to the story.
81:35:28>> The irony is painful.
81:35:33Galvin kept a radio to remember that no
81:35:36success is guaranteed to last.
81:35:39His successors forgot its lesson.
81:35:55Success can make you blind to the next
81:35:59change.
81:36:01The better things go,
81:36:04the harder it becomes to hear a warning.
81:36:21Okay, questions time. Let's jump into
81:36:23it.
81:36:25>> Is any success guaranteed to last?
81:36:36No,
81:36:38no success is guaranteed to last.
81:36:44Did his successors remember
81:36:47or forget its lesson?
81:36:54His successors forgot its lesson.
81:36:58The better things go,
81:37:01what becomes harder.
81:37:11The better things go, the harder it
81:37:15becomes to hear a warning.
81:37:19>> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the
81:37:22story.
81:37:24>> This happens to learners, too.
81:37:27A student who once scored well grows
81:37:31complacent, rushing into each new test
81:37:34with old methods.
81:37:48The stronger your grammar feels, the
81:37:52less you may listen to real English.
81:37:57Maybe your reading is good. So you never
81:38:01practice speaking.
81:38:16Let's turn those ears into voice.
81:38:20>> Can a student who once scored well grow
81:38:23complacent?
81:38:31Yes.
81:38:33A student who once scored well grows
81:38:36complacent.
81:38:38Does the student rush into each test
81:38:42with new or old methods?
81:38:52The student rushes into each new test
81:38:56with old methods.
81:39:00The stronger your grammar feels, what
81:39:03may happen.
81:39:12The stronger your grammar feels, the
81:39:15less you may listen to real English.
81:39:21That's it. This is the last part of a
81:39:22story. Give it your best.
81:39:25>> The strength that got you here can
81:39:29quietly become the very thing that keeps
81:39:33you here.
81:39:44So, what is your start attack?
81:39:48Which slice of past success are you
81:39:52trusting a little too much today?
81:40:08The last round of questions. Let's end
81:40:11on a high note. Okay, let's go.
81:40:15>> Can your strength become the thing that
81:40:19keeps you here?
81:40:28Yes.
81:40:29The strength that got you here can
81:40:33become the thing that keeps you here.
81:40:37Is the danger a past failure
81:40:41or a past success?
81:40:51The danger is a slice of past success
81:40:55you trust too much.
81:40:58What question does the story leave you
81:41:01with?
81:41:08It asks you what is your
81:41:13start.
81:41:21The grammar we practice today, the more
81:41:25the more its yearly sales grew
81:41:28enormously, and the bigger they grew,
81:41:31the shorer its leaders felt.
81:41:35The more Motorola won, the more
81:41:38complacent it became.
81:41:42The better things go, the harder it
81:41:45becomes to hear a warning.
81:41:49The stronger your grammar feels, the
81:41:51less you may listen to real English.
81:42:01Congratulations.
81:42:03You practiced 470 words in this story
81:42:07and you learned a lot.
81:42:11>> Let's pause for a second.
81:42:16You finished another story
81:42:20and you learned a new lesson. You
81:42:23learned a new way of thinking. And
81:42:26that's amazing.
81:42:30Smarter, faster, better.
81:42:46And then and it's inspired. And then we
81:42:48go.
81:43:09It's going to happen to you. And now
81:43:11let's jump into the story, The
81:43:12Impossible Train.
81:43:15>> The Impossible Train from the book
81:43:18Smarter, Faster, Better by Charles
81:43:21Doohig.
81:43:24Reinvent.
81:43:26Daring.
81:43:28Tunnel.
81:43:30Sleek.
81:43:32Frighten.
81:43:35Inch forward.
81:43:38Bullet train.
81:43:41Railway.
81:43:43Kilometer.
81:43:45Light bulb.
81:43:49Early on an October morning in 1964,
81:43:54a sleek new train pulled out of Tokyo
81:44:00and raced towards Osaka.
81:44:15It was the first bullet train.
81:44:20At over 200 kilometers an hour, it left
81:44:24every other Japanese train behind.
81:44:40That's amazing. I want you to listen to
81:44:43the questions and answer in sentences.
81:44:47[clears throat] Build full sentences,
81:44:48not just words. Okay, let's go.
81:44:52Was the new train
81:44:55sleek?
81:45:03>> Yes,
81:45:05a sleek new train pulled out of Tokyo.
81:45:11Did it race towards Osaka
81:45:15or towards the sea?
81:45:21It raced towards Osaka.
81:45:26How fast was the first bullet train?
81:45:29[sighs]
81:45:35It went at over 200 km an hour.
81:45:41Now relax your voice and let's continue
81:45:44listening.
81:45:46>> Years earlier, the railways engineers
81:45:48had been given a goal that sounded
81:45:52impossible.
81:45:54Trains far faster than anything Japan
81:45:58had run.
81:46:03Picture
81:46:11them at the start.
81:46:14By the time the new line opens, trains
81:46:17will be racing at speeds no Japanese
81:46:21railway has seen.
81:46:35No pressure. Um, honestly, a little bit
81:46:38pressure. I want you to answer the
81:46:40questions in full sentences.
81:46:44>> Did the goal sound easy?
81:46:54>> No.
81:46:55The goal sounded impossible.
81:47:00Will trains be racing on the old line
81:47:05or on the new line?
81:47:14By the time the new line opens, trains
81:47:17will be racing on it.
81:47:20Who had been given the impossible goal?
81:47:26>> [clears throat]
81:47:30>> The railways engineers
81:47:33had been given the goal.
81:47:37>> All right, let's see if you've guessed
81:47:39it right. Let's go to the next part of
81:47:40the story.
81:47:42>> Small improvements will never get them
81:47:44there.
81:47:46With a stronger engine on the old track,
81:47:49they will still be inching forward in 10
81:47:53years.
81:48:06So they rethought nearly everything.
81:48:11New and wider tracks, gentler curves,
81:48:15long tunnels, bridges,
81:48:18and completely new trains.
81:48:35Now test yourself.
81:48:38>> Will small improvements get them there?
81:48:49No,
81:48:50small improvements will never get them
81:48:54there.
81:48:56With the old track, will they be racing
81:49:01or inching forward?
81:49:10They will still be inching forward in 10
81:49:14years.
81:49:17What did they rethink?
81:49:26They rethought nearly everything from
81:49:30tracks and tunnels to completely new
81:49:33trains.
81:49:36>> Nice one. Let's continue.
81:49:39The impossible goal forced them to stop
81:49:43repairing the old system and reinvent
81:49:47it.
81:49:57Years later, this story reached Jack
81:49:59Welsh, the head of General Electric, one
81:50:03of America's largest companies.
81:50:15Great speaking time. Now, let's jump
81:50:19into the speaking time.
81:50:22>> Did this story reach Jack Welch years
81:50:26later?
81:50:34Yes.
81:50:36Years later, this story reached Jack
81:50:40Welch.
81:50:42Was Welch the head of General Electric
81:50:47or of the railway?
81:50:53He was the head of General Electric.
81:50:57What did the impossible goal force the
81:51:01engineers to do?
81:51:10It forced them to stop repairing the old
81:51:13system [clears throat]
81:51:15and reinvent it.
81:51:19>> Good job. Let's continue the story.
81:51:23>> GE made everything from light bulbs to
81:51:26jet engines.
81:51:29And Welch believed his managers were
81:51:31thinking too small.
81:51:44You might ask what a Japanese bullet
81:51:47train has to do with light bulbs.
81:51:51For Welch, it had everything to do with
81:51:54them.
81:52:06Okay, speaking time. Speak your mind.
81:52:10>> Did GE make light bulbs?
81:52:21Yes.
81:52:23GE made everything from light bulbs to
81:52:26jet engines.
81:52:29Were his managers thinking too big
81:52:33or too small?
81:52:40Welch believed they were thinking too
81:52:42small.
81:52:45What did a bullet train have to do with
81:52:48light bulbs?
81:52:54For Welch, it had everything to do with
81:52:57them.
81:53:00>> Here's on. Now, let's come to the next
81:53:02part.
81:53:04>> If a railway could reinvent travel, then
81:53:07surely his own teams could do more than
81:53:10inch forward each year.
81:53:23So he made a bold bet.
81:53:28He asked teams across the company to set
81:53:31stretch goals, targets that seemed out
81:53:35of reach
81:53:49speaking time. I don't want you to
81:53:51overthink it. Just open your mouth and
81:53:53just talk whatever you remember from the
81:53:56story.
81:53:58>> Could a railway reinvent travel?
81:54:09>> Yes.
81:54:10If a railway could reinvent travel, his
81:54:14teams could do more than inch forward.
81:54:19Did he make a bold bet
81:54:22or a safe one?
81:54:27He made a bold bet.
81:54:32What did he ask teams to set?
81:54:41He asked them to set stretch goals,
81:54:46targets that seemed out of reach.
81:54:50>> Now, back to the story.
81:54:53>> In Smarter, Faster, Better, Charles
81:54:56Doohig adds the half of this story that
81:55:00people often forget.
81:55:11A stretch goal on its own can frighten
81:55:14people.
81:55:16Some freeze
81:55:19and some give up before they begin.
81:55:34Okay, let's pause for a second. Now I'm
81:55:36going to ask you questions. Now it's
81:55:37over to you to answer them.
81:55:40>> Can a stretch goal frighten people?
81:55:51>> Yes, a stretch goal on its own can
81:55:56frighten people.
81:55:59Does Doohig add the famous half
81:56:03or the forgotten half?
81:56:11He adds the half that people often
81:56:15forget.
81:56:17What do some frightened people do?
81:56:26Some freeze
81:56:28and some give up before they begin.
81:56:33>> Great answers. Let's see what happens
81:56:36now.
81:56:38>> The teams that succeed tend to pair the
81:56:41big goal with small specific steps they
81:56:45can plan and measure.
81:56:58The bullet train needed both
81:57:02a daring target.
81:57:05Then years of careful work on every
81:57:10tunnel and every kilometer of track.
81:57:26Okay, questions time.
81:57:29>> Did the bullet train need only a daring
81:57:33target?
81:57:41No,
81:57:43it needed a daring target
81:57:47and years of careful work.
81:57:51Do teams that succeed pair big goals
81:57:55with small steps
81:57:58or with more pressure?
81:58:07They pair the big goal with small
81:58:10specific steps.
81:58:14Where did the years of careful work go?
81:58:24They went into every tunnel and every
81:58:28kilometer of track.
81:58:32>> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's
81:58:35keep it up and jump into the story.
81:58:39>> A goal that scares you forces new
81:58:43thinking
81:58:45and small steps are what make it real.
81:59:00Now look at your own English goals.
81:59:04Most are too small to change how you
81:59:07study.
81:59:18That's amazing. Now we want to speak
81:59:21what you have read and listened.
81:59:24>> Does a goal that scares you force new
81:59:28thinking?
81:59:36Yes.
81:59:38A goal that scares you forces new
81:59:41thinking.
81:59:44Are most English goals too big or too
81:59:48small?
81:59:55Most are too small to change how you
81:59:59study.
82:00:01What makes a big goal real?
82:00:08Small steps are what make it real.
82:00:14>> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen.
82:00:18>> Pass the next test or learn a few more
82:00:21words.
82:00:23Goals like that only ask for more of the
82:00:28same.
82:00:40try a daring goal instead, one that
82:00:43would force you to study differently.
82:00:48By December,
82:00:50you will have given a full presentation
82:00:53in English.
82:01:07speaking time. Try answering with words
82:01:11you just heard. Go ahead.
82:01:14By December,
82:01:16will you have given a presentation?
82:01:26Yes. By December, you will have given a
82:01:31full presentation in English.
82:01:35Should you try a daring go
82:01:39or a small one?
82:01:48Try a daring goal. One that would force
82:01:52you to study differently.
82:01:56What do small goals ask for?
82:02:05Goals like that only ask for more of the
82:02:08same.
82:02:11Okay, now listening mode.
82:02:14>> At first, it will frighten you like an
82:02:17old track that could never carry a sleek
82:02:21new train.
82:02:30Then break it into small steps.
82:02:34This week you will be writing one slide.
82:02:40Next week you will be recording yourself
82:02:42for five minutes.
82:02:57>> Okay, questions time. Let's jump into
82:03:00it.
82:03:01>> Will the goal frighten you at first?
82:03:11Yes, at first it will frighten you.
82:03:17This week, will [clears throat] you be
82:03:19writing a slide
82:03:21or recording yourself?
82:03:28This week you will be writing one slide.
82:03:34What will you be doing next week?
82:03:43Next week you will be recording yourself
82:03:46for five minutes.
82:03:50>> And now the big finish.
82:03:54>> Each step should be so clear that by
82:03:58Friday you will have either finished it
82:04:02or learned exactly why not.
82:04:17So what goal, if you truly chased it,
82:04:22would make you rebuild the way you Turn.
82:04:38>> All right, final questions. I want you
82:04:41to answer full sentences and let's go.
82:04:45>> By Friday,
82:04:47will you have finished each step?
82:04:57Yes, by Friday you will have finished it
82:05:02or learned exactly why not.
82:05:06Should each step be clear
82:05:10or vague?
82:05:18Each step should be so clear that by
82:05:21Friday you will have finished it.
82:05:25What should your goal make you rebuild?
82:05:35It should make you rebuild
82:05:38the way you learn.
82:05:48The grammar we practice today,
82:05:51future continuous, future perfect. By
82:05:55the time the new line opens, trains will
82:05:58be racing at speeds no Japanese railway
82:06:01has seen.
82:06:04With a stronger engine on the old track,
82:06:08they will still be inching forward in 10
82:06:11years.
82:06:14By December you will have given a full
82:06:17presentation in English.
82:06:21This week you will be writing one slide.
82:06:31Congratulations.
82:06:33You practiced 466
82:06:36words in this story and you learned a
82:06:39lot.
82:06:41>> Amazing. So you have listened, you
82:06:43understood and you spoke
82:06:51and that's how we learn. Before we
82:06:53continue,
82:06:56a real student just like you uh
82:07:08was able to get get amazing results.
82:07:20foreign.
82:07:56Fore
82:08:24task one2.
82:08:27feedback,
82:08:41WhatsApp
82:08:51Make us
82:09:13reading.
82:09:29speaking
82:09:37speaking
82:09:39AI
82:09:43listening. Technicore.
82:10:12foreign.
82:10:22Awesome.
82:10:47for
82:10:56WhatsApp.
82:11:08Fore
82:11:27super communicators
82:11:32social media.
82:11:41Communicators. [clears throat]
82:11:42Communicator. Super communicators.
82:11:46Super
82:11:48communicators.
82:11:56That's it's a very very nice book. Let's
82:11:58jump into the story. The officer who
82:12:00kept hearing no.
82:12:03The officer who kept hearing no from the
82:12:06book Super Communicators by Charles
82:12:09Doohig.
82:12:11Betray
82:12:14logic.
82:12:16Emotion.
82:12:18Approach.
82:12:20Spy.
82:12:23Connected.
82:12:25Mood.
82:12:28Pay attention to
82:12:30insight.
82:12:32painfully.
82:12:36No,
82:12:38no,
82:12:41[gasps] not interested.
82:12:45For one intelligence officer, those were
82:12:48the words he heard
82:12:51most often.
82:13:04Jim Lawler worked for the CIA.
82:13:08His job was to get foreign officials to
82:13:11share secret information with the United
82:13:15States.
82:13:29No one word answer. I don't want you to
82:13:31give me like ah small answers. I want
82:13:33you to give me full sentences aloud and
82:13:36when you're going to hear and listen to
82:13:37the sentence, repeat it yourself. Okay,
82:13:41let's go.
82:13:43>> Did Jim Lawler work for the CIA?
82:13:53Yes,
82:13:55Jim Lawler worked for the CIA.
82:14:00Did he have to get officials to share
82:14:03secrets or to hide them?
82:14:12He had to get foreign officials to share
82:14:16secret information.
82:14:19Which words did the officer hear most
82:14:22often?
82:14:29He heard no
82:14:32interested.
82:14:35>> Here's on. Now let's come to the next
82:14:37part.
82:14:38>> The job is built on trust. Yet it asks
82:14:42strangers to betray their own country.
82:14:48They have every reason to say no.
82:15:04His first approach was built on logic
82:15:07and money.
82:15:09He explained the benefits clearly and
82:15:12offered payments that could make life
82:15:14easier.
82:15:29Okay, speaking time. Speak your mind.
82:15:33>> Does the job ask strangers to betray
82:15:36their own country?
82:15:44Yes, it asks strangers to betray their
82:15:48own country.
82:15:50Was his first approach built on logic
82:15:53and money or on feelings?
82:16:03His first approach was built on logic
82:16:07and money.
82:16:09What did he offer the officials?
82:16:17He offered payments that could make life
82:16:20easier.
82:16:23>> Okay, now listening mode.
82:16:26>> He tried again and again to get them to
82:16:29say yes, and the answer kept coming back
82:16:33the same.
82:16:35No.
82:16:37His
82:16:47results stayed painfully close to
82:16:50nothing,
82:16:51and he began to fear that he would be
82:16:55fired.
82:17:06No pressure. Um, honestly, a little bit
82:17:09pressure. I want you to answer the
82:17:11questions in full sentences.
82:17:14>> Could he get them to say yes?
82:17:24>> No.
82:17:26He tried again and again and the answer
82:17:30kept coming back the same.
82:17:33Were his results painfully close to
82:17:36nothing or very strong?
82:17:44His results stayed painfully close to
82:17:47nothing.
82:17:49What did he begin to fear?
82:17:57He began to fear that he would be fired.
82:18:02>> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the
82:18:05story.
82:18:06>> In his job, a record like that could end
82:18:11a career.
82:18:14Something in his approach had to change.
82:18:28The obvious fix would be a better offer,
82:18:33more money, a sharper argument, a
82:18:37stronger case.
82:18:49What changed
82:18:52was not the offer.
82:18:55It was the feeling in the room.
82:19:09>> Awesome. Quiz time. Let's jump into it.
82:19:13>> Did something in his approach have to
82:19:16change?
82:19:25Something in his approach had to change.
82:19:30Was the change a better offer
82:19:33or the feeling in the room?
82:19:43It was not the offer.
82:19:46It was the feeling in the room.
82:19:51What could a record like that end?
82:20:01In his jog,
82:20:03a record like that could end a career.
82:20:10>> All right, let's see if you've guessed
82:20:11it right. Let's go to the next part of
82:20:13the story.
82:20:15Be clear about one thing.
82:20:18Spying is a cold business
82:20:22and getting someone to betray their
82:20:24country is nothing to admire.
82:20:39Lola began to pay attention to each
82:20:42person's mood. and to match their
82:20:45emotions instead of pushing past them.
82:21:01>> Okay, questions time.
82:21:04>> Is getting someone to betray their
82:21:07country something to admire?
82:21:17No.
82:21:19Getting someone to betray their country
82:21:22is nothing to admire.
82:21:25Is spying a warm business
82:21:28or a cold business?
82:21:34Spying is a cold business.
82:21:39What did Lawler begin to pay attention
82:21:41to?
82:21:49He began to pay attention to each
82:21:51person's mood
82:21:53and to match their emotions.
82:21:59>> Now story is calling us. Let's continue.
82:22:02>> He also stopped hiding behind
82:22:05confidence.
82:22:07He shared his own worries honestly as
82:22:11one person talking to another.
82:22:25That was when he finally began to get
82:22:29people to say yes.
82:22:34Emotions did what logic and money had
82:22:37never done.
82:22:51Now the floor is yours. Let's go.
82:22:55>> Did he keep hiding behind confidence?
82:23:06No,
82:23:07he stopped hiding behind confidence
82:23:11and shared his worries honestly.
82:23:15Did logic or emotions finally get people
82:23:19to say yes?
82:23:27Emotions did what logic and money had
82:23:31never done.
82:23:33What did he share honestly?
82:23:42He shared his own worries as one person
82:23:46talking to another.
82:23:49>> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep
82:23:51moving.
82:23:53The method is not the hero of this
82:23:56story.
82:23:58The insight behind it is.
82:24:02And it reaches far beyond spying.
82:24:18Charles Duhig calls it the matching
82:24:21principle.
82:24:24People feel safe when the person in
82:24:28front of them seems to feel what they
82:24:31feel.
82:24:45All right, time to prove your focusing.
82:24:48Let's jump into it.
82:24:51Is the method the hero of this story?
82:25:01No,
82:25:03the method is not the hero. The insight
82:25:07behind it is
82:25:09does the insight stay inside spying
82:25:14or reach far beyond it?
82:25:22The insight reaches far beyond spying.
82:25:28What does Charles Doohig call it?
82:25:37Charles Doohig calls it the matching
82:25:41principle.
82:25:44>> Now relax your voice and let's continue
82:25:47listening.
82:25:49>> Matching does not mean copy words.
82:25:53The insight is to meet people where they
82:25:57are before asking them to move.
82:26:13people say yes to someone they feel
82:26:16connected to, not to the strongest
82:26:19argument.
82:26:29Okay, let's pause for a second. Now I'm
82:26:31going to ask you questions. Now it's
82:26:33over to you to answer them.
82:26:36Does matching mean copying words?
82:26:45No.
82:26:47Matching does not mean including words.
82:26:52Do people say yes to arguments
82:26:55or to someone they feel connected to?
82:27:06People say yes to someone they feel
82:27:09connectioned to not to the strongest
82:27:13argument.
82:27:15What is the insight?
82:27:25The insight is to meet people where they
82:27:28are before asking them to move.
82:27:34>> So smooth. Awesome. Now let's listen.
82:27:38>> Think about speaking English.
82:27:42Many learners prepare perfect sentences
82:27:45like arguments,
82:27:48then wonder why conversations feel
82:27:51painfully cold.
82:28:05Before a speaking class or an exam, they
82:28:09polish every answer and forget to pay
82:28:13attention to the person listening.
82:28:29Now test yourself.
82:28:31Do these learners conversations
82:28:35feel warm?
82:28:45No.
82:28:47Their conversations feel painfully cold.
82:28:53Do they forget their grammar
82:28:56or the person listening?
82:29:04They forget to pay attention to the
82:29:07person listening.
82:29:10How do many learners prepare their
82:29:13sentences?
82:29:21Many learners prepare perfect sentences
82:29:24like arguments.
82:29:28Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's
82:29:31keep it up and jump into the story.
82:29:35>> The other person does not need your best
82:29:37grammar first.
82:29:41They need to feel that you are really
82:29:44listening.
82:29:56The people you practice with will shape
82:29:59how fast you grow.
82:30:01So feeling connected is not a detail.
82:30:07It is the work.
82:30:22Let's see what stayed in your mind.
82:30:25Let's go.
82:30:26>> Does the other person need your best
82:30:29grammar first?
82:30:38No,
82:30:41they need to feel that you are really
82:30:44listening.
82:30:46Is feeling connected a detail or the
82:30:51work.
82:30:59Feeling connected is not a detail.
82:31:03It is the work
82:31:06who will shape how fast you grow.
82:31:16The people you practice with will shape
82:31:20how fast you grow.
82:31:24>> Great answers. Let's see what happens
82:31:26now.
82:31:28Next time you speak English with
82:31:30someone, get them to tell you how they
82:31:34feel about the topic.
82:31:38Then share your opinion,
82:31:53match their mood.
82:31:56If they are serious,
82:31:59slow down.
82:32:02If they are laughing,
82:32:04let yourself laugh too.
82:32:10[laughter]
82:32:20Let's turn those ears into voice.
82:32:24Should you get them to tell you how they
82:32:27feel first?
82:32:37Yes.
82:32:38Get them to tell you how they feel, then
82:32:42share your opinion.
82:32:45If they are serious, should you slow
82:32:49down or speed up?
82:32:56If they are serious,
82:32:58slow down.
82:33:00Whose mood should you match?
82:33:11Match their mood.
82:33:14If they are laughing, let yourself laugh
82:33:17too.
82:33:19>> Now, this is the final part. I want you
82:33:21to focus and jump into it.
82:33:24>> Then share one honest thing about
82:33:27yourself,
82:33:29even a small worry
82:33:32about your English.
82:33:44Watch how quickly a stranger becomes a
82:33:47partner.
82:33:50Doors rarely open for the best argument.
82:33:54They open for understanding.
82:34:10The last round of questions. Let's end
82:34:14on a high note. Okay, let's go.
82:34:17Doors open for the best argument.
82:34:29No,
82:34:31doors rarely open for the best argument.
82:34:35They open for understanding.
82:34:40Should you share a small worry or a
82:34:43perfect speech?
82:34:52Share one honest thing about yourself.
82:34:55Even a small worry about your English.
82:35:00What does a stranger become?
82:35:07A stranger becomes a partner.
82:35:19The grammar we practice today. Get
82:35:22something done. Get someone to. His job
82:35:26was to get foreign officials to share
82:35:28secret information with the United
82:35:30States.
82:35:33He tried again and again to get them to
82:35:35say yes, and the answer kept coming back
82:35:38the same.
82:35:41Spying is a cold business and getting
82:35:44someone to betray their country is
82:35:47nothing to admire.
82:35:50That was when he finally began to get
82:35:53people to say yes.
82:36:02Congratulations. You practiced 472 words
82:36:07in this story and you learned a lot.
82:36:11Okay.
82:36:21So, if you think about it, you're
82:36:23learning very key lessons that are going
82:36:27to improve your your your whole mindset.
82:36:31That's amazing.
82:36:34Snowball
82:36:40Warren Buffet. Warren Buffett
82:36:58like snowball.
82:37:06Oh my god.
82:37:08Warren Buffet.
82:37:27Let's jump into the story. The year he
82:37:30stopped. The year he stopped from the
82:37:34book The Snowball by Alice Schroeder.
82:37:39Spectacular.
82:37:42Out of step,
82:37:45wealthy.
82:37:47Beat the market.
82:37:50Hot market.
82:37:52Rush in.
82:37:55Defining.
82:37:58Fund manager.
82:38:01make sense
82:38:03happily.
82:38:0613 years,
82:38:09not one losing year.
82:38:13Then at the height of his success,
82:38:17he closed the whole thing down.
82:38:33Warren Buffett started his investment
82:38:35partnership in 1956
82:38:38with money from family and friends in
82:38:41Omaha.
82:38:52That's amazing. I want you to listen to
82:38:55the questions and answer in sentences.
82:38:59Build full sentences, not just words.
82:39:02Okay, let's go.
82:39:04Did he have a losing year in 13 years?
82:39:17No, in 13 years he had not one losing
82:39:23year.
82:39:25Did he start the partnership in 1956
82:39:30or in 1969?
82:39:40Warren Buffett started his investment
82:39:42partnership in 1956.
82:39:47Whose money did he start with?
82:39:56He started with money from family and
82:39:59friends in Omaha.
82:40:03>> Here's on. Now let's come to the next
82:40:05part.
82:40:07>> His method was strict.
82:40:10He insisted on buying only what he
82:40:12understood and only when it was clearly
82:40:15worth more than its price.
82:40:30That rule shows his defining trait.
82:40:34discipline.
82:40:37He would rather do nothing at all than
82:40:40break it.
82:40:54Okay, voice is up. Now, here comes the
82:40:57questions.
82:40:59Did he insist on buying only what he
82:41:02understood?
82:41:11Yes, he insisted on buying only what he
82:41:15understood.
82:41:18Was his defining trait discipline
82:41:21or speed?
82:41:27His defining trait was discipline.
82:41:33What would he rather do than break his
82:41:36rule?
82:41:42He would rather do nothing at all than
82:41:45break it.
82:41:48>> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep
82:41:51moving.
82:41:52>> For years, the rule made his partners
82:41:55wealthy.
82:41:57The partnership beat the market again
82:42:00and again, even in bad years.
82:42:14By the late60s, it had become a hot
82:42:17market.
82:42:19Prices were rising fast, and almost
82:42:22everyone seemed to be winning.
82:42:36Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to
82:42:38answer the questions?
82:42:40>> Did the rule make his partners wealthy?
82:42:52Yes.
82:42:54For years, the rule made his partners
82:42:58wealthy.
82:43:00Did the partnership beat the market or
82:43:04lose to it?
82:43:13The partnership beat the market again
82:43:16and again,
82:43:18even in bad years.
82:43:22What had it become by the late60s?
82:43:32By the late60s,
82:43:34it had become a hot market.
82:43:38>> That was amazing. Now, let's continue
82:43:41and enjoy the story.
82:43:44Young fund managers were rushing in to
82:43:47buy exciting new shares that nobody
82:43:50really understood.
82:43:52And their results looked spectacular.
82:44:08Buffett found very few bargains.
82:44:12The companies he liked were too
82:44:13expensive, and the rest made no sense to
82:44:17him.
82:44:30Speaking time. Try answering with words
82:44:33you just heard. Go ahead.
82:44:36Were young fund managers rushing in to
82:44:40buy new shares?
82:44:49Yes,
82:44:51young fund managers were rushing in to
82:44:54buy exciting new shares.
82:44:59Did their results look spectacular
82:45:03or poor?
82:45:09Their results looked spectacular.
82:45:14What made no sense to Buffett?
82:45:21The rest of the companies made no sense
82:45:24to him.
82:45:27>> Now story is calling us. Let's continue.
82:45:31He warned his partners that he felt out
82:45:34of step with the market.
82:45:37He would not abandon a method he
82:45:40understood.
82:45:53Read that first line again. 13 years
82:45:56without a loss.
82:45:59Who walks away from that.
82:46:11>> Now the table's turn. I'm going to ask
82:46:14you questions. You're going to do the
82:46:15talking. Let's go.
82:46:18>> Did he warn his partners that he felt
82:46:21out of step?
82:46:30Yes,
82:46:32he warned his partners that he felt out
82:46:35of step with the market.
82:46:38Would he abandon his method or keep it?
82:46:48He would not abandon a method he
82:46:51understood.
82:46:53How many years did he go without a loss?
82:47:03He went 13 years without a loss.
82:47:10Great job. Now, back to the story.
82:47:13>> His wealthy partners would happily have
82:47:16given him even more money to manage.
82:47:28In 1969,
82:47:30in a defining move, he did the opposite.
82:47:35He closed the partnership and returned
82:47:39his partner's money and their share of
82:47:42what he owned.
82:47:56Let's see what stayed in your mind.
82:48:00Let's go.
82:48:01>> Would his partners happily have given
82:48:04him more money?
82:48:14Yes. his wealthier partners would
82:48:17happily have given him even more money.
82:48:22In 1969,
82:48:25did he take more money or close the
82:48:29partnership?
82:48:36In 1969,
82:48:38he closed the partnership.
82:48:42What did he return to his partners?
82:48:52He returned their money and their share
82:48:55of what he owned.
82:48:59>> Great answers. Let's see what happens
82:49:02now.
82:49:03>> He refused to play a game he did not
82:49:06understand
82:49:08just to finish as a hero.
82:49:20He even advised those who wanted to keep
82:49:23investing to follow another careful
82:49:26investor he trusted.
82:49:39Now it's yours. Go ahead and talk loudly
82:49:43as much as you can.
82:49:46>> Did he refuse to play a game he did not
82:49:50understand?
82:49:59Yes. He refused to play a game he did
82:50:03not understand
82:50:05just to finish as a hero.
82:50:09Did he advise investors to follow
82:50:12another investor
82:50:14or to stop?
82:50:22He available them to follow another
82:50:25careful investor he trusted.
82:50:29What kind of investor did he trust?
82:50:38He trusted
82:50:39another careful investor.
82:50:44>> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's
82:50:47keep it up and jump into the story.
82:50:51>> A few years later, the market crashed.
82:50:56Many of the exciting shares that had
82:50:59seemed to beat the market lost most of
82:51:03their value.
82:51:16Had he stayed in, he would have been one
82:51:19more fund manager playing by rules he
82:51:23did not believe in.
82:51:30Here's
82:51:36where you do the talking. Go ahead and
82:51:40talk and build me full sentences.
82:51:43Did the market crash a few years later?
82:51:53Yes.
82:51:55A few years later, the market crashed.
82:52:00Did the exciting shares keep their value
82:52:04or lose most of it?
82:52:13Many of the exciting shares lost most of
82:52:16their value.
82:52:18What would he have been if he had stayed
82:52:21in?
82:52:29He would have been one more fund manager
82:52:33playing by rules he did not believe in.
82:52:38>> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the
82:52:40story.
82:52:42Instead, he kept his reputation, his
82:52:46calm, and his method,
82:52:49and kept running Berkshire Haway, a
82:52:53company he already controlled.
82:53:08Knowing when to stop is part of
82:53:10discipline.
82:53:13We praise the courage to start,
82:53:17but stopping takes a quieter courage.
82:53:33Every sentence,
82:53:35speak it out loud. Okay, let's go.
82:53:38Did he lose his reputation?
82:53:48No.
82:53:50He kept his reputation, his calm, and
82:53:54his method.
82:53:56Does stopping take a louder courage or a
82:54:00quieter courage?
82:54:06Stopping takes a quieter courage.
82:54:11Which company did he keep running?
82:54:21He kept running Berkshire Haway, a
82:54:25company he already controlled.
82:54:29>> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen.
82:54:34Stopping is not quitting when it
82:54:37protects a rule you trust.
82:54:41It is focus
82:54:43saying no to everything outside what you
82:54:47understand.
82:55:01English has its own hot market.
82:55:05Every week brings a new app, a new
82:55:07trick, and a new promise of fluency in a
82:55:11month.
82:55:25No pressure. Um, honestly, a little bit
82:55:28pressure. I want you to answer the
82:55:30questions in full sentences.
82:55:34>> Is stopping always quitting?
82:55:44No. Stopping is not quitting when it
82:55:48protects a rule you trust.
82:55:51Does English have its own hot market or
82:55:55not?
82:56:00English has its own hot market.
82:56:05What does every week bring?
82:56:15Every week brings a new app, a new
82:56:18trick, and a new promise of fluency.
82:56:24>> Now, back to the story.
82:56:27Your friends happily jump from method to
82:56:30method and for a while their early
82:56:33results can look spectacular.
82:56:45If a method makes no sense to you, stay
82:56:49out of the race, even if you feel out of
82:56:52step.
82:57:02Awesome. Quiz time. Let's jump into it.
82:57:06Do your friends happily jump from method
82:57:09to method?
82:57:17Yes. Your friends happily jump from
82:57:22method to method.
82:57:25If a method makes no sense, join the
82:57:28race or stay out.
82:57:36If a method makes no sense to you, stay
82:57:40out of the race.
82:57:43How might you feel if you stay out of
82:57:46the race?
82:57:51You might feel
82:57:53out of step.
82:57:56>> Now this is the final part. I want you
82:57:58to focus and jump into it.
82:58:02>> I would suggest the slow work that
82:58:05works.
82:58:07Daily listening, a notebook of mistakes,
82:58:12and one real conversation in English a
82:58:16week.
82:58:29try this rule today
82:58:32when everyone is rushing in.
82:58:36Check your own rule before you follow
82:58:39them.
82:58:52All right, final questions. I want you
82:58:55to answer full sentences and let's go.
82:58:59>> Should you follow everyone who is
82:59:01rushing in?
82:59:10>> No.
82:59:11When everyone is rushing in, check your
82:59:14own rule first.
82:59:18Does the narrator suggest a new app or
82:59:22daily listening?
82:59:30The narrator suggests daily listening, a
82:59:34notebook of mistakes, and one real
82:59:38conversation a week.
82:59:41When should you try this rule?
82:59:48Try this rule today.
82:59:58The grammar we practice today, reporting
83:00:01verbs. He insisted on buying only what
83:00:05he understood and only when it was
83:00:07clearly worth more than its price.
83:00:12He warned his partners that he felt out
83:00:14of step with the market.
83:00:18He refused to play a game he did not
83:00:21understand just to finish as a hero.
83:00:26He even advised those who wanted to keep
83:00:29investing to follow another careful
83:00:32investor he trusted.
83:00:40Congratulations.
83:00:42You practiced 470 words in this story
83:00:46and you learned a lot.
83:00:49>> Awesome. A full story in English.
83:00:59That's a huge huge achievement.
83:01:05Great job.
83:01:08Steve Jobs. Oh my god. Steve Jobs.
83:01:11iPhone.
83:01:14Wow. Wow.
83:01:16[laughter]
83:01:27Perfection.
83:01:45It's a nice a time to think about
83:01:48innovation. Let's get into the story The
83:01:50Booze in Boston.
83:01:53>> The booze in Boston from the book Steve
83:01:58Jobs by Walter Isaxson.
83:02:01Boo.
83:02:03Rebel.
83:02:06Notion.
83:02:08Let go of
83:02:10apologize.
83:02:13Enormous
83:02:16for good.
83:02:18Staging
83:02:20colorful
83:02:23victory.
83:02:26Boston,
83:02:28August 1997.
83:02:33Thousands of Apple fans filled a hall
83:02:36and waited for the man they had missed
83:02:39for years.
83:02:53Steve Jobs had been pushed out of Apple
83:02:5612 years earlier.
83:02:58Now he was back as an adviser and the
83:03:02fans wanted a fighter.
83:03:18That's amazing. I want you to listen to
83:03:21the questions and answer in sentences.
83:03:25Build full sentences, not just words.
83:03:27Okay, let's go.
83:03:30>> Did thousands of Apple fans fill a hall
83:03:34in Boston?
83:03:43Yes.
83:03:45Thousands of Apple fans filled the hall
83:03:49and waited.
83:03:52Did the fans want a fighter or a
83:03:55peacemaker?
83:03:59The fans wanted a fighter.
83:04:03When had Jobs been pushed out of Apple?
83:04:12He had been pushed out 12 years earlier.
83:04:17>> Good job. Let's continue the story.
83:04:21>> The company was in deep trouble.
83:04:25It was losing money fast and many
83:04:29experts believed it would not survive.
83:04:43For these fans, the enemy had one name,
83:04:49Microsoft.
83:04:52Its Windows software had beaten the Mac.
83:05:09Speaking time, I don't want you to
83:05:11overthink it. Just open your mouth and
83:05:13just talk whatever you remember from the
83:05:16story.
83:05:17>> Was Apple doing well in 1997?
83:05:28No,
83:05:30the company was in deep trouble and
83:05:34losing money fast.
83:05:37Was the fan's enemy Microsoft
83:05:41or another company?
83:05:49For these fans, the enemy had one name,
83:05:55Microsoft.
83:05:57What had beaten the Mac?
83:06:06Microsoft's Windows software had beaten
83:06:09the Mac.
83:06:12>> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep
83:06:15moving.
83:06:17Jobs spoke calmly about new plans.
83:06:22Then he announced a partner and an
83:06:25enormous face appeared on the screen
83:06:28behind him.
83:06:41It was Bill Gates, the head of
83:06:44Microsoft,
83:06:46speaking live by satellite and looking
83:06:49down like a giant.
83:07:03>> All right, time to prove your focusing.
83:07:06Let's jump into it.
83:07:08Did an enormous face appear on the
83:07:12screen?
83:07:20Yes. An enormous face appeared on the
83:07:24screen behind him.
83:07:26Was Gates on the stage or speaking by
83:07:31satellite?
83:07:37Bill Gates was speaking live by
83:07:40satellite.
83:07:42Whose face was it?
83:07:49It was Bill Gates, the head of
83:07:52Microsoft.
83:07:55Nice one. Let's continue.
83:07:59Microsoft, Jobs explained, would invest
83:08:03$150 million in Apple and keep making
83:08:08its office saver for the Mac.
83:08:22The hall did not cheer.
83:08:26It filled with booze
83:08:29and some fans could not believe their
83:08:32eyes.
83:08:45>> Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and
83:08:47speak.
83:08:49>> Did the hall cheer?
83:08:58No,
83:09:00the hall did not cheer.
83:09:04It filled with booze.
83:09:09Would WordPress invest in Apple or buy
83:09:14Apple?
83:09:22Microsoft would invest $150
83:09:27million
83:09:28in Apple.
83:09:31What would Microsoft keep making for the
83:09:34Mac?
83:09:41It would keep making its Office software
83:09:44for the Mac.
83:09:47>> Great job. Now, back to the story.
83:09:50Think for a moment about the staging.
83:09:55The rebel hero had come home and shaken
83:09:59hands with the enemy.
83:10:12Honestly, you would probably have booed,
83:10:15too.
83:10:17It looked like surrender,
83:10:20as if Apple had sold its soul to stay
83:10:24alive.
83:10:38>> Okay, speaking time. Speak your mind.
83:10:42>> Would you probably have booed, too?
83:10:53Yes,
83:10:55honestly, you would probably have booed,
83:10:59too.
83:11:01Did the rebel hero fight the enemy or
83:11:05shake hands?
83:11:13The rebel hero had come home and shaken
83:11:17hands with the enemy.
83:11:21What did the staging look like?
83:11:27It looked like surrender.
83:11:32>> Now back to the story.
83:11:34>> Jobs did not stop to apologize or argue.
83:11:41He let the noise settle
83:11:44and then he explained what he believed.
83:11:59Apple, he said, had to let go of the
83:12:02notion that for Apple to win, Microsoft
83:12:07had to lose.
83:12:19Okay, questions time. Let's jump into
83:12:22it.
83:12:23>> Did Jobs stop to apologize?
83:12:33No,
83:12:35Jobs did not stop to apologize
83:12:39or argue.
83:12:42Did he get angry or let the noise
83:12:46settle?
83:12:53He let the noise settle and then he
83:12:57explained what he believed.
83:13:01What notion did Apple have to let go of?
83:13:11Apple had to let go of the notion that
83:13:14for Apple to win, Microsoft had to lose.
83:13:21>> Now, relax your voice and let's continue
83:13:24listening.
83:13:26>> The crowd was missing one fact.
83:13:30The war with Microsoft had been decided
83:13:33years ago and the victory was
83:13:37Microsoft's.
83:13:50Meanwhile, businesses were quietly
83:13:53leaving the Mac.
83:13:56Without a promise of office, many would
83:13:59have left for good.
83:14:14>> Okay, voice is up. Now, here comes the
83:14:17questions.
83:14:19Had the war with Microsoft
83:14:23already been decided?
83:14:32Yes,
83:14:34it had been decided years ago and the
83:14:38victory was Microsoft's.
83:14:42Were businesses joining the Mac
83:14:46or quietly leaving it?
83:14:53Businesses were quietly
83:14:55leaving the Mac.
83:14:58Without office,
83:15:01what would many businesses have done?
83:15:08Without a promise of office, many would
83:15:10have left for good.
83:15:14>> Now, Story's calling us. Let's continue.
83:15:18Seen that way, the scene means something
83:15:20completely different.
83:15:23The enormous face was not a victory for
83:15:26the enemy.
83:15:37It was a leader deciding to stop
83:15:40fighting a battle already lost so that
83:15:43Apple's energy could go into new
83:15:47colorful machines.
83:16:02A quick check before we move on. I want
83:16:04you to answer these questions.
83:16:07>> Was the enormous face a victory for the
83:16:11enemy?
83:16:18>> No.
83:16:20The enormous face was not a victory for
83:16:23the enemy.
83:16:25Did the leader decide to keep fighting
83:16:29or stop fighting?
83:16:38He decided to stop fighting
83:16:41a battle already lost.
83:16:45Where could Apple's energy go instead?
83:16:53It could go into new colorful machines.
83:16:59>> All right, let's see if you've guessed
83:17:01it right. Let's go to the next part of
83:17:03the story.
83:17:06>> Jobs later regretted using the giant
83:17:09screen, calling it terrible staging.
83:17:15The decision behind it, though, was
83:17:18right.
83:17:30about a year later, Apple was making a
83:17:34profit again, and its colorful new iMac
83:17:37was selling fast.
83:17:51Let's turn those ears into voice.
83:17:55Did Jobs later regret using the giant
83:17:59screen?
83:18:06Yes.
83:18:08Jobs later regretted using the giant
83:18:11screen.
83:18:13Was the decision behind it wrong
83:18:17or right?
83:18:22The decision behind it was right.
83:18:27What was selling fast about a year
83:18:30later?
83:18:36Apple's colorful new iMac was selling
83:18:40fast.
83:18:42Okay, now listening mode.
83:18:46>> Old wars feel noble.
83:18:49They make us feel like rebels with an
83:18:52enemy to be angry at every morning.
83:19:06Many of them, however, no longer help us
83:19:10win anything.
83:19:13Stop fighting old wars that do not help
83:19:16you win.
83:19:30>> Now test yourself.
83:19:33>> Do old wars make us feel
83:19:37like rebels?
83:19:46Yes, they make us feel like rebels with
83:19:51an enemy to be angry at.
83:19:54Should you stop fighting old wars or
83:19:58keep fighting?
83:20:05Stop fighting old wars that do not help
83:20:08you win.
83:20:10How do old wars feel?
83:20:17Old wars feel
83:20:20noble.
83:20:23>> See, English is already coming out of
83:20:26you. Now listen and let's continue.
83:20:29>> Learners fight old wars, too.
83:20:33Perhaps for the teacher who once
83:20:36embarrassed them in class
83:20:39and never apologized.
83:20:53Perhaps you still hold the notion that
83:20:56you and English are enemies
83:21:00and always will be.
83:21:12every sentence.
83:21:14Speak it out loud. Okay, let's go.
83:21:18>> Did the teacher in the example
83:21:21apologize?
83:21:30No.
83:21:32Perhaps a teacher once embarrassed them
83:21:34in class and never apologized.
83:21:39Do learners fight old wars, too, or only
83:21:43companies?
83:21:49Learners fight old wars, too.
83:21:54What notion might you still hold?
83:22:05Perhaps you still hold the notion that
83:22:08you and English are enemies.
83:22:13>> Now, this is the time for the ending of
83:22:15the story. And here's the important the
83:22:18most important part basically. Let's
83:22:20continue.
83:22:21>> That war is expensive.
83:22:25Stop fighting it for good.
83:22:29And try spending that energy on a
83:22:33focused hour of listening this week.
83:22:48So don't ask who was wrong in the past.
83:22:53Ask which fight you need to let go of.
83:22:57So your goal gets your focus.
83:23:14>> Last questions. Finish the story with
83:23:18the best answers possible.
83:23:21>> Is that war cheap?
83:23:29No,
83:23:31that war is expensive.
83:23:35Should you keep fighting it or stop
83:23:39fighting it for good?
83:23:48Stop fighting it for good and try
83:23:51spending that energy on listening.
83:23:56What should you ask instead?
83:24:07Ask which fight you need to let go of so
83:24:12your goal gets your focus.
83:24:22The grammar we practice today.
83:24:25Verbs that change meaning. Jobs did not
83:24:29stop to apologize or argue.
83:24:33It was a leader deciding to stop
83:24:36fighting a battle already lost so that
83:24:39Apple's energy could go into new
83:24:41colorful machines.
83:24:46Jobs later regretted using the giant
83:24:48screen, calling it terrible staging.
83:24:54Stop fighting old wars that do not help
83:24:56you win.
83:25:04Congratulations.
83:25:06You practiced 467
83:25:09words in this story and you learned a
83:25:12lot.
83:25:14That's awesome.
83:25:21Congratulations
83:25:22and let's keep going.
83:25:26Think and grow rich.
83:26:15Let's go jump into the story. 20 years
83:26:19or more.
83:26:20>> 20 years or more from the book Think and
83:26:25Grow Rich by Napoleon Hill.
83:26:28wage
83:26:31unpaid
83:26:33sensible
83:26:36politely.
83:26:38Empire
83:26:40sooner or later
83:26:43preface.
83:26:45Lean back.
83:26:47Open doors.
83:26:51Apprenticehip.
83:26:54A young man once said yes to an offer
83:26:58most people would refuse.
83:27:03At least that is how he told it.
83:27:18His name was Napoleon Hill.
83:27:23in 1908. He said he was a poor young
83:27:27magazine writer.
83:27:41No one word answer. I don't want you to
83:27:43give me like ah small answers. I want
83:27:44you to give me full sentences aloud and
83:27:47when you're going to hear and listen to
83:27:49the sentence, repeat it yourself. Okay,
83:27:52let's go.
83:27:54>> Did the young man say yes to the offer?
83:28:05Yes.
83:28:07He said yes to an offer most people
83:28:11would refuse.
83:28:13Would most people accept
83:28:17or refuse the offer?
83:28:24Most people would refuse it.
83:28:29What was his job in 1908?
83:28:37He was a poor young magazine writer.
83:28:43Here's odd. Now let's come to the next
83:28:45part.
83:28:47He was sent to interview Andrew Cargi,
83:28:51one of the world's richest men who had
83:28:55built a steel empire.
83:29:09According to Hill, the interview was
83:29:12supposed to be short.
83:29:15Instead, it went on for 3 days.
83:29:31Speaking time, I don't want you to
83:29:33overthink it. Just open your mouth and
83:29:35just talk whatever you remember from the
83:29:38story.
83:29:40>> Was the interview supposed to be long?
83:29:52No.
83:29:54According to Hill, the interview was
83:29:57supposed to be short.
83:29:59Had Carney B built a steel empire or a
83:30:05railway empire?
83:30:12Cargi had built a steel empire.
83:30:17How long did the interview go on?
83:30:27It went on for three days.
83:30:32Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's
83:30:35keep it up and jump into the story.
83:30:40CargIe Hill wrote believed success
83:30:44followed a pattern.
83:30:46Anyone could learn if someone would only
83:30:50write it down.
83:31:03It would mean studying hundreds of
83:31:06successful people. and what they shared.
83:31:19>> Every sentence,
83:31:21speak it out loud. Okay, let's go.
83:31:24>> Did Cargi think success was only luck?
83:31:37No,
83:31:39he believed success followed a pattern
83:31:44anyone could learn.
83:31:47Would the [clears throat] work mean
83:31:48studying a few people
83:31:51or hundreds?
83:31:59It would mean studying hundreds of
83:32:02successful people.
83:32:05What would he study about successful
83:32:09people?
83:32:14He would study what they shared.
83:32:20So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen.
83:32:24Then in Hills telling the old man leaned
83:32:28back in his chair and watched him
83:32:32closely.
83:32:44In the preface of Think and Grow Rich,
83:32:48Hill wrote that Carnegie asked him to
83:32:51spend 20 years or more on it.
83:33:07Spotlight now is on you. I want you to
83:33:10answer the questions by actually
83:33:13talking. Let's go.
83:33:15>> Did the old man lean back in his chair?
83:33:27Yes.
83:33:29He leaned back in his chair and watched
83:33:33him closely.
83:33:37Is the story in the preface or at the
83:33:41end of the book?
83:33:48It is in the preface of think and grow
83:33:51rich.
83:33:53How long did Cargi ask him to spend on
83:33:58it?
83:34:05He asked him to spend 20 years or more
83:34:09on it.
83:34:12Now, back to the story.
83:34:15>> Hill later added a hard detail.
83:34:20Cariegi would open doors,
83:34:24but would pay no salary.
83:34:29Hill was expected to work unpaid.
83:34:45It was a kind of apprenticeship.
83:34:48Open doors. The builder of an empire as
83:34:52a teacher
83:34:54and no wage.
83:35:09>> Now test yourself.
83:35:11>> Was Hill expected to work for a salary?
83:35:23No.
83:35:26Hill was expected to work unpaid.
83:35:32Would company open doors
83:35:35or pay a wage?
83:35:44Carnegi would open doors but would pay
83:35:48no salary.
83:35:51What kind of arrangement was it?
83:36:02It was a kind of apprentichip
83:36:05with the builder of an empire as a
83:36:08teacher.
83:36:11Now story is calling us. Let's continue.
83:36:15>> Now imagine you are that young writer,
83:36:18poor with bills to pay.
83:36:27One of the richest men alive is offering
83:36:31you 20 years of hard work
83:36:36with no wages.
83:36:49Now the table's turn. I'm going to ask
83:36:52you questions. You're going to do the
83:36:54talking. Let's go.
83:36:56>> Is the young writer rich?
83:37:06No.
83:37:08He is poor with bills to pay.
83:37:13Is he offered 20 years of work with
83:37:16wages [snorts]
83:37:18or with no wages?
83:37:27He is offered 20 years of hard work with
83:37:32no wages.
83:37:35Who is offering the work?
83:37:43One of the richest men alive is offering
83:37:46it.
83:37:48>> That was amazing. Now, let's continue
83:37:51and enjoy the story.
83:37:53>> You are supposed to take the job that
83:37:56pays.
83:37:58You could ask for a wage
83:38:01or politely say no.
83:38:14most sensible people would find a good
83:38:17reason to walk away and nobody would
83:38:20blame them.
83:38:30Okay, questions time. Let's jump into
83:38:32it.
83:38:34Are you supposed to take the job that
83:38:37pays?
83:38:45Yes,
83:38:46you are supposed to take the job that
83:38:49pays.
83:38:52Would sensible people walk away or say
83:38:56yes?
83:39:02Most sensible people would find a good
83:39:06reason to walk away.
83:39:09How could you say no?
83:39:16You could politely say no.
83:39:21>> Great job. Now, back to the story.
83:39:25Hill said yes.
83:39:29By his own account, he answered quickly
83:39:32before fear could talk him out of it.
83:39:47He spent the next decades interviewing,
83:39:50writing, and lecturing. And in 1937 he
83:39:55published his most famous book.
83:40:09Okay, let's pause for a second. Now I'm
83:40:11going to ask you questions. Now it's
83:40:13over to you to answer them.
83:40:16>> Did Hill take a long time to answer?
83:40:26No.
83:40:29By his own account, he answered quickly.
83:40:33Did he answer before or after fear could
83:40:38talk him out of it?
83:40:44He answered before fear could talk him
83:40:48out of it.
83:40:50What did he publish in 1937?
83:40:59>> In 1937, he published his most famous
83:41:03book.
83:41:06>> All right, let's see if you've guessed
83:41:08it right. Let's go to the next part of
83:41:09the story.
83:41:13It became one [laughter] of the
83:41:15bestselling self-help books ever
83:41:19written.
83:41:23[clears throat]
83:41:29There is an honest question here too.
83:41:34Historians have found no record that
83:41:38Hill and Cariegi ever met.
83:41:54Hill only described the meeting after
83:41:57Cariegi had died, so nobody could ask
83:42:01the old man himself.
83:42:14No pressure. Um, honestly, a little bit
83:42:17pressure. I want you to answer the
83:42:19questions in full sentences.
83:42:23Have historians found a record of the
83:42:26meeting?
83:42:34No.
83:42:37Historians have found no record that
83:42:39Hill and Cargi ever met.
83:42:43Did Hill describe the meeting before or
83:42:48after Cariegi died?
83:42:52>> [clears throat]
83:42:55>> He described it after Cariegi had died.
83:43:01Why could nobody ask the old man?
83:43:11Because he'll only described the meeting
83:43:14after Cargi had died.
83:43:19See, English is already coming out of
83:43:22you. Now listen and let's continue.
83:43:25>> So hold this story carefully.
83:43:29The preface is Hill's own account of his
83:43:33beginning, not a proven fact.
83:43:49Even so, the choice at its center is
83:43:53real, and every ambitious person meets
83:43:57it
83:43:58sooner or later.
83:44:13>> Speaking time. Try answering with words
83:44:16you just heard. Go ahead.
83:44:20>> Is the preface a proven fact?
83:44:31No,
83:44:33the preface is Hill's own account, not a
83:44:37proven fact.
83:44:41Is the choice at its center real or
83:44:45invented?
83:44:52The choice at its center is real.
83:44:57When does every ambitious person meet
83:45:01this choice?
83:45:09Every ambitious person meets it sooner
83:45:13or later.
83:45:16>> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep
83:45:19moving.
83:45:20Someone who knows more than you asks for
83:45:24something hard, long and unpaid.
83:45:30You are expected to give first.
83:45:45The sensible easy path is to lean back,
83:45:50thank them politely, and return to what
83:45:53is comfortable.
83:46:04That's amazing. Now we want to speak
83:46:06what you have read and listened.
83:46:09Are you expected
83:46:12to give first?
83:46:21Yes,
83:46:22you are expected to give first
83:46:28is the sensible path to accept
83:46:32or to lean back.
83:46:41The sensible easy path is to lean back
83:46:46and thank them politely.
83:46:50What does someone who knows more ask
83:46:54for?
83:47:02They ask for something hard,
83:47:05long,
83:47:07and unpaid.
83:47:11>> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the
83:47:14story.
83:47:15Accepting a hard challenge from a good
83:47:18mentor
83:47:20can shape the next 20 years of your
83:47:23life.
83:47:32Sooner or later, a teacher may ask you
83:47:35for an essay every day.
83:47:39You will be expected to accept honest
83:47:42corrections.
83:47:56A quick check before we move on. I want
83:47:58you to answer these questions.
83:48:01>> Can a hard challenge shape the next 20
83:48:06years?
83:48:14Yes,
83:48:16it can shape the next 20 years of your
83:48:19life.
83:48:21Will you be expected to hide mistakes or
83:48:26accept honest corrections?
83:48:36You will be expected to accept honest
83:48:40corrections.
83:48:43What may a teacher ask you for sooner or
83:48:47later?
83:48:55Sooner or later, a teacher may ask you
83:48:58for an essay every day.
83:49:03Now this is the time for the ending of
83:49:05the story and here's the important the
83:49:07most important part basically. Let's
83:49:09continue. or a coach may ask you to
83:49:13speak only English for a month
83:49:18even when it feels embarrassing.
83:49:31Picture yourself saying yes to that
83:49:34apprenticeship this week, then opening
83:49:38your notebook the next morning.
83:49:53Awesome. This is the final questions for
83:49:56this one. Go ahead. I don't want you to
83:49:57leave anything on the table. Try to
83:49:59answer every single question. Go ahead.
83:50:03>> Might a coach ask you to speak
83:50:07only English?
83:50:16Yes.
83:50:18A coach may ask you to speak only
83:50:21English for a month.
83:50:24Do you say yes this week or next year?
83:50:35You say yes to that apprenticeship
83:50:39this week.
83:50:41What do you open the next morning?
83:50:49You open your notebook the next morning.
83:51:00The grammar we practice today be
83:51:03supposed to be expected to. According to
83:51:07Hill, the interview was supposed to be
83:51:09short.
83:51:12Hill was expected to work unpaid.
83:51:18You are supposed to take the job that
83:51:20pays.
83:51:23You are expected to give first.
83:51:33Congratulations.
83:51:35You practiced 472
83:51:37words in this story and you learned a
83:51:40lot.
83:51:43>> Well done.
83:51:45And here's the thing.
83:51:47English, you are constantly learning
83:51:50something new. You're learning how to
83:51:52think in an ambitious way.
83:52:05And that's amazing.
83:52:14Just just listen to what happened.
83:52:35YouTube.
83:52:52foreign.
83:53:21fordul.
83:53:50foreign.
83:54:20Forech.
83:54:48Forech. forchech.
83:55:18foreign.
83:56:03Alhamdulillah.
83:56:06Alhamdulillah.
83:56:15for
83:56:25English.
83:56:39Awesome.
83:57:02It's something amazing. It's something
83:57:03totally crazy.
83:57:13Thinking fast and slow. Let's get into
83:57:16the story. Two Minds at lunch.
83:57:20>> Two Minds at lunch from the book
83:57:23Thinking Fast and Slow by Daniel
83:57:27Carnean.
83:57:30Seminar
83:57:32joint
83:57:34famously
83:57:36end up
83:57:39thinker
83:57:41and noi
83:57:43economics
83:57:47race ahead
83:57:50grow out of
83:57:52predictable
83:57:56two men
83:57:59one University in Jerusalem.
83:58:03Two completely different ways of
83:58:06thinking.
83:58:19The first was Carnean, the doubter of
83:58:23the pair.
83:58:25He questioned almost everything,
83:58:27including his own best ideas.
83:58:43Now, we're going to hear a question. I
83:58:45want you to answer it loudly in full
83:58:49sentences. Okay, let's go.
83:58:53Did the two men think in the same way?
83:59:04No,
83:59:06they had two completely different ways
83:59:09of thinking.
83:59:12Was Carnean the doubter or the winner of
83:59:16the pair?
83:59:21Carnean was the doubter of the pair.
83:59:26What did Carnean question?
83:59:36He questioned almost everything,
83:59:40including his own best ideas.
83:59:45>> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep
83:59:48moving.
83:59:50He worried and often changed his mind.
83:59:54His doubts made him careful. Yet, they
83:59:58could also slow him down.
84:00:11The second was Amoski,
84:00:14a fast and famously confident thinker
84:00:18who loved a good argument and usually
84:00:21won it.
84:00:34All right, time to prove you're
84:00:36focusing. Let's jump into it.
84:00:40>> Was a famously confident thinker?
84:00:51Yes, Tverki was a fast and famously
84:00:56confident thinker.
84:00:59Did Carnean's doubts make him careless
84:01:03or careful?
84:01:08His doubts made him careful.
84:01:13What did Ferski love?
84:01:21He loved a good argument
84:01:25and he usually won it. Awesome.
84:01:29Great job. Let's keep up the story.
84:01:33>> Whereas Carneaman saw problems, Terski
84:01:37saw puzzles.
84:01:40Whereas one of them hesitated, the other
84:01:43raced ahead.
84:01:57They worked at the same university, yet
84:02:00for years they had followed separate
84:02:02paths in psychology.
84:02:13>> Now the floor is yours. Let's go.
84:02:17Did Ferski race ahead?
84:02:27Yes.
84:02:29Whereas Carnean hesitated, Traverski
84:02:33raced ahead.
84:02:35Did Caraman see puzzles or problems?
84:02:46Whereas Carnean saw problems,
84:02:49Tverki saw puzzles.
84:02:53What had they followed for years?
84:03:02For years they had followed separate
84:03:04paths in psychology.
84:03:08>> Nice one. Let's continue.
84:03:12In 1969,
84:03:14Carnean invited Ferski to speak as a
84:03:17guest at a seminar that he was teaching.
84:03:30Turski presented research suggesting
84:03:33that ordinary people are fairly good at
84:03:36judging chance, almost like natural
84:03:39statisticians. Awesome.
84:03:53Now it's speaking turn.
84:03:56>> Did Caraman invite Ferski
84:03:59to his seminar?
84:04:09Yes.
84:04:11In 1969,
84:04:13Carnean invited Turski to speak at a
84:04:17seminar.
84:04:19Was Turski a student
84:04:23or a guest at the seminar?
84:04:30Turski was a guest at the seminar.
84:04:35What did Ferski's research
84:04:39suggest?
84:04:48It suggested that ordinary people are
84:04:51fairly good at judging chance.
84:04:56>> Now relax your voice and let's continue
84:04:59listening.
84:05:00Carnean did not believe it and he said
84:05:03so.
84:05:06Their disagreement did not end in the
84:05:08seminar room.
84:05:10It continued over lunch.
84:05:25At lunch, they ask themselves an honest
84:05:29question.
84:05:31Were they two trained researchers really
84:05:35good at judging chance?
84:05:51Great speaking time. Now let's jump into
84:05:55the speaking time.
84:05:57>> Did Caraman
84:05:59believe the research?
84:06:08No,
84:06:10Carnean did not believe it and he said
84:06:13so.
84:06:15Did the disagreement end in the seminar
84:06:18room or continue over lunch?
84:06:29It did not end in the seminar room.
84:06:33It continued over lunch.
84:06:38What did they ask themselves at lunch?
84:06:49They asked if they, two trained
84:06:52researchers, were really good at judging
84:06:57chance.
84:07:00>> Okay, now listening mode.
84:07:03Despite all their training, they agreed
84:07:06that they were not.
84:07:09So they decided to test other experts
84:07:13too.
84:07:25The experts made the same errors.
84:07:30Their first joint paper grew out of that
84:07:33lunch, and so did a partnership that
84:07:37lasted many years.
84:07:52>> Awesome. Quiz time. Let's jump into it.
84:07:56Despite their training,
84:07:58were they good at judging chance?
84:08:10No.
84:08:12Despite all their training, they agreed
84:08:15that they were not.
84:08:17Did the experts make different errors or
84:08:22the same errors?
84:08:29The experts made the same errors.
84:08:34What grew out of that lunch?
84:08:44Their first joint paper grew out of that
84:08:47lunch.
84:08:50>> Great job. Now, back to the story.
84:08:53A warrior and a winner sound like a bad
84:08:57match.
84:08:59People so different often end up
84:09:02annoying each other.
84:09:14The opposite happened.
84:09:18Whereas Tverki was a night person,
84:09:21Carnean was a morning person. So they
84:09:24met for lunch and talked for hours.
84:09:40Here's where you do the talking. Go
84:09:43ahead and talk and build me full
84:09:46sentences.
84:09:48Two very different people often end up
84:09:52annoying each other.
84:10:00Yes,
84:10:02people so different often end up
84:10:05annoying each other.
84:10:09Was Tverki a night person or a morning
84:10:13person?
84:10:21Whereas Tverki was a night person,
84:10:25Carnean was a morning person.
84:10:29Where did they meet and talk for hours?
84:10:36They met for lunch and talked for hours.
84:10:42>> Now story is calling us. Let's continue.
84:10:46They famously wrote together sentence by
84:10:49sentence until they could not always say
84:10:52which idea had come from whom.
84:11:05Carnean's doubts found the weak spots in
84:11:08Tverk's ideas.
84:11:11Traverski's confidence turned Carnean's
84:11:14careful questions into bold answers.
84:11:31Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to
84:11:33answer the questions?
84:11:35Did they famously write together?
84:11:46Yes,
84:11:48they famously wrote together sentence by
84:11:52sentence.
84:11:54Did Carnean's doubts find weak spots or
84:11:59strong points?
84:12:06Carnean's doubts found the weak spots in
84:12:09Tverk's ideas.
84:12:12What did Tverk's confidence turn
84:12:15Carnean's questions into?
84:12:24It turned Carnean's careful questions
84:12:26into bold answers.
84:12:31Great answers. Let's see what happens
84:12:33now.
84:12:35>> Together, they showed why intelligent
84:12:38people make the same predictable
84:12:42mistakes
84:12:44again and again.
84:12:58In 2002,
84:13:00despite being a psychologist, Carnean
84:13:03received the Nobel Prize in economics.
84:13:08Terski had died 6 [applause] years
84:13:10earlier.
84:13:24>> Now test yourself.
84:13:27Despite being a psychologist,
84:13:31did Carnean win a Nobel Prize?
84:13:41Yes.
84:13:44Despite being a psychologist,
84:13:46Carnean received the Nobel Prize in
84:13:49Economics.
84:13:51Did they study predictable mistakes
84:13:55or rare mistakes?
84:14:05They showed why intelligent people make
84:14:08the same predictable mistakes.
84:14:12What had happened to Turski by then?
84:14:17[clears throat]
84:14:19Terski had died 6 years earlier.
84:14:24>> See, English is already coming out of
84:14:27you. Now listen and let's continue.
84:14:31>> Carnean made it clear that he saw that
84:14:34economics prize as a joint one earned by
84:14:39the two of them.
84:14:50Neither man would have reached it alone.
84:14:55The right partner is not a thinker
84:14:58exactly like you.
84:15:02The right partner doubles your thinking.
84:15:18A quick check before we move on. I want
84:15:21you to answer these questions.
84:15:24>> Did Caraman see it as his prize alone?
84:15:36No,
84:15:38he saw that economics prize as a joint
84:15:42one.
84:15:43Is the right partner a thinker exactly
84:15:47like you or not?
84:15:56The right partner is not a thinker
84:15:59exactly like you.
84:16:02What does the right partner do?
84:16:08[clears throat]
84:16:10The right partner doubles your thinking.
84:16:16>> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's
84:16:19keep it up and jump into the story.
84:16:23>> Picture your own English next month.
84:16:27You have one study partner,
84:16:30someone who notices exactly what you
84:16:33miss.
84:16:46Twice a week you meet for 20 minutes.
84:16:50Real progress can grow out of one
84:16:53sentence, one word, or one rule.
84:17:07Okay, voice is up. Now, here comes the
84:17:11questions.
84:17:12>> Do you have one study partner?
84:17:23Yes,
84:17:25you have one study partner, someone who
84:17:28notices what you miss.
84:17:32Do you meet twice a week or every day?
84:17:41You meet twice a week for 20 minutes.
84:17:45What can real progress grow out of?
84:17:56It can grow out of one sentence, one
84:17:59word or one rule.
84:18:03>> Now, this is the final part. I want you
84:18:05to focus and jump into it.
84:18:08>> You explain and they doubt.
84:18:12They race ahead and you check in spite
84:18:16of the small things that annoy you.
84:18:30By the end of the month, you end up
84:18:33catching predictable mistakes that
84:18:36neither of you could have seen alone.
84:18:49Last questions. Finish the story with
84:18:53the best answers possible.
84:18:56>> Do you check in spite of the small
84:18:59things that annoy you?
84:19:09Yes,
84:19:10you check.
84:19:13In spite of the small things that annoy
84:19:15you,
84:19:17who races ahead, you or your partner,
84:19:28they race ahead
84:19:31and you check.
84:19:34What do you end up catching?
84:19:44You end up catching predictable mistakes
84:19:48that neither of you could have seen
84:19:50alone.
84:19:59The grammar we practice today despite.
84:20:02In spite of whereas whereas Carneaman
84:20:06saw problems, Traverski saw puzzles.
84:20:13Whereas one of them hesitated, the other
84:20:16raced ahead.
84:20:19Despite all their training, they agreed
84:20:21that they were not.
84:20:25Whereas Tesky was a night person,
84:20:28Carnean was a morning person. So they
84:20:30met for lunch and talked for hours.
84:20:40Congratulations.
84:20:42You practiced 451
84:20:44words in this story and you learned a
84:20:47lot.
84:20:49That's amazing. If you notice something,
84:21:04and you're doing it at the same time.
84:21:06That's such a great accomplishment.
84:21:23The seven habits of highly effective
84:21:26people.
84:21:41for
84:21:58let's get into the story behind
84:22:02>> behind from the book the seven habits of
84:22:06highly effective people by Steven RV
84:22:11Inadequate.
84:22:14Embarrass.
84:22:16Insist.
84:22:19Pace.
84:22:21Blossom.
84:22:23Warmly.
84:22:25Cheer.
84:22:28Step back.
84:22:30Deep down.
84:22:33Swing.
84:22:36A baseball field.
84:22:38A group of boys
84:22:41and a small thin boy waiting for the
84:22:44ball
84:22:46with his bat raised.
84:23:00The ball has hardly left the pitcher's
84:23:03hand. When he swings,
84:23:07he misses. And some of the other boys
84:23:10laugh.
84:23:24Now, we're going to hear a question. I
84:23:26want you to answer it loudly in full
84:23:30sentences. Okay, let's go.
84:23:34Does the boy hit the ball?
84:23:45No.
84:23:46He swings and misses
84:23:50and some of the other boys laugh.
84:23:54Is the boy small and thin or big and
84:24:01strong?
84:24:06He is a small thin boy.
84:24:10When does he swing?
84:24:18He swings when the ball has hardly left
84:24:21the pitcher's hand.
84:24:24>> That was amazing. Now, let's continue
84:24:27and enjoy the story. His parents are
84:24:31Steven and Sandra Cvy and he is one of
84:24:34their sons.
84:24:44Years later, Cave shared this painful
84:24:47chapter near the start of the seven
84:24:50habits of highly effective people.
84:25:04Awesome. Quiz time. Let's jump into it.
84:25:08>> Is he one of the CVY's sons?
84:25:18Yes.
84:25:20His parents are Steven and Sandra Cavy.
84:25:24and he is one of their sons.
84:25:28Did KVY share this chapter near the
84:25:31start or the end?
84:25:41He shared it near the start of the seven
84:25:44habits of highly effective people.
84:25:49What kind of chapter was it?
84:25:56It was a painful chapter.
84:26:01>> Okay, now listening mode.
84:26:04>> The boy was struggling almost
84:26:06everywhere.
84:26:09At school, he often could not even
84:26:11follow a test's instructions.
84:26:23With other children, he seemed young for
84:26:26his age, and he sometimes embarrassed
84:26:29those closest to him.
84:26:40That's amazing. Now, you want to speak
84:26:43what you have read and listened. Could
84:26:46the boy follow a test's instructions?
84:26:57No.
84:27:00At school, he often could not even
84:27:03follow a tests instructions.
84:27:07Did he seem old or young for his age?
84:27:16He seemed young for his age.
84:27:21Whom did he sometimes
84:27:23embarrass?
84:27:29He sometimes embarrassed those closest
84:27:33to him.
84:27:36So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen.
84:27:39His worried parents did what loving
84:27:43parents usually do.
84:27:46They tried very hard to help.
84:27:59They cheered him on and whenever he
84:28:02improved a little, they praised him
84:28:04warmly.
84:28:13When others laughed, they told them to
84:28:16leave him alone because he was still
84:28:19learning.
84:28:28Speaking time, I don't want you to
84:28:30overthink it. Just open your mouth and
84:28:32just talk whatever you remember from the
84:28:35story.
84:28:36Did his parents do what loving parents
84:28:41usually do?
84:28:49Yes,
84:28:51his worried parents did what loving
84:28:54parents usually do.
84:28:58Did they praise him warmly
84:29:01or coldly?
84:29:06They praised him warmly.
84:29:11What did they do when he improved a
84:29:14little?
84:29:20They cheered him on and praised him
84:29:24warmly.
84:29:27>> Now, Story's calling us. Let's continue.
84:29:30You might think this was exactly the
84:29:33right thing to do.
84:29:36Most of us would have done the same.
84:29:46Yet nothing improved.
84:29:50The boy would cry, insisting he would
84:29:53never be good at baseball and did not
84:29:56even like it.
84:30:11Let's see what stayed in your mind.
84:30:14Let's go.
84:30:16>> Did things
84:30:17improve?
84:30:24No,
84:30:26nothing improved.
84:30:30Did the boy insist he liked baseball
84:30:34or did not like it?
84:30:41He insisted he did not even like it.
84:30:46What would most of us have done?
84:30:54Most of us would have done the same.
84:30:59>> Now, back to the story.
84:31:03>> So, the covies stopped and looked
84:31:06honestly at themselves rather than at
84:31:09their son.
84:31:20What they found was uncomfortable.
84:31:24Deep down they had been seeing him as
84:31:28inadequate,
84:31:29somehow behind the others.
84:31:46Spotlight now is on you. I want you to
84:31:48answer the questions by actually
84:31:51talking. Let's go.
84:31:54>> Was what they found comfortable?
84:32:04>> No.
84:32:06What they found was uncomfortable.
84:32:10Did they look at their son
84:32:12or at themselves?
84:32:21They looked honestly at themselves
84:32:25rather than at their son.
84:32:28How had they been seeing him deep down?
84:32:39Deep down, they had been seeing him as
84:32:43inadequate.
84:32:46>> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's
84:32:49keep it up and jump into the story.
84:32:53>> The fact that they saw him as inadequate
84:32:56was the real problem.
84:33:00Every kind word carried it.
84:33:13Even when they cheered, the silent
84:33:16message was that he could not manage
84:33:19alone.
84:33:28All right, time to prove your focusing.
84:33:31Let's jump into it.
84:33:34>> Was the real problem
84:33:36the fact that they saw him as
84:33:40inadequate?
84:33:49Yes.
84:33:51The fact that they saw him as inadequate
84:33:54was the real problem.
84:33:58Was the silent message that he could
84:34:01manage alone
84:34:03or not?
84:34:12The silent message was
84:34:15that he could not manage alone.
84:34:20What did every kind word carry?
84:34:30Every kind word carried the fact that
84:34:35they saw him as inadequate.
84:34:40>> Nice one. Let's continue.
84:34:44>> So they decided to change how they saw
84:34:47him before changing anything he did.
84:34:58They stepped back and got out of his
84:35:01way.
84:35:03They stopped comparing him with other
84:35:05children and simply enjoyed him.
84:35:21Okay, let's pause for a second. Now, I'm
84:35:23going to ask you questions. Now, it's
84:35:24over to you to answer them.
84:35:27>> Did they
84:35:29step back?
84:35:37Yes.
84:35:39They stepped back and got out of his
84:35:42way.
84:35:44Did they compare him with other children
84:35:48or simply enjoy him?
84:35:58They stopped comparing him and simply
84:36:03enjoyed him. [clears throat]
84:36:05What did they decide to change first?
84:36:15They decided to change
84:36:17how they saw him.
84:36:22>> Good job. Let's continue the story.
84:36:25>> It was not easy.
84:36:28It meant watching him struggle and
84:36:31trusting that he had what he needed
84:36:33inside him.
84:36:45Slowly the boy began to change.
84:36:49He grew more confident and moved forward
84:36:53at his own pace.
84:37:06Awesome. Now it's speaking turn.
84:37:09>> Was it easy?
84:37:16No, it was not easy.
84:37:20Did he move forward at his own pace
84:37:24or at others pace?
84:37:31He moved forward at his own pace.
84:37:36What did they trust?
84:37:45They trusted that he had what he needed
84:37:48inside him.
84:37:51>> See, English is already coming out of
84:37:54you. Now listen and let's continue.
84:37:58>> In the years that followed, he blossomed
84:38:01in his studies with friends
84:38:05and as an athlete.
84:38:11[cheering]
84:38:18Look again at that baseball field.
84:38:22The same boy swings, the same children
84:38:26laugh,
84:38:28and it is a different story.
84:38:43Okay, questions time.
84:38:46Did the boy
84:38:49blossom?
84:38:57Yes.
84:38:59In the years that followed, he
84:39:02blossomed.
84:39:05Did he blossom only in his studies or
84:39:09also as an athlete?
84:39:18He blossomed in his studies with friends
84:39:23and as an athlete.
84:39:26What does the same boy do on the field?
84:39:36The same boy swings and it is a
84:39:40different story.
84:39:43Great answers. Let's see what happens
84:39:45now.
84:39:47>> Part of the problem had been in the eyes
84:39:50of the people who loved him.
84:39:58How we see people quietly shapes how
84:40:01they grow and that includes how we see
84:40:05ourselves.
84:40:17Did that make sense? Now let's check.
84:40:20Was part of the problem in the eyes of
84:40:23those who loved him?
84:40:32Yes.
84:40:34Part of the problem had been in the eyes
84:40:37of the people who loved him.
84:40:41Does how we see people shape how they
84:40:45grow
84:40:46or not.
84:40:54How we see people quietly shapes how
84:40:59they grow.
84:41:01What else does it include?
84:41:08It includes
84:41:10how we see ourselves.
84:41:15>> All right, let's see if you've guessed
84:41:17it right. Let's go to the next part of
84:41:19the story.
84:41:21>> Think of the learners around you. A
84:41:24younger brother, a classmate,
84:41:28a colleague embarrassed by their
84:41:30English.
84:41:42If they sense that you see them as
84:41:45behind,
84:41:47even help given warmly may tell them
84:41:50they cannot do it.
84:42:05Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to
84:42:07answer the questions?
84:42:09>> Might a colleague be embarrassed by
84:42:12their English?
84:42:19Yes,
84:42:21a colleague may be embarrassed by their
84:42:24English.
84:42:26Can help given warmly still hurt or
84:42:31never.
84:42:38Even help given warmly may tell them
84:42:42they cannot do it.
84:42:45What might they sense?
84:42:50[sighs]
84:42:53They might sense that you see them as
84:42:56behind.
84:42:59That's it. This is the last part of the
84:43:01story. Give it your best.
84:43:04>> And when you look at your own English,
84:43:07step back and stop insisting that it is
84:43:10not good enough.
84:43:20Deep down what you have is not a weak
84:43:25student.
84:43:27It is a learner who can blossom
84:43:30at a different pace.
84:43:45All right, final questions. I want you
84:43:48to answer full sentences and let's go.
84:43:52>> Should you keep insisting
84:43:56your English is not good enough?
84:44:06>> No. Oh,
84:44:09>> step back and stop insisting that it is
84:44:13not good enough.
84:44:15Is what you have a weak student or a
84:44:20learner.
84:44:27What you have is not a weak student.
84:44:32It is a learner.
84:44:34At what pace can you blossom?
84:44:44You can blossom
84:44:46at a different pace.
84:44:55The grammar we practice today, noun
84:44:58clauses. His worried parents did what
84:45:01loving parents usually do.
84:45:06What they found was uncomfortable.
84:45:11The fact that they saw him as inadequate
84:45:14was the real problem.
84:45:18Even when they cheered, the silent
84:45:20message was that he could not manage
84:45:23alone.
84:45:31Congratulations.
84:45:33You practiced 467
84:45:36words in this story and you learned a
84:45:38lot.
84:45:41>> Honestly, well done.
84:45:48And uh this is the important thing. You
84:45:50you're you're improving your English.
84:45:52You're improving your mindset and that's
84:45:54going to make you a undestroyable
84:45:58man or or like undestroyable guy. So
84:46:02that's amazing.
84:46:06The everything store
84:46:28And now let's jump into the story Put
84:46:31Yourself Out of Work.
84:46:33>> Put yourself out of work from the book
84:46:36The Everything Store by Brad Stone.
84:46:41device.
84:46:43Artificial intelligence.
84:46:47Sell out.
84:46:49Digital
84:46:52out of work.
84:46:55Physical.
84:46:57Disrupt.
84:46:59The heart of
84:47:02foresight.
84:47:04Outdated.
84:47:07A paper book is a simple beautiful
84:47:11object.
84:47:14In 2004,
84:47:17it was also the heart of Amazon's
84:47:20business.
84:47:34Amazon had begun by selling books
84:47:36online.
84:47:37And books were still the part everyone
84:47:40understood best.
84:47:51No one word answer. I don't want you to
84:47:53give me like ah small answers. I want
84:47:55you to give me full sentences aloud. And
84:47:58when you're going to hear and listen to
84:47:59the sentence, repeat it yourself. Okay,
84:48:03let's go. Was the paper book the heart
84:48:08of Amazon's business?
84:48:18Yes.
84:48:20In 2004,
84:48:22it was also the heart of Amazon's
84:48:25business.
84:48:27Had Amazon begun by selling books
84:48:32or by selling shoes?
84:48:41Amazon had begun by selling books
84:48:44online.
84:48:47Which part did everyone understand best?
84:48:58books were still the part everyone
84:49:01understood best.
84:49:05>> Great job. Now, back to the story.
84:49:08>> Brad Stone describes what happened next
84:49:12in the Everything Store. His account of
84:49:15Jeff Bezos.
84:49:26Steve Kessle ran Amazon's media business
84:49:30led by books, a large and successful
84:49:33part of the company.
84:49:45A quick check before we move on. I want
84:49:48you to answer these questions.
84:49:51>> Does Brad Stone describe what happened
84:49:55next?
84:50:03Yes.
84:50:05Brad Stone describes what happened next
84:50:09in the Everything Store.
84:50:12Did Kessle run the via business or the
84:50:16shipping?
84:50:23Steve Kessle ran Amazon's media business
84:50:27led by books.
84:50:30What was Kessle's business led by?
84:50:41It was led by books,
84:50:44a large and successful part of the
84:50:46company.
84:50:49>> See, English is already coming out of
84:50:51you. Now listen and let's continue.
84:50:55>> Bezos, meanwhile, was worried.
84:50:59Apple had just shown how fast one
84:51:02digital device could disrupt an old
84:51:05market.
84:51:17He had also been reading about strong
84:51:20companies made outdated by new
84:51:23technology they refused to take
84:51:26seriously.
84:51:39Speaking time, I don't want you to
84:51:41overthink it. Just open your mouth and
84:51:43just talk whatever you remember from the
84:51:46story.
84:51:47>> Was Bezos
84:51:49calm?
84:51:57>> No.
84:51:59Bezos, meanwhile, was worried.
84:52:03Could one digital device disrupt an old
84:52:07market or protect it?
84:52:17Apple had shown how fast one digital
84:52:20device could disrupt an old market.
84:52:24What made strong companies outdate?
84:52:35New technology they refused to take
84:52:38seriously made them outdated.
84:52:43>> Here's Odd. Now let's come to the next
84:52:45part.
84:52:47>> In his view, digital books would come
84:52:50whatever Amazon did and he wanted Amazon
84:52:54to be the one that brought them.
84:53:06So he called Kessle in and made him a
84:53:10surprising offer, the kind that changes
84:53:14a career.
84:53:26Let's see what stayed in your mind.
84:53:29Let's go.
84:53:31>> Would digital books come
84:53:34whatever Amazon did.
84:53:43Yes.
84:53:45In his view, digital books would come
84:53:49whatever Amazon did.
84:53:53Did Bezos want Amazon
84:53:57or Arrival to bring digital books?
84:54:00[sighs]
84:54:05He wanted Amazon to be the one that
84:54:07brought them.
84:54:09What did Bezos make Kessle?
84:54:19He made Kessle a surprising offer, the
84:54:24kind that changes a career.
84:54:28>> Good job. Let's continue the story.
84:54:31>> Imagine you are Kessle.
84:54:35You run the biggest, most familiar part
84:54:38of the company and your results look
84:54:40good.
84:54:52Then your boss asks you to leave it all
84:54:56and lead a tiny new group with no
84:54:59product yet.
84:55:11Let's hear you. Now it's your turn to
84:55:12speak.
84:55:14>> Do you run a small part of the company?
84:55:24No. You run the biggest, most familiar
84:55:28part of the company.
84:55:31Does your boss ask you to stay or to
84:55:35leave it all?
84:55:44Your boss asks you to leave it all and
84:55:48lead a tiny new group.
84:55:52What does the tiny new group not have
84:55:55yet?
84:56:01The tiny new group has no product yet.
84:56:07Now story is calling us. Let's continue.
84:56:11>> What would the job be?
84:56:15>> You would expect something safe like
84:56:18selling digital books beside paper ones.
84:56:33The real instruction was far more
84:56:37shocking.
84:56:40Bezos told him to work as if his goal
84:56:42were to put everyone selling physical
84:56:46books out of work.
84:57:02Every sentence,
84:57:04speak it out loud. Okay, let's go.
84:57:08>> Was the real instruction safe?
84:57:18No,
84:57:19the real instruction was far more
84:57:22shocking.
84:57:24Should Kessle protect physical books or
84:57:29put their sellers out of work?
84:57:38Bezos told him to put everyone selling
84:57:42physical books out of work.
84:57:46What job would you expect?
84:57:56You would expect something safe like
84:57:59selling digital books beside paper ones.
84:58:03Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep
84:58:06moving.
84:58:08>> That included Amazon.
84:58:11Whatever the new team built would
84:58:14disrupt the heart of the business.
84:58:17Kessle had just been running.
84:58:32Kessle accepted.
84:58:35He started almost from nothing with a
84:58:38small group of engineers in California.
84:58:50>> Awesome. Now it's speaking turn.
84:58:55Did the instruction include
84:58:59Amazon?
84:59:07Yes, that included Amazon.
84:59:12Would whatever the team built
84:59:16protect
84:59:18or disrupt Kessle's business.
84:59:29Whatever the new team built would
84:59:32disrupt the heart of the business
84:59:36Kessle had been running.
84:59:39Where were Kessle's engineers?
84:59:48He started with a small group of
84:59:50engineers
84:59:52in California.
84:59:56>> Okay, now listening mode.
84:59:59>> The work took years.
85:00:02The early devices were hard to build and
85:00:06the digital books were hard to get from
85:00:09nervous publishers.
85:00:22in November 2007.
85:00:25Amazon launched the Kindle.
85:00:28[clears throat]
85:00:29The first stock sold out [applause]
85:00:32within hours.
85:00:46Okay, speaking time. Speak your mind.
85:00:50>> Were the early devices
85:00:53easy to build?
85:01:01No,
85:01:02the early devices were hard to build.
85:01:07Did the first stock sell out within
85:01:10hours
85:01:12or within weeks?
85:01:19The first stock sold out within hours.
85:01:25When did Amazon launch the Kindle?
85:01:35Amazon launched the Kindle
85:01:38in November 2007.
85:01:44>> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen.
85:01:48>> A few years later, Amazon was selling
85:01:51more digital books than paper ones on
85:01:54its own website.
85:01:57The foresight had paid off.
85:02:12The physical book did not disappear and
85:02:15popular paper books still sell out.
85:02:20Amazon simply owned the change instead
85:02:24of being hit by it.
85:02:38Okay, let's pause for a second. Now I'm
85:02:41going to ask you questions. Now it's
85:02:42over to you to answer them.
85:02:45>> Did the foresight pay off?
85:02:55Yes, the foresight had paid off.
85:03:00Did the physical book disappear
85:03:04or stay?
85:03:09The physical book did not disappear.
85:03:14What was Amazon selling more of a few
85:03:18years later?
85:03:25Amazon was selling more digital books
85:03:28than paper ones.
85:03:31>> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the
85:03:34story.
85:03:35>> Replace yourself before someone else
85:03:39does
85:03:41and do it while the old you is still
85:03:44winning.
85:03:56This kind of foresight matters even more
85:03:59today as artificial intelligence already
85:04:03does parts of many people's jobs.
85:04:19Speaking time. Try answering with words
85:04:22you just heard. Go ahead.
85:04:26>> Should you replace yourself
85:04:29before someone else does?
85:04:39Yes.
85:04:42Replace yourself before someone else
85:04:44does.
85:04:46Should you do it while you are winning
85:04:51or after you lose?
85:04:58Do it while the old you is still
85:05:01winning.
85:05:03what already does parts of many people's
85:05:06jobs.
85:05:15Artificial intelligence already does
85:05:18parts of many people's jobs.
85:05:23>> Great answers. Let's see what happens
85:05:25now.
85:05:26>> The safest person is not the one who
85:05:29guards outdated skills.
85:05:34It is whoever builds tomorrow's skills
85:05:37early.
85:05:51Picture this with your English.
85:05:54The old you translates every sentence
85:05:57from Arabic before daring to speak.
85:06:12Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to
85:06:14answer the questions?
85:06:16>> Is the safest person the one who guards
85:06:20outdate skills?
85:06:30No.
85:06:32The safest person is whoever builds
85:06:35tomorrow's skills early.
85:06:39Is it whoever builds skills early
85:06:44or whoever builds them late?
85:06:52It is whoever builds tomorrow's skills
85:06:56early.
85:06:58What does the old you do before daring
85:07:02to speak?
85:07:10The old you translates every sentence
85:07:14from Arabic.
85:07:17>> Now, this is the last part. Let's bring
85:07:19it home.
85:07:21The new you practices thinking directly
85:07:24in English for 10 minutes every morning,
85:07:28however slow and clumsy it feels.
85:07:43Somewhere artificial intelligence is
85:07:46already learning to do what the old you
85:07:50does.
85:07:52Whenever it arrives,
85:07:54let it find the new you already gone.
85:08:11Let the new you put the old you out of
85:08:15work before the world does it for you.
85:08:28Last questions. Finish the story with
85:08:32the best answers possible.
85:08:35>> Does the new you practice
85:08:38however slow it feels?
85:08:48Yes,
85:08:50the new you practices every morning,
85:08:54however slow and clumsy it feels.
85:08:59Should artificial intelligence find the
85:09:02old you or the new you?
85:09:13Whenever it arrives, let it find the new
85:09:17you already gone.
85:09:20Who should put the old you out of work?
85:09:30Let the new you put the old you out of
85:09:35work.
85:09:43the grammar we practice today ever
85:09:46words. In his view, digital books would
85:09:51come whatever Amazon did. And he wanted
85:09:54Amazon to be the one that brought them.
85:09:59Whatever the new team built would
85:10:01disrupt the heart of the business Kessle
85:10:04had just been running.
85:10:07It is whoever builds tomorrow's skills
85:10:11early.
85:10:14The new you practices thinking directly
85:10:16in English for 10 minutes every morning,
85:10:19however slow and clumsy it feels.
85:10:29Congratulations.
85:10:30You practiced 468
85:10:33words in this story and you learned a
85:10:36lot.
85:10:38>> See, that wasn't hard.
85:10:48This is amazing. Let's keep it up.
85:10:55for
85:11:13what's the difference? Let's go.
85:11:15>> Three questions from the book Blink by
85:11:19Malcolm Gladwell.
85:11:22Analyze.
85:11:24Unstable.
85:11:27Overweight.
85:11:29Confuse.
85:11:32Typical.
85:11:34Mathematician.
85:11:37Blood pressure.
85:11:40Emergency room.
85:11:42Heart attack.
85:11:45Fluid.
85:11:48Look at this scene.
85:11:51A typical case in any emergency room.
85:11:56A man sits among the crowd holding his
85:12:00chest.
85:12:04[sighs and snorts]
85:12:14The pain comes
85:12:16and goes.
85:12:19He is overweight and he has smoked for
85:12:22years.
85:12:35That's amazing. I want you to listen to
85:12:38the questions and answer in sentences.
85:12:42Build full sentences, not just words.
85:12:44Okay, let's go.
85:12:47Is the man
85:12:49overweight?
85:12:52[clears throat]
85:12:58Yes,
85:13:00he is overweight
85:13:02and he has smoked for years.
85:13:07Is this a typical case or a rare case?
85:13:18It is a typical case
85:13:21in any emergency room.
85:13:25What is the man holding?
85:13:34A man sits among the crowd holding his
85:13:39chest.
85:13:42Now, back to the story.
85:13:44>> Is it a heart attack?
85:13:48If you were the doctor and sent him home
85:13:50wrongly,
85:13:52he could die.
85:14:03If it is not a heart attack and you keep
85:14:06him,
85:14:08you have taken a bed. Someone else
85:14:10needed
85:14:21speaking time. I don't want you to
85:14:23overthink it. Just open your mouth and
85:14:26just talk whatever you remember from the
85:14:28story.
85:14:30>> Could he die if you sent him home
85:14:33wrongly?
85:14:42Yes.
85:14:43If you sent him home wrongly, he could
85:14:47die.
85:14:49If it is not a heart attack, do you save
85:14:52a bed or take one?
85:15:01You have taken a bed.
85:15:04someone else needed.
85:15:07What is the big question?
85:15:16The big question is this.
85:15:20Is it a heart attack?
85:15:24>> That was amazing. Now, let's continue
85:15:27and enjoy the story.
85:15:29In the 1990s,
85:15:31this was the daily puzzle at Cook County
85:15:34Hospital, which served Chicago's poorest
85:15:37people.
85:15:48Money was short, beds were few,
85:15:52and chest pain patients arrived every
85:15:56single day.
85:16:08Now the floor is yours. Let's go.
85:16:12>> Did chest pain patients arrive every
85:16:16single day?
85:16:25Yes.
85:16:26Chest pain patients arrived every single
85:16:30day.
85:16:32Was money short or plentiful?
85:16:40Money was short and beds were few.
85:16:45Who did Cook County Hospital serve?
85:16:52It served Chicago's poorest people.
85:16:58Great answers. Let's see what happens
85:17:00now.
85:17:02>> The new head of medicine, Brendan Riley,
85:17:05studied how each doctor decided
85:17:09and did not like it.
85:17:21When the same patient was described to
85:17:24different doctors, their answers were
85:17:27all over the place.
85:17:38>> Awesome. Now it's speaking turn.
85:17:41>> Did Riley study how each doctor decided
85:17:53Yes.
85:17:55He studied how each doctor decided
85:17:59and did not like it.
85:18:02Were the doctor's answers the same
85:18:06or all over the place?
85:18:13Their answers were all over the place.
85:18:17What was Riley's job?
85:18:24He was the new head of medicine.
85:18:29>> Now relax your voice and let's continue
85:18:32listening.
85:18:33>> Before reading on, make a guess.
85:18:38What would you give those doctors to
85:18:40help them decide better?
85:18:52Most people would say more information,
85:18:56more tests, more questions, the whole
85:19:00patient history.
85:19:13Okay, questions time.
85:19:16>> Would most people ask for less
85:19:19information?
85:19:26No.
85:19:28Most people would say more information.
85:19:32Would they want part of the history or
85:19:36the whole patient history?
85:19:46Most people would want more tests, more
85:19:49questions, and the whole patient
85:19:52history.
85:19:55What should you make before reading on?
85:20:03Before reading on, make a guess.
85:20:09>> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the
85:20:11story.
85:20:13>> That feels obvious.
85:20:17>> Surely the doctor who knows more will
85:20:20choose better.
85:20:31Riley disagreed.
85:20:35He had found the work of a heart doctor,
85:20:37Lee Goldman, [sighs]
85:20:39who had analyzed many cases with
85:20:41mathematicians.
85:20:56Now the table's turn. I'm going to ask
85:20:59you questions. You're going to do the
85:21:01talking. Let's go.
85:21:03Did Riley
85:21:05agree?
85:21:10No.
85:21:12Riley disagreed.
85:21:15Did Goldman analyze cases with
85:21:18mathematicians
85:21:20or with lawyers?
85:21:28Goldman had analyzed many cases with
85:21:32mathematicians.
85:21:34Who was Lee Goldman?
85:21:41Lee Goldman was a heart doctor.
85:21:46>> Good job. Let's continue the story.
85:21:50Working with those mathematicians,
85:21:53Goldman had built a simple rule.
85:21:57Besides a standard heart test, the
85:22:00doctor needed only three answers.
85:22:17Is the pain the dangerous unstable kind?
85:22:23Is there fluid in the lungs?
85:22:27Is the blood pressure [sighs] low.
85:22:43Great speaking time. Now let's jump into
85:22:47the speaking time.
85:22:49>> Did the doctor need many answers?
85:23:00>> No.
85:23:03The doctor needed only three answers.
85:23:09Is the dangerous pain the stable kind or
85:23:14the unstable kind?
85:23:21The dangerous pain is the unstable kind.
85:23:28What are the three questions?
85:23:38Is the pain unstable?
85:23:43Is there fluid in the lungs?
85:23:48Is the blood pressure low?
85:23:52>> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen.
85:23:56>> That was nearly all.
85:23:59age, smoking, and being overweight, the
85:24:02details every doctor had been trained to
85:24:05collect, were left out.
85:24:19Riley tested the rule in his emergency
85:24:22room for two whole years and compared it
85:24:27with the doctor's usual judgment.
85:24:41Okay, voice is up. Now here comes the
85:24:44questions.
85:24:47Did every doctor collect details like
85:24:50smoking and being overweight?
85:25:00Yes.
85:25:02Every doctor had been trained to collect
85:25:05them and the rule left them out.
85:25:10Did Riley test the rule for two weeks or
85:25:15two whole years?
85:25:23He tested the rule for two whole years.
85:25:28Where did Riley test the rule?
85:25:35He tested it in his emergency room.
85:25:41>> Nice one. Let's continue.
85:25:45>> The results surprised almost everyone.
85:25:49>> The rule was about 70% better at
85:25:53spotting patients not in danger.
85:26:07It was also safer.
85:26:11With the most serious cases, it was
85:26:14right more than 95%
85:26:17of the time.
85:26:31Speaking time. Try answering with words
85:26:34you just heard. Go ahead.
85:26:38>> Did the result surprise almost everyone?
85:26:48Yes,
85:26:50the results surprised almost everyone.
85:26:55Was the rule safer
85:26:58or more dangerous?
85:27:04It was also safer.
85:27:08How often was it right with the most
85:27:11serious cases?
85:27:18It was right more than 95%
85:27:22of the time.
85:27:25>> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep
85:27:27moving.
85:27:29>> Here is the missing clue.
85:27:33The extra details had not been helping
85:27:36the doctors.
85:27:38They had been confusing them.
85:27:53A doctor who hears that a patient smokes
85:27:56starts to worry even with no unstable
85:28:00pain, no fluid, and normal blood
85:28:04pressure.
85:28:18A quick check before we move on. I want
85:28:21you to answer these questions.
85:28:24>> Were the extra details
85:28:27helping the doctors?
85:28:35No.
85:28:37The extra details had been confusing
85:28:40them.
85:28:41Does a doctor start to worry or stay
85:28:46calm when a patient smokes?
85:28:56A doctor who hears that a patient smokes
85:29:00starts to worry.
85:29:03When does the doctor still worry?
85:29:14The doctor worries even with no unstable
85:29:17pain,
85:29:19no fluid
85:29:21and normal blood pressure.
85:29:25>> Here's on. Now let's come to the next
85:29:27part.
85:29:28Cook County became one of the first
85:29:31hospitals in America to trust a few
85:29:34clear questions over a pile of facts.
85:29:49Malcolm Gladwell uses this case in blink
85:29:53to make a point that sounds strange at
85:29:56first.
85:29:57More information is not always better.
85:30:14All right, time to prove your focusing.
85:30:18Let's simply do it.
85:30:20>> Did Cook County trust a pile of facts?
85:30:31No,
85:30:33it trusted a few clear questions
85:30:37[snorts] over a pile of facts.
85:30:40Is more information always better
85:30:45or not always better?
85:30:53More information
85:30:55is not always better.
85:30:58Which book uses this case?
85:31:07Malcolm Gladwell uses this case in
85:31:11blink.
85:31:14>> All right, let's see if you've guessed
85:31:16it right. Let's go to the next part of
85:31:17the story.
85:31:19>> English learning can feel like that
85:31:22crowded room with apps, lists, videos,
85:31:26and advice arriving all day.
85:31:40A typical learner keeps collecting more
85:31:43until the extra information only
85:31:46confuses them.
85:31:57Every sentence,
85:31:59speak it out loud. Okay, let's go.
85:32:03Does advice arrive all day?
85:32:13Yes.
85:32:15Apps, lists, videos, and advice arrive
85:32:19all day.
85:32:21Does the extra information help or
85:32:25confuse a typical learner?
85:32:33The extra information
85:32:36only confuses them.
85:32:39What does a typical learner keep doing?
85:32:47A typical learner keeps collecting more.
85:32:52And now the big finish.
85:32:56>> This week, try the opposite.
85:33:00Analyze your routine.
85:33:03Delete one app and drop one word list.
85:33:20Don't ask what else you should add.
85:33:24Ask what you can leave out and still get
85:33:28it right.
85:33:40Last questions. Finish the story with
85:33:43the best answers possible.
85:33:46>> Should you analyze your routine?
85:33:57Yes.
85:33:59Analyze your routine.
85:34:02Delete one app and drop one word list.
85:34:08Should you ask what to add or what to
85:34:12leave out?
85:34:19Ask what you can leave out and still get
85:34:23it right.
85:34:25What should you delete this week?
85:34:32Delete one app this week.
85:34:42The grammar we practice today each,
85:34:46every all.
85:34:49Money was short, beds were few, and
85:34:52chest pain patients arrived every single
85:34:56day.
85:34:58The new head of medicine, Brendan Riley,
85:35:01studied how each doctor decided and did
85:35:05not like it.
85:35:08Most people would say more information,
85:35:11more tests, more questions, the whole
85:35:14patient history.
85:35:18Age, smoking, and being overweight. The
85:35:22details every doctor had been trained to
85:35:24collect were left out.
85:35:33Congratulations.
85:35:34You practiced 464
85:35:37words in this story and you learned a
85:35:40lot.
85:35:42Let's pause for a second.
85:35:47You finished another story
85:35:52and you learned a new lesson. You
85:35:54learned a new way of thinking and that's
85:35:58amazing. And now let's take a quick
85:36:00break and listen to one of the real
85:36:03stories from one of my students
85:36:10English.
85:36:11>> My name is Abdal Mullah. I'm 24 years
85:36:13old and I'm first graduated from Dwell
85:36:16Industrial College and I also finished
85:36:21with 6.5 score
85:36:52Mhm.
85:37:33speaking or listening.
85:37:47Speaking
85:38:01Foreign
85:38:11speech. Foreign speech. Foreign speech.
85:38:52government
85:38:54writing.
85:39:19for
85:39:27WhatsApp.
85:39:41like
85:40:06step. Fore.
85:40:30But anyways,
85:40:34ego is the enemy.
85:40:37keys like
85:41:03words.
85:41:14And now let's jump into the story. The
85:41:16oldest student.
85:41:19>> The oldest student from the book Ego is
85:41:23the Enemy by Ryan Holiday.
85:41:27Memoir,
85:41:29budget,
85:41:32editor,
85:41:34newsroom,
85:41:36add up
85:41:39terribly,
85:41:41publishing,
85:41:43work experience,
85:41:46run a company,
85:41:49insecure.
85:41:52Have you ever stayed silent in a meeting
85:41:56because your question felt too simple to
85:41:59ask out loud.
85:42:10Catherine Graham knew that fear well.
85:42:15In 1963 at 46, she suddenly found
85:42:20herself running a company with thousands
85:42:22of employees.
85:42:37No one word answer. I don't want you to
85:42:39give me like ah small answers. I want
85:42:41you to give me full sentences aloud. And
85:42:43when you're going to hear and listen to
85:42:45the sentence, repeat it yourself. Okay,
85:42:48let's go.
85:42:50>> Did Katherine Graham know that fear?
85:42:55Well,
85:43:03yes,
85:43:05Katherine Graham knew that fear
85:43:09well.
85:43:11Was she running a company with thousands
85:43:14of employees
85:43:16or with 10?
85:43:24She found herself running a company with
85:43:27thousands of employees.
85:43:30How old was she in 1963?
85:43:41In 1963,
85:43:44she was 46.
85:43:48>> Great job. Now, back to the story.
85:43:51>> It owned the Washington Post.
85:43:55Her husband had run it, and his sudden
85:43:58death left the company in her hands.
85:44:12For years she had raised her children
85:44:15and stayed in the background.
85:44:18She had no work experience of any real
85:44:22kind.
85:44:35No pressure. Um, honestly, a little bit
85:44:38pressure. I want you to answer the
85:44:40questions in full sentences.
85:44:43>> Did she have work experience?
85:44:54No,
85:44:56she had no work experience of any real
85:44:59kind.
85:45:01Had her husband run the company or her
85:45:05brother?
85:45:09Her husband had run it.
85:45:12What had she done for years?
85:45:22For years, she had raised her children
85:45:26and stayed in the background.
85:45:31So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen.
85:45:35>> At meetings, she sat among powerful men,
85:45:39and she was often the only woman in the
85:45:41room.
85:45:50The men spoke easily about profits,
85:45:54costs, and budgets,
85:45:56a language of numbers she had never
85:45:59learned.
85:46:11Great speaking time. Now, let's jump
85:46:14into the speaking time.
85:46:17>> Was she often the only woman in the
85:46:20room?
85:46:27>> Yes, she was often the only woman in the
85:46:32room.
85:46:34Did the men speak about budgets or about
85:46:38sport?
85:46:45The men spoke easily about profits,
85:46:49costs, and budgets.
85:46:53What language had she never learned?
85:47:01She had never learned the language of
85:47:05numbers.
85:47:07Now relax your voice and let's continue
85:47:10listening.
85:47:12>> She later wrote in her memoir that she
85:47:15felt insecure and full of self-doubt and
85:47:19terribly afraid of saying something
85:47:22foolish.
85:47:34In a room like that, one simple question
85:47:38might seem to prove that she did not
85:47:41belong.
85:47:52Now it's yours. Go ahead and talk loudly
85:47:56as much as you can.
85:47:58Did she feel confident?
85:48:07No.
85:48:09She felt insecure
85:48:12and full of self-doubt.
85:48:15Did she write about this in her memoir
85:48:19or in a speech?
85:48:27She later wrote in her memoir that she
85:48:30felt insecure.
85:48:34What was she terribly afraid of?
85:48:41She was terribly afraid of saying
85:48:44something foolish.
85:48:47>> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep
85:48:50moving.
85:48:52Many people in her place would have
85:48:54hidden that fear behind a confident face
85:48:58and quietly nodded along.
85:49:10She did something braver.
85:49:14She admitted again and again that she
85:49:17was a beginner and she kept asking
85:49:21questions.
85:49:35>> Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to
85:49:37answer the questions?
85:49:39Did she hide her fear behind a confident
85:49:43face?
85:49:49No,
85:49:51she admitted that she was a beginner.
85:49:55Did she stop asking questions
85:49:59or keep asking?
85:50:04She kept asking questions.
85:50:09What would many people in her place have
85:50:12done?
85:50:18They would have hidden that fear and
85:50:21quietly nodded along.
85:50:25>> Now stories calling us. Let's continue.
85:50:29>> She asked editors to explain how the
85:50:32newsroom worked and managers to explain
85:50:35the budget and the business. Even the
85:50:38simple things.
85:50:51Some of her questions probably sounded
85:50:53basic to the editors and experts.
85:50:57She asked them anyway and listened
85:51:01carefully.
85:51:15Awesome. Now it's speaking turn.
85:51:18>> Did she ask editors to explain the
85:51:21newsroom?
85:51:29Yes.
85:51:31She asked editors to explain how the
85:51:35newsroom worked.
85:51:38Did she ask managers to explain the
85:51:40budget or the weather?
85:51:50She asked managers to explain the budget
85:51:54and the business.
85:51:57who might have found her questions
85:52:00basic.
85:52:08Her questions probably sounded basic to
85:52:11the editors and experts.
85:52:15>> Great answers. Let's see what happens
85:52:18now.
85:52:19>> I think this is the most useful part of
85:52:22her story.
85:52:25Before she was admired,
85:52:28she was a student.
85:52:41Asking did not make the fear disappear.
85:52:46It made the unknown things smaller.
85:52:50One honest answer at a time.
85:53:07Okay, speaking time. Speak your mind.
85:53:11>> Did asking make the fear
85:53:14disappear?
85:53:22No.
85:53:25Asking did not make the fear disappear.
85:53:30Was she a teacher or a student before
85:53:34she was admired?
85:53:40Before she was admired, she was a
85:53:43student.
85:53:45What did asking do?
85:53:55It made the unknown things smaller.
85:54:00One honest answer at a time.
85:54:05>> Nice one. Let's continue.
85:54:08>> Slowly, the answers added up.
85:54:14In the newsroom and in the boardroom,
85:54:17she began to make her own judgments.
85:54:32In the years that followed, she would
85:54:34make some of the boldest publishing
85:54:37decisions in American history.
85:54:48Spotlight now is on you. I want you to
85:54:50answer the questions by actually
85:54:54talking. Let's go.
85:54:56>> Did the answers add up?
85:55:05>> Yes.
85:55:08Slowly the answers added up.
85:55:13Did she make her own judgments
85:55:16or copy others?
85:55:22She began to make her own judgments.
85:55:26What kind of decisions did she make?
85:55:29Later,
85:55:36she would make some of the boldest
85:55:38publishing decisions in American
85:55:41history.
85:55:44>> Okay, now listening mode.
85:55:47Later, even an investor that others had
85:55:50feared, Warren Buffett, became her
85:55:54business mentor
85:55:56because she was willing to learn.
85:56:10Under her leadership, the company grew
85:56:13into one of the most respected
85:56:15publishing businesses in America.
85:56:28Okay, let's pause for a second. Now, I'm
85:56:30going to ask you questions. Now, it's
85:56:31over to you to answer them.
85:56:34>> Did Warren Buffett become her mentor?
85:56:43Yes,
85:56:44Warren Buffett became her business
85:56:47mentor.
85:56:49Did the company grow or shrink under her
85:56:53leadership?
85:56:59Under her leadership, the company grew.
85:57:04What did the company grow into?
85:57:13It grew into one of the most respected
85:57:16publishing businesses in America.
85:57:21>> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the
85:57:23story.
85:57:25>> Her memoir, Personal History, later won
85:57:29a Puliter Prize, and it did not hide how
85:57:33unsure she had once been.
85:57:47Admitting you are a beginner is the
85:57:50fastest way to stop being one. Whether
85:57:53you run a company or study English,
85:58:08Now the table's turn. I'm going to ask
85:58:11you questions. You're going to do the
85:58:12talking. Let's go.
85:58:14>> Did her memoir hide how unsure she had
85:58:18been?
85:58:27No,
85:58:29her memoir did not hide how unsure she
85:58:33had once been.
85:58:35Is admitting you are a beginner the
85:58:38slowest way or the fastest way to stop
85:58:42being one?
85:58:45[clears throat]
85:58:49It is the fastest way to stop being one.
85:58:56When does this lesson matter?
85:59:05It matters whether you run a company or
85:59:09study English.
85:59:12>> Here's odd. Now let's come to the next
85:59:14part.
85:59:16Many English learners do the opposite.
85:59:20They nod in class when they are lost
85:59:23because asking makes them feel insecure.
85:59:37Graham felt that weakness too with no
85:59:41work experience at [clears throat] all.
85:59:45Still, she asked before she felt ready.
86:00:02>> Let's turn those ears into voice.
86:00:06>> Does asking make many learners feel
86:00:10insecure?
86:00:17Yes,
86:00:19asking makes them feel insecure.
86:00:24Do learners nod or ask when they are
86:00:28lost?
86:00:34They nod in class when they are lost.
86:00:40What did Graeme do before she felt ready
86:00:51with no work experience at all? She
86:00:55still asked before she felt ready.
86:01:01>> Now, this is the last part. Let's bring
86:01:03it home.
86:01:05>> So, do a small experiment this week.
86:01:09Ask someone whose English is stronger
86:01:12than yours one question that feels
86:01:15terribly embarrassing.
86:01:29Take notes on their answer.
86:01:32Then notice two things. how much you
86:01:36learned and how little it cost you.
86:01:41Small answers add up.
86:01:56Awesome. This is the final questions for
86:01:59this one. Go ahead. I don't want you to
86:02:01leave anything on the table. try to
86:02:03answer every single question. Go ahead.
86:02:06>> Should you do a small experiment this
86:02:09week?
86:02:17>> Yes.
86:02:19Do a small experiment this week.
86:02:24Should you take notes on their answer or
86:02:28forget it?
86:02:33Take notes on their answer.
86:02:38What should the question feel like?
86:02:46Ask one question that feels terribly
86:02:50embarrassing.
86:02:58The grammar we practice today, make, do,
86:03:02take, have, collocations.
86:03:06She had no work experience of any real
86:03:09kind.
86:03:12In the newsroom and in the boardroom,
86:03:15she began to make her own judgments.
86:03:20In the years that followed, she would
86:03:21make some of the boldest publishing
86:03:23decisions in American history.
86:03:28So do a small experiment this week.
86:03:37Congratulations.
86:03:39You practiced 465
86:03:42words in this story and you learned a
86:03:44lot.
86:03:47Amazing. So you have listened, you
86:03:49understood and you spoke.
86:03:57And that's how we learn.
86:04:01Are you ready?
86:04:08The 48 laws of power.
86:04:28That's it.
86:04:33[laughter]
86:04:48Oh. Oh,
86:05:01laws of power. Let's jump into the
86:05:03story. The scars
86:05:06and the speeches.
86:05:09>> The scars and the speeches from the book
86:05:13The 48 Laws of Power by Robert Green.
86:05:18Banish.
86:05:20Exile.
86:05:23Contempt.
86:05:25Custom.
86:05:27Legend.
86:05:29Humiliate.
86:05:32Merely.
86:05:34All but
86:05:36battlefield.
86:05:39Convincingly.
86:05:42A few old scars
86:05:45all but made him consel of Rome
86:05:50and a few angry speeches
86:05:53turned him into an exile.
86:06:06He was Gas Marshius,
86:06:09a Roman soldier from about 2 and a half
86:06:11thousand years ago. Though historians
86:06:15still debate how much is legend,
86:06:30no one answer. I don't want you to give
86:06:32me like ah small answers. I want you to
86:06:34give me full sentences aloud and when
86:06:37you're going to hear and listen to the
86:06:39sentence, repeat it yourself. Okay,
86:06:42let's go. Did a few angry speeches
86:06:46turn him into an exile?
86:06:55>> Yes.
86:06:57A few angry speeches turned him into an
86:07:00exile.
86:07:02Was he a Roman soldier
86:07:05or a Roman senator?
86:07:12He was a Roman soldier from about 2 and
86:07:15a half thousand years ago.
86:07:19What do historians still debate about
86:07:22his story?
86:07:29Historians still debate how much is
86:07:33legend.
86:07:36>> All right, let's see if you've guessed
86:07:37it right. Let's go to the next part of
86:07:39the story.
86:07:41>> He earned the name Corolanus by fighting
86:07:45his way with a small band of men through
86:07:48the gates of an enemy town called
86:07:51Coroli.
86:08:04Campaign after campaign, he came home
86:08:07from the battlefield with fresh wounds.
86:08:11And his courage made him the hero of the
86:08:14city.
86:08:27Did that make sense? Now, let's check.
86:08:31Did he fight through the gates of Coroli
86:08:34alone?
86:08:41No.
86:08:42He fought through the gates with a small
86:08:45band of men.
86:08:47Did he come home from the battlefield
86:08:50with fresh wounds
86:08:53or no wounds?
86:08:59He came home from the battlefield with
86:09:02fresh wounds.
86:09:05What did his courage make him?
86:09:12His courage made him the hero of the
86:09:15city.
86:09:18Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep
86:09:20moving.
86:09:22Robert Green retells his story drawn
86:09:25from Plutarch in the 48 laws of power
86:09:31under a law about saying less than
86:09:34necessary
86:09:46when he ran for console Rome's highest
86:09:49office custom required him to stand in
86:09:53the forum in a simple robe and ask
86:09:56citizens for votes.
86:10:10Let's turn those ears into voice.
86:10:14>> Does Robert Green retell this story in
86:10:18the 48 Laws of Power?
86:10:26Yes,
86:10:27Green tells it in the 48 laws of power.
86:10:33Did custom require a simple robe or a
86:10:38soldier's armor?
86:10:45Custom required him to stand in the
86:10:47forum in a simple robe.
86:10:51Where did custom require him to ask for
86:10:54votes?
86:11:01Custom required him to ask citizens for
86:11:04votes in the forum.
86:11:08>> See, English is already coming out of
86:11:10you. Now listen and let's continue.
86:11:14He followed the custom, opened the robe,
86:11:18and showed them his scars,
86:11:21the marks of 17 years of war.
86:11:25Seldom had a candidate needed fewer
86:11:28words.
86:11:40The crowd was moved.
86:11:43Many felt ashamed of ever doubting him,
86:11:47and his election looked all but certain.
86:12:01Great, speaking time. Now, let's jump
86:12:04into the speaking time.
86:12:07>> Did he follow the custom and show his
86:12:11scars?
86:12:18Yes, he followed the custom and showed
86:12:22them his scars.
86:12:25Did his scars show 17 years of war
86:12:30or seven?
86:12:38His scar showed 17 years of war.
86:12:45Seldom had a candidate needed fewer
86:12:47words.
86:12:49How did his election look?
86:12:56His election looked all but certain.
86:13:01>> Now relax your voice and let's continue
86:13:04listening.
86:13:06Then on the day of the vote,
86:13:09he returned surrounded by senators, the
86:13:13city's proud elite,
86:13:16and began to talk.
86:13:29In Green's telling, he boasted, mocked
86:13:33his rivals, and made it plain that he
86:13:36considered the common people beneath
86:13:39him.
86:13:51>> Awesome. Quiz time. Let's jump into it.
86:13:54Did he return alone on the day of the
86:13:58vote?
86:14:06No.
86:14:07He returned surrounded by senators, the
86:14:10city's proud elite.
86:14:13Did he praise the common people or
86:14:17consider them beneath him?
86:14:23He considered the common people beneath
86:14:27him.
86:14:28What did he do in Green's telling?
86:14:38In Green's telling, he boasted and
86:14:41mocked his rivals.
86:14:45>> That was amazing. Now, let's continue
86:14:47and enjoy the story.
86:14:50No sooner had word spread than the same
86:14:53citizens who had admired his wounds
86:14:56voted against him,
86:15:00and he lost.
86:15:12Humiliated by the defeat, he grew
86:15:15louder, not quieter.
86:15:18When grain reached the hungry city, he
86:15:21argued against simply handing it to the
86:15:24people.
86:15:37Spotlight now is on you. I want you to
86:15:39answer the questions by actually
86:15:42talking. Let's go.
86:15:44>> Did the citizens vote for him?
86:15:54No.
86:15:56No sooner had word spread than they
86:15:59voted against him.
86:16:02Did the defeat make him quieter or
86:16:06louder?
86:16:13Humiliated by the defeat, he grew
86:16:17louder, not quieter.
86:16:20What did he argue about the grain?
86:16:28He argued against simply handing it to
86:16:31the people.
86:16:34>> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the
86:16:36story.
86:16:38He attacked their tribunes, the
86:16:41officials elected to protect them, and
86:16:44suggested their hard one rights be taken
86:16:47away.
86:16:57Maybe he was merely honest and Rome
86:17:00needed a straighttalking soldier more
86:17:03than a smooth politician.
86:17:14Speaking time, I don't want you to
86:17:16overthink it. Just open your mouth and
86:17:19just talk whatever you remember from the
86:17:21story.
86:17:23>> Did he protect the tribunes?
86:17:32No, he attacked their tribunes. The
86:17:36officials elected to protect them.
86:17:40Did Rome need a smooth politician or a
86:17:44straightalking soldier?
86:17:52Maybe Rome needed a straightalking
86:17:54soldier more than a smooth politician.
86:17:59What does the narrator say? He maybe was
86:18:07maybe he was merely honest.
86:18:12>> Now story is calling us. Let's continue.
86:18:16>> Yet he was not merely honest.
86:18:20With every speech he replaced the silent
86:18:24evidence of his scars with open
86:18:26contempt.
86:18:38The tribunes put him on trial and the
86:18:41people he had treated with contempt
86:18:44voted to banish him from the city he had
86:18:48bled for.
86:19:02That's amazing. Now we want to speak
86:19:04what you have read and listened.
86:19:07>> Was he merely honest?
86:19:16>> No, he was not merely honest. He showed
86:19:20open contempt.
86:19:23Did the people forgive him
86:19:26or vote to banish him?
86:19:33They voted to banish him from the city
86:19:36he had bled for.
86:19:39What did every speech replace the silent
86:19:42evidence of his scars with?
86:19:50With every speech, he replaced it with
86:19:53open contempt.
86:19:56>> Nice one. Let's continue.
86:20:00>> Bitter and humiliated,
86:20:03the banished hero spent his exile among
86:20:05Rome's enemies
86:20:08and later marched with their army to the
86:20:11edge of Rome.
86:20:25History or legend, the pattern holds.
86:20:29On the battlefield, his pride made him
86:20:32charge first,
86:20:35and in the forum, it made him talk too
86:20:38long.
86:20:51All right, time to prove your focusing.
86:20:54Let's jump into it.
86:20:56>> Did the banished hero spend his exile
86:21:00among Rome's friends?
86:21:07No, he spent his exile among Rome's
86:21:11enemies.
86:21:13Was he bitter and humiliated
86:21:17or calm and happy?
86:21:22He was bitter and humiliated.
86:21:27What did his pride make him do on the
86:21:30battlefield?
86:21:36on the battlefield. His pride made him
86:21:39charge first.
86:21:43Here's Odd. Now, let's come to the next
86:21:44part.
86:21:46>> His scars spoke for him quietly and
86:21:49convincingly,
86:21:51and his words kept undoing their work
86:21:55sentence by sentence.
86:22:07Say less
86:22:09and let what you have done speak for
86:22:13you.
86:22:15It sounds simple
86:22:18yet seldom is it easy for proud people
86:22:33Now the table's turn. I'm going to ask
86:22:36you questions. You're going to do the
86:22:38talking. Let's go.
86:22:40>> Did his scars speak for him
86:22:43convincingly?
86:22:51Yes.
86:22:53His scars spoke for him quietly and
86:22:58convincingly.
86:23:00For proud people is saying less easy
86:23:06or seldom easy.
86:23:12Seldom is it easy for proud people.
86:23:17What kept undoing the work of his scars?
86:23:21His
86:23:26words kept undoing their work sentence
86:23:30by sentence.
86:23:33>> Great job. Now, back to the story.
86:23:36>> The same danger lives in quieter places.
86:23:40A job interview, a team meeting, or a
86:23:43speaking exam.
86:23:54Nervous speakers keep adding sentences,
86:23:57explaining and defending
86:24:00until the answer they gave first clearly
86:24:03and convincingly
86:24:05is buried.
86:24:19Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and
86:24:21speak.
86:24:22>> Does the same danger live in a job
86:24:25interview?
86:24:33Yes,
86:24:35it lives in a job interview, a team
86:24:38meeting, or a speaking exam.
86:24:42Do nervous speakers add sentences
86:24:46or stop talking?
86:24:54Nervous speakers keep adding sentences,
86:24:57explaining and defending.
86:25:01What happens to the answer they gave
86:25:04first?
86:25:11The answer they gave first clearly and
86:25:15convincingly
86:25:17is buried.
86:25:20>> Now this is the time for the ending of
86:25:22the story. And here's the important the
86:25:24most important part basically. Let's
86:25:26continue.
86:25:28>> In an exam, the examiner has often heard
86:25:31enough already.
86:25:34Rarely does an extra sentence earn you
86:25:37more than another chance for a mistake.
86:25:52Try one daily rule. When you have made
86:25:56your point clearly,
86:25:58stop
86:26:00and let the silence do some of the work.
86:26:16Awesome. This is the final questions for
86:26:19this one. Go ahead. I don't want you to
86:26:21leave anything on the table. Try to
86:26:22answer every single question. Go ahead.
86:26:26>> Does an extra sentence usually help you
86:26:30in an exam?
86:26:38No.
86:26:40Rarely does an extra sentence earn you
86:26:43more than another chance for a mistake.
86:26:48When your point is clear, should you
86:26:51keep talking
86:26:53or stop?
86:27:01When you have made your point clearly,
86:27:04stop.
86:27:06What does the daily rule let the silence
86:27:09do?
86:27:14It lets the silence do some of the work.
86:27:25The grammar we practice today, inversion
86:27:29after negative adverbials. Seldom had a
86:27:32candidate needed fewer words.
86:27:37No sooner had words spread than the same
86:27:40citizens who had admired his wombs voted
86:27:43against him, and he lost.
86:27:47It sounds simple, yet seldom is it easy
86:27:50for proud people.
86:27:54Rarely does an extra sentence earn you
86:27:56more than another chance for a mistake.
86:28:06Congratulations. You practiced 516
86:28:10words in this story and you learned a
86:28:13lot.
86:28:16>> Okay.
86:28:25So if you think about it, you're
86:28:27learning
86:28:28very key lessons that are going to
86:28:32improve your your your whole mindset.
86:28:35That's amazing.
86:28:42for
86:29:09another video.
86:29:11And let's keep going
86:29:13out.
86:29:26Let's go.
86:29:29The town that lived together.
86:29:32>> The town that lived together from the
86:29:34book Outliers by Malcolm Gladwell.
86:29:39Startling
86:29:41quarry.
86:29:43Immigrant.
86:29:46Jean.
86:29:48Fatty.
86:29:50Physician.
86:29:52Neighboring.
86:29:55Show off.
86:29:57Take care not to
86:30:00conclude.
86:30:03What most of us believe
86:30:06is a simple story about the heart.
86:30:10Your genes and your plate decide your
86:30:14health.
86:30:27It is a comfortable story with two
86:30:30things to blame. our parents and our
86:30:34food. [clears throat]
86:30:43Malcolm Gladwell opens Outliers with a
86:30:47small quarry town in Pennsylvania that
86:30:50refused to fit that story.
86:31:04No one word answer. I don't want you to
86:31:05give me like ah small answers. I want
86:31:07you to give me full sentences aloud and
86:31:10when you're going to hear and listen to
86:31:12the sentence, repeat it yourself. Okay,
86:31:15let's go.
86:31:17>> Do most of us believe our genes and
86:31:21plate decide our health?
86:31:30Yes.
86:31:32What most of us believe is that our
86:31:36genes and our plate decide our health.
86:31:42Does Gladwell open outliers with a big
86:31:45city
86:31:46or a small quarry town?
86:31:55He opens Outliers with a small quarry
86:31:58town in Pennsylvania.
86:32:02What two things does the comfortable
86:32:05story let us blame?
86:32:13It lets us blame our parents and our
86:32:17food.
86:32:20>> Great answers. Let's see what happens
86:32:22now.
86:32:23>> Rosettto was built by immigrants from a
86:32:26village of the same name in southern
86:32:28Italy who came to work in nearby slate
86:32:31quaries.
86:32:40One summer, a local doctor told a
86:32:43visiting physician, Stuart Wolf, that he
86:32:47rarely saw heart disease in Rosettans
86:32:49under 65.
86:33:02Every sentence,
86:33:04speak it out loud. Okay, let's go.
86:33:08Was Rosettto built by immigrants from
86:33:11Italy?
86:33:18Yes.
86:33:20Rosettto was built by immigrants from a
86:33:23village in southern Italy.
86:33:26Did they come to work in slate quaries
86:33:29or on farms?
86:33:36They came to work in nearby slate
86:33:39quaries.
86:33:41What did the local doctor tell the
86:33:44visiting physician?
86:33:51He rarely saw heart disease in Rosettans
86:33:55under 65.
86:33:58>> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the
86:34:01story.
86:34:03The physician was curious enough to
86:34:05investigate.
86:34:07His team gathered death certificates,
86:34:10medical records, and blood tests from
86:34:13almost the whole town.
86:34:26The result was startling.
86:34:30Heart attacks, then the leading killer
86:34:32of middle-aged American men, had almost
86:34:36disappeared among Rosettto's men under
86:34:3955.
86:34:52Okay, voice is up. Now, here comes the
86:34:55questions. Was the physician curious
86:34:59enough to investigate?
86:35:07Yes, the physician was curious enough to
86:35:11investigate.
86:35:13Was the result boring or startling?
86:35:21The result was startling.
86:35:24What had almost disappeared among
86:35:27Rosettto's men under 55.
86:35:37Heart attacks had almost disappeared
86:35:40among Rosettto's men under 55.
86:35:45>> That was amazing. Now, let's continue
86:35:48and enjoy the story.
86:35:50Naturally, the researchers looked for
86:35:52the obvious causes.
86:35:55Perhaps the town ate an unusually
86:35:58healthy diet.
86:36:08It did not.
86:36:11Many families cooked with heavy animal
86:36:13fat and ate plenty of fatty meat. And a
86:36:17good number of the men smoked.
86:36:32Speaking time. I don't want you to
86:36:34overthink it. Just open your mouth and
86:36:36just talk whatever you remember from the
86:36:39story.
86:36:40>> Did the town eat an unusually healthy
86:36:44diet?
86:36:50No.
86:36:52Many families ate plenty of fatty meat.
86:36:56Did families cook with heavy animal fat
86:37:00or with very little fat?
86:37:06Many families cooked with heavy animal
86:37:10fat.
86:37:12What did the researchers look for first?
86:37:19Naturally, the researchers looked for
86:37:21the obvious causes.
86:37:24>> Okay, now listening mode.
86:37:28>> Perhaps it was their genes. Yet,
86:37:30immigrant relatives who had settled
86:37:32elsewhere in America showed no such
86:37:36protection.
86:37:46Perhaps it was the region.
86:37:49The neighboring towns in the same valley
86:37:52had perfectly ordinary rates of heart
86:37:55disease.
86:38:07>> Now test yourself.
86:38:10Were the neighboring towns in the same
86:38:13valley?
86:38:18Yes, the neighboring towns were in the
86:38:21same valley.
86:38:24Did the neighboring towns have low rates
86:38:28or ordinary rates of heart disease?
86:38:36The neighboring towns had perfectly
86:38:39ordinary rates of heart disease.
86:38:43Why could it not be their genes?
86:38:52Because immigrant relatives who had
86:38:54settled elsewhere showed no such
86:38:57protection.
86:38:59>> Nice one. Let's continue.
86:39:03So the easy explanations failed.
86:39:08What the researchers found instead was
86:39:10harder to measure. The way people lived
86:39:14together.
86:39:26Grandparents, parents, and children
86:39:29shared one roof.
86:39:32Neighbors stopped in the street to talk
86:39:35and cooked for one another in their
86:39:37gardens.
86:39:50Now it's yours. Go ahead and talk loudly
86:39:54as much as you can.
86:39:57>> Did the easy explanations
86:40:00work?
86:40:06No,
86:40:08the easy explanations failed.
86:40:13Was what the researchers found easy
86:40:17or harder to measure?
86:40:24What the researchers found instead was
86:40:28harder to measure.
86:40:31What was it that the researchers found
86:40:35instead?
86:40:41What they found was the way people lived
86:40:44together.
86:40:47>> See, English is already coming out of
86:40:50you. Now, listen and let's continue.
86:40:54In a town of about 2,000 people, there
86:40:57were more than 20 community clubs.
86:41:01And wealthy families took care not to
86:41:04show off.
86:41:15Nobody in Rosettto was left alone with
86:41:18their troubles for long.
86:41:21It was this closeness, the researchers
86:41:24concluded, that protected them.
86:41:39Did that make sense? Now, let's check.
86:41:43>> Did wealthy families show off?
86:41:52No.
86:41:54Wealthy families took care not to show
86:41:57off.
86:41:59Were there more than 20 clubs or only
86:42:03two?
86:42:08There were more than 20 community clubs.
86:42:12What was it that protected them? The
86:42:15researchers concluded.
86:42:23It was this closeness, the researchers
86:42:26concluded, that protected them.
86:42:31>> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen.
86:42:35>> Then comes a second startling chapter of
86:42:39the story that almost nobody tells.
86:42:53As younger families moved into bigger,
86:42:55more private houses and lived more like
86:42:59the neighboring towns, Rosettto's
86:43:02advantage slowly faded.
86:43:16Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and
86:43:18speak.
86:43:20Is there a second startling chapter to
86:43:22the story?
86:43:30Yes,
86:43:32there is a second startling chapter that
86:43:36almost nobody tells.
86:43:39Did Rosetta's advantage glow or slowly
86:43:44fade?
86:43:49Rosettto's advantage
86:43:52slowly faded.
86:43:54How did younger families start to live?
86:44:04They lived more like the neighboring
86:44:07towns in bigger more private houses.
86:44:12>> Here's on. Now let's come to the next
86:44:14part.
86:44:16>> Later researchers have questioned
86:44:18whether the evidence was strong enough
86:44:20to conclude so much.
86:44:24A small town is a small sample.
86:44:38So take care not to read this as a
86:44:41medical promise.
86:44:44It is no reason to ignore your doctor or
86:44:47to live on fatty food.
86:45:01Let's turn those ears into voice.
86:45:05Is this story
86:45:07a medical promise?
86:45:16No.
86:45:18Take care not to read it as a medical
86:45:21promise.
86:45:23Is a small town a big sample
86:45:27or a small sample?
86:45:33A small town is a small sample.
86:45:38What have researchers questioned?
86:45:48They have questioned whether the
86:45:50evidence was strong enough to conclude
86:45:54so much.
86:45:57>> All right, let's see if you've guessed
86:45:59it right. Let's go to the next part of
86:46:00the story.
86:46:02>> What the story does offer is an
86:46:05observation worth taking seriously.
86:46:09The people around you shape your life
86:46:12more than you think.
86:46:25They shape your habits, your stress,
86:46:28what you consider normal, and how
86:46:32quickly you recover when life knocks you
86:46:35down.
86:46:47Now the table's turn. I'm going to ask
86:46:50you questions. You're going to do the
86:46:51talking. Let's go.
86:46:54>> Do the people around you shape your
86:46:57life?
86:47:04Yes. The people around you shape your
86:47:08life more than you think.
86:47:11Do they shape only your habits
86:47:15or your stress too?
86:47:23They shape your habits, your stress, and
86:47:27what you consider normal.
86:47:31What is it that the story does offer?
86:47:41What the story does offer is an
86:47:44observation worth taking seriously.
86:47:49>> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's
86:47:52keep it up and jump into the story.
86:47:56>> Some learners worry they are stuck
86:47:59because nobody around them lives in
86:48:01English.
86:48:08You do not need to move to a village in
86:48:11Pennsylvania.
86:48:13What you need is a few people who pull
86:48:17you forward
86:48:19instead of holding you back.
86:48:33Speaking time. Try answering with words
86:48:37you just heard. Go ahead.
86:48:41>> Do you need to move to a village in
86:48:43Pennsylvania?
86:48:50No, you do not need to move to a village
86:48:55in Pennsylvania.
86:48:58Do you need people who pull you forward
86:49:02or hold you back?
86:49:10What you need is a few people who pull
86:49:13you forward.
86:49:16Why do some learners worry they are
86:49:19stuck?
86:49:25Because nobody around them lives in
86:49:28English.
86:49:31>> Now this is the last part. Let's bring
86:49:33it home.
86:49:35It might be one study partner who meets
86:49:38you twice a week, never tries to show
86:49:41off, and refuses to let you switch back
86:49:45to Arabic.
86:49:57If your circle feels thin right now,
86:50:01that is fine.
86:50:04Circles are built one conversation at a
86:50:07time and yours can start this week.
86:50:23The last round of questions. Let's end
86:50:26on a high note. Okay, let's go.
86:50:30Does a good study partner try to show
86:50:34off?
86:50:42No.
86:50:44A good study partner never tries to show
86:50:48off.
86:50:49Does your study partner let you switch
86:50:52to Arabic or refuse?
86:51:01Your study partner refuses to let you
86:51:05switch back to Arabic.
86:51:08How are circles built?
86:51:17Circles are built one conversation at a
86:51:21time.
86:51:29The grammar we practice today, cleft
86:51:32sentences. What most of us believe is a
86:51:35simple story about the heart. Your genes
86:51:38and your plate decide your health.
86:51:43What the researchers found instead was
86:51:45harder to measure. The way people lived
86:51:48together.
86:51:51It was this closeness, the researchers
86:51:54concluded, that protected them.
86:51:59What the story does offer is an
86:52:01observation worth taking seriously.
86:52:04The people around you shape your life
86:52:07more than you think.
86:52:11Congratulations.
86:52:17You practiced 517
86:52:19words in this story and you learned a
86:52:22lot.
86:52:25Awesome. A full story in English.
86:52:34That's a huge huge achievement.
86:52:41Great job.
86:53:13checklist.
86:53:24Let's jump into the story above her
86:53:27level. above her level from the book The
86:53:31Checklist Manifesto by Atal Gawande.
86:53:36Bulldozer
86:53:38Assign
86:53:41is
86:53:43conclusion
86:53:45devastation.
86:53:48Initiative
86:53:51empower
86:53:53headquarters
86:53:55procedure
86:53:58tear through.
86:54:01A bulldozer rolls into a ruined
86:54:05supermarket.
86:54:08The woman driving it is not the owner,
86:54:12and nobody at headquarters has told her
86:54:15to do this.
86:54:28The town is Waveland on the Mississippi
86:54:30coast.
86:54:32It is late August 2005.
86:54:37And Hurricane Katrina has just torn
86:54:40through it.
86:54:54No one word answer. I don't want you to
86:54:55give me like ah small answers. I want
86:54:57you to give me full sentences aloud and
86:55:00when you're going to hear and listen to
86:55:02the sentence, repeat it yourself. Okay,
86:55:05let's go.
86:55:07>> Does the woman driving the bulldozer
86:55:11own the supermarket?
86:55:19No, the woman driving the bulldozer is
86:55:24not the owner.
86:55:26Has headquarters told her to do this
86:55:31or has nobody?
86:55:36Nobody at headquarters has told her to
86:55:39do this.
86:55:41What has just torn through waveand?
86:55:49Hurricane Katrina has just torn through
86:55:52it.
86:55:55So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen.
86:55:59>> The devastation is everywhere.
86:56:03Houses have been swept off their
86:56:05foundations.
86:56:07Roads are blocked. Phones are dead. And
86:56:10families have no clean water.
86:56:25Her store has flooded, too. [gasps] Its
86:56:28aisles are thick with mud and seaater,
86:56:32and most of what was on the shelves is
86:56:35ruined.
86:56:48Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and
86:56:50speak.
86:56:52>> Is the devastation everywhere?
86:57:00Yes.
86:57:02The devastation
86:57:04is everywhere.
86:57:07Are the store's aisles clean
86:57:10or thick with mud?
86:57:17Its aisles are thick with mud and
86:57:21seawater.
86:57:23What happened to the houses?
86:57:31Houses have been swept off their
86:57:34foundations.
86:57:37Okay, now listening mode.
86:57:40>> She is Jessica Lewis, one of the store's
86:57:43managers.
86:57:45No procedure covers devastation like
86:57:49this.
86:57:59So she takes the initiative.
86:58:03She clears a path through the aisles and
86:58:06her team pulls out whatever is still dry
86:58:09and safe.
86:58:21Now it's yours. Go ahead and talk loudly
86:58:25as much as you can.
86:58:28>> Is there a procedure for devastation
86:58:31like this?
86:58:37No,
86:58:39no procedure covers devastation like
86:58:42this.
86:58:44Does she wait for orders
86:58:47or take the initiative?
86:58:51She takes the initiative.
86:58:55What does her team pull out?
86:58:59Her
86:59:03team pulls out whatever is still dry and
86:59:07safe.
86:59:10>> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the
86:59:12story.
86:59:14>> Water, food, and basic supplies go out
86:59:18into the car park free to anyone who
86:59:22needs them.
86:59:31She also opens the store's locked
86:59:34pharmacy and sends medicines to the
86:59:37local hospital, which has almost nothing
86:59:40left.
86:59:51A quick check before we move on. I want
86:59:54you to answer these questions.
86:59:57>> Are the supplies sold to people?
87:00:07>> No,
87:00:08they go out free to anyone who needs
87:00:13them.
87:00:15Does she send the medicines to the
87:00:17hospital or keep them?
87:00:25She sends medicines to the local
87:00:28hospital.
87:00:31What does she open?
87:00:38She opens the store's locked pharmacy.
87:00:44>> Now story is calling us. Let's continue.
87:00:48She is giving the company's goods away
87:00:51to strangers on nothing but her own
87:00:54judgment.
87:00:58Had she waited for permission, those
87:01:01medicines might have stayed locked away.
87:01:16Meanwhile, at headquarters,
87:01:19the head of the whole company, Lee
87:01:21Scott, had already sent a message down
87:01:25the chain.
87:01:37>> Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to
87:01:39answer the questions? Had she waited,
87:01:43might the medicines have stayed locked
87:01:46away?
87:01:53Yes.
87:01:55Had she waited for permission,
87:01:58those medicines might have stayed locked
87:02:01away.
87:02:03Is she acting on orders
87:02:07or on her own judgment?
87:02:14She is acting on nothing but her own
87:02:17judgment.
87:02:19Where had Lee Scott sent his message
87:02:23from
87:02:30at headquarters?
87:02:32Lee Scott had already sent a message
87:02:34down the chain.
87:02:38Good job. Let's continue the story.
87:02:42>> He told managers the company would
87:02:44respond at the level of the disaster and
87:02:48many would have to decide above their
87:02:51level.
87:03:03His instruction was simple.
87:03:05Make the best decision you can with the
87:03:08information you have and above all do
87:03:12the right thing.
87:03:26Okay, voice is up. Now here comes the
87:03:30questions.
87:03:32Did he tell managers to wait for orders?
87:03:43No.
87:03:45He said many would have to decide above
87:03:48their level.
87:03:51Was his instruction complicated
87:03:54or simple?
87:03:58His
87:04:01instruction was simple.
87:04:04Do the right thing.
87:04:08What did his instruction say above all?
87:04:16Above all,
87:04:19do the right thing.
87:04:23>> Great answers. Let's see what happens
87:04:25now. Empowered
87:04:28by that message, managers across the
87:04:30region did exactly that. And trucks of
87:04:34water and food rolled toward the coast
87:04:37the storm had torn through.
87:04:51In many places, those trucks arrived
87:04:54days before the government's own help.
87:05:05Here's where you do the talking. Go
87:05:08ahead and talk and build me full
87:05:11sentences.
87:05:13>> Were the managers empowered by the
87:05:16message?
87:05:24Yes.
87:05:25Empowered by that message, managers did
87:05:29exactly that.
87:05:31Did the trucks arrive before
87:05:35or after the government's help.
87:05:44In many places, they arrived days before
87:05:48the government's own help.
87:05:51Where did the trucks roll?
87:06:00They rolled toward the coast. The storm
87:06:03had torn through.
87:06:07>> Nice one. Let's continue.
87:06:10One local leader told a national
87:06:12television audience that had the
87:06:15government responded like the company,
87:06:18they would not be in this crisis.
87:06:32The famous name in this story is a giant
87:06:35retailer.
87:06:37The real hero is a woman almost nobody
87:06:41outside Waveland had heard of.
87:06:56>> Did that make sense? Now let's check.
87:06:59>> Had the government responded like the
87:07:01company, would they be in this crisis?
87:07:12No.
87:07:13Had the government responded like the
87:07:16company, they would not be in this
87:07:19crisis.
87:07:21Is the real hero a giant retailer
87:07:25or a woman?
87:07:33The real hero is a woman. almost nobody
87:07:37outside Waveland had heard of.
87:07:40Who told a national television audience
87:07:44this
87:07:50one local leader told a national
87:07:53television audience,
87:07:56>> "Great job. Now, back to the story."
87:08:00>> Still, she was not acting alone.
87:08:04The message from the top backed exactly
87:08:07this kind of initiative.
87:08:20Atal Gawandi tells this in the checklist
87:08:23manifesto
87:08:25in a chapter about problems too complex
87:08:28for any single expert to control.
87:08:43No pressure. Um, honestly, a little bit
87:08:45pressure. I want you to answer the
87:08:48questions in full sentences.
87:08:51>> Was she acting
87:08:53alone?
87:09:01No,
87:09:04the message from the top backed exactly
87:09:07this kind of initiative.
87:09:10Does Gowande tell this in the checklist
87:09:14manifesto
87:09:16or another book?
87:09:23Atal Gawande tells this in the checklist
87:09:27manifesto.
87:09:29What are the problems in that chapter
87:09:31too complex for?
87:09:38They are too complex for any single
87:09:41expert to control.
87:09:44>> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep
87:09:47moving.
87:09:49>> His conclusion surprised me.
87:09:52In a real crisis, the answer is not
87:09:56tighter central control,
87:09:59but clear goals and freedom at the
87:10:02edges.
87:10:14Trust people to act fast for others.
87:10:18Empower them with a clear purpose
87:10:22and they will often see what the people
87:10:24of the top cannot.
87:10:38>> All right, time to prove your focusing.
87:10:42Let's jump into it.
87:10:44In a crisis, is the answer tighter
87:10:48central control?
87:10:56No.
87:10:58The conclusion is clear goals and
87:11:02freedom at the edges.
87:11:05Should we control people or empower them
87:11:10with a clear purpose?
87:11:12Empower
87:11:16them with a clear purpose.
87:11:19What will empowered people often see?
87:11:29They will often see what the people of
87:11:32the top cannot.
87:11:36>> Here's on. Now, let's come to the next
87:11:37part. Should you find yourself waiting
87:11:41for permission,
87:11:42notice how often it is already there,
87:11:46hidden inside the purpose.
87:11:57A classmate is struggling before an
87:12:00exam.
87:12:02A new colleague is lost on the first
87:12:05day.
87:12:07Nobody has assigned you to help and no
87:12:10procedure tells you to.
87:12:24>> Let's hear you. Now it's your turn to
87:12:26speak.
87:12:28>> Should you find yourself waiting, is
87:12:31permission already there?
87:12:40Yes, it is often already there hidden
87:12:45inside the purpose.
87:12:48Has somebody assigned you to help
87:12:52or nobody?
87:12:57Nobody has assigned you to help.
87:13:00What does no procedure tell you?
87:13:07No procedure tells you to help.
87:13:12>> And now the big finish.
87:13:16>> Tomorrow, choose one of those moments
87:13:18and act before anyone assigns it.
87:13:24Share your notes. Explain the task.
87:13:28Send the message.
87:13:41You do not need a bulldozer.
87:13:45You only need to reach one conclusion.
87:13:49Doing the right thing is already within
87:13:53your level.
87:14:07Awesome. This is the final questions for
87:14:10this one. Go ahead. I don't want you to
87:14:12leave anything on the table. Try to
87:14:13answer every single question. Go ahead.
87:14:19>> Do you need a bulldozer?
87:14:26No, you do not need a bulldozer.
87:14:31Should you act before
87:14:35or after anyone assigns it?
87:14:41Act before anyone assigns it.
87:14:46What one conclusion do you need to
87:14:49reach?
87:14:55Doing the right thing is already within
87:14:58your level.
87:15:07The grammar we practice today,
87:15:10conditionals without if. Had she waited
87:15:13for permission, those medicines might
87:15:16have stayed locked away.
87:15:20One local leader told a national
87:15:22television audience that had the
87:15:25government responded like the company,
87:15:27they would not be in this crisis.
87:15:32Should you find yourself waiting for
87:15:34permission, notice how often it is
87:15:37already there, hidden inside the
87:15:40purpose.
87:15:47Congratulations
87:15:49You practiced 515 words in this story
87:15:53and you learned a lot.
87:15:57>> That's awesome.
87:16:03congratulations and let's keep going
87:16:08influence.
87:16:40Let's get us started with the story the
87:16:42small essay.
87:16:44>> The small essay from the book influence
87:16:49by Robert B. Chelini.
87:16:52Captor
87:16:54cooperate
87:16:57unsettling.
87:17:00Brainwashing
87:17:02voluntary
87:17:05consistency
87:17:07mechanism
87:17:10voyage
87:17:12disturbing
87:17:14live up to.
87:17:18Picture a few handwritten pages.
87:17:22An essay by an American soldier held in
87:17:25a prison camp during the Korean War.
87:17:40In careful sentences, the essay says
87:17:43that his own country has serious
87:17:45problems and that communism has certain
87:17:49advantages.
87:18:02Now, we're going to hear a question. I
87:18:05want you to answer it loudly in full
87:18:09sentences. Okay, let's go.
87:18:13Was the essay written by an American
87:18:16soldier?
87:18:24Yes,
87:18:25it was an essay by an American soldier
87:18:29held in a prison camp.
87:18:32Were the pages typed or handwritten?
87:18:41They were a few handwritten pages.
87:18:46What does the essay say about his own
87:18:49country?
87:18:55It says that his own country has serious
87:18:59problems.
87:19:02>> Now, back to the story.
87:19:05>> His reward for winning the camp's essay
87:19:08contest was tiny, perhaps a little fresh
87:19:11fruit.
87:19:13And nobody forced him to write it, at
87:19:16least not openly.
87:19:30After the war ended in 1953,
87:19:33American officials faced a disturbing
87:19:36puzzle about essays like this and the
87:19:40men who wrote them.
87:19:54Let's see what stayed in your mind.
87:19:57Let's go.
87:19:59>> Was his reward for winning the contest
87:20:02large?
87:20:10No, his reward was tiny. Perhaps a
87:20:15little fresh fruit.
87:20:18Was the puzzle comforting or disturbing?
87:20:27American officials faced a disturbing
87:20:30puzzle.
87:20:32When did the war end?
87:20:40The war ended in 1953.
87:20:46>> Great job. Now, back to the story.
87:20:50>> Compared with earlier wars, remarkably
87:20:53few prisoners had tried to escape, and
87:20:56many had cooperated with their capttors
87:20:59in some way.
87:21:11Some had even informed on fellow
87:21:13prisoners, something rare among American
87:21:16captives before.
87:21:26Let's turn those ears into voice.
87:21:31Did many prisoners cooperate with their
87:21:33capttors?
87:21:40Yes,
87:21:42many had cooperated with their capttors
87:21:45in some way.
87:21:47Had many prisoners tried to escape or
87:21:51remarkably few.
87:21:57Remarkably few prisoners had tried to
87:22:00escape.
87:22:02What had some prisoners even done?
87:22:10Some had even informed on fellow
87:22:13prisoners.
87:22:16So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen.
87:22:21>> Think for a moment.
87:22:23How do you persuade thousands of trained
87:22:26soldiers to work quietly against their
87:22:30own side?
87:22:42The obvious answer is force, beatings,
87:22:46threats,
87:22:47and some dark technique that newspapers
87:22:51of the time were calling brainwashing.
87:23:06No, the floor is yours. Let's go.
87:23:10>> Is force the obvious answer?
87:23:18Yes, the obvious answer is force.
87:23:25Were newspapers calling it brainwashing
87:23:29or training?
87:23:36Newspapers of the time were calling it
87:23:39brainwashing.
87:23:41What were the soldiers persuaded to do?
87:23:51They were persuaded to work quietly
87:23:53against their own side.
87:23:57>> Now relax your voice and let's continue
87:24:00listening.
87:24:02Not convinced by that answer, a young
87:24:05psychologist, Edgar Shine, interviewed
87:24:09returning prisoners on their voyage
87:24:11home.
87:24:21What he heard on that voyage and what
87:24:24other researchers found was quieter
87:24:29and far more unsettling than torture.
87:24:45A quick check before we move on. I want
87:24:48you to answer these questions.
87:24:50Not convinced by the answer, did Shine
87:24:54interview the prisoners?
87:25:02>> Yes.
87:25:04Not convinced by that answer, Edgar
87:25:07Shine interviewed returning prisoners.
87:25:12Did he interview them in a camp or on
87:25:16their voyage home?
87:25:21He interviewed them on their voyage
87:25:24home.
87:25:26What was far more unsettling
87:25:29than torture?
87:25:37What he heard on that voyage was far
87:25:41more unsettling than torture.
87:25:46>> Nice one. Let's continue.
87:25:49The captives began with requests so
87:25:52small that refusing seemed silly, such
87:25:55as writing that the United States was
87:25:57not perfect.
87:26:09Almost anyone would agree.
87:26:12Then came a bigger request to list a few
87:26:16of those problems and sign your name
87:26:19underneath.
87:26:33Okay, questions time.
87:26:36>> Did the capttors begin with big
87:26:39requests?
87:26:46No,
87:26:48the captives began with requests so
87:26:51small that refusing seemed silly.
87:26:55Did prisoners first write that the
87:26:57country was perfect or not perfect?
87:27:07They wrote that the United States was
87:27:10not perfect.
87:27:13What was the bigger request?
87:27:22The bigger request was to list a few
87:27:25problems and sign your name.
87:27:30>> Okay. Okay, now listening mode.
87:27:33>> Having signed his list, a prisoner might
87:27:37then be asked to read it aloud to a
87:27:39discussion group or to expand it into a
87:27:43short essay.
87:27:54Broadcast on the camp radio with the
87:27:56writer's name attached. The essays let
87:28:00everyone know exactly where he stood.
87:28:14Speaking time, I don't want you to
87:28:16overthink it. Just open your mouth and
87:28:18just talk whatever you remember from the
87:28:21story.
87:28:22>> Having signed his list, might a prisoner
87:28:26read it aloud?
87:28:34Yes.
87:28:36Having signed his list, a prisoner might
87:28:39read it aloud to a group.
87:28:43Were the essays broadcast on the camp
87:28:46radio or kept secret?
87:28:54Broadcast on the camp radio. The essays
87:28:57let everyone know where he stood.
87:29:01What might a prisoner expand his list
87:29:05into?
87:29:10He might expand it into a short essay.
87:29:15Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's
87:29:18keep it up and jump into the story.
87:29:22>> That was the missing clue.
87:29:26Each step was small, apparently
87:29:29voluntary and public, and each one was
87:29:32written down.
87:29:44Having put his name to those words, the
87:29:48prisoner began to see himself
87:29:50differently as the kind of person who
87:29:53really held those views.
87:30:07Here's where you do the talking. Go
87:30:10ahead and talk and build me full
87:30:13sentences. Was
87:30:15each step written down?
87:30:22Yes,
87:30:24each one was written down.
87:30:28Having put his name to those words, did
87:30:31he stay the same or change?
87:30:41Having put his name to those words, he
87:30:44began to see himself differently.
87:30:48What was the missing clue?
87:30:57Each step was small, apparently
87:31:00voluntary, and public.
87:31:04>> That was amazing. Now, let's continue
87:31:07and enjoy the story.
87:31:09Psychologists call this mechanism the
87:31:13pull of consistency.
87:31:17Once we commit to something in writing,
87:31:19we tend to act in line with it.
87:31:34The prisoners who cooperated were not
87:31:37weak or foolish.
87:31:40They were human.
87:31:42And humans want their actions and their
87:31:45sense of self to match.
87:32:01Great speaking time. Now let's jump into
87:32:04the speaking time.
87:32:07>> Were the prisoners who cooperated
87:32:10weak?
87:32:17No.
87:32:19The prisoners who cooperated were not
87:32:22weak or foolish.
87:32:25Do psychologists call this mechanism
87:32:29consistency
87:32:31or brainwashing?
87:32:40Psychologists call this mechanism
87:32:43the [gasps] pull of consistency.
87:32:48What do humans
87:32:50want?
87:32:57Humans want their actions and their
87:33:00sense of self to match.
87:33:05>> All right, let's see if you've guessed
87:33:06it right. Let's go to the next part of
87:33:08the story.
87:33:10>> The unsettling answer.
87:33:12No brainwashing had broken them in one
87:33:16dramatic moment. Small commitments had
87:33:21slowly rebuilt how they saw themselves.
87:33:35It is a disturbing story. Yet the same
87:33:38mechanism works just as powerfully for
87:33:41you when you choose your commitments on
87:33:45purpose.
87:33:58Did that make sense? Now let's check.
87:34:02Had brainwashing broken them in one
87:34:05dramatic moment.
87:34:14No.
87:34:15No. brainwashing had broken them in one
87:34:18dramatic moment.
87:34:21Is the answer comforting or unsettling?
87:34:30The answer is unsettling.
87:34:35What had slowly rebuilt how they saw
87:34:38themselves?
87:34:46Small commitments had slowly rebuilt how
87:34:50they saw themselves.
87:34:53>> See, English is already coming out of
87:34:56you. Now listen and let's continue.
87:35:00>> Most learners never write down who they
87:35:03are trying to become.
87:35:05Their goals stay private and vague with
87:35:09nothing to live up to.
87:35:21A voluntary written, even slightly
87:35:24public statement carries weight.
87:35:28It quietly asks you to live up to it.
87:35:43Okay, voice is up. Now, here comes the
87:35:46questions.
87:35:49>> Do most learners write down who they are
87:35:52trying to become?
87:35:59No,
87:36:01most learners never write down who they
87:36:04are trying to become.
87:36:07Does a written statement carry weight or
87:36:12none?
87:36:19A voluntary, written, even slightly
87:36:23public statement carries weight.
87:36:28What does a written statement quietly
87:36:30ask you?
87:36:36It quietly asks you to live up to it.
87:36:43And now the big finish
87:36:46>> tonight. Write one honest sentence in
87:36:50English that begins,
87:36:53"I am someone who,"
87:36:56and end it with a habit you can keep.
87:37:10Sign it. Put it where you will see it
87:37:13each morning and tell one of the people
87:37:16you spend most time with.
87:37:26Then the people around you help hold you
87:37:29to it
87:37:31and consistency
87:37:33starts its slow work on you.
87:37:48All right, final questions. I want you
87:37:51to answer full sentences and let's go.
87:37:55>> Should you write your sentence in
87:37:58English?
87:38:05>> Yes.
87:38:06Write one honest sentence in English.
87:38:12Should you hide the sentence
87:38:16or put it where you will see it?
87:38:22Put it where you will see it each
87:38:26morning.
87:38:28What starts its slow work on you?
87:38:37Consistency starts its slow work on you.
87:38:48The grammar we practice today, advanced
87:38:51participle clauses.
87:38:54Not convinced by that answer, a young
87:38:57psychologist, Edgar Shine, interviewed
87:39:00returning prisoners on their voyage
87:39:02home.
87:39:04Having signed his list, a prisoner might
87:39:07then be asked to read it aloud to a
87:39:09discussion group or to expand it into a
87:39:12short essay
87:39:15broadcast on the camp radio with the
87:39:17writer's name attached. The essays let
87:39:20everyone know exactly where he stood.
87:39:25Having put his name to those words, the
87:39:28prisoner began to see himself
87:39:30differently as the kind of person who
87:39:32really held those views.
87:39:41Congratulations.
87:39:43You practiced 518
87:39:46words in this story and you learned a
87:39:49lot.
87:39:52>> Well done.
87:39:53And here's the thing.
87:39:57You are constantly learning something
87:39:59new. You're learning how to think in an
87:40:02ambitious way.
87:40:14And that's amazing.
87:40:31I want you to listen to what happened.
87:40:34Let's go.
87:40:43for
87:41:12I
87:41:33forchech.
87:42:02for
87:42:24overall. All
87:42:54for
87:43:06Twitter.
87:43:20foreignch.
87:43:50forchech.
87:44:24Draw
87:44:27[clears throat]
87:44:49Awesome.
87:45:12It's something amazing. It's something
87:45:13totally crazy.
87:45:24the tipping point.
87:45:26It's very nice.
87:45:44Let's get it started with the new story.
87:45:47The Clean Car.
87:45:49>> The Clean Car from the book The Tipping
87:45:53Point by Malcolm Gladwell.
87:45:56Fair dodging,
87:45:59cosmetic,
87:46:01vandal,
87:46:04symbolic,
87:46:06disorder,
87:46:09aging,
87:46:11unsafe,
87:46:13dispute,
87:46:16barrier,
87:46:18incharge.
87:46:21New York, 1984.
87:46:26A subway train pulls into the station
87:46:29and every surface inside and out is
87:46:33covered in spray paint.
87:46:47The aging system carries millions of
87:46:49people a day and it is collapsing.
87:46:54Trains break down, fires start on the
87:46:58tracks and passengers feel unsafe.
87:47:14That's amazing. I want you to listen to
87:47:17the questions and answer in sentences.
87:47:21Build full sentences, not just words.
87:47:24Okay, let's go.
87:47:26Is the train covered in spray paint?
87:47:36Yes.
87:47:38Every surface inside and out is covered
87:47:41in spray paint.
87:47:43Do passengers feel safe
87:47:47or unsafe?
87:47:49[snorts]
87:47:52Passengers
87:47:54feel unsafe.
87:47:57What is happening to the aging system?
87:48:05The aging system is collapsing.
87:48:10All right, let's see if you've guessed
87:48:12it right. Let's go to the next part of
87:48:14the story.
87:48:15>> A new president arrives to run it.
87:48:20David Gun is an experienced railway
87:48:23manager and he has a huge budget to
87:48:27rebuild the system.
87:48:40Experts urge him to start with the big
87:48:43things. Broken tracks, failing signals,
87:48:47crime.
87:48:49The graffiti, they say, is cosmetic.
87:49:05Let's see what stayed in your mind.
87:49:08Let's go.
87:49:10Does David Gun have a small budget?
87:49:20No, he has a huge budget to rebuild the
87:49:24system.
87:49:26Do experts call the graffiti serious
87:49:30or cosmetic?
87:49:37The experts say the graffiti is
87:49:41cosmetic.
87:49:43What do the experts urge him to start
87:49:46with?
87:49:54They urge him to start with the big
87:49:56things. Tracks, signals, crime.
87:50:02>> Good job. Let's continue the story.
87:50:06>> He disagrees.
87:50:10The graffiti was symbolic of the
87:50:12collapse of the system, he later said.
87:50:18His
87:50:26thinking follows a theory called broken
87:50:29windows.
87:50:30Visible disorder tends to invite more
87:50:34disorder because it signals that nobody
87:50:38is in charge.
87:50:51No pressure. Um, honestly, a little bit
87:50:54pressure. I want you to answer the
87:50:56questions in full sentences.
87:51:00>> Does visible disorder tend to invite
87:51:03more disorder?
87:51:12>> Yes.
87:51:14Visible disorder tends to invite more
87:51:18disorder.
87:51:20Does he agree or disagree with the
87:51:24experts?
87:51:28He disagrees.
87:51:32What was the graffiti symbolic of? He
87:51:35said
87:51:41the graffiti was symbolic of the
87:51:44collapse of the system.
87:51:48>> See, English is already coming out of
87:51:51you. Now listen and let's continue.
87:51:54>> So the first goal is not a faster train.
87:51:59The first goal is a clean one.
87:52:11He starts with a single line, then
87:52:14another, and sets a rule that sounds
87:52:17almost stubborn.
87:52:20Once a car is clean, it stays clean.
87:52:36Okay, questions time. Let's jump into
87:52:39it.
87:52:40>> Is the first goal a faster train?
87:52:50No.
87:52:52The first goal is a clean one.
87:52:56Does he start with every line
87:53:00or a single line?
87:53:07He starts with a single line then
87:53:11another.
87:53:13What is his stubborn rule?
87:53:21Once a car is clean, it stays clean.
87:53:28>> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen.
87:53:32>> At the end of each run, the cars are
87:53:35checked.
87:53:37A car with fresh paint is cleaned at
87:53:40once or taken out of service.
87:53:54A painted car is never allowed to mix
87:53:58with clean ones.
87:54:01Vandals must never see their work
87:54:04carried through the city.
87:54:17Okay, speaking time. Speak your mind.
87:54:21Can a painted car mix with clean ones?
87:54:26[clears throat]
87:54:32No.
87:54:33A painted car is never allowed to mix
87:54:37with clean ones.
87:54:39Is a painted car cleaned at once
87:54:44or next month?
87:54:51A car with fresh paint is cleaned at
87:54:56once.
87:54:58What must vandals never see?
87:55:07Vandals must never see their work
87:55:11carried through the city.
87:55:14>> Okay, now listening mode.
87:55:18>> In a trainyard in Harlem, a group of
87:55:21teenagers spends three nights painting
87:55:24one car in careful detail.
87:55:36The cleaners wait for the vandals to
87:55:38finish.
87:55:40Then they roll fresh paint over the
87:55:43whole thing. And the work never carries
87:55:47a passenger.
87:56:00That's amazing. Now you want to speak
87:56:03what you have read and listened.
87:56:06>> Do the teenagers spend three nights
87:56:09painting one car?
87:56:18>> Yes.
87:56:20They spend three nights painting one
87:56:24car.
87:56:25Do the cleaners stop the vandals
87:56:30or wait for them to finish?
87:56:36The cleaners wait for the vandals to
87:56:39finish.
87:56:41What do the cleaners do then?
87:56:48They row fresh paint over the whole
87:56:52thing.
87:56:54Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's
87:56:57keep it up and jump into the story.
87:57:01It is slow, dull, patient work.
87:57:07Month after month, line after line, the
87:57:11paint comes off and does not come back.
87:57:26May 1989,
87:57:29the last graffiti covered car is taken
87:57:33out of service.
87:57:35The trains are clean.
87:57:48Now the goal changes.
87:57:52The next target is fair dodging.
87:57:55People jumping the barriers instead of
87:57:58paying.
87:58:09Okay, let's pause for a second. Now I'm
87:58:11going to ask you questions. Now it's
87:58:13over to you to answer them.
87:58:16>> Is the work fast and exciting?
87:58:26>> No,
87:58:28it is slow, dull, patient work.
87:58:33Is the next target graffiti
87:58:37or fair dodging?
87:58:44The next target is fair dodging.
87:58:49What are people jumping instead of
87:58:51paying?
87:58:56People are jumping the barriers instead
87:58:59of paying.
87:59:02>> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep
87:59:04moving.
87:59:061990,
87:59:09a new transit police chief goes after
87:59:12fair dodging at the barriers,
87:59:15and a surprising number of those
87:59:17arrested turn out to be wanted or armed.
87:59:33Through the '9s, crime on the subway and
87:59:36then across the city falls.
87:59:49>> Let's turn those ears into voice.
87:59:53>> Does the police chief go after fair
87:59:55dodging at the barriers?
88:00:04Yes, he goes after fair dodging at the
88:00:08barriers.
88:00:11Does crime rise or fall through the '9s?
88:00:20Crime falls dramatically through the
88:00:24'9s.
88:00:26What do many of those arrested turn out
88:00:29to be?
88:00:36A surprising number turn out to be
88:00:39wanted or armed.
88:00:44>> Great answers. Let's see what happens
88:00:46now. In the tipping point, Malcolm
88:00:50Gladwell argues that these small signals
88:00:54helped tip the city toward order.
88:01:08The clean trains were arguably only one
88:01:11cause.
88:01:13Other researchers dispute his emphasis,
88:01:16crediting a stronger economy, an aging
88:01:19population, and more police.
88:01:34Okay, questions time.
88:01:37>> Were the clean trains arguably the only
88:01:40cause
88:01:48No,
88:01:50the clean trains were arguably only one
88:01:53cause.
88:01:55Do other researchers agree with Gladwell
88:01:59or dispute his emphasis?
88:02:05Other researchers dispute his emphasis.
88:02:09What do other researchers credit?
88:02:19They credit a stronger economy, an aging
88:02:23population, and more police.
88:02:28>> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the
88:02:30story.
88:02:32>> What nobody disputes is what riders saw.
88:02:37The trains appeared to have someone in
88:02:40charge and no longer felt unsafe.
88:02:56Fix the small signs and big things tend
88:02:59to follow because the small signs tell
88:03:02everyone including you what standard
88:03:07lives here
88:03:20speaking time. Try answering with words
88:03:24you just heard. Go ahead.
88:03:27>> Did the trains appear to have someone in
88:03:30charge?
88:03:37Yes.
88:03:39The trains appear to have someone in
88:03:43charge.
88:03:45Do big things tend to follow small signs
88:03:50or stay the same?
88:03:58Fix the small signs and big things tend
88:04:03to follow.
88:04:06What does nobody dispute?
88:04:13Nobody disputes what Ryder saw.
88:04:18>> Now back to the story.
88:04:21Your study life has its own graffiti.
88:04:24Unanswered messages, a cluttered desk,
88:04:28the lesson you skipped that nobody
88:04:30noticed.
88:04:41Each one looks cosmetic, yet each one is
88:04:46symbolic.
88:04:49It quietly tells you that nobody is in
88:04:52charge of your learning.
88:05:05>> Did that make sense? Now, let's check.
88:05:09>> Does your study life have its own
88:05:12graffiti?
88:05:18Yes,
88:05:20your study life has its own graffiti.
88:05:25Is each one cosmetic
88:05:28or symbolic?
88:05:36Each one looks cosmetic yet each one is
88:05:40symbolic.
88:05:43What does each one quietly tell you?
88:05:52It tells you that nobody is in charge of
88:05:56your learning.
88:05:59>> Now, this is the final part. I want you
88:06:01to focus and jump into it.
88:06:05>> Start the way the subway did with one
88:06:09clean car.
88:06:12One desk, one habit, one standard you
88:06:16keep every day.
88:06:29When it slips, clean it before it runs
88:06:33again.
88:06:35Never let a painted day ride alongside
88:06:38the clean ones.
88:06:50One final question, bro. You've done the
88:06:53whole thing. Now, let's do the final
88:06:55one.
88:06:56>> Should you start with every habit at
88:06:59once?
88:07:06No.
88:07:08Start with one clean car, one desk, one
88:07:12habit, one standard.
88:07:16When it slips, should you clean it or
88:07:19leave it?
88:07:25When it slips, clean it before it runs
88:07:28again.
88:07:30What should never ride alongside the
88:07:33clean ones?
88:07:40A painted day should never ride
88:07:43alongside the clean ones.
88:07:52The grammar we practice today, hedging.
88:07:56His thinking follows a theory called
88:07:59broken windows. Visible disorder tends
88:08:02to invite more disorder because it
88:08:05signals that nobody is in charge.
88:08:10The clean trains were arguably only one
88:08:13cause.
88:08:16What nobody disputes is what riders saw.
88:08:19The trains appeared to have someone in
88:08:21charge and no longer felt unsafe.
88:08:27Fix the small signs and big things tend
88:08:30to follow because the small signs tell
88:08:33everyone including you what standard
88:08:36lives here.
88:08:44Congratulations.
88:08:45You practiced 512 words in this story
88:08:49and you learned a lot.
88:08:53>> That's amazing. If you notice something,
88:09:07and you're doing it at the same time.
88:09:09That's such a great accomplishment.
88:09:13Originals.
88:09:28Let's get started with the story. As big
88:09:32as the PC. As big as the PC from the
88:09:36book originals by Adam Grant.
88:09:41Redesign
88:09:44speculate
88:09:46thrill
88:09:48commuter
88:09:50pavement
88:09:53patrol.
88:09:55Nowhere near
88:09:58hype.
88:10:00Certainty
88:10:02celebrated.
88:10:06Imagine a machine that reads your
88:10:10balance.
88:10:13Lean forward and it rolls forward along
88:10:16the pavement. Lean back and it gently
88:10:20slows, then stops.
88:10:33In 2001, that machine was surrounded by
88:10:37more hype than almost any invention,
88:10:42and almost nobody had actually seen it.
88:10:58No one word answer. I don't want you to
88:10:59give me like ah small answers. I want
88:11:01you to give me full sentences aloud and
88:11:04when you're going to hear and listen to
88:11:06the sentence, repeat it yourself. Okay,
88:11:09let's go.
88:11:11>> Does the machine row forward along the
88:11:14pavement? When you lean forward.
88:11:24Yes.
88:11:26Lean forward and it rolls forward along
88:11:29the pavement.
88:11:32In 2001,
88:11:35was the machine surrounded by hype
88:11:39or by silence?
88:11:47by hype.
88:11:50It was surrounded by more hype than
88:11:52almost any invention.
88:11:56How many people had actually seen the
88:11:59machine?
88:12:04Almost nobody had actually seen it.
88:12:09>> Great job. Now, back to the story.
88:12:12Its inventor Dean Cayman was a brilliant
88:12:15engineer with a long record of genuinely
88:12:18useful medical devices behind him.
88:12:30Before the launch, a few people were
88:12:32allowed to try prototypes
88:12:35and some of the most celebrated judges
88:12:37of technology fell in love. Awesome.
88:12:44[laughter]
88:12:53Now it's speaking turn.
88:12:56>> Was the inventor a brilliant engineer?
88:13:06Yes,
88:13:08Dean Cayman was a brilliant engineer
88:13:12with a long record of useful medical
88:13:14devices.
88:13:17Did these celebrated judges hate the
88:13:20prototypes
88:13:22or fall in love?
88:13:31They fell in love.
88:13:35Some of the most celebrated judges of
88:13:37technology fell in love.
88:13:41What were a few people allowed to try
88:13:44before the launch?
88:13:50They were allowed to try prototypes.
88:13:55Now, back to the story.
88:13:58Steve Jobs reportedly called it as big a
88:14:01deal as the PC and other famous names
88:14:06agreed.
88:14:16John Dur, one of Silicon Valley's best
88:14:18known investors, speculated that it
88:14:21could well matter even more than the
88:14:24internet.
88:14:36A quick check before we move on. I want
88:14:38you to answer these questions.
88:14:41>> Did Dur speculate
88:14:44that it could well matter more than the
88:14:47internet?
88:14:55Yes.
88:14:57He speculated that it could well matter
88:15:00even more than the internet.
88:15:03Did Jobs compare it to the PC
88:15:08or to the phone?
88:15:16To the PC.
88:15:18He reportedly called it as big a deal as
88:15:22the PC.
88:15:24who speculated
88:15:26about the internet.
88:15:34John Dur, one of Silicon Valley's best
88:15:37known investors.
88:15:41>> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's
88:15:44keep it up and jump into the story.
88:15:47>> Money followed the hype.
88:15:50Demand, the company believed, was bound
88:15:53to be enormous.
88:15:55It prepared for tens of thousands of
88:15:58firstear sales.
88:16:11Then the Segway reached real customers
88:16:15and they did not arrive in anything like
88:16:18the numbers everyone had imagined.
88:16:30No pressure. Um, honestly, a little bit
88:16:33pressure. I want you to answer the
88:16:36questions in full sentences.
88:16:39>> Did the company believe demand was bound
88:16:42to be enormous?
88:16:50Yes.
88:16:51Demand the company believed was bound to
88:16:54be enormous.
88:16:57Did money follow the hype
88:17:00or the evidence?
88:17:06The hype.
88:17:09Money followed the hype.
88:17:12What happened when the Segway reached
88:17:15real customers?
88:17:22They did not arrive in anything like the
88:17:25numbers everyone had imagined.
88:17:29>> Here's on. Now let's come to the next
88:17:31part.
88:17:33Within its first two years, sales were
88:17:36only around 6,000.
88:17:39Nowhere near the forecasts.
88:17:42[clears throat]
88:17:44Cities did not redesign themselves
88:17:46around it.
88:17:59It found a place with tourists,
88:18:02warehouses, and security patrols.
88:18:07A clever patrol vehicle, however, is
88:18:10nowhere near a revolution.
88:18:25Now it's yours. Go ahead and talk loudly
88:18:30as much as you can.
88:18:32>> Did cities redesign themselves around
88:18:35the segue?
88:18:42>> No.
88:18:44cities did not redesign themselves
88:18:47around it.
88:18:50Were sales near the forecasts
88:18:53or nowhere near them?
88:19:02Nowhere near.
88:19:06Sales were only around 6,000 in the
88:19:09first two years.
88:19:12Where did the Segue find a place?
88:19:22It found a place with tourists,
88:19:25warehouses,
88:19:26and security patrols.
88:19:30>> Okay, now listening mode.
88:19:33>> Originals opens a chapter with the
88:19:36uncomfortable question this raises.
88:19:40How could such experienced judges be so
88:19:45completely wrong,
88:19:58bad luck, a high price,
88:20:01and unclear rules about riding on
88:20:05pavements
88:20:06may well have played a part.
88:20:19Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and
88:20:21speak.
88:20:23>> Could unclear rules about pavements have
88:20:26played a part?
88:20:34Yes.
88:20:36unclear rules about riding on pavements
88:20:40may well have played a part.
88:20:43Were the judges inexperienced
88:20:47or experienced?
88:20:55Experienced.
88:20:58They were experienced judges and they
88:21:01were completely wrong.
88:21:04Which book opens a chapter with this
88:21:07question?
88:21:14Originals opens a chapter with this
88:21:18uncomfortable question.
88:21:22>> See, English is already coming out of
88:21:24you. Now listen and let's continue.
88:21:28>> The book points deeper. Their instincts
88:21:33had been trained on computers and
88:21:35software, a field where their confidence
88:21:39had genuinely been earned.
88:21:52Personal transport was a different world
88:21:56with different customers, costs, and
88:21:59habits.
88:22:01And they carried that certainty into it
88:22:04without noticing the change.
88:22:18>> Did that make sense? Now let's check.
88:22:21>> Had their instincts been trained on
88:22:24personal transport?
88:22:33No,
88:22:35their instincts have been trained on
88:22:37computers and software.
88:22:41Did they notice the change
88:22:44or carry their certainty in without
88:22:47noticing?
88:22:55They carried that certainty into it
88:22:59without noticing the change.
88:23:03Where had their confidence genuinely
88:23:06been earned
88:23:14in computers and software where their
88:23:17confidence had genuinely been earned?
88:23:23>> Great answers. Let's see what happens
88:23:25now.
88:23:27>> Maybe the ride itself made it worse.
88:23:32Riding it for the first time was
88:23:34thrilling. And that thrill felt like
88:23:39information.
88:23:52It replaced the harder questions nobody
88:23:55asked.
88:23:57Who needs this every day?
88:24:01Where would a commuter leave it?
88:24:04Would an ordinary commuter pay thousands
88:24:07for it?
88:24:20All right, time to prove your focusing.
88:24:24Let's jump into it. Was riding it for
88:24:27the first time thrilling?
88:24:37Yes, it was thrilling.
88:24:40And that thrill felt like information.
88:24:43[clears throat]
88:24:45Did the thrill feel like information
88:24:49or like a warning?
88:24:57like information.
88:25:01That thrill felt like [clears throat]
88:25:04information.
88:25:06Which question about a commuter did
88:25:09nobody ask?
88:25:15Would an ordinary commuter pay thousands
88:25:18for it?
88:25:20>> Nice one. Let's continue.
88:25:24The irony is painful.
88:25:27[sighs] The people most celebrated for
88:25:30speculating about the future were the
88:25:33most excited,
88:25:35and their excitement made them less
88:25:38careful.
88:25:50Excitement is not evidence.
88:25:54It tells you about the person feeling it
88:25:57and very little about the market, the
88:26:00student or the plan.
88:26:15Every sentence,
88:26:17speak it out loud. Okay, let's go.
88:26:20were the most celebrated experts also
88:26:24the most careful?
88:26:32No,
88:26:34they were the most excited
88:26:37and their excitement made them less
88:26:39careful.
88:26:41Does excitement tell you about the
88:26:44market or about the person feeling it?
88:26:54about the person feeling it and very
88:26:58little about the market.
88:27:02Who were the most excited people?
88:27:10The people most celebrated for
88:27:13speculating about the future.
88:27:17Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep
88:27:19moving.
88:27:21>> That matters because ambition runs on
88:27:25excitement.
88:27:27You need it to start.
88:27:30You cannot rely on it to decide.
88:27:45Think of the last plan that made your
88:27:47heart race. A study method, a course, a
88:27:51business idea.
88:28:01Here is where you do the talking. Go
88:28:04ahead and talk and build me full
88:28:06sentences.
88:28:08Can you rely on excitement to decide?
88:28:19No,
88:28:21you need it to start and you cannot rely
88:28:25on it to decide.
88:28:27Does ambition run on excitement or on
88:28:31fear?
88:28:38on excitement.
88:28:42Ambition runs on excitement.
88:28:45What kinds of plans might make your
88:28:48heart race?
88:28:55Plans like a study method, a course, a
88:28:59business idea.
88:29:02All right, let's see if you've guessed
88:29:04it right. Let's go to the next part of
88:29:06the story.
88:29:08>> How much of your certainty came from the
88:29:10feeling and how much from people who had
88:29:13actually tried it and reported back.
88:29:26Excitement is a fine starting signal.
88:29:30Before you commit, let a small test, not
88:29:34the feeling, close the investigation.
88:29:50>> That's amazing. Now you want to speak
88:29:52what you have read and listened.
88:29:55Should the feeling close the
88:29:58investigation?
88:30:06No.
88:30:08Let a small test, not the feeling, close
88:30:13the investigation.
88:30:15Should certainty come from the feeling
88:30:20or from people who tried it?
88:30:29from people who had actually tried it
88:30:32and reported back, not the feeling.
88:30:37What is excitement good for?
88:30:43Excitement is a fine starting signal.
88:30:48And now the big finish.
88:30:52>> Before you redesign your whole week
88:30:55around a new routine, try it for two
88:30:58weeks. That trial will teach you more
88:31:02than a month of imagining.
88:31:15Your next big idea is bound to feel
88:31:19thrilling.
88:31:22So ask,
88:31:23if this plan did not excite me at all,
88:31:28what evidence would I still need?
88:31:43The last round of questions. Let's end
88:31:46on a high note. Okay, let's go.
88:31:50>> Should you redesign your whole week
88:31:53before a trial?
88:32:02>> No.
88:32:04Try a new routine for two weeks before
88:32:07you redesign your whole week.
88:32:11Will a 2 week trial or a month of
88:32:14imagining teach you more?
88:32:24The 2 week trial.
88:32:28It will teach you more than a month of
88:32:30imagining.
88:32:32How is your next big idea bound to feel?
88:32:41Your next big idea is bound to feel
88:32:45thrilling.
88:32:53The grammar we practice today, modals of
88:32:57speculation.
88:32:58John Doer, one of Silicon Valley's best
88:33:01known investors, speculated that it
88:33:04could well matter even more than the
88:33:06internet.
88:33:09Demand, the company believed, was bound
88:33:12to be enormous. It prepared for tens of
88:33:14thousands of firstear sales.
88:33:20Bad luck, a high price, and unclear
88:33:23rules about riding on pavements may well
88:33:26have played a part.
88:33:29Your next big idea is bound to feel
88:33:32thrilling.
88:33:40Congratulations.
88:33:42You practiced 513
88:33:45words in this story and you learned a
88:33:48lot.
88:33:50Honestly, well done.
88:33:56And uh this is the important thing. You
88:33:59you're you're improving your English.
88:34:00You're improving your mindset and that's
88:34:03going to make you a undestroyable
88:34:07man or or like undesirable guy. So
88:34:11that's amazing. [laughter]
88:34:14The obstacle is the way.
88:34:20Oh my god.
88:34:22Obstacles.
88:35:15That's an amazing concept.
88:35:19Let's get started with the story. The
88:35:21School of Panic.
88:35:24>> The School of Panic. From the book, The
88:35:27Obstacle is the Way by Ryan Holiday.
88:35:32Bookkeeper,
88:35:34composure,
88:35:37temperament,
88:35:39victim,
88:35:41rumor,
88:35:43merchant,
88:35:45schooling,
88:35:48restructuring,
88:35:51uncertain,
88:35:53set aside.
88:35:56At 16, he walked from office to office
88:36:00in Cleveland
88:36:02for weeks
88:36:04until a small trading firm hired him to
88:36:07keep its books.
88:36:20At 18, before he had any money worth
88:36:23losing,
88:36:25the whole American economy began to come
88:36:29apart around him.
88:36:44No one word answer. I don't want you to
88:36:45give me like ah small answers. I want
88:36:47you to give me full sentences aloud and
88:36:50when you're going to hear and listen to
88:36:52the sentence, repeat it yourself. Okay,
88:36:55let's go. Did a small trading firm hire
88:37:00him to keep its books?
88:37:09Yes.
88:37:10A small trading firm hired him to keep
88:37:14its books.
88:37:16Was he 16
88:37:20or 18 when the economy began to come
88:37:24apart?
88:37:3218.
88:37:34At 18, the whole American economy began
88:37:39to come apart around him.
88:37:42How long did he walk from office to
88:37:46office?
88:37:53He walked from office to office in
88:37:55Cleveland
88:37:57for weeks.
88:38:01>> Good job. Let's continue the story.
88:38:04>> Many older merchants around him were
88:38:06frightened and with reason.
88:38:10It was the panic of 1857.
88:38:25Banks failed, firms closed, and
88:38:29merchants who had seemed permanent and
88:38:31wealthy were ruined,
88:38:35sometimes within weeks.
88:38:49Okay, questions time. Let's jump into
88:38:52it.
88:38:53>> Were the older merchants around him
88:38:57calm?
88:39:05No.
88:39:06Many older merchants around him were
88:39:09frightened
88:39:11and with reason.
88:39:13Was it the panic of 1857
88:39:18or a small local problem?
88:39:26It was the panic of 1857.
88:39:32What happened to merchants who had
88:39:34seemed permanent?
88:39:41They were ruined
88:39:43sometimes within weeks.
88:39:47>> Now relax your voice and let's continue
88:39:50listening.
88:39:52>> The young bookkeeper was John D.
88:39:56Rockefeller
88:39:57and his humble position gave him an
88:40:00unusual seat for watching a disaster.
88:40:16He did not own the business.
88:40:19He recorded it line by line, seeing
88:40:22exactly where money came from and went.
88:40:36Speaking time, I don't want you to
88:40:38overthink it. Just open your mouth and
88:40:41just talk whatever you remember from the
88:40:43story. Was the young bookkeeper
88:40:48John D. Rockefeller?
88:40:57Yes.
88:40:59The young bookkeeper was John D.
88:41:02Rockefeller.
88:41:05Did he own the business
88:41:08or recorded?
88:41:16He recorded it.
88:41:19He did not own the business. He recorded
88:41:22it line by line.
88:41:26What did his humble position give him?
88:41:36It gave him an unusual seat for watching
88:41:40a disaster.
88:41:43>> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen.
88:41:48>> Around him, traders seem to be reacting
88:41:51to every rumor, selling in fear, and
88:41:54making choices they would regret for
88:41:57years.
88:42:08He did something else.
88:42:11He studied the crisis as if it were a
88:42:14lesson prepared for him, noticing which
88:42:17habits failed and which held.
88:42:33Okay, speaking time. Speak your mind.
88:42:37>> Did the traders seem to be reacting to
88:42:40every rumor?
88:42:48Yes.
88:42:49Traders seem to be reacting to every
88:42:52rumor, selling in fear.
88:42:56Did he panic with the traders or study
88:43:00the crisis?
88:43:07He studied the crisis as if it were a
88:43:10lesson prepared for him.
88:43:13What did he notice while he studied the
88:43:16crisis?
88:43:23He noticed which habits failed and which
88:43:27held.
88:43:30>> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep
88:43:32moving.
88:43:34>> He seems to have noticed
88:43:37that the survivors were rarely the
88:43:40boldest firms.
88:43:43More often they had money set aside and
88:43:47leaders who kept their heads.
88:44:01He also appears to have seen how quickly
88:44:05fear can spread and how much people lose
88:44:09when they act before they understand.
88:44:25Okay, let's pause for a second. Now, I'm
88:44:27going to ask you questions. Now, it's
88:44:28over to you to answer them.
88:44:31Does he seem to have noticed that the
88:44:34boldest firms survived?
88:44:44No.
88:44:46He seems to have noticed that the
88:44:48survivors were rarely the boldest firms.
88:44:53Did survivors spend everything
88:44:57or have money set aside?
88:45:05They had money set aside and leaders who
88:45:09kept their heads.
88:45:11What does he appear to have seen about
88:45:15fear?
88:45:20He appears to have seen how quickly fear
88:45:24can spread.
88:45:27>> Great answers. Let's see what happens
88:45:29now.
88:45:31>> Maybe it was his temperament. He was a
88:45:34quiet, careful young man.
88:45:38Maybe it was his seat at the ledger.
88:45:42Most likely both.
88:45:55Either way, the panic seems to have
88:45:58trained a composure in him that stayed
88:46:02for the rest of his working life.
88:46:14>> Now test yourself.
88:46:17Was he a quiet, careful young man?
88:46:27Yes.
88:46:29Maybe it was his temperament.
88:46:31He was a quiet, careful young man.
88:46:36Was it his temperament
88:46:38or his seat at the ledger?
88:46:47Huh? Most likely
88:46:50his temperament and his seat at the
88:46:53ledger.
88:46:55What does the panic seem to have trained
88:46:58in him?
88:47:04The panic seems to have trained a
88:47:07composure in him.
88:47:11>> Now story is calling us. Let's continue.
88:47:15>> Later, crises came as they always do.
88:47:20When times turned uncertain, people
88:47:24around him again rushed to act at the
88:47:27worst moment.
88:47:40By then he had finished that hard
88:47:42schooling.
88:47:44Where others saw only danger, he kept
88:47:48his composure long enough to see
88:47:50clearly.
88:48:03Awesome. Now it's speaking turn.
88:48:07>> Did people around him stay calm when
88:48:10times turned uncertain?
88:48:19No.
88:48:20When times turned uncertain, people
88:48:23around him rushed to act at the worst
88:48:27moment.
88:48:29Did he lose his composure or keep it?
88:48:38He kept his composure
88:48:41long enough to see clearly.
88:48:45What had he finished by then?
88:48:53By then he had finished that hard
88:48:56schooling.
88:48:59>> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the
88:49:01story. His
88:49:04later business empire raises hard
88:49:07questions and that part of his life is
88:49:11not worth copying here.
88:49:22What is worth copying is the
88:49:25apprentichip.
88:49:27A teenager treating the worst year
88:49:30around him as his most important
88:49:34classroom.
88:49:47Did that make sense? Now, let's check.
88:49:50>> Is his later business empire worth
88:49:54copying here?
88:50:02No,
88:50:05that part of his life is not worth
88:50:08copying here.
88:50:10Is the empire
88:50:13or the apprentichip worth copying?
88:50:20The apprenticeship is worth copying.
88:50:24How did the teenager treat the worst
88:50:27year around him?
88:50:33He treated it as his most important
88:50:37classroom.
88:50:40>> All right, let's see if you've guessed
88:50:42it right. Let's go to the next part of
88:50:43the story.
88:50:45A crisis is a school if you stay
88:50:49californium.
88:50:52Panic makes you a victim of the lesson.
88:50:55Calm makes you its student.
88:51:09Your crises will be smaller and more
88:51:12personal, which makes them even easier
88:51:15to waste.
88:51:25Spotlight now is on you. I want you to
88:51:28answer the questions by actually
88:51:31talking. Let's go.
88:51:33>> Does panic make you a victim of the
88:51:37lesson?
88:51:44Yes. Panic makes you a victim of the
88:51:48lesson.
88:51:50Calm makes you its student.
88:51:54Will your crisis be bigger or smaller
88:51:59and more personal?
88:52:07smaller and more personal, which makes
88:52:10them even easier to waste.
88:52:15When is a crisis a school?
88:52:24A crisis is a school if you stay calm.
88:52:31>> That was amazing. Now let's continue and
88:52:34enjoy the story.
88:52:36>> A failed exam,
88:52:38a rejected application,
88:52:41a restructuring that makes your job
88:52:44uncertain,
88:52:46or a month when nothing works.
88:52:49[clears throat]
88:53:00In those moments, people will offer you
88:53:03panic and rumors for free and insist
88:53:07that you react immediately.
88:53:20Here's where you do the talking. Go
88:53:23ahead and talk and build me full
88:53:25sentences.
88:53:27>> Can a restructuring make your job
88:53:30uncertain?
88:53:38Yes,
88:53:40a restructuring can make your job
88:53:43uncertain.
88:53:45Will people offer you calm
88:53:49or panic and rumors?
88:53:55panic and rumors
88:53:58for free.
88:54:00What will people insist that you do?
88:54:08They will insist that you react
88:54:11immediately.
88:54:14>> Now, back to the story.
88:54:17>> Take the bookkeeper's seat instead.
88:54:21Watch carefully. Write down what is
88:54:24really happening and ask what it is
88:54:28teaching you.
88:54:40Which mistakes cost the most?
88:54:43Which habits held up?
88:54:46What would you set aside in money or
88:54:49time before the next restructuring?
88:55:05Okay, voice is up. Now, here comes the
88:55:08questions.
88:55:10>> Should you take the bookkeeper seat?
88:55:21Yes.
88:55:23Take the bookkeeper's seat instead
88:55:26and watch carefully.
88:55:29Should you react fast
88:55:32or write down what is really happening?
88:55:41Write down what is really happening.
88:55:44and ask what it is teaching you.
88:55:48What could you set aside before the next
88:55:52restructuring?
88:56:00You could set aside money
88:56:04or time before the next restructuring.
88:56:10And now the big finish.
88:56:14>> So, how old are you?
88:56:17Whatever the number, you are probably
88:56:20older than he was when his hard
88:56:23schooling began.
88:56:34That is no reason for regret.
88:56:38Whatever your temperament, you already
88:56:41carry experiences waiting to be studied,
88:56:45not simply survived.
88:56:58The next bad week will come.
88:57:03walk into it the way he did. Not as a
88:57:06victim, but as a student with a
88:57:09notebook.
88:57:22The last round of questions. Let's end
88:57:25on a high note. Okay, let's go.
88:57:29Are you probably older than he was when
88:57:32his schooling began?
88:57:41Yes.
88:57:43Whatever the number, you are probably
88:57:46older than he was.
88:57:48Should you walk into a bad week as a
88:57:51victim
88:57:53or a student?
88:58:00as a student with a notebook the way he
88:58:04did.
88:58:06What do you already carry? Whatever your
88:58:09temperament,
88:58:15you already carry experiences
88:58:19waiting to be studied.
88:58:29The grammar we practice today, perfect
88:58:32and continuous infinitives.
88:58:35Around him, traders seem to be reacting
88:58:37to every rumor, selling in fear, and
88:58:40making choices they would regret for
88:58:42years.
88:58:46He seems to have noticed that the
88:58:48survivors were rarely the boldest firms.
88:58:53He also appears to have seen how quickly
88:58:56fear can spread and how much people lose
88:58:59when they act before they understand.
88:59:05Either way, the panic seems to have
88:59:07trained a composure in him that stayed
88:59:10for the rest of his working life.
88:59:19Congratulations.
88:59:21You practiced 514
88:59:23words in this story and you learned a
88:59:26lot.
88:59:29>> See, that wasn't hard.
88:59:38This is amazing. Let's keep it up.
88:59:42influence.
89:00:13Let's jump into the story. The man in
89:00:16the gray coat.
89:00:19The man in the gray coat from the book
89:00:22Influence by Robert B. Chaldini.
89:00:27Obedience,
89:00:29conscience,
89:00:32deceive,
89:00:34decent,
89:00:37tremble,
89:00:39distressed,
89:00:41cruelty,
89:00:44strap,
89:00:46voltage,
89:00:48psychiatrist.
89:00:51Look at this machine.
89:00:55A long row of switches runs across its
89:00:57front with labels climbing from slight
89:01:01shock to danger, severe shock.
89:01:16It stood in a laboratory at Yale
89:01:19University built for an experiment by a
89:01:22young psychologist named Stanley Mgrim.
89:01:36That's amazing. I want you to listen to
89:01:39the questions and answer in sentences.
89:01:42Build full sentences, not just words.
89:01:45Okay, let's go.
89:01:48>> Do the switch labels climb
89:01:51from slight shock to
89:01:54severe shock?
89:02:02Yes.
89:02:04The labels climb from slight shock to
89:02:08danger. Severe shock.
89:02:12Did the machine stand in a hospital
89:02:16or a laboratory at Yale?
89:02:23In a laboratory at Yale University.
89:02:29Who built the experiment?
89:02:36A young psychologist named Stanley
89:02:40Mgrim.
89:02:43Now back to the story.
89:02:46>> Volunteers answered a newspaper
89:02:48advertisement for a study on memory and
89:02:51each was given the role of teacher.
89:03:03In the next room, strapped to a chair,
89:03:07sat the learner.
89:03:10The instructions demanded that every
89:03:12wrong answer be punished with a stronger
89:03:16shock.
89:03:29No pressure. Um, honestly, a little bit
89:03:31pressure. I want you to answer the
89:03:34questions in full sentences.
89:03:37Was the learner strapped to a chair?
89:03:48Yes.
89:03:50In the next room, strapped to a chair,
89:03:54sat the learner.
89:03:56Did the instructions demand that wrong
89:03:59answers be forgiven
89:04:03or punished?
89:04:11punished.
89:04:13The instructions demanded that every
89:04:16wrong answer be punished with a stronger
89:04:19shock.
89:04:21What role was each volunteer given?
89:04:29Each was given the role of teacher.
89:04:34Good job. Let's continue the story.
89:04:38>> As the voltage rose, the learner
89:04:41complained, then shouted, then begged to
89:04:45be released.
89:04:47Finally,
89:04:49he fell silent.
89:05:01When a teacher hesitated or trembled, a
89:05:05calm man in a gray lab coat said, "The
89:05:09experiment requires that you continue.
89:05:23Okay, let's pause for a second. Now I'm
89:05:26going to ask you questions. Now it's
89:05:27over to you to answer them.
89:05:30>> Did the learner fall silent as the
89:05:33voltage rose?
89:05:41>> Yes.
89:05:43He complained, shouted, begged,
89:05:47and finally fell silent.
89:05:51Did the man in the coat require that the
89:05:54teacher stop
89:05:57or continue?
89:06:05Continue.
89:06:08He said the experiment requires that you
89:06:13continue.
89:06:14What did a teacher sometimes do before
89:06:18the man spoke?
89:06:25A teacher hesitated
89:06:28or trembled.
89:06:31>> Now relax your voice and let's continue
89:06:34listening.
89:06:36>> Now make a guess.
89:06:39How many ordinary people would keep
89:06:41raising the voltage to the last switch?
89:06:45450
89:06:47volts.
89:06:59Most of us answer quickly.
89:07:02Almost nobody.
89:07:05Psychiatrists asked in advance agreed,
89:07:09predicting perhaps one in a thousand.
89:07:24That's amazing. Now you want to speak
89:07:26what you have read and listened.
89:07:29>> Did the psychiatrists expect many people
89:07:33to go to 450 votes?
89:07:43>> No.
89:07:45They predicted perhaps
89:07:47one in a thousand.
89:07:51Do most of us answer almost everybody
89:07:55or almost nobody?
89:08:05Almost nobody.
89:08:08Most of us answer quickly. Almost
89:08:11nobody.
89:08:13Who was asked in advance?
89:08:20Psychiatrists were asked in advance and
89:08:24they agreed.
89:08:26>> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep
89:08:29moving.
89:08:31In the version that made Mgrim famous of
89:08:3440 ordinary men from the area, the real
89:08:38answer was
89:08:41two out of three.
89:08:54Let that settle.
89:08:57The psychiatrists were wrong by a mile.
89:09:03Two out of three went all the way,
89:09:07distressed, trembling,
89:09:09some laughing nervously.
89:09:24Okay, questions time.
89:09:27Were the psychiatrists
89:09:30right?
89:09:36No,
89:09:38the psychiatrists were wrong by a mile.
89:09:43Were the teachers calm or distressed and
89:09:48trembling?
89:09:52Distressed
89:09:55and trembling,
89:09:58some were laughing nervously.
89:10:02How many of the 40 men went all the way?
89:10:09Two out of three went all the way.
89:10:14>> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the
89:10:16story.
89:10:19>> Here is the missing clue.
89:10:22The teachers were deceived.
89:10:26The man strapped to the chair was an
89:10:28actor and there were no real shocks.
89:10:43So why did decent people continue?
89:10:47Was it secret cruelty?
89:10:51Later versions of the experiment point
89:10:54to something else.
89:10:56Obedience.
89:11:10Now the table's turn. I'm going to ask
89:11:13you questions. You're going to do the
89:11:14talking. Let's go.
89:11:16Were the teachers deceived?
89:11:26Yes, the teachers were deceived.
89:11:31The man strapped to the chair was an
89:11:34actor.
89:11:36Were decent people secretly cruel
89:11:40or obedient?
89:11:48Later versions point to obedience, not
89:11:52secret cruelty.
89:11:55Were there any real shocks?
89:12:02No,
89:12:04there were no real shocks.
89:12:08>> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen.
89:12:13In one version, the roles were reversed.
89:12:16The man in the coat said, "Stop." While
89:12:19the learner demanded that the shocks go
89:12:22on.
89:12:33Every teacher stopped.
89:12:36The cruelty had never belonged to them.
89:12:40The obedience belonged to the coat, the
89:12:43title, and the calm voice.
89:12:58>> Let's hear you. Now it's your turn to
89:13:00speak.
89:13:02>> Did the learner demand that the shocks
89:13:04go on?
89:13:12Yes.
89:13:14The man in the coat said stop while the
89:13:17learner demanded that the shocks go on.
89:13:22Did the teachers obey the learner or
89:13:26stop?
89:13:31Every teacher stopped.
89:13:34What did the obedience belong to?
89:13:44It belonged to the coat, the title,
89:13:49and the calm voice.
89:13:53>> Nice one. Let's continue.
89:13:56>> In another, two other teachers secretly
89:14:00act as two refused to go on.
89:14:04Almost everyone else refused with them.
89:14:18That detail matters as much as the
89:14:20famous result.
89:14:22Authority pushed people forward.
89:14:26The people beside them could pull them
89:14:28back
89:14:30to their conscience.
89:14:43Now test yourself.
89:14:46>> Did almost everyone else refuse with
89:14:49them?
89:14:55>> Yes, almost everyone else refused with
89:15:00them.
89:15:02Did authority pull people back or push
89:15:06them forward?
89:15:14Authority pushed people forward. The
89:15:17people beside them could pull them back.
89:15:22Where could the people beside them pull
89:15:25them back to?
89:15:29back to their conscience.
89:15:34>> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's
89:15:37keep it up and jump into the story.
89:15:40>> Question authority when it asks you to
89:15:44do wrong.
89:15:48Respect for teachers, managers, and
89:15:50experts is healthy
89:15:53until it replaces your conscience.
89:16:06The study has its own critics.
89:16:10The volunteers were deceived and many
89:16:13were deeply distressed which would not
89:16:16be allowed today.
89:16:29Okay, voice is up. Now here comes the
89:16:32questions.
89:16:35>> Is respect for experts always healthy?
89:16:45No,
89:16:47it is healthy until it replaces your
89:16:50conscience.
89:16:53Would the study be allowed today or not?
89:17:03Not today.
89:17:05It would not be allowed today.
89:17:09Why does the study have critics?
89:17:18The volunteers were deceived and many
89:17:22were deeply distressed.
89:17:25>> Great job. Now, back to the story.
89:17:29>> Still, its warning has survived because
89:17:32it keeps coming true in offices,
89:17:36hospitals, and classrooms wherever
89:17:39people stop thinking and simply follow.
89:17:54You will rarely face a switch marked
89:17:57danger.
89:17:59The pressure is usually smaller. Sign
89:18:02this. Copy that. Stay quiet. Everyone
89:18:06does it.
89:18:18Did that make sense? Now let's check.
89:18:22Will you often face a switch marked
89:18:25danger?
89:18:33No,
89:18:35you will rarely face a switch marked
89:18:39danger.
89:18:41Is the pressure usually bigger or
89:18:46smaller?
89:18:53Smaller. Sign this. Copy that. Stay
89:18:56quiet. Everyone does it.
89:19:00Where does the warning keep coming true?
89:19:08In offices. hospitals and classrooms.
89:19:14>> Now, story is calling us. Let's
89:19:16continue. Picture
89:19:18a new trainee, a decent person, whose
89:19:22manager asks her to change a date on a
89:19:25report while three colleagues look away.
89:19:40It is vital that each of us decide in
89:19:43advance where the line is.
89:19:48One person who refuses can give everyone
89:19:51else permission to refuse.
89:20:06Speaking time, I don't want you to
89:20:08overthink it. Just open your mouth and
89:20:10just talk whatever you remember from the
89:20:13story.
89:20:14Is the trainee a decent person?
89:20:24Yes,
89:20:26she is a new trainee, a decent person.
89:20:32Is it vital that we decide our line in
89:20:35advance
89:20:37or in the moment?
89:20:45in advance.
89:20:47It is vital that each of us decide in
89:20:50advance where the line is.
89:20:54What can one person who refuses give
89:20:58everyone else?
89:21:03Permission to refuse.
89:21:07Now, this is the last part. Let's bring
89:21:09it home.
89:21:11So carry one question this week into
89:21:14class, into work and into every group
89:21:18you belong to.
89:21:27If someone you respect asked you to
89:21:30cross your own line,
89:21:33what would you say? And would you be the
89:21:36first to say it?
89:21:50One final question, bro. You've done the
89:21:53whole thing. Now, let's do the final
89:21:55one.
89:21:56>> Should you carry this question into
89:21:58class and work?
89:22:07Yes.
89:22:09Carry one question this week into class,
89:22:13into work, and into every group.
89:22:17Would you be the first to say it or the
89:22:21last?
89:22:29That is the question. Would you be the
89:22:33first to say it?
89:22:36What might someone you respect ask you
89:22:39to Christ?
89:22:46Someone you respect might ask you to
89:22:49cross your own line.
89:22:59The grammar we practice today, the
89:23:02subjunctive. The instructions demanded
89:23:04that every wrong answer be punished with
89:23:07a stronger shock.
89:23:11When a teacher hesitated or trembled, a
89:23:14calm man in a gray lab coat said, "The
89:23:17experiment requires that you continue."
89:23:22>> The man in the coat said, "Stop." while
89:23:25the learner demanded that the shocks go
89:23:27on.
89:23:30It is vital that each of us decide in
89:23:32advance where the line is.
89:23:42>> Congratulations. You practiced 512 words
89:23:46in this story and you learned a lot.
89:23:51>> Let's pause for a second.
89:23:56You finished another story
89:24:01and you learned a new lesson. You
89:24:04learned a new way of thinking and that's
89:24:07amazing. So, let me stop you here for a
89:24:10second.
89:24:14people who have
89:24:32Foreign
89:24:35speech. Foreign speech. Foreign speech.
89:24:58Tik Tok.
89:25:08Okay.
89:25:16Alhamdulillah.
89:25:31The writing
89:25:33speaking.
89:25:44Shakespeare
89:26:05listening.
89:26:16writing.
89:26:26for
89:26:54Tik Tok. Fore! Foreign! Foreign!
89:27:05foreign
89:27:53Awesome.
89:28:20Good to great.
89:28:38Alhamdulillah.
89:28:42Let's jump into the story, The Long
89:28:45Game.
89:28:47>> The Long Game from the book Good to
89:28:50Great by Jim Collins.
89:28:54Fundamentals.
89:28:56Fundamentals.
89:28:58Fundamentals.
89:29:01Fundamentals.
89:29:04Fundamentals.
89:29:06Fundamentals.
89:29:09Fundamentals
89:29:11on behalf of
89:29:14fundamentals.
89:29:16Fundamentals.
89:29:20In an office at Gillette's Boston
89:29:22headquarters,
89:29:24a soft-spoken executive sat by the
89:29:27telephone with a long list of
89:29:29shareholders.
89:29:40He was calling them personally one by
89:29:43one, politely asking them not to sell
89:29:48the company out from under him.
89:30:02No one answer. I don't want you to give
89:30:04me like ah small answers. I want you to
89:30:06give me full sentences aloud and when
89:30:09you're going to hear and listen to the
89:30:11sentence, repeat it yourself. Okay,
89:30:13let's go. Was the executive calling
89:30:18shareholders
89:30:20personally?
89:30:27Yes,
89:30:29he was calling them personally one by
89:30:32one.
89:30:34Was he asking them to sell the company
89:30:39or not to sell it?
89:30:48Not to sell it.
89:30:51He was politely asking them not to sell
89:30:54the company.
89:30:57Where did the softspoken executive sit?
89:31:05He sat by the telephone in an office at
89:31:09Gillette's Boston headquarters.
89:31:13>> Nice one. Let's continue.
89:31:16>> His name was Coleman Mockler, the chief
89:31:20executive of Gillette.
89:31:22And if a single word described him,
89:31:26it was patience.
89:31:40Mockler was no showman.
89:31:43Colleagues described him as quiet and
89:31:45courteous, a man who rarely raised his
89:31:48voice.
89:32:00Spotlight now is on you. I want you to
89:32:02answer the questions by actually
89:32:06talking. Let's go.
89:32:08>> Was Mocka a showman?
89:32:15No.
89:32:17Mockler was no showman.
89:32:21Did colleagues describe him as loud
89:32:25or quiet and courteous?
89:32:32Quiet and courteous. A man who rarely
89:32:35raised his voice.
89:32:38What single word described him?
89:32:47If a single word described him, it was
89:32:51patience.
89:32:54>> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's
89:32:57keep it up and jump into the story.
89:33:01>> Beneath that gentleness lay stubborn
89:33:04determination and a belief that
89:33:06Gillette's future depended on years of
89:33:10patient work on better razors.
89:33:24work like that is slow and expensive
89:33:28and it tests investors who would rather
89:33:30have their rewards now.
89:33:43Okay, questions time.
89:33:46Did stubborn determination lie beneath
89:33:50his gentleness?
89:33:58Yes.
89:34:00Beneath that gentleness lay stubborn
89:34:03determination.
89:34:05Is that work quick and cheap
89:34:09or slow and expensive?
89:34:17Slow and expensive.
89:34:19And it tests investors.
89:34:23What did Gillette's future depend on?
89:34:32It depended on years of patient work on
89:34:36better razors.
89:34:39>> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the
89:34:42story.
89:34:44>> Then the test arrived.
89:34:48A powerful investor named Ronald
89:34:50Perelman made the first of several bids
89:34:53to buy the company.
89:34:56His
89:35:06offers promised shareholders a quick,
89:35:09handsome profit, and many were tempted
89:35:13to take the money and walk away.
89:35:25That's amazing. Now you want to speak
89:35:28what you have read and listened.
89:35:31Were many shareholders tempted to take
89:35:34the money?
89:35:41Yes.
89:35:43Many were tempted to take the money and
89:35:45walk away.
89:35:48Did Perman make one bid or several?
89:35:58Several.
89:36:00He made the first of several bids to buy
89:36:03the company.
89:36:05What did his offers promise
89:36:07shareholders?
89:36:12A quick handsome profit.
89:36:16Great answers. Let's see what happens
89:36:19now.
89:36:20>> Mocker's answer was a steadfast refusal
89:36:24to sell.
89:36:26He kept his team on the razors. Sure,
89:36:30the company was worth far more than any
89:36:33quick price.
89:36:46In 1988,
89:36:48another group of investors bought a
89:36:51large stake and their demand for a vote
89:36:55aimed to fill the board with people
89:36:58ready to sell.
89:37:12Awesome. Quiz time. Let's jump into it.
89:37:16>> Was Mockler's answer a steadfast refusal
89:37:20to sell?
89:37:28Yes.
89:37:30Mockler's answer was a steadfast refusal
89:37:34to sell.
89:37:36Did their demand for a vote aimed to
89:37:39keep the board or change it?
89:37:49Change it.
89:37:51Their demand for a vote aimed to fill
89:37:54the board with people ready to sell.
89:37:58When did another group of investors buy
89:38:01a large stake
89:38:09in 1988, another group of investors
89:38:12bought a large stake.
89:38:16>> All right, let's see if you've guessed
89:38:18it right. Let's go to the next part of
89:38:20the story.
89:38:21That was when the phone calls began
89:38:26on behalf of the company. He and his
89:38:29team made a courteous case to
89:38:32shareholders
89:38:33for the long game.
89:38:47The closeness of the vote was painful.
89:38:51He won by a narrow margin and the
89:38:54company stayed in the hands of its
89:38:57builders.
89:39:09Now the table's turn. I'm going to ask
89:39:12you questions. You're going to do the
89:39:14talking. Let's go.
89:39:16Did he make a courteous case on behalf
89:39:19of the company?
89:39:27Yes.
89:39:29On behalf of the company, he and his
89:39:31team made a courteous case.
89:39:35Did he win by a wide margin or a narrow
89:39:39margin?
89:39:47a narrow margin.
89:39:50The closeness of the vote was painful.
89:39:55Who stayed in control of the company?
89:40:02The company stayed in the hands of its
89:40:05builders.
89:40:08>> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep
89:40:10moving.
89:40:12Consider how easy the other path would
89:40:16have been.
89:40:18Selling would have pleased shareholders
89:40:20overnight and ended years of pressure.
89:40:36Instead, he returned to the slow work on
89:40:40the fundamentals.
89:40:43In 1990, Gillette launched Infos,
89:40:48a razor many years in development.
89:41:03Let's hear you. Now it's your turn to
89:41:05speak.
89:41:06>> Would selling have pleased shareholders
89:41:10overnight?
89:41:18Yes,
89:41:20selling would have pleased shareholders
89:41:22overnight.
89:41:25Did he sell or return to the slow work
89:41:29on the fundamentals?
89:41:36He returned to the slow work on the
89:41:40fundamentals.
89:41:43What did Gillette launch in 1990?
89:41:53In 1990, Gillette launched services,
89:41:58a razor many years in development.
89:42:03So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen.
89:42:07>> It was a huge success.
89:42:11Customers loved it. Profits climbed. And
89:42:15critics who had doubted his patience
89:42:18quietly changed their minds.
89:42:32He had little time to enjoy it.
89:42:37His death from a heart attack came in
89:42:40January 1991,
89:42:43barely a year after sensors launch.
89:42:59All right, time to prove your focusing.
89:43:03Let's jump into it.
89:43:05>> Was sensor a huge success?
89:43:13Yes, it was a huge success and profits
89:43:18climbed.
89:43:20Did his death come long after Sensor's
89:43:23launch or barely a year after?
89:43:33Barely a year after
89:43:37his death came in January 1991.
89:43:42What did the critics who doubted his
89:43:45patience do?
89:43:50They quietly changed their minds
89:43:55>> now. Story's calling us. Let's continue.
89:43:59>> He did not live to see most of what his
89:44:02long game produced,
89:44:04and nobody can say what those years of
89:44:07pressure cost him.
89:44:18What we can say is that the steadfast
89:44:22patience he defended outlived him and
89:44:27the company kept building on what he had
89:44:30protected.
89:44:43Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and
89:44:45speak.
89:44:47Did he live to see most of what his long
89:44:50game produced?
89:44:57No.
89:44:59He did not live to see most of it.
89:45:03Did his patients die with him?
89:45:06or outlive him?
89:45:15It outlived him.
89:45:18The steadfast patience he defended
89:45:21outlived him.
89:45:23What did the company keep building on?
89:45:30It kept building on what he had
89:45:33protected.
89:45:36See, English is already coming out of
89:45:38you. Now listen and let's continue.
89:45:42>> Shareholders who stayed with him beat
89:45:45the takeover price by a wide margin.
89:45:56Jim Collins, who studied him for good to
89:45:59great, saw a rare mix of personal
89:46:03humility and fierce determination on
89:46:07behalf of the company.
89:46:21Awesome. without speaking turn.
89:46:24>> Did shareholders who stayed
89:46:27beat the takeover price?
89:46:36Yes, they beat the takeover price by a
89:46:40wide maria.
89:46:44Did Collins see pride
89:46:47or humility and fierce determination?
89:46:57humility and fierce determination
89:47:01on behalf of the company
89:47:04who studied him for good to great.
89:47:12Jim Collins studied him for good to
89:47:16great.
89:47:19>> That was amazing. Now let's continue and
89:47:22enjoy the story.
89:47:24>> Patience of this kind is not passivity.
89:47:29It is focus.
89:47:32Saying no again and again to every offer
89:47:36that would tempt you off course.
89:47:49Language learning tests the same focus.
89:47:54Shortcuts promise quick results.
89:47:58Real fluency is built slowly over
89:48:02seasons
89:48:04and outlives them.
89:48:18>> Speaking time. Try answering with words
89:48:21you just heard. Go ahead.
89:48:24Is patience of this kind passivity?
89:48:35No.
89:48:37Patience of this kind is not passivity.
89:48:41It is focus.
89:48:44Is real fluency built quickly or slowly
89:48:48over seasons?
89:48:56slowly over seasons and it outlives the
89:49:00shortcuts.
89:49:03What do you say no to
89:49:09to every offer that would tempt you off
89:49:12course?
89:49:15Now, this is the final part. I want you
89:49:17to focus and jump into it.
89:49:20If you are still working on the
89:49:22fundamentals while others chase fast
89:49:26tricks, that is not passivity
89:49:30and you are not falling behind.
89:49:44You are protecting your long game as a
89:49:48quiet man. No showman once did with a
89:49:53phone list.
89:49:56Slow is not the same as stuck.
89:50:12The last round of questions. Let's end
89:50:15on a high note. Okay, let's go.
89:50:19Are you falling behind if you work on
89:50:22the fundamentals?
89:50:30No,
89:50:31you are not falling behind. You are
89:50:34protecting your long game.
89:50:38Is slow the same as stuck or different?
89:50:45Different
89:50:50slow is not the same as stuck.
89:50:54Who once protected his long game with a
89:50:58phone list?
89:51:04A quiet man, no showman, once did it
89:51:08with a phone list.
89:51:17The grammar we practice today,
89:51:20nominalization.
89:51:21Mockler's answer was a steadfast refusal
89:51:24to sell.
89:51:28In 1988, another group of investors
89:51:31bought a large stake, and their demand
89:51:33for a vote aimed to fill the board with
89:51:36people ready to sell.
89:51:40The closeness of the vote was painful.
89:51:45His death from a heart attack came in
89:51:48January 1991,
89:51:50barely a year after sensors launch.
89:52:00Congratulations.
89:52:02You practiced 519 words in this story
89:52:05and you learned a lot. Amazing.
89:52:09So you have listened, you understood and
89:52:12you spoke
89:52:19and that's how we learn.
89:52:22Thinking fast and slow. Let's jump into
89:52:25the story. The Linda question.
89:52:29>> The Linda question from the book
89:52:32Thinking Fast and Slow by Daniel
89:52:35Carnean.
89:52:37Plausible,
89:52:39fallacy,
89:52:41probable,
89:52:44outspoken,
89:52:46conjunction,
89:52:49discrimination,
89:52:52teller,
89:52:54demonstration,
89:52:57activist,
89:52:59convincing.
89:53:02Here is a woman who does not exist.
89:53:09Read her description slowly because in a
89:53:12moment you will make a simple judgment
89:53:15about her.
89:53:27Linda is 31, single, outspoken, and very
89:53:31bright.
89:53:33At university, she studied philosophy.
89:53:48That's amazing. I want you to listen to
89:53:51the questions and answer in sentences.
89:53:55Build full sentences, not just words.
89:53:57Okay, let's go.
89:54:00>> Does the woman in the description really
89:54:04exist?
89:54:12No.
89:54:14Here is a woman who does not exist.
89:54:19Is Linda quiet or outspoken?
89:54:31outspoken.
89:54:34Linda is 31, single, outspoken, and very
89:54:38bright.
89:54:40What did she study at university?
89:54:48At university,
89:54:50she studied philosophy.
89:54:54All right, let's see if you've guessed
89:54:56it right. Let's go to the next part of
89:54:57the story.
89:55:00>> As a student, she cared deeply about
89:55:02discrimination and social justice and
89:55:05joined demonstrations against nuclear
89:55:08weapons.
89:55:18She was invented as a thought experiment
89:55:21by two psychologists
89:55:24Amoski and Daniel Carnean who studied
89:55:28how people judge chances.
89:55:42Did that make sense? Now, let's check.
89:55:46>> Did she join demonstrations against
89:55:48nuclear weapons?
89:55:56>> Yes, she joined demonstrations against
89:56:00nuclear weapons.
89:56:03Did she care about discrimination
89:56:06or about fashion?
89:56:15about discrimination.
89:56:18She cared deeply about discrimination
89:56:21and social justice.
89:56:24Who invented Linda?
89:56:33Two psychologists
89:56:35Amos Diverski and Daniel Carnean
89:56:39invented her as a thought experiment.
89:56:44>> Now relax your voice and let's continue
89:56:47listening.
89:56:48>> Now the question,
89:56:51which is more probable?
89:56:54Linda is a bank teller or Linda is a
89:56:58bank teller active in the women's rights
89:57:01movement.
89:57:13Think for a moment before you answer.
89:57:17Picture her at the demonstrations
89:57:20outspoken against discrimination.
89:57:23sharp in every seminar.
89:57:37Now the table's turn. I'm going to ask
89:57:40you questions. You're going to do the
89:57:42talking. Let's go.
89:57:44>> Should you think for a moment before you
89:57:48answer?
89:57:54Yes.
89:57:56Think for a moment before you answer.
89:58:01Does the question ask what is more
89:58:03probable
89:58:05or more exciting?
89:58:14More probable.
89:58:17The question asks which is more
89:58:19probable.
89:58:21Where should you picture her?
89:58:30Picture her at the demonstrations
89:58:33outspoken against discrimination.
89:58:38>> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep
89:58:40moving.
89:58:42If you chose the second option, you are
89:58:45in large company.
89:58:48Most people who hear this description
89:58:51choose it without hesitation.
89:59:05Stanford graduate students in decision
89:59:08science given a longer list to rank. did
89:59:11no better.
89:59:13Roughly 85%
89:59:15still ranked it as more likely.
89:59:30Now it's yours. Go ahead and talk loudly
89:59:34as much as you can.
89:59:37Do most people choose the second option?
89:59:48Yes.
89:59:50Most people who hear this description
89:59:52choose it without hesitation.
89:59:57Did the Stanford students do better
90:00:01or know better?
90:00:10No better.
90:00:12Roughly 85%
90:00:14still ranked it as more likely.
90:00:19Who was given a longer list to rank?
90:00:29Stanford graduate students in decision
90:00:33science.
90:00:36>> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's
90:00:39keep it up and jump into the story.
90:00:43>> It feels obviously right.
90:00:48The second description is plausible. It
90:00:51fits Linda the activist, while the first
90:00:54sounds like a dull stranger who wandered
90:00:56into her story.
90:01:09Nevertheless, the second answer cannot
90:01:12be the more likely one.
90:01:16Every bank teller in the women's
90:01:18movement is first of all a bank teller.
90:01:25Here's
90:01:35where you do the talking. Go ahead and
90:01:38talk and build me full sentences.
90:01:42>> Is the second description plausible?
90:01:52Yes.
90:01:54The second description is plausible. It
90:01:58fits Linda the activist.
90:02:03Is the second answer more likely or not
90:02:08more likely?
90:02:16Not more likely.
90:02:19Nevertheless, the second answer cannot
90:02:22be the more likely one.
90:02:25What is every bank teller in the women's
90:02:28movement? First of all,
90:02:38every bank teller in the women's
90:02:40movement is first of all a bank teller.
90:02:46>> That was amazing. Now let's continue and
90:02:49enjoy the story.
90:02:52>> The tellers who are also activists sit
90:02:55entirely inside the larger group of all
90:02:58tellers. Hence the smaller group can
90:03:02never be bigger.
90:03:14Consequently, adding a detail can only
90:03:18keep the chance the same or make it
90:03:20smaller, however perfectly the detail
90:03:23fits.
90:03:35Okay, let's pause for a second. Now, I'm
90:03:37going to ask you questions. Now it's
90:03:38over to you to answer them.
90:03:41>> Can the smaller group ever be bigger?
90:03:52No.
90:03:53Hence, the smaller group can never be
90:03:58bigger.
90:04:00Does adding a detail
90:04:02raise the chance
90:04:05or keep it the same or smaller?
90:04:15Consequently,
90:04:17adding a detail can only keep the chance
90:04:20the same or make it smaller.
90:04:24Where do the tellers who are also
90:04:26activists sit?
90:04:34They sit entirely inside the larger
90:04:38group of all tellers.
90:04:42>> So smooth. Awesome. Now let's listen.
90:04:46>> So why do clever people get it wrong?
90:04:51When we judge chances, our minds often
90:04:55measure how good a story sounds instead
90:04:58of how probable it is.
90:05:11The more details match, the more
90:05:14plausible the picture becomes.
90:05:17And plausibility quietly takes the place
90:05:20of logic.
90:05:32Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and
90:05:34speak.
90:05:35>> Do clever people get it wrong?
90:05:43Yes,
90:05:45clever people get it wrong.
90:05:49Do our minds measure how probable it is
90:05:53or how good a story sounds?
90:06:02How good a story sounds
90:06:05instead of how probable it is.
90:06:09What quietly takes the place of logic?
90:06:18Plausibility quietly takes the place of
90:06:22logic.
90:06:24>> Nice one. Let's continue.
90:06:27>> The psychologists called this the
90:06:30conjunction fallacy and Carnean gives it
90:06:34a whole chapter in thinking fast and
90:06:37slow.
90:06:48One famous scientist wrote that a little
90:06:51voice in his head kept jumping up and
90:06:54down, insisting she could not simply be
90:06:57a bank teller.
90:07:09All right, time to prove you're
90:07:12focusing. Let's jump into it.
90:07:15>> Did the psychologists call this the
90:07:18conjunction fallacy?
90:07:26Yes,
90:07:27they called this the conjunction
90:07:30fallacy.
90:07:32Does Carnean give it one line or a whole
90:07:36chapter?
90:07:42A whole chapter in thinking fast and
90:07:46slow.
90:07:48What did the little voice in the
90:07:50scientist's head insist?
90:07:58It insisted she could not simply be a
90:08:01bank teller.
90:08:04>> Great answers. Let's see what happens
90:08:06now.
90:08:08A good story can fool your logic. And
90:08:12the better the story, the more easily
90:08:15the fooling happens.
90:08:27Your English plans can fall into the
90:08:30same fallacy.
90:08:33A detailed plan usually feels more
90:08:36convincing than a vague one.
90:08:50Speaking time. Try answering with words
90:08:53you just heard. Go ahead.
90:08:57>> Can a good story fool your logic?
90:09:07Yes,
90:09:09a good story can fool your logic.
90:09:14Does a detailed plan or a vague one feel
90:09:18more convincing?
90:09:26A detailed plan usually feels more
90:09:30convincing than a vague one.
90:09:34What can fall [clears throat]
90:09:35into the same fallacy?
90:09:42Your English plans can fall into the
90:09:44same fallacy.
90:09:47>> Now stories calling us. Let's continue.
90:09:52I will study every morning before work,
90:09:54finish two textbooks, read the news
90:09:57without a dictionary, and set the exam
90:10:00next spring.
90:10:11Every detail makes that plan sound more
90:10:14real.
90:10:17Each one however is another conjunction
90:10:20another condition that must go right.
90:10:24Thus the whole becomes less likely.
90:10:41>> Okay. Questions time.
90:10:44Does every detail make the plan sound
90:10:47more real?
90:10:54Yes. Every detail makes that plan sound
90:10:58more real.
90:11:00Does the whole plan become more likely
90:11:05or less likely?
90:11:13less likely.
90:11:17Each detail is another condition.
90:11:20Thus, the whole becomes less likely.
90:11:25When does the plan say you will study?
90:11:32I will study every morning before work.
90:11:37>> Good job. Let's continue the story.
90:11:41>> This does not mean you should stop
90:11:43planning.
90:11:46Notice when a plan persuades you with
90:11:48its details instead of its evidence.
90:12:03Find the detail a busy week will break
90:12:06first and build a backup now.
90:12:11A shorter version you can manage on a
90:12:14bad day.
90:12:27Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to
90:12:29answer the questions?
90:12:31>> Should you stop planning?
90:12:38>> No.
90:12:40This does not mean you should stop
90:12:42planning.
90:12:44Does the plan persuade you with details
90:12:48or with evidence?
90:12:57Notice when a plan persuades you with
90:12:59its details
90:13:01instead of its evidence.
90:13:04What should you build now?
90:13:12A backup, a shorter version you can
90:13:15manage on a bad day.
90:13:18>> Now, this is the time for the ending of
90:13:20the story. And here's the important the
90:13:23most important part basically. Let's
90:13:25continue.
90:13:26>> Nonetheless, the ambitious plan can
90:13:28stay.
90:13:30It simply grows stronger once you stop
90:13:34mistaking how vivid it feels for how
90:13:37likely it is.
90:13:50So when a plan feels brilliant, don't
90:13:53ask how convincing it sounds.
90:13:57Ask how likely each separate part really
90:14:01is.
90:14:14The last round of questions. Let's end
90:14:17on a high note. Okay, let's go.
90:14:21>> Can the ambitious plan stay?
90:14:32>> Yes.
90:14:34Nonetheless, the ambitious plan can
90:14:37stay.
90:14:39Should you ask how convincing it sounds
90:14:42or how likely each part is?
90:14:50Ask how likely each separate part really
90:14:54is.
90:14:56When does the plan grow stronger?
90:15:05It grows stronger once you stop
90:15:08mistaking how vivid it feels for how
90:15:12likely it is.
90:15:21The grammar we practice today formal
90:15:24discourse markers.
90:15:26Nevertheless, the second answer cannot
90:15:29be the more likely one.
90:15:33The tellers who are also activists sit
90:15:36entirely inside the larger group of all
90:15:39tellers. Hence, the smaller group can
90:15:42never be bigger.
90:15:46Consequently, adding a detail can only
90:15:49keep the chance the same or make it
90:15:51smaller, however perfectly the detail
90:15:54fits.
90:15:57Each one, however, is another
90:15:59conjunction, another condition that must
90:16:02go right. Thus, the whole becomes less
90:16:05likely.
90:16:12Congratulations,
90:16:14you practiced 522
90:16:17words in this story and you learned a
90:16:20lot.
90:16:22>> Okay.
90:16:32So if you think about it, you're
90:16:34learning
90:16:35very key lessons that are going to
90:16:38improve your your your whole mindset.
90:16:42That's amazing.
90:16:45Tipping point.
90:16:47It's very nice.
90:17:05Let's jump into the story. The map on
90:17:08the last page.
90:17:10>> The map on the last page from the book
90:17:14The Tipping Point by Malcolm Gladwell.
90:17:18Booklet.
90:17:20vivid
90:17:22follow through
90:17:25intention.
90:17:27Arguably,
90:17:30embarrassingly
90:17:32injection
90:17:35intend
90:17:40procrastinate.
90:17:43Picture a small booklet
90:17:46on a desk at Yale University
90:17:50in the 1960s.
90:17:53Its subject is tetanus,
90:17:56a dangerous infection that can enter
90:17:59through a cut.
90:18:11A psychologist named Howard Levventhal
90:18:14wanted to know whether a booklet like
90:18:17this could persuade students to get a
90:18:21free injection.
90:18:34Now, we're going to hear a question. I
90:18:36want you to answer it loudly in full
90:18:41sentences. Okay, let's go.
90:18:44Was the booklet about
90:18:47tetanus?
90:18:55Yes.
90:18:57Its subject is tetanus, a dangerous
90:19:01infection that can enter through a cut.
90:19:05Was the booklet on a desk at Yale or in
90:19:09a hospital?
90:19:15It was on a desk at Yale University.
90:19:19What did Levthal want students to get?
90:19:30He wanted a booklet to persuade students
90:19:34to get a free injection.
90:19:38>> All right, let's see if you've guessed
90:19:40it right. Let's go to the next part of
90:19:42the story.
90:19:44>> Some students received a frightening
90:19:46version full of vivid photographs.
90:19:50Others received a calmer version with
90:19:54plain facts.
90:20:06Afterwards,
90:20:08almost everyone agreed
90:20:11the danger was real. They understood it
90:20:15and they fully intended to get the
90:20:17injection.
90:20:30every sentence.
90:20:32Speak it out loud. Okay, let's go.
90:20:36>> Did the frightening version have vivid
90:20:40photographs?
90:20:45Yes, it was full of vivid photographs.
90:20:50Did the karma version have photographs
90:20:54or plain facts?
90:21:00The karma version had plain facts.
90:21:05What did the students intend to do?
90:21:13They fully intended to get the
90:21:17injection.
90:21:19>> That was amazing. Now, let's continue
90:21:22and enjoy the story.
90:21:24>> About a month later, the researchers
90:21:28checked the records.
90:21:31Only 3% of the students had actually
90:21:34followed through and gone to the health
90:21:37center.
90:21:49Think for a moment before you read on.
90:21:54Intentions were high and the injection
90:21:57was free.
90:21:59So what was stopping them?
90:22:04Here's
90:22:14where you do the talking. Go ahead and
90:22:17talk and build me full sentences.
90:22:20>> Did most students follow through.
90:22:29No,
90:22:31only 3% had actually followed through.
90:22:36Was the injection free or expensive?
90:22:44The injection was free.
90:22:47What did the researchers check a month
90:22:50later?
90:22:55They checked the records.
90:22:59>> Now story is calling us. Let's continue.
90:23:03>> The obvious answer is fear.
90:23:08Perhaps the calm booklet was too gentle
90:23:11and the students needed a stronger
90:23:14shock.
90:23:27That answer turned out to be wrong.
90:23:31The frightening version did change how
90:23:34worried students felt,
90:23:37yet barely changed what they did.
90:23:52speaking time. I don't want you to
90:23:54overthink it. Just open your mouth and
90:23:56just talk whatever you remember from the
90:23:59story.
90:24:01>> Did the frightening version change how
90:24:03worried students felt?
90:24:11Yes,
90:24:13it did change how worried students felt.
90:24:19Did it change their worry
90:24:22or what they did?
90:24:30It did change their worry,
90:24:33yet barely changed what they did.
90:24:37What was the obvious answer?
90:24:43The obvious answer was fear.
90:24:49>> Good job. Let's continue the story.
90:24:52>> So, Levventhoral tried something almost
90:24:56embarrassingly small.
90:24:59He added one page to the booklet and
90:25:03left the warning exactly as it was.
90:25:18The new page held a map of the campus
90:25:21with the health building circled and the
90:25:24times when injections were available.
90:25:28[clears throat]
90:25:37No, the floor is yours. Let's go.
90:25:41Was Levventhal's change embarrassingly
90:25:44small?
90:25:51Yes.
90:25:53He tried something almost embarrassingly
90:25:56small.
90:25:58Did he add one page or 10 pages?
90:26:06He added one page to the booklet.
90:26:10What did the new page show?
90:26:19It held a map of the campus
90:26:22with the health building circled.
90:26:26Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's
90:26:29keep it up and jump into the story.
90:26:34>> This time, 28% of the students got the
90:26:37shot.
90:26:39The warning had not grown louder.
90:26:43The path had become visible.
90:26:57Here is the strange part. These were
90:27:01senior students, so most of them almost
90:27:04certainly did know where the health
90:27:06center was.
90:27:19Awesome. Now it's speaking turn.
90:27:22>> Did the students know where the health
90:27:25center was?
90:27:32>> Yes.
90:27:34Most of them almost certainly did know.
90:27:38Did 3%
90:27:41or 28%
90:27:43get the shot this time?
90:27:50This time 28%
90:27:53got the shot.
90:27:56What had become visible?
90:28:01The path had become visible.
90:28:06>> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen.
90:28:10>> The map taught them nothing new.
90:28:15What it did do arguably was turn a vague
90:28:21intention into a concrete plan for a
90:28:24particular afternoon.
90:28:38Malcolm Gladwell uses this experiment in
90:28:41the tipping point to show how a tiny
90:28:44change in presentation can make a
90:28:46message stick.
90:28:58Now it's yours. Go ahead and talk loudly
90:29:02as much as you can.
90:29:05>> Did the map teach them anything new?
90:29:13>> No, the map taught them nothing new.
90:29:19Was the plan for a particular afternoon
90:29:22or for next year?
90:29:29It was a concrete plan for a particular
90:29:33afternoon.
90:29:36What did the map arguably do?
90:29:46Arguably,
90:29:48it did turn a vague intention into a
90:29:52concrete plan.
90:29:55>> Now, back to the story.
90:29:58It would be easy to conclude that most
90:30:01of those students simply did not care
90:30:03enough about their own health.
90:30:12The Yale students did care and they did
90:30:16intend to go.
90:30:19What they lacked was a vivid picture of
90:30:22themselves walking through one
90:30:25particular door.
90:30:38Okay, voice is up. Now, here comes the
90:30:41questions.
90:30:43>> Did the Yale students care?
90:30:52>> Yes, the Yale students did care.
90:30:57Did they intend to go or to stay away?
90:31:04They did intend to go.
90:31:08What did they lack?
90:31:16They lacked a vivid picture of
90:31:18themselves walking through one
90:31:21particular door.
90:31:25Great job. Now, back to the story.
90:31:28>> Make the first step easy and clear, and
90:31:32you may find that motivation was never
90:31:35the real problem.
90:31:46Your English plans arguably look like
90:31:49the first booklet, full of good reasons.
90:31:53Perhaps even a little fear about an
90:31:55exam.
90:32:07>> Let's see what stayed in your mind.
90:32:10Let's go.
90:32:12>> Should the first step be easy and clear?
90:32:21Yes.
90:32:23Make the first step easy and clear.
90:32:28Do your plans look like the first
90:32:30booklet or the map?
90:32:38They arguably look like the first
90:32:41booklet.
90:32:44What are your English plans full of?
90:32:53They are full of good reasons.
90:32:57Perhaps even a little fear about an
90:32:59exam.
90:33:02>> Great answers. Let's see what happens
90:33:04now.
90:33:06>> What they may be missing is the map.
90:33:09Which book? Which page? Which chair? And
90:33:13exactly when you will begin.
90:33:25So try a small experiment this week.
90:33:29Take one goal you have been
90:33:31procrastinating on and add a single page
90:33:35to it.
90:33:46That's amazing. Now you want to speak
90:33:49what you have read and listened.
90:33:52>> Are your plans missing the map?
90:34:01>> Yes.
90:34:03What they may be missing is the map.
90:34:08Do you add a single page or a whole
90:34:12book?
90:34:17You add a single page to it.
90:34:22Which goal do you take?
90:34:29Take one goal you have been
90:34:31procrastinating on.
90:34:35Now relax your voice and let's continue
90:34:38listening.
90:34:40On that page, write the place,
90:34:44the time,
90:34:45and the very first action
90:34:49as precisely as the circle on that
90:34:52campus map. [clears throat]
90:35:04It may look embarrassingly small.
90:35:08At 9 tonight at the kitchen table, you
90:35:13play the first track and repeat the
90:35:18opening sentences.
90:35:32All right, time to prove you're
90:35:34focusing. Let's jump into it.
90:35:37>> Do you write the place and the time on
90:35:42that page?
90:35:49Yes. You write the place, the time, and
90:35:55the very first action.
90:35:59Is it at 9 tonight or [clears throat] at
90:36:029 tomorrow?
90:36:08It is at 9 tonight at the kitchen table.
90:36:13How may the plan look?
90:36:20It may look embarrassingly small.
90:36:25And now the big finish.
90:36:29>> Then watch the next few days
90:36:33and count how often you actually begin
90:36:38instead of procrastinating.
90:36:52One circled building helped a quarter of
90:36:55those students follow through.
90:36:57One circled hour might do the same for
90:37:02you.
90:37:14Here's the last questions. I want you to
90:37:17give them everything you've got.
90:37:20Do you count how often you begin?
90:37:31Yes. You count how often you actually
90:37:35begin
90:37:37instead of procrastinating.
90:37:40Did a circled building or a louder
90:37:44warning help them follow through?
90:37:53One circled building helped a quarter of
90:37:56those students follow through.
90:38:00What might do the same for you?
90:38:09One circled hour might do the same for
90:38:14you.
90:38:22The grammar we practice today, emphatic
90:38:25do, did the frightening version did
90:38:29change how worried students felt, yet
90:38:32barely changed what they did.
90:38:36These were senior students, so most of
90:38:39them almost certainly did know where the
90:38:41health center was.
90:38:44What it did do arguably was turn a vague
90:38:48intention into a concrete plan for a
90:38:51particular afternoon.
90:38:55The Yale students did care and they did
90:38:58intend to go.
90:39:06Congratulations.
90:39:08You practiced 510 words in this story
90:39:12and you learned a lot. Awesome.
90:39:16A full story in English.
90:39:25That's a huge, huge achievement.
90:39:31Great job.
90:39:33Ego is the enemy.
90:39:39for
90:40:02words.
90:40:13Let's jump into the story. The second
90:40:15chair.
90:40:17>> The second chair from the book Ego is
90:40:21the Enemy by Ryan Holiday.
90:40:24Humiliation,
90:40:27despair,
90:40:29vanity,
90:40:32glory,
90:40:34resent,
90:40:36applaud,
90:40:39sideline,
90:40:41reinforcements,
90:40:44overestimate,
90:40:47devastating.
90:40:50two generals,
90:40:53one war.
90:40:57History remembers the first by name
90:41:01and the second mostly as his partner.
90:41:15The first became commander of all the
90:41:18Union armies and later president of the
90:41:22United States.
90:41:25His name was Ulisses S. Grant.
90:41:42Now, we're going to hear a question. I
90:41:44want you to answer it loudly in full
90:41:48sentences. Okay, let's go.
90:41:52Does history remember the first general
90:41:56by name?
90:42:03Yes, history remembers the first by
90:42:07name.
90:42:09Did the first general become president
90:42:13or a judge?
90:42:20He became commander of all the Union
90:42:23armies and later president.
90:42:27What was the first general's name?
90:42:33His
90:42:36name was
90:42:38Ulisses S. Grant.
90:42:43Here's odd. Now let's come to the next
90:42:45part.
90:42:46>> This story belongs to the man standing
90:42:48slightly behind him who, strange as it
90:42:52seems,
90:42:54deliberately chose the second chair.
90:43:08In 1861,
90:43:10as the Civil War began, he was a former
90:43:13officer with every reason to want a
90:43:16grand command.
90:43:29Did that make sense? Now, let's check.
90:43:32>> Did the second man deliberately choose
90:43:35the second chair?
90:43:44Yes.
90:43:45Strange as it seems, he deliberately
90:43:48chose the second chair.
90:43:52Was he a former officer
90:43:55or a former teacher?
90:44:03He was a former officer with every
90:44:06reason to want a grand command.
90:44:11When did the Civil War begin?
90:44:18The Civil War began
90:44:21in 1861.
90:44:25Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep
90:44:28moving.
90:44:29>> Capable as he was, he asked for
90:44:32something unusual.
90:44:35He wanted a supporting role and he left
90:44:39believing he had been promised one.
90:44:42The promise did not hold.
90:44:56In Kentucky, his commander soon stepped
90:44:59aside. The top job fell to him, and
90:45:04under enormous pressure, his nerves
90:45:07began to fail.
90:45:14Here's
90:45:21where you do the talking. Go ahead and
90:45:25talk and build me full sentences.
90:45:28>> Did he ask for a grand command?
90:45:38>> No.
90:45:40Capable as he was, he asked for a
90:45:43supporting role.
90:45:46Did the promise hold or did it fail?
90:45:53The promise did not hold.
90:45:57What happened in Kentucky?
90:46:06The top job fell to him.
90:46:09And under enormous pressure, his nerves
90:46:13began to fail.
90:46:16>> See, English is already coming out of
90:46:19you. Now listen and let's continue.
90:46:22>> He overestimated the enemy, demanded
90:46:26impossible numbers of reinforcements,
90:46:28and sank into despair.
90:46:34Newspapers
90:46:35called him insane.
90:46:49He was relieved of command and
90:46:51sidelined, a deep humiliation for a
90:46:54proud soldier.
90:46:57And his career looked finished before it
90:46:59had begun.
90:47:12Awesome. Quiz time. Let's jump into it.
90:47:16>> Did he overestimate the enemy?
90:47:26>> Yes.
90:47:28He overestimated the enemy
90:47:31and sank into despair.
90:47:34Did newspapers call him insane
90:47:39or brave?
90:47:44Newspapers
90:47:46called him insane.
90:47:49What was it for a proud soldier to be
90:47:52sidelined?
90:47:59It was a deep humiliation for a proud
90:48:03soldier.
90:48:06>> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen.
90:48:10>> Most people after such a humiliation
90:48:12would spend the war repairing their
90:48:14reputation and grabbing every chance for
90:48:18glory.
90:48:28He did something quieter.
90:48:32As Grant prepared to attack Fort
90:48:35Donaldelsson,
90:48:36this officer hurried supplies and
90:48:39reinforcements to him.
90:48:53Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and
90:48:55speak.
90:48:57Did he grab every chance for glory?
90:49:06No.
90:49:08He did something quieter.
90:49:12Did he send Grant reinforcements
90:49:16or complaints?
90:49:22Supplies and reinforcements to him.
90:49:26What would most people do after such a
90:49:29humiliation?
90:49:38They would spend the war repairing their
90:49:40reputation and grabbing every chance for
90:49:44glory.
90:49:47>> Good job. Let's continue the story.
90:49:50>> Close in date as their commissions were,
90:49:54he wrote that he would gladly serve
90:49:57without raising any question of rank.
90:50:09A few months later, after a devastating
90:50:12battle at Shiloh, Grant was criticized,
90:50:16sidelined, and ready to leave the army.
90:50:31No, the floor is yours. Let's go.
90:50:35>> Were their commissions close in date?
90:50:45Yes.
90:50:47Close in date as their commissions were,
90:50:50he wrote that he would gladly serve.
90:50:55Was the battle at Shiloh devastating
90:50:59or easy?
90:51:03It was a devastating battle.
90:51:07What happened to Grant after Shiloh?
90:51:17Grant was criticized, sidelined,
90:51:21and ready to leave the army.
90:51:25>> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the
90:51:28story.
90:51:29>> Into Grant's camp came the man who knew
90:51:33that kind of despair from the inside,
90:51:37and he talked Grant out of quitting.
90:51:50The officer the papers had written off
90:51:53was William Tecumpsa Sherman.
90:51:57And for the rest of the war, he was
90:52:00Grant's most trusted partner.
90:52:15A quick check before we move on. I want
90:52:17you to answer these questions.
90:52:20Did he talk Grant out of quitting?
90:52:29Yes, he talked Grant out of quitting.
90:52:36Did a stranger come into Grant's camp or
90:52:40the man who knew despair?
90:52:49Into Grant's camp came the man who knew
90:52:53that kind of despair.
90:52:56Who was the officer the papers had
90:52:59written off?
90:53:06The officer the papers had written off
90:53:09was William Tecumpsa Sherman.
90:53:14Now story is calling us. Let's continue.
90:53:18>> The two men relied on each other almost
90:53:21completely and together they helped
90:53:24bring a devastating war closer to its
90:53:28end.
90:53:33Years
90:53:39later, when admirers urged him to run
90:53:42for president, he refused firmly,
90:53:46wanting no part of political glory.
90:54:00Okay, questions time.
90:54:03Was the war devastating?
90:54:11Yes, it was a devastating war.
90:54:16Did he want political glory
90:54:19or no part of it?
90:54:25He wanted no part of political glory.
90:54:29What did admirers urge him to do?
90:54:37They urged him to run for president.
90:54:42Now relax your voice and let's continue
90:54:45listening.
90:54:46>> In Ego is the enemy. Ryan Holiday holds
90:54:51him up as ambition without vanity.
90:54:55A man who wanted the result more than
90:54:58the credit.
90:55:10Being second can be a strength.
90:55:15The second chair lets you learn, support
90:55:18a better plan, and survive failures that
90:55:22would destroy a star.
90:55:36every sentence.
90:55:38Speak it out loud. Okay, let's go.
90:55:41>> Does Holiday show him as ambition
90:55:45without vanity?
90:55:53Yes. Holiday holds him up as ambition
90:55:58without vanity.
90:56:01Did he want the result
90:56:04or the credit?
90:56:09He wanted the result more than the
90:56:12credit.
90:56:14What can being second be?
90:56:21Being second can be a strength.
90:56:25>> Nice one. Let's continue.
90:56:29>> It also demands courage
90:56:31because few people applaud the person
90:56:34who makes someone else's success
90:56:37possible.
90:56:47Of course, his story is not an argument
90:56:49for hiding forever.
90:56:52In time, he led enormous campaigns of
90:56:55his own.
90:57:07>> Let's hear you. Now it's your turn to
90:57:08speak.
90:57:10>> Do many people applaud the person in the
90:57:13second chair?
90:57:21No,
90:57:23few people applaud the person who makes
90:57:26someone else's success possible.
90:57:31Did he hide forever or lead campaigns of
90:57:36his own?
90:57:41In time he led enormous campaigns of his
90:57:44own.
90:57:46What does the second chair also demand?
90:57:54It also demands
90:57:57courage.
90:58:00>> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's
90:58:03keep it up and jump into the story.
90:58:06>> He simply did not overestimate the front
90:58:09seat. did not demand it before he was
90:58:13ready, and did not resent the man
90:58:16sitting in it.
90:58:28In your own work, you may be the one
90:58:31behind someone else, an assistant, a
90:58:34junior teacher, the colleague who
90:58:37quietly prepares everything.
90:58:50Now the table's turn. I'm going to ask
90:58:53you questions. You're going to do the
90:58:55talking. Let's go.
90:58:57>> Did he resent the man in the front seat?
90:59:05No, he did not resent the man sitting in
90:59:09it.
90:59:11Did he demand the front seat early or
90:59:14wait until he was ready?
90:59:21He did not demand it before he was
90:59:24ready.
90:59:26Who may you be in your own work?
90:59:34You may be the one behind someone else.
90:59:39>> Now, this is the time for the ending of
90:59:41the story. And here's the important the
90:59:44most important part basically. Let's
90:59:45continue.
90:59:47>> Serve that person well instead of
90:59:50resenting them.
90:59:53Learn without envy or vanity
90:59:57and give your best work before asking
91:00:01who gets the credit.
91:00:14Two generals, one war.
91:00:18History tends to remember and applaud
91:00:21the first. And yet the second helped
91:00:25make the first possible and grew
91:00:28stronger by choosing to.
91:00:43All right, final questions. I want you
91:00:46to answer full sentences and let's go.
91:00:50>> Should you resent the person in front of
91:00:53you?
91:01:00>> No.
91:01:02Serve that person well instead of
91:01:05resenting them.
91:01:08Does history applaud the first general
91:01:12or the second?
91:01:18History tends to remember and applaud
91:01:22the first.
91:01:24What did the second general do by
91:01:27choosing to?
91:01:35The second helped make the first
91:01:37possible and grew stronger by choosing
91:01:41to.
91:01:49The grammar we practice today, fronting
91:01:52for emphasis. This story belongs to the
91:01:56man standing slightly behind him, who,
91:01:59strange as it seems, deliberately chose
91:02:02the second chair.
91:02:06Capable as he was, he asked for
91:02:08something unusual.
91:02:11Close
91:02:13in date as their commissions were, he
91:02:16wrote that he would gladly serve without
91:02:18raising any question of rank.
91:02:22Into Grant's camp came the man who knew
91:02:25that kind of despair from the inside,
91:02:28and he talked Grant out of quitting.
91:02:38Congratulations.
91:02:40You practiced 516
91:02:43words in this story and you learned a
91:02:46lot.
91:02:48>> That's awesome.
91:02:55Congratulations and let's keep going.
91:03:05Just just listen to what happened.
91:03:41Fore
91:04:01level up.
91:04:13reading materials,
91:04:17writing
91:04:28while speaking,
91:04:33Shakespeare
91:04:53in general.
91:05:03WhatsApp.
91:05:35No, writing.
91:06:10Step by step.
91:06:14Alhamdulillah.
91:06:35Reading
91:06:50materials.
91:07:13Awesome.
91:07:21[laughter]
91:07:42Yeah.
91:07:47WhatsApp.
91:08:01for
91:08:20the emotional intelligence.
91:08:26Oh.
91:08:32>> [laughter]
91:08:50>> All that needs.
91:09:01Now
91:09:03the next door.
91:09:05The Next Door from the book Emotional
91:09:09Intelligence by Daniel Gman.
91:09:13Pessimist.
91:09:16Optimism.
91:09:18Accurate.
91:09:20Questioner.
91:09:23Salesperson.
91:09:26Applicant.
91:09:28Tenacity.
91:09:30Charm.
91:09:33Hopeless.
91:09:35Turn away.
91:09:39No.
91:09:41No. Thank you.
91:09:44Not interested.
91:09:47>> No.
91:09:50For a new salesperson, those words can
91:09:53arrive a dozen times before lunch.
91:10:07Decades ago, Metropolitan Life, one of
91:10:11America's largest insurance companies,
91:10:13had an expensive problem with those
91:10:17words
91:10:29Now, we're going to hear a question. I
91:10:31want you to answer it loudly in full
91:10:35sentences. Okay, let's go.
91:10:39Does a new salesperson hear no many
91:10:43times?
91:10:50Yes,
91:10:51those words can arrive a dozen times
91:10:54before lunch.
91:10:57Was Metropolitan Life an insurance
91:11:00company or a bank?
91:11:07It was one of America's largest
91:11:10insurance companies.
91:11:13What problem did the company have?
91:11:20It had an expensive problem with those
91:11:24words.
91:11:26Now back to the story.
91:11:29>> Its salespeople were turned down
91:11:32constantly and it kept hiring new
91:11:34recruits,
91:11:36most of whom quit within a few years.
91:11:39[gasps]
91:11:48The company already screened every
91:11:50applicant with a standard test meant to
91:11:53pick people who would succeed.
91:11:56Still, the quitting went on.
91:12:11Awesome. Quiz time. Let's jump into it.
91:12:15>> Did most new recruits stay?
91:12:25No. It kept hiring new recruits, most of
91:12:30whom quit within a few years.
91:12:34Did it screen every applicant with a
91:12:37standard test or an interview?
91:12:46It screened every applicant with a
91:12:49standard test.
91:12:51How often were its salespeople turned
91:12:54down?
91:13:00Its salespeople were turned down
91:13:03constantly.
91:13:06>> Nice one. Let's continue.
91:13:09So it turned to a psychologist Martin
91:13:12Celigman who had spent years studying
91:13:15why some people give up and others keep
91:13:18going.
91:13:28Seligman had noticed that people explain
91:13:31bad events in very different ways, and
91:13:34those explanations shape what they do
91:13:38next.
91:13:50Let's see what stayed in your mind.
91:13:53Let's go.
91:13:55>> Was Martin Celigman a psychologist?
91:14:05Yes.
91:14:06The company turned to a psychologist,
91:14:09Martin Seligman.
91:14:12Did he study why people give up or why
91:14:17people get rich?
91:14:26He studied why some people give up and
91:14:30others keep going.
91:14:33What shapes what people do next?
91:14:43Their explanations of bad events shape
91:14:46what they do next.
91:14:50>> Great answers. Let's see what happens
91:14:53now.
91:14:54>> A pessimist hears a rejection and tells
91:14:57himself he is hopeless at this. It will
91:15:01always be like this and it ruins
91:15:04everything.
91:15:16An optimist hears the same rejection and
91:15:19tells himself, "The customer was busy.
91:15:23It was one call and the next may go
91:15:26differently.
91:15:31Here's
91:15:39where you do the talking. Go ahead and
91:15:42talk and build me full sentences.
91:15:46>> Does the pessimist tell himself
91:15:49he is hopeless?
91:15:58Yes.
91:16:00He tells himself he is hopeless at this.
91:16:06Does the optimist blame himself or say
91:16:10the customer was busy?
91:16:18He tells himself the customer was busy.
91:16:22What does the optimist think about the
91:16:25next call?
91:16:30The next may go differently.
91:16:35>> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the
91:16:38story.
91:16:39>> He built a questionnaire to measure this
91:16:42habit.
91:16:44The company gave it to thousands of new
91:16:46hires,
91:16:48all of whom also took the standard test.
91:17:03The company then took a risk.
91:17:07Among the new hires was a special group,
91:17:10all of whom had failed its standard
91:17:13test.
91:17:26Now it's yours. Go ahead and talk loudly
91:17:30as much as you can.
91:17:33>> Did Seligman build a questionnaire?
91:17:42>> Yes, he built a questionnaire to measure
91:17:46this habit.
91:17:49Did the special group pass or fail the
91:17:53standard test?
91:18:01It was a special group all of whom had
91:18:04failed its standard test.
91:18:08Who took the questionnaire?
91:18:17The company gave it to thousands of new
91:18:20hires,
91:18:21all of whom also took the standard test.
91:18:28>> All right, let's see if you've guessed
91:18:29it right. Let's go to the next part of
91:18:31the story.
91:18:32>> Normally, such applicants would have
91:18:34been turned away.
91:18:37They were hired anyway
91:18:40because the questionnaire rated them as
91:18:44strong optimists.
91:18:57The old test said these people would
91:18:59fail.
91:19:01The questionnaire said they would keep
91:19:03knocking however many doors closed.
91:19:09Which was more accurate?
91:19:23Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to
91:19:25answer the questions?
91:19:27>> Were such applicants normally hired?
91:19:37No.
91:19:39Normally such applicants would have been
91:19:43turned away.
91:19:45Did the questionnaire rate them as
91:19:48optimists or pessimists?
91:19:56It rated them as strong optimists.
91:20:02What did the questionnaire say?
91:20:10It said they would keep knocking however
91:20:14many doors closed.
91:20:18>> That was amazing. Now, let's continue
91:20:20and enjoy the story.
91:20:22>> The results came in over 2 years.
91:20:27In their first year, that special group
91:20:30outsold the pessimists by 21%.
91:20:45In their second year, the gap had grown
91:20:47to 57%.
91:20:51Optimism, not the old test score, had
91:20:55kept them on the road.
91:21:09speaking time. I don't want you to
91:21:10overthink it. Just open your mouth and
91:21:13just talk whatever you remember from the
91:21:15story.
91:21:17>> Did the special group out sell the
91:21:20pessimists?
91:21:28>> Yes.
91:21:30That special group outsold the
91:21:32pessimists by 21%.
91:21:36Did the gap grow or shrink in the second
91:21:41year?
91:21:48The gap had grown to 57%.
91:21:55What had kept them on the road?
91:22:04optimism not the old test score had kept
91:22:08them on the road.
91:22:11>> Here's on. Now let's come to the next
91:22:13part.
91:22:14>> The difference was not charm or product
91:22:17knowledge.
91:22:19It was tenacity
91:22:21born of what happened inside each person
91:22:24after yet another door closed.
91:22:38Every no sounded the same, whatever a
91:22:42person's charm.
91:22:45What changed was the story each person
91:22:48told himself about it afterwards.
91:23:04That's amazing. Now we want to speak
91:23:06what you have read and listened.
91:23:09>> Was the difference charm?
91:23:18>> No, the difference was not charm or
91:23:22product knowledge. Was it tenacity or
91:23:27luck?
91:23:30It was tenacity.
91:23:34What changed for each person?
91:23:43What changed was the story each person
91:23:46told himself afterwards.
91:23:50Now relax your voice and let's continue
91:23:53listening.
91:23:55>> Optimism in this sense is not pretending
91:23:58things are fine.
91:24:00It is refusing to turn one rejection
91:24:04into a verdict on your future.
91:24:18Selidman argued that this habit can be
91:24:21learned.
91:24:23You catch the explanation,
91:24:26question it, and replace it with a more
91:24:30accurate one.
91:24:43Okay, questions time.
91:24:47>> Is optimism pretending things are fine?
91:24:56No, optimism is not pretending things
91:25:00are fine.
91:25:02Can this habit be learned or is it
91:25:05fixed?
91:25:11Seligman argued that this habit can be
91:25:15learned.
91:25:17What do you replace the explanation
91:25:19with?
91:25:24You remove it with a more accurate one.
91:25:29>> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen.
91:25:33>> Optimism keeps you going after
91:25:36rejection.
91:25:37And that tenacity is what eventually
91:25:41produces the Yes.
91:25:53English brings small rejections, most of
91:25:57which feel personal. The listener who
91:26:00switches languages, the examiner who
91:26:03does not smile.
91:26:05The score just short.
91:26:20Spotlight now is on you. I want you to
91:26:22answer the questions by actually
91:26:25talking. Let's go.
91:26:28>> Does tenacity produce
91:26:31the Yes.
91:26:39Yes.
91:26:41That tenacity is what eventually
91:26:44produces the yes.
91:26:48Does the examiner smile or not?
91:26:55The examiner does not smile.
91:27:00What does English bring?
91:27:09English brings small rejections,
91:27:12most of which feel personal.
91:27:17>> Okay, now listening mode.
91:27:20>> The pessimist inside you turns each one
91:27:23into a life sentence.
91:27:27My accent is hopeless.
91:27:30I will never be fluent.
91:27:33Picture
91:27:44yourself tomorrow just after one of
91:27:46those moments.
91:27:49The conversation went badly and you feel
91:27:52that familiar sinking.
91:28:05Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and
91:28:07speak.
91:28:09Does the pessimist inside you turn each
91:28:12rejection into a life sentence?
91:28:21Yes. The pessimist inside you turns each
91:28:25one into a life sentence.
91:28:29Did the conversation go well or badly?
91:28:37The conversation
91:28:39went badly.
91:28:41What do you feel after that moment?
91:28:48You feel that familiar sinking.
91:28:53Now, this is the time for the ending of
91:28:55the story. And here's the important the
91:28:57most important part basically. Let's
91:28:59continue.
91:29:01>> This time you rewrite the sentence.
91:29:07That conversation was hard. It was only
91:29:10one conversation.
91:29:13And I know which phrase to practice
91:29:16tonight.
91:29:28Then you do what those salespeople did.
91:29:32You do not turn away. You walk to the
91:29:36next door, take a breath, and speak
91:29:40again.
91:29:53All right, final questions. I want you
91:29:56to answer full sentences and let's go.
91:30:00>> Do you turn away?
91:30:09>> No,
91:30:10you do not turn away.
91:30:13You walk to the next door.
91:30:17Do you rewrite the sentence or repeat
91:30:20it?
91:30:25This time you rewrite the sentence.
91:30:30What do you do at the next door like
91:30:33those salespeople?
91:30:39You take a breath and speak again.
91:30:44[snorts]
91:30:51The grammar we practiced today,
91:30:53relatives with quantifiers.
91:30:56Its salespeople were turned down
91:30:58constantly and it kept hiring new
91:31:01recruits, most of whom quit within a few
91:31:04years.
91:31:06The company gave it to thousands of new
91:31:09hires, all of whom also took the
91:31:12standard test.
91:31:16Among the new hires was a special group,
91:31:19all of whom had failed its standard
91:31:21test.
91:31:24English brings small rejections, most of
91:31:28which feel personal. The listener who
91:31:30switches languages. The examiner who
91:31:33does not smile. The score just short.
91:31:44Congratulations.
91:31:46You practiced 516 words in this story
91:31:50and you learned a lot.
91:31:53>> Well done.
91:31:55And here's the thing.
91:31:59You are constantly learning something
91:32:01new. You're learning how to think in an
91:32:04ambitious way.
91:32:16And that's amazing.
91:32:19Thinking fast and slow. Let's jump into
91:32:21the story. Landed dice.
91:32:25Loaded dice
91:32:27from the book Thinking Fast and Slow by
91:32:31Daniel Carnean.
91:32:34anchoring,
91:32:36immune,
91:32:38seasoned,
91:32:40comforting,
91:32:43arbitrary,
91:32:45bias,
91:32:47respectable,
91:32:50deliberately,
91:32:52advertisement,
91:32:55measurement.
91:32:58Most of us hold a comforting belief
91:33:01experience protects experts from silly
91:33:04megs.
91:33:07A seasoned judge surely cannot be moved
91:33:11by nonsense.
91:33:23We love this belief because it is
91:33:26comforting and we depend on it.
91:33:29We want the doctor, the pilot and the
91:33:32judge to be steadier than we are.
91:33:48Now we're going to hear a question. I
91:33:50want you to answer it loudly in full
91:33:54sentences. Okay, let's go.
91:33:58>> Is the belief about experts
91:34:01comforting?
91:34:08Yes,
91:34:10most of us hold a comforting belief.
91:34:15In this belief, does experience protect
91:34:18experts
91:34:20or make them careless?
91:34:29In this belief, experience protects
91:34:32experts from silly mistakes.
91:34:36Why do we love this belief?
91:34:44We love it because it is comforting and
91:34:48we depend on it.
91:34:51>> Great answers. Let's see what happens
91:34:54now
91:34:55>> in thinking fast and slow. Daniel
91:34:59Connean describes an experiment
91:35:02that quietly breaks this belief.
91:35:14German researchers led by Berta English
91:35:18recruited seasoned judges whose average
91:35:22experience on the bench was more than 15
91:35:25years.
91:35:37Let's hear you. Now it's your turn to
91:35:39speak.
91:35:41>> Were the judges seasoned?
91:35:49Yes,
91:35:51the researchers recruited seasoned
91:35:54judges.
91:35:56Did the judges have more than 15 years
91:36:00or less than five?
91:36:08Their average experience was more than
91:36:1115 years.
91:36:14Who led the German researchers?
91:36:21Beer English led the German researchers.
91:36:26Great job. Now, back to the story.
91:36:29>> Each judge read the case of a woman
91:36:32caught shoplifting.
91:36:35It was an ordinary case, the kind they
91:36:38handled regularly.
91:36:49The next instruction was odd.
91:36:54Before deciding anything, each judge had
91:36:57to roll a pair of dice.
91:37:10>> Every sentence,
91:37:12speak it out loud. Okay, let's go.
91:37:16>> Was the case unusual?
91:37:24No, it was an ordinary case, the kind
91:37:27they handled regularly.
91:37:31Did each judge roll dice or flip a coin?
91:37:40Each judge had to roll a pair of dice.
91:37:45What was the case about?
91:37:51It was the case of a woman caught
91:37:54shoplifting.
91:37:57>> That [clears throat] was amazing. Now,
91:37:58let's continue and enjoy the story.
91:38:02>> The judges did not know the dice were
91:38:05deliberately loaded.
91:38:08Every roll came out as either a three or
91:38:12a nine.
91:38:24Then the judge was asked whether the
91:38:26woman deserved more or less than that
91:38:30many months in prison.
91:38:41>> Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and
91:38:43speak.
91:38:44Did the judges know the dice were
91:38:47loaded?
91:38:54No, they did not know the dice were
91:38:59deliberately loaded.
91:39:02Did every roll come out as a three or a
91:39:04nine or as a six?
91:39:13Every role came out as either a three or
91:39:18a nine.
91:39:20What was the judge asked?
91:39:28The judge was asked whether the woman
91:39:31deserved more or less than that many
91:39:35months.
91:39:37>> Okay, now listening mode.
91:39:40Finally, each judge wrote down the exact
91:39:45sentence they would give her.
91:39:54The dice had nothing to do with the law,
91:39:57the woman, or the crime, and every judge
91:40:01knew it, having rolled them by hand.
91:40:16No pressure. Um, honestly, a little bit
91:40:18pressure. I want you to answer the
91:40:21questions in full sentences.
91:40:24>> Did the dice have anything to do with
91:40:27the law?
91:40:33>> No. The dice had nothing to do with the
91:40:37law.
91:40:39Did the judges roll the dice by hand or
91:40:43watch someone else?
91:40:48They rolled them by hand.
91:40:53What did each judge write down?
91:41:01Each judge wrote down the exact sentence
91:41:05they would give her.
91:41:08>> Nice one. Let's continue.
91:41:11>> Yet, however arbitrary the number was,
91:41:15it followed them.
91:41:18Those who rolled a nine gave on average
91:41:21about 8 months.
91:41:24Those who rolled a three gave about
91:41:27five.
91:41:39Pause on that. An arbitrary number from
91:41:43a roll of dice moved a professional
91:41:46decision about a person's freedom by
91:41:49several months.
91:42:01Let's turn those ears into voice.
91:42:06>> Did the arbitrary number follow them?
91:42:16Yes.
91:42:17However arbitrary the number was, it
91:42:21followed them.
91:42:23Did the nine group give about eight
91:42:26months or about five?
91:42:34Those who rolled a nine gave about 8
91:42:38months.
91:42:40What did an arbitrary number move?
91:42:49It moved a professional decision about a
91:42:52person's freedom by several months.
91:42:58>> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's
91:43:01keep it up and jump into the story.
91:43:05>> Psychologists call this bias anchoring.
91:43:10Any number in your mind when you
91:43:13estimate becomes a starting point and
91:43:16you are just away from it too little.
91:43:30The judges were not careless. However
91:43:33seasoned they were, they simply could
91:43:36not feel the pull.
91:43:39And even people who know about anchoring
91:43:42rarely escape it.
91:43:55>> Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to
91:43:57answer the questions?
91:43:59>> Were the judges
91:44:01careless?
91:44:07No.
91:44:08The judges were not careless.
91:44:12Is anchoring a bias or a law?
91:44:22Psychologists call this bias anchoring.
91:44:27Why could the judges not escape it?
91:44:36However seasoned they were, they simply
91:44:39could not feel the pull.
91:44:44>> Now, back to the story.
91:44:47>> The myth says experience makes us safe.
91:44:52The record says experience does not make
91:44:55us immune however many years we have
91:44:59served.
91:45:11Much as we might wish otherwise,
91:45:13nobody is immune.
91:45:17The answer is to notice when a number
91:45:20arrived before your own thinking did.
91:45:28Awesome.
91:45:37Now it's speaking turn.
91:45:40>> Does experience make us immune?
91:45:51No.
91:45:53Experience does not make us immune.
91:45:57However many years we have served,
91:46:01is anybody immune or nobody?
91:46:10Much as we might wish otherwise,
91:46:13nobody is immune.
91:46:16What should you notice?
91:46:25Notice when a number arrived
91:46:29before your own thinking did.
91:46:33>> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the
91:46:35story.
91:46:37>> A random number can steer an expert and
91:46:41the same bias can steer a learner
91:46:45judging his own progress.
91:46:56Perhaps a friend scored very high on a
91:46:59test and ever since your own respectable
91:47:04score has felt like failure.
91:47:18Spotlight now is on you. I want you to
91:47:21answer the questions by actually
91:47:24talking. Let's go.
91:47:27>> Can the same bias steer a learner?
91:47:37>> Yes,
91:47:38the same bias can steer a learner
91:47:42judging his own progress.
91:47:46Did your friend score high or low?
91:47:54Your friend scored very high on a test.
91:47:58How has your own respectable score felt?
91:48:07Your own respectable score has felt like
91:48:11failure.
91:48:13>> Now story is calling us. Let's continue.
91:48:17Perhaps a teacher once placed you at a
91:48:20certain level and you have measured
91:48:23every day of study against that label.
91:48:35Perhaps an advertisement promised
91:48:38fluency in a few weeks.
91:48:41And now every honest month of work feels
91:48:45painfully slow.
91:48:59Speaking time. I don't want you to
91:49:01overthink it. Just open your mouth and
91:49:03just talk whatever you remember from the
91:49:06story.
91:49:07>> Did an advertisement promise fluency in
91:49:11a few weeks?
91:49:19Yes.
91:49:21An advertisement promised fluency in a
91:49:24few weeks.
91:49:27Did a teacher or a friend place you at a
91:49:31certain level?
91:49:36A teacher once placed you at a certain
91:49:39level.
91:49:41How does every honest month of work feel
91:49:44now?
91:49:49It feels painfully slow.
91:49:53>> Here's on. Now let's come to the next
91:49:55part.
91:49:57The friends score,
91:49:59the old label, the advertisement.
91:50:04Each is a pair of loaded dice,
91:50:09and none came from a measurement of your
91:50:12progress.
91:50:24So before you judge where you stand,
91:50:28ask where your starting number came
91:50:30from.
91:50:32Evidence or someone else's role.
91:50:48>> Okay. Speaking time. Speak your mind.
91:50:52Did the advertisement come from a
91:50:54measurement of your progress?
91:51:02No. None came from a measurement of your
91:51:06progress.
91:51:08Is the old label real evidence or a pair
91:51:12of loaded dice?
91:51:19Each is a pair of loaded dice.
91:51:24What should you ask before you judge?
91:51:32Ask where your starting number came
91:51:35from.
91:51:37That's it. This is the last part of a
91:51:39story. Give it your best.
91:51:42>> Then set your own anchor deliberately.
91:51:46A real score from a real practice test
91:51:50taken by you on an ordinary day.
91:52:05You are not behind a number somebody
91:52:08else rolled.
91:52:10You are where your last honest
91:52:13measurement says you are.
91:52:16And that is a respectable place to move
91:52:19from.
91:52:32>> The last round of questions. Let's end
91:52:35on a high note. Okay, let's go.
91:52:39Should you set your anchor deliberately?
91:52:49Yes.
91:52:50Set your own anchor deliberately.
91:52:55Is your last honest measurement a
91:52:58respectable place or a failure?
91:53:06It is a respectable place to move from.
91:53:11Where does your real score come from?
91:53:21It comes from a real practice test taken
91:53:25by you on an ordinary day.
91:53:36The grammar we practice today,
91:53:38concessive clauses. Yet, however
91:53:41arbitrary the number was, it followed
91:53:44them.
91:53:47The judges were not careless. However
91:53:49seasoned they were, they simply could
91:53:51not feel the pull. And even people who
91:53:54know about anchoring rarely escape it.
91:53:59The record says experience does not make
91:54:02us immune. However many years we have
91:54:04served
91:54:08much as we might wish otherwise, nobody
91:54:11is immune.
91:54:19Congratulations.
91:54:21You practiced 514 words in this story
91:54:25and you learned a lot.
91:54:28That's amazing. If you notice something,
91:54:43and you're doing it at the same time.
91:54:45That's such a great accomplishment.
91:54:49One of the most interesting books,
91:54:51Willpower,
91:55:02willpower.
91:55:20The willpower
91:55:26story totally new one. Shaving in the
91:55:30jungle.
91:55:32>> Shaving in the jungle from the book
91:55:35willpower by Roy F. Balmeister and John
91:55:39Tierney.
91:55:41Absurd,
91:55:43civilized,
91:55:46indispensable,
91:55:49razor,
91:55:51expedition,
91:55:54intact,
91:55:56starve,
91:55:58pointless,
91:56:01exhaustion,
91:56:03dishonest.
91:56:06It is just before dawn in the Ituri
91:56:10rainforest in the heart of Africa
91:56:14and the camp is silent
91:56:17except for the rain.
91:56:30The year is 1887.
91:56:33The men of the expedition are starving
91:56:36and sick. Some have run away and the
91:56:40forest seems endless.
91:56:54No one word answer. I don't want you to
91:56:56give me like ah small answers. I want
91:56:58you to give me full sentences aloud. And
91:57:01when you're gonna hear and listen to the
91:57:03sentence, repeat it yourself. Okay,
91:57:06let's go.
91:57:07>> Is the camp noisy?
91:57:17>> No,
91:57:18the camp is silent
91:57:21except for the rain.
91:57:24Are the men starving
91:57:27or wellfed?
91:57:33The men of the expedition are starving
91:57:36and sick.
91:57:38What year is it?
91:57:44The year is
91:57:461887.
91:57:50>> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep
91:57:52moving.
91:57:54>> They expected to cross it in about 2
91:57:57months.
91:57:58It will take them closer to six.
91:58:08In a tent at the center of the camp, a
91:58:11lamp is burning and the expedition's
91:58:14leader is doing something almost absurd.
91:58:28Now test yourself.
91:58:31Will the crossing take 2 months?
91:58:39No, it will take them closer to six.
91:58:44Is the leader doing something ordinary
91:58:48or almost absurd?
91:58:56The expedition's leader is doing
91:58:59something almost absurd.
91:59:03Where is the lamp burning?
91:59:10It is burning in a tent at the center of
91:59:13the camp.
91:59:16Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's
91:59:19keep it up and jump into the story.
91:59:23>> Scrape.
91:59:25He is shaving carefully as he does every
91:59:29single day
91:59:31as if he were in a London hotel rather
91:59:34than a starving camp.
91:59:47His name is Henry Morton Stanley, a
91:59:51journalist turned explorer already
91:59:54famous across Europe.
92:00:05Speaking time. Try answering with words
92:00:09you just heard. Go ahead.
92:00:12>> Is he shaving?
92:00:22Yes,
92:00:23he is shaving carefully as he does every
92:00:27single day.
92:00:30Is he in a London hotel
92:00:33or a starving camp?
92:00:41He is in a starving camp shaving as if
92:00:45he were in a London hotel.
92:00:49Who is he?
92:00:56His name is Henry Morton Stanley, a
92:01:00journalist turned explorer.
92:01:04>> Okay, now listening mode.
92:01:08Look closely at the razor and the bowl
92:01:10of water.
92:01:12There is no one to impress and no
92:01:15promise anyone will survive the weak.
92:01:29To many of the men around him, such
92:01:31habits seem pointless,
92:01:33as if civilized life belonged to another
92:01:36world.
92:01:38Exhaustion has taken their energy.
92:01:53Now it's yours. Go ahead and talk loudly
92:01:57as much as you can.
92:02:00>> Is there anyone to impress?
92:02:08No,
92:02:09there is no one to impress.
92:02:13Do his habits seem pointless or useful
92:02:17to the men?
92:02:22To many of the men, such habits seem
92:02:25pointless.
92:02:27How does civilized life seem to them?
92:02:36It is as if civilized life belonged to
92:02:41another world.
92:02:44>> Great job. Now, back to the story.
92:02:47>> At the rear camp, far behind them,
92:02:50things are worse.
92:02:54The officers there have lost control,
92:02:57and discipline has slid into cruelty.
92:03:12Stanley holds on to his routines as
92:03:15though nothing around him had collapsed.
92:03:20He shaves, writes in his journal, and
92:03:24keeps a strict order to each day.
92:03:39No, the floor is yours. Let's go.
92:03:43>> Are things better at the rear camp?
92:03:51>> No,
92:03:53at the rear camp things are worse.
92:03:57Does Stanley drop his routines
92:04:01or hold on to them?
92:04:09Stanley holds on to his routines
92:04:13as though nothing had collapsed.
92:04:17What has discipline slid into?
92:04:25Discipline has slid into cruelty.
92:04:30>> See, English is already coming out of
92:04:33you. Now listen and let's continue.
92:04:37>> Much later, psychologists studying
92:04:40self-control would point to him as a
92:04:43clear example of willpower under extreme
92:04:46pressure.
92:04:58Self-control, they argue, works somewhat
92:05:02like a muscle that tires with heavy use.
92:05:06A theory researchers still debate.
92:05:20That's amazing. Now you want to speak
92:05:22what you have read and listened.
92:05:25>> Do researchers still debate the muscle
92:05:28theory?
92:05:34>> Yes,
92:05:36it is a theory researchers still debate.
92:05:41Is self-control like a muscle or like a
92:05:45machine?
92:05:52Self-control works somewhat like a
92:05:55muscle that tires with heavy use.
92:06:00What did psychologists see in him?
92:06:10They would point to him as a clear
92:06:12example of willpower under extreme
92:06:16pressure.
92:06:19>> That was amazing. Now, let's continue
92:06:22and enjoy the story.
92:06:24>> Routines protect that energy.
92:06:29A man who shaves automatically
92:06:32does not have to decide each morning
92:06:35whether to keep his civilized self
92:06:38intact.
92:06:50By turning small choices into habits, he
92:06:54saved his willpower for the decisions
92:06:57that truly mattered.
92:06:59And there were many.
92:07:13>> A quick check before we move on. I want
92:07:15you to answer these questions.
92:07:18Does he have to decide each morning?
92:07:28No.
92:07:30A man who shaves automatically does not
92:07:33have to decide each morning.
92:07:36Did he save his willpower for small
92:07:39choices or for decisions that mattered?
92:07:49He saved his willpower for the decisions
92:07:52that truly mattered.
92:07:55What do routines protect?
92:08:02Routines protect that energy.
92:08:07>> Good job. Let's continue the story.
92:08:11He later wrote that self-control was
92:08:14more indispensable than gunpowder.
92:08:18A striking line from a man who traveled
92:08:21with armed men.
92:08:34It would be dishonest to stop there. His
92:08:38expeditions were often brutal toward the
92:08:41Africans around them, and history judges
92:08:44that plainly.
92:08:57>> Okay, questions time.
92:09:01>> Did he think self-control was
92:09:03indispensable?
92:09:12Yes.
92:09:14He wrote that self-control was more
92:09:17indispensable than gunpowder.
92:09:21Would it be honest or dishonest to stop
92:09:25there?
92:09:30It would be dishonest
92:09:33to stop there.
92:09:35How were his expeditions toward the
92:09:38Africans around them?
92:09:45They were often brutal toward the
92:09:47Africans around them.
92:09:50>> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the
92:09:53story.
92:09:55>> This is not a portrait of a good man,
92:09:58and pretending otherwise would be
92:10:00dishonest.
92:10:03It is a narrow look at one habit that
92:10:06held under pressure.
92:10:19The expedition reaches the coast late in
92:10:221889,
92:10:24having lost a great many of its people
92:10:26along the way.
92:10:37No pressure. Um, honestly, a little bit
92:10:40pressure. I want you to answer the
92:10:42questions in full sentences.
92:10:45>> Is this a portrait of a good man?
92:10:54No,
92:10:56this is not a portrait of a good man.
92:11:00Does the expedition reach the coast in
92:11:031889
92:11:05or in 1887?
92:11:13It reaches the coast late in 1889.
92:11:19What did the expedition lose along the
92:11:22way?
92:11:27It lost a great many of its people along
92:11:31the way.
92:11:34>> Now, back to the story.
92:11:37>> Stanley comes out weak but intact. And
92:11:41in his own view, much of the
92:11:44[clears throat] credit belongs to the
92:11:45Dow, stubborn rules he never dropped.
92:12:00What strikes me is how small, almost
92:12:03absurd, the rule was. Only a razor, a
92:12:08bowl of water, and a few quiet minutes.
92:12:24Speaking time, I don't want you to
92:12:26overthink it. Just open your mouth and
92:12:28just talk whatever you remember from the
92:12:31story.
92:12:32>> Does Stanley come out intact?
92:12:41Yes,
92:12:42he comes out weak but intact.
92:12:47Was the rule big and heroic or small and
92:12:52almost absurd?
92:12:59The rule was small, almost absurd.
92:13:04What was the rule?
92:13:13>> It was only a razor, a bowl of water,
92:13:18and a few quiet minutes.
92:13:22>> Nice one. Let's continue.
92:13:25>> Chaos rarely asks us for grand gestures.
92:13:30It asks whether we can make small
92:13:34promises when nobody is checking.
92:13:48Your own jungle might be exam season, a
92:13:53new job, or a hard year at home.
92:14:06Awesome. Quiz time. Let's jump into it.
92:14:10Does chaos ask us for grand gestures?
92:14:20No.
92:14:22Chaos rarely asks us for grand gestures.
92:14:28Might your jungle be exam season or a
92:14:33holiday?
92:14:40Your own jungle might be exam season, a
92:14:45new job, or a hard year at home.
92:14:50What does chaos ask?
92:14:58It asks whether we can keep small
92:15:01promises when nobody is checking.
92:15:06>> That's it. This is the last part of the
92:15:08story. Give it your best.
92:15:12>> Everyone has a razor.
92:15:15One small indispensable act that says
92:15:19you are still yourself.
92:15:31Perhaps it is 10 English words before
92:15:34breakfast.
92:15:35Done even when exhaustion argues.
92:15:47It is time you found yours
92:15:50and kept it most carefully on the days
92:15:54it seems pointless.
92:16:06Awesome. This is the final questions for
92:16:09this one. Go ahead. I don't want you to
92:16:11leave anything on the table. Try to
92:16:12answer every single question. Go ahead.
92:16:16Do you do your small act even when
92:16:20exhaustion argues?
92:16:28Yes,
92:16:29it is done even when exhaustion argues.
92:16:35Is it time you found yours
92:16:38or time you gave up?
92:16:45It is time you found yours.
92:16:51What does everyone have?
92:17:00Everyone has a razor. One small
92:17:04indispensable act.
92:17:13The grammar we practice today, unreal
92:17:16past. He is shaving carefully, as he
92:17:20does every single day, as if he were in
92:17:23a London hotel rather than a starving
92:17:26camp.
92:17:29To many of the men around him, such
92:17:31habits seem pointless, as if civilized
92:17:34life belonged to another world.
92:17:39Stanley holds on to his routines as
92:17:42though nothing around him had collapsed.
92:17:47It is time you found yours and kept it
92:17:50most carefully on the days it seems
92:17:53pointless.
92:18:01Congratulations.
92:18:03You practiced 515
92:18:05words in this story.
92:18:07And you learned a lot
92:18:11>> honestly. Well done.
92:18:17And uh this is the important thing. You
92:18:20you're you're improving your English.
92:18:21You're improving your mindset and that's
92:18:24going to make you a undestroyable
92:18:28man or or like undesirable guy. So
92:18:32that's amazing.
92:18:35The 48 laws of power.
92:18:55That's it.
92:19:05Right.
92:19:28laws of power. Let's jump into the
92:19:30story. The medicine of Medician
92:19:34stars.
92:19:36>> The Medician stars from the book The 48
92:19:40Laws of Power by Robert Green.
92:19:44Petron,
92:19:46flattery,
92:19:48dedicate,
92:19:50tutor,
92:19:53overworked,
92:19:55long for
92:19:58scholar,
92:20:00border,
92:20:02telescope,
92:20:05incomplete.
92:20:08In January 1610
92:20:11in the university town of Padua,
92:20:14a professor pointed a homemade telescope
92:20:17at Jupiter
92:20:19and noticed tiny stars beside it.
92:20:35Night after night he returned to the
92:20:37telescope and soon a fourth appeared.
92:20:43They moved, vanished, and came back,
92:20:48which ordinary stars simply do not do.
92:21:04That's amazing. I want you to listen to
92:21:07the questions and answer in sentences.
92:21:11build full sentences, not just words.
92:21:14Okay, let's go.
92:21:16>> Did the professor point a homemade
92:21:19telescope at Jupiter?
92:21:28Yes.
92:21:30A professor pointed a homemade telescope
92:21:33at Jupiter
92:21:35and noticed tiny stars beside it.
92:21:40Did a fourth star appear or did the
92:21:44stars stay the same?
92:21:53A fourth appeared.
92:21:56They moved, vanished, and came back.
92:22:02Where did he return night after night?
92:22:11He returned to the telescope night after
92:22:14night.
92:22:17>> Nice one. Let's continue.
92:22:20>> Within weeks, Galileo Galile had worked
92:22:23it out.
92:22:25These were moons circling Jupiter,
92:22:30something no one had ever seen.
92:22:44It was a discovery that was to change
92:22:46his life.
92:22:48Yet the man behind it could barely find
92:22:51time for research.
92:23:02Let's turn those ears into voice.
92:23:06Was the discovery to change his life?
92:23:17Yes,
92:23:18it was a discovery that was to change
92:23:22his life.
92:23:24Were these moons or ordinary stars?
92:23:33These were moons circling Jupiter.
92:23:38What could the man barely find time for?
92:23:45He could barely find time for research.
92:23:51>> Now you are warmed up. Now, let's keep
92:23:53moving.
92:23:55>> He was an overworked professor, teaching
92:23:59crowded classes and taking in borders to
92:24:02stretch a modest salary.
92:24:14What the overworked scholar longed for
92:24:17most was freedom.
92:24:22Time to observe, think and write without
92:24:25borders at his table.
92:24:40Great speaking time. Now, let's jump
92:24:43into the speaking time.
92:24:46>> Was he an overworked professor?
92:24:55Yes, he was an overworked professor
92:25:00teaching crowded classes.
92:25:03Did he take in borders or sell his
92:25:06telescope?
92:25:12He took in borders to stretch a modest
92:25:15salary.
92:25:17What did the overworked scholar long for
92:25:21most?
92:25:28He longed for freedom.
92:25:32Time to observe, think and write.
92:25:37>> See, English is already coming out of
92:25:40you. Now listen and let's continue.
92:25:43In his world, that freedom came from one
92:25:47place.
92:25:49A patron willing to pay for a scholar's
92:25:52work.
92:26:03Imagine you are in his position.
92:26:06You hold the greatest discovery of your
92:26:09age and you get to name it.
92:26:23Okay, speaking time. Speak your mind.
92:26:27>> Did that freedom come from a pat?
92:26:37Yes,
92:26:39that freedom came from one place.
92:26:43A patron willing to pay for a scholar's
92:26:47work.
92:26:48Do you hold a small discovery or the
92:26:52greatest discovery of your age?
92:26:58You hold the greatest discovery of your
92:27:01age.
92:27:03What do you get to do with it?
92:27:08You get to
92:27:10name it
92:27:13>> now. Story's calling us. Let's continue.
92:27:17>> Do you name the moons after yourself
92:27:21so history remembers you
92:27:24or after the ancient gods as astronomers
92:27:28traditionally did?
92:27:41Galileo did neither.
92:27:45He named them after the Medici, Tuskan's
92:27:48ruling family, calling them the Medician
92:27:52stars.
92:28:05Speaking time. Try answering with words
92:28:08you just heard. Go ahead.
92:28:12>> Did Galileo name the moons after
92:28:14himself?
92:28:22>> No.
92:28:24Galileo did neither.
92:28:27He named them after the Medici.
92:28:31Did he name them after the ancient gods
92:28:35or after the Medi?
92:28:42He named them after the Medi,
92:28:46Tuskan's ruling family.
92:28:49What did he call the moons?
92:28:56He called them the Medician stars.
92:29:02>> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's
92:29:06keep it up and jump into the story.
92:29:09>> It was hardly a random choice.
92:29:13Years earlier, he had tutored the young
92:29:15Cosmo Deichi in mathematics, and Cosmo
92:29:19was now Grand Duke.
92:29:32He was about to publish the discovery in
92:29:35the starry messenger. He dedicated it to
92:29:39Cosimo with one moon for each of the
92:29:42four Medici brothers.
92:29:56Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to
92:29:58answer the questions?
92:30:00>> Had he tutored the young Cosimo?
92:30:10Yes. Years earlier, he had tutored the
92:30:13young Cosmo in mathematics.
92:30:17Was he about to publish the discovery or
92:30:20about to hide it?
92:30:27He was about to pum it tessively in the
92:30:31starry messenger.
92:30:33Who did he dedicate it to?
92:30:42He dedicated it to Cosimo with one moon
92:30:46for each of the four Meduchi brothers.
92:30:52>> Now relax your voice and let's continue
92:30:54listening.
92:30:56>> The response came quickly.
92:30:59That same year, the man who had tutored
92:31:02a boy was to become chief mathematician
92:31:05and philosopher to that boy's court.
92:31:19The post came with a generous salary and
92:31:23no teaching.
92:31:26In Florence, the freedom he had longed
92:31:28for finally arrived.
92:31:43That's amazing. Now we want to speak
92:31:45what you have read and listened.
92:31:49>> Was he to become chief mathematician to
92:31:52the court?
92:32:00Yes,
92:32:01he was to become chief mathematician and
92:32:05philosopher to that boy's court.
92:32:09Did the post come with teaching or with
92:32:12no teaching?
92:32:19The post came with a generous salary and
92:32:23no teaching.
92:32:25Where did the freedom he had longed for
92:32:28arrive?
92:32:35In Florence, the freedom he had longed
92:32:38for finally arrived.
92:32:43>> Good job. Let's continue the story.
92:32:46>> Robert Green places this episode in the
92:32:49first law of the 48 laws of power.
92:32:54reading it as a masterclass in flattery.
92:33:08In his reading, Galileo made his master
92:33:12shine and was rewarded for it.
92:33:17That reading is not wrong,
92:33:20though I suspect it is incomplete.
92:33:36All right, time to prove your focusing.
92:33:39Let's jump into it.
92:33:41>> Does Green read it as a masterclass in
92:33:44flattery?
92:33:51Yes,
92:33:53Green reads it as a master class in
92:33:56flattery.
92:33:58Is that reading wrong or is it
92:34:01incomplete?
92:34:07It is not wrong, though I suspect it is
92:34:11incomplete.
92:34:13What was Galileo rewranty for?
92:34:22>> He made his master shine and was
92:34:25rewarded for it.
92:34:28>> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the
92:34:31story.
92:34:33>> In fairness, when he named the moons,
92:34:36the Medici were not yet paying him.
92:34:40They were to become his patrons only
92:34:43afterwards.
92:34:55The dedication was partly a bid for
92:34:58their support.
92:35:00Yet the honor did not stop once the
92:35:03salary arrived.
92:35:15Now the table's turn. I'm going to ask
92:35:18you questions. You're going to do the
92:35:20talking. Let's go.
92:35:22>> Were the Medici paying him when he named
92:35:25the moons?
92:35:30No, the Medici were not yet paying him.
92:35:35Were they to become his patrons before
92:35:39or afterwards?
92:35:45They were to become his patrons only
92:35:48afterwards.
92:35:50What was the dedication
92:35:52at least partly?
92:36:00The dedication was partly a bid for
92:36:03their support.
92:36:06Great answers. Let's see what happens
92:36:09now.
92:36:10>> 20 years later, he dedicated his great
92:36:13dialogue to the next Grand Duke. Still
92:36:17naming the family that kept him working.
92:36:29Behind almost every achievement stands
92:36:31someone who paid, taught, waited or
92:36:37believed.
92:36:39And such people are rarely mentioned.
92:36:54Let's see what stayed in your mind.
92:36:58Let's go.
92:36:59Did he dedicate his great dialogue to
92:37:02the next Grand Duke?
92:37:11Yes.
92:37:1420 years later, he dedicated his great
92:37:17dialogue to the next Grand Duke.
92:37:22Are such people often mentioned or
92:37:26rarely mentioned?
92:37:31Such people are rarely mentioned.
92:37:35Who stands behind almost every
92:37:38achievement.
92:37:46Behind almost every achievement stands
92:37:50someone who paid, taught, waited,
92:37:56or believed.
92:37:59>> Great job. Now, back to the story.
92:38:02>> Honoring the people who support your
92:38:04work is not weakness,
92:38:07and it is not flattery when it is true.
92:38:12It is simply accurate.
92:38:25People who feel genuinely seen tend to
92:38:29keep supporting you.
92:38:37No pressure. Um, honestly, a little bit
92:38:40pressure. I want you to answer the
92:38:42questions in full sentences.
92:38:46>> Is honoring your supporters a weakness?
92:38:56No.
92:38:58Honoring the people who support your
92:39:01work is not weakness.
92:39:04Is true praise flattery or is it simply
92:39:09accurate?
92:39:17It is not flattery when it is true. It
92:39:21is simply accurate.
92:39:25What do people who feel genuinely seen
92:39:29tend to do?
92:39:35They tend to keep supporting you.
92:39:39Now, this is the time for the ending of
92:39:41the story. And here's the important the
92:39:44most important part basically. Let's
92:39:46continue.
92:39:47>> Think about your own English journey.
92:39:51Any account of your progress that leaves
92:39:54out the people behind it is incomplete.
92:40:03Perhaps
92:40:09a parent paying for your course, a
92:40:13teacher who stayed after class,
92:40:16or a friend who tested you before an
92:40:18exam
92:40:30this week. Tell one of them exactly what
92:40:34they made possible.
92:40:37As Galileo kept a family's name on his
92:40:40work for life.
92:40:55Last questions. Finish the story with
92:40:59the best answers possible.
92:41:02Is an account that leaves out your
92:41:04supporters incomplete?
92:41:13Yes.
92:41:15Any account of your progress that leaves
92:41:18out the people behind it is incomplete.
92:41:23Should you tell them this year or this
92:41:26week?
92:41:33this week.
92:41:36Tell one of them exactly what they made
92:41:39possible.
92:41:42What did Galileo keep on his work for
92:41:45life?
92:41:52Galileo kept a family's name on his work
92:41:56for life.
92:42:04The grammar we practiced today, future
92:42:08in the past. It was a discovery that was
92:42:11to change his life. Yet the man behind
92:42:14it could barely find time for research.
92:42:19He was about to publish the discovery in
92:42:21the Starry Messenger.
92:42:25That same year, the man who had tutored
92:42:27a boy was to become chief mathematician
92:42:30and philosopher to that boy's court.
92:42:34They were to become his patrons only
92:42:37afterwards.
92:42:45Congratulations.
92:42:47You practiced 519 words in this story
92:42:51and you learned a lot.
92:42:54See, that wasn't hard.
92:43:04This is amazing. Let's keep it up.
92:43:22I want you to listen to what happened.
92:43:24Let's go.
92:43:40for
92:43:47Facebook,
92:43:54YouTube.
92:44:33listening, reading, writing, speaking.
92:44:36AI
92:44:52writing
92:44:59writing. Janet
92:45:14on
92:45:17listening,
92:45:27speaking English, then
92:45:56Oxford
92:46:01speaking
92:46:07writing
92:46:18achievement.
92:46:40listening
92:46:43speaking or writing. We talked about
92:47:02Awesome.
92:47:25It's something amazing. It's something
92:47:26totally crazy.
92:47:36Super communicators.
92:47:41Social media
92:47:50communicators. [clears throat]
92:47:51Communicator. Super communicators.
92:47:55Super
92:47:57communicators.
92:48:05It's It's a very very nice book. Let's
92:48:07jump into the story The Question in the
92:48:10Jury Room.
92:48:12>> The Question in the Jury Room from the
92:48:15book Supercommunicators
92:48:17by Charles Duhig.
92:48:20Aquit
92:48:22unanimous.
92:48:25Jurro.
92:48:27Exception.
92:48:30Felon.
92:48:32Defendant.
92:48:34Sincere.
92:48:36Unlock.
92:48:39Forceful.
92:48:42Beside the point.
92:48:4512 strangers sat around a table in a
92:48:48Wisconsin courthouse,
92:48:50and with the court's permission, a
92:48:53camera recorded every word.
92:49:07It was the 1980s and the recording gave
92:49:11the public one of its first real looks
92:49:14inside a jury room.
92:49:27No one word answer. I don't want you to
92:49:28give me like ah small answers. I want
92:49:30you to give me full sentences aloud. And
92:49:33when you're going to hear and listen to
92:49:35the sentence, repeat it yourself. Okay,
92:49:38let's go.
92:49:40>> Did a camera record every word in the
92:49:43jury room?
92:49:51Yes.
92:49:53With the court's permission, a camera
92:49:56recorded every word.
92:50:00Were there 12 strangers or 20 strangers
92:50:04at the table?
92:50:1012 strangers sat around a table in a
92:50:14Wisconsin courthouse.
92:50:17What did the recording give the public?
92:50:26It gave the public one of its first real
92:50:29looks inside a jury room.
92:50:35>> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen.
92:50:39>> The case seems simple.
92:50:42The defendant, a felon with an old
92:50:44conviction, had bought a gun which the
92:50:47law said he could not own.
92:51:00His defense claimed that he had bought
92:51:03it because he dreamed of becoming a
92:51:05private detective and believed a
92:51:07detective would need one
92:51:19speaking time. Try answering with words
92:51:22you just heard. Go ahead.
92:51:26Was the defendant a felon?
92:51:36Yes. The defendant was a felon with an
92:51:40old conviction.
92:51:43Did his defense claim he wanted to hunt
92:51:47or to become a private detective?
92:51:56His defense claimed that he dreamed of
92:51:59becoming a private detective.
92:52:03What had the defendant bought?
92:52:12The defendant had bought a gun which the
92:52:16law said he could not own.
92:52:20>> Now relax your voice and let's continue
92:52:23listening.
92:52:25>> Some jurors insisted on applying the law
92:52:28to the letter with no exception.
92:52:33Others maintained that he had not
92:52:35understood what he was doing.
92:52:48When they first voted, most wanted to
92:52:51acquit. Yet a few held firm, and each
92:52:55side kept repeating its arguments more
92:52:58loudly.
92:53:11Let's turn those ears into voice.
92:53:15Did some jurors insist on applying the
92:53:18law with no exception?
92:53:27Yes,
92:53:29some jurors insisted on applying the law
92:53:32to the letter with no exception.
92:53:36Did most jurors first want to acquit or
92:53:40to find him guilty?
92:53:46When they first voted, most wanted to
92:53:49acquit.
92:53:51What did the others maintain?
92:53:59Others maintained that he had not
92:54:01understood what he was doing.
92:54:05Good job. Let's continue the story.
92:54:09>> What would you do at that table trying
92:54:12to bring 11 tired strangers to a
92:54:15unanimous decision?
92:54:26Most of us reach for familiar tools.
92:54:30Stronger evidence, a more forceful
92:54:32voice, or an early vote to see who is
92:54:36winning.
92:54:48Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and
92:54:50speak.
92:54:52>> Do you need a unanimous decision?
92:55:02>> Yes.
92:55:04You are trying to bring 11 tired
92:55:07strangers to a unanimous decision.
92:55:12Do most of us reach for a forceful voice
92:55:16or a quiet question?
92:55:23Most of us reach for familiar tools like
92:55:26a more forceful voice.
92:55:29Why do some people hold an early vote?
92:55:38They hold an early vote to see who is
92:55:42winning.
92:55:45>> Okay, now listening mode.
92:55:48>> Some people simply wait for the loudest
92:55:51voice to wear everyone else down
92:55:55as if the evidence were beside the
92:55:57point.
92:56:08What moved the room in the end was not a
92:56:11more forceful argument.
92:56:15Some jurors stopped defending their own
92:56:17view and began asking about the
92:56:20doubters's view.
92:56:34That's amazing. Now you want to speak
92:56:36what you have read and listened.
92:56:40>> Was the evidence beside the point for
92:56:43the loudest voice?
92:56:51Yes.
92:56:53They wait for the loudest voice as if
92:56:56the evidence were beside the point.
92:57:00Did a more forceful argument move the
92:57:03room? Or did asking?
92:57:13It was not a more forceful argument.
92:57:18Some jurors began asking about the
92:57:21doubters's view.
92:57:23What did some jurors stop defending?
92:57:32Some jurors stopped defending their own
92:57:36view.
92:57:38Now stories calling us. Let's continue.
92:57:42One juror made a sincere request for a
92:57:45doubter to explain more.
92:57:48Another asked whether a good law could
92:57:51ever allow an exception.
92:58:05Slowly the answers revealed something
92:58:08surprising.
92:58:10The jurors had not been having the same
92:58:13conversation at all.
92:58:26Spotlight now is on you. I want you to
92:58:29answer the questions by actually
92:58:32talking. [clears throat] Let's go.
92:58:34>> Did one juror make a sincere request?
92:58:44Yes.
92:58:46One juror made a sincere request for a
92:58:50doubter to explain more.
92:58:54Did another ask about an exception or
92:58:57about the prison?
92:59:05Another asked whether a good law could
92:59:08ever allow an exception.
92:59:12What had the jurors not been having?
92:59:15[clears throat]
92:59:21The jurors had not been having the same
92:59:23conversation at all.
92:59:27>> That was amazing. Now, let's continue
92:59:30and enjoy the story.
92:59:32Much of the room was talking about
92:59:35justice and feelings,
92:59:37while the last hold out insisted on a
92:59:41practical question.
92:59:44What exactly does the law require?
92:59:58Then someone met the hold out there
93:00:02asking whether the defendant had truly
93:00:06linked two facts.
93:00:09He was a felon
93:00:11and felons may not own guns.
93:00:27All right, time to prove your focusing.
93:00:31Let's jump into it.
93:00:33>> Did the last hold out insist on a
93:00:36practical question?
93:00:44Yes. The last hold out insisted on a
93:00:48practical question.
93:00:51Was the room talking about feelings
93:00:54or about money?
93:01:01Much of the room was talking about
93:01:03justice
93:01:05and feelings.
93:01:08Which two facts did the defendant have
93:01:11to link?
93:01:18He was a felon and felons may not own
93:01:22guns.
93:01:25Here's on. Now let's come to the next
93:01:27part.
93:01:28>> The holdout conceded that this was the
93:01:31weakest point of the case and the next
93:01:34vote was unanimous.
93:01:37All 12 voted to acquit.
93:01:52Whether you would agree with that
93:01:53verdict is beside the point.
93:01:57What changed was the quality of the
93:02:00conversation.
93:02:11No pressure. Um, honestly, a little bit
93:02:14pressure. I want you to answer the
93:02:16questions in full sentences.
93:02:20>> Did the hold out concede the weakest
93:02:23point?
93:02:30Yes.
93:02:32The hold out conceded that this was the
93:02:36weakest point of the case.
93:02:39Was the next vote unanimous or split
93:02:43again?
93:02:50The next vote was unanimous.
93:02:53All 12 voted to acquit.
93:02:57What changed in the room?
93:03:04What changed was the quality of the
93:03:07conversation.
93:03:10>> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the
93:03:13story.
93:03:14>> We like to believe disagreements are won
93:03:17by the strongest argument.
93:03:20More often, it seems they are unlocked
93:03:25by the right question.
93:03:38A sincere question tells people their
93:03:41view is worth hearing
93:03:44and brings out what is really at stake
93:03:46for them.
93:03:57A quick check before we move on. I want
93:04:00you to answer these questions.
93:04:03>> Are disagreements more often unlocked by
93:04:06the right question?
93:04:14Yes.
93:04:16More often it seems they are unlocked by
93:04:21the right question.
93:04:23Does a sincere question tell people
93:04:26their view is worthless or worth
93:04:29hearing?
93:04:36A sincere question tells people their
93:04:39view is worth hearing.
93:04:43What do we like to believe about
93:04:45disagreements?
93:04:52We like to believe disagreements are won
93:04:55by the strongest argument.
93:04:59Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep
93:05:02moving.
93:05:03>> Charles Duhig studies moments like this
93:05:07in Super Commmunicators,
93:05:09his book about why some people connect
93:05:12so easily.
93:05:23He maintains that most discussions are
93:05:27practical, emotional or social and that
93:05:31people connect once they realize which
93:05:34kind they are having.
93:05:48Let's see what stayed in your mind.
93:05:52Let's go.
93:05:53>> Does Doohig maintain that discussions
93:05:57can be practical?
93:06:05Yes,
93:06:07he maintains that most discussions are
93:06:10practical, emotional
93:06:13or social.
93:06:16Do people connect once they realize the
93:06:20kind
93:06:21or once they win?
93:06:26People
93:06:29connect once they realize which kind
93:06:33they are having.
93:06:35What does Doohig study in super
93:06:38commmunicators?
93:06:45Charles Doohig studies moments like this
93:06:49in super communicators.
93:06:53>> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's
93:06:56keep it up and jump into the story.
93:06:59>> Asking good questions is a skill, not a
93:07:03personality trait. And like your
93:07:06English, it improves with deliberate
93:07:09practice.
93:07:21You will probably join a stuck group
93:07:24soon.
93:07:25A study team, a family decision, or a
93:07:30meeting that keeps repeating itself.
93:07:44Okay, questions time. Let's jump into
93:07:46it.
93:07:48>> Is asking good questions a personality
93:07:51trait?
93:07:58No,
93:08:01asking good questions is a skill, not a
93:08:04personality trait.
93:08:07Will you join a stuck group soon or
93:08:11never?
93:08:17You will probably join a stuck group
93:08:21soon.
93:08:23How does the skill improve?
93:08:31Like your English, it improves with
93:08:34deliberate practice.
93:08:38>> Now, this is the final part. I want you
93:08:40to focus and jump into it.
93:08:43>> Next time a discussion goes in circles,
93:08:46try a small experiment.
93:08:50Ask one person what matters most to them
93:08:55and see what it can unlock.
93:09:09Then listen to the whole answer without
93:09:12preparing your reply and notice what
93:09:15shifts in the room.
93:09:27One final question, bro. You've done the
93:09:29whole thing. Now, let's do the final
93:09:31one.
93:09:32>> Can one question unlock a stuck
93:09:36discussion?
93:09:44Yes.
93:09:46Ask one person what matters most to them
93:09:50and see what it can unlock.
93:09:53Should you prepare your reply or listen
93:09:57to the whole answer?
93:10:04Listen to the whole answer without
93:10:07preparing your reply.
93:10:10What should you notice?
93:10:16Notice what shifts in the room.
93:10:26The grammar we practice today, advanced
93:10:30reporting verbs. His defense claimed
93:10:33that he had bought it because he dreamed
93:10:35of becoming a private detective and
93:10:38believed a detective would need one.
93:10:43Some jurors insisted on applying the law
93:10:45to the letter with no exception.
93:10:51Others maintained that he had not
93:10:52understood what he was doing.
93:10:56Much of the room was talking about
93:10:58justice and feelings, while the last
93:11:01hold out insisted on a practical
93:11:03question. What exactly does the law
93:11:06require?
93:11:14Congratulations. You practiced 515 words
93:11:18in this story and you learned a lot.
93:11:23>> Let's pause for a second.
93:11:28You finished another story
93:11:32and you learned a new lesson. You
93:11:35learned a new way of thinking. And
93:11:38that's amazing.
93:11:41The psychology of money. And I love this
93:11:43book because
93:12:13I don't care.
93:12:26Let's get into the story. One more zero.
93:12:30One more zero from the book The
93:12:33Psychology of Money by Morgan Hel.
93:12:37grief.
93:12:39Relentless
93:12:42reportedly
93:12:44legendary
93:12:47hedge fund
93:12:49put on the table.
93:12:52Insider trading
93:12:56temptation
93:12:58assignment
93:13:01billionaire.
93:13:04It was a quiet board meeting.
93:13:07held by telephone.
93:13:10The call one man made seconds later
93:13:14would cost him almost everything he had
93:13:17built.
93:13:29Born in Kolkata, that man knew grief
93:13:32early.
93:13:34He lost his father and then his mother
93:13:38before he finished his teams.
93:13:52Now we're going to hear a question. I
93:13:54want you to answer it loudly in full
93:13:58sentences. Okay, let's go.
93:14:02Was the board meeting held by telephone?
93:14:13Yes, it was a quiet board meeting held
93:14:17by telephone.
93:14:20Did the man know grief early or late in
93:14:24life?
93:14:29That man knew grief early.
93:14:33Whom did he lose before he finished his
93:14:37teens?
93:14:42He lost his father
93:14:44and then his mother.
93:14:48See, English is already coming out of
93:14:50you. Now listen and let's continue.
93:14:54Rajat Gupta did not let that grief
93:14:57define him. He studied relentlessly,
93:15:01reached one of India's top
93:15:02[clears throat] engineering schools,
93:15:04then Harvard.
93:15:17He joined McKenzie, the legendary firm
93:15:20that advises giant companies. and in the
93:15:23'9s became its first head born outside
93:15:26America.
93:15:39>> Did that make sense? Now, let's check.
93:15:42>> Did Gupta let grief define him?
93:15:51No, Rajat Gupta did not let that grief
93:15:55define him.
93:15:58Did he study relentlessly
93:16:01or lazily?
93:16:05He studied relentlessly.
93:16:09What kind of firm was McKenzie?
93:16:18McKenzie was the legendary firm that
93:16:21advises giant companies.
93:16:25>> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep
93:16:28moving.
93:16:30>> He advised powerful executives, helped
93:16:33found a business school in India, and
93:16:36gave his time to health charities.
93:16:47By then he was reportedly worth around
93:16:50$100 million.
93:16:54Most people would call that enough.
93:17:07Here's where you do the talking. Go
93:17:10ahead and talk and build me full
93:17:12sentences.
93:17:14>> Was he reportedly worth $100 million?
93:17:26Yes, he was reportedly worth around $100
93:17:31million.
93:17:33Did he give his time to health charities
93:17:37or to parties?
93:17:42He gave his time to health charities.
93:17:47What would most people call that?
93:17:54Most people would call that
93:17:57enough.
93:17:59Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's
93:18:02keep it up and jump into the story.
93:18:06He apparently did not.
93:18:10>> By many accounts, he had begun measuring
93:18:13himself against a different circle.
93:18:17>> Billionaires.
93:18:29He sat on famous boards, including
93:18:33Goldman Sachs,
93:18:35among people whose fortunes made his
93:18:38look modest.
93:18:50That hunger for the next level is hardly
93:18:53unusual.
93:18:56What he did with it was
93:19:09>> Okay, questions time.
93:19:12>> Did he call it enough?
93:19:19No,
93:19:21he apparently did not.
93:19:24Did he measure himself against
93:19:26billionaires
93:19:27or against students?
93:19:35He measured himself against a different
93:19:37circle.
93:19:40Billionaires.
93:19:43What is unusual? The hunger or what he
93:19:46did with it?
93:19:53The hunger is hardly unusual.
93:19:57What he did with it was
93:20:01>> That was amazing. Now, let's continue
93:20:04and enjoy the story.
93:20:06>> In 2008,
93:20:09at the height of the financial crisis,
93:20:12the Goldman board heard that a legendary
93:20:15investor would put billions into the
93:20:18bank.
93:20:29The news was not yet public.
93:20:33Once it was, the share price would
93:20:35almost certainly jump.
93:20:39Acting on it early was insider trading.
93:20:56Okay, questions time. Let's jump into
93:20:58it.
93:20:59>> Did a legendary investor plan to put
93:21:02billions into the bank?
93:21:10Yes,
93:21:12a legendary investor would put billions
93:21:15into the bank.
93:21:17Was the news public or not yet public?
93:21:25The news was not yet public.
93:21:30What was acting on it early?
93:21:34Acting
93:21:38on it early was insider trading.
93:21:44>> Now relax your voice and let's continue
93:21:46listening.
93:21:49>> Seconds after the call ended, he phoned
93:21:52a friend who ran a hedge fund.
93:21:55Within minutes, the hedge fund was
93:21:58buying Goldman shares.
93:22:11He placed no trade himself. His friend's
93:22:15fund did.
93:22:17The prize reportedly was a place among
93:22:22the billionaires.
93:22:36Okay, speaking time. Speak your mind.
93:22:39>> Did his friend run a hedge fund?
93:22:47>> Yes,
93:22:48he phoned a friend who ran a hedge fund.
93:22:52Did he place the trade himself or did
93:22:56his friends fund?
93:23:03He placed no trade himself. His friend's
93:23:07fund did.
93:23:10What was the prize reportedly?
93:23:19The prize reportedly was a place among
93:23:23the billionaires.
93:23:27>> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen.
93:23:31>> Phone records told the story.
93:23:35In 2012,
93:23:37a jury found him guilty of insider
93:23:41trading
93:23:43and he was sentenced to 2 years in
93:23:46prison.
93:23:50[clears throat]
93:23:58The advisor of the powerful lost his
93:24:00reputation,
93:24:02his board seats
93:24:05and respect earned over decades.
93:24:18>> Awesome. Quiz time. Let's jump into it.
93:24:22>> Was he found guilty of insider trading?
93:24:34Yes.
93:24:36A jury found him guilty of insider
93:24:40trading.
93:24:42Was he sentenced to 2 years
93:24:46or 20 years?
93:24:54He was sentenced to 2 years in prison.
93:24:58What did the advisor of the powerful
93:25:02lose?
93:25:09He lost his reputation,
93:25:12his board seats,
93:25:14and respect earned over decades.
93:25:18Here's
93:25:20on. Now let's come to the next part.
93:25:23>> Morgan Hel places this story in the
93:25:27psychology of money in a chapter about
93:25:30knowing when you have enough.
93:25:42His point is not that wanting more is
93:25:45wrong.
93:25:47It is about what you are willing to put
93:25:49on the table to get it.
93:26:02>> Awesome. Now it's speaking turn.
93:26:05>> Does Howold say wanting more is wrong?
93:26:16No,
93:26:18his point is not that wanting more is
93:26:21wrong.
93:26:24Is the chapter about getting rich or
93:26:27knowing when you have enough?
93:26:34It is about knowing when you have
93:26:37enough.
93:26:40What does his point ask you?
93:26:46what you are willing to put on the table
93:26:49to get it.
93:26:52>> Now, back to the story.
93:26:55>> Gupta already had freedom, respect, a
93:26:59family, and a name.
93:27:02He risked it all for a number he did not
93:27:05need.
93:27:17You might object that the safer lesson
93:27:19is to want less.
93:27:22I do not think so. That misses what went
93:27:26wrong.
93:27:37Let's hear you. Now it's your turn to
93:27:39speak.
93:27:40>> Did Gupta need that number?
93:27:49>> No.
93:27:51He risked it all for a number he did not
93:27:54need.
93:27:56Is the safer lesson to want less
93:28:01or does that miss what went wrong?
93:28:10I do not think so. That misses what went
93:28:14wrong.
93:28:16What did Gupta already have?
93:28:25Gupta already had freedom, respect, a
93:28:30family, and a name.
93:28:34Great job. Now, back to the story.
93:28:37>> His problem was not that he kept
93:28:39climbing.
93:28:41It was that he stopped asking which
93:28:44lines must never be crossed.
93:28:56Real ambition can be relentless,
93:28:59but it grows inside walls.
93:29:03your honesty, your health, your family,
93:29:07and people's trust in you.
93:29:21Now, the table's turn. I'm going to ask
93:29:24you questions. You're going to do the
93:29:26talking. Let's go.
93:29:28>> Can real ambition be relentless?
93:29:38Yes, real ambition can be relentless,
93:29:44but it grows inside walls.
93:29:48Was his problem climbing
93:29:52or not asking about the lines?
93:29:59It was that he stopped asking which
93:30:02lines must never be crossed.
93:30:06Where does real ambition grow?
93:30:15It grows inside walls.
93:30:18Your honesty, your health, your family,
93:30:22and people's trust in you.
93:30:26Okay, now listening mode.
93:30:29>> Never risk what you have and need for
93:30:33what you do not have and do not need.
93:30:38That rule keeps you standing.
93:30:52Your temptations will look smaller than
93:30:54his.
93:30:56A copied assignment, a faked
93:30:59certificate,
93:31:01a quiet lie on an application.
93:31:16That's amazing. Now you want to speak
93:31:18what you have read and listened.
93:31:21>> Will your temptations look smaller than
93:31:24his?
93:31:31>> Yes.
93:31:32Your temptations will look smaller than
93:31:36his.
93:31:38Is a copied assignment a temptation or a
93:31:42reward?
93:31:47A copied assignment is one of your
93:31:50temptations.
93:31:52Why does the rule say never to risk?
93:32:03Never risk what you have and need for
93:32:06what you do not have and do not need.
93:32:11And now the big finish.
93:32:15>> Each one promises a faster route to a
93:32:18finished assignment or a better job.
93:32:23Each asks you to put on the table
93:32:25something you cannot easily replace.
93:32:40So when that temptation comes, don't ask
93:32:45how much more you could gain.
93:32:49Ask what you would risk
93:32:52and whether you could buy it back.
93:33:07Last questions. Finish the story with
93:33:10the best answers possible.
93:33:13>> Does each temptation ask you to put
93:33:16something on the table?
93:33:24Yes.
93:33:26Each asks you to put on the table
93:33:28something you cannot easily replace.
93:33:33Should you ask what you could gain or
93:33:36what you would risk?
93:33:43Ask what you would risk and whether you
93:33:46could buy it back.
93:33:49What does each one promise?
93:33:59Each one promises a faster route to a
93:34:02finished assignment or a better job.
93:34:13The grammar we practice today, ellipses
93:34:17and substitution,
93:34:19he apparently did not.
93:34:23What he did with it was
93:34:27once it was the share price would almost
93:34:30certainly jump.
93:34:33He placed no trade himself. His friend's
93:34:37fund did.
93:34:45Congratulations.
93:34:47You practiced 516
93:34:50words in this story and you learned a
93:34:53lot.
93:34:55>> Amazing. So you have listened, you
93:34:57understood and you spoke.
93:35:06That's how we learn.
93:35:08Give and take.
93:35:30And now let's jump into the story, The
93:35:32Face in the Corner.
93:35:35>> The Face in the Corner from the book
93:35:38Give and Take by Adam Grant.
93:35:43Radiologist.
93:35:45Incidental.
93:35:48Compassion.
93:35:51Identical.
93:35:53Radiology.
93:35:55Finding
93:35:58resident.
93:36:00Meticulous.
93:36:02Second look.
93:36:05Precise.
93:36:09A small photograph.
93:36:12the kind you would glue into a passport,
93:36:15sits in the corner of a computer screen
93:36:18in a Jerusalem hospital.
93:36:31Beside it is a CT scan, a gray map of
93:36:35the inside of someone's body. One of
93:36:39dozens the radiologist on duty will read
93:36:42today.
93:36:55No one word answer. I don't want you to
93:36:57give me like ah small answers. I want
93:36:59you to give me full sentences aloud and
93:37:01when you're going to hear and listen to
93:37:03the sentence, repeat it yourself. Okay,
93:37:06let's go. Does the photograph sit in the
93:37:11corner of the screen?
93:37:20Yes.
93:37:21A small photograph sits in the corner of
93:37:25a computer screen.
93:37:28Will the radiologist read one scan or
93:37:32dozens today?
93:37:39The radiologist on duty will read dozens
93:37:43today.
93:37:45What is beside the photograph?
93:37:54Beside it is a CT scan, a gray map of
93:37:59the inside of someone's body.
93:38:03>> Great job. Now, back to the story.
93:38:06In radiology, doctors rarely meet the
93:38:09people they help.
93:38:12They study bones, organs, and shadows
93:38:15with meticulous care and write precise
93:38:19reports that other doctors act on.
93:38:33A radiology resident named Yhona Tan
93:38:36Turner began to wonder
93:38:39what that distance was doing to the
93:38:42quality of their work.
93:38:49Here's
93:38:55where you do the talking. Go ahead and
93:38:58talk and build me full sentences.
93:39:02In radiology,
93:39:04do doctors often meet the people they
93:39:06help?
93:39:14No.
93:39:15In radiology, doctors rarely meet the
93:39:19people they help.
93:39:21Do they study the body with careless or
93:39:25meticulous care?
93:39:32They study bones, organs, and shadows
93:39:36with meticulous care.
93:39:39Who began to wonder about that distance?
93:39:48A radiology resident named Yon Natan
93:39:52Turner began to wonder.
93:39:56>> Now back to the story.
93:39:58>> The resident's idea was simple.
93:40:02When patients came for a scan, a
93:40:05photograph of their face would be taken
93:40:07and attached to their file.
93:40:20Scan, photo, report.
93:40:23Scan, photo, report.
93:40:27For the 15 radiologists in his study, a
93:40:31face became part of the routine.
93:40:46Okay, speaking time. Speak your mind.
93:40:50>> Was the resident's idea simple?
93:40:56Yes, the resident's idea was simple.
93:41:01Was the photograph of the patient's face
93:41:05or of the scan?
93:41:12A photograph of their face was taken and
93:41:15attached to their file.
93:41:18How many radiologists were in his study?
93:41:26There were 15 radiologists in his study.
93:41:31>> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep
93:41:34moving. Afterwards, every one of them
93:41:38said they felt more empathy for their
93:41:41patients.
93:41:44Feelings, however, are easy to report
93:41:48and notoriously hard to measure.
93:42:03So Turner measured something harder.
93:42:07Months later, the radiologists gave some
93:42:10of the same scans a second look. This
93:42:14time without the photographs.
93:42:29No, the floor is yours. Let's go.
93:42:33>> Are feelings notoriously hard to
93:42:36measure?
93:42:43Yes,
93:42:46feelings are easy to report and
93:42:49notoriously hard to measure.
93:42:53Did they give the scans a second look
93:42:56with or without the photographs?
93:43:05They gave the scans a second look
93:43:08without the photographs.
93:43:11What did every radiologist say they
93:43:14felt?
93:43:22Every one of them said they felt more
93:43:25empathy for their patients.
93:43:29>> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the
93:43:32story.
93:43:33>> The images were absolutely
93:43:37identical.
93:43:39The only thing missing was the small
93:43:43face in the corner.
93:43:56With the photo on screen, the doctors
93:43:58had noted many incidental findings,
93:44:02problems nobody had asked them to look
93:44:04for.
93:44:14Speaking time. Try answering with words
93:44:18you just heard. Go ahead.
93:44:21>> Were the images absolutely
93:44:24identical?
93:44:31Yes,
93:44:33the images were absolutely
93:44:37identical.
93:44:39Were incidental findings problems they
93:44:42were asked to find or not?
93:44:50Incidental findings were problems nobody
93:44:53had asked them to look for.
93:44:56What was the only thing missing?
93:45:05>> The only thing missing was the small
93:45:08face in the corner.
93:45:12>> All right, let's see if you've guessed
93:45:14it right. Let's go to the next part of
93:45:15the story.
93:45:17>> Without the photograph, about 80% of
93:45:21those incidental findings were simply
93:45:24not reported. the second time.
93:45:37Read that number again.
93:45:40Four out of five discoveries
93:45:42disappeared,
93:45:44not because the doctors were careless,
93:45:47but because they no longer saw a person.
93:46:03All right, time to prove your focusing.
93:46:07Let's jump into it.
93:46:09>> Were most incidental findings simply not
93:46:13reported the second time?
93:46:22Yes.
93:46:23About 80% of those incidental findings
93:46:27were simply not reported.
93:46:30Were the doctors careless or did they no
93:46:34longer see a person?
93:46:40They no longer saw a person.
93:46:44How many discoveries out of five
93:46:47disappeared?
93:46:52Four out of five discoveries
93:46:55disappeared.
93:46:57>> Now relax your voice and let's continue
93:47:00listening.
93:47:02>> The identical scans had not become
93:47:05harder to read.
93:47:08What had changed was whether the doctor
93:47:11was reading for someone
93:47:13or simply reading.
93:47:26Adam Grant uses this study in give and
93:47:29take to show how people who help others
93:47:33protect their energy and their
93:47:36standards.
93:47:48Awesome. Now it's speaking turn.
93:47:51Were the identical scans harder to read?
93:48:02No,
93:48:04the identical scans had not become
93:48:06harder to read.
93:48:09Was the doctor reading for someone
93:48:13or simply reading?
93:48:22What had changed was whether the doctor
93:48:24was reading for someone
93:48:28or simply reading.
93:48:31Which book uses this radiology study?
93:48:40Adam Grant uses this study in give and
93:48:45take.
93:48:47>> Here's odd. Now let's come to the next
93:48:49part.
93:48:51>> Motivation he argues rises sharply
93:48:55when we can actually see the person our
93:48:58work will touch.
93:49:08A face turns a task into a relationship.
93:49:13A task can be rushed
93:49:16while a relationship quietly asks for
93:49:19our compassion and our best attention.
93:49:35Let's hear you. Now it's your turn to
93:49:36speak.
93:49:38>> Does motivation rise sharply when we see
93:49:42the person?
93:49:50Yes.
93:49:51Motivation rises sharply when we can
93:49:54actually see the person our work will
93:49:57touch.
93:49:59Does a relationship ask for compassion
93:50:03or for speed?
93:50:11A relationship quietly asks for our
93:50:14compassion and our best attention.
93:50:18What does a face turn a task into?
93:50:27A face turns a task into a relationship.
93:50:34>> Great answers. Let's see what happens
93:50:36now.
93:50:38>> Remember the face behind the task
93:50:42and the task itself begins to change
93:50:46shape.
93:50:55Most of us write in English for people
93:50:58we never see.
93:51:00Clients, managers, colleagues abroad.
93:51:15speaking time. I don't want you to
93:51:16overthink it. Just open your mouth and
93:51:19just talk whatever you remember from the
93:51:21story.
93:51:23>> Do most of us write for people we never
93:51:26see?
93:51:33Yes.
93:51:35Most of us write in English for people
93:51:38we never see.
93:51:40Do we write for clients or for
93:51:43ourselves?
93:51:50We write for clients, managers,
93:51:54colleagues abroad.
93:51:56What begins to change shape?
93:52:03The task itself begins to change shape.
93:52:09So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen.
93:52:13>> Too often, these feel like exercises
93:52:16written for nobody in particular.
93:52:19Checked quickly and sent without a
93:52:22second look.
93:52:32Try giving every important piece of
93:52:35writing a face and a little compassion.
93:52:40Before you begin, picture the exact
93:52:44person who will read it.
93:52:57>> Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to
93:52:59answer the questions?
93:53:01>> Are they sent without a second look?
93:53:10Yes, they are checked quickly and sent
93:53:14without a second look.
93:53:17Should you give your writing a face or
93:53:21keep it for nobody?
93:53:29Try giving every important piece of
93:53:32writing a face and a little compassion.
93:53:37Whom should you picture before you
93:53:39begin?
93:53:45Picture the exact person who will read
93:53:49it.
93:53:51>> Okay, now listening mode.
93:53:54Imagine her utterly exhausted at the end
93:53:57of a long day, or deeply confused by an
93:54:02unclear request,
93:54:04or quietly relieved by a clear one.
93:54:19You will probably become more meticulous
93:54:22about your grammar. Choose planer words
93:54:26and cut the sentence that only you
93:54:29understand.
93:54:41>> Okay, questions time. Let's jump into
93:54:44it.
93:54:45>> Is she utterly exhausted at the end of a
93:54:48long day?
93:54:56Yes.
93:54:58Imagine her utterly exhausted at the end
93:55:02of a long day.
93:55:04Is she deeply confused by a clear
93:55:07request or an unclear one?
93:55:15She is deeply confused by an unclear
93:55:19request.
93:55:21How will you treat your grammar?
93:55:28You will probably become more meticulous
93:55:31about your grammar.
93:55:34>> Now, this is the time for the ending of
93:55:36the story. And here's the important the
93:55:38most important part basically. Let's
93:55:40continue.
93:55:42>> The same works in speaking.
93:55:46Give your listener a face, an examiner
93:55:49or a future colleague, and your answers
93:55:53grow noticeably warmer and more precise.
93:56:09Keep a small photograph in the corner of
93:56:12your mind like the one on that hospital
93:56:15screen.
93:56:17Whoever reads your English deserves to
93:56:20be seen.
93:56:34Here's the last questions. I want you to
93:56:37give them everything you've got.
93:56:40>> Do your answers grow noticeably warmer?
93:56:50>> Yes. Your answers grow noticeably warmer
93:56:55and more precise.
93:56:58Do your answers grow more precise or
93:57:02more careless?
93:57:07Your answers grow warmer and more
93:57:11precise.
93:57:13Who deserves to be seen?
93:57:20Whoever reads your English deserves to
93:57:23be seen.
93:57:31The grammar we practice today
93:57:34intensifiers and collocations.
93:57:37Feelings, however, are easy to report
93:57:39and notoriously hard to measure.
93:57:44The images were absolutely identical.
93:57:49Imagine
93:57:51her utterly exhausted at the end of a
93:57:53long day or deeply confused by an
93:57:56unclear request or quietly relieved by a
93:57:59clear one.
93:58:02Give your listener a face, an examiner
93:58:05or a future colleague, and your answers
93:58:08grow noticeably warmer and more precise.
93:58:19Congratulations,
93:58:20you practiced 516 words in this story
93:58:24and you learned a lot.
93:58:28Okay.
93:58:37So, if you think about it, you're
93:58:39learning
93:58:41very [clears throat] key lessons that
93:58:44are going to improve your your your
93:58:46whole mindset.
93:58:47That's amazing.
93:59:03The seven habits of highly effective
93:59:06people.
93:59:39Let's jump into the story. The last
93:59:42freedom. The Last Freedom from the book
93:59:46The Seven Habits of Highly Effective
93:59:49People by Steven R. CVY.
93:59:53Manuscript.
93:59:56Liberate.
93:59:58Endure.
94:00:00Stimulus.
94:00:03Suffering.
94:00:05Concentration camp.
94:00:08Identity.
94:00:11Arrival.
94:00:13proactive
94:00:16circumstances.
94:00:19Everything can be taken from a man
94:00:23but one thing.
94:00:26A psychiatrist wrote those words after
94:00:29surviving what most of us cannot
94:00:31imagine.
94:00:44Victor Frankle was a Jewish doctor from
94:00:46Vienna.
94:00:48From 1942, he was held in a series of
94:00:52Nazi concentration camps.
94:01:06No one word answer. I don't want you to
94:01:08give me like ah small answers. I want
94:01:09you to give me full sentences aloud and
94:01:12when you're going to hear and listen to
94:01:14the sentence, repeat it yourself. Okay,
94:01:17let's go. Did a psychiatrist write those
94:01:22words?
94:01:29Yes,
94:01:31a psychiatrist wrote those words after
94:01:35surviving what most of us cannot
94:01:37imagine.
94:01:40Was Frankle a doctor from Vienna or from
94:01:44Paris?
94:01:49Victor Frankle was a Jewish doctor from
94:01:53Vienna.
94:01:54Where was he held from 1942?
94:02:02He was held in a series of Nazi
94:02:05concentration camps.
94:02:09>> Great answers. Let's see what happens
94:02:11now.
94:02:13>> His father died in the first camp. His
94:02:17mother, his brother,
94:02:20and his young wife did not survive the
94:02:24camps.
94:02:36The manuscript of his first book, sewn
94:02:39into his coat, was taken from him on
94:02:43arrival.
94:02:45He never saw that manuscript again.
94:03:00No pressure. Um, honestly, a little bit
94:03:03pressure. I want you to answer the
94:03:05questions in full sentences.
94:03:09>> Was the manuscript of his first book
94:03:12taken from him?
94:03:19Yes,
94:03:21it was taken from him on arrival.
94:03:25Was the manuscript sewn into his coat or
94:03:29hidden in a shoe?
94:03:36The manuscript of his first book was
94:03:39sewn into his coat.
94:03:43Did his family survive the camps?
94:03:53No.
94:03:55His mother, his brother, and his young
94:03:58wife did not survive the camps.
94:04:03>> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep
94:04:06moving.
94:04:08With that arrival, almost everything
94:04:10that makes up an identity was removed.
94:04:14His name became a number.
94:04:26Steven Cvy tells this early in the seven
94:04:29habits of highly effective people.
94:04:32Zooming in on one quiet moment.
94:04:46No, the floor is yours. Let's go.
94:04:50>> Was almost everything that makes up an
94:04:53identity removed.
94:05:02Yes.
94:05:04With that arrival, almost everything
94:05:07that makes up an identity was removed.
94:05:11Did his name stay or become a number?
94:05:19His name became a number.
94:05:23who tells this early in his book.
94:05:33Steven Cvy tells this early in the seven
94:05:37habits of highly effective people.
94:05:42>> Great job. Now, back to the story.
94:05:45>> As CVY tells it, Frankle was alone in a
94:05:48small bare room when he noticed
94:05:51something. His guards could not reach.
94:06:05They controlled where he slept, what he
94:06:08ate, and how hard he worked. They could
94:06:12not decide how he would respond.
94:06:25Okay, let's pause for a second. Now I'm
94:06:27going to ask you questions. Now it's
94:06:29over to you to answer them.
94:06:32>> Was Frankle alone in a small bare room?
94:06:43Yes,
94:06:45Frankle was alone in a small bare room.
94:06:50Could the guards decide his response or
94:06:55not?
94:07:01They could not decide how he would
94:07:04respond.
94:07:06What did the guards control?
94:07:15They controlled where he slept, what he
94:07:18ate,
94:07:20and how hard he worked.
94:07:24>> That was amazing. Now, let's continue
94:07:26and enjoy the story.
94:07:29>> Think for a moment how strange that is.
94:07:34The inside came exactly where freedom
94:07:38seemed to have vanished.
94:07:50Frankle later called it the last of the
94:07:54human freedoms.
94:07:57Choosing your attitude,
94:08:00whatever your circumstances.
94:08:14>> Okay, questions time. Let's jump into
94:08:17it.
94:08:18>> Did the insight come where freedom
94:08:21seemed to have vanished?
94:08:30Yes,
94:08:31the insight came exactly where freedom
94:08:35seemed to have vanished.
94:08:38[clears throat] Is it the first or the
94:08:40last of the human freedoms?
94:08:48Frankl called it the last of the human
94:08:51freedoms.
94:08:53What is it? Whatever your circumstances,
94:09:03it is choosing your attitude whatever
94:09:07your circumstances.
94:09:10>> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the
94:09:13story.
94:09:15>> He did not treat it as a slogan.
94:09:18He practiced it hour by hour in the
94:09:22small deliberate choices that helped him
94:09:25endure.
94:09:38When his spirits sank, he pictured
94:09:41himself after the war teaching students
94:09:44in a warm lecture hall. Awesome.
94:09:56Now it's speaking turn.
94:09:58>> Did small deliberate choices help him
94:10:02endure?
94:10:09Yes,
94:10:11the small deliberate choices helped him
94:10:15endure.
94:10:17Did he treat it as a slogan or practice
94:10:21it?
94:10:28He did not treat it as a slogan.
94:10:32He practiced it hour by hour.
94:10:35[clears throat]
94:10:37What did he picture when his spirits
94:10:40sank?
94:10:48He pictured himself after the war
94:10:51teaching students in a warm lecture
94:10:54hall.
94:10:56>> Good job. Let's continue the story.
94:11:00Prisoners who held on to a reason to
94:11:03live, a task, or a person waiting seemed
94:11:07better able to endure the suffering.
94:11:20He also remembered men who at their
94:11:23lowest walked through the huts
94:11:25comforting others and giving away their
94:11:29last bread.
94:11:41All right, time to prove your focusing.
94:11:44Let's simply do it.
94:11:46>> Were prisoners with a reason to live
94:11:49better able to endure the suffering?
94:11:59Yes,
94:12:01they seemed better able to endure the
94:12:05suffering.
94:12:07Did those men keep their last bread or
94:12:12give it away?
94:12:17They gave away
94:12:20their last bread.
94:12:23What did the men who were at their
94:12:25lowest do? [gasps]
94:12:31They walked through the huts comforting
94:12:35others.
94:12:37>> Nice one. Let's continue.
94:12:40The concentration camps were liberated
94:12:44in 1945.
94:12:47The following year, he wrote Man's
94:12:50Search for Meaning in just 9 days.
94:13:05Cave builds his first habit. Be
94:13:09proactive on that quiet moment in the
94:13:12bare room.
94:13:21>> Now test yourself.
94:13:24>> Were the concentration camps liberated
94:13:27in 1945?
94:13:36Yes. The concentration camps were
94:13:39liberated in 1945.
94:13:44Did he write his book in 9 days or 9
94:13:48years?
94:13:54He wrote man's search for meaning in
94:13:57just 9 days.
94:14:01Which habit does kvy build on that
94:14:04moment?
94:14:12Kavy builds his first habit. Be
94:14:15proactive on that quiet moment.
94:14:20>> See, English is already coming out of
94:14:23you. Now listen and let's continue.
94:14:26A popular saying about a space between
94:14:29stimulus and response is often credited
94:14:32to Franco, though it is probably not
94:14:36his.
94:14:47Honesty matters here.
94:14:50Choosing his response did not save his
94:14:53family and it does not make suffering
94:14:57acceptable.
94:15:11>> Great speaking time. Now let's jump into
94:15:15the speaking time.
94:15:17Is the saying about stimulus and
94:15:20response probably Frankle's?
94:15:29No. It is often credited to Frankle
94:15:33though it is probably not his.
94:15:36Did his choice save his family or not?
94:15:46Choosing his response
94:15:48did not save his family.
94:15:52Does choosing make suffering acceptable?
94:16:01No, it does not make suffering
94:16:05acceptable.
94:16:08>> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's
94:16:11keep it up and jump into the story.
94:16:15What it did was protect one part of his
94:16:18identity that no one could own even
94:16:21before he was liberated.
94:16:24From there his life was rebuilt.
94:16:39Our circumstances are nothing like his.
94:16:42Which is why his example helps.
94:16:46If he could choose there,
94:16:49we can choose here.
94:17:05Let's see what stayed in your mind.
94:17:08Let's go.
94:17:10Did it protect one part of his identity?
94:17:21Yes.
94:17:23It protected one part of his identity
94:17:26that no one could own.
94:17:30Was that part protected before or after
94:17:35he was liberated?
94:17:41It was protected even before he was
94:17:44liberated.
94:17:46Why does his example help if our
94:17:49circumstances are different?
94:17:56If he could choose there, we can choose
94:18:00here.
94:18:03>> All right, let's see if you've guessed
94:18:05it right. Let's go to the next part of
94:18:07the story.
94:18:10>> Between what happens and what you do,
94:18:14you choose.
94:18:18It sounds simple and it takes a lifetime
94:18:22to practice.
94:18:34A teacher corrects your English in front
94:18:37of the class.
94:18:39A test score comes back lower than you
94:18:42hoped.
94:18:52>> Okay, questions time.
94:18:55Does it take a lifetime to practice?
94:19:05Yes,
94:19:07it sounds simple and it takes a lifetime
94:19:11to practice.
94:19:13Does the test score come back higher or
94:19:17lower than you hoped?
94:19:23A test score comes back lower than you
94:19:26hoped.
94:19:28What happens between what happens and
94:19:32what you do
94:19:40between what happens and what you do?
94:19:43You choose.
94:19:47>> So smooth. Awesome. Now let's listen.
94:19:51A native speaker talks too fast and you
94:19:55freeze.
94:19:58Each is a small stimulus and each asks
94:20:02you a question.
94:20:16You can close the book for a week
94:20:19or you can be proactive.
94:20:23Ask for the correction again. Write it
94:20:26down and try once more.
94:20:41Let's hear you. Now it's your turn to
94:20:43speak.
94:20:45Is each of these a small stimulus?
94:20:55Yes.
94:20:57Each is a small stimulus
94:21:00and each asks you a question.
94:21:04Should you close the book or be
94:21:07proactive?
94:21:15You can be proactive.
94:21:19Ask for the correction again. Write it
94:21:21down and try once more.
94:21:25What happens when a native speaker talks
94:21:28too fast?
94:21:35A native speaker talks too fast and you
94:21:39freeze.
94:21:42>> Now this is the time for the ending of
94:21:44the story. And here's the important the
94:21:46most important part basically. Let's
94:21:48continue.
94:21:50>> No one can make that choice for you and
94:21:53no one can take it from you.
94:22:03One thing cannot be taken from you.
94:22:06Whatever happens,
94:22:09make sure that one thing is working for
94:22:12you today.
94:22:25Awesome. This is the final questions for
94:22:28this one. Go ahead. I don't want you to
94:22:30leave anything on the table. Try to
94:22:32answer every single question. Go ahead.
94:22:36>> Can anyone take that choice from you?
94:22:43>> No.
94:22:45No one can take it from you.
94:22:49Can one thing be taken from you or can
94:22:53it not?
94:22:58One thing cannot be taken from you.
94:23:01Whatever happens,
94:23:04what should that one thing be doing
94:23:06today?
94:23:12Make sure that one thing is working for
94:23:15you today.
94:23:24The grammar we practice today, complex
94:23:28noun phrases. The manuscript of his
94:23:31first book sewn into his coat was taken
94:23:34from him on arrival.
94:23:37With that arrival, almost everything
94:23:40that makes up an identity was removed.
94:23:42His name became a number.
94:23:47Frankle later called it the last of the
94:23:49human freedoms. Choosing your attitude
94:23:53whatever your circumstances.
94:23:57He practiced it hour by hour in the
94:24:00small deliberate choices that helped him
94:24:04endure.
94:24:12Congratulations.
94:24:13You practiced 518
94:24:16words in this story and you learned a
94:24:18lot.
94:24:21>> Awesome. A full story in English.
94:24:30That's a huge huge achievement.
94:24:37Great job. Before we continue,
94:24:40a real student just like you. Uh,
94:24:52was able to get get amazing results.
94:25:08form.
94:25:56social media.
94:26:04forchech.
94:26:18[clears throat]
94:27:07Shakespare.
94:27:23Alhamdulillah. Foreign
94:28:11Alhamdulillah. Uh,
94:28:39alhamdulillah.
94:28:57Alhamdulillah
94:29:10for
94:29:34step.
94:29:58But anyways,
94:30:02outliers
94:30:15Let's jump into the story. Born in
94:30:18January.
94:30:20>> Born in January from the book Outliers
94:30:23by Malcolm Gladwell.
94:30:26>> Firmly
94:30:28cut off.
94:30:31Firmly,
94:30:33firmly,
94:30:36firmly,
94:30:38firmly,
94:30:41firmly,
94:30:43firmly,
94:30:46firmly,
94:30:48firmly.
94:30:51At nine,
94:30:54the difference between two boys is
94:30:56almost invisible.
94:30:59At 13, it looks like talent.
94:31:04At 17,
94:31:06it looks like destiny.
94:31:20The man who noticed how this happens was
94:31:23a Canadian psychologist, Roger Barnsley.
94:31:27and he noticed it at a hockey game.
94:31:34[cheering]
94:31:41That's amazing. I want you to listen to
94:31:45the questions and answer in sentences.
94:31:48Build full sentences, not just words.
94:31:51Okay, let's go.
94:31:53At nine, is the difference between two
94:31:57boys almost invisible?
94:32:07Yes.
94:32:09At nine, the difference between two boys
94:32:14is almost invisible.
94:32:18At 17, does it look like talent
94:32:22or like destiny?
94:32:28At 17,
94:32:30it looks like destiny.
94:32:34Where did Roger Barnsley notice this?
94:32:41He noticed it at a hockey game.
94:32:46[clears throat]
94:32:46So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen.
94:32:51>> He was sitting with his wife in an arena
94:32:53in Alberta, watching a strong junior
94:32:56team, the Lethbridge Broncos.
94:33:08She was reading the printed program,
94:33:11which listed each player's birth date.
94:33:14when she asked him if he knew when these
94:33:17young men were born.
94:33:29>> Let's see what stayed in her mind. Let's
94:33:33go.
94:33:35>> Was Barnsley sitting alone in the arena?
94:33:45No,
94:33:47he was sitting with his wife in an arena
94:33:51in Alberta.
94:33:53Was his wife reading the program or
94:33:57watching the game?
94:34:02She was reading the printed program.
94:34:07What did the program list?
94:34:14It listed each player's birth date.
94:34:20>> Now, back to the story.
94:34:23>> He looked
94:34:25a striking number of the players were
94:34:27born in January, February, and March.
94:34:33Hardly any were born late in the year
94:34:48at home. He checked other teams, then
94:34:51the best young players in the country.
94:34:55The pattern held almost everywhere.
94:35:11A quick check before we move on. I want
94:35:13you to answer these questions.
94:35:17>> Were a striking number of the players
94:35:19born early in the year?
94:35:28Yes. A striking number were born in
94:35:32January, February, and March.
94:35:36Were many players,
94:35:38or hardly any, born late in the year?
94:35:47Hardly any were born late in the year.
94:35:52What did he check at home?
94:36:00He checked other teams then the best
94:36:04young players in the country.
94:36:08>> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's
94:36:11keep it up and jump into the story.
94:36:14>> Among elite players, the split was
94:36:18striking.
94:36:20Roughly 40% were born in the year's
94:36:24first quarter and about 10% in its last.
94:36:39Read those numbers again.
94:36:44The players seem to have been chosen by
94:36:46the calendar almost as firmly as by the
94:36:50coaches.
94:37:03Spotlight now is on you. I want you to
94:37:05answer the questions by actually
94:37:09talking. Let's go. Were roughly 40% of
94:37:13elite players born in the first quarter?
94:37:25Yes.
94:37:27Roughly 40% were born in the year's
94:37:30first quarter.
94:37:33Was the split among elite players
94:37:36striking
94:37:38or ordinary?
94:37:44The split was striking.
94:37:48What do the numbers suggest about the
94:37:51players?
94:37:59The players seem to have been chosen by
94:38:01the calendar
94:38:03almost as firmly as by the coaches.
94:38:08Good job. Let's continue the story.
94:38:13>> The explanation turned out to be almost
94:38:16boring.
94:38:18Canadian youth hockey groups players by
94:38:21birth year. So January is the cutoff.
94:38:37Imagine two boys, one born just after
94:38:41the cutoff, one just before it.
94:38:45They share an age group, yet one is
94:38:49almost a year older.
94:39:04here is where you do the talking. Go
94:39:07ahead and talk and build me full
94:39:09sentences.
94:39:11>> Is December the cutoff in Canadian youth
94:39:15hockey?
94:39:20No,
94:39:22January is the cutoff.
94:39:25Does youth hockey group players by birth
94:39:29year
94:39:30or by height?
94:39:36It groups players by birth year.
94:39:40How much older can one boy be in the
94:39:44same age group?
94:39:50One is almost a year older.
94:39:56See, English is already coming out of
94:39:58you. Now listen and let's continue.
94:40:02>> At nine, a year is enormous.
94:40:07The older boy is a little taller, a
94:40:10little stronger, and a little better
94:40:13coordinated.
94:40:25Every boy wants to be chosen for the
94:40:28Allstar team.
94:40:32Coaches ignore birthdays. They see the
94:40:36boy who skates faster and looks more
94:40:39coordinated.
94:40:52Great speaking time. Now, let's jump
94:40:55into the speaking time.
94:40:58>> Does every boy want to be chosen for the
94:41:01Allstar team?
94:41:09Yes. Every boy wants to be chosen for
94:41:13the allstar team.
94:41:16Is the older boy better coordinated
94:41:21or worse coordinated?
94:41:28The older boy is a little better
94:41:32coordinated.
94:41:34What do the coaches see?
94:41:42They see the boy who skates faster and
94:41:46looks more coordinated.
94:41:50>> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep
94:41:53moving.
94:41:55>> Now the advantage starts to compound.
94:42:00The chosen boy, firmly inside the
94:42:03system, gets better coaching, stronger
94:42:07teammates, and far more games each
94:42:11season.
94:42:23By 13, all that extra practice has made
94:42:27him genuinely better.
94:42:30The gap is no longer size. It is real
94:42:34skill.
94:42:47Now it's yours. Go ahead and talk loudly
94:42:51as much as you can.
94:42:54>> Does the advantage
94:42:56start to compound?
94:43:03>> Yes.
94:43:05Now the advantage starts to compound.
94:43:10Is the chosen boy firmly inside the
94:43:14system or outside it?
94:43:22The chosen boy is firmly inside the
94:43:26system.
94:43:28What has made him genuinely better by
94:43:3213?
94:43:39All that extra practice has made him
94:43:43genuinely better.
94:43:46>> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the
94:43:49story.
94:43:50>> The December boy, meanwhile, ends up
94:43:54being left out at nine,
94:43:57not for lack of talent, but for lack of
94:44:00months.
94:44:12Researchers call this a cumulative
94:44:15advantage.
94:44:17A small early edge earns more
94:44:20opportunities which compound into a
94:44:23bigger edge.
94:44:37No pressure. Um, honestly, a little bit
94:44:40pressure. I want you to answer the
94:44:42questions in full sentences.
94:44:46Is the December boy left out for lack of
94:44:50talent?
94:44:57No.
94:44:59He ends up being left out for lack of
94:45:02months,
94:45:03not for lack of talent.
94:45:06Does the December boy end up being
94:45:09chosen
94:45:11or being left out?
94:45:18He ends up being left out at 9.
94:45:23What do researchers call this?
94:45:31They call it accumulative advantage.
94:45:36Here's on. Now let's come to the next
94:45:38part.
94:45:40>> The pattern has since been found in
94:45:42other sports. in school results
94:45:46and even in university places though its
94:45:49size varies.
94:46:01It would be easy to hear this as bad
94:46:04news.
94:46:06Born in the wrong month or started
94:46:09English late, your game might have been
94:46:12decided early.
94:46:26>> Okay, speaking time. Speak your mind.
94:46:30>> Has the pattern been found only in
94:46:33hockey?
94:46:41No,
94:46:42it has been found in other sports in
94:46:45school results and in university places.
94:46:50Does the size of the effect vary or is
94:46:54it always the same?
94:46:58Its size varies.
94:47:02What might have been decided early?
94:47:10Your game might have been decided early.
94:47:15>> Okay, now listening mode.
94:47:18>> Look closer.
94:47:21The birthday itself was never destiny.
94:47:26What genuinely did the work was the
94:47:29extra practice that followed it.
94:47:42small early advantages grow through
94:47:45extra practice
94:47:47because that growth is accumulative.
94:47:50They can also be built on purpose at any
94:47:54age.
94:48:07Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to
94:48:09answer the questions?
94:48:11>> Was the birthday itself
94:48:14destiny?
94:48:21>> No. The birthday itself was never
94:48:25destiny.
94:48:27Did the birthday
94:48:29or the extra practice genuinely do the
94:48:33work?
94:48:38The extra practice
94:48:41genuinely did the work.
94:48:44Why can early advantages be built on
94:48:48purpose?
94:48:55Because that growth is accumulative,
94:48:58they can be built on purpose.
94:49:03>> Great answers. Let's see what happens
94:49:05now.
94:49:07>> Nobody selects adult learners for an
94:49:09elite team.
94:49:12Instead of waiting to be selected,
94:49:15select yourself and give yourself the
94:49:18coaching the lucky ones received.
94:49:32A little listening every day looks tiny.
94:49:36Over a year, the minutes compound into a
94:49:40mountain of hours someone else never
94:49:43practiced.
94:49:56Okay, questions time. Let's jump into
94:49:59it.
94:50:01Should you wait to be selected?
94:50:09No. Instead of waiting to be selected,
94:50:13select yourself.
94:50:15Does anyone select adult learners for an
94:50:19elite team? Or nobody?
94:50:26Nobody selects adult learners for an
94:50:29elite team.
94:50:32What do the minutes compound into over a
94:50:35year?
94:50:40They compound into a mountain of hours.
94:50:45And now the big finish.
94:50:50>> Nine months of it and you are no longer
94:50:53the December boy.
94:51:00Starting points vary, so stop checking
94:51:04when you started.
94:51:06Your birthday was decided for you. Your
94:51:10practice hours never were.
94:51:25>> One final question. Brown, you've done
94:51:27the whole thing. Now, let's do the final
94:51:29one.
94:51:30>> Do starting points vary?
94:51:37Yes. Standard points vary.
94:51:41Was your birthday decided for you or
94:51:45your practice hours?
94:51:54Your birthday was decided for you. Your
94:51:58practice hours never were.
94:52:02What should you stop checking?
94:52:08Stop checking when you started.
94:52:18The grammar we practiced today. Advanced
94:52:21passives. The players seem to have been
94:52:24chosen by the calendar almost as firmly
94:52:27as by the coaches.
94:52:30Every boy wants to be chosen for the
94:52:33Allstar team.
94:52:37The December boy, meanwhile, ends up
94:52:39being left out at 9. Not for lack of
94:52:41talent, but for lack of months.
94:52:47Born in the wrong month or started
94:52:49English late, your game might have been
94:52:51decided early.
94:53:00Congratulations.
94:53:01You practiced 518 words in this story
94:53:06and you learned a lot.
94:53:09>> That's awesome.
94:53:16Congratulations
94:53:18and let's keep going.
94:53:21The Airbnb story.
94:53:24Airbnb
94:53:26startups.
94:53:37What? What happened to them? Billions.
94:53:44Let's get into the story. The best
94:53:47source.
94:53:48The best source from the book The Airbnb
94:53:53Story by Lee Gallagher.
94:53:56Mattress,
94:53:59academic,
94:54:01boutique,
94:54:03inexperienced,
94:54:06unforgettable,
94:54:09hospitality,
94:54:12veteran,
94:54:14realistically
94:54:17specialize,
94:54:19seek.
94:54:22In his late 20s, Brian Chesy had a
94:54:26problem only success could create.
94:54:31His company was growing faster than he
94:54:34was.
94:54:46He had trained as a designer, not a
94:54:48businessman.
94:54:50with two friends. He had turned the
94:54:53floor of their apartment and some air
94:54:55mattresses into Airbnb.
94:55:11No one word answer. I don't want you to
94:55:13give me like ah small answers. I want
94:55:15you to give me full sentences aloud. And
94:55:17when you're going to hear and listen to
94:55:19the sentence, repeat it yourself. Okay,
94:55:23let's go.
94:55:24>> Was Chesky's company growing faster than
94:55:28he was?
94:55:35>> Yes,
94:55:37his company was growing faster than he
94:55:40was.
94:55:42Had he trained as a designer
94:55:45or as a businessman?
94:55:53He had trained as a designer, not a
94:55:56businessman.
94:55:59What did the friends turn into Airbnb?
94:56:10They turned the floor of their apartment
94:56:13and some air mattresses into Airbnb.
94:56:19>> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen.
94:56:23>> Now, the company had hundreds of
94:56:25employees, soon thousands,
94:56:29and he was its chief executive.
94:56:33As a manager, he was completely
94:56:36inexperienced.
94:56:48That mattered.
94:56:51A company rarely grows beyond the person
94:56:54leading it, and investors were watching
94:56:57to see whether he could keep up.
94:57:10Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and
94:57:12speak.
94:57:14>> Was he an experienced manager?
94:57:23No.
94:57:25As a manager, he was completely
94:57:28inexperienced.
94:57:30Did the company have hundreds of
94:57:33employees or only a few?
94:57:41The company had hundreds of employees,
94:57:44soon thousands.
94:57:47What were the investors watching to see?
94:57:55They were watching to see whether he
94:57:58could keep up.
94:58:00Now relax your voice and let's continue
94:58:03listening.
94:58:05>> What would you do in his place at that
94:58:08age?
94:58:10>> Be honest with yourself.
94:58:21Most people would pick a familiar
94:58:23answer.
94:58:25Hire an experienced manager to run
94:58:27things and step aside.
94:58:40>> Awesome. Now it's speaking turn.
94:58:43>> Would most people pick a familiar
94:58:46answer?
94:58:53Yes,
94:58:55most people would pick a familiar
94:58:57answer.
94:58:59Would they hire an experienced manager
94:59:04or learn the job themselves?
94:59:14They would hire an experienced manager
94:59:17to run things and step aside.
94:59:21What does the story ask you to be?
94:59:29It asks you to be honest with yourself.
94:59:35>> Great job. Now, back to the story.
94:59:39>> Some would hide the problem, acting
94:59:42confident in meetings
94:59:44while panicking at night.
94:59:48Others would ask whoever was nearby.
95:00:02Chesy did something stranger.
95:00:07For every skill he lacked, he looked for
95:00:10the best person to learn from.
95:00:14Someone who specialized in exactly that
95:00:17skill.
95:00:30>> Let's turn those ears into voice.
95:00:34Did Chesky ask whoever was nearby?
95:00:45No.
95:00:47He looked for the best person to learn
95:00:50from.
95:00:52Did he want the best person to learn
95:00:55from or the easiest?
95:01:02He wanted the best person to learn from.
95:01:08Who was the best person to learn from
95:01:11for each skill?
95:01:19Someone who specialized
95:01:22in exactly that skill.
95:01:26>> Here's on. Now let's come to the next
95:01:28part.
95:01:30>> Not a good source. The best source,
95:01:36the very best, he reasoned, had usually
95:01:39thought more clearly about their subject
95:01:41than anyone else.
95:01:53So he approached people most founders
95:01:56would never dare to contact.
95:01:59for business and long-term thinking. He
95:02:03sought out Warren Buffett.
95:02:18>> Now test yourself.
95:02:20>> Was a good source enough for Chesy?
95:02:30No, not a good source. The best source.
95:02:36Did he seek out Warren Buffett for
95:02:39design
95:02:41or for business?
95:02:49He sought out Warren Buffett for
95:02:52business and long-term thinking.
95:02:56Why did he want the very best?
95:03:05The very best had usually thought more
95:03:08clearly about their subject than anyone
95:03:12else.
95:03:15>> Now stories calling us. Let's continue.
95:03:19for design. He learned from Johnny Iive,
95:03:23the designer behind many of Apple's most
95:03:25famous products.
95:03:34To understand how to create an
95:03:36unforgettable experience for guests, he
95:03:40turned to a veteran boutique hotel
95:03:43founder who later joined Airbnb to lead
95:03:48hospitality.
95:04:01Let's hear you. Now it's your turn to
95:04:03speak.
95:04:04Did he learn design from Johnny IV?
95:04:15Yes.
95:04:17For design he learned from Johnny IV.
95:04:22Did he turn to a veteran boutique hotel
95:04:25founder or a young banker?
95:04:33He turned to a veteran boutique hotel
95:04:36founder.
95:04:38What did he want to create for guests?
95:04:48He wanted to create an unforgettable
95:04:50experience
95:04:52for guests.
95:04:55>> All right, let's see if you've guessed
95:04:57it right. Let's go to the next part of
95:04:59the story.
95:05:00He was not collecting famous names or
95:05:04unforgettable conversations
95:05:09with the hospitality veteran. As with
95:05:12the others, he brought specific
95:05:14questions and tested the ideas inside
95:05:18his company.
95:05:30Many of these busy people, the boutique
95:05:33hotelier included, agreed to help,
95:05:36perhaps because specific questions are
95:05:39harder to refuse than vague requests.
95:05:55Okay, questions time. Let's jump into
95:05:57it.
95:05:58>> Was he collecting famous names?
95:06:09No,
95:06:10he was not collecting famous names or
95:06:14unforgettable conversations.
95:06:17Did he bring the hospitality veteran
95:06:21general requests or specific questions?
95:06:28He brought specific questions.
95:06:33Who agreed to help among these busy
95:06:36people?
95:06:41Many of them agreed to help. the
95:06:44boutique hotelier included.
95:06:48>> Okay, now listening mode.
95:06:52>> Over the years, the inexperienced
95:06:54designer who once rented out air
95:06:56mattresses became a leader who steered
95:07:00the company through serious crisis.
95:07:15The principle behind his strange request
95:07:17is simple to say and hard to practice.
95:07:22Go to the best source for each skill you
95:07:25lack.
95:07:39speaking time. I don't want you to
95:07:40overthink it. Just open your mouth and
95:07:43just talk whatever you remember from the
95:07:45story.
95:07:47>> Did the inexperienced designer become a
95:07:50leader?
95:07:58Yes, he became a leader who steered the
95:08:02company through serious crisis. Had he
95:08:06once rented out air mattresses or hotel
95:08:10rooms?
95:08:16He had once rented out air mattresses.
95:08:20What is the principle behind his strange
95:08:24request?
95:08:30Go to the best source for each skill you
95:08:34lack.
95:08:37>> That was amazing. Now, let's continue
95:08:39and enjoy the story.
95:08:42>> Most learners fall into that last habit.
95:08:46They ask the first person to walk past
95:08:50whether or not that person truly knows.
95:09:05A cousin who once lived abroad becomes
95:09:08your pronunciation coach.
95:09:11A random video becomes your academic
95:09:14writing teacher.
95:09:27Okay, questions time.
95:09:31Do most learners ask the first person to
95:09:34walk [sighs] past?
95:09:42Yes. They ask the first person to walk
95:09:47past.
95:09:49Does the cousin become your
95:09:51pronunciation coach or your writing
95:09:55teacher?
95:10:02The cousin becomes your pronunciation
95:10:06coach.
95:10:08What becomes your academic writing
95:10:11teacher?
95:10:16A random video becomes your academic
95:10:19writing teacher.
95:10:22>> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the
95:10:24story.
95:10:26>> None of these people mean any harm.
95:10:30They are simply not the best source for
95:10:34your skill.
95:10:43The best person to ask is often closer
95:10:47than his were.
95:10:52An official exam guide or a teacher who
95:10:56specializes in exactly your weakness.
95:11:12Every sentence,
95:11:13speak it out loud. Okay, let's go.
95:11:17>> Do these people mean any harm?
95:11:25No.
95:11:26None of these people mean any harm.
95:11:30Is the best person to ask often closer
95:11:35or often further away?
95:11:43The best person to ask is often closer
95:11:47than his were.
95:11:50Which teacher could be the best person
95:11:52to ask?
95:11:59A teacher who specializes
95:12:02in exactly your weakness.
95:12:07>> Great answers. Let's see what happens
95:12:10now.
95:12:11>> Realistically, it might also be someone
95:12:14a few steps ahead who has already solved
95:12:17the exact problem you face.
95:12:30Try this rule for one week.
95:12:33You write down the one skill holding you
95:12:36back most. Perhaps speaking or academic
95:12:40writing.
95:12:52Awesome. Quiz time. Let's jump into it.
95:12:56>> Realistically,
95:12:57could your best source be someone a few
95:13:00steps ahead?
95:13:08Yes. Realistically, it might be someone
95:13:12a few steps ahead.
95:13:15Do you try the rule for one week or for
95:13:19one year?
95:13:24You try this rule for one week.
95:13:29What do you write down first?
95:13:39You write down the one skill holding you
95:13:43back most.
95:13:46Perhaps speaking or academic writing.
95:13:51Now this is the last part. Let's bring
95:13:53it home.
95:13:55>> Next to it, you write the best source
95:13:58you can realistically reach, which is
95:14:02rarely the easiest person to ask.
95:14:15Then you seek out that source with one
95:14:18precise question and you listen like a
95:14:22young chief executive sitting across
95:14:24from Warren Buffett.
95:14:38Last questions. Finish the story with
95:14:42the best answers possible.
95:14:45Is the best source usually the easiest
95:14:50person to ask?
95:14:58No, it is rarely the easiest person to
95:15:03ask.
95:15:05Do you seek out that source with one
95:15:08precise question
95:15:11or many vague ones?
95:15:20You seek out that source
95:15:23with one precise question.
95:15:27Which source do you write next to your
95:15:30skill?
95:15:37You write the best source you can
95:15:40realistically reach.
95:15:50The grammar we practice today infinitive
95:15:54after superlatives and ordinals.
95:15:57For every skill he lacked, he looked for
95:16:00the best person to learn from, someone
95:16:02who specialized in exactly that skill.
95:16:08They ask the first person to walk past
95:16:10whether or not that person truly knows.
95:16:16The best person to ask is often closer
95:16:19than his were, an official exam guide or
95:16:22a teacher who specializes in exactly
95:16:25your weakness.
95:16:29Next to it, you write the best source
95:16:31you can realistically reach, which is
95:16:34rarely the easiest person to ask.
95:16:43Congratulations.
95:16:45You practiced 513 words in this story
95:16:49and you learned a lot.
95:16:53>> Well done.
95:16:54And here's the thing.
95:16:58You are constantly learning something
95:17:00new. You're learning how to think in an
95:17:03ambitious way.
95:17:15And that's amazing.
95:17:18Deep work.
95:17:24Deep work.
95:17:27for
95:17:40yummy
95:17:47video.
95:18:12Let's jump into the story which is going
95:18:14to be the day off.
95:18:17The day off from the book Deep Work by
95:18:22Cal Newport.
95:18:24Burnout,
95:18:27enthusiastic,
95:18:30responsiveness,
95:18:33prestigious,
95:18:35remedy,
95:18:37irresponsible,
95:18:40reachable,
95:18:42efficiently
95:18:45squeeze.
95:18:48offline.
95:18:51Picture a typical consultant at an elite
95:18:54firm.
95:18:56His phone buzzes late at night and he
95:18:59answers, though he wishes it would stay
95:19:02silent.
95:19:14That was the culture Harvard professor
95:19:16Leslie Plo found when she studied
95:19:20consultants at the Boston Consulting
95:19:22Group, a prestigious firm.
95:19:36Now, we're going to hear a question. I
95:19:38want you to answer it loudly in full
95:19:43sentences. Okay, let's go.
95:19:46>> Does the consultant wish his phone would
95:19:50stay silent?
95:19:58Yes,
95:20:00he answers though he wishes it would
95:20:03stay silent.
95:20:06Does his phone buzz late at night
95:20:10or early in the morning?
95:20:16His phone buzzes late at night.
95:20:21Where did Leslie Pearlo study
95:20:24consultants?
95:20:33She studied consultants at the Boston
95:20:36Consulting Group, a prestigious firm.
95:20:42>> Now relax your voice and let's continue
95:20:45listening.
95:20:46>> They were brilliant, well- paid
95:20:49and exhausted,
95:20:51reachable almost every hour, and [sighs]
95:20:54many were quietly planning to leave.
95:21:08Nobody had designed this.
95:21:11It grew from a cycle.
95:21:13The more available people were, the more
95:21:17requests arrived.
95:21:30Did that make sense? Now, let's check.
95:21:33Were the consultants reachable almost
95:21:37every hour?
95:21:43Yes, they were reachable almost every
95:21:47hour.
95:21:49Had somebody designed this culture or
95:21:53had nobody designed it?
95:21:59Nobody had designed this.
95:22:02What happened when people were more
95:22:05available?
95:22:12The more available people were, the more
95:22:16requests arrived.
95:22:20Good job. Let's continue the story.
95:22:23>> And more requests made everyone feel
95:22:26they had to be even more available
95:22:30until switching off felt like betrayal.
95:22:44The usual remedies were familiar.
95:22:48Hire more people, promise clients less,
95:22:52or accept burnout as the price of a
95:22:55prestigious career.
95:23:09Okay, voice is up. Now, here comes the
95:23:12questions.
95:23:14>> Did switching off feel like a reward?
95:23:22No,
95:23:24switching off felt like betrayal.
95:23:28Was burnout accepted as the price of a
95:23:32prestigious career or refused.
95:23:41Burnout was accepted as the price of a
95:23:45prestigious career.
95:23:48What were the usual remedies?
95:23:57Hire more people, promise clients less,
95:24:01or accept burnout.
95:24:06>> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the
95:24:08story.
95:24:10What would you do with a team of
95:24:12talented people who could no longer
95:24:15switch off?
95:24:22Plo proposed something that sounded
95:24:25irresponsible.
95:24:27One small team would give each
95:24:30consultant a predictable day fully
95:24:33offline every week.
95:24:47Speaking time. Try answering with words
95:24:51you just heard. Go ahead.
95:24:54>> Did Plo's idea sound irresponsible?
95:25:06>> Yes.
95:25:08Plo proposed something [laughter] that
95:25:10sounded irresponsible.
95:25:13Was the day fully offline
95:25:17or only a little quieter?
95:25:23The day was fully offline.
95:25:27How often did each consultant get this
95:25:30day?
95:25:37Each consultant got a predictable day
95:25:40fully offline
95:25:43every week.
95:25:46>> Now, back to the story.
95:25:49>> Not a day of lighter work,
95:25:53a day with no email, no calls, and no
95:25:57quick checks. planned ahead and
95:26:00protected by the whole team.
95:26:14The partner leading the team was by her
95:26:17account far from enthusiastic.
95:26:21Clients paid for responsiveness.
95:26:26Here's
95:26:35where you do the talking. Go ahead and
95:26:38talk and build me full sentences.
95:26:41>> Was the partner enthusiastic about the
95:26:45idea?
95:26:53No.
95:26:55By her account, the partner was far from
95:26:58enthusiastic.
95:27:00Was it a day of lighter work or a day
95:27:05with no email at all?
95:27:13It was a day with no email, no calls,
95:27:17and no quick checks.
95:27:21What did clients pay for?
95:27:28Clients paid for responsiveness.
95:27:33>> All right, let's see if you've guessed
95:27:35it right. Let's go to the next part of
95:27:37the story.
95:27:39>> To make it work, the team had to discuss
95:27:42schedules openly, cover for one another,
95:27:46and share what had lived in individual
95:27:49heads.
95:27:51Those
95:28:01conversations were the hidden engine.
95:28:05The protected day forced the team to
95:28:09plan together.
95:28:21>> Okay, questions time. Let's jump into
95:28:24it.
95:28:25>> Did the team discuss schedules openly?
95:28:34Yes, the team had to discuss schedules
95:28:38openly.
95:28:40Did the protected day force the team to
95:28:42plan together
95:28:45or apart?
95:28:51The protected day forced the team to
95:28:54plan together.
95:28:57What was the hidden engine?
95:29:04Those conversations were the hidden
95:29:06engine.
95:29:09So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen.
95:29:13>> The results surprised almost everyone.
95:29:19Team members reported being more
95:29:21enthusiastic about their work and more
95:29:24satisfied with their jobs.
95:29:38More of them imagined a long career at
95:29:41the firm and clients were served no
95:29:44worse in several ways better.
95:29:58>> Awesome. Now it's speaking turn.
95:30:02>> Did the results surprise almost
95:30:04everyone?
95:30:13Yes,
95:30:15the results surprised almost everyone.
95:30:20Were team members more enthusiastic
95:30:24or less enthusiastic about their work?
95:30:32They were more enthusiastic about their
95:30:36work.
95:30:38How were the clients served?
95:30:47Clients were served no worse, in several
95:30:51ways better.
95:30:54>> Nice one. Let's continue.
95:30:57They also communicated more and worked
95:31:00more efficiently while spending fewer
95:31:03hours connected.
95:31:12The firm noticed and the idea spread.
95:31:18Within about 4 years, more than 900
95:31:21teams in 30 countries had tried it.
95:31:25Awesome.
95:31:37Quiz time. Let's jump into it.
95:31:40>> Did the team work more efficiently?
95:31:49Yes.
95:31:51They communicated more and worked more
95:31:54efficiently.
95:31:57Did they spend more hours or fewer hours
95:32:01connected?
95:32:06They spent fewer hours connected.
95:32:10How many teams had tried it within about
95:32:134 years?
95:32:21More than 900 teams in 30 countries had
95:32:26tried it.
95:32:28>> Now stories calling us. Let's continue.
95:32:32>> Eventually, the remedy became part of
95:32:35how the company ran its teams under the
95:32:38name predictable time off.
95:32:51Why would rest make a team better?
95:32:57Partly because rested people think
95:33:00clearly and clear thinking, not instant
95:33:03responsiveness, was what clients bought.
95:33:19speaking time. I don't want you to
95:33:21overthink it. Just open your mouth and
95:33:24just talk whatever you remember from the
95:33:26story.
95:33:28>> Did the remedy become part of how the
95:33:30company ran its teams?
95:33:39>> Yes.
95:33:40Eventually, the remedy became part of
95:33:43how the company ran its teams.
95:33:47Did clients buy clear thinking or
95:33:51instant responsiveness?
95:34:00Clear thinking, not instant
95:34:03responsiveness, was what clients bought.
95:34:08What was the new name of the idea?
95:34:15It was called predictable time off.
95:34:21>> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's
95:34:24keep it up and jump into the story.
95:34:27Partly too because a protected day
95:34:31forces a team to stop relying on panic
95:34:34and start planning efficiently.
95:34:47Planned time off makes a team better.
95:34:52It is not irresponsible.
95:34:55It rewards the discipline of deciding in
95:34:58advance what matters.
95:35:12Now the table's turn. I'm going to ask
95:35:15you questions. You're going to do the
95:35:17talking. Let's go.
95:35:19>> Is planned time off irresponsible?
95:35:27No, it is not irresponsible.
95:35:32Does a protected day make a team rely on
95:35:36panic
95:35:38or on planning?
95:35:46It makes a team stop relying on panic
95:35:50and start planning efficiently.
95:35:54What does plan time off reward?
95:36:04It rewards the discipline of deciding in
95:36:08advance what matters.
95:36:12See, English is already coming out of
95:36:15you. Now listen and let's continue.
95:36:18>> Most of us live inside a smaller version
95:36:21of that cycle.
95:36:24We wish the messages would stop, yet we
95:36:28answer instantly.
95:36:35Our
95:36:41study, our family time, and our most
95:36:45serious work gets squeezed into the gaps
95:36:48of a screen that never rests.
95:37:01Okay, let's pause for a second. Now, I'm
95:37:04going to ask you questions. Now it's
95:37:05over to you to answer them.
95:37:08>> Do we wish the messages would stop?
95:37:18>> Yes.
95:37:19We wish the messages would stop yet we
95:37:24answer instantly.
95:37:27Does our serious work get squeezed
95:37:31or protected?
95:37:33Our
95:37:37serious work gets squeezed into the gaps
95:37:40of a screen.
95:37:43What kind of cycle do most of us live
95:37:45inside?
95:37:51We live inside a smaller version of that
95:37:55cycle.
95:37:57>> Great answers. Let's see what happens
95:38:00now.
95:38:02Laser focus is impossible when you are
95:38:04always reachable.
95:38:06And balance is impossible when rest only
95:38:11happens by accident.
95:38:24So don't wish your week would grow
95:38:26longer or ask how to squeeze more out of
95:38:31it.
95:38:33That usually ends in burnout and
95:38:36resentment.
95:38:49>> That's amazing. Now you want to speak
95:38:52what you have read and listened.
95:38:55Should you wish your week would grow
95:38:57longer?
95:39:04No.
95:39:05Don't wish your week would grow longer.
95:39:09Does trying to squeeze more hours end in
95:39:13burnout
95:39:15or in balance?
95:39:22It usually ends in burnout and
95:39:26resentment.
95:39:28When is laser focus impossible?
95:39:38Laser focus is impossible
95:39:42when you are always reachable.
95:39:46>> That's it. This is the last part of the
95:39:48story. Give it your best.
95:39:51>> Ask which hours are protected.
95:39:56Instead of wishing people would stop
95:39:58calling, tell them in advance as that
95:40:02team did.
95:40:15One predictable evening fully offline
95:40:19might be your most productive decision
95:40:21this month for you and everyone who
95:40:25depends on you.
95:40:39Last questions. Finish the story with
95:40:43the best answers possible.
95:40:46>> Should you keep wishing people would
95:40:48stop calling?
95:40:56No.
95:40:58Instead of wishing people would stop
95:41:00calling, tell them in advance.
95:41:04Is the protected evening fully offline
95:41:09or half online?
95:41:14It is fully offline.
95:41:19What might one predictable evening be?
95:41:27It might be your most productive
95:41:31decision this month.
95:41:40The grammar we practice today. Wish, if
95:41:44only plus would. His phone buzzes late
95:41:48at night and he answers, though he
95:41:51wishes it would stay silent.
95:41:55We wish the messages would stop, yet we
95:41:58answer instantly.
95:42:02So, don't wish your week would grow
95:42:04longer or ask how to squeeze more out of
95:42:08it.
95:42:10Instead of wishing people would stop
95:42:12calling, tell them in advance as that
95:42:15team did.
95:42:23Congratulations.
95:42:24You practiced 517
95:42:27words in this story and you learned a
95:42:30lot.
95:42:32That's amazing. If you notice something,
95:42:38[clears throat]
95:42:46and you're doing it at the same time.
95:42:48That's such a great accomplishment.
95:42:52How we learn.
95:43:09Let's jump into the story. The mixed
95:43:11pile. The mixed pile from the book How
95:43:16We Learn by Benedict Kerry.
95:43:20Interle
95:43:22shuffle.
95:43:24Tell apart
95:43:27landscape.
95:43:30Logical.
95:43:32Neat.
95:43:34Organized.
95:43:37Counterintuitive.
95:43:40Comparison
95:43:42distinguish.
95:43:46Imagine the night before a test on
95:43:49landscape painting.
95:43:52Two students sit in the same library
95:43:55with exactly the same amount of time.
95:44:09The first works in neat organized
95:44:13blocks.
95:44:15Several paintings by one artist, then
95:44:18several by the next. Each style studied
95:44:22on its own.
95:44:35Now, we're going to hear a question. I
95:44:37want you to answer it loudly in full
95:44:41sentences. Okay, let's go.
95:44:45Is the test on landscape painting?
95:44:54Yes, it is a test
95:44:58on landscape painting.
95:45:01Does the first student work in neat
95:45:05blocks
95:45:06or in a mixed pile?
95:45:14The first works in neat organized
95:45:19blocks.
95:45:21Where do the two students sit?
95:45:28They sit in the same library.
95:45:33Here's on. Now, let's come to the next
95:45:35part.
95:45:37>> The second student's flashcards are
95:45:39shuffled.
95:45:41One artist, then another, then a third,
95:45:44then back to the first with no pattern.
95:45:58If you had to predict a winner, you
95:46:01would probably choose the first.
95:46:05Understandably, her method looks calm
95:46:08and logical, while the second looks
95:46:11careless.
95:46:24Now, it's yours. Go ahead and talk
95:46:27loudly as much as you can.
95:46:31Are the second students flashcards
95:46:34shuffled?
95:46:41Yes. The second students flashcards are
95:46:46shuffled.
95:46:49Understandably,
95:46:50does the first method look logical
95:46:54or careless?
95:46:58Understandably,
95:47:03her method looks calm and logical.
95:47:08Which student would you probably choose
95:47:11as the winner?
95:47:16You would probably choose the first.
95:47:22Great answers. Let's see what happens
95:47:25now.
95:47:26The second student might agree with you.
95:47:31Mixed study feels confusing, and [gasps]
95:47:34each new card seems to push the last one
95:47:37out.
95:47:49The scene is close to a real experiment
95:47:52run in California by the psychologists
95:47:56Nate Cornell and Robert Bork.
95:48:09Spotlight now is on you. I want you to
95:48:11answer the questions by actually
95:48:15talking. Let's go.
95:48:17>> Does mixed study feel easy?
95:48:25No.
95:48:26Mixed study feels confusing.
95:48:31Is the scene close to a real experiment
95:48:35or pure fiction?
95:48:41The scene is close to a real experiment.
95:48:47Who ran the experiment?
95:48:55The psychologists Nate Cornell and
95:48:57Robert Bork ran it.
95:49:01>> Now relax your voice and let's continue
95:49:04listening.
95:49:06They chose 12 landscape painters most
95:49:09students would not recognize and showed
95:49:12their volunteers six works by each.
95:49:25Some volunteers saw the paintings in
95:49:28blocks one artist at a time.
95:49:32Others saw the same paintings mixed. The
95:49:35artists interled.
95:49:50>> That's amazing. Now we want to speak
95:49:52what you have read and listened.
95:49:55>> Did they choose 12 landscape painters?
95:50:06Yes,
95:50:08they chose 12 landscape painters.
95:50:12Most students would not recognize.
95:50:17Were the artists interled for some
95:50:21volunteers
95:50:23or for nobody?
95:50:31Others saw the same paintings mixed. The
95:50:35artists interled.
95:50:39How many works by each painter did
95:50:41volunteer see?
95:50:48They saw six works by each.
95:50:53Now story is calling us. Let's continue.
95:50:57Then came the real test.
95:51:00New paintings the volunteers had never
95:51:03seen
95:51:05and a simple question.
95:51:09Who painted this?
95:51:23Surprisingly, the mixed group named the
95:51:26right artist far more often, roughly 65%
95:51:32of the time against 50.
95:51:47All right, time to prove you're
95:51:49focusing. Let's jump into it.
95:51:53>> Surprisingly,
95:51:54did the mixed group name the right
95:51:57artist more often?
95:52:06Yes.
95:52:07Surprisingly, the mixed group named the
95:52:10right artist far more often.
95:52:15Were the test paintings new or had the
95:52:18volunteers seen them?
95:52:25They were new paintings the volunteers
95:52:28had never seen.
95:52:31What simple question came with the test?
95:52:39Who painted this?
95:52:42>> Nice one. Let's continue.
95:52:46>> Stranger still, when asked which method
95:52:48had helped more, most volunteers said
95:52:52blocks had worked as well or better.
95:53:04Now look at the library again.
95:53:08Counterintuitive as it seems, the
95:53:11careless student was doing something
95:53:14clever,
95:53:15and the organized one was being fooled
95:53:18by comfort.
95:53:32Great speaking time. Now, let's jump
95:53:35into the speaking time.
95:53:38Did most volunteers think mixing had
95:53:41helped more?
95:53:49No.
95:53:50Most volunteers said blocks had worked
95:53:53as well or better.
95:53:56Was the careless student or the
95:53:59organized one being fooled by comfort?
95:54:05[clears throat]
95:54:07The organized one was being fooled by
95:54:11comfort.
95:54:13Why does [clears throat] the result feel
95:54:15counterintuitive?
95:54:21The careless student was doing something
95:54:24clever.
95:54:26>> Okay, now listening mode.
95:54:29>> Blocking feels smooth because you meet
95:54:32one artist at a time.
95:54:36It hides the question the test will ask.
95:54:40How do you distinguish these artists?
95:54:55Mixing forces the brain into comparison
95:54:58again and again in a way that neat
95:55:01blocks never do.
95:55:12Okay, let's pause for a second. Now, I'm
95:55:14going to ask you questions. Now, it's
95:55:15over to you to answer them.
95:55:18>> Does blocking hide the question the test
95:55:21will ask?
95:55:29Yes, it hides the question, how do you
95:55:33distinguish these artists?
95:55:36Does mixing
95:55:38or do neat blocks force the brain into
95:55:42comparison?
95:55:47Mixing forces the brain into comparison.
95:55:51Why does blocking feel smooth?
95:55:58because you meet one artist at a time.
95:56:04>> Great job. Now, back to the story.
95:56:08>> Each switch asks whether this is the
95:56:11same painter or a new one and what gives
95:56:15it away.
95:56:25That comparison is exactly what you need
95:56:28to tell apart two styles when a new
95:56:31painting or a new problem arrives
95:56:35without a label.
95:56:49Here's where you do the talking. Go
95:56:52ahead and talk and build me full
95:56:54sentences.
95:56:56>> Does each switch ask whether this is the
95:57:00same painter?
95:57:08>> Yes. Each switch asks whether this is
95:57:11the same painter or a new one.
95:57:15Does comparison help you tell apart two
95:57:18styles or confuse them?
95:57:25[clears throat]
95:57:28Comparison is exactly what you need to
95:57:31tell apart two styles.
95:57:34How does a new problem arrive?
95:57:42A new problem arrives without a label.
95:57:47>> Now back to the story.
95:57:50>> Psychologists call this counterintuitive
95:57:53method interle.
95:57:57Admittedly it feels confusing. Yet that
95:58:01confusion is often the feeling of
95:58:04learning not failure.
95:58:18Mix your practice,
95:58:20especially when the real test is going
95:58:23to mix the questions for you.
95:58:34>> Okay, questions time.
95:58:37Admittedly, does interle feel confusing?
95:58:46Yes,
95:58:48admittedly it feels confusing.
95:58:52Is that confusion the feeling of
95:58:54learning
95:58:56or of failure?
95:59:03That confusion is often the feeling of
95:59:06learning, not failure.
95:59:10What do psychologists call this
95:59:13counterintuitive method?
95:59:17They call it interle.
95:59:21That was amazing. Now, let's continue
95:59:24and enjoy the story.
95:59:27>> English is full of neat blocks.
95:59:30Grammar books teach one tense per
95:59:33chapter in a logical order and the
95:59:36exercises stay politely inside their
95:59:39chapter.
95:59:51Then a real conversation arrives and
95:59:54nobody tells you which tense is coming.
95:59:58You must distinguish them instantly
96:00:02with no chapter title to help
96:00:17speaking time. I don't want you to
96:00:18overthink it. Just open your mouth and
96:00:21just talk whatever you remember from the
96:00:23story.
96:00:25Do grammar books teach tenses in a
96:00:28logical order?
96:00:36Yes,
96:00:38they teach one tense per chapter
96:00:42in a logical order.
96:00:45Is English full of neat blocks
96:00:49or empty of them?
96:00:56English is full of neat blocks.
96:01:01What must you do in a real conversation?
96:01:11You must distinguish the tenses
96:01:14instantly.
96:01:17>> Good job. Let's continue the story. Here
96:01:21is a simple recipe.
96:01:24Take a few grammar points you usually
96:01:26study separately and write practice
96:01:29sentences for each on cards.
96:01:43Shuffle the cards
96:01:46for each one. Decide which structure it
96:01:49needs before you say anything. Then
96:01:52check yourself.
96:02:05>> Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to
96:02:07answer the questions?
96:02:09>> Should you shuffle the cars?
96:02:16Yes.
96:02:18Shuffle the cards.
96:02:21Do you decide the structure before you
96:02:24speak
96:02:26or after?
96:02:34You decide which structure it needs
96:02:38before you say anything.
96:02:42What do you write on the cards?
96:02:50You write practice sentences for each
96:02:53grammar point.
96:02:56Now, this is the last part. Let's bring
96:02:58it home.
96:03:00>> Predictably, it will feel slower and
96:03:04messier, and that discomfort is the
96:03:07price of the skill.
96:03:18After a week, test yourself on new
96:03:21sentences.
96:03:23Can you tell apart the structures? Now,
96:03:27the mixed pile will show what the neat
96:03:30one was hiding.
96:03:36Here's
96:03:45the last questions. I want you to give
96:03:48them everything [snorts] you've got.
96:03:51>> Predictably, will the mixed practice
96:03:54feel slower?
96:04:02Yes,
96:04:04predictably it will feel slower and
96:04:08messier.
96:04:11Will the mixed pile or the neat one show
96:04:15what was hidden?
96:04:22The mixed pile will show what the neat
96:04:26one was hiding.
96:04:29After a week, what should you test?
96:04:40Test yourself on new sentences.
96:04:44Can you tell apart the structures? Now,
96:04:55the grammar we practice today comment
96:04:58adverbs.
96:05:00Understandably, her method looks calm
96:05:03and logical, while the second looks
96:05:05careless.
96:05:09Surprisingly, the mixed group named the
96:05:11right artist far more often. roughly 65%
96:05:16of the time against 50.
96:05:20Admittedly, it feels confusing. Yet,
96:05:23that confusion is often the feeling of
96:05:26learning, not failure.
96:05:30Predictably, it will feel slower and
96:05:33messier. And that discomfort is the
96:05:35price of the skill.
96:05:44Congratulations.
96:05:46You practiced 58 words in this story and
96:05:50you learned a lot.
96:05:53>> Honestly, well done.
96:06:00And uh this is the important thing. You
96:06:02you're you're improving your English.
96:06:04You're improving your mindset. And
96:06:06that's going to make you a undestroyable
96:06:10man or or like undesirable guy. So
96:06:14that's amazing. And now let's take a
96:06:16quick break and listen to one of the
96:06:20real stories from one of my students
96:06:27English.
96:06:38spelling.
96:07:00YouTube
96:07:21Alhamdulillah.
96:07:45Big
96:07:47technique.
96:07:57Fore
96:08:07listening.
96:08:53forcing
96:09:24Alhamdulillah.
96:09:41No.
96:10:05Alhamdulillah.
96:10:11Awesome.
96:10:34But it's something amazing. It's
96:10:35something totally crazy. Um
96:10:45Why you sleep?
96:10:50Why you know sleep works? [laughter]
96:11:04for
96:11:19now let's jump into the story 3 in the
96:11:22morning 3 in the morning from the book
96:11:26Why We Sleep by Matthew Walker.
96:11:30Scribble.
96:11:32Stimulate.
96:11:35Spark.
96:11:37Impatient.
96:11:39Pharmacology.
96:11:42Suspect.
96:11:45Corridor.
96:11:47Substance.
96:11:49Creativity.
96:11:52Drip.
96:11:54On a small night table in Gratz,
96:11:58Austria,
96:11:59lies a tiny slip of thin paper.
96:12:03Covered in handwriting
96:12:06nobody can read,
96:12:18not even the man who wrote it. And he is
96:12:22certain it holds something very
96:12:25important.
96:12:35No one word answer. I don't want you to
96:12:37give me like ah small answers. I want
96:12:39you to give me full sentences aloud. And
96:12:41when you're going to hear and listen to
96:12:43the sentence, repeat it yourself. Okay,
96:12:47let's go.
96:12:48Can anybody read the handwriting on the
96:12:52slip?
96:12:59No,
96:13:01it is covered in handwriting nobody can
96:13:04read.
96:13:06Does the slip lie on a night table or on
96:13:11a laboratory bench?
96:13:19It lies on a small night table
96:13:23in Gratz.
96:13:26What is the writer [clears throat]
96:13:28certain about?
96:13:34He is certain it holds something very
96:13:37important.
96:13:40>> Good job. Let's continue the story.
96:13:44Otto Lurvy is a professor of
96:13:46pharmarmacology, the science of how
96:13:49medicines and chemicals act on the body.
96:14:00For years, he has wondered how a nerve
96:14:04signals the heart.
96:14:07Is it an electric spark or a chemical?
96:14:23Awesome. Now it's speaking turn.
96:14:26>> Is Otto Levy a professor of
96:14:29pharmarmacology?
96:14:35>> Yes, Otto Levy is a professor of
96:14:39pharmarmacology.
96:14:40Has he wondered how a nerve signals the
96:14:46heart
96:14:47of the lungs?
96:14:54He has wondered how a nerve signals the
96:14:59heart.
96:15:01What two answers does he consider?
96:15:10It is either an electric spark
96:15:14or a chemical
96:15:17>> now. Story's calling us. Let's continue.
96:15:21>> He suspects a chemical. Exactly the kind
96:15:25of substance pharmarmacology studies.
96:15:29He simply has no way to prove it.
96:15:44Hours earlier on the night before Easter
96:15:46Sunday, he had woken with an answer,
96:15:51switched on the light, and scribbled a
96:15:53few notes.
96:16:06Let's see what stayed in your mind.
96:16:09Let's go.
96:16:11Does he suspect a chemical?
96:16:21Yes, he suspects a chemical. The kind of
96:16:25substance pharmacology studies.
96:16:29Had he woken with an answer
96:16:33or with a headache.
96:16:40Hours earlier he had woken with an
96:16:44answer.
96:16:46What had he scribbled in the night?
96:16:53He had scribbled a few notes.
96:16:57Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the
96:17:00story.
96:17:02>> Satisfied, he had fallen asleep again.
96:17:07>> Now it is 6:00 in the morning and he
96:17:10remembers writing something important.
96:17:23He picks up the paper.
96:17:26The scroll means nothing.
96:17:30He stares at it again and again and the
96:17:34idea will not return.
96:17:49Spotlight now is on you. I want you to
96:17:51answer the questions by actually
96:17:54talking. Let's go.
96:17:56>> Had he fallen asleep again?
96:18:06Yes.
96:18:08Satisfied, he had fallen asleep again.
96:18:13Is it now 6 in the morning
96:18:17or midnight?
96:18:22Now it is 6 in the morning.
96:18:27What does the scroll mean?
96:18:34The scroll means nothing.
96:18:39>> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep
96:18:42moving.
96:18:43>> What would you do if your best idea
96:18:47slipped away?
96:18:50Most of us would sigh and promise to
96:18:53think about it later.
96:18:56[gasps]
96:19:05The next night at 3:00, the idea
96:19:10returns.
96:19:12It is the design of an experiment, clear
96:19:15and complete.
96:19:29All right, time to prove your focusing.
96:19:32Let's jump into it.
96:19:34>> Does the idea return the next night?
96:19:44Yes.
96:19:46The next night at 3:00, the idea
96:19:50returns.
96:19:52Would most of us act at once or promise
96:19:56to think about it later?
96:20:03Most of us would promise to think about
96:20:05it laughter.
96:20:07What is the idea when it returns?
96:20:17>> It is the design of an experiment. Clear
96:20:20and complete.
96:20:24>> All right, let's see if you've guessed
96:20:26it right. Let's go to the next part of
96:20:27the story.
96:20:29>> This time he does not scribble a note
96:20:32and trust the paper.
96:20:34In his own account, he got up
96:20:37immediately, went to the laboratory.
96:20:51Picture the building at that hour. Dark
96:20:54corridors, a sleeping city.
96:20:58He switches on the lamps and begins
96:21:15every sentence.
96:21:17Speak it out loud. Okay, let's go.
96:21:21>> Does he scribble a note and trust the
96:21:24paper this time?
96:21:32No.
96:21:34This time he does not scribble a note
96:21:37and trust the paper.
96:21:40Are the coridors dark or bright at that
96:21:44hour?
96:21:48The corridors are dark at that hour.
96:21:53Where did he go in his own account?
96:22:02He got up immediately and went to the
96:22:05laboratory.
96:22:08>> That was amazing. Now, let's continue
96:22:11and enjoy the story.
96:22:13>> He places two frog hearts in separate
96:22:16dishes of salt solution where they keep
96:22:19beating on their own.
96:22:30He stimulates the nerve that slows the
96:22:33first heart and its beat slows.
96:22:38Then he collects the liquid around it.
96:22:53Let's hear you. Now it's your turn to
96:22:54speak.
96:22:56>> Does he use two frog hearts?
96:23:06Yes.
96:23:08He places two frog hearts
96:23:12in separate dishes.
96:23:15Does he stimulate the nerve of the first
96:23:18heart
96:23:20or the second?
96:23:26He stimulates the nerve that slows the
96:23:30first heart.
96:23:33What does he collect?
96:23:40He collects the liquid around the first
96:23:44heart.
96:23:47>> Great job. Now, back to the story.
96:23:50He drips it onto the second heart whose
96:23:54nerve he has not stimulated.
96:23:57That heart slows down too.
96:24:10Something in the liquid he dripped
96:24:12carried the message, not a spark.
96:24:16The signal is chemical just as he had
96:24:19suspected.
96:24:30>> Now the floor is yours. Let's go.
96:24:34>> Had he stimulated the nerve of the
96:24:36second heart?
96:24:44No,
96:24:46he had not stimulated its nerve
96:24:50yet. That heart slowed down, too.
96:24:55Did a spark
96:24:58or something in the liquid he dripped
96:25:01carry the message?
96:25:07Something in the liquid he dripped
96:25:09carried the message, not a spark.
96:25:13What had he suspected?
96:25:22He had suspected the signal was
96:25:25chemical.
96:25:28>> Now back to the story.
96:25:31>> The substance was later identified as
96:25:35acetile choline
96:25:37and the experiment opened a new science.
96:25:42How nerves pass messages with chemicals.
96:25:57Years later, it earned him the Nobel
96:26:00Prize shared with a British scientist
96:26:04who had studied the same chemical.
96:26:18Okay, speaking time. Speak your mind.
96:26:22>> Was the substance later identified as
96:26:25acetile choline?
96:26:34Yes.
96:26:36The substance was later identified as
96:26:39acetile choline.
96:26:42Did he share the Nobel Prize
96:26:46or win it alone?
96:26:51He shared it with a British scientist.
96:26:55What new science did the experiment
96:26:58open?
96:27:04How nerves pass messages
96:27:07with chemicals.
96:27:11>> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's
96:27:14keep it up and jump into the story.
96:27:18>> It is usually told as proof of dream
96:27:20magic.
96:27:23Matthew Walker uses it in Why We Sleep
96:27:27to show how sleep feeds creativity.
96:27:42sleep handed him the idea twice.
96:27:46I think the more useful part is what he
96:27:49did the second time.
96:28:02Okay, voice is up. Now, here comes the
96:28:05questions.
96:28:07>> Is the story usually told as proof of
96:28:10dream magic?
96:28:19Yes,
96:28:21it is usually told as proof of dream
96:28:24magic.
96:28:26Does Walker use it to show sleep feeds
96:28:30creativity
96:28:32or wastes time?
96:28:40He uses it to show how sleep feeds
96:28:44creativity.
96:28:47How many times did sleep hand him the
96:28:51idea?
96:28:56Sleep handed him the idea twice.
96:29:02>> Great answers. Let's see what happens
96:29:04now.
96:29:06The first time he trusted the idea to
96:29:09wait politely until morning.
96:29:13It did not wait.
96:29:25The second time he was as impatient as
96:29:27the idea.
96:29:30He got up and made it real before it
96:29:33could fade.
96:29:44Now it's yours. Go ahead and talk loudly
96:29:48as much as you can.
96:29:51>> Did the idea wait politely until
96:29:54morning?
96:29:59>> No, it did not wait.
96:30:04The second time, was he patient or as
96:30:08impatient as the idea?
96:30:16The second time he was as impatient as
96:30:20the idea.
96:30:22What did he do before the idea could
96:30:26fade?
96:30:31He got up and made it real.
96:30:37>> Now relax your voice and let's continue
96:30:40listening.
96:30:41>> Creativity is generous but impatient.
96:30:47Ideas arrive whenever they like and they
96:30:50leave quietly if nobody acts on them.
96:31:05When the idea comes, act before it
96:31:08disappears.
96:31:11Even if acting means a few rough
96:31:13minutes, not a perfect plan.
96:31:27Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and
96:31:29speak.
96:31:31Is creativity
96:31:33patient?
96:31:40No.
96:31:42Creativity is generous but impatient.
96:31:48Should you act now or wait for a perfect
96:31:52plan?
96:32:00Act before it disappears,
96:32:04even if it means a few rough minutes.
96:32:08Not a perfect plan.
96:32:11When do ideas leave quietly?
96:32:20They leave quietly
96:32:22if nobody acts on them.
96:32:26>> Now, this is the final part. I want you
96:32:28to focus and jump into it.
96:32:31>> Tonight, a new English sentence may come
96:32:35to you in the shower,
96:32:38in a corridor,
96:32:40or on the way home.
96:32:44Picture
96:32:53yourself opening your notes and using it
96:32:56within the hour.
96:32:58Say it, write it, send it.
96:33:04That is your 3:00 laboratory.
96:33:10Awesome.
96:33:20This is the final questions for this
96:33:22one. Go ahead. I don't want you to leave
96:33:24anything on the table. Try to answer
96:33:26every single question. Go ahead.
96:33:29>> Could a new sentence come to you in a
96:33:33corridor?
96:33:41Yes,
96:33:43it may come in the shower, in a
96:33:45corridor, or on the way home.
96:33:50Should you use the sentence within the
96:33:53hour or next week?
96:34:00You should use it within the hour.
96:34:03What is your 3:00 laboratory?
96:34:14Opening your notes and using it within
96:34:16the hour.
96:34:18Say it, write it, send it.
96:34:29The grammar we practice today, narrative
96:34:32tenses for effect. On a small night
96:34:36table in Gratz, Austria, lies a tiny
96:34:39slip of thin paper covered in
96:34:41handwriting nobody can read.
96:34:46Hours earlier, on the night before
96:34:48Easter Sunday, he had woken with an
96:34:50answer, switched [clears throat] on the
96:34:52light, and scribbled a few notes.
96:34:56Now it is 6:00 in the morning and he
96:34:59remembers writing something important.
96:35:04The next night at 3:00, the idea
96:35:07returns.
96:35:15Congratulations.
96:35:17You practice 517
96:35:19words in this story and you learned a
96:35:22lot.
96:35:24See, that wasn't hard.
96:35:34This is amazing. Let's keep it up.
96:35:37Discipline is the destiny.
96:36:16And now let's jump into the story. The
96:36:18essay he destroyed.
96:36:21>> The essay he destroyed from the book
96:36:25discipline is destiny by Ryan Holiday.
96:36:30Moderation.
96:36:33Unchecked.
96:36:35Garrison.
96:36:37Heed.
96:36:40Crown.
96:36:42Throne.
96:36:45Statesman.
96:36:47break
96:36:49fraction
96:36:51provincial.
96:36:54A young artillery officer once wrote
96:36:58that ambition was dangerous.
96:37:03In one English translation, he compared
96:37:05it to a fire fed by a pitiles wind.
96:37:22He was barely in his 20ies, short of
96:37:25money and far from home. Posted to a
96:37:28provincial garrison town.
96:37:41No one answer. I don't want you to give
96:37:43me like ah small answers. I want you to
96:37:45give me full sentences aloud and when
96:37:47you're going to hear and listen to the
96:37:49sentence, repeat it yourself. Okay,
96:37:52let's go. Did the young officer think
96:37:56ambition was dangerous?
96:38:04>> Yes,
96:38:06he wrote that ambition was dangerous.
96:38:11Was he posted to a provincial town or to
96:38:14the capital?
96:38:19He was posted to a provincial garrison
96:38:22town.
96:38:24What did he compare ambition to?
96:38:33He compared it to a fire fed by a
96:38:38pitilous wind. Here's
96:38:42on. Now let's come to the next part.
96:38:45>> The year was 1791.
96:38:50An academy in Leon had offered a prize
96:38:53for the best essay on one grand
96:38:57question.
96:39:09Which truths and feelings, it asked,
96:39:12should people be taught to be happy?
96:39:17From his quiet garrison post, the young
96:39:20officer decided to compete.
96:39:34That's amazing. Now we want to speak
96:39:37what you have read and listened.
96:39:40>> Was the essay prize offered in 1791?
96:39:51Yes, the year was 1791
96:39:56and an academy in Leon offered the
96:39:59prize.
96:40:01Did the question ask about happiness
96:40:05or about money?
96:40:12It asked which truths and feelings make
96:40:16people happy.
96:40:18Where was the young officer when he
96:40:21decided to compete?
96:40:27He was at his quiet Garrison post.
96:40:32So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen.
96:40:36His answer was surprisingly wise for
96:40:40someone so young.
96:40:42Happiness, he argued, needs moderation,
96:40:47and unchecked ambition burns until
96:40:50nothing is left.
96:41:03Think about that moment. A hungry
96:41:06provincial officer with nothing yet to
96:41:09his name, warning the world against
96:41:12wanting too much.
96:41:26Now it's yours. Go ahead and talk loudly
96:41:30as much as you can.
96:41:33Did he argue that happiness needs
96:41:36moderation?
96:41:43Yes. Happiness, he argued, needs
96:41:48moderation.
96:41:50Does unchecked ambition bring peace or
96:41:54does it burn?
96:42:03Unchecked ambition burns
96:42:07until nothing is left.
96:42:10Who was warning the world against
96:42:13wanting too much?
96:42:20A hungry provincial officer with nothing
96:42:24yet to his name.
96:42:28Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's
96:42:31keep it up and jump into the story.
96:42:36>> The essay did not win.
96:42:39The judges placed it near the bottom
96:42:43and he went back to his duties.
96:42:47[sighs]
96:42:56The young officer
96:42:59was Napoleon Bonapart.
96:43:02In the years that followed, he became a
96:43:04general and then the ruler of France.
96:43:12>> [cheering]
96:43:20>> Okay, let's pause for a second. Now I'm
96:43:22going to ask you questions. Now it's
96:43:24over to you to answer them.
96:43:26>> Did the essay win the prize?
96:43:37>> No.
96:43:38The essay did not [laughter] win. The
96:43:42judges placed it near the bottom.
96:43:45Was the young officer Napoleon
96:43:48or one of the judges?
96:43:56The young officer was Napoleon Bonapart.
96:44:02What did he become in the years that
96:44:05followed?
96:44:10He became a general and then the ruler
96:44:14of France.
96:44:17>> Nice one. Let's continue.
96:44:20>> Not only did he crown himself emperor,
96:44:23his armies came to control much of
96:44:26Europe.
96:44:28By any outside measure, he had won
96:44:32everything.
96:44:44Yet the fire he had once described was
96:44:48now burning inside him.
96:44:51Rarely did he heed a warning. Each
96:44:54victory made him less willing to listen.
96:45:09Did that make sense? Now, let's check.
96:45:12>> Did he crown himself emperor?
96:45:22>> Yes.
96:45:24Not only did he crown himself emperor,
96:45:27his armies controlled much of Europe.
96:45:31Did he often heed warnings or rarely?
96:45:38Rarely did he heed a warning?
96:45:42What was now burning inside him?
96:45:51The fire he had once described was now
96:45:55burning inside him.
96:45:59Great job. Now, back to the story.
96:46:02>> In 1812,
96:46:04ignoring warnings from some of his own
96:46:06advisers, he marched an enormous army
96:46:10deep into Russia.
96:46:20The Russians retreated, burning what
96:46:23they left behind.
96:46:26Then winter came and the army had to
96:46:29turn back.
96:46:42Now the table's turn. I'm going to ask
96:46:45you questions. You're going to do the
96:46:46talking. Let's go.
96:46:48>> Did he march his army into Russia in
96:46:511812?
96:46:59Yes. In 1812, he marched an enormous
96:47:04army deep into Russia.
96:47:07Did he listen to his advisers or ignore
96:47:11their warnings?
96:47:16He ignored warnings from some of his own
96:47:19advisers.
96:47:21What made the army turn back?
96:47:28>> Winter came and the army had to turn
96:47:32back.
96:47:35>> All right, let's see if you've guessed
96:47:37it right. Let's go to the next part of
96:47:38the story.
96:47:40>> Of the hundreds of thousands of soldiers
96:47:43who crossed the border, only a small
96:47:46fraction came home.
96:47:56Within two years, he had lost his throne
96:48:01and been sent into exile on a small
96:48:03island in the Mediterranean.
96:48:15>> Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to
96:48:17answer the questions?
96:48:19>> Did most of the soldiers
96:48:22come home?
96:48:30No,
96:48:32only a small fraction came home.
96:48:37Did he keep his throne
96:48:40or lose it?
96:48:46Within 2 years, he had lost his throne.
96:48:51Where was he sent into exile?
96:49:00He was sent to a small island in the
96:49:03Mediterranean.
96:49:06Okay, now listening mode.
96:49:09>> He escaped, returned to his throne, and
96:49:13risked everything again.
96:49:18Defeated once more, he was sent to a
96:49:21remote Atlantic island.
96:49:35Never again would he leave it. He died
96:49:38there.
96:49:41Years earlier, at the height of his
96:49:43power, a senior statesman had dug up the
96:49:47old essay.
96:50:00Here's where you do the talking. Go
96:50:03ahead and talk and build me full
96:50:05sentences.
96:50:08>> Did he return to his throne after
96:50:11escaping?
96:50:18Yes, he escaped, returned to his throne
96:50:22and risked everything again.
96:50:26Did he leave the Atlantic island again
96:50:30or die there?
96:50:36Never again would he leave it. He died
96:50:40there.
96:50:42Who had dug up the old essay?
96:50:51A senior statesman had dug up the old
96:50:55essay.
96:50:58>> That was amazing. Now, let's continue
96:51:00and enjoy the story.
96:51:03>> According to one early account, the
96:51:05statesman brought it to the crowned
96:51:07emperor
96:51:09who read a few pages
96:51:11and destroyed it.
96:51:25That is the irony.
96:51:28[laughter] Little did [gasps] the young
96:51:29writer know he was describing his own
96:51:33future.
96:51:36Later he lacked even a fraction of the
96:51:38self-control to heed it.
96:51:53Speaking time. Try answering with words
96:51:56you just heard. Go ahead.
96:52:00>> Did the emperor keep the essay?
96:52:10No.
96:52:12In one early account, he read a few
96:52:15pages and destroyed it.
96:52:19Did the young writer know his future or
96:52:23not?
96:52:31Little did the young writer know he was
96:52:34describing his own future.
96:52:38Who brought the essay to the crowned
96:52:41emperor?
96:52:46The statesman brought it to the crowned
96:52:48emperor.
96:52:51>> Great answers. Let's see what happens
96:52:54now.
96:52:55>> None of this is an argument against
96:52:57ambition.
96:53:00Ambition is what gets a person out of a
96:53:02small room and into a bigger life.
96:53:16The danger is unchecked ambition.
96:53:20Ambition with no breaks.
96:53:25When winning starts to justify ignoring
96:53:28warnings, breaking promises, and
96:53:32spending people.
96:53:45All right, time to prove your focusing.
96:53:49Let's jump into it.
96:53:51Is this story an argument
96:53:55against ambition?
96:54:03No.
96:54:05None of this is an argument against
96:54:08ambition.
96:54:10Is the danger ambition itself or
96:54:14ambition with no breaks?
96:54:21The danger is unchecked ambition.
96:54:25Ambition with no breaks.
96:54:29Where does ambition take a person?
96:54:35[clears throat]
96:54:39Ambition gets a person out of a small
96:54:41room and into a bigger life.
96:54:48Now, back to the story.
96:54:50>> Perhaps you want a high score, a
96:54:53scholarship, or a better job. Good.
96:54:58That hunger can carry you through years
96:55:01of study.
96:55:13Moderation is the break that keeps it on
96:55:16the road. The hours you rest, the people
96:55:21you keep close, the promises you keep.
96:55:36A quick check before we move on. I want
96:55:39you to answer these questions.
96:55:42>> Can that hunger carry you through years
96:55:45of study?
96:55:52>> Yes,
96:55:53that hunger can carry you through years
96:55:56of study.
96:55:58Is moderation the break or the engine?
96:56:07Moderation is the brake that keeps it on
96:56:10the road.
96:56:12What limits does this break include?
96:56:21It includes the hours you rest, the
96:56:25people you keep close,
96:56:27and the promises you keep.
96:56:32And now the big finish.
96:56:36>> Ryan Holiday tells this story in
96:56:39Discipline is destiny as a warning and
96:56:43it points to a better question.
96:56:55So tonight, don't ask how far your
96:56:59ambition can take you.
96:57:02Ask whether you are still the one
96:57:06steering it.
96:57:18>> One final question, bro. You've done the
96:57:21whole thing. Now, let's do the final
96:57:23one.
96:57:24Does Ryan Holiday tell this story as a
96:57:28warning?
96:57:36Yes,
96:57:37he tells it in discipline is destiny as
96:57:41a warning.
96:57:44Should you ask how far ambition goes or
96:57:48who is steering it?
96:57:54Ask whether you are still the one
96:57:57steering it.
96:57:59Which book tells this story?
96:58:07Ryan Holiday tells it in discipline is
96:58:11destiny.
96:58:19The grammar we practice today, inversion
96:58:23after negative adverbials.
96:58:26Not only did he crown himself emperor,
96:58:29his armies came to control much of
96:58:31Europe.
96:58:34Rarely did he heed a warning. Each
96:58:37victory made him less willing to listen.
96:58:42Never again would he leave it. He died
96:58:44there.
96:58:47Little did the young writer know, he was
96:58:50describing his own future.
96:58:59>> Congratulations.
96:59:00You practiced 519 words in this story
96:59:04and you learned a lot.
96:59:08>> Let's pause for a second.
96:59:13You finished another story.
96:59:17And you learned a new lesson. You
96:59:20learned a new way of thinking. And
96:59:23that's amazing.
96:59:27And
96:59:51What happened?
96:59:54And now let's jump into the story. The
96:59:57money in the middle.
96:59:59>> The money in the middle from the book
97:00:02Alibaba by Duncan Clark.
97:00:06Largely
97:00:08safeguard,
97:00:11rehearse,
97:00:13marketplace,
97:00:16reassure,
97:00:18credit card,
97:00:21go first,
97:00:24far beyond,
97:00:27intermediary,
97:00:29attract.
97:00:32Look at how you paid for the last thing
97:00:34you bought online.
97:00:38>> Perhaps you used a credit card, tapped a
97:00:41button, and trusted the goods would
97:00:44arrive.
97:00:56That small act of trust feels natural
97:00:59today.
97:01:00In China in the early 2000s, it was
97:01:03almost impossible and someone had to
97:01:07build it.
97:01:20No one word answer. I don't want you to
97:01:22give me like ah small answers. I want
97:01:24you to give me full sentences aloud. And
97:01:27when you're going to hear and listen to
97:01:28the sentence, repeat it yourself. Okay,
97:01:32let's go.
97:01:33>> Did you perhaps use a credit card?
97:01:44Yes.
97:01:46Perhaps you used a credit card and
97:01:50tapped a button.
97:01:53Was that trust easy?
97:01:56or almost impossible in China. Then
97:02:06in China in the early 2000s, it was
97:02:09almost impossible.
97:02:12What did you trust when you tapped the
97:02:15button?
97:02:20You trusted the goods would arrive.
97:02:26See, English is already coming out of
97:02:28you. Now listen and let's continue.
97:02:32>> Jack Mars Alibaba had just launched a
97:02:35shopping site called Tao Bao.
97:02:39Its rival was eBay, a giant with far
97:02:43more money and experience.
97:02:56Tao had a problem no advertising could
97:03:00fix.
97:03:02Buyers and sellers were strangers and
97:03:05neither was willing to go first.
97:03:19Okay, voice is up. Now, here comes the
97:03:23questions.
97:03:25>> Was eBay Tao Bao's rival?
97:03:35Yes, its rival was eBay, a giant with
97:03:40far more money.
97:03:43Were buyers and sellers friends
97:03:47or strangers?
97:03:52Buyers and sellers were strangers.
97:03:56What was neither side willing to do?
97:04:03Neither was willing to go first.
97:04:08>> Great answers. Let's see what happens
97:04:10now.
97:04:12>> Not knowing the seller, a buyer would
97:04:14not pay.
97:04:17Not having been paid, a seller would not
97:04:20ship,
97:04:22so nothing moved.
97:04:35Credit cards were rare in China then,
97:04:38and getting your money back after a bad
97:04:41deal was hard.
97:04:50Okay, speaking time. Speak your mind.
97:04:54Not knowing the seller, would a buyer
97:04:57pay?
97:05:03No. Not knowing the seller, a buyer
97:05:07would not pay.
97:05:10Not having been paid, would a seller
97:05:13ship or wait?
97:05:20Not having been paid, a seller would not
97:05:24ship.
97:05:26What was rare in China then?
97:05:33Credit cards were rare in China then.
97:05:38>> Here's Odd. Now let's come to the next
97:05:40part.
97:05:41>> You might expect a technology company to
97:05:44fix this with clever software.
97:05:48Alibaba chose to stand in the middle
97:05:52itself
97:05:53as an intermediary.
97:06:06In 2003,
97:06:08it created Alipay, a simple safeguard.
97:06:13The buyer paid Alip pay instead of the
97:06:16seller, and the money waited while the
97:06:20goods traveled.
97:06:33Here's where you do the talking. Go
97:06:36ahead and talk and build me full
97:06:38sentences.
97:06:40>> Did Alibaba choose to stand
97:06:44in the middle?
97:06:52Yes.
97:06:53Alibaba chose to stand in the middle
97:06:57itself
97:06:58as an intermediary.
97:07:01Did the buyer pay the seller or Alipe?
97:07:10The buyer paid Alipe instead of the
97:07:14seller.
97:07:16What did Alibaba create in 2003?
97:07:26In 2003, it created Alipe,
97:07:31a simple safeguard.
97:07:34>> Okay, now listening mode.
97:07:37>> Only when the buyer confirmed that the
97:07:40package had arrived as promised did the
97:07:44money move on to the seller.
97:07:55Nobody had to go first anymore.
97:07:59Each stranger only had to trust the
97:08:02intermediary,
97:08:04a company with a reputation to protect.
97:08:20>> Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and
97:08:22speak.
97:08:24Did the money move before the buyer
97:08:27confirmed?
97:08:34No.
97:08:36Only when the buyer confirmed did the
97:08:39money move on.
97:08:41Did strangers trust each other or the
97:08:46intermediary?
97:08:52Each stranger only had to trust the
97:08:55intermediary.
97:08:58Who had to go first now?
97:09:05Nobody had to go first anymore.
97:09:10>> That was amazing. Now, let's continue
97:09:13and enjoy the story.
97:09:16>> It sounds obvious now.
97:09:19At the time, it was a real business risk
97:09:23with no clear rules for a private firm
97:09:26holding payments.
97:09:39Having accepted that the risk would fall
97:09:41on him personally, Ma decided the
97:09:44service was too important to wait for.
97:09:59Now the table's turn. I'm going to ask
97:10:02you questions. You're going to do the
97:10:03talking. Let's go.
97:10:06>> Was Alip pay a real business risk at the
97:10:10time?
97:10:16>> Yes.
97:10:18At the time it was a real business risk.
97:10:23Having accepted the risk, did Ma wait or
97:10:28go ahead?
97:10:35Having accepted the risk, Ma decided the
97:10:39service was too important to wait for.
97:10:43Who would the risk fall on?
97:10:50The risk would fall on him personally.
97:10:56Now stories calling us. Let's continue.
97:11:00>> Reassured that their money was safe.
97:11:02Shoppers relaxed.
97:11:05Sellers were attracted by the crowds and
97:11:08Taoba grew faster than its much richer
97:11:11rival.
97:11:23Within a few years, eBay had largely
97:11:26retreated from China and Taoba became
97:11:30the marketplace where the country
97:11:32shopped online.
97:11:45speaking time. I don't want you to
97:11:47overthink it. Just open your mouth and
97:11:50just talk whatever you remember from the
97:11:52story.
97:11:54>> Reassured that their money was safe, did
97:11:58shoppers relax?
97:12:06Yes.
97:12:08Reassured that their money was safe,
97:12:11shoppers relaxed.
97:12:15Were sellers attracted
97:12:18or scared away by the crowds?
97:12:24Sellers were attracted by the crowds.
97:12:29What happened to eBay in China?
97:12:37Within a few years, eBay had largely
97:12:40retreated from China.
97:12:44>> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's
97:12:47keep it up and jump into the story.
97:12:51>> Alipe kept growing far beyond Taoba
97:12:56until hundreds of millions of people
97:12:59used it to pay for almost anything.
97:13:13I think the most useful part of this
97:13:16story is not the technology.
97:13:19It is the question he chose to answer.
97:13:33Speaking time. Try answering with words
97:13:36you just heard. Go ahead.
97:13:40>> Did Alipe grow far beyond Taba?
97:13:50>> Yes.
97:13:52Alipe kept growing far beyond Tabao.
97:13:57Is the useful part the technology
97:14:01or the question?
97:14:08The most useful part is the question he
97:14:11chose to answer.
97:14:14How many people came to use Alipe?
97:14:21Hundreds of millions of people used it.
97:14:27So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen.
97:14:31>> Everyone else was asking how to attract
97:14:33more shoppers.
97:14:36He asked why the shoppers who came were
97:14:40still afraid to pay.
97:14:54Solve the trust problem and the business
97:14:57follows.
97:15:01That was true for a marketplace of
97:15:03strangers
97:15:04and it holds far beyond shopping.
97:15:19Every sentence,
97:15:21speak it out loud. Okay, let's go.
97:15:25>> Was everyone else asking how to attract
97:15:28more shoppers?
97:15:36Yes.
97:15:38Everyone else was asking how to attract
97:15:41more shoppers.
97:15:44Was the rule true for a marketplace of
97:15:47strangers
97:15:49or only friends?
97:15:56It was true for a marketplace of
97:15:59strangers.
97:16:01What did he ask instead?
97:16:10He asked why the shoppers who came were
97:16:13still afraid to pay.
97:16:18>> All right, let's see if you've guessed
97:16:20it right. Let's go to the next part of
97:16:21the story.
97:16:23Think about your English.
97:16:26Your hesitation is largely a trust
97:16:30problem.
97:16:31You do not yet trust your own voice.
97:16:46Having rehearsed a sentence again and
97:16:49again in your head, you still stay
97:16:52silent in class even when you know the
97:16:56answer
97:17:09spotlight now is on you. I want you to
97:17:12answer the questions by actually
97:17:15talking. Let's go.
97:17:17>> Is your hesitation
97:17:19largely a trussist problem?
97:17:28Yes. Your hesitation is largely a trust
97:17:34problem.
97:17:35Having rehearsed a sentence, do you
97:17:39speak or stay silent?
97:17:47Having rehearsed it again and again, you
97:17:50still stay silent.
97:17:53What do you not yet trust?
97:18:00You do not yet trust your own voice.
97:18:04Awesome.
97:18:07Great job. Let's keep up the story.
97:18:10>> Like Taobau's buyers, you may need a
97:18:14safeguard of your own,
97:18:17a class that expects mistakes, or a
97:18:20partner who promised not to laugh.
97:18:34Speak there first where mistakes cost
97:18:39nothing.
97:18:41Let each small success reassure you
97:18:45until you no longer need to rehearse
97:18:48every line.
97:19:01Now the floor is yours. Let's go.
97:19:05Do you need a safeguard of your own?
97:19:14Yes. Like Tao Bao's buyers, you may need
97:19:19a safeguard of your own.
97:19:22Should you speak first in a safe place
97:19:26or a risky one?
97:19:33Speak there first where mistakes cost
97:19:37nothing.
97:19:39What can reassure you?
97:19:45Each small success can reassure you.
97:19:51Now this is the final part. I want you
97:19:53to focus and jump into it.
97:19:56>> Each safe conversation is a small
97:20:00delivery that arrives as promised
97:20:04and your own voice slowly becomes
97:20:08a seller. You believe
97:20:21every market, team and classroom runs on
97:20:24the same simple rule.
97:20:27Where trust is built,
97:20:31people finally begin to move.
97:20:35Awesome.
97:20:45This is the final questions for this
97:20:48one. Go ahead. I don't want you to leave
97:20:50anything on the table. Try to answer
97:20:52every single question. Go ahead.
97:20:55>> Does each safe conversation arrive as
97:20:59promised?
97:21:07Yes.
97:21:08Each safe conversation is a small
97:21:11delivery that arrives as promised.
97:21:16Does your voice become a stranger
97:21:19or a seller? You believe
97:21:26your own voice slowly becomes a seller
97:21:30you believe.
97:21:33Where do people finally begin to move?
97:21:42Where trust is built, people finally
97:21:46begin to move.
97:21:55The grammar we practice today, advanced
97:21:58participle clauses. Not knowing the
97:22:01seller, a buyer would not pay.
97:22:05Not having been paid, a seller would not
97:22:08ship.
97:22:11Having accepted that the risk would fall
97:22:13on him personally, Ma decided the
97:22:16service was too important to wait for.
97:22:21Reassured that their money was safe,
97:22:23shoppers relaxed.
97:22:32Congratulations.
97:22:33You practiced 518 words in this story
97:22:37and you learned a lot.
97:22:40Amazing. So you have listened, you
97:22:43understood and you spoke
97:22:51and that's how we learn.
97:22:54Think and grow rich. forchech.
97:23:44Let's jump into the story. The buttons
97:23:47on the desk. The buttons on the desk
97:23:51from the book Think and Grow Rich by
97:23:54Napoleon Hill.
97:23:57Liel,
97:23:59ignorant,
97:24:01summon,
97:24:04clutter,
97:24:06recite,
97:24:08traitor,
97:24:10expertise,
97:24:13courtroom,
97:24:15anarchist,
97:24:18ignorance.
97:24:21In a small courtroom in Michigan,
97:24:25America's most famous car maker sits
97:24:29patiently in the witness chair,
97:24:32waiting for the next question.
97:24:45Three years earlier, the Chicago Tribune
97:24:48had called him ignorant and an
97:24:52anarchist,
97:24:54someone who wanted to tear down the
97:24:56government.
97:25:10Now, we're going to hear a question. I
97:25:12want you to answer it loudly in full
97:25:16sentences. Okay, let's go.
97:25:20>> Is the car maker sitting in a courtroom?
97:25:30Yes.
97:25:32He sits in a small courtroom in
97:25:35Michigan.
97:25:37Did the newspaper call him a genius?
97:25:42or an anarchist.
97:25:49The Chicago Tribune called him ignorant
97:25:52and an anarchist.
97:25:56Where does he sit waiting for the next
97:25:59question?
97:26:05He sits patiently
97:26:07in the witness chair.
97:26:11Now, back to the story.
97:26:14>> Henry Ford sued for liel demanding a
97:26:18million dollars.
97:26:21In 1919, the case finally came to trial
97:26:25and the newspaper lawyers set out to
97:26:28prove the insult true.
97:26:42For days they questioned him not about
97:26:45cars but about history, politics and the
97:26:49meaning of everyday words.
97:27:02Awesome. without speaking turn.
97:27:05>> Did Ford sue for liel?
97:27:16Yes.
97:27:17Henry Ford sued for liel demanding a
97:27:21million.
97:27:24Did the lawyers ask about cars or about
97:27:28history?
97:27:36They questioned him not about cars but
97:27:39about history and politics.
97:27:43When did the case come to trial?
97:27:51The case came to trial in 1919.
97:27:57Now stories calling us. Let's continue.
97:28:01asked who Benedict Arnold was, a traitor
97:28:05every American school child learns
97:28:07about. He said he thought Arnold was a
97:28:12writer.
97:28:16[laughter]
97:28:24Reporters filled their notebooks and
97:28:26newspapers laughed at the man who had
97:28:29built an empire yet could not name a
97:28:33famous traitor.
97:28:45Spotlight now is on you. I want you to
97:28:48answer the questions by actually
97:28:51talking. Let's go.
97:28:53Did Ford know who the traitor Benedict
97:28:56Arnold was?
97:29:04No. He said he thought Arnold was a
97:29:08writer.
97:29:10Did the newspapers praise him or laugh
97:29:14at him?
97:29:21Newspapers laughed at the man who could
97:29:25not name a famous traitor.
97:29:29What did the reporters do?
97:29:35Reporters filled their notebooks.
97:29:39>> Okay, now listening mode.
97:29:42>> At this point, most of us have already
97:29:45judged him.
97:29:48Rich and powerful, he appears to be
97:29:51guilty of plain ignorance.
97:30:04Napoleon Hill retells this courtroom
97:30:07scene in Think and Grow Rich. And in his
97:30:11version, the trial turns on one moment.
97:30:28Here's where you do the talking. Go
97:30:31ahead and talk and build me full
97:30:34sentences.
97:30:36Does he appear to be guilty
97:30:39of plain ignorance?
97:30:47Yes, at this point he appears to be
97:30:50guilty of plain ignorance.
97:30:54Does Hill retell this courtroom scene
97:30:59or ignore it?
97:31:06Napoleon Hill retells this courtroom
97:31:09scene in Think and Grow Rich.
97:31:14In Hill's version, what does the trial
97:31:17turn on?
97:31:22The trial turns on one moment.
97:31:27>> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the
97:31:30story.
97:31:32Tired of the questions, Hill writes,
97:31:35Ford leaned forward and pointed at the
97:31:38lawyer who had asked them.
97:31:48He said he had a row of buttons on his
97:31:52desk.
97:31:54By pressing one, he could summon someone
97:31:57to answer almost any question.
97:32:13Let's see what stayed in your mind.
97:32:16Let's go.
97:32:17>> Did Ford point at the lawyer?
97:32:26Yes. He leaned forward and pointed at
97:32:30the lawyer.
97:32:32Were the buttons on his desk or in his
97:32:36car?
97:32:39The buttons were on his desk.
97:32:43Whom could he summon by pressing a
97:32:45button?
97:32:51He could summon someone to answer almost
97:32:54any question.
97:32:57So smooth. Awesome. Now let's listen.
97:33:02>> Why, he asked should he clutter his mind
97:33:05with general facts when the people
97:33:08around him could supply them.
97:33:20Suddenly the scene looks different.
97:33:24The ignorant anarchist of the headlines
97:33:27becomes a man who knows exactly where
97:33:30knowledge lives.
97:33:44Every sentence, speak it out loud. Okay,
97:33:47let's go.
97:33:49Did Ford want to clutter his mind with
97:33:52general facts?
97:34:00No.
97:34:02He asked why he should clutter his mind
97:34:05with general facts.
97:34:08Is he still the ignorant anarchist
97:34:12or something else?
97:34:20The ignorant anarchist becomes a man who
97:34:23knows where knowledge lives,
97:34:26who could supply the facts.
97:34:32The people around him could supply them.
97:34:36>> Good job. Let's continue the story.
97:34:39In Hills reading, Ford was highly
97:34:42educated in the skill that mattered most
97:34:45to him, finding and organizing
97:34:48expertise.
97:35:00Maybe it happened like that.
97:35:03Or maybe Hill, who loved a strong
97:35:06ending, polished it. The reply seems to
97:35:10live mainly in his book.
97:35:24Speaking time. Try answering with words
97:35:28you just heard. Go ahead.
97:35:31>> Does the reply seem to live mainly in
97:35:35Hills book?
97:35:43Yes,
97:35:45the reply seems to live mainly in his
97:35:49book.
97:35:51Was Ford educated in history
97:35:54or in finding expertise?
97:36:03He was highly educated in finding and
97:36:05organizing expertise.
97:36:09What might Hill have done to the story?
97:36:18Maybe Hill, who loved a strong ending,
97:36:22polished it.
97:36:25>> Great answers. Let's see what happens
97:36:27now.
97:36:29What is on record is quieter.
97:36:34The jury agreed he had been lieled and
97:36:37then awarded him six cents.
97:36:53So neither side truly won. And to some
97:36:56extent, the question the trial raised is
97:37:00still worth asking.
97:37:11>> Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to
97:37:13answer the questions?
97:37:15>> Did the jury agree he had been liable?
97:37:24Yes,
97:37:26the jury agreed he had been liable.
97:37:30Did he win a million
97:37:34or six cents?
97:37:41The jury awarded him six cents.
97:37:46Why is the trial's question still worth
97:37:49asking?
97:37:57Neither side truly won. So to some
97:38:01extent, it is still worth asking.
97:38:06>> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's
97:38:09keep it up and jump into the story.
97:38:13Is someone who cannot recite history
97:38:16ignorant?
97:38:18[clears throat] Or is ignorance
97:38:21not knowing where to look or whom to
97:38:25ask.
97:38:37Ford's real strength was arguably the
97:38:39team he gathered.
97:38:41Engineers whose expertise covered
97:38:44precisely what he did not know.
97:38:58Now it's yours. Go ahead and talk loudly
97:39:02as much as you can.
97:39:04Is someone who cannot recite history
97:39:07ignorant?
97:39:15No.
97:39:17Ignorance is arguably not knowing where
97:39:20to look or whom to ask.
97:39:24Was Ford's real strength his memory
97:39:28or his team?
97:39:35Ford's real strength was arguably the
97:39:38team he gathered.
97:39:41What did his engineers expertise cover?
97:39:51Their expertise covered precisely
97:39:54what he did not know.
97:39:58>> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep
97:40:00moving.
97:40:02For Hill, knowing where to find
97:40:04knowledge was itself a kind of
97:40:06knowledge, arguably the most valuable
97:40:10kind.
97:40:20There is a trap hidden in this story,
97:40:22though, and it matters for anyone
97:40:25learning a language.
97:40:34All right, time to prove your focusing.
97:40:38Let's jump into it.
97:40:40>> For Hill
97:40:42is finding knowledge
97:40:44a kind of knowledge.
97:40:53Yes,
97:40:55for Hill it was arguably the most
97:40:58valuable kind.
97:41:01Is the trap hidden in this story or
97:41:06obvious?
97:41:10There is a trap hidden in this story.
97:41:15Who does the trap matter for?
97:41:22It matters for anyone learning a
97:41:25language.
97:41:28>> Here's on. Now, let's come to the next
97:41:30part.
97:41:31>> Ford could press a button in his office.
97:41:35In the middle of a conversation in
97:41:37English, there is no button to summon
97:41:41help.
97:41:51Nobody can supply your next sentence
97:41:55while a stranger waits
97:41:58or an examiner listens.
97:42:09No pressure. Um, honestly, a little bit
97:42:12pressure. I want you to answer the
97:42:14questions in full sentences.
97:42:18>> Is there a button to summon help in an
97:42:21English conversation?
97:42:29No. In the middle of a conversation in
97:42:32English, there is no button.
97:42:36Can someone supply your next sentence?
97:42:41or nobody
97:42:48nobody can supply your next sentence
97:42:52while a stranger waits.
97:42:55Where could Ford press a button?
97:43:03Ford could press a button in his office.
97:43:08Now this is the last part. Let's bring
97:43:11it home.
97:43:13>> So think of your learning in two parts.
97:43:18What you carry in your head
97:43:21and what you know how to find.
97:43:35The words you use every day must live in
97:43:40your head.
97:43:43Everything else can live on a shelf or
97:43:46in a teacher
97:43:48without cluttering your mind.
97:44:01You do not need to recite everything.
97:44:06Carry what you use every day.
97:44:10Know where to find the rest.
97:44:24All right, final questions. I want you
97:44:27to answer full sentences and let's go.
97:44:31Do you need to recite everything?
97:44:39No, you do not need to recite
97:44:42everything.
97:44:44Should everyday words live in your head
97:44:49or on a shelf?
97:44:56The words you use every day must live in
97:45:00your head.
97:45:02What can live on a shelf without
97:45:05cluttering your mind?
97:45:13Everything else can live on a shelf or
97:45:16in a teacher.
97:45:25The grammar we practice today, hedging,
97:45:29rich and powerful, he appears to be
97:45:32guilty of plain ignorance.
97:45:36Or maybe Hill, who loved a strong
97:45:38ending, polished it. The reply seems to
97:45:41live mainly in his book.
97:45:45So neither side truly won, and to some
97:45:48extent, the question the trial raised is
97:45:51still worth asking.
97:45:55Ford's real strength was arguably the
97:45:57team he gathered, engineers whose
97:46:00expertise covered precisely what he did
97:46:02not know.
97:46:10Congratulations.
97:46:12You practiced 59 words in this story and
97:46:16you learned a lot.
97:46:20Okay.
97:46:29So if you think about it, you're
97:46:31learning
97:46:33very key lessons that are going to
97:46:36improve your your your whole mindset.
97:46:39That's amazing.
97:46:41Hard things about hard things.
97:46:48Um
97:47:03Wow, that's amazing. Let's get into the
97:47:06story. Who tells them?
97:47:08>> Who tells them
97:47:09>> from the book The Hard Thing About Hard
97:47:12Things by Ben Horowitz.
97:47:17Layoff
97:47:19gladly.
97:47:21Paperwork
97:47:23relieved.
97:47:26Teammate
97:47:28soften.
97:47:31Dignity.
97:47:33Human resources.
97:47:36Reasoning.
97:47:38Keep your distance.
97:47:42Some decisions look like paperwork.
97:47:47This one shaped how hundreds of people
97:47:50would remember their worst day at work.
97:48:04Ben Horowitz was running a young
97:48:07technology company when the internet
97:48:10bubble burst in the early 2000s.
97:48:14Customers
97:48:15vanished and money ran short.
97:48:30That's amazing. I want you to listen to
97:48:33the questions and answer in sentences.
97:48:37Build full sentences, not just words.
97:48:40Okay, let's go.
97:48:42Can some decisions look like paperwork?
97:48:52Yes.
97:48:54Some decisions look like paperwork.
97:48:59Did the bubble burst in the early 2000s
97:49:03or the 1990s?
97:49:10The internet bubble burst in the early
97:49:132000s.
97:49:16What happened to customers and money?
97:49:24Customers vanished and money ran short.
97:49:30>> Now back to the story.
97:49:34>> The company could not survive at its
97:49:36size.
97:49:38He would have to lay people off more
97:49:40than once.
97:49:51In the hard thing about hard things, he
97:49:54describes those years with unusual
97:49:57cander and he does not blame bad luck.
97:50:13speaking time. I don't want you to
97:50:14overthink it. Just open your mouth and
97:50:17just talk whatever you remember from the
97:50:20story.
97:50:22>> Could the company survive at its size?
97:50:32>> No.
97:50:33The company could not survive at its
97:50:36size.
97:50:38Does Horowitz blame bad luck or not?
97:50:47He does not blame bad luck.
97:50:51What would he have to do more than once?
97:51:00He would have to lay people off more
97:51:03than once.
97:51:06>> Okay, now listening mode.
97:51:09>> Every layoff raises a practical
97:51:11question.
97:51:13Who will deliver the news to each
97:51:16person?
97:51:24Most companies let human resources or an
97:51:27outside firm handle the conversations
97:51:30and the paperwork while managers stay
97:51:33out of the room.
97:51:45All right, time to prove your focusing.
97:51:49Let's jump into it.
97:51:51>> Does every layoff raise a practical
97:51:54question?
97:52:01>> Yes.
97:52:03Every layoff raises a practical
97:52:06question.
97:52:08In most companies, do managers deliver
97:52:11the news or human resources?
97:52:21Most companies let human resources or an
97:52:24outside firm handle the conversations.
97:52:28What else do they handle besides the
97:52:31conversations?
97:52:37They handle the conversations
97:52:40and the paperwork.
97:52:44All right, let's see if you've guessed
97:52:45it right. Let's go to the next part of
97:52:47the story.
97:52:49>> Now, imagine you are one of those
97:52:51managers.
97:52:53You hired these people and you know
97:52:56their family's names.
97:53:07Would you not be relieved if someone
97:53:10else did it?
97:53:12You could keep your distance. No tears,
97:53:15no anger, no questions you cannot
97:53:18answer.
97:53:31Okay, voice is up. Now, here comes the
97:53:34questions.
97:53:36>> Did you hire these people?
97:53:45Yes,
97:53:47you hired these people
97:53:50and you know their famil family's names.
97:53:55Would you be relieved or upset if
97:53:59someone else did it?
97:54:05You would be relieved if someone else
97:54:08did it.
97:54:10What could you do if someone else did
97:54:14it?
97:54:18You could keep your distance.
97:54:22>> That was amazing. Now, let's continue
97:54:25and enjoy the story.
97:54:27>> Many decent managers would take that
97:54:30exit gladly,
97:54:32and their reasoning would sound kind,
97:54:35gentler, more neutral.
97:54:49Horowitz refused.
97:54:53His rule was simple and strict.
97:54:57He insisted that every manager
97:55:00personally lay off the people who report
97:55:03to them.
97:55:15Did that make sense? Now let's check.
97:55:19Would many managers take that exit
97:55:22gladly?
97:55:29Yes,
97:55:31many decent managers would take that
97:55:34exit gladly.
97:55:37Did Horovitz accept that exit or refuse?
97:55:44Harovitz refused?
97:55:48What did he insist that every manager
97:55:51do?
97:55:58He insisted that every manager
97:56:00personally lay off the people who report
97:56:03to them.
97:56:05>> Now stories calling us. Let's continue.
97:56:09>> He demanded that nobody passed the job
97:56:12to human resources, a tougher colleague
97:56:15or an outside firm.
97:56:18Whoever hired you would tell you.
97:56:33He also insisted that the message be
97:56:35honest.
97:56:37No manager could soften it into a story
97:56:41about cleaning up weak performers.
97:56:56No, the floor is yours. Let's go. Did he
97:57:00demand that nobody pass the job to human
97:57:03resources?
97:57:10Yes,
97:57:12he demanded that nobody passed the job
97:57:15to human resources.
97:57:18Did he insist that the message be honest
97:57:22or kind?
97:57:27He insisted that the message be honest.
97:57:32What could no manager soften the message
97:57:35into?
97:57:42No manager could soften it into a story
97:57:45about cleaning up weak performers.
97:57:50>> Nice one. Let's continue.
97:57:53>> The message had to be that the company
97:57:56had failed
97:57:58and that to move forward
97:58:01it would lose some excellent people.
97:58:07His
97:58:14reasoning was about respect and dignity.
97:58:19Someone who gave you their effort
97:58:22deserves to hear the news from you face
97:58:25to face.
97:58:39Okay, questions time.
97:58:42>> Was the message that the workers had
97:58:44failed?
97:58:52>> No.
97:58:53The message had to be that the company
97:58:57had failed.
97:58:59Was his reasoning about money or about
97:59:03respect and dignity?
97:59:06[clears throat]
97:59:10His reasoning was about respect and
97:59:14dignity.
97:59:16How should someone hear the news?
97:59:24They deserve to hear the news from you
97:59:27face to face.
97:59:30Now relax your voice and let's continue
97:59:33listening.
97:59:35>> Afterwards, it was vital that leaders
97:59:37stay visible.
97:59:40Help people pack, walk them out, and
97:59:43thank them for what they had built.
97:59:56He also spoke carefully to the teammates
97:59:59who stayed because they were watching
98:00:02how the company trained people on a bad
98:00:05day.
98:00:17That's amazing. Now you want to speak
98:00:19what you have read and listened.
98:00:22>> Was it vital that leaders stay visible?
98:00:31Yes, it was vital that leaders stay
98:00:35visible.
98:00:37Did he ignore the teammates who stayed
98:00:41or speak to them?
98:00:46He spoke carefully to the teammates who
98:00:49stayed.
98:00:52What were the teammates who stayed
98:00:54watching?
98:01:00They were watching how the company
98:01:03treated people on a bad day.
98:01:07>> Here's odd. Now let's come to the next
98:01:09part.
98:01:12>> None of this made the pain disappear.
98:01:15[sighs and gasps]
98:01:20One angry employee, he recalls, accused
98:01:25him of lying.
98:01:28Layoffs remain brutal, whatever the
98:01:32method.
98:01:44Even so, the company kept its culture
98:01:46and many of its best people through
98:01:48several rounds of cuts, and years later,
98:01:53it was sold.
98:02:05>> Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to
98:02:07answer the questions?
98:02:09Did any of this make the pain disappear?
98:02:18No.
98:02:20None of this made the pain disappear.
98:02:25Are layoffs gentle or brutal?
98:02:33Layoffs remain brutal whatever the
98:02:36method.
98:02:38What did the company keep through the
98:02:40cuts?
98:02:47The company kept its culture and many of
98:02:51its best people.
98:02:54>> Great job. Now, back to the story.
98:02:58>> Respect is easy on good days.
98:03:02It is tested on the hardest ones.
98:03:06When every instinct tells you to keep
98:03:10your distance,
98:03:22you will face smaller versions of this.
98:03:26A teammate who failed, a student you
98:03:30must correct,
98:03:32a friend you must disappoint.
98:03:47Okay, let's pause for a second. Now I'm
98:03:49going to ask you questions. Now it's
98:03:50over to you to answer them.
98:03:53>> Is respect easy on good days?
98:04:02Yes, respect is easy on good days.
98:04:07Does instinct tell you to come closer or
98:04:11to keep your distance?
98:04:18Every instinct tells you to keep your
98:04:21distance.
98:04:24Who will you face in smaller versions of
98:04:27this?
98:04:34You will face a template who failed
98:04:38or a student you must correct.
98:04:42>> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's
98:04:46keep it up and jump into the story.
98:04:49>> The easy route is always available.
98:04:53Send a message. Let someone else say it.
98:04:56or soften the truth until it means
98:05:00nothing.
98:05:13Many of us would take it gladly and feel
98:05:16relieved for an hour.
98:05:19The other person would remember it far
98:05:22longer.
98:05:34Awesome. Quiz time. Let's jump into it.
98:05:38>> Is the easy route always available?
98:05:46Yes,
98:05:48the easy route is always available.
98:05:52Would we feel relieved for an hour or
98:05:57for years?
98:06:03Many of us would take it gladly and feel
98:06:06relieved for an hour.
98:06:09What can you do to the truth?
98:06:17You can soften the truth until it means
98:06:20nothing.
98:06:22Now, this is the time for the ending of
98:06:24the story. And here's the important the
98:06:27most important part basically. Let's
98:06:29continue.
98:06:30Respect demands that you show up
98:06:34yourself.
98:06:36Say plainly what happened
98:06:40and stay while the other person reacts.
98:06:55Serving people is also about the dignity
98:06:58you leave them on a bad day.
98:07:07So when the difficult conversation is
98:07:09yours, keep one rule.
98:07:13Deliver it yourself.
98:07:16Tell the truth
98:07:19and stay afterwards.
98:07:33Last questions. Finish the story with
98:07:37the best answers possible.
98:07:40>> Does respect demand that you show up
98:07:43yourself?
98:07:50Yes,
98:07:52respect demands that you show up
98:07:55yourself.
98:07:57Should you leave early or stay
98:08:00afterwards?
98:08:08You should deliver it yourself, tell the
98:08:11truth, and stay afterwards.
98:08:16What do you leave people on a bad day?
98:08:26Serving people is also about the dignity
98:08:30you leave them on a bad day.
98:08:40The grammar we practice today, the
98:08:43subjunctive. His rule was simple and
98:08:46strict. He insisted that every manager
98:08:49personally lay off the people who report
98:08:51to them.
98:08:54He demanded that nobody pass the job to
98:08:57human resources, a tougher colleague or
98:08:59an outside firm.
98:09:03He also insisted that the message be
98:09:06honest.
98:09:09Afterwards, it was vital that leaders
98:09:12stay visible, help people pack, walk
98:09:15them out, and thank them for what they
98:09:17had built.
98:09:25Congratulations.
98:09:27You practiced 513 words in this story
98:09:31and you learned a lot.
98:09:35>> Awesome. A full story in English.
98:09:44That's a huge huge achievement.
98:09:50Great job. So, let me stop you here for
98:09:53a second.
98:09:58people who have
98:10:15Um,
98:10:33Instagram, Tik Tok
98:10:40foreign.
98:10:55So,
98:11:04so
98:11:07fores.
98:11:19Uh, so
98:11:58writing.
98:12:00Writing
98:12:02I will say
98:12:21writing.
98:12:30Uh, so
98:12:47activities
98:12:58Fore
98:13:26meaning there's
98:13:39listening, reading, speaking, writing.
98:13:55Awesome.
98:14:20Onward
98:14:25Starbucks. Okay.
98:14:37Let's get into the story. The memo that
98:14:39leaked.
98:14:41>> The memo that leaked from the book
98:14:44onward by Howard Schultz.
98:14:48>> Precious.
98:14:50Precious.
98:14:53Precious.
98:14:55Precious,
98:14:58precious,
98:15:00precious,
98:15:02precious.
98:15:04Water down,
98:15:07precious,
98:15:10precious.
98:15:12The watering down of the Starbucks
98:15:16experience.
98:15:19Howard Schultz wrote those words in
98:15:22February 2007
98:15:24about the company he had built.
98:15:38In about 10 years, Starbucks had grown
98:15:41from fewer than a thousand stores to
98:15:44roughly 13,000.
98:15:55That's amazing. I want you to listen to
98:15:59the questions and answer in sentences.
98:16:02Build [clears throat] full sentences,
98:16:04not just words. Okay, let's go.
98:16:07>> Did Schulz write about the watering down
98:16:11of the experience?
98:16:19Yes,
98:16:21he wrote about the watering down of the
98:16:24Starbucks [clears throat] experience.
98:16:27Did he write those words in 2007
98:16:31or 2017?
98:16:39Howard Schultz wrote those words in
98:16:41February 2007.
98:16:45How many stores did Starbucks grow to?
98:16:54Starbucks had grown to roughly 13,000
98:16:58stores.
98:17:01>> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the
98:17:03story.
98:17:05By any normal measure, it was a triumph.
98:17:10Sales were rising and investors were
98:17:12delighted.
98:17:21He was chairman then, no longer running
98:17:24the company dayto-day.
98:17:27Yet he was worried.
98:17:29So he wrote a memo to its senior
98:17:32leaders.
98:17:45speaking time. Try answering with words
98:17:49you just heard. Go ahead.
98:17:52>> By any normal measure, was it a triumph?
98:18:02Yes.
98:18:03By any normal measure, it was a triumph.
98:18:09Was he chief executive then or chairman?
98:18:18He was chairman then, no longer running
98:18:21the company dayto-day.
98:18:24[clears throat] What did he write to his
98:18:26senior leaders?
98:18:31He wrote a memo to its senior leaders.
98:18:37>> See, English is already coming out of
98:18:40you. Now listen and let's continue.
98:18:43>> In it, he listed decisions that had each
98:18:46made sense of the time.
98:18:49Everyone had helped the company grow
98:18:52faster.
98:19:03Take the espresso machines.
98:19:06The old ones were worked by hand and
98:19:09customers could watch the barista grind,
98:19:13press and pour.
98:19:26No pressure. Um, honestly, a little bit
98:19:29pressure. I want you to answer the
98:19:31questions in full sentences.
98:19:34Had each decision made sense at the
98:19:37time?
98:19:43Yes. The decisions had each made sense
98:19:47at the time.
98:19:49Were the old espresso machines automatic
98:19:53or worked by hand?
98:19:59The old ones were worked by hand.
98:20:03What could customers watch the barista
98:20:06do?
98:20:13Customers could watch the barista grind,
98:20:16press, and pour.
98:20:19>> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's
98:20:22keep it up and jump into the story.
98:20:26>> The arrival of automatic machines
98:20:29brought speed and consistency.
98:20:33They were also taller and blocked the
98:20:36customer's view of the drink being made.
98:20:50Then was the coffee.
98:20:53Beans had once been scooped from bins in
98:20:56front of customers, filling the shop
98:20:59with their aroma.
98:21:11Let's hear you. Now it's your turn to
98:21:12speak.
98:21:14>> Did the arrival of automatic machines
98:21:17bring speed?
98:21:25Yes,
98:21:27the arrival of automatic machines
98:21:29brought speed and consistency.
98:21:34Were the new machines shorter or taller?
98:21:44They were taller and blocked the
98:21:47customer's view of the drink being made.
98:21:51What filled the shop when beans were
98:21:54scooped?
98:21:59The beans filled the shop with their
98:22:03aroma.
98:22:06>> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen.
98:22:10>> The switch to sealed bags kept coffee
98:22:13fresh across thousands of stores.
98:22:16Freshness improved
98:22:19while the aroma in the store faded.
98:22:34Each change had a good reason.
98:22:38Together, he argued they had watered
98:22:41down the experience, draining the stores
98:22:44of their soul.
98:22:47until they felt like a chain.
98:23:01Great speaking time. Now, let's jump
98:23:04into the speaking time.
98:23:08>> Did the switch to sealed bags keep
98:23:11coffee fresh?
98:23:19Yes, the switch to sealed bags kept
98:23:23coffee fresh across thousands of stores.
98:23:28Did freshness improve or get worse?
98:23:37Freshness improved while the aroma in
98:23:40the store faded.
98:23:43What had the changes done to the
98:23:45experience?
98:23:53They had watered down the experience,
98:23:57draining the stores of their soul.
98:24:01>> Okay, now listening mode.
98:24:04He named the danger with a heavy word,
98:24:09commoditization.
98:24:12Starbucks was starting to look like any
98:24:16other coffee shop.
98:24:28The memo was meant to stay inside the
98:24:31company.
98:24:33Within 10 days, its appearance on a
98:24:36public blog had reporters quoting it.
98:24:52Okay, questions time. Let's jump into
98:24:54it.
98:24:56>> Was the memo meant to stay inside the
98:24:59company?
98:25:05>> Yes.
98:25:07The memo was meant to stay inside the
98:25:10company.
98:25:12Did Starbucks look special or like any
98:25:16other coffee shop?
98:25:22Starbucks was starting to look like any
98:25:25other coffee shop.
98:25:28What had reporters quoting the memo?
98:25:37Its appearance on a public blog had
98:25:40reporters quoting it.
98:25:44>> All right, let's see if you've guessed
98:25:45it right. Let's go to the next part of
98:25:47the story.
98:25:49>> Here is the first irony.
98:25:52A warning written privately for a few
98:25:55leaders was suddenly heard by everyone
98:25:59including competitors.
98:26:06Here
98:26:12is the second.
98:26:15Heard by everyone. It seemed to change
98:26:18little inside the company for most of
98:26:20that year.
98:26:23The tall machines stayed.
98:26:31Awesome.
98:26:38Now it's speaking turn.
98:26:41>> Was the warning written for everyone?
98:26:50No.
98:26:52It was written privately for a few
98:26:56leaders.
98:26:57Did the memo change a lot or little
98:27:01inside the company?
98:27:09It seemed to change little inside the
98:27:12company for most of that year.
98:27:15What stayed?
98:27:21The tall machines stayed.
98:27:26Nice one. Let's continue.
98:27:29>> Within a year came a decline in customer
98:27:32visits
98:27:35and a sharp fall in the share price.
98:27:40His return as chief executive followed
98:27:43in January 2008.
98:27:56In onward, he describes the closure of
98:28:00thousands of American stores for 3 hours
98:28:03one evening to retrain baristas in
98:28:06making espresso properly.
98:28:21Okay, speaking time, speak your mind.
98:28:25>> Was there a decline in customer visits?
98:28:34>> Yes.
98:28:35Within a year came a decline in customer
98:28:39visits.
98:28:40Did his return come in January 2008
98:28:45or 2010?
98:28:53His return as chief executive followed
98:28:56in January 2008.
98:29:00What was the closure of thousands of
98:29:03stores for?
98:29:10It was to retrain baristas in making
98:29:13espresso properly.
98:29:17>> Now relax your voice and let's continue
98:29:20listening.
98:29:22>> The retraining cost money and invited
98:29:25jokes.
98:29:27It also admitted in public [laughter]
98:29:30that growth had slowly drained away
98:29:33something precious.
98:29:46He had learned that growth that loses
98:29:49the soul of the work is decline.
98:29:55Even while the numbers still look like a
98:29:57triumph,
98:30:10>> let's turn those ears into voice.
98:30:14>> Did the retraining cost money?
98:30:23Yes,
98:30:25the retraining cost money and invited
98:30:29jokes.
98:30:31Had growth drained away something cheap
98:30:35or something precious.
98:30:42Growth had slowly drained away something
98:30:46precious.
98:30:48What is growth that loses the soul of
98:30:51the work?
98:30:58Growth that loses the soul of the work
98:31:02is decline.
98:31:05>> Great job. Now, back to the story.
98:31:09>> Ambitious people are especially exposed
98:31:11to this trap.
98:31:14We love growth, so we count followers,
98:31:18hours, and pages.
98:31:31You finish more lessons every week, yet
98:31:34the freshness has gone.
98:31:37Somewhere along the way, you stopped
98:31:39listening closely or speaking aloud.
98:31:55>> Okay, questions time.
98:31:58>> Are ambitious people exposed to this
98:32:02trap?
98:32:10Yes,
98:32:12ambitious people are especially exposed
98:32:15to this trap.
98:32:18Has the freshness stayed
98:32:22or gone?
98:32:28The freshness has gone. You stopped
98:32:32listening closely.
98:32:34What do we count?
98:32:41We count followers, hours, and pages.
98:32:47>> Good job. Let's continue the story.
98:32:51>> The numbers look better every month.
98:32:55Meanwhile, the most precious part of
98:32:57your practice, slow and careful
98:33:00attention, has been automated away.
98:33:15Nobody writes you a memo about it. You
98:33:19have to notice it yourself before an
98:33:22exam or an interview does.
98:33:34A quick check before we move on. I want
98:33:37you to answer these questions.
98:33:40>> Do the numbers look better every month?
98:33:49Yes,
98:33:50the numbers look better every month.
98:33:55Will somebody write you a memo or must
98:33:59you notice it?
98:34:07Nobody writes your memo.
98:34:10You have to notice it yourself.
98:34:14What is the most precious part of your
98:34:17practice?
98:34:24The most precious part of your practice
98:34:27is slow and careful attention.
98:34:32>> Now, this is the final part. I want you
98:34:34to focus and jump into it.
98:34:38>> So, look honestly at your routine.
98:34:42What change did you make for speed that
98:34:46now blocks your view of the real work?
98:35:01And what would it take to close your own
98:35:04shop for one evening and learn to make
98:35:07the espresso properly again?
98:35:20The last round of questions. Let's end
98:35:23on a high note. Okay, let's go.
98:35:27>> Should you look honestly at your
98:35:29routine?
98:35:35>> Yes.
98:35:37Look honestly at your routine.
98:35:41Did you make that change for speed or
98:35:45for quality?
98:35:52You made the change for speed
98:35:56and now it blocks your view.
98:36:00What could you learn to make properly
98:36:02again?
98:36:08You could learn to make the espresso
98:36:11properly. Again,
98:36:20the grammar we practice today,
98:36:23nominalization.
98:36:25The arrival of automatic machines
98:36:27brought speed and consistency.
98:36:31The switch to sealed bags kept coffee
98:36:34fresh across thousands of stores.
98:36:39Within 10 days, its appearance on a
98:36:42public blog had reporters quoting it.
98:36:48Within a year came a decline in customer
98:36:51visits and a sharp fall in the share
98:36:53price.
98:36:56Congratulations.
98:37:03You practiced 515 words in this story
98:37:07and you learned a lot.
98:37:10>> That's awesome.
98:37:17Congratulations
98:37:19and let's keep going.
98:37:21Ego is the enemy.
98:37:43is
98:37:50worse.
98:38:01Let's jump into the story. Stainless.
98:38:04>> Stainless from the book. Ego is the
98:38:08enemy by Ryan Holiday.
98:38:11Charismatic.
98:38:14Bankrupt.
98:38:16Collector.
98:38:18Cult.
98:38:20Icon.
98:38:22Cease.
98:38:25Stainless.
98:38:27Restore.
98:38:30Gifted.
98:38:32Harden.
98:38:35It is still one of the most recognizable
98:38:38cars ever made.
98:38:41Brushed stainless steel,
98:38:44no paint,
98:38:46and doors that lift like wings.
98:39:02The man whose name it carries had once
98:39:05been one of the brightest stars in the
98:39:08American car industry.
98:39:18That's amazing. I want you to listen to
98:39:21the questions and answer in sentences.
98:39:25Build full sentences, not just words.
98:39:27Okay, let's go.
98:39:30Is the car made of brushed stainless
98:39:33steel?
98:39:41Yes,
98:39:42the car has brushed stainless steel, no
98:39:47paint, and doors that lift like wings.
98:39:53Do its doors lift like wings or slide
98:39:57like windows?
98:40:02Its doors lift like wings?
98:40:06who had once been one of the brightest
98:40:09stars.
98:40:17The man whose name the car catis
98:40:21had once been one of the brightest
98:40:23stars.
98:40:26>> That was amazing. Now, let's continue
98:40:29and enjoy the story. At General Motors,
98:40:33John Delorean was the rebel who
98:40:35delivered.
98:40:37Creating hit cars, bending rules, and
98:40:41climbing faster than almost anyone.
98:40:55He was charismatic and famously
98:40:58impatient with committees.
98:41:01And for years that confidence did make
98:41:04him valuable.
98:41:16>> Okay, questions time.
98:41:20>> Did his confidence make him valuable?
98:41:29>> Yes.
98:41:30For years his confidence did make him
98:41:34valuable.
98:41:36Was he charismatic or shy?
98:41:45He was charismatic
98:41:48and famously impatient with committees.
98:41:52Where did John Delorean climb faster
98:41:55than almost anyone?
98:42:02He climbed faster than almost anyone at
98:42:06General Motors.
98:42:09>> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen.
98:42:13>> In 1973,
98:42:15he left one of the top jobs in the
98:42:17company, convinced he could build a
98:42:21better car on his own terms.
98:42:25His
98:42:36new company promised a safe, longlasting
98:42:40stainless steel sports car.
98:42:44Investors
98:42:45and even a national government wanted to
98:42:49believe.
98:43:02Every sentence,
98:43:04speak it out loud. Okay, let's go.
98:43:07>> Did he stay at General Motors after
98:43:111973?
98:43:21No.
98:43:23In 1973,
98:43:25he left one of the top jobs in the
98:43:28company.
98:43:29Did his company promise a stainless
98:43:33steel car or a cheap car?
98:43:43It promised a safe, longlasting
98:43:46stainless steel sports car
98:43:50who wanted to believe in the new
98:43:53company.
98:43:59Investors and even a national government
98:44:03wanted to believe.
98:44:06>> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's
98:44:09keep it up and jump into the story.
98:44:12>> The British government funded a factory
98:44:15in Northern Ireland, hoping it would
98:44:17bring thousands of jobs to a troubled
98:44:20region.
98:44:30On paper, it was a triumph of vision.
98:44:35Inside the problems were piling up
98:44:39faster than the cars.
98:44:52Now the table's turn. I'm going to ask
98:44:55you questions. You're going to do the
98:44:57talking. Let's go.
98:44:59>> Did the British government fund a
98:45:02factory?
98:45:08Yes, the British government did fund a
98:45:12factory in Northern Ireland.
98:45:16Was the factory in Northern Ireland or
98:45:20in America?
98:45:25The factory was in Northern Ireland.
98:45:30What was piling up faster than the cars
98:45:40inside? The problems were piling up
98:45:43faster than the cars.
98:45:47>> Great answers. Let's see what happens
98:45:50now.
98:45:51A car ended up heavy and underpowered,
98:45:56and its price arrived at roughly
98:45:58[snorts] double the figure first
98:46:00promised.
98:46:11Early cars suffered,
98:46:13doors stuck, parts failed, and dealers
98:46:18complained
98:46:20because everything had been rushed.
98:46:35Okay, let's pause for a second. Now, I'm
98:46:37going to ask you questions. Now it's
98:46:39over to you to answer them.
98:46:41>> Was the car light and powerful?
98:46:51No. The car ended up heavy and
98:46:56underpowered.
98:46:58Did the doors stick or work perfectly?
98:47:07The doors stuck and parts failed.
98:47:12Why did the early cars suffer?
98:47:19They suffered because everything had
98:47:21been rushed.
98:47:24>> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the
98:47:27story.
98:47:28By most accounts, including the one Ryan
98:47:32Holiday gives, the charismatic founder
98:47:35was often far from the details, busy
98:47:38with image and new ventures.
98:47:53Warnings did reach him.
98:47:56He seems to have treated them the way he
98:47:59had once treated committees, as
98:48:01obstacles raised by smaller minds.
98:48:18Speaking time. Try answering with words
98:48:21you just heard. Go ahead.
98:48:25Did warnings reach him?
98:48:31Yes, warnings did reach him.
98:48:36Was the charismatic founder close to the
98:48:40details
98:48:41or far from them?
98:48:48He was often far from the details, busy
98:48:52with image.
98:48:54How did he treat the warnings?
98:49:02He treated them as obstacles raised by
98:49:06smaller minds.
98:49:10>> Now story is calling us. Let's continue.
98:49:13>> The trait that had built his success was
98:49:17now shielding him from bad news. His
98:49:22confidence had hardened into a wall.
98:49:36In 1982,
98:49:38the company went bankrupt,
98:49:41far short of the sales it needed, and
98:49:44thousands of workers lost their jobs.
98:49:58A quick check before we move on. I want
98:50:01you to answer these questions.
98:50:04>> Did his confidence harden into a wall?
98:50:15Yes, his confidence had hardened into a
98:50:19wall.
98:50:21Did the company grow or go bankrupt in
98:50:261982?
98:50:32In 1982,
98:50:35the company went bankrupt.
98:50:38Who lost their jobs?
98:50:45Thousands of workers lost their jobs.
98:50:52See, English is already coming out of
98:50:54you. Now listen and let's continue.
98:50:58>> Thud.
98:51:00That is the sound those famous doors
98:51:03make when they close.
98:51:06And also the sound of a dream shutting
98:51:09on its dreamer.
98:51:22Then came the irony.
98:51:26In the years that followed, the car
98:51:28became a cult icon, restored and
98:51:32treasured by collectors around the
98:51:34world. [clears throat]
98:51:47Now the floor is yours. Let's go.
98:51:50>> Do the famous doors make a thud when
98:51:53they close?
98:52:01Yes,
98:52:02the doors do make a thud when they
98:52:05close.
98:52:07Did the car become a [clears throat]
98:52:09cult icon or a forgotten car?
98:52:17The car became a cult icon.
98:52:22Who restored and treasured the car?
98:52:30Collectors around the world restored and
98:52:33treasured it.
98:52:36>> Nice one. Let's continue.
98:52:39>> The car did finally achieve the fame its
98:52:43maker had wanted
98:52:46just after the company that built it had
98:52:49ceased to exist.
98:53:02collectors still restore those cars with
98:53:05love.
98:53:07Yet no cult icon can restore the jobs
98:53:11that were lost.
98:53:25Speaking time, I don't want you to
98:53:26overthink it. Just open your mouth and
98:53:29just talk whatever you remember from the
98:53:31story.
98:53:33>> Did the car finally achieve fame?
98:53:43Yes,
98:53:45the car did finally achieve the fame its
98:53:49maker had wanted.
98:53:52Had the company ceased to exist,
98:53:56or was it still building cars?
98:54:04The company that built it had ceased to
98:54:07exist.
98:54:09What can no cult icon restore?
98:54:18No cult icon can restore the jobs that
98:54:21were lost.
98:54:24>> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep
98:54:26moving.
98:54:28>> The lesson is not that Delorean lacked
98:54:31ability.
98:54:33His problem was that he believed his own
98:54:37story
98:54:39completely.
98:54:51Believing your own story can bankrupt
98:54:54you.
98:54:57It makes you hear warnings as insults
98:55:01and treat past success as proof of
98:55:04future success.
98:55:18>> Let's hear you. Now it's your turn to
98:55:19speak.
98:55:21Did Delorean have ability?
98:55:31Yes, Delorean did have ability.
98:55:36Was that he believed his own story?
98:55:40Can believing your own story make you
98:55:43rich or bankrupt?
98:55:52Believing your own story can bankrupt
98:55:56you.
98:55:58How does it make you hear warnings?
98:56:06It makes you hear warnings as insults.
98:56:12>> Okay. Now, listening mode.
98:56:16The most dangerous moment is often
98:56:19success
98:56:20when habits harden and people say the
98:56:23ordinary rules do not apply to you.
98:56:38You may have your own version. The
98:56:41student always top of the class or the
98:56:44employee everyone calls gifted.
98:56:57>> Awesome. Now it's speaking turn.
98:57:00>> Is failure always the most dangerous
98:57:03moment?
98:57:11No,
98:57:13the most dangerous moment is often
98:57:16success.
98:57:19Do habits harden or soften in success?
98:57:30Habits harden and people say the
98:57:34ordinary rules do not apply to you.
98:57:38What does everyone call the employee?
98:57:46Everyone calls the employee gifted.
98:57:51>> Now relax your voice and let's continue
98:57:54listening.
98:57:56>> Being gifted does matter.
98:58:01The danger is the temptation to cease
98:58:04checking the details because your
98:58:06reputation already feels like enough.
98:58:21Keep people near you who will say the
98:58:23doors are sticking
98:58:26and thank them when they do.
98:58:38Spotlight now is on you. I want you to
98:58:40answer the questions by actually
98:58:43talking. Let's go.
98:58:45>> Does being gifted matter?
98:58:54>> Yes,
98:58:55being gifted does matter.
98:58:59Is the danger to cease checking details
98:59:03or to check too much?
98:59:11The danger is the temptation to cease
98:59:15checking the details.
98:59:18Who should you keep near you?
98:59:25Keep people who will say the doors are
98:59:28sticking.
98:59:30>> And now the big finish.
98:59:34>> Money follows the same rule.
98:59:38Independence is built by reading your
98:59:41numbers honestly, [gasps]
98:59:43not by admiring your own legend.
98:59:58Confidence may build the car,
99:00:01and only humility keeps it on the road.
99:00:14Awesome. This is the final questions for
99:00:17this one. Go ahead. I don't want you to
99:00:19leave anything on the table. Try to
99:00:21answer every single question. Go ahead.
99:00:24>> Does money follow the same rule?
99:00:32>> Yes,
99:00:34money does follow the same rule.
99:00:38Is independence built by reading numbers
99:00:42or admiring your legend?
99:00:49It is built by reading your numbers
99:00:52honestly.
99:00:54What keeps the car on the road?
99:01:01Only humility keeps it on the road.
99:01:11The grammar we practice today, emphatic,
99:01:15do, did.
99:01:17He was charismatic and famously
99:01:20impatient with committees, and for years
99:01:22that confidence did make him valuable.
99:01:27Warnings did reach him.
99:01:32The car did finally achieve the fame its
99:01:34maker had wanted, just after the company
99:01:37that built it had ceased to exist.
99:01:42Being gifted does matter.
99:01:51Congratulations. You practiced 519
99:01:55words in this story and you learned a
99:01:58lot.
99:02:00>> Well done.
99:02:02And here's the thing.
99:02:05You are constantly learning something
99:02:08new. You're learning how to think in an
99:02:10ambitious way.
99:02:23And that's amazing.
99:02:25The power of habit.
99:02:37Let's get into the story. The finishing
99:02:40touch.
99:02:41>> The finishing touch from the book The
99:02:45Power of Habit by Charles Doohig.
99:02:50Relaunch.
99:02:53Marketer.
99:02:55Whiz.
99:02:57Overwhelming.
99:03:00Untouched.
99:03:02Attach
99:03:05perfume
99:03:07fabric
99:03:10finishing touch
99:03:13shrink.
99:03:15There is a comforting belief in
99:03:18business.
99:03:20Build something that genuinely works and
99:03:23customers will find it.
99:03:27A great product sells itself.
99:03:41In the mid 1990s, the consumer giant PNG
99:03:46had exactly that kind of product, a
99:03:50spray that could remove bad smells from
99:03:53almost any fabric.
99:04:07Now, we're going to hear a question. I
99:04:09want you to answer it loudly in full
99:04:13sentences. Okay, let's go.
99:04:17In the comforting belief, does a great
99:04:20product sell itself?
99:04:29Yes.
99:04:31In that belief, a great product sells
99:04:35itself.
99:04:37Did the spray remove smells from fabric
99:04:42or from metal?
99:04:48It removed bad smells from almost any
99:04:52fabric.
99:04:54When did PNG have that kind of product?
99:05:03PNG had that kind of product in the mid
99:05:061990s.
99:05:09>> That was amazing. Now, let's continue
99:05:12and enjoy the story. Smoke in a jacket,
99:05:16a dog on the sofa, odor in a car.
99:05:21Spray the fabric, let it dry, and gone
99:05:25was the smell.
99:05:38A young marketer named Drake Stimson,
99:05:41once a mathematics wiz, was put in
99:05:44charge of launching it.
99:05:46The product was called Febreze.
99:06:02Now the floor is yours. Let's go.
99:06:05After spraying, was the smell gone?
99:06:16Yes.
99:06:18Spray the fabric, let it dry, and gone
99:06:22was the smell.
99:06:24Was Stimson a marketer or a scientist?
99:06:34He was a young marketer, once a
99:06:38mathematics whiz.
99:06:40What was the product called?
99:06:46The product was called Febreze.
99:06:52Okay. Okay, now listening mode.
99:06:54>> The marketers were sure it would be a
99:06:57hit.
99:06:59Almost every home had some bad smell.
99:07:10They tested it in a few American cities
99:07:13with advertisements about unpleasant
99:07:16smells.
99:07:18Sales were tiny and within weeks they
99:07:22were shrinking.
99:07:35Spotlight now is on you. I want you to
99:07:38answer the questions by actually
99:07:41talking. Let's go.
99:07:43>> Were the marketers sure it would be a
99:07:46hit?
99:07:51Yes, the marketers were sure it would be
99:07:55a hit.
99:07:57Did sales grow or shrink?
99:08:05Within weeks, sales were shrinking.
99:08:09Where did they test it?
99:08:14They tested it in a few American cities.
99:08:18>> Now relax your voice and let's continue
99:08:21listening.
99:08:23>> Perfect as the product was, almost
99:08:27nobody seemed to want it.
99:08:30And not even a mathematics whiz could
99:08:32explain why.
99:08:44This is where the myth breaks.
99:08:49In the power of habit, Charles Doohig
99:08:53describes how the team went into homes
99:08:56to find out why.
99:09:10Let's hear you. Now it's your turn to
99:09:12speak.
99:09:13>> Could a mathematics whiz explain why
99:09:16nobody wanted it?
99:09:24No, not even a mathematics whiz could
99:09:27explain why.
99:09:30Was the product perfect or broken?
99:09:40Perfect as the product was, almost
99:09:42nobody seemed to want it.
99:09:46who describes how the team went into
99:09:49homes.
99:09:55Charles Doohig describes it in the power
99:09:59of habit.
99:10:02Here's on. Now, let's come to the next
99:10:04part.
99:10:05>> One visit stayed with them.
99:10:10A woman kept nine cats,
99:10:14and overwhelming as the smell was to the
99:10:17researchers,
99:10:18she noticed nothing.
99:10:33That was the whole problem in one room.
99:10:38People
99:10:40get used to the smells in their own
99:10:42homes, so they never feel the need.
99:10:58>> Now test yourself.
99:11:00>> Did the woman notice the smell of her
99:11:03cats?
99:11:10No.
99:11:13Overwhelming as the smell was to the
99:11:15researchers, she noticed nothing.
99:11:19Did she keep nine cats or nine dogs?
99:11:27She kept nine cats.
99:11:31Why do people never feel the need?
99:11:39They get used to the smells in their own
99:11:42homes.
99:11:45>> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen.
99:11:49>> Close to desperate, Stimson's team
99:11:52studied hours of video of people
99:11:54cleaning, searching for a routine the
99:11:57product could fit.
99:12:08Then they noticed something small.
99:12:13After cleaning a room, people often made
99:12:16a final little gesture like smoothing a
99:12:20bed cover.
99:12:33Okay, questions time. Let's jump into
99:12:36it.
99:12:38>> Did the team study hours of video?
99:12:47Yes. Stimson's team studied hours of
99:12:52video of people cleaning.
99:12:55Were they calm or close to desperate?
99:13:02They were close to desperate.
99:13:06What gesture did people make after
99:13:09cleaning?
99:13:15They made a final little gesture like
99:13:19smoothing a bed cover.
99:13:22>> Nice one. Let's continue.
99:13:26>> Strange as it seemed, one woman sprayed
99:13:30Fbreze at the end of her cleaning, not
99:13:33to kill a smell,
99:13:36but as a small reward.
99:13:51That little sound, he and his colleagues
99:13:53realized, could [snorts] be attached to
99:13:57the last step of an existing habit.
99:14:11>> Speaking time. Try answering with words
99:14:15you just heard. Go ahead.
99:14:18Did the woman spray for breeze to kill a
99:14:22smell?
99:14:29No.
99:14:31Strange as it seemed, she sprayed it as
99:14:34a small reward.
99:14:37Did she spray it at the start or the end
99:14:41of cleaning?
99:14:47She sprayed it at the end of her
99:14:51cleaning.
99:14:53What could the sound be attached to?
99:15:02It could be attached to the last step of
99:15:05an existing habit.
99:15:09>> See, English is already coming out of
99:15:12you. Now listen and let's continue.
99:15:16>> So for the relaunch, Stimson and his
99:15:18team added more perfume and new
99:15:21advertisements showed people spraying
99:15:24freshly cleaned rooms and newlymade
99:15:27beds.
99:15:40Fbreze was no longer a cure for bad
99:15:43smells.
99:15:45It was the finishing touch.
99:15:50After the relaunch in 1998, sales
99:15:53quickly doubled, an overwhelming
99:15:57response.
99:16:09>> Okay, let's pause for a second. Now, I'm
99:16:12going to ask you questions. Now, it's
99:16:13over to you to answer them.
99:16:16Did they add more perfume for the
99:16:19relaunch?
99:16:26Yes,
99:16:27for the relaunch they added more
99:16:31perfume.
99:16:33Was Fbreze now a cure or the finishing
99:16:37touch?
99:16:41It was the finishing touch.
99:16:44What happened to sales after the
99:16:46relaunch?
99:16:53Sales quickly doubled. An overwhelming
99:16:57response.
99:17:00Great job. Now, back to the story.
99:17:03>> Within a year, customers spent around
99:17:06$230
99:17:08million on it.
99:17:11Apart from the extra perfume, the
99:17:14chemical had barely changed. Its place
99:17:18in people's day had
99:17:31so myth is only half true.
99:17:36A new product must fit a routine people
99:17:39already have or even a brilliant one
99:17:44sits untouched
99:17:58speaking time. I don't want you to
99:18:00overthink it. Just open your mouth and
99:18:02just talk whatever you remember from the
99:18:05story.
99:18:06>> Had the chemical changed much?
99:18:16>> No.
99:18:18Apart from the extra perfume, the
99:18:20chemical had barely changed.
99:18:24Did customers spend that money within a
99:18:27year or 10 years?
99:18:37Within a year, customers spent around
99:18:41$230
99:18:43million.
99:18:45What happens to a brilliant product that
99:18:48fits no routine?
99:18:54Even a brilliant one sits untouched.
99:19:00>> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's
99:19:03keep it up and jump into the story.
99:19:07>> The same is true of habits you try to
99:19:10sell to yourself.
99:19:12You probably have excellent products on
99:19:15your shelf already.
99:19:25A grammar book, a vocabulary app, a paid
99:19:29course.
99:19:30Each one works and each sits untouched
99:19:35because it has no place in your day.
99:19:50Now it's yours. Go ahead and talk loudly
99:19:54as much as you can.
99:19:57>> Do you probably have excellent products
99:20:00on your shelf?
99:20:07Yes,
99:20:09you probably have excellent products on
99:20:11your shelf already.
99:20:14Does each one work or is each one
99:20:19broken?
99:20:23Each one works.
99:20:26Why does each one sit untouched?
99:20:35Each sits untouched because it has no
99:20:38place in your day.
99:20:42>> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the
99:20:44story.
99:20:46>> You do not notice the gap just as that
99:20:50woman could not smell her own cats.
99:20:59Instead of demanding more discipline,
99:21:02which tends to shrink,
99:21:05look at a routine you already finish
99:21:07daily, like your morning coffee.
99:21:22Okay, speaking time. Speak your mind.
99:21:25>> Do you notice the gap?
99:21:32No,
99:21:34you do not notice the gap.
99:21:38Should you demand more discipline
99:21:42or look at a routine?
99:21:48Look at a routine you already finish
99:21:51daily.
99:21:53What tends to shrink?
99:21:59Discipline tends to shrink.
99:22:03>> That's it. This is the last part of the
99:22:05story. Give it your best.
99:22:08>> What could become its finishing touch?
99:22:13Perhaps 5 minutes of listening after
99:22:16coffee.
99:22:26So ask yourself tonight,
99:22:29which daily routine could your English
99:22:32attach itself to starting tomorrow.
99:22:48Here's the last questions. I want you to
99:22:51give them everything you've got.
99:22:54>> Could listening after coffee become a
99:22:57finishing touch?
99:23:05Yes.
99:23:075 minutes of listening after coffee
99:23:10could become its finishing touch.
99:23:13Should you ask yourself tonight or next
99:23:17year?
99:23:21Ask yourself tonight,
99:23:24what could your English attach itself
99:23:27to?
99:23:33Your English could attach itself to a
99:23:35daily routine.
99:23:44The grammar we practice today, fronting
99:23:48for emphasis. Spray the fabric, let it
99:23:51dry, and gone was the smell.
99:23:56Perfect as the product was, almost
99:23:59nobody seemed to want it, and not even a
99:24:02mathematics whiz could explain why.
99:24:06A woman kept nine cats, and overwhelming
99:24:10as the smell was to the researchers, she
99:24:13noticed nothing.
99:24:17Strange as it seemed, one woman sprayed
99:24:20Febreze at the end of her cleaning, not
99:24:23to kill a smell, but as a small reward.
99:24:33Congratulations.
99:24:35You practiced 516 words in this story
99:24:39and you learned a lot.
99:24:43>> That's amazing. If you notice something
99:24:57and you you're doing it at the same
99:24:58time. That's such a great accomplishment
99:25:03mindset.
99:25:16Growth mindset.
99:25:32It's It's such a great book.
99:25:41Let's jump into the story The Talent
99:25:44Machine.
99:25:45>> The [snorts] talent machine from the
99:25:48book Mindset by Carol S. Dwick.
99:25:51[clears throat]
99:25:53Innovative.
99:25:55Blunt
99:25:57nickname.
99:26:00Disguise.
99:26:02Briefly,
99:26:05generously
99:26:07rank and yank.
99:26:11Pile up.
99:26:13Nod along.
99:26:16Give way.
99:26:19Look at this record. Six years in a row,
99:26:24a leading business magazine named one
99:26:27American company the most innovative in
99:26:31the country.
99:26:43The company was Enron,
99:26:46a Houston energy giant that at its peak
99:26:50seemed to be everywhere,
99:26:52from gas pipelines to online trading.
99:27:08Now, we're going to hear a question. I
99:27:10want you to answer it loudly in full
99:27:14sentences. Okay, let's go.
99:27:18>> Was one company named the most
99:27:21innovative six years in a row?
99:27:31Yes.
99:27:33A leading business magazine named it the
99:27:36most [gasps] innovative for six years.
99:27:41Was Enron an energy giant or a car
99:27:46maker?
99:27:50Enron was a Houston energy giant.
99:27:55Where did Enron seem to be?
99:28:04Hits seem to be everywhere from gas
99:28:07pipelines to online trading.
99:28:12>> So smooth. Awesome. Now let's listen.
99:28:16>> Much of its reputation rested on one
99:28:19man, Jeffrey Skielling,
99:28:22a former consultant who became its
99:28:24president and briefly its chief
99:28:28executive.
99:28:40Skilling believed talent was the secret
99:28:43of business success
99:28:45and he helped build a machine to find
99:28:48and reward it.
99:29:00Now it's yours. Go ahead and talk loudly
99:29:04as much as you can.
99:29:07>> Was skilling chief executive for a long
99:29:11time?
99:29:17>> No,
99:29:19he was its chief executive only briefly.
99:29:24Did Skiling believe in talent or in
99:29:27luck?
99:29:33Skiilling believed talent was the secret
99:29:36of business success.
99:29:39What did he help build?
99:29:48He helped build a machine to find and
99:29:52reward talent.
99:29:55Nice one. Let's continue.
99:29:58>> Enron hired the brightest graduates from
99:30:01the best universities,
99:30:03paid them generously, and promoted them
99:30:06fast.
99:30:16Every year, employees were ranked
99:30:19against one another and those at the
99:30:21bottom were pushed out.
99:30:32>> Let's see what stayed in your mind.
99:30:35Let's go.
99:30:37>> Did Enron pay its graduates generously?
99:30:47Yes,
99:30:49Enron paid them generously and promoted
99:30:53them fast.
99:30:55Were the employees at the top or the
99:30:59bottom pushed out?
99:31:04Those [clears throat] at the bottom were
99:31:06pushed out.
99:31:09How often were employees ranked?
99:31:16Every year, employees were ranked
99:31:19against one another.
99:31:22>> Great answers. Let's see what happens
99:31:25now.
99:31:27>> Inside the company, the review system
99:31:29earned a blunt nickname,
99:31:32rank and yank.
99:31:36And everyone knew which side of the line
99:31:38to be on.
99:31:51On paper, the system behind the nickname
99:31:53sounded perfect.
99:31:56After all, who could object to a company
99:31:59full of geniuses?
99:32:12Okay, voice is up. Now, here comes the
99:32:15questions.
99:32:17>> Was the nickname polite?
99:32:27>> No.
99:32:29The review system earned a blunt
99:32:32nickname.
99:32:34Was the nickname rank and yank or rank
99:32:39and reward?
99:32:44The nickname was rank and yank.
99:32:49How did the system sound on paper?
99:32:58On paper, the system behind the nickname
99:33:02sounded perfect.
99:33:05>> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep
99:33:08moving.
99:33:10>> You might object that hiring clever
99:33:12people is simply good sense. And it is.
99:33:17The question is what a company teaches
99:33:20them to value.
99:33:33Carol Dwek, the psychologist behind
99:33:36Mindset, points to Enron as a warning,
99:33:40drawing on an article by Malcolm
99:33:42Gladwell. Well,
99:33:55>> go on. Now it's your turn. You want to
99:33:57answer the questions?
99:33:59>> Is hiring clever people good sense?
99:34:09Yes.
99:34:11Hiring clever people is simply good
99:34:14sense.
99:34:16Does Dwick point to Enron as a model or
99:34:20a warning?
99:34:26She points to Enron as a warning.
99:34:30What is the real question?
99:34:38The question is what a company teaches
99:34:42them to value.
99:34:45>> Now relax your voice and let's continue
99:34:48listening.
99:34:50>> In a culture that prizes talent above
99:34:53everything, she argues people feel they
99:34:56must look brilliant at every moment.
99:35:07In such a place, admitting a mistake
99:35:10feels like proof that you were never a
99:35:13genius.
99:35:16Everyone would rather the errors stayed
99:35:18out of sight.
99:35:32Let's turn those ears into voice.
99:35:36Must people look brilliant at every
99:35:38moment in such a culture.
99:35:46Yes,
99:35:48people feel they must look brilliant at
99:35:51every moment. Would everyone rather the
99:35:55errors stayed hidden or were seen?
99:36:04Everyone would rather the errors stayed
99:36:07out of sight.
99:36:09What does admitting a mistake feel like
99:36:12there?
99:36:18It feels like proof that you were never
99:36:22a genius.
99:36:25>> Great job. Now, back to the story.
99:36:28>> Mistakes then were not admitted.
99:36:32Bad deals were disguised
99:36:35and debts and losses were moved where
99:36:38investors could not see them.
99:36:51For a while, the numbers looked
99:36:53wonderful,
99:36:55and the company acted as if the losses
99:36:58did not [applause] exist.
99:37:09Now, the table's turn. I'm going to ask
99:37:12you questions. You're going to do the
99:37:14talking. Let's go.
99:37:16>> Did the company act as if the losses did
99:37:19not exist?
99:37:28Yes.
99:37:29The company acted as if the losses did
99:37:32not exist.
99:37:35Were bad deals admitted or disguised?
99:37:44Bad deals were disguised.
99:37:48Where were debts and losses moved?
99:37:56They were moved where investors could
99:37:58not see them.
99:38:02>> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the
99:38:05story.
99:38:06The trouble with hidden losses is that
99:38:09they do not disappear.
99:38:12They grow quietly in the dark, piling up
99:38:16like water behind a wall.
99:38:30In 2001,
99:38:32the wall gave way.
99:38:36Enron became one of the largest
99:38:38bankruptcies in American history and
99:38:41thousands lost their jobs and savings.
99:38:57That's amazing. Now we want to speak
99:38:59what you have read and listened.
99:39:02Do hidden losses disappear?
99:39:12No.
99:39:14They grow quietly in the dark, piling up
99:39:18like water.
99:39:20Did the wall hold or give way in 2001?
99:39:32In 2001,
99:39:34the wall gave way.
99:39:37What did thousands lose?
99:39:45Thousands lost their jobs and savings.
99:39:51Good job. Let's continue the story.
99:39:54A company built to gather the smartest
99:39:57people had made one of the most foolish
99:40:01mistakes in business history.
99:40:13Its people were not stupid.
99:40:16They had been paid generously to learn
99:40:20that looking smart mattered more than
99:40:23telling the truth.
99:40:37Now the floor is yours. Let's go.
99:40:40>> Were Enron's people stupid?
99:40:48No,
99:40:50its people were not stupid.
99:40:54Did they learn that truth or looking
99:40:57smart mattered more?
99:41:05They learned that looking smart mattered
99:41:08more than telling the truth.
99:41:11How had they been paid?
99:41:17They had been paid generously.
99:41:22>> Honestly, I loved the answers. Let's
99:41:25keep it up and jump into the story.
99:41:29>> A place that prizes talent above
99:41:31everything teaches people to hide their
99:41:35mistakes.
99:41:37And hidden mistakes are usually the most
99:41:40expensive kind.
99:41:53Classrooms can run their own quiet rank
99:41:56and yank.
99:41:59Students who want to seem clever stop
99:42:01asking questions
99:42:03and disguise what they do not
99:42:05understand.
99:42:19Okay, questions time.
99:42:22>> Are hidden mistakes usually cheap?
99:42:32>> No.
99:42:34Hidden mistakes are usually the most
99:42:37expensive kind.
99:42:40Do clever students ask questions
99:42:44or disguise what they do not understand.
99:42:54They stop asking questions and disguise
99:42:58what they do not understand.
99:43:02What can classrooms run?
99:43:10>> Classrooms can run their own quiet rank
99:43:14and yank.
99:43:18>> Now, back to the story.
99:43:21In an English class, it looks like
99:43:23nodding along as though you understood
99:43:26every word or staying silent so nobody
99:43:30hears your errors.
99:43:42It feels safe.
99:43:46The blunt truth is that nodding along is
99:43:49the Enron strategy in miniature.
99:43:53Protecting an image while the real
99:43:56losses pile up.
99:44:10Okay, questions time. Let's jump into
99:44:12it.
99:44:14Do learners nod along as though they
99:44:17understood?
99:44:25Yes,
99:44:26they nod along as though they understood
99:44:30every word.
99:44:32Is nodding along truly safe
99:44:36or the Enron strategy?
99:44:45The blunt truth is that nodding along is
99:44:48the Enron strategy in miniature.
99:44:52What piles up while you protect an
99:44:55image.
99:45:00The real losses pile up.
99:45:04>> And now the big finish.
99:45:08It is time your mistakes were seen early
99:45:12while they are small and cheap before
99:45:15anything gives way.
99:45:19Looking foolish briefly is where ability
99:45:23grows.
99:45:35Six years as America's most innovative
99:45:38company, and not one award could protect
99:45:42a company that had forgotten how to
99:45:45admit a mistake.
99:45:58Awesome. This is the final questions for
99:46:01this one. Go ahead. I don't want you to
99:46:03leave anything on the table. Try to
99:46:05answer every single question. Go ahead.
99:46:08Is it time your mistakes were seen
99:46:11early?
99:46:18Yes. It is time your mistakes were seen
99:46:23early while they are small.
99:46:27Should mistakes be seen before or after
99:46:31something gives way.
99:46:39They should be seen early before
99:46:42anything gives way.
99:46:45Where does ability grow?
99:46:52Looking foolish briefly is where ability
99:46:55grows.
99:47:03The grammar we practice today unreal
99:47:06past. Everyone would rather the errors
99:47:10stayed out of sight.
99:47:13For a while the numbers looked wonderful
99:47:15and the company acted as if the losses
99:47:18did not exist.
99:47:21In an English class, it looks like
99:47:24nodding along as though you understood
99:47:26every word or staying silent so nobody
99:47:29hears your errors.
99:47:33It is time your mistakes were seen early
99:47:36while they are small and cheap before
99:47:38anything gives way.
99:47:43Congratulations.
99:47:49You practiced 519
99:47:52words in this story and you learned a
99:47:55lot.
99:47:57>> Honestly, well done.
99:48:03And uh this is the important thing. You
99:48:06you're you're improving your English.
99:48:07You're improving your mindset. And
99:48:10that's going to make you a undestroyable
99:48:14man or or like undesirable guy. So
99:48:18that's amazing.
99:48:26Just just listen to what happened.
99:48:48for
99:49:18assistance.
99:49:38for
99:50:06visual.
99:50:12Shakespeare.
99:50:27forchech.
99:50:57for
99:51:11meetings.
99:51:24It has
99:51:59Just for fun.
99:52:10Awesome.
99:52:41for
99:52:44WhatsApp.
99:53:15The 8020 principle. Oh my god.
99:53:57Let's jump into the story. The vital
99:53:59few.
99:54:01The vital few from the book The 8020
99:54:05Principle by Richard Kosh.
99:54:09Deceptively
99:54:11trivial
99:54:14defect.
99:54:16Evenly
99:54:18uninterested.
99:54:21Boom.
99:54:23Overtake.
99:54:25Shorthand.
99:54:28Survival.
99:54:30death.
99:54:33Today, when people buy a Japanese car,
99:54:38they usually expect it to start every
99:54:41morning and run for years without much
99:54:44trouble.
99:54:56After the Second World War, the label
99:55:00made in Japan was widely seen as
99:55:03shorthand for cheap goods that broke
99:55:07easily.
99:55:20Now, we're going to hear a question. I
99:55:22want you to answer it loudly in full
99:55:26sentences. Okay, let's go.
99:55:30>> After the war, was made in Japan
99:55:34shorthand for cheap goods.
99:55:43Yes.
99:55:45Made in Japan was widely seen as
99:55:48shorthand for [gasps]
99:55:49cheap goods. that broke easily.
99:55:54Do people expect a Japanese car to break
99:55:58or to run for years?
99:56:06They expect it to run for years without
99:56:10much trouble.
99:56:12What did the label made in Japan once
99:56:16suggest?
99:56:22>> It suggested cheap goods that broke
99:56:26easily.
99:56:28>> Nice one. Let's continue.
99:56:32It would once have sounded like a joke
99:56:35to say that the same label was to become
99:56:38shorthand for goods that simply worked.
99:56:52Part of that change began with a
99:56:54Romanian-born American engineer named
99:56:58Joseph Juran and one deceptively simple
99:57:02idea.
99:57:15Okay, voice is up. Now, here comes the
99:57:18questions.
99:57:20>> Was the same label to become shorthand
99:57:23for goods that worked?
99:57:32Yes.
99:57:34The same label was to become shorthand
99:57:36for goods that simply worked.
99:57:40Was Juran's idea deceptively simple
99:57:45or truly complicated?
99:57:51It was deceptively simple.
99:57:55Who was Joseph Juran?
99:58:04He was a Romanianborn American engineer
99:58:07with one deceptively simple idea.
99:58:14>> All right, let's see if you've guessed
99:58:15it right. Let's go to the next part of
99:58:17the story.
99:58:19>> Jeran had noticed in factory after
99:58:21factory the problems were not spread
99:58:24evenly.
99:58:26A small number of causes produced most
99:58:30of the defects.
99:58:43He called those causes the vital few and
99:58:47the rest the trivial many.
99:58:52Fix the vital few first, he argued, and
99:58:56quality rises dramatically.
99:59:11>> Speaking time, I don't want you to
99:59:13overthink it. Just open your mouth and
99:59:15just talk whatever you remember from the
99:59:18story.
99:59:19Were problems spread evenly across the
99:59:23factories?
99:59:30No.
99:59:31Problems were not spread evenly.
99:59:35Did a small number of causes produce
99:59:39most defects
99:59:42or only a few?
99:59:48A small number of causes produced most
99:59:51of the defects.
99:59:53What did Juran call the rest of the
99:59:56causes?
100:00:02He called them the trivial many.
100:00:07Great answers. Let's see what happens
100:00:10now.
100:00:11It sounds deceptively obvious,
100:00:16which is exactly why it was so easy to
100:00:19overlook. [gasps]
100:00:29In 1951, he published a thick handbook
100:00:33on quality control and tried to interest
100:00:37American companies in it. Awesome.
100:00:51Quiz time. Let's jump into it.
100:00:54>> Was the idea easy to overlook?
100:01:05Yes,
100:01:07it sounds deceptively obvious, so it was
100:01:11easy to overlook.
100:01:14Did he publish a thin pamphlet
100:01:17or a thick handbook?
100:01:24He published a thick handbook on quality
100:01:28control.
100:01:30When did Juran publish his handbook?
100:01:37He published it in 1951.
100:01:43>> Great job. Now, back to the story.
100:01:46>> They were polite and largely
100:01:49uninterested.
100:01:52Industry was booming and managers saw
100:01:55little reason to change. His
100:02:09handbook was to find its most attentive
100:02:11readers far from home.
100:02:16In 1954, a union of Japanese scientists
100:02:20and engineers invited him to teach
100:02:35Okay, questions time.
100:02:39>> Were American companies interested in
100:02:42the handbook?
100:02:49No,
100:02:50they were polite and largely
100:02:53uninterested.
100:02:56Was the handbook to find its readers at
100:02:59home or far from home?
100:03:07It was to find its most attentive
100:03:10readers far from home.
100:03:14Why did American managers see little
100:03:16reason to change?
100:03:21because industry was booming.
100:03:26>> See, English is already coming out of
100:03:29you. Now listen and let's continue.
100:03:32>> He lectured to senior executives and
100:03:35they listened as though their survival
100:03:38depended on it,
100:03:40which in a sense it did.
100:03:53For companies rebuilding after the war,
100:03:56quality was not a trivial matter.
100:04:01It was a question of survival.
100:04:16Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to
100:04:18answer the questions?
100:04:20Did the Japanese executives listened
100:04:23closely?
100:04:29Yes,
100:04:31they listened as though their survival
100:04:33depended on it.
100:04:35Was quality a trivial matter or a
100:04:39question of survival?
100:04:45It was a question
100:04:48of survival.
100:04:50Who did Juran lecture to?
100:04:57He lectured to senior executives.
100:05:01>> Now story is calling us. Let's continue.
100:05:05Japanese firms went hunting for their
100:05:08own vital few, fixing the small number
100:05:12of causes behind most of their defects
100:05:15year after year.
100:05:28For decades, the gap grew slowly and
100:05:32almost invisibly. [clears throat]
100:05:36Then in the 1970s and 1980s, it became
100:05:41impossible to ignore.
100:05:55>> Now test yourself.
100:05:57Did Japanese firms fix the causes behind
100:06:01their defects?
100:06:09Yes, they fixed the small number of
100:06:13causes behind most of their defects.
100:06:18Did the gap grow quickly or slowly?
100:06:26It grew slowly and almost invisibly.
100:06:31When did the gap become impossible to
100:06:34ignore?
100:06:42It became impossible to ignore in the
100:06:451970s and 1980s.
100:06:50>> So smooth. Awesome. Now, let's listen.
100:06:54Japanese cars and electronics were
100:06:57overtaking American ones on quality,
100:07:01and customers noticed long before
100:07:04managers admitted it.
100:07:17Within a few decades, the firms that
100:07:20listened were to overtake the booming
100:07:23firms that had politely looked away.
100:07:37Now it's yours. Go ahead and talk loudly
100:07:41as much as you can.
100:07:43Were Japanese cars overtaking American
100:07:47ones on quality?
100:07:55Yes,
100:07:57Japanese cars and electronics were
100:08:00overtaking American ones.
100:08:03Were the listening firms to overtake the
100:08:06booming firms
100:08:09or fall behind?
100:08:16They were to overtake the booming firms
100:08:21that had looked away.
100:08:24Who noticed the change first?
100:08:31Customers noticed long before managers
100:08:35admitted it.
100:08:37>> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep
100:08:40moving.
100:08:42Maybe it was pride.
100:08:44Maybe success simply makes people deaf
100:08:47to warnings because every warning seems
100:08:50to insult what is working.
100:09:04The irony is sharp.
100:09:07Some of the best advice on quality came
100:09:10from an American.
100:09:12And America, once so uninterested, was
100:09:16among the last to use it.
100:09:31Spotlight now is on you. I want you to
100:09:33answer the questions by actually
100:09:37talking. Let's go. Was America quick to
100:09:41use the advice?
100:09:49No.
100:09:51America, once so uninterested, was among
100:09:55the last to use it.
100:09:58Does success make people deaf to
100:10:01warnings?
100:10:03or eager for them.
100:10:10Maybe success simply makes people death
100:10:14to warnings.
100:10:16Where did some of the best advice on
100:10:18quality come from?
100:10:23It came from an American.
100:10:28>> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the
100:10:30story.
100:10:32Richard Kosh in the 8020 principle calls
100:10:36him one of the ideas great champions.
100:10:47In time, American companies came back to
100:10:49him, and he was to keep teaching into
100:10:52old age, pressing the same few ideas.
100:11:07>> Awesome. Now it's speaking turn.
100:11:10>> Did Juran stop teaching when he was old?
100:11:20No,
100:11:22he was to keep teaching into old age.
100:11:27Does Cotch call him a champion
100:11:30or a critic of the idea?
100:11:37Cotch calls him one of the ideas great
100:11:41champions.
100:11:44What did American companies do in time
100:11:52in time?
100:11:54They came back to him.
100:11:58>> Now relax your voice and let's continue
100:12:01listening. Often the most useful idea in
100:12:05the room is the one everyone nods at
100:12:08politely and then ignores
100:12:12because it means admitting you could do
100:12:15better.
100:12:27Your mistakes in English are not spread
100:12:30evenly either.
100:12:34A small set of repeated errors causes
100:12:37most of the damage in your writing or
100:12:40speaking.
100:12:53Okay, speaking time. Speak your mind.
100:12:57>> Are your mistakes in English spread
100:12:59evenly?
100:13:07No,
100:13:09your mistakes in English are not spread
100:13:12evenly
100:13:13either.
100:13:15Do many errors or a small set cause most
100:13:20of the damage?
100:13:28A small set of repeated errors causes
100:13:33most of the damage.
100:13:36What do people often do with the most
100:13:38useful idea?
100:13:45They nod at it politely
100:13:48and then ignore it.
100:13:51And now the big finish.
100:13:55>> A teacher has probably pointed at them
100:13:58already.
100:14:00Did you listen or did you nod politely
100:14:03and stay deaf
100:14:06like those comfortable managers?
100:14:20So the next time you receive feedback,
100:14:23do not ask whether it sounds impressive.
100:14:27Ask whether it points at one of your
100:14:30vital few.
100:14:42The last round of questions. Let's end
100:14:46on a high note. Okay, let's go.
100:14:50>> Has a teacher probably pointed at your
100:14:52mistakes already?
100:14:59Yes,
100:15:01her teacher has probably pointed at them
100:15:04already.
100:15:06Did the comfortable managers listen or
100:15:09stay deaf?
100:15:16They nodded politely
100:15:19and stayed deaf.
100:15:23What should you ask about feedback?
100:15:30Ask whether it points at one of your
100:15:34vital few.
100:15:43The grammar we practiced today,
100:15:46future in the past. It would once have
100:15:49sounded like a joke to say that the same
100:15:52label was to become shorthand for goods
100:15:55that simply worked.
100:15:59His handbook was to find its most
100:16:01attentive readers far from home.
100:16:06Within a few decades, the firms that
100:16:09listened were to overtake the booming
100:16:11firms that had politely looked away.
100:16:17In time, American companies came back to
100:16:20him, and he was to keep teaching into
100:16:23old age, pressing the same few ideas.
100:16:34Congratulations.
100:16:36You practiced 57 words in this story and
100:16:40you learned a lot.
100:16:44>> See, that wasn't hard.
100:16:53This is amazing. Let's keep it up.
100:16:56outliers.
100:17:09Let's jump into the story The Missing
100:17:11Word.
100:17:12>> The missing word from the book Outliers
100:17:17by Malcolm Gladwell.
100:17:20Afterthought.
100:17:22Mitigate.
100:17:25Decode.
100:17:27Brisk.
100:17:29Wreckage.
100:17:32Mortal.
100:17:34Holding pattern.
100:17:37Politeness.
100:17:39Cushion.
100:17:42Resist the urge.
100:17:46It is a winter night in 1990
100:17:50and a jet from Colombia is circling
100:17:54in the dark above New York.
100:18:08Controllers send the jet into a holding
100:18:11pattern,
100:18:12a slow loop in the sky.
100:18:16Then another. And then a third.
100:18:31Now, we're going to hear a question. I
100:18:33want you to answer it loudly in full
100:18:38sentences. Okay, let's go.
100:18:41Is the jet circling above New York?
100:18:51Yes.
100:18:54A jet from Colombia is circling
100:18:57in the dark above New York.
100:19:01Is it a summer night or a winter night?
100:19:09It is a winter night in 1990.
100:19:13Where do controllers send the jet?
100:19:22They send it into a holding pattern, a
100:19:26slow loop in the sky.
100:19:30>> Now relax your voice and let's continue
100:19:33listening.
100:19:34More than an hour passes.
100:19:38In the cockpit, the crew watchs the fuel
100:19:41gauges fall.
100:19:52The captain speaks little English. So
100:19:56the young co-pilot, Maldithio Clotsz,
100:19:59handles every conversation with the
100:20:01ground.
100:20:13A quick check before we move on. I want
100:20:15you to answer these questions.
100:20:18>> Does the captain speak good English?
100:20:27>> No,
100:20:28the captain speaks little English.
100:20:33Do the fuel gauges rise or fall?
100:20:41The crew watch the fuel gauges fall.
100:20:46Who handles every conversation with the
100:20:49ground?
100:20:54The young co-pilot Maritsio Clots does.
100:20:59>> Now you are warmed up now. Let's keep
100:21:02moving.
100:21:04>> At one point, he mentions that they can
100:21:06no longer reach their backup airport.
100:21:10He says it quietly as information, not
100:21:14an alarm.
100:21:27The controller hears a routine update
100:21:30and gives routine instructions.
100:21:34The plane keeps circling.
100:21:49Spotlight now is on you. I want you to
100:21:51answer the questions by actually
100:21:55talking. Let's go.
100:21:57>> Does he say it as an alarm?
100:22:06>> No.
100:22:08He says it quietly as information, not
100:22:12an alarm.
100:22:15Does the controller hear an alarm or a
100:22:19routine update?
100:22:24He hears a routine update.
100:22:28What can they no longer reach?
100:22:34They can no longer reach their backup
100:22:37airport.
100:22:40>> Good job. Let's continue the story.
100:22:43>> At last, they are cleared to land.
100:22:48Strong winds throw them off the
100:22:50approach, and they must climb away and
100:22:53try again.
100:23:04Now the tanks are nearly empty.
100:23:08The captain tells his co-pilot to inform
100:23:11the controllers that they are in an
100:23:14emergency.
100:23:27Awesome. Quiz time. Let's jump into it.
100:23:30Do they land on the first try?
100:23:39No.
100:23:41Strong winds throw them off the
100:23:43approach.
100:23:45Are the tanks full or nearly empty?
100:23:53The tanks are nearly empty.
100:23:58What does the captain tell his co-pilot?
100:24:07He tells him to inform the controllers
100:24:09that they are in an emergency.
100:24:14>> Now story is calling us. Let's continue.
100:24:18The co-pilot keys the radio.
100:24:22Told to declare an emergency, he never
100:24:25does so.
100:24:28He adds almost as an afterthought
100:24:32that they are running out of fuel.
100:24:46Imagine you are the controller.
100:24:50Dozens of voices fill your headset and
100:24:53many crews in a holding pattern are low
100:24:56on fuel.
100:25:09All right, time to prove your focusing.
100:25:12Let's jump into it.
100:25:15Does the co-pilot declare an emergency?
100:25:25No.
100:25:27Told to declare an emergency, he never
100:25:30does so.
100:25:33Is the fuel his main message or an
100:25:37afterthought?
100:25:42He adds it. almost as an afterthought.
100:25:47Which crews are low on fuel?
100:25:55Many crews in a holding pattern are low
100:25:58on fuel.
100:26:01>> Great answers. Let's see what happens
100:26:03now.
100:26:05>> A calm voice says they are running out
100:26:08of fuel.
100:26:11Nobody says the one word that would
100:26:13clear the sky.
100:26:16Emergency.
100:26:28Would you decode that calm voice as a
100:26:32crew in mortal danger?
100:26:36Probably not.
100:26:49Let's turn those ears into voice.
100:26:53>> Would you decode the calm voice as
100:26:56mortal danger?
100:27:03No,
100:27:05probably not. It is a calm voice.
100:27:10Does someone say emergency
100:27:13or does nobody say it?
100:27:20Nobody says the one word that would
100:27:23clear the sky.
100:27:26What one word would clear the sky?
100:27:36Emergency
100:27:39is the one word that would clear the
100:27:42sky.
100:27:44>> Great job. Now, back to the story.
100:27:48>> So, you treat it as routine.
100:27:51You ask whether a longer route is fine
100:27:53with their fuel, and he answers
100:27:57that he guesses so.
100:28:10Minutes later, the engines stop one
100:28:14after another.
100:28:16The jet comes down on a wooded hillside
100:28:20on Long Island.
100:28:33Okay, let's pause for a second. Now, I'm
100:28:36going to ask you questions. Now, it's
100:28:37over to you to answer them.
100:28:40>> Does the co-pilot say the longer route
100:28:43is fine?
100:28:50>> Yes.
100:28:51He answers that he guesses. So,
100:28:56do the engines keep running or stop?
100:29:05The engines stop one after another.
100:29:10Where does the jet come down?
100:29:18It comes down on a wooded hillside
100:29:21on Long Island.
100:29:25>> Okay, now listening mode.
100:29:28>> 73 people lose their lives.
100:29:32Many others survive, pulled from the
100:29:35wreckage by rescuers and neighbors.
100:29:48There was no bomb in the wreckage and no
100:29:52mechanical failure.
100:29:55The plane simply ran out of fuel near
100:29:59one of the world's busiest airports.
100:30:14Here's where you do the talking. Go
100:30:17ahead and talk and build me full
100:30:20sentences.
100:30:22>> Was there a bomb in the wreckage?
100:30:30>> No,
100:30:32there was no bomb in the wreckage.
100:30:36Did the plane fail mechanically
100:30:40or simply run out of fuel?
100:30:47The plane simply ran out of fuel.
100:30:52Who pulled survivors from the wreckage?
100:31:00Rescuers and neighbors pulled them from
100:31:03the wreckage.
100:31:06Nice one. Let's continue.
100:31:09>> Why would a crew in mortal danger speak
100:31:12so softly?
100:31:16Part of the answer lies in how we speak
100:31:20to those above us.
100:31:33Researchers call it mitigated speech,
100:31:37softening a message out of respect,
100:31:40fear, or politeness.
100:31:42So the listener must guess your meaning.
100:31:57>> Go ahead. It's your time. Go ahead and
100:31:59speak.
100:32:01>> Was the crew in mortal danger?
100:32:11Yes, the crew was in mortal danger,
100:32:16yet they spoke softly.
100:32:20Does mitigated speech make a message
100:32:23stronger or softer?
100:32:31Mitigated speech softens a message.
100:32:36Why do people mitigate their speech?
100:32:45They soften it out of respect, fear, or
100:32:50politeness.
100:32:53>> See, English is already coming out of
100:32:56you. Now listen and let's continue.
100:32:59Where authority is deeply respected, a
100:33:02junior pilot may hint to a senior one
100:33:05and a crew to a brisk controller.
100:33:17Hints work when the listener has time to
100:33:20decode them.
100:33:23That night, nobody did.
100:33:35Okay, questions time. Let's jump into
100:33:37it.
100:33:39>> Did anyone have time to decode the hints
100:33:42that night?
100:33:49>> No, that night nobody did.
100:33:54Does a junior pilot hint or give orders?
100:34:03A junior pilot may hint to a senior one.
100:34:09Who may a crew hint to?
100:34:16A crew may hint to a brisk controller.
100:34:22>> Awesome. Great job. Let's keep up the
100:34:24story.
100:34:26>> The warning was given, but as an
100:34:28afterthought.
100:34:31A brisk controller needed the plain
100:34:34word, not a mitigated one.
100:34:47Say it clearly.
100:34:51Politeness and directness are not
100:34:53enemies.
100:34:54You can be respectful and direct.
100:35:09>> Go on. Now it's your turn. You want to
100:35:11answer the questions?
100:35:13>> Did the Brisk controller need a
100:35:16mitigated word?
100:35:24No, he needed the plain word, not a
100:35:28mitigated one.
100:35:31Can you be respectful and direct or only
100:35:35one of them?
100:35:40You can be respectful and direct.
100:35:45How was the warning given?
100:35:52It was given but as an afterthought.
100:35:57Here's on. Now let's come to the next
100:35:59part.
100:36:01>> Many of us learned English as a language
100:36:03of cushioning.
100:36:05Could you possibly I was wondering if
100:36:09it's no trouble.
100:36:13Those
100:36:20phrases are valuable.
100:36:23They become dangerous only when they
100:36:25cushion the one sentence that matters.
100:36:38Every sentence,
100:36:40speak it out loud. Okay, let's go.
100:36:44Are those cushioning phrases valuable?
100:36:52Yes, those phrases are valuable.
100:36:57Did many of us learn a language of
100:37:00cushioning
100:37:02or of commands?
100:37:08Many of us learned English as a language
100:37:11of cushioning.
100:37:14When do these phrases become dangerous?
100:37:22When they cushion the one sentence that
100:37:26matters.
100:37:28Now this is the final part. I want you
100:37:30to focus and jump into it.
100:37:34>> So try a small experiment. this week.
100:37:38The next time you do not understand a
100:37:40teacher,
100:37:42resist the urge to nod.
100:37:58Resist the urge to hint too.
100:38:02If you do not understand, say so.
100:38:06And notice how much faster everything
100:38:09moves.
100:38:22>> One final question, bro. You've done the
100:38:25whole thing. Now, let's do the final
100:38:27one.
100:38:28>> Should you nod when you do not
100:38:30understand?
100:38:37No.
100:38:39Resist the urge to nod.
100:38:43Should you hint or say so?
100:38:51If you do not understand, say so.
100:38:55What will you notice?
100:39:01He will notice how much faster
100:39:03everything moves.
100:39:12The grammar we practice today, ellipsis
100:39:16and substitution.
100:39:18Told to declare an emergency, he never
100:39:20does so. He adds almost as an
100:39:23afterthought that they are running out
100:39:25of fuel.
100:39:28Probably not.
100:39:31You ask whether a longer route is fine
100:39:34with their fuel, and he answers that he
100:39:37guesses so.
100:39:40Where authority is deeply respected, a
100:39:43junior pilot may hint to a senior one
100:39:46and a crew to a brisk controller.
100:39:52Congratulations.
100:39:57You practiced 514 words in this story
100:40:01and you learned a lot.
100:40:05>> Congratulations.
100:40:13You have completed the 100 hours. This
100:40:16is crazy.
100:40:32Alpha broke. Congratulations. like
100:40:49like honestly
100:40:52like
100:41:00YouTube
100:41:05like this is crazy
100:41:19to be very honest.
100:41:24Please let me know please.
100:41:29Um, wow. That's going to be insane.
100:41:32That's going to be crazy.
100:41:44That's
100:42:02awesome. That's amazing. Please keep it
100:42:04up.
100:42:09Villain come video.

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